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Efficiency of Hospital Effluent for Growing Sugar Sweet Corn 75 Namfon Jumpamoon

Master of Public Health Thesis in Environmental Health Graduate School

Khon Kaen University.

Chatchai Jamsai Dr. Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty Of Public Health, Khon Kaen University.

Achara Thammathaworn Asst. Prof. Dr. Office of Genneral Education, Khon Kaen University.

Abstract The purpose of this project for study the effectiveness the waste water from the hospital for the growth of Sugar Sweet Corn 75 and the property of soil for Sugar Sweet Corn grown. The planning experiment by the randomized in the complete block. And compare between wastewater from the hospital and the water supply to sprinkle the corn grown in Nam Pong soil in 8 weeks.

Find that the quality of water for give the Sugar Corn is in accordance with the standards for sewage from the some building type and size all the parameters. For buildings type Ko and even in some of the parameters that have to comply with the requirements of the waste water in the agriculture. But that converse to give the effective to growth of corn and soil properties was differences due to had statistically significant at p<0.05 from receive with the water supply. Which find that and the corn had the fresh weight and dry weight 446.30 and 56.37 gram respectively. The height was 144.32 cms. and length of root s 64.96 cms. In the soil to planting the corn had the cement's electrical conductivity is 230.67 mS/cm had pH increased to 6.46 and the available phosphorus and the exchangeable potassium was 10.00 ppm and 246.02 ppm, respectively. Except the total nitrogen had different value was no statistically significant at p <0.05 So, had a possibility for that the hospital will choose eliminate and reduce the waste water into the environment. Due bring the waste water to reused grown the Sugar Sweet Corn. keyword : waste water from hospital reused waste water.

THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

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«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ °“√»÷°…“„™â√Ÿª·∫∫«‘®—¬‡™‘ß∑¥≈Õß (Experimental Research) «“ß·ºπ°“√∑¥≈Õß ·∫∫ ÿà¡„π∫≈ÁÕ° ¡∫Ÿ√≥å (Randomized Complete Block Design; RCBD) ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ 2 ∑√’∑‡¡πµå √–À«à“ßπÈ”∑‘ßÈ ‚√ß欓∫“≈°—∫πÈ”ª√–ª“ ®”π«π 3 ´È” ‡ªìπ‡«≈“ 8 —ª¥“Àå „™â«‘∏’°“√ ÿà¡ µ—«Õ¬à“ß‚¥¬°“√®—∫ ≈“° «“ßÀπ૬∑¥≈Õß‚¥¬¡’ √–¬–Àà “ ß√–À«à “ ßÀπà « ¬∑¥≈Õß ‡∑à “ °— ∫ 20 ‡´πµ‘‡¡µ√ ·≈–√–¬–Àà“ß√–À«à“ß∑√’∑‡¡πµå ‡∑à“°—∫ 60 ‡´πµ‘‡¡µ√ ¡’À≈—ߧ“ªÑÕß°—ππÈ”Ωπ ¥—ß¿“æ∑’Ë 1 ®“°π—πÈ ÿ¡à ª≈Ÿ°¢â“«‚æ¥ ®”π«π 10 µâπµàÕ°√–∂“ß „π™ÿ¥¥‘ππÈ”æÕß (Nam Phong series; Ng) ®”π«π 7 °‘‚≈°√—¡µàÕ°√–∂“ß „π™à«ß·√°√¥¥â«πÈ”ª√–ª“ ‡∑à“°—∫ 60 % ¢Õß§à“§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π °“√Õÿâ¡πÈ” (Water Holding Capacity; WHC) µ«ßπÈ”‚¥¬„™â°√–∫Õ°µ«ß·≈–√¥‚¥¬„™â‡¬◊Õ°‡∑ √“¥≈ß„π°√–∂“ß ¥—ß¿“æ∑’Ë 2 ‰ª®π∂÷ß«—π∑’Ë 7 ¢Õß °“√ª≈Ÿ° ·≈–∂Õπ·¬°„Àâ‡À≈◊Õ‡æ’¬ß 1 µâπµàÕ °√–∂“ß ®“°π—Èπ√¥πÈ”µ“¡∑√’∑‡¡πµå ‚¥¬‡°Á∫ µ—«Õ¬à“ßπÈ”∑‘Èß‚√ß欓∫“≈∑’˺à“π®“°√–∫∫∫”∫—¥ πÈ”‡ ’¬·∫∫‡Õ ∫’Õ“√å (Sequenzing Batch Reactor; SBR) ·≈–πÈ”ª√–ª“µ√«® Õ∫§ÿ≥¿“æ πÈ”°àÕπ√¥∑ÿ°§√—Èß Õ“»—¬®”π«π§√—Èß„π°“√√¥¢â“« ‚極“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¢Õߢ⓫‚æ¥ ‡¡◊ËÕ ‘Èπ ÿ¥ —ª¥“Àå∑”°“√ ÿࡇ°Á∫µ—«Õ¬à“ßµâπ¢â“«‚æ¥ ‡æ◊ËÕ «‘‡§√“–ÀåÀ“πÈ”Àπ—° ¥ πÈ”Àπ—°·Àâß §«“¡ Ÿß·≈– §«“¡¬“«√–∫∫√“° ·≈–µ—«Õ¬à“ߥ‘πª≈Ÿ°¢â“«‚æ¥ «‘‡§√“–ÀåÀ“‰π‚µ√‡®π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ (Total Nitrogen)

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øÕ øÕ√— ∑’‡Ë ªìπª√–‚¬™πå (Available Phosphorus) ‚æ·∑ ‡´’¬¡∑’·Ë ≈°‡ª≈’¬Ë π‰¥â (Exchangeable

Potassium) §à“§«“¡‡ªìπ°√¥·≈–¥à“ß (pH) ·≈– §à“§«“¡π”‰øøÑ“ (Electrical Conductivity; EC)

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nificant Difference (LSD) ∑’Ë√–¥—∫π—¬ ”§—≠ 0.05 ‚¥¬„™â‚ª√·°√¡ SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) ‡«Õ√å™—Ëπ 17.0 ≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï ¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ

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∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ º≈°“√»÷°…“ 1. πÈ”Àπ—° ¥ πÈ”Àπ—°·Àâß ·≈–§«“¡ Ÿß ¢Õߢ⓫‚æ¥ ¡’·π«‚π⡉ª„π∑‘»∑“߇¥’¬«°—π §◊Õ µ—Èß·µà —ª¥“Àå∑’Ë 1-8 πÈ”Àπ—° ¥¢Õߢ⓫‚æ¥∑’ˉ¥â √—∫πÈ”∑‘ßÈ ¡’§“à ‡∑à“°—∫ 6.30, 16.31, 35.72, 133.62, 203.01, 335.01 ·≈– 446.30 °√—¡ µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ß · ¥ß„π¿“æ∑’Ë 3 ·≈–¡’§«“¡·µ°µà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’𗔧—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ ∑’Ë√–¥—∫ p<0.05 °—∫¢â“«‚æ¥∑’ˉ¥â √—∫πÈ”ª√–ª“ πÈ”Àπ—°·ÀâߢÕߢ⓫‚æ¥∑’ˉ¥â√—∫πÈ” ∑‘Èߥ⫬‡™àπ°—π ‚¥¬¡’πÈ”Àπ—°·Àâß ‡∑à“°—∫ 0.73, 2.43, 3.61, 5.87, 13.12, 27.12, 37.47, 56.37

°√—¡ µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ´÷Ëß·µ°µà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ ∑’√Ë –¥—∫ p<0.05 °—∫¢â“«‚æ¥∑’‰Ë ¥â√∫— πÈ”ª√–ª“ µ≈Õ¥®π§«“¡ Ÿß¢Õߢ⓫‚æ¥∑’‰Ë ¥â√∫— πÈ”∑‘ßÈ ‡∑à“°—∫ 86.89, 91.72, 113.01, 122.01, 130.76, 137.46 ·≈– 144.32 ‡´πµ‘‡¡µ√ µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ß· ¥ß„π ¿“æ∑’Ë 4 ·≈–¬—ß¡’§«“¡·µ°µà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ p<0.05 ®“°¢â“«‚æ¥∑’ˉ¥â√—∫πÈ” ª√–ª“ · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“πÈ”∑‘È߉¡à àߺ≈µàÕ°“√‡®√‘≠ ‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õߢ⓫‚æ¥ °≈—∫∑”„Àâ¡’°“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ ‡ªìπ‰ª„π∑“ß∑’Ë¥’

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

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THAILAND JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

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°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» °“√«‘®—¬π’ȉ¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°‚§√ß°“√ »÷ ° …“ ¿“æªí ≠ À“ ·π«∑“ß°“√·°â ‰ ¢ °“√ §«∫§ÿ¡¥Ÿ·≈√–∫∫∫”∫—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬œ ·≈–‚√ß欓∫“≈ ´” Ÿß ®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ „π¥â“π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∂“π∑’Ë «— ¥ÿ ·≈–Õÿª°√≥å ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥‡®â“Àπâ“∑’∑Ë °ÿ §π∑’‡Ë °’¬Ë «¢âÕß µ≈Õ¥®π¢Õ¢Õ∫æ√–§ÿ≥ºŸâ™à«¬»“ µ√“®“√¬å ¥√. °“≠π‘∂“ §√Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘ ·≈– ¥√. ¡™“¬ ¥“√“ √—µπå ·≈–§≥“®“√¬å∑ÿ°∑à“π∑’ˉ¥â„À⧔·π–π”·≈– Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ®π∑”„Àâ°“√«‘®—¬§√—Èßπ’È ”‡√Á®≈ÿ≈à«ß‰ª ‰¥â¥â«¬¥’

‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß 1. °√¡§«∫§ÿ¡¡≈æ‘…. πÈ”‡ ’¬™ÿ¡™π. §âπ‡¡◊ËÕ 20 ¡‘∂ÿπ“¬π 2553, ®“° http://www.pcd.go.th/_serv/water wt.html#s1; 2548.

2. ∏ß™—¬ æ√√≥ «— ¥‘.Ï °“√°”®—¥‰π‚µ√‡®π·≈–øÕ øÕ√— ∑“ß™’«¿“æ. æ‘¡æå§√—ßÈ ∑’Ë 2.°√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ¡“§¡ «‘»«°√√¡ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡;2545.

3. ”π—°®—¥°“√§ÿ≥¿“æπÈ” °√¡§«∫§ÿ¡¡≈æ‘…. √–∫∫∫”∫—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬√«¡™ÿ¡™πª√–‡∑» ‰∑¬ æ.». 2552. §âπ‡¡◊ËÕ 6 ∏—𫓧¡ 2553, ®“° http://wqm.pcd.go.th/water/index.php/;2553.

4. ∏ß™—¬ æ√√≥ «— ¥‘.Ï §Ÿ¡à Õ◊ °“√ÕÕ°·∫∫√–∫∫√–∫“¬πÈ”‡ ’¬·≈–πÈ”Ωπ. æ‘¡æå§√—ßÈ ∑’Ë 4.°√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬;2537.

5. °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. °“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫∫”∫—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬‚√ß欓∫“≈.ππ∑∫ÿ√’: [¡.ª.æ], 2541.

6. ¡—Ëπ ‘π µ—≥±ÿ≈‡«»¡å·≈–¡—Ëπ√—°…å µ—≥±ÿ≈‡«»¡å. ‡§¡’«‘∑¬“¢ÕßπÈ”·≈–πÈ”‡ ’¬. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 2. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬;2547.

7. Even E. Effect of Hospital Wastewater on Aquatic Ecosystem. Desalination 2002; 210(14): 178188.

8. World Health Organization. Analysis of Wastewater for Use in Agricultural-A Laboratory Manual of Parasitological and Bacterioligical Techniques. Geneva: The Organization;1996.

9. ∏ß™—¬ æ√√≥ «— ¥‘.Ï ·π«∑“ß°“√≈¥ª√‘¡“≥ “√ª√–°Õ∫øÕ øÕ√— „ππÈ”∑‘ßÈ ™ÿ¡™π®“°°“√„™â “√´—°øÕ°. Thai Environmental Engineering Journal 2539; 10(1): 1-58.

10. Asano T. The role of wastewater reclamation and Re-use in sustainable water resources management. GAIA 2002; 33(10-11): 1024-32.

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∫ ∑ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ° “ √ 11. Arslan A. Reuse potential of Urban wastewater treatment plant Effluents in Turkey: a case study on selected plants. Desalination 2007; 215(1-3): 159-65.

12. ™—™™“¬ ·®à¡„ . §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢Õß°“√π”µ–°ÕππÈ”‡ ’¬‚√ß欓∫“≈‡æ◊ÕË „™â„π°“√ª≈Ÿ°¢â“«‚æ¥. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å ª√‘≠≠“«‘∑¬“»“ µ√¥ÿ…Æ’∫≥ — ±‘µ “¢“«‘™“ª∞æ’»“ µ√å ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ;2549.

13. √—µπ’ §”¡Ÿ≈§√. º≈¢ÕßπÈ”∑‘Èß®“°√–∫∫∫”∫—¥πÈ”‡ ’¬‡æ◊ËÕ√¥ π“¡À≠â“·≈– «πÀ¬àÕ¡„π‚√ß欓∫“≈®‘µ‡«™. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ “¢“«‘™“Õπ“¡—¬ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ;2552.

14. »‘√‘æ√ »√’ÕâÕ¡. °“√»÷°…“§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â¢Õß°“√„™âπÈ”∑‘Èß®“°‚√ßß“πÕÿµ “À°√√¡‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡°…µ√‚¥¬π”§à“ §«“¡π”‰øøÑ“·≈–§à“§«“¡‡ªìπ°√¥·≈–¥à“߇ªìπµ—«™’«È ¥— . «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“«‘∑¬“»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ “¢“«‘™“∑√—欓°√°“√‡°…µ√·≈– ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ;2549.

15. æ—™√‘π∑√å ƒ™ÿ«√“√—°…å. °“√»÷°…“§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â¢Õß°“√π”πÈ”‡ ’¬®“°™ÿ¡™π„π¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¢Õπ·°àπ‡æ◊ËÕ °“√‡°…µ√. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“«‘∑¬“»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ “¢“«‘™“∑√—欓°√°“√‡°…µ√·≈– ‘Ëß ·«¥≈âÕ¡ ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ;2541.

16. √“«ÿ∏ ∏’«’√–ªí≠≠“. º≈¢ÕßπÈ”‡ ’¬®“°·À≈àß™ÿ¡™π∑’Ë¡’µàÕ°“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ·≈–°“√„Àâº≈º≈‘µ¢Õß∂—Ë«‡À≈◊Õß. «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“«‘∑¬“»“ µ√¡À“∫—≥±‘µ (‡°…µ√»“ µ√å) “¢“«‘™“æ◊™‰√à ∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à;2545.

17. Hassanli, A. Reuse of municipal effluent with drip irrigation and evaluation the effect on soil properties in a semi-arid area. Environmental Monit Assess, 144, 151-158. Bioresource Technology 2008; 85(2002): 179-87.

18. Genda, S., Madhulika and Thanaram, R. Use of tree seedings for the phytoremedation of municipal effluent used in dry areas of north-western India: Plant growth and nutrient uptake. Ecological Engineering 2010; 36(2010): 1299-306.

HEALTH

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