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∫∑§—¥¬àÕ ∫∑π”·≈–«—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å „π√Õ∫∑»«√√…∑’˺à“π¡“ °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢¡’π‚¬∫“¬≈¥Õ—µ√“°“√µ—Èß §√√¿å„π µ√’∑’Ë¡’Õ“¬ÿπâÕ¬°«à“ 20 ªï „ÀâµË”°«à“ √âÕ¬≈– 10 ´÷Ë߇ªìπ°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å·≈–§≈Õ¥„π°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈– ‡¬“«™π ·µà·π«‚πâ¡°“√§≈Õ¥„π°≈ÿà¡¥—ß°≈à“«°≈—∫ Ÿß¢÷ÈπÕ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß °√¡Õπ“¡—¬®÷ß»÷°…“惵‘°√√¡·≈– ∑—»π§µ‘¥â“πÕπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå„π°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–‡¬“«™π ‡æ◊ËÕ„™â‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß„π°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√¥”‡π‘π ß“πµàÕ‰ª √–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’°“√«‘®—¬ ‡ªìπ°“√»÷°…“‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Descriptive study) ‚¥¬„™â·∫∫‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈«—√ÿàπ·≈–‡¬“«™π ¥”‡π‘π°“√ „π‡¥◊Õπ°ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2552 °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇ªìππ—°‡√’¬π π—°»÷°…“ ™“¬ À≠‘ß √–¥—∫ ¡—∏¬¡ Õ“™’«–·≈–Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“ „π°√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√ ‡™’¬ß„À¡à ·≈–π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™ ®”π«π∑—Èß ‘Èπ 1,623 √“®”·π°‡ªìπ√–¥—∫¡—∏¬¡µâπ ®”π«π 529 √“¬ ¡—∏¬¡ª≈“¬ ®”π«π 481 √“¬ Õ“™’«»÷°…“®”π«π 401 √“¬ ·≈– Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“®”π«π 212 √“¬ º≈°“√»÷°…“ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’Õ“¬ÿ ‡©≈’ˬ 17.5 ªï √âÕ¬≈– 11.1 Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà‚¥¬≈”æ—ß À√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπÀ√◊Õ·øπ §√÷ËßÀπ÷ËߢÕß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’·øπÀ√◊Õ§π√—°·≈â« √âÕ¬≈– 31 ¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇§¬¡’ ‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å·≈â« (√âÕ¬≈– 37 „πºŸâ™“¬ ·≈–√âÕ¬≈– 25 „π‡æ»À≠‘ß) ·≈–°«à“Àπ÷Ëß„π “¡(√âÕ¬≈– 34.9 ) ‰¡à ‰¥â¡’°“√ªÑÕß°—π„¥Ê „π°“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å§√—Èß·√° ™àÕß∑“ß°“√√—∫√Ÿâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√‡√◊ËÕß ‡æ»»÷°…“ ‰¥â®“°§√Ÿ Õ“®“√¬å ‚∑√∑—»πå ·≈–Õ‘π‡∑Õ√å‡πµ „°≈⇧’¬ß°—π §◊Õ√âÕ¬≈– 69.7, 53.9 ·≈– 58.8 ‡«Á∫‰´¥å∑„’Ë ™â‡¢â“∂÷ߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈‡√◊ÕË ß sex ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ‡«Á∫‰´¥å google ´÷Ëß Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑√“∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√µà“ßÊ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß‡æ» »÷°…“ ®“°‡«Á∫‰´¥å ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ √âÕ¬≈– 60.5 √Õß≈ß¡“ §◊Õ »Ÿπ¬å„À⧔ª√÷°…“‡√◊ËÕß ‡æ»»÷°…“ „π ∂“π∫√‘°“√ ¢Õß√—∞ √âÕ¬≈– 46.1 ‘ËߺŸ°¡—¥§«“¡√—°„𧫓¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ §◊Õ µâÕß„ÀâæàÕ·¡àºŸâª°§√Õß·µà≈–ΩÉ“¬‰¥â√—∫√Ÿâ √âÕ¬≈– 56.9 §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ∑’Ë¥’¥â“πÕπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå §◊Õ «—¬√ÿàπ√âÕ¬≈– 80.6 ‡ÀÁπ«à“‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕß¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å°àÕπ·µàßß“π ·≈–æ∫«—¬√ÿàπ¬—߇¢â“„®º‘¥«à“ ¬“‡¡Á¥§ÿ¡°”‡π‘¥ ¬“©’¥§ÿ¡°”‡π‘¥ “¡“√∂ªÑÕß°—π‚√§ µ‘¥µàÕ∑“ß‡æ» —¡æ—π∏剥⠢âÕ‡ πÕ·π– °“√√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°¿“§ à«πµà“ß Ê °”Àπ¥¡“µ√°“√ π—∫ πÿπ °“√ √â“ß §à“π‘¬¡ °“√ à߇ √‘¡§«“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇√◊ËÕ߇滻÷°…“ ·≈–ß“πÕπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå „Àâ “¡“√∂ À≈’°‡≈’ˬ߰“√¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å °“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å∑’ˉ¡àæ÷ߪ√– ß§å ·≈–‡ªìπ°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡ „Àâ Õ¥§≈âÕßµ“¡º≈ °“√»÷°…“„π°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–‡¬“«™π„À≥â 120 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

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Research on Youth Reproductive Health Behaviours and Attitudes Paradee Chansmorn Kittipong Sae jeng Prakaidao Rabeng Bureau of Reproductive Health

Technical Official Director Technical Official

Abstract Introduction and Objective: In the past decade, Ministry of Public Health has announced health policy in reducing underage pregnancy (age under 20 years) to be lesser than 10 percent of total pregnancy in youth and adolescence. However underage pregnancy tended to be continuously increased, thus Department of Health has conducted research on youth reproductive health behavior and attitude to be used in planning strategic plan. Research Methodology: Descriptive study was use by conducting survey of boys and girls at vocational level, secondary school level and university level in Bangkok and other provinces total of 1,623 cases in February 2009. The sample group was separated as 529 cases from firstthird year of secondary schools, 481 cases from fourth - sixth year of secondary schools, 401 cases from vocational schools and 212 case from universities. Research Finding: Average age of the sample group was 17.5 years and research findings were 11.1 percent living alone or with friends or boy/girl friends, 50 % of the sample group had boy/girl friend, 31% of the sample group had sexual intercourse (37% of boys and 25 % of girls had sexual intercourse). Also research finding showed that more than one third (34.9%) of the group did not use any protection when having first sexual intercourse, and sexual information channel for the survey group was from teachers (69.7%), television (53.9%) and internet (58.8%) which were not differentiate. Media channel that were most used by sample group in accessing sexual information were website google 60.5%, second use was Government Services (Sexual Counselling Centers) at 46.1%. Youth attitude in relationship bondage were parental recognition (56.9%) and good reproductive health attitude was to have sex after marriage (80.6%). Also the survey found that youth and adolescence still have wrong perception that contraceptive pills and contraceptive injectables could prevent sexual transmitted diseases. Suggestions: From collaboration with other organizations in creating values, giving information, and creating understanding of sex education and reproductive health, youths and adolescences was avoid unwanted pregnancy, and they could plan for pregnancy which was relevant to the study of youth and adolescences.

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

121

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«—¬·√ßß“π 5.7 §π µàÕºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ 1 §π

«—¬·√ßß“πµàÕºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ 2563 2573

«—¬·√ßß“π 3.8 §π µàÕºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ 1 §π

«—¬·√ßß“π 2.4 §π µàÕºŸâ ŸßÕ“¬ÿ 1 §π

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∂“π»÷ ° …“ √–¥— ∫ ¡— ∏ ¬¡µâ π ¡— ∏ ¬¡ª≈“Õ“™’«»÷°…“ ·≈–Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“ ‚¥¬‡≈◊Õ° ÿà¡®—ßÀ«—¥ ·≈–‡≈◊ Õ ° ÿà ¡ ‚√߇√’ ¬ π ∑—È ß „π‡¢µ‡¡◊ Õ ß ·≈– πÕ°‡¢µ‡¡◊Õß ·∫∫‡©æ“–‡®“–®ß ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπµ— «·∑π„π°“√»÷°…“ √–À«à“ß«—π∑’Ë 26 ¡.§.2552 6 °.æ.2552 ´÷Ëß¡’¢—ÈπµÕπ¥—ßµàÕ‰ªπ’È ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ °“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È„™â·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß ¡◊Õ„π°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ §◊Õ·∫∫‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡ΩÑ“√–«—ߥâ“π Õπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå„π°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–‡¬“«™π ∑’Ë √â“ߢ÷πÈ ‚¥¬ºŸ‡â ™’¬Ë «™“≠¥â“πÕπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå ·≈–‰¥â𔉪∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡‡∑’ˬߵ√ß·≈â« °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ª√–™“°√°≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“ §√—Èßπ’È ‡ªìππ—°‡√’¬π·≈–π—°»÷°…“ ∑—Èß™“¬·≈– À≠‘ß∑’°Ë ”≈—ß»÷°…“„π√–¥—∫¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 ¡—∏¬¡ »÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 6 Õ“™’«»÷°…“(ª«™.) ·≈–Õÿ¥¡»÷°…“ ∑’Ë∂Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ° ÿà¡·≈–¬‘π¥’ ¡—§√„®‡¢â“√à«¡°“√»÷°…“ ∑—Èß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà‡¢µ‡¡◊Õß·≈–πÕ°‡¢µ‡¡◊Õß ®”π«π 14 ∂“∫— π °“√»÷ ° …“ „π 3 ®— ß À«— ¥ ‰¥â · °à °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√ (392 √“¬ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 24.1) π§√»√’∏√√¡√“™(603 √“¬ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 37.2) ·≈–‡™’¬ß„À¡à (628 √“¬ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 38.7) √«¡∑—Èß ‘Èπ 1,623 √“∂‘µ‘∑’Ë„™â„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå «‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â«¬ ∂‘µ‘√âÕ¬≈– «‘∏’¥”‡π‘π°“√»÷°…“ 1. ª√– “πß“π°—∫ ∂“∫—π°“√»÷°…“∑’‰Ë ¥â√— ∫°“√ ÿà¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ‡¢â“¥”‡π‘π°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ 2. °“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ≥ ∂“π»÷°…“∑’Ë∂Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ° ÿà¡ ´÷Ë߉¥â¡’°“√µ‘¥µàÕπ—¥ À¡“¬π—°‡√’¬πÀ√◊Õπ—°»÷°…“°≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬∑’Ë®– ‡¢â “ √à « ¡°“√ ”√«®µ“¡«— 𠇫≈“∑’Ë °”Àπ¥ ≥ ÀâÕ߇√’¬π´÷Ëß®–∂Ÿ°®—¥„π≈—°…≥–ÀâÕß Õ∫ ¡’∑’Ëπ—Ëß

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

123

∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ ®”π«π 40-50 ∑’Ëπ—Ëß °àÕπ°“√µÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ µ—«·∑π®–¡’°“√™’È·®ß √ÿª‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√ ‡¢â“√à«¡ °“√»÷°…“„Àâ°∫— ºŸ∑â ’Ë ¡—§√„®‡¢â“√à«¡ °“√»÷°…“ ·≈– ‡ªî¥‚Õ°“ „Àâ¡’°“√´—°∂“¡ °“√µÕ∫·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ „™â‡«≈“ª√–¡“≥ 10-15 π“∑’ 3. ∫— π ∑÷ ° ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ „π·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ·≈– ∑”°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·ª≈º≈µàÕ‰ª 4. √“¬ß“πº≈°“√»÷°…“„Àâ°—∫Àπ૬∑’Ë„Àâ §«“¡√à « ¡¡◊ Õ ‡ªì π µ— « Õ¬à “ ß∑’Ë »÷ ° …“ ‡æ◊Ë Õ ‡ªì π ·π«∑“ß„π°“√°”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬ À√◊ Õ °”Àπ¥ ·π«∑“ß°“√·°âªí≠À“µàÕ‰ª

º≈°“√»÷°…“ °“√√“¬ß“πº≈°“√ ”√«®æƒµ‘°√√¡·≈– ∑—»π§µ‘ ¥â“πÕπ“¡—¬‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπ·≈– ‡¬“«™π ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬º≈°“√»÷°…“ 4 à«πÀ≈—° ‰¥â·°à 1. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß 2. ¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ¥â “ π惵‘ ° √√¡¢Õß°≈ÿà ¡ «— ¬ √ÿà π ·≈–‡¬“«™π®”·π°µ“¡‡æ» √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ „π ™ÿ¡™π‡¡◊Õß·≈–πÕ°™ÿ¡™π‡¡◊Õß 3. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â“π∑—»π§µ‘¢Õß°≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈– ‡¬“«™π®”·π°µ“¡‡æ» √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ „π ™ÿ¡™π‡¡◊Õß·≈–πÕ°™ÿ¡™π‡¡◊Õß 4. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈惵‘°√√¡·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õß °≈ÿà¡«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–‡¬“«™π∑’ˇ§¬¡’‡æ» —¡æ—π∏å ‰¥âº≈ √ÿª°“√»÷°…“ ¥—ßπ’È 1. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß µ— « Õ¬à “ ß∑’Ë ∑”°“√»÷ ° …“¡’ ®”π«π∑—È ß ‘È π 1,623 √“¬ ‡ªì𙓬 √âÕ¬≈– 44 ·≈–À≠‘ß√âÕ¬≈– 56 Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’¬Ë 17 ªï Õ“¬ÿµË” ÿ¥ 14 ªï ·≈–Õ“¬ÿ ߟ ÿ¥ 29 ªï √âÕ¬≈– 79.3 Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∫‘¥“¡“√¥“ ·≈– √âÕ¬≈– 11.1 Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà‚¥¬≈”æ—ßÀ√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ À√◊Õ·øπ »÷°…“„π√–¥—∫¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“®”π«π 1,010 124 °√°Æ“§¡ - °—𬓬π 2554 °√¡Õπ“¡—¬

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

125

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

July - September 2011

127

∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1. ”π—°ß“π ∂‘µ‘·Ààß™“µ‘ °√–∑√«ß‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ “√ π‡∑»·≈–°“√ ◊ËÕ “√. ®”π«πª√–™“°√®“°°“√∑–‡∫’¬π : °√¡ °“√ª°§√Õß °√–∑√«ß¡À“¥‰∑¬; 2550.

2. ¿“æ—≤π“°“√‡»√…∞°‘®·≈– —ߧ¡·Ààß™“µ‘. ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√ª√–™ÿ¡§≥–°√√¡°“√æ—≤π“Õπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå ·Ààß™“µ‘: °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߪ√–™“°√. ‡Õ° “√Õ—¥ ”‡π“;2552 3. πæ. ÿ√‘¬‡¥« ∑√’ª“µ’. ç«—¬√ÿàπ°—∫‡æ» —¡æ—π∏åé. http://www.dekplus.org/update/download.html. [2551].

4. ‡Õ·∫§‚æ≈≈å. çª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–∑√√»π–¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπµàÕªí≠À“惵‘°√√¡∑“߇滄πªí®®ÿ∫—π: °√≥’»÷°…“µ—«Õ¬à“ß ª√–™“™π∑’Ë¡’Õ“¬ÿ 15 - 25 ªï„π‡¢µ°√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√·≈–ª√‘¡≥±≈é.

5. °ÕßÕπ“¡—¬°“√‡®√‘≠æ—π∏ÿå. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°“√µ—Èߧ√√¿å„π«—¬√ÿàπ . http://www.rh.anamai.moph.go.th;2552 6. World Health Organization. A picture of Health: A Review and annotated bibliography of the health of young people in developing countries. Geneva: WHO;1995.

7. ÿ«™—¬ Õ‘π∑√ª√–‡ √‘∞ ·≈–§≥– ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. °“√¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æÀ≠‘߇°’ˬ«°—∫°“√·∑âß: ∂“π°“√≥å¢Õß°“√·∑âß„π ªí®®ÿ∫—π.°√ÿ߇∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕߧ尓√√—∫ àß ‘π§â“·≈–æ— ¥ÿ¿—≥±å(√. .æ.);2548 8. ™≈≈¥“ »√‡¥™. °“√‡ÀÁπ§ÿ≥§à“æ√À¡®“√’¢Õß«—¬√ÿàπÀ≠‘ß.ª√‘≠≠“π‘æπ∏å°“√»÷°…“¡À“∫—≥±‘µ “¢“«‘™“®‘µ«‘∑¬“°“√ ·π–·π«. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬»√’π§√‘π∑√«‘‚√≤; 2550 HEALTH

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