NIPSA Global Solidarity September 2015

September 2015

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

TTIP Why Europe must say NO!

Tools for Solidarity Latest shipment arrives at ASTC in Jinja

Children in the Firing Line

Psycho-social support to Gaza’s young people

Help at the end of the road

Rebuilding lives torn apart by conflict in South Sudan

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Chairperson’s Foreword

It is a privilege to introduce this edition of the Global Solidarity Newsletter. 2015 has been a very active year for the Global Solidarity Committee and in these pages you will read about some of the projects your donations have funded. Remember, every penny that we receive goes directly to the Developing World Fund and is spent on sustainable projects aimed at improving the life conditions of people in impoverished countries and to help them achieve selfsufficiency, we do not spend any money on administration costs. A prime example is our Tools for Solidarity project and in this issue Stephen Woods reports on its progress. Also Stephen McCloskey from the Centre for Global Education provides an update on our project providing psycho-social support to children in Gaza and the challenges faced following last year’s brutal assault by Israel.

As well as administering the Developing World Fund we campaign on international issues and this year has been dominated

by TTIP. We have come a long way, it’s little over a year since the secret TTIP negotiations were leaked by the German Green Party and as I write 2,645,500 people across Europe have signed the European Citizens’ Initiative petition. In Northern Ireland NIPSA members have been at the forefront of this fight. Many of those who attended our awareness event in January and heard the talk by John Hilary went on to actively campaign and on behalf of the committee I would like to thank everyone who wrote to MLA’s and MEP’s. The pressure is working and the replies I have read confirm this. In recent months TTIP has moved into a new stage and Ruaidhrí Ó Sándair reports on developments in the European Parliament.

Ian Boersma Chairperson

NIPSA Global Solidarity Committee

Views expressed in this Newsletter are not, unless otherwise stated, the views of NIPSA.

September 2015

Tools for Solidarity

by Stephen Woods

Update on the artisans support and training centre in Jinja The artisan and trade-persons income generation support programme is a project developed by TFS in partnership with Women Rights Initiative (WORI), a grassroot organisation based in Jinja, Uganda.

The three year project, funded by NIPSA and Irish Aid, seeks to support artisans in their income generating activities by supplying them with high quality tools and sewing machines together with training. Tools and training are available for artisans through a centre, the Artisans Support and Training Centre (ASTC), established in Jinja.

Between September and December 2014, TFS welcomed to Belfast Mr. Simon Koma the senior workshop mechanic responsible for the tool refurbishment and the provision of training to artisans at the tool centre in Jinja. Simon spent three months in Northern Ireland to receive training in tool refurbishment by TFS personnel.

Meanwhile, TFS volunteers prepared and checked tools and sewing machines for the first shipment to the project. The first container to Jinja left Belfast in November with 57 sewing machines, 6,000 tools and equipment for the centre. After nearly a three month journey it reached its destination in the first week of February.

Two personnel from TFS travelled to Jinja at the end of January to assist in developing the capacity of our partner to operate the project. This involved additional tool training, training a sewing machine mechanic and working with management on marketing, logistics, assessment/selection and monitoring. Developing WORI’s capacity is crucial to the success of the project so TFS spent three months in Jinja working with staff and WORI to this end.

 

 

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Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

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All the way from Belfast to Jinja, Uganda

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September 2015

Despite delays in the construction of the workshop and in the clearance process, by middle of April all sewing machines had been refurbished and treadles assembled and ready to be allocated to successful applicants.

John Woods, Tools for Solidarity, Simon Koma, Senior Mechanic and staff of the Artisans Support and Training Centre, Jinja.

Promotion of the programme and the generation of demand was progressing slowly. Increasing the profile, awareness and the demand for the project meant a change of strategy in approaching artisans, particularly male dominated trades. This has been achieved by widening the project area and by targeting of Vocational Training Colleges (VTCs) where young men learn their trade.

The idea came to design smaller version of the standard tool kits and approach senior students finishing their studies and entering the job market. These kits have also been used during visits to artisans in districts and trade fairs. They have been extremely useful in demonstrating the resources available. All have been impressed by the quality of the tools and feedback has been very positive.

At the end of August, ASTC has provided over 70% of the sewing machines and around 1,000 tools for year 1 in only three and an half months.

Just some of the sewing machines supplied by the NIPSA funded project, implemented by Tools for Solidarity and Women Rights Initiative Uganda.

Despite its slow start ASTC is progressing in generating interest in its programme.

Demand for high quality tools and sewing machines is high among the artisan sector.

However the lack of a formal artisan network makes it difficult to reach rural areas where artisans are most in need of tools and sewing machines. Creating a network and spreading the word about the project is crucial for its future development and this will require time.

At the beginning of September, TFS personnel will travel to Jinja for a monitoring visit to the project. The aim is to assess the progress made in the programme so far and to discuss next steps for year two.

Once again, this project wouldn’t have been possible without NIPSA for its support during the years Tools for Solidarity is very grateful.

Recipients of the ASTC scheme receive sewing machines.

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

Children in the Firing Line

by Stephen McCloskey, Director, Centre for Global Education

NIPSA-funded Project provides psycho-social support to Gaza’s young people Time has stood still in Gaza over the past year. Since the end of Israel’s third war on the territory in six years – dubbed Operation ‘Protective Edge’ – not one of the 12,400 housing units destroyed in the conflict have been rebuilt. In a 51 day onslaught from the air, sea and ground last summer, 2,131 Palestinians were killed, of whom 1,473 were civilians, 501 were children and 257 women. On the Israeli side, 71 were killed; 66 soldiers and five civilians. In the aftermath of the conflict, a ceasefire was promised and $3.5bn pledged in aid to rebuild Gaza’s civilian and commercial infrastructure. One year on, just over a quarter of this money has been released and, according to aid agencies, ‘little tangible change has taken place on the ground in Gaza’ as ‘living conditions for women, girls, men and boys continues to worsen’.

Gaza is a tiny strip of land with an area of 360 sq km that is home to nearly 2 million Palestinians, most whom are refugees dispossessed of their land in the 1948 ‘Nakba’ (Catastrophe) when an estimated 700,000 people were forced from their homes at the founding of the Israeli state. An already desperately poor region has been driven to the point of economic collapse by a medieval-like siege imposed

by Israel since 2007. Although ostensibly imposed in response to the election of a Hamas government in 2006, the siege has effectively represented an act of collective punishment on the entire Gaza population denying ordinary citizens the most fundamental of rights including: freedom of movement; the right to worship; the right to work; the right to adequate food and clean water; decent housing and education; and, perhaps, most fundamentally of all, the right to security and right to life.

Highest unemployment rate in the world

The World Bank has found Gaza to have the highest unemployment rate in the world at 43 percent with this figure soaring to 60 percent among young people. This is a direct consequence of the Gaza

economy shrinking over the eight years since the imposition of the siege with the World Bank estimating real per capita income to be 31 percent lower today than in 1994. Because of border closures imposed by the siege, Gaza struggles to export products and its manufacturing sector has declined by as much as 60 percent. As Steen Lau Jorgensen, the World Bank Country Director for West Bank and Gaza suggests: ‘The (Gaza) economy cannot survive without being connected to the outside world’. With exports, growth and jobs being choked off by the siege, an estimated 80 percent of Gaza’s population ‘receives some kind of social assistance, and nearly 40 percent of them still fall below the poverty line’. More than ‘70 percent of the population is food insecure or vulnerable to food insecurity’ as 90 percent of factories and workshops have been forced to close since 2007.

Israel’s wars are compounding the crisis

The social costs of this man-made economic crisis are hard enough to bear but are compounded by the effects of three Israeli wars with Operation ‘Protective Edge’, following ‘Pillar of Cloud’ (2012) and ‘Cast Lead’ (2008-09). However, last summer’s 51 day operation ‘inflicted unprecedented destruction and human suffering in Gaza’, according to aid agencies operating on the ground, given the loss of life and high number of civilian targets destroyed. The scale of devastation is evident from the civilian infrastructure targeted by the Israeli military that included: 14 health facilities destroyed including one hospital; 45 ambulances destroyed or damaged; eight schools destroyed and 250 damaged; the primary fuel tank of the Gaza Power Plant destroyed; 30 percent of agricultural land damaged; 128 businesses and workshops destroyed and 419 damaged; and 100,000 people rendered homeless by the destruction of 12,400 homes. The homeless have mostly taken refuge in schools and temporary shelters as the siege continues to deny Gaza the construction materials it needs to rebuild.

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September 2015

An estimated 60-90 million litres of untreated or partially treated sewage is dumped into Gaza’s sea every day which has rendered 90 percent of Gaza’s water supply unfit for drinking. Children’s education, too, has been deeply impacted by the recent war and ongoing siege with 245 schools serving 225,000 students. The lack of school buildings requires that 94 percent of schools have to double-shift meaning that the same building is used by two separate ‘schools’ in the morning and afternoon. But, perhaps, the severest impact of the conflict has been on the psychological wellbeing of children in Gaza. A child aged six has experienced three wars in their short lives in addition to the constant anxiety of ongoing attacks and aggression, particularly in perimeter areas close to the Israeli military.

Young boys drawing a wall mural in Khan Yunis Meanwhile, last summer’s war continues to claim victims as ‘Explosive Remnants of War’ (ERWs) buried in debris killed 10 and injured 36 people by April 2015.

And, the ceasefire agreed last August has quickly evaporated as Gaza is regularly subjected to a range of human rights abuses, particularly in buffer zones close to the Israeli military, and at sea. According to the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights, in July 2015 alone, Gaza was subject to 27 attacks including shelling, shooting, incursions and detentions. The fishing industry in Gaza has been decimated because fishermen have to operate within an arbitrary limit of six nautical miles from shore which has severely depleted fish stocks. Moreover, fishermen have been subjected to regular attacks within the nautical limit with ten separate shooting incidents recorded in June 2015 alone.

Children in the firing line

But Gaza’s children have, perhaps, been the most vulnerable to Israel’s siege and wars. Save the Children has documented the long-term health problems for children created by the siege including: malnutrition and stunting among 10 percent of children under five; anaemia affecting nearly 60 percent of school children caused by iron deficiency; and sanitation related diseases such as typhoid and diarrhoea caused by a heavily polluted water supply.

In the immediate aftermath of last summer’s war, the United Nations (UN) declared that 370,000 children in Gaza were in need of ‘immediate psychosocial first aid’ as a first step toward recovery from last summer’s conflict. The psychological effects of grinding poverty and conflict are manifold and include: constant fear and tension; nightmares and sleep disturbance; bedwetting; behavioural change which can range from aggression to becoming withdrawn; decreased appetite and weight; and a lack of interest in oneself and others. In a project supported by NIPSA’s Developing World Fund, the Centre for Global Education, a Belfast-based non-governmental organisation (NGO), has been providing psycho-social care and supplementary education services to children in Gaza.

Psycho-social support funded by NIPSA

The Centre’s project was delivered between January and June 2015 and provided psycho-social support services to 300 young people aged 7 to 12 in three locations in Gaza: Bureij (central Gaza), Beit Lahia (northern Gaza), and Khan Yunis (southern Gaza).

Delivered in partnership with a Palestinian NGO called the Canaan Institute, the project enabled children to express and discuss the psychological issues they were experiencing through educational and cultural activities such as role play, art, theatre and workshops. It also provided one-to-one sessions with trained psychotherapists experienced in child trauma cases and the psychological effects of conflict. The activities were delivered in community centres in each location and the children enrolled on the project were manifesting particularly acute forms of trauma. The project methodology involved the Canaan Institute delivering intensive training in active learning education methodologies

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

to three facilitators in each community centre.

The facilitators then worked directly with the children on a range of therapeutic activities that balanced learning, play and psycho-social support.

The facilitators liaised with teachers in local schools to ensure that the project’s education activities reinforced curriculum learning and, therefore, contributed to the school performance of children.

An important added dimension of the project was the facilitation of family workshops with parents of the children that aimed to help extend the provision of psycho-social support in the household. Many parents struggle to manage children subject to stress and trauma and so the assistance provided by the community centres and schools is invaluable.

The workshops helped to explain changes in child behaviour and how parental care can reinforce the support received through the project.

The project culminated with Celebration Days in each centre in which the children showcased the outcomes of their participation in the learning activities. The arts and crafts, literacy and numeracy work undertaken in the workshops were put on display to be shared with parents and members of the local community. The Celebration Days included performances of traditional song and dance, and role plays created by the children with the help of their facilitators. They represented a joyous conclusion to their activities. The children, facilitators, parents and community workers were all deeply appreciative of the support provided by NIPSA and hope for continued partnership going forward.

A young boy takes part in a workshop on parts of the body during project activities.

They also call for our agency and solidarity in demanding an end to the Israeli blockade of Gaza which has so cruelly blighted the lives of children and imposed a collective punishment on the entire population. Gaza’s economy is teetering on the brink of collapse and the social conditions are rapidly deteriorating in a wider context of ongoing Israeli human rights abuses. In summarising the situation in Gaza since last summer’s war, Winnie Byanyima, executive director of Oxfam, said: “There has been little rebuilding, no permanent ceasefire agreement and no plan to end the blockade. The international community is walking with eyes wide open into the next avoidable conflict, by upholding the status quo they themselves said must change” (Aljazeera, 12 April 2015).

We can’t allow this scenario to unfold and must make every effort to ensure that the blockade is lifted without delay to prevent the prospect of yet another war descending upon the beleaguered people of Gaza.

The latest report from this NIPSA supported project is now available from the NIPSA website. http://tinyurl.com/CGE-Report

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Help at the end of the road: rebuilding lives torn apart by conflict in South Sudan

Debora walked 350 miles from her home in South Sudan to a refugee settlement in Uganda

Š Alexia Webster 2015

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September 2015

The relief on Debora Adum’s face is clear to see as she sits in the shade of a tree on a refugee settlement in northern Uganda.

“I was so glad not to hear gunshots at night, to be able to sleep in silence once more,” she says.

It had taken Debora and her four young children two months to make their journey to freedom from war-torn South Sudan - a perilous 350-mile trip by foot from a village in Jonglei State, carrying her new-born daughter on her back each step of the way.

“We had nothing with us because we left in a hurry and had no time to prepare. We survived on wild leaves.

I went for ten days without eating anything.”

Debora is one of tens of thousands of refugees who have fled violent conflict in South Sudan and sought sanctuary in neighbouring Uganda in settlements like Mongula near Adjumani - home to more than 5,000 refugees, most of whom began arriving at the start of last year. Each family occupies a small plot of land - with enough room for a temporary dwelling and space to cultivate some maize, okra and pumpkin.

Life in the settlement at Mongula is by no means easy. Not only has the journey taken its toll on their health, a lack of resources and limited monthly food rations of beans, sugar, oil and milled cereal, make an already desperate situation worse for many refugees. The youngest and most vulnerable suffer the most - with undernutrition the biggest threat to survival. © Alexia Webster 2015

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© Alexia Webster 2015

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

Concern staff carry out monthly screenings of hundreds of children to spot the early signs of malnutrition Since early last year, international humanitarian organisation Concern Worldwide, working in partnership with UNICEF, has been tackling the issue head on. They have been supporting childhood nutrition and feeding programmes in over 70 health clinics in Adjumani and three other districts, reaching tens of thousands of people.

Debora’s youngest child was one of those affected. 18-month-old Nyibol was diagnosed as being underweight and chronically undernourished.

Concern’s nutrition staff put her on a feeding programme and began treatment immediately. After six weeks of close monitoring and receiving ready-to-use therapeutic food, she had fully recovered.

“I’m very happy, because Nyibol’s health has improved - she’s much better now. I have no other means of help, so if Concern hadn’t been there, the child could have died. They rescued her,” says Debora. © Alexia Webster 2015

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Already, the results of the nutrition programme are promising. In a short space of time, the level of malnutrition among refugee children under five has halved - helping to save lives and making sure that children can develop properly both physically and mentally.

“It’s a great achievement,” says Benedict Nsana, who manages the Concern programme in Adjumani.

September 2015

Our focus now is on prevention. … If they can grow their own food and enjoy a balanced diet, the rates of malnutrition will eventually reduce to zero.”

The level of malnutrition among refugee children under five has halved

© Alexia Webster 2015

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

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© Alexia Webster 2015

That success is mainly down to the monthly screenings of hundreds of children to spot the early signs of malnutrition - and offering advice to mothers about the best foods for their children’s development.

“We show them how to cook and carry out good feeding practices. They quickly come on board and start to accept what we’re doing. But it’s a gradual process,” says Benedict.

“Our focus now is on prevention. We don’t want them to rely on food distributions alone. If they can grow

their own food and enjoy a balanced diet, the rates of malnutrition will eventually reduce to zero.”

While life in the settlement is undeniably difficult, Debora is grateful for the support she received at a time when her daughter’s health was critical - fulfilling her expectation of finding help in another place, far from her troubled home in South Sudan. “What was in our minds when we started the journey? We were afraid of dying. But we knew that there would be people to help us at the end of the road.”

© Alexia Webster 2015

This autumn, NIPSA members can help mothers like Debora recover from emergencies and disasters around the world by supporting Concern’s Comeback from Crisis appeal.

Your support will enable struggling communities to rebuild their lives after surviving crises such as the brutal conflict in South Sudan, the Nepal earthquake or the devastation caused by Ebola in Sierra Leone.

Your donation will be matched pound for pound by the UK government and will have twice the impact. There’s never been a better time to give your support.

For more info or to donate:

www.concern.net/nipsa

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September 2015

TTIP, An Affront to De

by Ruaidhrí Ó Sándair, NIPSA Global Solidarity Committee

“Any agreement negotiated behind the backs of citizens but in close co Motion 42 at the 2015 ICTU Biennial Delegate Conference in Ennis as amended by Belfast & District Trades Council, called for the Transatlantic, Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) to be halted and for ICTU to adopt a position of outright opposition to TTIP and other trade agreements currently being negotiated. The motion was unanimously passed by delegates.

The day before Congress debated Motion 42, the European Parliament voted on the proposed amendment to TTIP which was postponed from the June plenary session. The official reason given for the postponement in June was that there were too many amendments to go through and it was too complex. However; it is widely accepted that the real reason for this was increased tensions within parliament’s Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) group. In reality it was not certain that the vote would pass due to concerns around the Investor State Dispute Settlement mechanism.

The vote was moved to try to ensure success in July.

The European Parliament by its very nature regularly discusses complex proposals. Their systems were fit to cope with TTIP in June.

What changed between June and July?

Opposition crystalized around the issue of Investor State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) which allows companies to challenge how states implement the trade deal and enable corporations to sue governments for if they think a policy might harm their profits. After months of fierce battles and lobbying on both sides, the most controversial clause of the treaty, the ISDS, remains in limbo. The push to explicitly remove references to ISDS in TTIP was unsuccessful. It was widely speculated that these cases would be held in secret. For many this was seen as undemocratic and for many it still is even in its’ amended form. The following recommendations went through by a vote of 436 (339 required to pass) votes for, 241 against and 32 abstentions. ●● ensure that foreign investors are treated in a non-discriminatory fashion, while benefiting from no greater rights than domestic investors, and

●● replace the ISDS system with a new system in which investor-state disputes are dealt with “by publicly appointed, independent professional judges in public hearings and which includes an appellate mechanism, where consistency of judicial decisions is ensured, the jurisdiction of courts of the EU and of the Member States is respected, and where private interests cannot undermine public policy objectives.”

The support of the Socialist & Democrats was vital

in passing this stage through the EP with 116 voting for, 56 defying the whip and voting against plus 9 abstentions. The right wing ENF joined with the left Greens / EFA and GUE / NGR in opposing the change with 0 in these groups voting for the amendments, although ENF had very different reasons for doing no.

Over half of UK MEPs had committed to voting against TTIP unless the worst bits including ISDS were taken out. That includes all Labour (bar 1), UKIP, Green, SNP and Plaid Cymru MEPs. Labour have however stated that they are broadly in favour of TTIP but were unable to support the amendment as the one excluding ISDS from TTIP did not go before parliament.

These changes to ISDS have been claimed as some sort of victory against the controversial ISDS with some saying it now ensures the openness and transparency that was previously lacking and everything that is wrong with TTIP is now resolved.

Is this the reality?

It is true that this version of ISDS (ISDS-Lite as it is now being referred to) is more palatable than the original version, which led to 140,000 critical submissions to the European Commission consultation, over 2.25 million signatures on a European Citizens’ Initiative, and opposition from trade unions, consumer groups and environmentalists. But it leaves intact the idea that foreign investors should get a privileged route to massive compensation payments when democratically-elected governments do something that could be argued in court affects the

Promoting Solidarity, Equality and Social Justice

emocracy

ooperation with transnational corporations is an affront to democracy” (GUE/NGL) profits of a multinational enterprise. An example of this is the still undecided Philip Morris case, suing the Australian government for introducing plain packaging. ISDS-Lite would do nothing to prevent this happening in Europe.

Whilst many believe the NHS will be excluded from any agreement, this is not the case and American companies are chomping at the bit to get their feet in the door. Not to mention education, water and fracking.

In addition, any form of disputes settlement for investors will mean governments will not return any privatised / part privatised functions such as health, water, education or transport back into public ownership again. Furthermore, it will be the courts as usual who will decide and we will have lost any say in how these services are run once implemented.

Corporate lawyers will have a field day suing governments for all manner of things.

It is true we have achieved a lot, although much more needs to be done to completely defeat TTIP. There are clearly strong opinions on TTIP in the EP. The lobbying both for and against has been phenomenal with MEP’s not having received as much correspondence about any previous issue. We must harness this and encourage others that this trade deal has nothing to do with breaking down barriers and everything to do with giving multi-national corporations more control over our lives all in the name of profit. TTIP is the most ambitious trade agreement ever attempted.

If it succeeds, it would cover over a third of global trade and investment by linking the EU and the US in a common market of 820 million consumers.

So what next?

At NIPSA Annual Delegate Conference in May, delegates also passed a number of motions against TTIP. NIPSA members have also been busy contacting their MEP’s and MP’s on the issue urging them to vote against TTIP. Unfortunately 2 of our 3 Northern Ireland MEP’s voted for the amendment. Irish MEP’s were split down the middle with 4 for, 4 against and 1 abstention. But all is not lost, it is inconceivable that TTIP will be finalised during this administration. We must keep the pressure on our elected representatives and make this the issue on this parliament and for anybody standing for the next.

We need to remind them that TTIP is not just about securing ISDS-Lite and everything will be rosy in the garden. Our agriculture industry will be decimated with cheap hormone fed American cows and pigs vying for a place on our dinner tables. They will sit nicely alongside chlorine washed chickens plus numerous other chemically laden foodstuffs currently banned in the EU. Displacement of workers will mean that the work goes to the cheapest bidder or the cheapest state..

Almost half of American states are now “Right to Work” states which don’t recognise Trade Unions.

These states have lower wages, worse health and safety conditions with workers less likely to have health insurance. Is this what we want for our futures and that of our children?

A European wide day of action against TTIP is scheduled to take on Saturday 10 October 2015.

NIPSA will be playing its’ part, will you?

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