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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

99

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Infectious Waste Management in Nakhonsrithammaraj Province , B.E. 2552.

Nukul Promchart Public Health Academician, Specialist level, Nakhonsrithammaraj Province Health Office

Abstract This action research aimed to study the managerial behavior of infectious waste management, to evaluate the infectious waste management and the role of local administration organizations in infectious waste management in Nakhonsrithammaraj province. This action research were both qualitative and quantitative study. The twenty two areas in 2009, were the subjects in this study, namely 1 regional hospital, 18 community hospital, 2 municipality, and 1 city municipality. The samples were the infectious waste management committees in health - care unit, chief of practitioner medicine, chief of general administration, and the person who was responsible for disposal of infectious waste. Using simple systematic sampling in this study. Measuring tools had 3 parts : 1) Questionnaires for general data, knowledge, and infectious waste performance. The precision of knowledge and performance was 0.86 and 0.81, respectively. 2) Evaluation of the Public Health Ministry Regulation on infectious waste disposal B.E.2545 3) Records form of infectious waste disposal, the obstacle of the operation. Data were collected from March, 2009 to December, 2009. Data analysis computed in this study were percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Paired t-test were used to compare the knowledge and performance behavior scores. The results revealed that the main infectious waste category were infectd materials such as used Gauze and cotton (94.67%). The daily infectious waste generated was about 39.10 kg.

Incineration the infectious waste was performed by health care unit themselves (89.47%), the frequency of incineration was 3 times per week (47.36%). The result showed that after operation, the level of knowledge was higher than before operation at level of significant p - valve (p < 0.05). The performance level of disposal of infectious waste after operation was higher than before operation at level significant p - valve (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of infectious waste management, waste separation, waste collection, waste transportation, proper characteristics of wasteû trollies, the infectious waste storage, and infectious waste disposal after operation were correctly performed according to the criteria more than before operation. Anyhow, the local administration organizations did not manage infectious waste. The recommendation : In order to efficiently perform the infectiou waste management in health care unit There should be appointed the committees coming from each organizations, to determine the guideline, training , preparing appropriate and adequate garbage pails or equipments for general and infectious waste disposal comfortable for users. In Nakhonsrithammaraj Province, infectious waste management are both in health care unit and municipality, There should be mutual management.

General waste disposal is under the municipality, and the infectious waste disposal is under the responsibility of the health care units.

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

101

∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ Õ—π‡ªìπ‡Àµÿ∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√·æ√à‡™◊ÈÕ ‚√§∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√∫√‘°“√§π‰¢â “√‡§¡’ Õÿª°√≥å ·≈–«— ¥ÿ°“√·æ∑¬å®“°°“√µ√«®√—°…“‚√§ ©–π—Èπ À“°¡’°“√®—¥°“√∑’ˉ¡à∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡¡“µ√∞“π ∑”„Àâ ‡°‘ ¥ §«“¡‡ ’Ë ¬ ßµà Õ Õ— π µ√“¬¥â “ π ÿ ¢ ¿“æÕπ“¡— ¢ÕߺŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‡Õß ∫ÿ§≈“°√„π‚√ß欓∫“≈ ºŸâ¡“ „™â∫√‘°“√ ·≈–º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ º≈®“° °“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’ȇªìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕ ∂“π∫√‘°“√·≈– ∑â Õ ß∂‘Ë π „π°“√§«∫§ÿ ¡ ¥Ÿ · ≈ ∫√‘ À “√®— ¥ °“√ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ·≈–®—¥„Àâ¡’ ∂“π∑’Ë°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥ ‡™◊ÈÕµ“¡‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π·≈–¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ Ÿß ÿ¥ ‡æ◊ÕË ªÑÕß°—π°“√·æ√à°√–®“¬‡™◊ÕÈ ‚√§‰ª Ÿºà ªŸâ Ø‘∫µ— ß‘ “π ∫ÿ§≈“°√„π‚√ß欓∫“≈ ºŸâ√—∫∫√‘°“√ ·≈–ªÑÕß°—π °“√ªπ‡ªóôÕπ„π ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ µ≈Õ¥®π àߺ≈„Àâ ∂“π∫√‘°“√ºà“πµ“¡‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π∑’Ë°”Àπ¥

«—µ∂ÿª√– ߧ尓√»÷°…“ 1. ‡æ◊ÕË »÷°…“惵‘°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ¢Õß∫ÿ§≈“°√„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ 2. ‡æ◊ËÕª√–‡¡‘πº≈«‘∏’°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ 3. ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“∫∑∫“∑¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ„π°“√ ®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ

«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ √Ÿª·∫∫°“√»÷°…“ °“√»÷ ° …“§√—È ß π’È ‡ ªì π °“√»÷ ° …“∑—È ß ‡™‘ ß ª√‘¡“≥·≈–‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“æ ‡ªìπ«‘®—¬‡™‘ߪؑ∫—µ‘°“√ (Action research) „π ∂“π欓∫“≈ — ß °— ¥ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢∑’Ë¡’°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ·≈–∫∑∫“∑¢Õß∑âÕß ∂‘Ëπ„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ªïæ.».2552 ª√–™“°√·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ª√–™“°√∑’Ë∑”°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È ‰¥â·°à ‚√ß 102 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

à߇ √‘¡„Àâ§π‰∑¬ ÿ¢¿“楒

欓∫“≈»Ÿπ¬å 1 ·Ààß ‚√ß欓∫“≈™ÿ¡™π 18 ·Ààß ‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡∑»∫“≈π§√ 3 ·Ààß √«¡∑—ßÈ À¡¥ 22 ·Ààß °≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬ 92 §π °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ∑’Ë∑”°“√»÷°…“‡ªìπ§≥–°√√¡°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√µ‘¥ ‡™◊ÈÕ„π ∂“π欓∫“≈ À—«Àπâ“°≈ÿà¡ß“π‡«™ªØ‘∫—µ‘ §√Õ∫§√—«·≈–™ÿ¡™π À—«Àπâ“°≈ÿà¡ß“π∫√‘À“√·≈– ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ §—¥‡≈◊Õ° °≈ÿ¡à µ—«Õ¬à“ß‚¥¬°“√ ÿ¡à ·∫∫¡’√–∫∫Õ¬à“ßßà“¬ ‚¥®—∫©≈“°√“¬™◊ËÕ°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ®”π«π 75 §π ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ∑’Ë„™â»÷°…“ ‡§√◊ÕË ß¡◊Õ∑’„Ë ™â„π°“√«‘®¬— §√—ßÈ π’È ·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ 3 à«π ¥—ßπ’È à « π∑’Ë 1 ‡ªì π ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡∑’Ë ºŸâ «‘ ®— ¬ ‰¥â ª√—∫ª√ÿß¡“®“°·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡¢Õß Õπß§å · ß ≈’(2551) Õ¿‘√«’ æ‘π‘® ÿ«√√≥(2548) Õ¿‘π—π∑å ÿ¢ ∫∑(2547)5 ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ 3 µÕπ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬µÕπ∑’Ë 1 ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª ®”π«π 6 ¢âÕ ‰¥â·°à ‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ µ”·Àπàß Àπâ“∑’Ë °“√ß“π ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√∑”ß“π µÕπ∑’Ë 2 §«“¡ √Ÿ‡â °’¬Ë «°—∫°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ®”π«π 15 ¢âÕ µÕπ∑’Ë 3 惵‘°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ®”π«π 10 ¢âÕ ‡ªìπ·∫∫¡“µ√ª√–¡“≥§à“ (Rating Scale) µÕπ∑’Ë 4 ªí≠À“·≈–Õÿª √√§„π°“√ ¥”‡π‘πß“π à « π∑’Ë 2 ‡ªì π °“√ª√–‡¡‘ π °“√®— ¥ °“√ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‚¥¬°≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬‰¥â√—∫°“√Õ∫√¡ ·≈–√à « ¡ª√–‡¡‘ 𠵓¡·∫∫ª√–‡¡‘ π §ÿ ≥ ¿“æ°“√ ®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ”À√—∫‚√ß欓∫“≈µ“¡°Æ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ¡’∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 7 ¢âÕ ¥—ßπ’È 1)¥â“π ∫ÿ § ≈“°√ 2)°“√§— ¥ ·¬°¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬ 3)°“√‡°Á ∫ √«∫√«¡¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ 4)°“√‡§≈◊Ë Õ π¬â “ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 5)≈—°…≥–√∂‡¢Áπ‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 6) ∂“π∑’Ëæ—°√«¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ

°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï æ.». 2552

7)°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ à « π∑’Ë 3 ‡ªì π ·∫∫∫— π ∑÷ ° °“√®— ¥ °“√ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‚¥¬ºŸâ«‘®—¬‡ªìπºŸâ∫—π∑÷° «‘∏’°“√‡°Á∫ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‰¥â®“°°“√ —߇°µ Õ∫∂“¡ À√◊Õ —¡¿“…≥å ºŸ∑â ‡’Ë °’¬Ë «¢âÕß À—«¢âÕ∑’ Ë ¡— ¿“…≥åÀ√◊Õ —߇°µ ª√–°Õ∫ ¥â«¬ 1)∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ 2)°“√§—¥·¬° ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 3)°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 4)°“√‡§≈◊Ë Õ π¬â “ ¬¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ 5)√∂‡¢Á π ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 6) ∂“π∑’Ëæ—°¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 7)°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ºŸâ«‘®—¬‰¥âπ”·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡µ√«® Õ∫§«“¡ µ√ߢÕ߇π◊ÈÕÀ“‚¥¬ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠ ∑¥ Õ∫§à“§«“¡ ‡∑’ˬߥâ“𧫓¡√Ÿâ·≈–¥â“π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‡∑à“°—∫ 0.86 ·≈– 0.81 √–¬–‡«≈“‡°Á∫ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡¥◊Õπ¡’π“§¡ 2552 ∂÷ß∏—𫓧¡ 2552 √«¡ 10 ‡¥◊Õπ «‘‡§√“–À奫⠬‚ª√·°√¡§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å ·ª√ º≈¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬„™â ∂‘µ‘æ√√≥π“ ¥â«¬§à“√âÕ¬≈– §à“ ‡©≈’Ë ¬ à « π‡∫’Ë ¬ ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π »÷ ° …“ ª√– ‘ ∑ ∏‘ ¿ “æ°“√®— ¥ °“√¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ ‚¥ª√–‡¡‘π‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫®“°¡“µ√∞“π∑’°Ë ”Àπ¥ ‡ª√’¬∫ ‡∑’¬∫§–·π𧫓¡√Ÿâ·≈–惵‘°√√¡°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘‚¥„™â ∂‘µ‘ paired t- test

º≈°“√»÷°…“ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª·≈–°“√®—¥°“√ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇ªìπºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ß“π §≥– °√√¡°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π ∂“π欓∫“≈¢Õß ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ‡∑»∫“≈π§√·≈–‡∑»∫“≈ ‡¡◊Õß ®”π«π 22 ·Ààß æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à ‡ªìπ‡æ» ™“¬ √âÕ¬≈– 56.00 ‡æ»À≠‘ß √âÕ¬≈– 44.00 √–¥—∫ °“√»÷°…“ª√‘≠≠“µ√’ √âÕ¬≈– 74.67 ª√– ∫°“√≥å „π°“√∑”ß“π§«∫§ÿ¡°“√µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ πâÕ¬°«à“ 10 ªï √âÕ≈– 50.66 ª√–‡¿∑¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π·µà≈–«—π à«π „À≠à‡ªìπºâ“°äÕ™∑’„Ë ™â·≈â« ”≈’∑„’Ë ™â·≈â« √âÕ¬≈– 94.67

√Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπ∂ÿß¡◊Õ¬“ßæ≈“ µ‘°∑’Ë„™â·≈â« √âÕ¬≈– 90.67 ‡≈◊Õ¥À√◊Õ “√§—¥À≈—Ëß √âÕ¬≈– 89.33 ‡¢Á¡ ©’¥¬“·≈–°√–∫Õ°©’¥¬“∑’Ë„™â·≈â« √âÕ¬≈– 89.33 §«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–惵‘°√√¡°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π °“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ®“°°“√»÷°…“√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ·≈–惵‘°√√¡ °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ °àÕπ°“√ »÷°…“√–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâæ∫«à“ ¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ§–·π𧫓¡√Ÿâ ‡∑à“°—∫ 11.72 §–·ππ À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√§à“‡©≈’˧«“¡√Ÿâ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ 14.26 §–·ππ ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ 2.54 §–·ππ ‡¡◊ËÕπ”¡“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°àÕπ·≈–À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π °“√æ∫«à “ ·µ°µà “ ß°— π Õ¬à “ ß¡’ π— ¬ ”§— ≠ ∑“ß ∂‘ µ‘ (P<0.05) ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 §–·ππ惵‘°√√¡°“√ ªØ‘∫—µ‘ æ∫«à“ °àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√ ¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ§–·ππ ‡∑à“°—∫ 28.34 §–·ππ À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√§à“‡©≈’˧–·ππ惵‘°√√¡ªØ‘∫µ— ‡‘ æ‘¡Ë ‡ªìπ 37.25 §–·ππ ‡æ‘¡Ë ¢÷Èπ 8.91 §–·ππ ‡¡◊ËÕπ”¡“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°àÕπ·≈– À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√æ∫«à“·µ°µà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ (P < 0.05) ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 惵‘°√√¡°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ º≈°“√ ”√«®¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈惵‘°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ „πªï æ.».2552 æ∫«à“ à«π„À≠à °“√®—¥°“√¢¬–¡Ÿ≈ΩÕà«π„À≠à ∂“π欓∫“≈‡ªìπºŸ¥â ”‡π‘π°“√‡Õß æÕ∑’Ë ®– √ÿª¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‰¥â¥—ßπ’È 1) ª√‘¡“≥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π·µà≈–«—π ®“°°“√ ”√«®¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√º≈‘µ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥ ‡™◊ÈÕ„π·µà≈–«—π ∂“π欓∫“≈ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ æ∫«à“ ª√‘¡“≥¢¬–¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬¡“°°«à“ 40 °‘‚≈°√—¡µàÕ«—π √âÕ≈– 15.80 πâÕ¬°«à“ 10 °‘‚≈°√—¡µàÕ«—π √âÕ¬≈– 10.50 ‚¥¬‡©≈’ˬª√‘¡“≥¢¬– à«π„À≠àª√–¡“≥ 10 - 30 °‘‚≈°√—¡µàÕ«—π √âÕ¬≈– 52.60 ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 3

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

103

∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 §à“‡©≈’ˬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§–·π𧫓¡√Ÿâ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ °àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß °“√¥”‡π‘π°“√ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 √–¥—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ

D

t

sig

2.54

10.37

0.00*

°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß (n= 75 §π)

°àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√ À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√

X

s.d.

11.72 14.26

2.02 0.70

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 §à“‡©≈’ˬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§–·ππ惵‘°√√¡°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ °àÕπ ·≈–À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 D

t

sig

8.91

27.59

0.00*

惵‘°√√¡°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß (n= 75 §π) °“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ s.d.

X °àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√ À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√

28.34 37.25

2.90 1.50

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 3 ª√‘ ¡ “≥¢¬–¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ ∑’Ë º ≈‘ µ ®“° ∂“π欓∫“≈¢Õß√— ∞ — ß °— ¥ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢„π·µà≈–«—π ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 ª√‘¡“≥¢¬–µàÕ«—π

®”π«π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ (·Ààß)

√âÕ¬≈–

3 4 5 5 2 19

15.80 21.10 26.30 26.30 10.50 100.00

¡“°°«à“ 40 °°./«—π 31- 40 °°./«—π 21- 30 °°./«—π 11- 20 °°./«—π πâÕ¬°«à“ 10 °°./«—π √«¡

2) ‡µ“‡º“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ®“°°“√ ”√«®¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡µ“‡º“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 æ∫«à“ ∂“π 欓∫“≈ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ¡’‡µ“‡º“·≈– 104 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

à߇ √‘¡„Àâ§π‰∑¬ ÿ¢¿“楒

¥”‡π‘π°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‡Õß √âÕ¬≈– 78.95 ‰¡à‰¥â°”®—¥‡Õß √âÕ¬≈– 15.79 ‡π◊ËÕß®“°¬—߉¡à¡’ ‡µ“‡º“¢¬– ‚¥¬ à߉ª°”®—¥∑’‚Ë √ß欓∫“≈„°≈⇧’¬ß ®â “ ߇հ™π¥”‡π‘ π °“√ √â Õ ¬≈– 5.2 ”À√— ∫

°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï æ.». 2552

‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊ Õ ß ·≈–‡∑»∫“≈π§√ ¬— ß ‰¡à ¡’ ° “√ ¥”‡π‘π°“√‡√◊ËÕß¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ à«π ‡°’¬Ë «¢âÕß ¬—߉¡à‡¢â“„®√–∫∫°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ‰¡à ‰ ¥â « “ß·ºπß∫ª√–¡“≥ √«¡∑—È ß ¢“¥·§≈π ∫ÿ§≈“°√

3) §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√‡º“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ®“°°“√ ”√«®¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ §«“¡∂’Ë „ π°“√‡º“ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ¢Õß®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 æ∫«à“ ∂“π欓∫“≈ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ à«π„À≠à‡º“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕª√–¡“≥ 3 «—πµàÕ

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 4 §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√‡º“°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ¢Õß ∂“π欓∫“≈¢Õß√—∞ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 §«“¡∂’Ë„π°“√‡º“°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ

®”π«π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ (·Ààß)

√âÕ¬≈–

1 «—πµàÕ —ª¥“Àå 2 «—πµàÕ —ª¥“Àå 3 «—πµàÕ —ª¥“Àå 5 «—πµàÕ —ª¥“Àå à߉ª°”®—¥

2 4 9 1 3

10.52 21.05 47.36 5.26 15.81

√«¡

19

100.00

—ª¥“Àå √âÕ¬≈– 47.36 ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 4 ª√–‡¡‘ π º≈«‘ ∏’ ° “√®— ¥ °“√¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ®“°°“√ ”√«®¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ª√–‡¡‘ π º≈«‘ ∏’ ° “√ ®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï æ.».2552 ‡ª√’ ¬ ∫‡∑’ ¬ ∫°— ∫ ‡°≥±å ª √–‡¡‘ π §ÿ≥¿“æ°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ „π ∂“π欓∫“≈ °àÕπ·≈–À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°‘®°√√¡ ¥—ßµ“√“ß∑’Ë 5 ¥—ßπ’È 1) ∫ÿ§≈“°√: ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ à«π„À≠à¢÷Èπ Õ¬Ÿ°à ∫— °≈ÿ¡à ß“π‡«™ªØ‘∫µ— §‘ √Õ∫§√—«·≈–™ÿ¡™π °àÕπ ¥”‡π‘π°“√æ∫«à“ ¡’ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫™—¥‡®π √âÕ¬≈– 57.89 À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√‡æ‘Ë¡‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 89.47 2) °“√§— ¥ ·¬°¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬: °“√§— ¥ ·¬° ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ∫«à“°àÕπ·≈–À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√∑ÿ° ∂“π欓∫“≈¡’°“√§—¥·¬°¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ √âÕ¬≈– 100 ·µà√–∫∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡§ÿ≥¿“æ¡“µ√∞“π¬—ß

‰¡à ™— ¥ ‡®π ‡¡◊Ë Õ ºà “ π°“√Õ∫√¡À≈— ° Ÿ µ √°Æ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫—µ‘‰¥â∂Ÿ°µâÕß 3) °“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ : °àÕπ ¥”‡π‘π°“√¡’°“√√«∫√«¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‡æ’¬ß √âÕ≈– 73.68 ‡¡◊Ë Õ ºà “ π°“√Õ∫√¡À≈— ° Ÿ µ √°Æ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫—µ‘‰¥â∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ √âÕ¬≈– 94.74 4) °“√‡§≈◊ÕË π¬â“¬¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ : °àÕπ ¥”‡π‘π°“√ ¡’°“√ªØ‘∫µ— ∂‘ °Ÿ µâÕß‡æ’¬ß √âÕ¬≈– 84.21 ‡¡◊ÕË ºà“π°“√Õ∫√¡À≈—° Ÿµ√°Æ°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫µ— ‘ ‰¥â∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡¢÷È𠇪ìπ√âÕ¬≈– 94.74 5) ≈—°…≥–¢Õß√∂‡¢Áπ∑’Ë„™â‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ: °àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√æ∫«à“ªØ‘∫—µ‘∂Ÿ°

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

105

∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ µ“√“ß∑’Ë 5 ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫º≈°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π ∂“π欓∫“≈¢Õß√—∞ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï 2552 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π (n=19)

°àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√ (·Ààß)

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11 19 14 18 9 17 13 9

57.89 100.00 73.68 84.21 47.31 89.47 68.42 47.31

µâ Õ ß‡æ’ ¬ ß √â Õ ¬≈– 47.37 ‡¡◊Ë Õ ºà “ π°“√Õ∫√¡ À≈— ° Ÿ µ √°Æ°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ ¢ «à “ ¥â « ¬°“√ ®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫—µ‘‰¥â∂Ÿ° µâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 78.95 6) ∂“π∑’æË °— √«¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ : °àÕπ ¥”‡π‘π°“√¡’°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈– 89.47 ‡¡◊ËÕ ºà“π°“√Õ∫√¡À≈—° Ÿµ√°Æ°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“ ¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫—µ‘ ‰¥â∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇æ‘Ë¡‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 94.74 7) °“√°”®— ¥ ¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ : °à Õ π ¥”‡π‘π°“√¡’°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈՇ撬ß√âÕ¬≈– 68.42 ‡¡◊ËÕºà“π°“√Õ∫√¡À≈—° Ÿµ√°Æ°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ «à“¥â«¬°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545 ªØ‘∫—µ‘‰¥â∂Ÿ°µâÕß √âÕ¬≈– 78.95 ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß∑â Õ ß∂‘Ë π „π°“√®— ¥ °“√ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ®“°°Æ°√–∑√«ß«à“¥â«¬°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ æ.».2545 „Àâ ¡’ º ≈„™â ∫— ß §— ∫ „π∑â Õ ß∑’Ë 106 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

à߇ √‘¡„Àâ§π‰∑¬ ÿ¢¿“楒

º≈µà“ß (·Ààß)

À≈—ߥ”‡π‘π°“√ (·Ààß)

17 19 18 18 15 18 15 15

89.47 100.00 94.74 94.74 78.95 94.74 78.95 78.95

®”π«π

√âÕ¬≈–

6 0 4 0 6 1 2 6

31.57 0.00 21.05 0.00 31.57 5.26 10.52 31.57

‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊Õß·≈–‡∑»∫“≈π§√∑ÿ°·Ààß ”À√—∫ ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ¡’‡∑»∫“≈π§√®”π«π 1 ·Ààß ·≈–‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊Õß 2 ·Ààß ®“°°“√ Õ∫∂“¡ æ∫«à“ ∑ÿ°·Àà߉¡à‰¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡à¡’ ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë®∫°“√»÷°…“µ“¡∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ ‰¡à¡’°“√ ÕÕ°‡∑»∫—≠≠—µ‘ ‰¡à‰¥â®—¥ √√ß∫ª√–¡“≥ ·≈– ª√–‡¥Áπªí≠À“∑’Ë ”§—≠§◊Õ ∂â“®–¥”‡π‘π°“√‡º“ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ®–µâÕ߇ ’¬§à“„™â®à“¬„π°“√¥”‡π‘π °“√ Ÿß¡“° ®÷ß∑”„Àâ∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë„πª√–‡¥Áππ’ȉ¡à ‰¥â‡ÀÁ𧫓¡ ”§—≠®“°ºŸâ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß

√ÿª·≈–Õ¿‘ª√“¬º≈°“√»÷°…“ °“√»÷ ° …“°“√®— ¥ °“√¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ „π ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ‡ªìπ°“√»÷°…“„π ∂“π 欓∫“≈ —ß°—¥°√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ ß“π à « π„À≠à ‡ ªì π ‡æ»™“¬ √–¥— ∫ §«“¡√Ÿâ √ –¥— ∫ ª√‘≠≠“µ√’ ¡’ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑”ß“π‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°“√ §«∫§ÿ ¡ °“√µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ „π ∂“π∫√‘ ° “√ ª√‘ ¡ “≥

°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ªï æ.». 2552

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Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õß ¡À«—ß ¥à“π™—¬«‘®‘µ√ (2538)8 ·≈–‰æ√‘π∑√å ‡°’¬√µ‘ πÿ ∑√“π—π∑å (2548)6 ¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ §«√¡’ ° “√·¬°‡°Á ∫ µà “ ßÀ“°®“° ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬∑—«Ë ‰ª ·≈–§«√∑”°“√·¬°‡°Á∫ ≥ ®ÿ¥°”‡π‘¥ Àâ“¡π”¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬¡“√«¡°—π¿“¬À≈—ß ‡æ√“–®–∑”„Àâ ‡™◊ÕÈ ‚√§·æ√à°√–®“¬‰¥â °“√¢π¬â“¬¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈¬—ߪؑ∫—µ‘µ—«‰¡à∂Ÿ° µâ Õ ß‡À¡“– ¡ §◊ Õ ¢“¥§«“¡µ√–Àπ— ° „π°“√ ªÑÕß°—πµπ‡Õß ´÷Ëßµ“¡À≈—°°“√§«√¡’°“√Õ∫√¡ ™’È · π–„Àâ ‡ ¢â “ „®∫∑∫“∑·≈–«‘ ∏’ ° “√ªØ‘ ∫— µ‘ „ π °√–∫«π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ à«π√∂‡¢Áπ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕæ∫«à“À≈“¬·Àà߬—ß¡’ªí≠À“‡æ√“– π”¢¬–¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬∑—Ë«‰ª‡¢Áπ√«¡°—∫¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ∂÷ß ·¡â®–¡’°“√·¬°∂ÿߢ¬–ÕÕ°®“°°—π·≈â«°Áµ“¡ ·µà °Á¬—ß¡’‚Õ°“ ªπ‡ªóôÕπ‰¥â‡™àπ°—π ¥â“π°“√°”®—¥ ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ¡’‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈– 78.95 ‚¥¬„™â‡µ“ ‡º“¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ‡ªìπ‡µ“‡º“¢¬–∑’ˉ¥â¡“µ√∞“𠵓¡À≈—° ÿ¢“¿‘∫“≈ ¢Õß°ÕßÕπ“¡—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ °√¡Õπ“¡—¬ (2538) √–∫∫‡µ“‡º“¡’§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡ ´÷Ëß√–∫∫π’È “¡“√∂≈¥¿“«–¡≈æ‘…∑“ßÕ“°“»‰¥â Õ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß∑â Õ ß∂‘Ë π °— ∫ °“√¥”‡π‘ π °“√ ®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ „π®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ¬—߉¡à‰¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√µ√“‡∑»∫—≠≠—µ‘ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°¬—ß ‰¡à¡∫’ §ÿ ≈“°√∑’¡Ë §’ «“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π¥â“ππ’È ¬—ß ‰¡à‰¥â®¥— √√ß∫ª√–¡“≥„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π ‡π◊ÕË ß®“° °“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕµâÕß ‘Èπ‡ª≈◊Õß§à“„™â®à“‡ªìπ®”π«π¡“°„π°“√ √â“߇µ“‡º“ §à“°“√®—¥´◊ÈÕ ∑’Ë¥‘π ·≈–§à“∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√

¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–®“°°“√»÷°…“ 1. ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π¥â“π°“√®—¥°“√ ¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ „π ∂“π欓∫“≈‡ªì π ‰ªÕ¬à “ ß¡’ ª√– ‘ ∑ ∏‘ ¿ “æ §«√„Àâ ¡’ ° “√®— ¥ µ—È ß ‡ªì π √Ÿ ª §≥–

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∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ °√√¡°“√¥”‡π‘ π ß“π¢ÕßÀπà « ¬ß“π ·≈–¡’ ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑ÿ°ª√–‡¿∑ ‡æ◊ËÕ√à«¡°—πÀ“«‘∏’¥”‡π‘πß“π ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕß ‡À¡“– ¡ 2. ‚√ß欓∫“≈∑ÿ°·Ààߧ«√®—¥À“∂—ßÀ√◊Õ Õÿ ª °√≥å ”À√— ∫ ∑‘È ß ¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ ·≈–¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ∑—Ë « ‰ªÕ¬à “ ß‡æ’ ¬ ßæÕ ‚¥¬Õÿ ª °√≥å µâ Õ ß¡’ § «“¡ ‡À¡“– ¡ –¥«°µàÕºŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘·≈–‰¡à∑”„Àâ¡Ÿ≈ΩÕªπ°—π‰¥â 3. ‚√ß欓∫“≈§«√¥”‡π‘π°“√®—¥Õ∫√¡ ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑ÿ°§π ‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ∑’∂Ë °Ÿ µâÕß ·≈–‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π∑’°Ë ”Àπ¥ √«¡∑—Èß®—¥µ—Èߧ≥–°√√¡°“√µ√«® Õ∫ µ‘¥µ“¡ ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ ·≈–·®âߺ≈°≈—∫‰ª¬—ß®ÿ¥∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π „Àâ∑√“∫ 4. ‚√ß欓∫“≈§«√¥”‡π‘ π °“√®— ¥ À“√∂ ¢π¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°‡°≥±å Õ¬à“ß πâÕ¬ 2 §—π ‰¡à§«√π”√∂‡¢Áπ‡°à“Ê ¡“ª√–¬ÿ°µå ‡æ√“–®–∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√·æ√à°√–®“¬¢Õ߇™◊ÈÕ‚√§‰¥â 5. Õߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘πË ∑’¡Ë »’ °— ¬¿“æ ¡’ß∫ª√–¡“≥ §«√®–¥”‡π‘π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ‡Õß ‚¥¬°“√√—∫¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ®“°Àπà«∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ∂“π欓∫“≈ À√◊Õ·À≈àß °”‡π‘¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕÕ◊ËπÊ „πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë„°≈⇧’¬ß ¡“ ¥”‡π‘π°“√®—¥°“√‡º“∑”≈“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ≈¥§à“„™â®à“¬„π ¿“æ√«¡ ·≈– –¥«°„π°“√§«∫§ÿ ¡ À√◊ Õ °“√

∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√‰¥â‡À¡“– ¡¬‘Ëߢ÷Èπ 6. °“√®— ¥ °“√¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ „π®— ß À«— ¥ π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ∑—Èß„π ∂“π欓∫“≈·≈– à«π ∑â Õ ß∂‘Ë π πà “ ®–¡’ ° “√®— ¥ °“√√à « ¡°— π ‚¥¬¢¬– ¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬∑—Ë « ‰ª„Àâ ‡ ∑»∫“≈‡ªì π ºŸâ °”®— ¥ ‡æ√“–¡’ ∂“π∑’Ë à « π¡Ÿ ≈ ΩÕ¬µ‘ ¥ ‡™◊È Õ „Àâ ∂“π欓∫“≈ °”®—¥‡æ√“–¡’‡µ“‡º“∑’ˉ¥â¡“µ√∞“π

¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–‡æ◊ËÕ°“√«‘®—¬§√—ÈßµàÕ‰ª 1. ‚√ß欓∫“≈∑ÿ°·Ààß §«√∑”°“√»÷°…“ «‘®¬— ‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“懰’¬Ë «°—∫°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß„Àâºà“πµ“¡‡°≥±å¡“µ√∞“π HA 2. §«√»÷°…“«‘®—¬‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“æ„π°“√§—¥ ·¬°¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ ≥ ®ÿ¥°”‡π‘¥ ¢ÕߺŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ ß“π·≈–∫ÿ§≈“°√·µà≈–«‘™“™’æ ‡æ◊ËÕ®–‰¥â»÷°…“ À“ ·π«∑“ßæ— ≤ π“ ª√— ∫ ª√ÿ ß ·°â ‰ ¢„Àâ ‡ °‘ ¥ §«“¡ ‡À¡“– ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ≈¥§à“„™â®à“¬„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ

°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» °“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È ”‡√Á®≈ÿ≈à«ß‰ª¥â«¬¥’ µâÕß ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ §≥–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˺ŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π°“√ §«∫§ÿ¡¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ∑ÿ°‚√ß欓∫“≈„π®—ßÀ«—¥ π§√»√’ ∏ √√¡√“™ µ—È ß ·µà √ –¥— ∫ ºŸâ ∫ √‘ À “√‰ª∂÷ ß ºŸâ ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π∑ÿ°§π

‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1.°√¡§«∫§ÿ¡¡≈æ‘…. ·π«∑“ß°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ¢ÕßÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ. °√ÿ߇∑æ: ”π—°æ‘¡æå ‰Õ‡¥’¬ ·§«√å; 2551 2. °√¡Õπ“¡—¬ »Ÿπ¬å∫√‘°“√°ÆÀ¡“¬ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. §Ÿà¡◊Õ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“πµ“¡°Æ°√–∑√«ß«à“¥â«¬°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕµ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ æ.».2545. ππ∑∫ÿ√’, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; 2546 3.°√¡§«∫§ÿ¡¡≈æ‘…. °“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ·∫∫»Ÿπ¬å√«¡ ”À√—∫Õߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘πË . °√ÿ߇∑æ: .æ‘®‘µ√°“√æ‘¡æå; 2553 4. ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™. √ÿªº≈°“√¥”‡π‘πß“πª√–®”ªï 2552. °≈ÿ¡à ß“πÕπ“¡—¬ ‘ßË ·«¥≈âÕ¡; 2552 108 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

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5.Õ¿‘π—π∑å ÿ¢∫∑. ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß∫ÿ§≈“°√„π°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ °√≥’»÷°…“‚√ß欓∫“≈‡¡µµ“ª√–™“√—°…å («—¥‰√à¢ß‘ ) ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√ª∞¡. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“ —ߧ¡»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ. ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈; 2547 6.‰æ√‘π∑√å ‡°’¬√µ‘ πÿ ∑√“π—π∑å. ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ ¢Õß‚√ß欓∫“≈‡™’¬ß√“¬ª√–™“πÿ‡§√“–Àå Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡◊Õß ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™’¬ß√“¬. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“¡À“∫—≥±‘µ. ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à; 2548 7. ÿ√™—¬ ªÉ“¬ª“π. ·π«∑“ß°“√®—¥°“√¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ „π‚√ß欓∫“≈™ÿ¡™π : °√≥’»°÷ …“‚√ß欓∫“≈‚æ∏‘ªÏ √–∑—∫™â“ß ®—ßÀ«—¥æ‘®‘µ√. °“√§âπ§«â“·∫∫Õ‘ √– »».¡. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à : ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à; 2542 8. ¡À«—ß ¥à“π™—¬«‘®µ‘ √ ·≈–‡∑æπ‘¡µ‘ ®ÿ·¥ß. §Ÿ¡à Õ◊ °“√ªØ‘∫µ— ß‘ “π°“√°”®—¥¡Ÿ≈ΩÕ¬µ‘¥‡™◊ÕÈ . ¡ÿ∑√ª√“°“√ : ø®Õ√å °√“øøî§; 2539.

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