HEALTH_Vol34No1_11

§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õߪ√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π œ

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§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õߪ√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ” ®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕÕ”‡¿ÕªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß ªÿ≠≠æ—≤πå ‰™¬‡¡≈å Ph.D. ¡‡°’¬√µ‘¬» «√‡¥™ M.P.H. ∏π“«—≤πå √—°°¡≈ M.Sc. §≥–«‘∑¬“°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–°“√°’Ó ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∑—°…‘≥ «‘∑¬“‡¢µæ—∑≈ÿß

∫∑§—¥¬àÕ °“√»÷°…“¿“§µ—¥¢«“ß (Cross-sectional Study) §√—Èßπ’È¡’«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧå‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õß ª√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿ∫à “â π ‡∑»∫“≈µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß ®”π«π 5 À¡Ÿà∫â“π ¡’°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß®”π«π 115 §π‚¥¬∑”°“√ ”√«®‚¥¬„™â·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡√–À«à“߇¥◊Õπ¡°√“§¡ °ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2552 ∑”°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â«¬ ∂‘µ‘‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Descriptive statistics) æ∫«à“ °≈ÿà¡ µ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ‡æ»À≠‘ß (75.7%) ¡’ ∂“π–¿“æ ¡√ (92.2%) ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’懰…µ√°√√¡ (93.0%) ¡’√–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“™—Èπª√–∂¡»÷°…“ (66.1%) 惵‘°√√¡°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à‡≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“ ”À√—∫°“√Õÿª‚¿§ (89.6%) °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ (40.0%) ·≈–¡’‡æ’¬ß à«ππâÕ¬‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’ˇ≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“ ”À√—∫°“√¥◊Ë¡ (6.1%) ®“°º≈°“√ ”√«®√–¥—∫§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„® §«“¡µâÕß°“√ ·≈–√–¥—∫ªí≠À“®“°°“√„™âπÈ” ª√–ª“ æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à¡’§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (χ= 3.39, SD = 0.48) ¡’§«“¡µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ” ª√–ª“„π√–¥—∫¡“° (χ= 3.98, SD = 0.58) ·≈–ªí≠À“¢Õß°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (χ= 2.65, SD = 0.45) ®“°º≈°“√»÷°…“¥—ß°≈à“«§«√¡’°“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√¥Ÿ·≈√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“πÕ¬à“߇ªìπ√–∫∫·≈– µàÕ‡π◊ËÕß ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–§ß‰«â´÷Ëß√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√¢ÕßπÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π µ≈Õ¥®π‡æ◊ËÕ∑’Ë®–≈¥Õ—µ√“Õÿ∫—µ‘ °“√≥å¢Õß‚√§∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°πÈ”‡ªìπ ◊ËÕ‰¥â

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH J a n u a ry - M a r c h 2011

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Satisfaction of Water Supply for Consumption and Using among People in Lankoi Sub-district, Papayom District, Pattalung Province Bhunyabhadh Chaimay PhD. Somkiattiyos Woradet MPH. Tanawat Rakkamon MSc. Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Thaksin University, Pattalung Campus,

Abstract This cross-sectional study was to explore the satisfaction of water supply consumption and using among people residing in Lankoi Sub-district, Papayom District, Pattalung Province. The 115 people were purposively sampling from five villages of Lankoi Sub-district during January to February, 2009. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. The findings showed that the sample were mostly female (75.7%), married (92.2%), worked in agriculture (93.0%) and had primary education (66.1%). Regarding water supply consumption and use, it was found that most people used the water supply system (89.6%). Some selected the water for consumption such as drinking (6.1%) and food preparation (40.0%). The result of water supply satisfaction survey revealed the moderate level in overall satisfaction (χ= 3.39, SD = 0.48) including quality, quantity and service. The level of needs in water supply was high (χ= 3.98, SD = 0.58). In addition, level of problem was moderate (χ= 2.65, SD = 0.45). The study suggested that water supply system should be systematically, continuously and appropriately managed in several aspects including quality, quantity and service. Furthermore, the quality of water supply needed to be maintained in order to decrease the incidence of water borne diseases.

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∫∑π” πÈ” ‡ªì π ªí ® ®— ¬ ”§— ≠ µà Õ °“√¥”√ß™’ æ ¢Õß ¡πÿ…¬å ·µàªí®®ÿ∫—πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬¬—ßµâÕ߇º™‘≠°—∫ ‚√§∑’‡Ë °‘¥®“°πÈ”‡ªìπ ◊ÕË (Water borne diseases) ´÷Ëß¡’º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ ÿ¢¿“æÕπ“¡—¬¢Õߪ√–™“™π ‡»√…∞°‘®°“√ àßÕÕ°·≈–°“√∑àÕ߇∑’¬Ë «¢Õߪ√–‡∑» ªí®®ÿ∫—π∑—Ë«‚≈°ª√–¡“≥ 1 „π 5 ¡’ “‡Àµÿ°“√µ“®“°‚√§µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ∑’‡Ë °‘¥®“°πÈ”·≈–°“√ ÿ¢“¿‘∫“≈ ·≈– „π®”π«ππ’È¡’®”π«πºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ¡“°∂÷ß 3.4 ≈â“π §πµàÕªï ´÷Ëߪ√–¡“≥ 2 „π 3 ¢ÕߺŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘µ‡°‘¥ ®“°‚√§Õÿ®®“√–√à«ßª√–¡“≥ 2.2 ≈â“π§πµàÕªï ·≈– à«π„À≠à‡°‘¥¢÷πÈ °—∫‡¥Á°„πª√–‡∑»°”≈—ßæ—≤π“(1) ´÷ßË „πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬‚¥¬°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ ¢ °√¡ §«∫§ÿ¡‚√§µ‘¥µàÕ‰¥âµ√–Àπ—°∂÷ߧ«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß ªí≠À“¥—ß°≈à“«¡“‚¥¬µ≈Õ¥ ®“°√“¬ß“π¢Õß°Õß √–∫“¥«‘∑¬“„πªï 2539 æ∫«à“ ¡’ºŸâªÉ«¬¥â«¬‚√§ Õÿ ® ®“√–√à « ß §‘ ¥ ‡ªì π Õ— µ √“ªÉ « ¬ 136.87 µà Õ ª√–™“°√· π§π ·≈–¡’·π«‚π⡇æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷Èπ∑ÿ°ªï(2) ∂÷ß·¡â«à“‚√§¢Õß√–∫∫∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√¡’Õ—µ√“°“√ ªÉ«¬≈¥≈ß®“°ªï æ.». 2534 - 2549 ≈߇À≈◊Õ ª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– 15.4 - 9.4 µ“¡≈”¥—∫ Õ¬à“߉√ °Áµ“¡Õ—µ√“Õÿ∫—µ‘°“√≥å¢Õß°“√‡°‘¥‚√§Õÿ®®“√–√à«ß „π‡¥Á°Õ“¬ÿµË”°«à“ 5 ªï ¬—ߧ߇æ‘Ë¡ Ÿß¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ßµàÕ ‡π◊ËÕß(3) æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∫â“π∂È”≈“ µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“ æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß µ—Èß·µàªï 2548 ∂÷ß 2550 ¡’ ·π«‚πâ ¡ ¢Õß®”π«π¢Õߪ√–™“°√‡æ‘Ë ¡ Ÿ ß ¢÷È π(4) ”À√—∫ª√‘¡“≥°“√„™âπÈ”„πªï 2550 ¡’°“√„™âπÈ” ª√–¡“≥ 182,500 ≈Ÿ°∫“»°å‡¡µ√·≈–§“¥«à“·π« ‚πâ¡„πÕ𓧵§«“¡µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ” Ÿß¡“°¬‘Ëߢ÷Èπ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°ª√–™“°√‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ ªí®®ÿ∫—πª√–™“™π à«π „À≠à„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π ‚¥¬¡’°“√π” πÈ”®“°·À≈àßπÈ”¥‘∫®“°Õà“߇°Á∫πÈ”À¡Ÿà∫â“π¡“„™â ”À√—∫√–∫∫º≈‘µπÈ”ª√–ª“„π∫â“π∂È”≈“ µ”∫≈

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH J a n u a ry - M a r c h 2011

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∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ √–À«à“߇¥◊Õπ¡°√“§¡ - °ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2552 ‚¥¬¡’ °≈ÿࡪ√–™“°√∑’Ë»÷°…“ (Study population) §◊Õ ª√–™“™π∑’ÕË “»—¬Õ¬Ÿ„à πæ◊πÈ ∑’µË ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿Õ ªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß ¡’§√—«‡√◊Õπ®”π«π 2,011 §√—«‡√◊Õπ ·≈–¡’ª√–™“°√∑—Èß ‘Èπ 8,313 §π °≈ÿà¡ µ—«Õ¬à“ߧ◊Õª√–™“™π∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„πæ◊Èπ∑’ˇ∑»∫“≈ µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ ·≈–‡ªìπµ—«·∑π¢Õߧ√—«‡√◊Õπ∑’Ë Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„πÀ¡Ÿà∑’Ë 9 ∫â“π§«π¬“« À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 8 ∫â“π À⫬√”æ÷ß À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 6 ∫â“π¡“¥π—Ëß À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 5 ∫â“π∂È”≈“ ·≈–À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 4 ∫â“πÀ⫬‡√’¬π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°æ◊Èπ∑’Ë¥—ß °≈à“«‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫¢Õ߇∑»∫“≈µ”∫≈≈“π ¢àÕ¬∑’ˇªìπÀπ૬ߓπ„π°“√®—¥À“πÈ” –Õ“¥ ·≈–¡’ °“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√√–∫∫πÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π ‚¥¬¡’§√—« ‡√◊Õπ®”π«π 253, 128, 202, 175 ·≈– 239 §√—« ‡√◊Õ𠵓¡≈”¥—∫ ·≈–¡’ª√–™“°√®”π«π 970, 497, 716, 676 ·≈– 1,067 §π µ“¡≈”¥—∫ °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°°≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“ß®”π«π∑—ßÈ ‘πÈ 115 §π ‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√ ÿà¡Õ¬à“ßßà“¬ (Simple random sampling) ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“·≈–°“√ ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈§√—ßÈ π’§È Õ◊ ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑’‰Ë ¥âª√–¬ÿ°µå¢π÷È (7) ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈惵‘°√√¡°“√„™â πÈ” ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ §«“¡æ÷ ß æÕ„® §«“¡µâ Õ ß°“√ ·≈– ªí ≠ À“®“°°“√„™â πÈ” ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“ À¡Ÿà∫â“π „π°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È §«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„π°“√ „™âπÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ §ÿ≥¿“æ·≈– ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”ª√–ª“ °“√∫√‘°“√ °“√∑”ß“π¢ÕߺŸâ ¥Ÿ·≈ª√–ª“ ·≈–√“§“πÈ”ª√–ª“ √«¡ 14 ¢âÕ ¡’ √–¥—∫°“√«—¥·∫∫™à«ß¡“µ√“ (Interval scale) §à“ §«“¡‡™◊ÕË ¡—πË ¢Õß·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‡∑à“°—∫ 0.77 ∑”°“√ «‘‡§√“–Àå¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬„™â ∂‘µ‡‘ ™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Descriptive statistics) ‰¥â·°à ®”π«π √âÕ¬≈– (Percent) §à“‡©≈’ˬ (Mean) ·≈– à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π (Standard deviation) ‚¥¬„™â ‚ ª√·°√¡ ”‡√Á®√Ÿª„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå 124 ¡°√“§¡ - ¡’π“§¡ 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

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º≈°“√»÷°…“ ®“°º≈°“√»÷ ° …“æ∫«à “ à « π„À≠à ° ≈ÿà ¡ µ—«Õ¬à“߇ªìπ‡æ»À≠‘ß (75.7%) ¡’Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’ˬ 43.2 ªï (SD = 13.0) Õ“¬ÿµË” ÿ¥ 18 ªï ·≈–¡’Õ“¬ÿ Ÿß ÿ¥ 79 ªï à«π„À≠à¡’ ∂“π¿“æ ¡√ (92.2%) ¡’ Õ“™’懰…µ√°√√¡ (93.0 %) ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à « π„À≠à ¡’ √ –¥— ∫ °“√»÷ ° …“™—È π ª√–∂¡»÷ ° …“ (66.1%) ¡’≈°— …≥–∫â“π‡ªìπ∫â“πµ÷°‡¥’¬Ë « (67.8%) ·≈–√Õß≈ß¡“¡’≈—°…≥–∫â“π‰¡â„µâ∂ÿπ Ÿß (23.5%) °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à¡’√–¬–‡«≈“Õ“»—¬„π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà ªí®®ÿ∫—π‡©≈’ˬ 16.7 ªï (SD = 10.6) ·≈–√–¬– ‡«≈“°“√Õ“»—¬∑’ËπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ 1 ªï ·≈–¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ 56 ªï ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à¡’√“¬‰¥â‡©≈’ˬ 16,285 ∫“∑ µàÕ‡¥◊Õπ (SD = 17,250) ¡’√“¬‰¥âπâÕ∑’Ë ÿ¥ª√–¡“≥ 1,000 ∫“∑ ·≈–¡’√“¬‰¥â¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ª√–¡“≥ 115,000 ∫“∑µàÕ‡¥◊Õπ ¥—ß· ¥ß„𠵓√“ß∑’Ë 1 ®“°°“√ ”√«®¿“™π–∑’Ë„™â„π°“√°—° ‡°Á∫πÈ” ”À√—∫°“√Õÿª‚¿§·≈–∫√‘‚¿§π—Èπ æ∫«à“ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à„™â‚Õàß„π°“√°—°‡°Á∫πÈ”∑—Èß ”À√—∫°“√∫√‘‚¿§ ·≈–Õÿª‚¿§ (81.7% ·≈– 67.0% µ“¡≈”¥—∫) ®“°°“√ ”√«®æƒµ‘ ° √√¡°“√„™â πÈ” ®“° √–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“πæ∫«à“ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à ¡’°“√‡≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿ∫à “â π (89.6%) ‚¥¬¡’°“√‡≈◊Õ°πÈ”ª√–ª“‡æ◊ËÕª√–‚¬™π套ߵàÕ‰ªπ’È ‰¥â·°à °“√Õ“∫πÈ” (93.9%) °“√≈â“ß¿“™π–„™â Õ(93.0%) °“√≈â “ ß√∂ (78.3%) √¥πÈ” µâ π ‰¡â (71.3%) °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ (40.0%) ·≈–°“√ ¥◊Ë¡ (6.1%) ‡ªìπµâπ ”À√—∫°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë¡’°“√ „™â πÈ” ”À√— ∫ °“√¥◊Ë ¡ æ∫«à “ à « π„À≠à ® –¡’ ° “√ ª√—∫ª√ÿߧÿ≥¿“æπÈ”°àÕπ¥◊Ë¡‚¥¬°“√µâ¡ (20.0%) °“√°√Õß (40.0%) ·≈–°“√°—°‡°Á∫πÈ”„π¿“™π– ‡æ◊ÕË „Àâµ°µ–°Õπ°àÕπ¥◊¡Ë (40.0%) µ“¡≈”¥—∫ à«π °≈ÿà ¡ µ— « Õ¬à “ ß∑’Ë „ ™â πÈ” ®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà ∫â “ π

§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õߪ√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π œ

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈≈—°…≥–∑“ߪ√–™“°√ (n=115) ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‡æ» ™“À≠‘ß ∂“π¿“æ ‚ ¥ ¡√ À¡â“¬/À¬à“/·¬° Õ“™’æ ‡°…µ√°√√¡ §â“¢“π—°‡√’¬π/π—°»÷°…“ √—∫®â“ß∑—Ë«‰ª Õ◊ËπÊ √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ ‰¡à‰¥â‡√’¬πÀπ—ß ◊Õ ª√–∂¡»÷°…“ ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ Õπÿª√‘≠≠“µ√’À√◊Õ Ÿß°«à“ ª√–‡¿∑∑’æË °— Õ“»—∫â“π‰¡â„µâ∂ÿπ Ÿß ∫â“π‰¡â‰¡à¡’„µâ∂ÿπ ∫â“πµ÷°‡¥’¬Ë « Õ“¬ÿ(ªï) Mean ± SD (Min:Max) √–¬–‡«≈“Õ“»—¬(ªï) Mean ± SD (Min:Max) √“¬‰¥âµàÕ‡¥◊Õπ(∫“∑) Mean ± SD (Min:Max)

”À√—∫°“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ à«π„À≠à®–¡’°“√‡ªî¥ „™âπÈ”ª√–ª“®“°°äÕ°·≈â«π”πÈ”¡“ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ ∑—π∑’ (65.9%) °—°‡°Á∫πÈ”„π¿“™π–∑‘È߉«â°àÕπ ·≈â«π”πÈ”¡“ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ (29.5%) µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ß· ¥ß„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 ®“°°“√ ”√«®√–¥—∫§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„® §«“¡

®”π«π (§π)

√âÕ¬≈–

28 87

24.3 75.7

4 106 5

3.5 92.2 4.3

107 5 1 1 1

93.0 4.3 0.9 0.9 0.9

2 76 28 8

1.7 66.1 24.3 7.0

27 9 78

23.5 7.8 67.8

43.2 ± 13.0 (18:79) 16.7 ± 10.6 (1:56) 16,285 ± 17,250 (1,000:115,000)

µâÕß°“√ ·≈–√–¥—∫ªí≠À“®“°°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“ ®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à¡’√–¥—∫ §«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„π¿“æ√«¡√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (χ= 3.39, SD = 0.48) ‡¡◊ËÕ®”·π°√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“ ¡’ §«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„π¥â“π√“§“πÈ”ª√–ª“„π√–¥—∫¡“° (χ = 3.64, SD = 0.87) ·≈–¡’§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„π

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH J a n u a ry - M a r c h 2011

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∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 惵‘°√√¡°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π 惵‘°√√¡°“√„™âπÈ”

®”π«π (§π)

°“√‡≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π „™â ‰¡à„™â ª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß°“√‡≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π Õ“∫πÈ” ≈â“ß¿“™π– ≈â“ß√∂ √¥πÈ”µâπ‰¡â ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ ¥◊Ë¡ °“√ª√—∫ª√ÿߧÿ≥¿“æπÈ”°àÕπ¥◊Ë¡ µâ¡ °√Õß °—°‡°Á∫„π¿“™π–°àÕπ «‘∏’°“√π”πÈ”ª√–ª“¡“ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ ‡ªî¥πÈ”ª√–ª“®“°°äÕ°·≈â«πÈ”¡“ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√∑—π∑’ °—°‡°Á∫πÈ”„π¿“™π–∑‘È߉«â°àÕπ·≈â«π”¡“ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ Õ◊ËπÊ

¥â“π§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–ª√‘¡“≥ (χ= 3.41, SD = 0.58) °“√∫√‘°“√ (χ= 3.27, SD = 0.66) ·≈–°“√ ∑”ß“π¢ÕߺŸâ¥Ÿ·≈√–∫∫ (χ= 3.43, SD = 0.69) Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß „π à«π¢Õߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√„™â πÈ”ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π æ∫«à“ à«π „À≠à¡’√–¥—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√„π°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“®“° √–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿ∫à “â π„π√–¥—∫¡“° (χ= 3.98,SD = 0.58) ‡¡◊ËÕ®”·π°‡ªìπ√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“¡’√–¥—∫§«“¡ µâ Õ ß°“√Õ¬Ÿà „ π√–¥— ∫ ¡“°‡™à π °— π ‰¥â · °à §«“¡ µâÕß°“√„π¥â“π§ÿ≥¿“æ¢ÕßπÈ”ª√–ª“ (χ= 4.24, SD = 0.68) ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”ª√–ª“ (χ= 4.13, SD = 126 ¡°√“§¡ - ¡’π“§¡ 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

à߇ √‘¡„Àâ§π‰∑¬ ÿ¢¿“楒

√âÕ¬≈–

103 11

89.6 9.6

108 107 90 82 46 7

93.9 93.0 78.3 71.3 40.0 6.1

1 2 2

20.0 40.0 40.0

29 13 2

65.9 29.5 4.6

0.66) ·≈–°“√„Àâ ∫ √‘ ° “√¢Õßæπ— ° ß“π„π°“√ ´àÕ¡·´¡ (χ= 3.67, SD = 0.74) ·≈–®“°°“√ ”√«®ªí ≠ À“¢Õß°“√„™â πÈ” ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“πæ∫«à“ ¡’√–¥—∫¢Õߪí≠À“¿“æ√«¡ „π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß (χ= 2.65, SD = 0.45) ‡¡◊ËÕ ®”·π°®“°ªí≠À“µà“ßÊ æ∫«à“¡’√–¥—∫ªí≠À“¢Õß §ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–§«“¡πà“‡™◊ÕË ∂◊Õ (χ=2.81, SD = 0.62) °“√∫√‘°“√„π°“√´àÕ¡∫”√ÿß (χ= 2.63, SD = 0.62) „π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß ·≈–¡’°“√∫√‘°“√¢Õß æπ—°ß“π (χ= 2.37, SD = 0.62) „π√–¥—∫πâÕµ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ß· ¥ß„π¿“æ∑’Ë 1

§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õߪ√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ”®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π œ

¿“æ∑’Ë 1 √–¥—∫§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„® §«“¡µâÕß°“√ ·≈–ªí≠À“®“°°“√„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“ À¡Ÿ∫à “â π §à“‡©≈’Ë5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 “æ ‘°“√ ß“π √“§“ §≥ÿ ¿ °“√∫√ °“√∑” §«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®

Ÿß¡“° ¡“° ª“π°≈“ß πâÕπâÕ¬¡“°

“æ “≥ ‘°“√ §≥ÿ ¿ ª√‘¡ °“√∫√ §«“¡µâÕß°“√

«‘®“√≥å ®“°°“√»÷ ° …“§√—È ß π’È ¡’ «— µ ∂ÿ ª √– ß§å ‡ æ◊Ë Õ »÷°…“§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢Õߪ√–™“™πµàÕ°“√„™âπÈ” ª√–ª“®“°√–∫∫ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π ‡∑»∫“≈µ”∫≈ ≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß ‚¥∑”°“√ ”√«®√–À«à“߇¥◊Õπ¡°√“§¡ - °ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2552 æ∫«à“ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ‡æ»À≠‘ß (75.7%) ¡’ ∂“π¿“æ ¡√ (92.2%) ª√–°Õ∫ Õ“™’懰…µ√°√√¡ (93.0%) ¡’√–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ ™—Èπª√–∂¡»÷°…“ (66.1%) ‚¥¬ √ÿªæ∫«à“ à«π „À≠à‡≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“ ”À√—∫°“√Õÿª‚¿§ (89.6%) ¡’‡æ’¬ß à«ππâÕ¬‡∑à“π—Èπ∑’ˇ≈◊Õ°„™âπÈ”ª√–ª“ ”À√—∫ °“√¥◊¡Ë (6.1%) ·≈–°“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√ (40.0%) „π à«π¢Õߧ«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à¡’√–¥—∫ §«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¥â“π§ÿ≥¿“æ °“√∫√‘°“√ ·≈–°“√ ∑”ß“π„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß ·≈–¡’§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„π ¥â“π√“§“„π√–¥—∫¡“° à«π§«“¡µâÕß°“√„π¥â“π §ÿ≥¿“æ ª√‘¡“≥ ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√πÈ”ª√–ª“®“° √–∫∫ª√–ª“π—È π æ∫«à “ à « π„À≠à ¡’ √ –¥— ∫ §«“¡ µâÕß°“√„π√–¥—∫¡“° ·≈–¡’ªí≠À“„π¥â“π§ÿ≥¿“æ °“√´àÕ¡∫”√ÿß ·≈–°“√∫√‘°“√„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß

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‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1.World Health Organization, Regional office for South-east Asia. The role of ministries of health in reducing disease burden due to water sanitation and hygiene related illnesses . Assess online on December, 12 2005. http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Health_Topics_reducing-disease.pdf 2.«√√≥¥’ ‡™¬‡¥™, ≈—°…≥“¿√≥å §ß‡®√‘≠æ√, ∞‘µ‘¡“ «ß»“‚√®πå ·≈– Õ√ÿ≥ ∫à“ßµ√–°Ÿ≈ππ∑å. »Ÿπ¬å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚√§µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ·≈–æ“À– π”‚√§. °“√»÷°…“§ÿ≥¿“æÕ“À“√ πÈ”¥◊Ë¡ ·≈–πÈ”„™â„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë 3 ®—ßÀ«—¥¿“§°≈“ß∑’Ë¡’°“√·¢àߢ—π‡Õ‡™’Ë¬π‡°¡ å ªï 2541 Assess online on December, 12 2005. http://webdb.dmsc.moph.go.th/ifc_nih/ a_nihR_search.asp?info_id=288 3. ”π—°π‚¬∫“¬·≈–¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ √“¬ß“π°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‰∑¬ ªï æ.». 2548 - 2550 Assess online on December, 12 2005 .http://www.moph.go.th/ops/health_50 4. ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡. √“¬ß“πª√–®”ªï 2552 5.°√Õß°¡≈ ÀÕ¡™◊Ëπ, ‡°»»‘µ“ «ß§åµ√’, ™π‘¥“ ∑Õß∑√ß, ‡¥◊Õππ¿“ »‘√‘∫Ÿ√≥å, ∏”√߇¥™ πâÕ¬ ’, ªî¬–πÿ™ ∫ÿ≠∑», ¬ÿæ“ °ÿ≈∫ÿµ√ ·≈–«ÿ≤‘æß»å √”‡æ¬. √“¬ß“π°“√Ωñ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¿“§ π“¡√–¬–∑’Ë 1 À¡Ÿà∑’Ë 5 ∫â“π∂È”≈“ µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿Õ ªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß. “¢“ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ µ√å §≥–«‘∑¬“°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–°“√°’Ó ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∑—°…‘≥ «‘∑¬“‡¢µæ—∑≈ÿß; 2550 6.Õ“√’√—µπå ‚æ∏‘Ï ÿ«√√≥å ·≈–‡∫≠®æ√ æ‘≥ ¡∫—µ‘. §ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π ®—ßÀ«—¥√–¬Õß. «“√ “√«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ 2543:9(1);116-122 7.ª«‘µ√ ™—¬«‘ ‘∑∏‘Ï. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õß√–∫∫ª√–ª“·≈–§«“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®¢ÕߺŸâ„™âπÈ”„π¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å «‘∑¬“‡¢µÀ“¥„À≠à. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å«‘∑¬“»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ߢ≈“π§√‘π∑√å; 2548 8.∏π“«—≤πå √—°°¡≈, ªÿ≠≠æ—≤πå ‰™¬‡¡≈å, ¡‡°’¬√µ‘¬» «√‡¥™. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ·≈–§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”¢Õß√–∫∫º≈‘µπÈ” ª√–ª“À¡Ÿà∫â“π: °√≥’»÷°…“ ∫â“π∂È”≈“ µ”∫≈≈“π¢àÕ¬ Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥æ—∑≈ÿß . ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∑—°…‘≥; 2552 9.»Ÿπ¬åÕπ“¡—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡¢µ 2 √–∫ÿ√’, °√¡Õπ“¡—¬. ¡ªª. √“¬ß“π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ”∫√‘‚¿§ªï 2538-2539. »Ÿπ¬å Õπ“¡—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ‡¢µ 2 √–∫ÿ√’ °√¡Õπ“¡—¬ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢.

10.¡—Ëπ ‘π µ—≥±ÿ≈‡«»¡å. «‘»«°√√¡°“√ª√–ª“ ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 1. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ”π—°æ‘¡æå®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬; 2542 HEALTH

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