Portfolio 2017

Ruolin Xu Portfolio

2010-2016

I. Multi-Scene Scanning

Machine Space & Vision Exploration / 2015

II. Magic Path

BOEING : A Collaborative Research and Development Network / 2015

III. Simulation Tube

BOEING : A Collaborative Research and Development Network / 2016

IV. Rise & Fall

Aerial Cartography / 2015

V. Slicer/Gradient

Animated Fibers: Skylight / 2016

VI. Filices/Labyrinth

Robotic Cartography / 2015

VII.Storage Wall

Augmented-Reality Corridor Renovation / 2016

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VIII.Arts Pavilion

An exhibition and event space / 2012

IX.Tanhualin Library A historic street community space / 2013

X.Exhibition Centre A long-span construction / 2014

XI.Urban Design

Caidian satellite city planning / 2014

XII. Kindergarten Landscape Yinhai Road kindergarten + primary school design Internship Project / 2013

Portfolio of Ruolin Xu

Work Collections 2012 - 2016 3

Multi-Scene Scanning Machine Vision Exploration

Academic work, individual/2016 Instructor / Greg Lynn & Julia Koerner

Define the world as a container, what we capture can be referred as scenes.

People capture scenes by their eyes as continuous consciousness, and thus transfer them into continuous information; Machines capture scenes as editable footages, and thus transfer them into individual frames of the scanning; Focusing on a single object with machine vision and overlaying the scanning create extra depth and information of the scene.

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people vision

machine vision

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T O O L I N G

3D ROBOTICS SOLO AERIAL SMART DRONE GO PRO HERO4 SILVER Fly the drone and use a camera to scan the silhouette of Building 15 . When remapped the frames of the footage by disrupting the timeline, it gives extra volume than the object originally has.

West Entrance 3D Mapping of Arts Pavilion Building 15

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T O O L I N G

KUKA KR 150 6-AXIS ROBOT GO PRO HERO4 SILVER A GoPro attached to an end-arm tool is operated by an robot arm to simulate a drone with a camera. The scale of the object changes enormously from a building to a 1:500 model of the building, and the effect of mapping frames from different perspectives is been exaggerated.

Instead of layering frames along the timeline, I select several frames and map them randomly (disrupting the timeline).

3D Mapping

3D Plus Mapping

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West Entrance Paper of model: Arts Pavilp

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perspective lion 1-7

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Magic Path

BOEING: A Collaborative Research and Development Network

Academic work, individual / 2016 Instructor / Greg Lynn & Julia Koerner

Magic Path is a Boeing center design focusing on facilitating collaborations either being together or separated geographically. Taken the new context of collaboration into consideration, Magic Path takes the layers of spaces out of the frame that people are vertically separated by horizontal floors and outlines the rearrangements of spaces with intersecting signature, and thus the intersection spaces, or in-between spaces hold the characteristic of touching the inner layer—the core and the outer layer—the exoskeleton. This feature makes it a perfect place to allow people and informations to be transformed and interacted in maximum.

As a result of this kind of subdivisions, different layers have different atmospheres in which can embed different degrees of collaboration—the core is a pure space which serves for individual works; the intersection is a lively broadcast model also a circulation center which invite any forms of coloration; the exoskeleton spaces are more delicately contribute to a limited collaboration with filtered information customized to specific groups.

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Technologies work as an important role of accelerating the collaboration is also inserted into the intersection space and will serve for the whole internet of collaboration with varied degrees of quantities of information projected into different layers—none into the core, news into the in-between and professional materials into the exoskeleton.

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We used to work together in buildings with parallel layers, and therefore we are horizontally connected, but vertically separated.

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Gursky's May Day V (2006), at Matthew Marks.

14 Andreas Gursky/Courtesy of Matthew (Photo: Marks Gallery)

ATION

ATION

ATION ATION

50 PEOPLE COLLABORATION 500 500PEOPLE PEOPLECOLLABORATION COLLABORATION

5050PE

50 PEOPLE COLLABORATION SECTION SECTION SECTION

50 PEOPLE COLLABORATION 50 PEOPLE COLLABORATION

SECTION

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A

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A’

The intersection is a lively projection space tolerating multimedia broadcast. Laser plasma emitter systems which based on a tube-like structure would play as an important role of ordinary level information such as news and schedules, and also a circulation center which invite any forms of collaboration section A-A' of Arts Pavilion West Entrance

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Magic Path A Simulation Tube

Academic work, individual/2016 Instructor / Greg Lynn & Julia Koerner

To realize the scenario of reducing the noise around the airport, my idea is to have a simulation tube in which you can use laser plasma emission and hologram projector to simulate the landing process of an airplane so that we can add information like the airflow simulation of landing gears or a map of sound decibel contour around the airport, as well as the takeoff process.

The tube shape is generated from three objects, to be more specific, is the inner space of three objects intersected with each other. The outer and in-between layer could work as controlling room, 3D printing room and prototype room to create a micro-environment related to the workflow around the Tube. Because of the language of intersection, this area appears to be relatively compact but highly organized.

A regular scenario would happen in the 3D printing room could be an engineer gets the scaled down model of a landing gear from the 3D printing machine and the mechanism inside the tube skin would rotate the part inside the tube so that we can have a physical model and digital data projection at the same time to analyze; Inside the controlling room, engineers and designers could gather together to watch a hologram airplane taking off with the new prototype and the projection of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) data.

Pause at keyframe of the process and get different view from different level of that space is possible and helpful.

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Max Landing Range

Min Landing Range

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PROTOTYPE ROOM 1:1 scale physical model analysis

CONTROLLING AREA digital simulation and information control

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3D PRINTING AREA scaled physical model

The tube shape is generated from three objects, to be more specif ic, is t he inner space of three objects intersected with each other.

The outer and in-between layer could work as controlling room, 3D printing room and prototype room to create a

micro-environment related to the workflow around the Tube.

Because of the language of intersection, this area appears to be relatively compact but highly organized.

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SCREEN with LASER PLASMA EMITTER

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SIMULATION TUBE

3D PRINTING HUB

1:10 3D PRINTED WING FLAP

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Inside the controlling room, engineers and designers could gather together to watch a hologram airplane taking off with the new prototype and the projection of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) data. Pause at keyframe of the process and get different view from different level of that space is possible and helpful.

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Rise & Fall Aerial Cartography

Academic work/2015 Ruolin Xu, Luis Ochoa, Lyo heng Liu, Marcelo Marcos Instructor / Julia Koerner

Continuing the seminar culture of approaching architectural design with machine vision, our project Rise and Fall is about using drones and gravity to fabricate lightweight, high-strength carbon fiber shell structure on site, which can be in urban context or a hard to reach remote area. We imagine in the near future anyone who has access to the internet can pick and choose a structure with varying size, height, density, and porosity.

Comparing to conventional construction method which consists of team of workers, cranks hoisting traditional materials such as wood or steel beams, and trucks transporting materials and tools, drones are relatively inexpensive, flexible, and versatile.

The structure is essentially shaped by gravitational force in the form of catenary lines, it’s main structure and sub-structures are made based on different specifications of carbon fibers. The process starts with multiple drones (from 2 - 10 based on the planometric design of the structure) hoisting the main catenary lines which intersect and form the overall shape of one or multiple domes. Each line, made of carbon fiber yarn, is hoisted through a pot of fast-curing epoxy resin and held in shape aloft. Weaver drones will then proceed to build up density of the shell by weaving around and through the main catenary lines with impregnated fiber yarn until the desired porosity is reached.

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In the development of this idea, the drones will be employed for scanning and geomapping the site.

Photogrammetry will be generated from the data to determine and set constraints so that the light weight high strength shell can be made specifically based on the site parameters.

The shell structure is designed digitally through 3D and parametric tools that simulate gravity in real life, while its structural integrity is feed into Karamba for Finite Element Analysis which can also inform the patterning of the shell in terms of load path.

the use to hold and other drones are use to weave on site. In other scenarios, the shells could be delivered and constructed on remote areas where access is hard and where the terrain topography is harsh.

These shell could be adjusted in high and points of support so that they could adjust to the terrain. In other scenarios, these shells could be use for special event such as music concerts in which the shells could provide shelter for the people at the event.

The deployment and delivery of these light weight high strength shell could vary. Sometimes they could be set on an urban environment where the buildings are use as anchor points, and where drones

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hang-around function size

300 ft2

medium

get it !

function

shelter 300 ft2 20 ft

height density

medium

get it !

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shelter 300 ft2 20 ft

height density

medium

get it !

cave-in

size

function size

20 ft

height density

cave-in

concert stage

The shell structure is designed digitally through 3D and parametric tools that simulate gravity in real life, while its structural integrity is feed into

Karamba for Finite Element Analysis which can also inform the patterning of the shell in terms of load path.

of load path t Entrancesimulation of Arts Pavilion WesKaramba

3D remodel appearance

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sca

nn ing

ana

lys is

fab

ric ati o

n

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Urban Context

Urban Context

Urban Context

Harsh Context

Harsh Context

Harsh Context

Suburban Context

Suburban Context

Suburban Context

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West Hang-around Entrance of Structure Arts Pavilion

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West Cave-in Entrance Structure of Arts Pavilion

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Slicer/Gradient Animated Fibers: Skylight

Academic work/2016 Ruslan Atonenko, Ruolin Xu, Yitao Chen, Ting Xu, Chunxiao Wang, Uriel Alexander Lopez Instructor / Julia Koerner

The Slicer/Gradient project draws inspiration from textile manipulation in the

clothing industry. The final design is a culmination of a dialogue between the aesthetics of a large scale weave and the physical requirements of fiberglass infusion bagging as a fabrication method. Using two large 6-axis industrial Kuka robots and an external jig surface, the team has developed a workflow resulting in a parametric skylight mega-panel system that can be rapidly fabricated with two robots, one jig, and a handful of common shop tools. The external jig/robotic workflow eliminates the need for large one time use molds, greatly reducing both setup time and waste while maintaining a high level of precision.

In summation, the Slicer/Gradient team has been able to develop a workflow with unique strengths due to the use of 6 axis robotics and the characteristics of composites and infusion bagging. Using digital simulation, we can predict within an acceptable tolerance the behavior of the material inside the bag.

This allows us to design with certain manipulations in mind that can be easily reproduced with the use of the robots. The result is a design/production method that is dynamic and economical at the same time.

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West Entrance of Arts Pavilion

Fiberglass Infusion Bagging

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CUT cut sheet into strips JIG TOOL work with robots to make curvature MATERIAL glass fiber with indicating patterns S TRU CTU RE D E TA I L S

REARRANGE mega-panel laminated with glass fiber

S T R U CT U R A L WA L L

1 4”

4”

1/4”

E-CLOTH_TOP

PANEL A G L A SS F I B E R PA N E L S G L A SS F I B E R

E-CLOTH_BOTTOM

M E TA L C L E AT

CONCRETE ANCHOR B O LT

WOODFRAME panel collector

PANEL B CLEAT

attach with e-cloth and wall

STRUCTURE DETAI LS

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A LU M I N I U M

RUBBER

SHIIPPING (8’ x 10’ x 40’) maga-panels with gradient width

GLAZING

1/2’’

2‘ 3/4’’

GLU E 6’

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2 1

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FIN AL PROTOT YPE

MDF Infusion Medium

Peel Ply

TOOLING ( 2 ) K U K A K R 1 5 0 6 - A X I S R O B OT + E X T E R N A L A X I S S T E E L / WO O D E X T E R N A L J I G S U R FAC E ( 2 ) 1 / 4 ” S T E E L E N D A R M M O U T I N G P L AT E S

Glassfiber

Soric Glassfiber

B A N D S AW DRILL GUN O R B I TA L S A N D E R

M AT E R I A L S

Vacuum Bag MDF

MATERIAL

V E N F I B E R G L A SS S H E E T S E YESTER RESIN

X 2 = M E GA PA N E L

AT E R I A L S

TC H VAC U U M B AG INFUSION MEDIUM L I N G TA P E

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BANDSAW DR IL L G UN OR BITAL SANDE R

C O M P O S I T E M AT E R I A L S (2 ) 4 ’ x7’ 0/90 WOVE N F IB ERG LA SS S H EETS 4 ’x7 ’ SORI C C ORE 8 .7 5 QUART S POLY ES TER RES IN

X 2 = M E GA PA N E L I N F U S I O N M AT E R I A L S (2 ) 4 ’ 4”x7’ 4”ST RETC H VAC U U M B AG 4 ’x7 ’ HI GH FLOW I N F U S IO N M ED IU M AP PROX. 24’ SEALING TA PE 4 ’x7 ’ PEEL-PLY

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EARLY PROTOTYPES

Inspired by textile manipulation in the clothing industry, we explore different versions of weave effects by cutting and alternating the glass fiber clothes into several patterns before they are infiltrated with resin and try to observe how the glass fiber behave to get valuable feedback from the experiments.

PROTOTYPE 01 The resin melt the foam and it's hard to make the gradient opening by hands

WEAVE COMPONENTS

OVERLAP DETAIL

WEAVE PATTERN

WEAVE COMPONENTS

OVERLAP DETAIL

WEAVE PATTERN

WEAVE COMPONENTS

OVERLAP DETAIL

WEAVE PATTERN

WEAVE COMPONENTS

OVERLAP DETAIL

WEAVE PATTERN

PROTOTYPE 02 The wood sticks covered by Peel Ply will not go out because of the strong pressure from the vacuum bag and leave unwanted slopes

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Infusion Medium

PROTOTYPE 03 Try to make gradient openings by putting CNC foams covered by tinfoil under the cloth Glassfiber Peel Ply

OVERLAP DETAIL WEAVE COMPONENTS

WEAVE PATTERN OPENING SPACE

Foam with Foil

Vacuum Bag

PROTOTYPE 04 Instead of inserting material for opening spaces, this prototype uses jig to get deformed while curing on the robot arms.

Cut the cloth after it cured, and alternate stripes into different patterns

PATTERN

JIG REFORM

CUT

RESTRUCTURE

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Scale UP: Filices x Labyrinth Robotic Cartography

Academic work/2015 Ruolin Xu, Yitao Chen Instructor / Julia Koerner

The Scale Up project can be broken down into two parts. The first phase is to make

investigation and research into topic in detail on a small scale, and develop a system applied on a small scale transforming pavilion design. The other part is to merge two topics and develop a system applied on a large scale urban metabolism.

By tracing back the given topics (patterns) into physical medium, we could study more with the microperspective of the system so as to reveal the logic behind the pattern. Selaginella Lepidophylla and Bismuth Crystal are perfect working as bridges from Filices and Labyrinth to transforming pavilions.

Filices can shrink and expand depending on the stimulation of hydrate, and both of the items are selfrepeated. Those features contribute most of establishing the small scale pavilion.

When converting the two system into a larger scale of urban design, we decided to focus on different aspects of them - Labyrinth plays the roles of anchors and Filiecs are flexible bonds. Borders become important in this case in term of how the two systems touch each other. Detailed renderings show two resolutions to every situation, parallel, tangent, penetrate, or huddle.

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LEPIDOPHYLLA GROWTH

FILICES Movement Pattern

1

2

3

noun

( object NAME ) Selaginella Lepidophylla "Resurrection Plant, Rose of Jericho"

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( FEATURES ) self similarity, scaly appearance, The scales can glide over each other which helps the stem and the leaflike projections of the stems to curl up tightly without breaking.

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Original Pattern Objects Study FILICES

Object Reference Objects Study (closed)

3D Scanning Objects Study

Object Reference Objects Study (open)

Arrange Logic Objects Study

3D Printing Objects Study

hydro-responsive movement, spirally arranged stems (Archimedean spiral)

Pattern Remodel / 3D Printed Objects Study

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PAVILION_02 _plan

ObjectsStudy Study _ Pavilion Objects 54

PAVILION_02 _elevation

ObjectsStudy Study _ Pavilion Objects 55

BISMUTH CRYSTAL GROWTH

LABYRINTHINE Stacking Concept

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2

3

adjective

NETWORK/ irregular and twisting. of a SYSTEM/ intricate and confusing. of a

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( object NAME ) Bismuth Crystal ( FEATURES ) self similarity, exponential growth pattern, a hopper shape due to more rapid growth at the edges of each face than at the center OriginalLABRYNTHINE Pattern Objects Study

3D Scanning Objects Study

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vv

vv

Object Reference Objects Study BISMUTHFILICES CRYSTAL

vv

3D Scanning Objects Study

vv

3D Printing Objects Study

vv

perpendicular directionality

SELAGINELLA LEPIDOPHYLLA

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FILICES

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x

x

LABYRINTHINE A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

A16

A1 A1

A2 A2

A3 A3

A4 A4

A5 A5

A6 A6

A7 A7

A8 A8

A9 A9

A10 A10

A11 A11

A12 A12

A13 A13

A14 A14

A15 A15

A16 A16

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5 5 A17

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6 6 A18

7 7 A19

8 8 A20

9 9 A21

10 10 A22

11 11 A23

12 12 A24

13 13 A25

14 14 A26

15 15 A27

11 11 A28

17 17 A29

18 18 A30

19 19 A31

20 20 A32

A17 A17

A18 A18

A19 A19

A20 A20

A21 A21

A22 A22

A23 A23

A24 A24

A25 A25

A26 A26

A27 A27

A28 A28

A29 A29

A30 A30

A31 A31

A32 A32

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Labyrinth 01

Labyrinth 02

Labyrinth 03

Labyrinth 01 01 Labyrinth

Labyrinth 02 02 Labyrinth

Labyrinth 03 03 Labyrinth

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System Filicesofx Labyrinth Side View West Entrance Arts Pavilion

West System Entrance Filicesofx Labyrinth Arts Pavilion Top View

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Detail Resolution I Pavilion West Entrance of Arts

Detail Resolution II Pavilion West Entrance of Arts

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Storage Wall

Augmented-Reality Corridor Renovation

Academic work / 2016 Ruolin Xu, Wei Tang, Xiaodi Li, Yuchuan Zhang Shui Yu, Yuekan Yu, Mengning Zhao Instructor / Erin Besler

Corridor is not only a passage, but a room caved by other rooms, and it can only exist whenever you need it by adding a digital layer onto it. Instead of being constrained by its scale, it’s becoming an unlimited cloud storage.

With the help of the Augmented Reality technology, this storage space could be regarded as a visual and virtual extension of the originally limited space of corridor without disturbing the basic function of circulation. Pretty much like the the way we use lockers, one can be triggered off to log in his or her personal storage space by picking up a pattern riddle as a key.

To spread this idea a little bit, this storage can not only be a private archive, but also in some way serve as a community sharing, a model review or any other forms of interaction between 2D and 3D as the project goes on.

It’s quite easy to achieve a view of how a virtual 3D object looks like in reality as long as there is a working tracker. The graphic design is to tease the effect of representation based on the degree of how ideal the users want it to be. Strong contrast, complicated but not symmetric patterns always give a good resolution of recognition. So a mixture of recognizable, unrecognizable and jumping of scales patterns will be applied as a base for creative and multi-function purposes.

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HUMAN VISION

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MASHION VISION

Clear / Organized

Chaos / Complicated

Vision Chart is a good way of revealing how people tend to recognize things: highly distinct pattern like letters.

On the other hand, a machine has a contrary system of recognizing things - it needs a layer of intricate information which is usually chaos to human visions.

The idea is to make a Vision Chart for machines (mobile devices) to read and unlock a CLOUD storage for users.

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STEP 1 Install the app AUGMENT onto mobile devices

STEP 2 Scan a tracker to reveal modles*

STEP 3 Mantipulate the modle with the given drop-down menu, and the tracker will keep the modle at place

*Log in AUGMENT account to upload 3D modles and add trackers to it 66

Augment

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Arts Pavilion

An exhibition and event space

Academic work, individual/2012

I think beautiful things always are ambiguous. Maybe it is because that nothing can define them, and therefore there are no restrictions. I believe Kahn deliberately maintains a sense of mystery, saying puzzling, philosophical words, but we can’t blame him, since theories only annotate architects. It is not likely that an architect uses a serious of established process to deliberate their works, and it is neither possible for us to truly understand what they mean only by reading.

Sometimes it is intuition that leads the direction. Other than far-fetched escapism, intuition is based on plentiful experience.

Although Louis I. Kahn himself did not give a detailed analysis to his masterpieces, there are lots of coincidences in his architecture. The specific proportional relationship frequently appears, especially when you look though the whole formation. Golden Section, square root of 2(hereinafter to be referred as GS and√2)are exquisitely used to achieve his pursuing of Silence and Light, of Immutability.

This series of analysis of plans provide solid and visible method accessing to his ideology, and I use this way to instruct my design.

Arts Pavilion is a small exhibition place combined with studio and other auxiliary function. The communication flow is quite simple. What I want to express in this design is to use proportions, but not certain measurement to confirm control lines. In detail design, I still learned Kahn's way trying to create a space with silent atmosphere and poetic light.

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II.

creating a rectangle with Golden Ratio

I.

finding the golden section G point on the line

GS

GS

This diagram tells part of the formation of Indian Institute of Management, which perfectly delivers the relationship of GS and √2 using squares

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Fisher House 2x

1

1

square 2 is extended by x and add 2x to one side of square 1 x

two fixed sized squares square 2 is 45-degree angle to the square 1

2 ‚à

ö2

2

Move the rectangle AB to square 2 and extend the side of it;

A

1 B

1

A B

move x to the former line in square 2 to intersect with rectangle AB

x

2x

A

add the wall thickness to the square 2 and extend the original diagonal of square 1 to intersect with diagonal of square 2 and determine the width A

A

2

B

2

move A to square 1 and intersect the diagonal of the translated square 1 to determine the width B

GS

2

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trisect square 1 and link the diagonal of the middle rectangle segment the √2rectangle with Golden Ratio to create a new square

1

2

use the difference of two rectangles as side to create a new square and √2 rectangle

1

x

make Golden rectangle and √2rectangle from square 1

the end point of the square and diagonal determine the partial circle

Fir st Un itari an Church

The Salk Institution for Biology Studies

Indian Institute of Management

Phillips Exeter Academy

R1

R2 R2=1.618R1

R3 R3=1.618R2

R4 R4=2R1

R5 R5=√2R2

R5 R5=√2R2

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R1

80

X X

use edge length of the original square as shorter side to create Golden Rectangle use the intersect point of the former rectangle and semicircle and make vertical line create two equivalent squares between the lines and confirm the length of corridor

GS

use √2R1 as R2 to confirm the length of exterior stair

use the diagonal of the original square as radius to create the semicircle mass the vertical axis and former rectangle to confirm R1 an create new circle

R2

bisect the right interior rectangle use diagonal of the referential square as a partition and bisect the right interior rectangle

use the intersection of axis as centre and make semicircle to be tangent with spiral stair cross the intersect point of semicircle and rectangle to make vertical line as a partition

make the golden section of the diameter and use the original square to determine the centre of the spiral stair use the former rectangle to determine the radius

pan the original square with X and confirm the hall space

x x

use the vertical axis to confirm a partition

GS

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eSite of Arts PlanPavilion

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ArtsPavilion Pavilion West WestEntrance Entranceof ofArts

exhibition hall

3 st

flo

or

pla n

studio

2 st

flo o

rp lan

exhibition hall

restroom

or

pla n

storeroom office flo

kitchen

1 st

cafe

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Tanhualin Library A historic community space

Academic work, individual/2013

Tanhualin is a place where lots of literati and local authorities used to station in Wuhan.

Nowadays it becomes a small cultural industrial park with numerous past buildings on the main streets recording the social life in the period of that time. Because of these precious relics, some celebrities in Wuhan set up their studios in Tanhualin, and those landmarks, surrounded by cafes, souvenir shops attract many tourists. The whole street is filled with romantic atmosphere.

Besides it's commercial influence, Tanhualin is a historical block in a broad sense. Obviously it is not like the present blocks which conform to the principle of urban planning, and the scales of streets and buildings are more according with people living there. However, the functional imperfection caused a lack of space for reading. Therefore, the design is intended to provide a comfortable area for communicating and exchanging for the local residents.

The old buildings fit the ground well, meanwhile the historical sites are very stylized. So I use a square to respond the site which can produce a homogeneous attraction and distance from each direction, with no offence but only affinity.

For such a multi-functional architecture, the partitions of inner space are not likely to be the same. Arch Structure, not like Post-and-beam system, can make the large space purer, and it acts as beams, columns, and the ceilings at the same time. The form itself becomes a part of the experience.

Although used in many modern buildings, the metaphor and suggestion of classic forms still exist, and therefore the library can coordinate the historical background of Tanhualin.

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elimination

Santing

Boone Memorial School

Shi Ying's forme

Zhongshan road

Yanzhi Road Tanhualin

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stability

er residence

homogeneity

Rizhihui

Canossian Sisters bethel Han Embroidery shop Xu Yuanquan's former residence London Miaaion Hospital

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One-Centered Arch

Lower the center to lower the curvature

Two-Centered Arch

Draw the centres away to raise the curvature

Three-Centered Arch

Closer the two centres to lower the curvature

Lower the center to lower the curvature

Vertical: Lower the center to lower the curvature Horizontal: Draw the centres away to lower the curvature

1/4 Spring Line

1/6 Spring Line

1/8 Spring Line

According to the flexibility of Three-Centred Arches, it is proper to use them to create diffierent spans without excessively high ceilings.

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1

4 +0.000

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1 entrance 2 retrieval center 3 stack room 4 lecture Hall 5 meeting room 6 restroom 7 office 8 periodical room 9 shared space

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6 restroom 7 office 10 multimedia centre 11 book store 12 exhibition hall

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+4.200

+8.400

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6 restroom 7 office 9 shared space 12 exhibition hall 13 research room 14 readingroom

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Exhibition Center A long-span construction

Academic work, individual/2014

If we look into the history of long-span architecture, it not only exists in modern buildings, the need of large space without columns appeared long time ago. Among them, arches have played an important role. Although nowadays high-tech structures such as Shell Structure, or Membrane Structure become a more creative solution to long-span space, Arch Structure is still an appealing answer, for it's stable loading mode and it's classic form.

To resist strong side thrust, Arch Structure needs forceful edging frame, and it is usually achieved by widening the frame. Actually if we are given the same quantity of material, the strength and stiffness of them are defined by the form. So the question is if there is possible for us to change the form of traditional arch to improve its physical property and to save the amount of raw material.

If we constantly enlarge the curvature of a curve, the outcome seems like two lines meet on a point, and we get the Folded Plate Structure. Therefore, we can conclude that folded-plate structure is the ultimate state of arch, in which the strength and stiffness of the structure are enhanced remarkably, so I intentionally bend the control lines of the folded-plate to follow the advantages of arch structure, and finally, we obtain the new structure, Folded Arch, it not only performs as roof structure, but also as maintenance structure bearing pressure from above.

In this design, I utilized origami to do experiments, and they helped me to understand the spatial structure. What's more, I totally enjoyed doing it, so I recorded the process of making origami.

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II.Folded Plate Structure I.Arch Structure

I.Arch Structure

The Folded Plate Structure can be seen as an ultimate state of the original Arch Structure when we constently increase the slope of the original Arch Structure

Classic Form: Folded Plate Structure and Arch Structure

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II.Folded plate Structure

New Form: Folded Arch Structure

Column

Folded Plate Structure

Rooftop

Folded Plate Structure

Column

long-span constructure outline

Arch-like Structure

Folded Plate Structure

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9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

6.80

6.80

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00 3.11 2.78 3.11

9.00

9.00

18.00

3.05 2.95 3.00 3.11 2.78 3.11

9.00

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

9.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00

9.00

9.00

6.80

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00 3.11 2.78 3.11

9.00

18.00

9.00

14.850

9.00

9.900

6.80

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

±0.000 -1.500 -4.950

9.00

9.00

4.950

104

9.00

9.

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

6.80

6.80

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

6.80

6.80

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00 3.11 2.78 3.11

9.00

9.00

18.00

9.00

2.69 3.66 2.65

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.36 2.95 2.69

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.69 2.95 3.36

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

2.65 3.66 2.69

9.00

18.00

6.80

2.20 3.00 2.95 3.05

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

9.00

3.05 2.95 3.00

9.00

9.00

18.00

40.900

7.425 2.475 -2.475

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glass skylight folded-plate roof

steel beam structure under plate secondary structure main structure

inside folded-plate skin inside folded-plate structure

main hall

convention space exhibition hall

CE HI BI TI ON CO M

PL

EX

EX

M

EE

TI

NT

NG

ER

CE NT ER

AN TR EN

louver damper

CE HA

LL

undergroun garage

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Urban Design Caidian satellite city planning

Academic work, teamwork/2014

The Park City movement is an urban planning method that was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. It was composed of a core area, axis and several circle areas. Greenland, offices, commercial district and residents are arranged embracing the core area while factories are located outside the urban areas. This utopian pattern is practically followed by many urban design works. However, big cities are confronting with serious problems brought by this theory including overpopulated, less efficiency and unsustainability. Caidian, as the satellite city of Wuhan, is spontaneously developed currently and less regulated because of the population growth and urbanism.

Since the classical Park City theory is not applicable to current developments, a practical evolution in which single core is transformed into multiple ones could be reasonably used to design the Caidian satellite city. By disassembling and recombination, functional areas are well organized with better circulation system, more public spaces and more appealing cultural facilities. In this way, the reassembled Park City could be sustainable and livable.

In design process, the concept of Loop and Axis is emphasized to reflect basic strategy of Park City Theory. Park, commercial streets and residents are arranged accordingly. Multiple park system is created including central park and ceiling garden. Hybrid residential pattern could meet demands of most local people. Also, SOHO and motel could attract more people around to come for holidays, for a commodious living space and comfortable environment is created.

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Freight and Passenger Volume in Major Years Data from Caidian Almanac, 2013, Wuhan Publishing House

31.4

kTon/yr

150.0

44.1

90.0

110.0 54.6

kPT/yr

29.3

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

Research: Freight and Passenger Volume in Major Years In the 80s-90s, effected by the Policy of Reform and Opening Up, the freight and passenger volume of Caidian Port have been quickly improved. While going into the late 20s, confronted with other supported methods of transport, Caidian Port went through a series of challenges. According to the almanac and government's plan, now the port steps into the life of Caidian residents again, and there will be a constantly need of Caidian Port.

Axial Development

Cutural Corridor Commercial Street Port Industry

Zoning Port History

Port Factory

Active Waterfront

Community

Freight Terminal Caidian Port Renovation

Site Analysis

Isolated Path Less Public Spaces

Circulation System

Commercial Functional Improvement

New Port City

Signtseeing

Cultural Logistic Transportation

Chaotic Zoning

Residents

Renovation

Condition

Ferry Hub Waterfront Park

Livable Community

Massing

Diserted Factory Existed Ferry

Concept/ Strategy

Design Process Program

Prototype

Benenfit Organization

Framework: Strategies to Renovate From the current condition and history, the potential of Caidian to be a port city is so evident that several strategies are put forward to trigger the new development of this area.

The design is targeted to create an efficient transportation and logistics industry, a culture park as well as livable communities.

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Primary road network

River connection

Secondary roads

Existing roads

Bus transit

Water taxi / ferry

Location: Satellite City of Wuhan Located alongside the Hanjiang River, Caidian plays an important role in manufacturing and transportation. With the expansion of Wuhan, Caidian will be developed in a faster speed in 20 years.

Custom Office Residential Committee

Driving School

Market

Primary School

Kindergarten Movie Theater Museum

Bank

TEXTURE RIVERBANK PARK

Market

Supermarket

MASTER PLAN AREA 58hm²

Labor Union

MAINROAD SUBROAD

CAIDIAN

Police Station

Hospital

Residential Committee

Ferry Terminal

HANJIANG RIVER

LIANHUA LAKE

Commercial Residential

Commercial

Residential

Residential

Riverbank Park

Public Square Education

Culture

Culture

Office

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial Office Logistic

Logistic

Logistic

Logistic

Commercial

Harbor

GREEN COVER

Site Analysis and Zoning At present, the site was crowded with self-constructed buildings without plan and organization. Although near the Caidian river park, there isn't much public spaces and facilities. The new port should be developed in 3 main distinguishable zones including logistics, cultures and living area. Based on the zoning strategies, a detailed block division is created to define the various kinds of use.

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Primary road network

River connection

Secondary roads

Existing roads

Bus transit

Water taxi / ferry

Road System and Transportation: Layered Circulation The roads are connected with other main road to connect Caidian with other parts of Wuhan. For cargos, circulations are directly connected to the Freight Terminal. For visitors and residents, cultural skywalk is designed for sightseeing. Also, the ferry hub provides people with possible waterway transportation.

Logistic/Storage Parking

Logistic/Storage Office Parking

Culture Mix use Office Commercial Culture Hotel Mix use Apartment Office

Logistic/Storage Parking

Logistic/Storage Office Parking

Commercial Hotel Apartment

Office Commercial

Apartment Commercial

Office Commercial

Apartment Commercial

Culture Skycraper/Mix use Hotel Commercial Culture Skycraper/Mix use Hotel Commercial

nk Park

Public Square

Commercial

ercial

Commercial

Commercial

Logistic

e

Logistic

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Harbor

Block Prototypes: Mixability Blocks are varied according to function. Different masses are combined in every block to adapt to mono or hybrid use. Especially, the cultural and commercial blocks are the most diverse two types with the high level of mixability.

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Residential

Retail

Industrial / Warehouse

Cultural / Education

Office

Hotel

Administration

Port / Logistics

Function: Diverse Use of Buildings The functions diverse in buildings reflect the complexity of the whole site. With the integration of all functional buildings, more possibilities are provided to users.

Section Perspective: Dynamic Waterfront and Skyline The waterfront is design in different ways. Slope and green land are embedded into the riverbank park for entertainments and cycling exercise. Ferry hub extends over the riverbank and the dock basin is created to increase the capacity of terminal in cargo transportation.

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Freight Terminal Commercial/Office/Hotel Old Factories Logistics/Storage Ferry Hub Landmark Caidian Museum Residentail Community

Walking Circulation Automobile Circulation Cargo Circulation Cultural Axis Commercial Axis

Harbor

Riverbank Park

Green Space

Explode Diagram

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Sculpture - G 122

Graffiti Bridge 123

Ruoli

Room 612, Dorm1 Engineering Department, W

TEL +8618

Email xuruolin

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in Xu

Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, China 430072

8707196736

n92@gmail.com

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