Spring Home Improvement Guide

DAILY NEWS NORFOLK

Monday, March 16, 2015

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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There are various City of Norfolk code requirements and terminology, some better known than others. Here is a list of ABC’s of the City of Norfolk Code Division that may be useful as we head into spring.

Applications for permits are available at the Norfolk Fire Division located at 701 Koenigstein Avenue. Many permit applications are available on the City’s website at www.ci.norfolk.ne.us/fire/ PreventionBureauForms.htm.

Buildings in Norfolk shouldn’t be constructed, moved or altered before getting a building permit from the City of Norfolk.

Code provisions are a part of the City ordinances and are in complete form on the website at www.ci.norfolk.ne.us/ citycode.

Decisions by the City of Norfolk’s Planning Commission may be appealed to the Norfolk City Council. In the event of an appeal, the City Council holds a public hearing and may reverse, affirm or modify the decision of the Planning Commission.

Electrical code requirements used in the City are explained in the 2014 National Electrical Code as published by the National Fire Protection Association and adopted by the State of Nebraska.

Floodway means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent portion of the flood plain that must be reserved in order to discharge the 100-year flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than one foot at any point assuming equal conveyance reduction outside the channel from the two sides of the flood plain.

Grade refers to the average of the finished ground level at the center of all walls of a building. In case the walls are parallel to and within five feet of a sidewalk, the ground level shall be measured at the sidewalk.

Hazardous substances are any substances or materials that may be detrimental to the health of any person handling or otherwise coming into contact with the material. Contact the Codes Division about the storage of any hazardous substances.

Industrial uses involve the manufacture or processing of products and can be classified as light, general or heavy. There are various zoning districts in Norfolk for each classification.

Junkyards are defined in City Code as any area or parcel of land where accumulation of discarded junk, salvaged or salvageable materials are stored, baled, packed, disassembled or handled in any manner. Junkyards are only allowed in District I-2 and must be completely surrounded by a solid wall or fence that’s at least six feet tall.

Kennels are allowed in a private yard as long as they are for keeping of four or less dogs or cats or a combination thereof. Pets shall belong to the owner or occupant of the premises.

Lot lines are lines dividing one lot from a street, alley or another lot.

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Modifications of a site plan may be required as a prerequisite for the approval of a permit.

No City permit is required for prefabricated above ground swimming pools, fences under six feet high and swings and other playground equipment accessory to a one or two family dwelling.

Additional regulations do apply such as safeguards around pools, electrical requirements and locations of fences.

Off street parking areas are spaces designed, used, required or intended to be used for parking. . Permits for electrical work in a home and business can be issued only to registered electrical contractors, master electricians or homeowners who meet the requirements of City Code Section 6-76.

Questions about tree ordinances should be directed to John Kouba at 701 Koenigstein Avenue at 402-844-2060.

R-3 Zoning Districts in the City of Norfolk are the Multiple-family Residential District. Allowed in R-3 Districts are single family residential homes, manufactured homes, duplexes, townhouses, multiple-family residentials, churches and schools to name a few.

Site plan reviews are done for all building permit applications and include a review of site plans for compliance with zoning requirements such as setbacks, height limitations and other development regulations. . Temporary signs can be put up for civic, philanthropic, educational or religious organizations for a period of up to one month.

Uninhabitable, unusable or unoccupiable structures as a result of fire, flood, wind, disaster or some other calamity shall be completely repaired within one year of the occurrence or be demolished. . Violating City code may mean redoing a project and/or paying a fine. . Water wells which have been abandoned must be closed and sealed in accordance with the requirements of the City’s Water Well Standards and the applicable Natural Resource District guidelines. eXtensions to existing electrical installations can’t be made, attached or connected to any existing wiring where that wiring doesn’t conform to the minimum requirements set forth in the City Code.

Yard front refers to the portion of the yard extending along the full width of a front lot line between side lot lines and from the front lot line to the front building line.

Zoning districts are areas within the City of Norfolk and its extraterritorial jurisdiction for which regulations governing the use of buildings, structures and premises, the height of buildings and structures, size of yards, and the intensity of use are uniform.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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M a ke th e M o sto fYo u rH o m e Appra isa l When homeowners think about renovating their properties, many first need to secure some funding to finance such projects. Some may tap into the equity of their homes by refinancing an existing mortgage, while others may apply for home equity loans. Taking the latter approach may require certain steps, including an assessment of how much the home and property is worth.

Home appraisals compare your home to neighboring properties to determine your home’s current market value.

Homeowners can facilitate the process by having certain information readily available for the appraiser. When preparing for appraisers, homeowners should consider and collect the following information: • If your home was built on the largest lot in the community.

• If you have made significant upgrades since it was last appraised, such as installing a new roof or siding. Don’t overlook smaller renovations, like extra insulation added or sealing drafty windows, which can increase a home’s value.

• Proof that you have used sustainable resources or if you participated in any energy-savings programs.

Naturally, any expansion projects, such as adding another bedroom or extending the footprint of the home, should be mentioned.

A real estate appraiser is a certified, licensed professional who will do his or her best to determine the value of your home. The appraisal provides banks with information that can tell loan officers if the house is worth the loan amount.

Expect to pay a fee for the appraisal, which is generally included in your closing costs.

The appraiser gathers information for the appraisal report from a number of sources, but the process often begins with

a physical inspection of the property, both inside and out. He or she also will compare your home against a few others in the neighborhood, which are known as comparables, or comps. Appraisals will be based on recent prices of comparable properties as well as other factors.

Apart from the improvements done to the home, there are other ways to get a higher appraisal amount. The appraiser may consider the overall maintenance of the home and property. It is wise to consider curb appeal and ensure the home is clean and maintained when the appraiser arrives. Minor repairs or common maintenance can impress the appraiser. Removing clutter and cleaning up the home’s interior can make the home appear larger, possibly increasing its value as a result.

It may be worth it to invest some more money into the property before having an appraisal done. A study sponsored by the National Association of Realtors says wood floors, landscaping and an enclosed garage can lead to a more favorable appraisal.

An appraiser will spend roughly 30 minutes in a home. Try to give that person space to do his or her job.

Following the appraiser around during an inspection can raise a red flag that something is wrong with the house that you don’t want to be seen. Turn lights on throughout the house, make sure the heating or cooling system is functioning at full capacity and keep pets locked away. Move items that can impede access to basements or attics.

An accurate assessment of the value of your home will give banks the information they need to determine loan amounts for future renovation projects.

Providing background information on the home and having a well-maintained property can improve the chances of a favorable appraisal.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

H o w O pen W in d o w s B en efit Th e En viro n m en t Warm days full of sunshine give homeowners good reason to open windows and let fresh air into their homes. Not only can open windows boost mood and create an inviting living space, but open windows also can be good for the environment. * Open windows improve indoor air quality. Indoor air pollution has been described by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as a primary environmental health problem.

Indoor air quality can be up to five times worse than outdoor air. In addition, the American College of Allergists states that 50 percent of all illnesses are caused by polluted indoor air. Because many homes are built to be air-tight to conserve energy and money, unhealthy levels of air pollutants can build up inside homes when windows remain closed. These pollutants may include radon gas, cigarette smoke, chemical fumes from paints and solvents and leached chemicals from modern building and furnishing materials. Opening windows for extended periods of time allows fresh air to spread throughout the home.

Houseplants can also filter indoor air and

make it healthier to breathe. * Open windows reduce energy consumption. A cool breeze entering a home through open windows can reduce the temperature inside of a home without having to turn on fans or air conditioners.

This not only helps individuals save money, but also it reduces reliance on electricity and fossil fuels. Opening several windows on opposite sides of the home can create a cross-breeze that will keep the home cool without the help of energy-guzzling appliances. Open attic vents can release hot air trapped inside the house as well. * Open windows reduce reliance on chemical air fresheners. Fresh air can quickly remove odors from a home.

These can include old cooking smells, cigarette smoke, pet odors, or simply stale air. By opening windows, homeowners can clean the air in their homes naturally without covering it up with chemical air fresheners or other cleaners. The fresh air itself may simply smell good, or this pleasant aroma can be enhanced by blooming flowers or other natural scents from outdoors.

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Found in rock, soil, water, natural gas, and some building materials, radon is a radioactive gas. Exposure to radon can cause cancer. Radon can seep in through the foundation of a home or building built on radon-contaminated soil. Inhabitants of homes contaminated with radon or those who work in buildings where radon has seeped in may be at a greater risk of developing cancer than those who do not live or work in such buildings. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, radon is responsible for about 21,000 deaths from lung cancer each year in the United States alone, and roughly 1 out of every 15 homes in the U.S. has unsafe levels of radon.Radon is most often found in basements because the gas sinks to the lowest points in buildings. However, even those homes or buildings without basements can have unsafe levels of radon. Property owners should have their homes or buildings tested for radon, as exposure to radon does not produce any symptoms, meaning those wholive and work in buildings where they are being exposed to radon won’t know unless buildings are routinely tested. Kits to test radon levels can be purchased at many hardware stores, or property owners can hire professionals to conduct tests for them

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reduce reliance on appliances that guzzle energy or products that release harmful chemicals into the air.

Open windows allow fresh air to flow throughout a home, improving personal health and benefitting the environment at the same time.

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* Open windows cut down on use of cleaning products. A home that never gets any fresh air can quickly succumb to allergens such as dust, dander and soot, necessitating the use of vacuums and other cleaning tools and products. But open windows can greatly reduce the buildup of such allergens, and therefore

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Co m m o n M ista kesM a d e o n H o m e Ren o vatio n Pro jects Home improvement projects can turn a house into a home. Homeowners plan scores of renovations to transform living spaces into rooms that reflect their personal tastes and comforts.

Homeowners going it alone may find things do not always go as planned. In fact, a Harris Interactive study found that 85 percent of homeowners say remodeling is a more stressful undertaking than buying a home. But homeowners about to embark on home improvement projects can make the process go more smoothly by avoiding these common pitfalls.

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See Us A The Home Show When We Kick-Off Our

stress. Avoid the anxiety by setting a firm budget.

Making trendy or overpersonal improvements.

Homeowners who plan to stay in their homes for the long run have more free reign when it comes to renovating their homes. Such homeowners can create a billiards room or paint a room hot pink if they so prefer. However, if the goal is to make improvements in order to sell a property, overly personal touches may make a property less appealing to prospective buyers. come and go, and Failing to understand the scope of Trends improvements can be expensive. If the project. your ultimate goal is to sell your home, Some homeowners don’t realize just opt for renovations that will look how big a commitment they have made beautiful through the ages and avoid until they get their hands dirty. But understanding the scope of the project, bold choices that may only appeal to a select few buyers. including how much demolition and Expecting everything reconstruction is involved and how to go as planned. much time a project will take can help Optimism is great, but you also homeowners avoid some of the stress should be a realist. Knowing what that comes with renovation projects.

For example, a bathroom renovation potentially could go wrong puts you in may require the removal of drywall, a better position to handle any reinforcement of flooring to problems should they arise. The accommodate a new bathtub or shower project might go off without a hitch, enclosure and the installation of new but plan for a few hiccups along the plumbing and wiring behind walls. So way. such a renovation is far more detailed Overestimating DIY abilities. than simply replacing faucets.

Overzealous homeowners may see a Not establishing a budget. renovation project in a magazine or on Homeowners must develop a project television and immediately think they budget to ensure their projects do not can do the work themselves. Unless drain their finances. If your budget is you have the tools and the skills so inflexible that you can’t afford the necessary to do the work, tackling too materials you prefer, you may want to much can be problematic. In the long postpone the project and save more money so you can eventually afford to run, leaving the work to a professional may save you money. do it right.

Home improvements can be Without a budget in place, it is easy stressful, but homeowners can lessen to overspend, and that can put you in that stress by avoiding common financial peril down the line. Worrying about coming up with money to pay for renovation mistakes. materials and labor also can induce

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Ad d Va lu e to Yo u rH o m e w ith Th ese Ren o vatio n s Homeowners choose renovation projects for a variety of reasons.

Although many improvements are made to increase functionality and comfort of a home, several others are seen as worthwhile investments. These investments can add up to a higher resale value when the time comes to sell a home.

Certain projects have a history of providing a greater return on homeowners’ investments than others.

The following renovation tips can add beauty to your home and generate great returns when you put the home up for sale.

• Invest in your kitchen. Kitchen remodels are a safe bet when it comes to putting money into improving a home. Residents tend to spend a great deal of time in the kitchen, but a dated, poorly functioning kitchen can detract from the value of a home, even if the rest of the home is in good shape. It’s possible to recoup between 60 and 120 percent of your kitchen remodel investment, especially if the kitchen matches up well with the rest of your home. Homeowners should know that a deluxe renovation may not be necessary, as relatively moderate improvements can create a whole new look for a kitchen.

• Look to paint. One of the least expensive improvement materials, but one that has a significant impact, is paint. Neutral, modern colors can easily liven up any space. If you paint with low-VOC paint, you also can advertise an eco-friendly home, which is very desireable these days.

• Put in another bathroom. Multiple bathrooms are an attractive selling point, particularly in older homes.

Finding extra space for a bathroom can be tricky, but consider closets, areas under stairs or even taking some space away from another room. Popular home-improvement television channel HGTV advises that half-bathrooms require at least 18 square feet of space, while full baths need 30 to 35 square feet for a stand-up shower or bathtub.

• Renovate the HVAC system.

Aesthetic improvements aren’t the only ones that add value to a home. Many home buyers are eager to purchase a home that has a new heating and cooling system, as buyers understand that furnaces and air conditioning units are substantial investments that can last for years. Other improvements, such as adding attic insulation or replacing older windows and doors with more energy efficient options, also are smart bets.

• A dark home is a dreary home.

Adding light can mean including more overhead and accent lighting. Undercabinet task lighting is a nice touch. Inclusion of skylights and sun tubes can bring natural light into rooms that may not have south- or west-facing windows.

• Put a deck addition outdoors.

Outdoor living spaces have become more desireable, especially as the “staycation” has grown in popularity.

Decks and patios can make backyards more appealing. The scope of your investment will depend on the size of the deck and design. Doing the work yourself can cut the cost of decks in half, but only if you have the specific tools or experience to tackle such a project.

• Improve curb appeal. Adding attractive landscaping and freshening up the entryway to a home can add considerable value to your home, as buyers judge homes by their exteriors.

Completely renovated interiors may never be seen if buyers pass up your home because of a less attractive exterior. Classy, subtle changes, like well-placed shrubbery and a green lawn, can work wonders. An inviting front door and well-lit entryway also add curb appeal to a home.

Before making improvements, homeowners should determine if a given project will provide a solid return on their investment.

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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Spring to it!

H o m e Ad d itio n s:U p O rO u t?

Homeowners hoping to expand their homes are faced with a number of choices. One of the first they will have to make is which direction to take their expansion. Homeowners can choose to expand horizontally, increasing the footprint of their homes, or vertically.

Professionals urge prospective remodelers to consider the pros and cons to each expansion option, including which direction to build.

One of the first considerations is land space. Building horizontally will cut into yard space that you may have already earmarked for a pool, shed or another feature. Proximity to neighbors and the dimensions of your property will also help to determine if expanding horizontally is a good idea.

Building codes and neighborhood requirements also must be considered before making any renovations. Some municipalities may have rules in place that govern renovations. Add-ons may not be allowed to exceed certain height limits, nor may structures be built within a certain number of feet of property lines.

Homeowners who choose to build

upward will have to contend with work crews and other staff being in their homes. Raising the roof may require vacating the premises at a certain point.

Also, extensive renovation work will be needed on the lower level of the home, whether it’s to shore up the structure, clean up after the renovation or repair ceilings, drywall and other components where levels meet.

It may seem easier to expand outward, but this requires laying additional foundation for the new building structure. Bringing in digging equipment and masons can be costly.

When you build vertically, such foundation work may not be necessary if your home is structurally sound and can bear the weight of the addition.

Building out typically involves the least disruption to your life and the existing space. Homeowners should keep in mind that any renovation will require permits or variances. In addition, if the project increases the value of the home, home insurance costs and property taxes may rise. Only after all considerations have been weighed should a project begin.

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Homeowners about to embark on home improvement projects should prioritize dust removal to avoid the potentially negative side effects of exposure to lead dust. When undergoing a renovation, homes built before 1978, the year the use of lead paint was banned, are likely to produce lead dust, which occurs when lead paint is sanded or chipped. That dust can be especially harmful to children, pregnant women and pets.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, lead dust that is as small as a grain of sand is enough to poison children, who may suffer brain damage, hearing loss, nervous system and kidney damage, and decreased muscle and bone growth after exposure to lead dust. When pregnant women are exposed to lead dust, that exposure may affect the baby’s cognitive development while increasing the mother’s blood pressure. Household pets exposed to lead dust may suffer from a series of side effects, including vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and possibly death. When making renovations to their homes, homeowners can open windows and wear protective gear such as masks and safety goggles to avoid direct exposure to lead dust.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

Eco -frien d ly La w n Ca re Ca n B e Ea sy

Homeowners know that a healthy lawn can add considerable curb appeal to a property while giving residents of the home a place to relax and enjoy the great outdoors. But few might know that a healthy lawn can also benefit the environment, especially when homeowners take a proactive approach to lawn care that emphasizes ecofriendly techniques.

A proactive approach to lawn care can prevent certain problems, including disease, insect infestation and weed growth. When such problems arise, many homeowners opt to combat them with pesticides, which can harm the environment. But a proactive approach to lawn care can reduce the likelihood of developing such problems and protect the planet at the same time. * Emphasize healthy soil. Healthy soil promotes strong roots, which leads to a more robust, lush and aesthetically appealing lawn. While a lawn needs to be fertilized in the spring and at various points throughout the summer, it’s important that homeowners avoid overfertilization, which can create thatch that, when allowed to thicken, will prevent nutrients from penetrating

the soil. Lawns need more nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium than soil can typically provide, so fertilizing throughout the warm weather seasons and into early fall can promote a healthy lawn. But choose a slow-release fertilizer so it gradually feeds the lawn.

Compost and grass clippings can also be spread around the lawn to promote healthy soil. The pH level of the soil should also be checked to ensure the lawn can fully absorb nutrients. Speak with a local lawn care professional to determine what a healthy pH level is for soil in your area. * Choose a grass that can thrive in your climate. Though you might prefer the look of a certain grass, choosing a grass based entirely on appearance is a mistake that could cost you money and prove harmful to the environment.

When installing a new lawn, opt for one that’s suitable to the local climate.

Installing a lawn that needs substantial amounts of water in a region known for drought can rob the lawn of its aesthetic appeal and will cost homeowners a substantial amount of money to maintain. If an existing lawn

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struggles to stay green regardless of your best efforts, then consider replacing it with a new type of grass that might be more suited to the local climate. * Don’t cut too low when mowing.

Homeowners who don’t enjoy mowing their lawn might be tempted to simply cut the grass as low as possible to extend the intervals between cuts. But the United States Environmental Protection Agency recommends that grass never be cut more than one-third of the height of the grass blades.

Longer grass can take in more sunlight, allowing it to grow in thicker and develop a deeper root system. That deep root system can help a lawn survive drought and prevent disease, two potentially costly problems that often force homeowners to embrace

solutions that are not eco-friendly.

Ideal lawn height depends on the type of grass, so consult a lawn care professional to ensure you are cutting your grass to a healthy length. * Avoid overwatering. Excessive watering not only wastes water, which is not very eco-friendly, but also hurts the lawn when dry periods inevitably arrive. That’s because shallow and frequent watering encourages roots to stay near the surface, so when dry periods arrive, the roots struggle to find water. The EPA notes that an established lawn should not need daily watering. Instead, watering responsibly when the lawn needs water and when evaporation can be kept to a minimum, can strengthen a lawn and do so in an eco-friendly way.

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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H o w To Red u ce G reen h o u se G a sEm issio n sAtH o m e Greenhouse gases are gases in the atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone are the primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, and according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, these gases are significant contributors to climate change.

While climate change poses a considerable threat, it’s important to note that much of the increase in greenhouse gases over the last 150 years can be traced to human activities. By changing certain behaviors and practices, men and women can help to reduce greenhouse gas

emissions. The following are a few simple changes men and women can make in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in their homes.

• Buy ENERGY STAR® products. A 2012 report from the United States Energy Information Administration noted that electricity production generates the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions. The ENERGY STAR® label indicates products have been tested and approved as energy-efficient, meaning they consume less electricity than other similar products.

The ENERGY STAR® label can be found on a host of home appliances, including lighting, heating and cooling equipment

Th e Po ten tia lly H a rm fu l EffectsO fM o ld In Yo u rH o m e The presence of mold in a home is a sight few homeowners want to see. In addition to being unsightly, mold found in a home can be unhealthy.

While certain cleaners may prove effective at removing mold, homeowners who want to remove existing mold growths and prevent future growths may benefit from gaining a greater understanding of mold and why it grows inside homes.

What is mold?

Mold is a blanket term used to describe fungi that can be found both indoors and outdoors. Many species of mold exist, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that some estimates suggest there may be more than three hundred thousand different species of mold.

Common indoor molds include cladosporium, penicillium, alternaria, and aspergillus.

Which conditions promote mold growth?

Homeowners may notice that mold tends to grow in specific areas of their homes but not in others, and that’s because molds grow best in certain conditions. Warm, damp and humid conditions, such as those found in poorly ventilated bathrooms and basements, make ideal breeding grounds for mold.

What are the effects of mold exposure?

Molds are a natural and resilient part of the environment, but mold growth indoors should be addressed and avoided. Mold spores are tiny and invisible to the naked eye, and when these spores attach to wet surfaces, they begin to grow. Once these spores begin to grow, they can then affect people in various ways. Roughly a decade ago, the Institute of Medicine found sufficient evidence to support a link between exposure to indoor mold and respiratory tract issues, such as coughing and wheezing in people who were otherwise

healthy. The same report found that mold may trigger asthma symptoms among people with asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a disease in which the lungs are inflamed when a person breathes in certain dusts he or she is allergic to, in people susceptible to that condition.

Some people who do not have a preexisting condition can still be sensitive to molds. When exposed to mold, such people may experience symptoms like nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing, or skin irritation.

and electronics. Homeowners who want to pitch in to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while also lowering their utility bills should only consider those products that have earned the ENERGY STAR® label.

• Revisit your cooling and heating habits. Home cooling and heating systems consume a considerable amount of energy, and inefficient use of these systems is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. But cutting back on these emissions does not mean you have to sweat out sultry summer afternoons or hide under the covers upon the arrival of winter. Replacing air filters according to manufacturer guidelines and using programmable thermostats so you aren’t heating and cooling your house when no one is home are some easy ways to dramatically reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that emanate from your heating and cooling systems. Such efficient use of these systems also saves you money.

• Recycle. Recycling can greatly reduce your home’s greenhouse gas emissions.

Many communities now mandate that residents recycle plastics, glass containers and paper goods like newspapers and magazines. Recycling can be so simple that it’s easy to forget just how beneficial it can be. When products are recycled, that reduces the need to extract resources,

manufacture replacement goods and dispose of products, each of which contributes to pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. If you and members of your household have yet to embrace recycling, you’re not only increasing greenhouse gas emissions, but also you may even be breaking the law. If your community sponsors a recycling program, simply separate recyclable items from the rest of your trash and leave them out on the curb on designated pickup days. If no such program exists in your community, separate items to recycle and periodically bring them to your local recycling center, which may even pay you for certain items.

• Compost food waste. Instead of discarding leftovers in the garbage can, compost that wasted food so it does not end up in landfills, where it will contribute to methane gas in the air. Composting food waste can improve the soil in your yard and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and it also makes you feel better that you’re making use of wasted food that would otherwise go straight into the garbage can.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions may seem like a massive undertaking, but concerned men and women can employ several simple strategies to do their part to protect the environment.

How can exposure to mold be decreased at home?

Adequate ventilation is arguably homeowners’ best friend with regard to reducing mold exposure at home. Control humidity levels in areas of the home that tend to be warm and humid, such as the kitchen and bathroom. Install an exhaust fan in the kitchen and bathroom and a window in the bathroom if yours does not already have one.

The CDC recommends that humidity levels be no higher than 50 percent throughout the day, and an air conditioner and dehumidifier can help you keep indoor humidity levels in check, especially during the summer when humidity levels tend to be their highest of any time during the year.

When renovating your home, remove any existing carpeting from bathrooms and basements and toss out soaked carpets or upholstery as well. If painting will be part of your home renovation projects, add mold inhibitors to paints prior to application.

Mold that grows inside a home is unsightly and potentially unhealthy. But concerned homeowners can take several reactive and proactive steps to reduce existing mold growths and prevent them from returning in the future.

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Spring to it!

Ho w To Red u ce N o ise In Th e Ho m e Noise in a home is a problem that can affect just about anyone. Noise can occur inside or be the product of noisy situations outside of the home.

Eventually these sounds can try a homeowner’s patience, but there are various ways to cope with noise. * Reduce the human scope of noise. One of the first steps to take is reducing the amount of noise generated by people inside of the house. If video games are noisy, encourage children to wear headphones so the entire household is not subjected to the sounds of the game. Set limits on the volume of the television and try to keep only one set on at a given time in the house, particularly if televisions are located in rooms where doors cannot be closed to block the sound. People can also lower their speaking voices inside of the house. * Use sound-dampening furnishings. There are many benefits to having hardwood flooring throughout a home, including its beauty. But hardwood flooring could reflect sound waves and cause them to echo around the house. Area rugs will do some to muffle the sound, but

2015

carpeting is a good method of sound insulation. The carpeting and the padding underneath will absorb sounds, including footfalls on floors above. Hanging pictures on the wall and using drapery on windows also can absorb sound and prevent it from bouncing off of bare walls. * Change windows. If sounds are coming from outside, it might be worth the investment to upgrade windows, although this can prove costly. Many homeowners with outdoor noise issues install triple-paned windows, which reduce sound and also provide significant energy savings. Changing the window frames is another option.

Metal frames will transmit sound better than wood, fiberglass or vinyl. * Install door sweeps. A door sweep is not only effective at preventing drafts, but sweeps can prevent sounds from coming out as well. * Check where drywall ends. Most drywall is not installed flush with the floor surface. Remove the base molding and you might find an inch gap from the floor where sound can escape. You can reduce noise by using a spray foam insulation in this area

and then replacing the molding. A similar tactic can be used around electrical outlets. * Add additional insulation. Thicker walls make it hard for sound to travel throughout a home. You also can install a sound-stopping wallboard over existing drywall. Putting more insulation in the attic can reduce weather sounds generated from rain

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falling on the roof. * Plant sound-buffering trees and shrubs. For sounds that are generated outdoors, a sound bluff, like a line of thick bushes, can dull sound and provide added privacy.

Exploring different ways to reduce noise in a home can create a more peaceful environment.

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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H o w Yo u Ca n Fin a n ce Yo u rH o m e Im pro vem en tPro jects Many homeowners recognize that improving and maintaining a property makes a home more livable for its inhabitants and more attractive to prospective buyers when the time comes to erect a “For Sale” sign in the front yard.

But a well-maintained home also provides additional benefits.

According to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, home improvements not only raise the values of individual homes, but they tend to raise neighborhood standards as well. Home improvements can create jobs and help local communities flourish economically.

Maintaining a home can be a costly undertaking. Home improvement projects can be expensive whether homeowners hire professionals or tackle renovation projects on their own. The following are a handful of options homeowners can consider as they look for ways to finance renovation projects.

• Paying outright: Paying for the renovations upfront and in full is perhaps the simplest way to finance a

project. Homeowners who have the cash to pay for renovations outright won’t have to worry about interest rates or balloon payments.

• Mortgage refinancing: Some homeowners tap into their home equity to cover home remodeling projects. Refinancing a mortgage means paying off the debt owed and starting over with a completely new loan. Refinancing comes with various fees and can cost between 3 and 6 percent of the loan’s principal.

• Home equity loans and lines of credit: Both of these options are commonly referred to as second mortgages. When homeowners apply for home equity loans or lines of credit, they are borrowing against the equity value in their homes. A home equity loan is a term, or closed-end, loan. It is a one-time sum that will be paid off over a set amount of time with a fixed interest rate and the same payment each month. This is a onetime loan from which a person cannot borrow further. A home equity line of credit, or HELOC, is like having a credit card. It’s possible to borrow a

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certain amount for the life of the loan, which is a set time specified by the lender. During this time, homeowners can withdraw money as it is needed up to the value of the line of credit.

HELOCs typically have a variable interest rate that fluctuates and payments can vary depending on the amount of money borrowed and the current interest rates.

• Title I property loan: Residents of the United States with limited equity in their homes may qualify for an FHA Title I loan. Banks and other lenders are qualified to make these loans from their own funds, and the FHA will insure the lender against a possible loss. Title I loans can be used for any improvements that will make a home more useful and livable. They cannot be used for renovations deemed luxury expenses.

• Borrow against retirement funds: Some people opt to borrow against a 401(k) plan, IRA or another retirement fund. If the retirement plan allows a loan without penalty, it can be another way to secure funds. Because it is the homeowner’s money, there will be no

credit check required and less delay in getting the funds. Borrowers should keep in mind that taking a loan against a retirement account will usually result in a lower retirement balance than it would have been had they not borrowed money from the account — even after the funds have been repaid.

• Credit cards: Credit cards are an option when improvements are not expensive. Individuals with excellent credit ratings may qualify for cards with a no-interest introductory periods of several months or more. These cards can be a good way to pay off moderate improvements in a short amount of time.

Many home renovation projects require homeowners to develop a home improvement budget.

Homeowners are urged to explore all options and find the least costly loan method and the one that will present the best possibility for avoiding debt.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

S teps To Ta ke B efo re Erectin g A Fen ce Fences serve many purposes on a property and can even add visual appeal and value to a home. A fence can effectively delineate property borders, serve as a safety barrier and keep pets and children from wandering into the street.

According to Zillow, an online real estate database, erecting a fence on a property in an area where fences are common usually increases the value of the home, putting it in line with similar properties nearby. However, this may only be the case if the fence is installed professionally and matches other fences throughout the neighborhood.

Homeowners planning to install a fence should first secure a copy of their property surveys. A survey of the property is often conducted upon purchasing a home and/or when the land and home is being assessed. If you do not have a survey, you can hire a professional to conduct one.

The survey will be handy because it clearly marks property lines. Depending on the local regulations, fences may need to be installed a certain number of inches or feet within the property line. Your

municipality and building code office will be able to guide you further as to what is legal. Reputable fencing companies that work in the community should also have a good understanding of fencing regulations.

A permit is typically needed to install a fence. Either your contractor or you will need to apply for the permit before construction can begin. It is best to follow the law so that the fence can be installed in a manner that is consistent with local regulations and will not be subject to potentially costly removal.

As a courtesy, speak with your neighbors about your fencing plans. The fence will separate your properties from one another, and your neighbors may have certain feelings about what they want to look at. Even if a neighbor is not sharing the cost, it is a good idea to discuss fencing with your neighbors in an effort to reduce the likelihood of conflict down the road. Fences have been points of contention between neighbors, and you don’t want a previously peaceful relationship to turn sour.

In some instances, neighbors will be

excited about the prospect of a fence and may want to share the cost. Fencing contractors may offer discounts for multi-home installations, so it pays to inquire with the neighbors for that reason alone.

Homes with pools may need fences as a safety precaution. Be sure they fit

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the protocol. They may need selflatching/locking gates to prevent entry to the yard.

A fence can be a good investment, but homeowners must take the appropriate legal measures and consider their neighbors before erecting any fences.

Sim ple Tips To B e M o re Efficien t In Yo u r G a ra ge

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(StatePoint) Most everyone has a couple of tricks up their sleeve that make chores and tasks simpler. You likely have a few of your own – and once you develop a superior method of ticking off a to-do list item, it can be difficult to remember what your life was like before.

Here are a few such “lifehacks” straight from automotive experts, that you may not have thought of yourself, that can make your time in your garage more efficient and effective.

• Better organization: A wellmaintained garage is a more pleasant place to work and can boost your efficiency. If your shovels, spades and other yard tools are stacked in a precarious pile, it’s time to create a better system, a ripped sheet of plywood to the studs of your shop or garage to

hold yard and auto tools vertically and out of the way.

• Play favorites: Working on your vehicle? Don’t dig to find your favorite tools, says Tom Gerrald of Tripp Gerrald Motorsports. Save time when looking for the right wrench by using tape to color code the tools you reach for first.

• Stay in place: The professionals at JR Motorsports mark their nuts and bolts with a paint pen to ensure they haven’t moved or become loose.

Is your time in the garage well-spent?

With the right tricks, you can innovate the way you restore your ride, make home upgrades and maintain your yard.

Check out the full album of Garage Hacks at http://bit.ly/GarageHacks for inspiration.

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Choutka Construction

Spring to it!

U pgra d e Yo u rFirepla ce To Im pro ve En ergy Efficien cy (StatePoint) Heating and cooling your home typically comprises nearly half of the average American’s utility bill, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Unfortunately, a portion of that expenditure is lost.

While most homeowners know that insulating, patching and weatherizing can reduce heat loss, there is one major energy eater in your home that you may not have considered -- that charming staple of dens, family rooms and anywhere people gather: the fireplace.

Traditional masonry style woodburning fireplaces are a leading source of indoor air loss and draft, even more so than windows and doors.

“Traditional wood fireplaces have a lot of charm, but unfortunately, they can be inefficient even when they aren’t in use,” says Becky Scribner, brand director at Heat & Glo, a leading manufacturer of gas and wood fireplaces, stoves and inserts.

However, you don’t need to sacrifice your fire this winter to lower your bill -in fact, it’s possible to convert your fireplace into an energy efficient heat source with the following tips: • Don’t send your hard earned money up and out the chimney. When your fireplace is not in use, make sure your chimney damper is closed. You may also install a flue sealer, which is an affordable, inflatable stopper that fits below the damper to further seal off the chimney.

• Ensure your chimney and fireplace is inspected, maintained and cleaned annually. A contractor can ensure the job is done safely and thoroughly.

• Add doors or a cover to the front of

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your fireplace to help reduce the draft and add a nice aesthetic.

• Consider a gas fireplace insert. In addition to lowering your energy bills and generating more radiant heat, they’re cleaner to maintain -- no ash, soot, or smoke -- and are low maintenance, turning on and off with the flip of a switch. Plus, a new insert like the Escape from Heat & Glo looks great and uses energy-saving firebox technology to increase efficiency. Learn more about the benefits of a gas fireplace insert at www.heatnglo.com/ Rekindle.

• For those who love the smell, crackle and process of building a real fire, don’t despair. Pellet and EPAcertified wood inserts can be an easy, clean and efficient alternative as well.

In the pursuit of energy-efficiency, don’t say goodbye to tradition. Instead, give your fireplace a much needed upgrade.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

Cu ttin g Th e Co sts O f H o m e O w n ersh ip Owning a home is a dream for many people. But even the most affordable homes can be a considerable expense, which is why many homeowners are on constant lookout for ways to cut the costs of home ownership.

Men and women who have owned their homes for years may already know of various ways they can save money each month. But first-time homeowners may not be so savvy, which can leave them scrambling for ways to save each month.

Fortunately, homeowners can reduce the cost of owning their homes in a variety of ways.

• Refinance your mortgage. The average homeowner would point to his or her mortgage payment as his or her biggest monthly expense. First-time homeowners may assume they have no leeway with regard to lowering that payment, but that’s not necessarily true.

Interest rates fluctuate every day, and homeowners might be able to take advantage of that fluctuation by refinancing their mortgages to earn lower interest rates. Depending on the amount of the loan, a homeowner might be able to save hundreds of dollars per month

and tens of thousands of dollars over the life of the loan after refinancing his or her mortgage. Research current interest rates to determine if refinancing is in your best interest.

• Reexamine your insurance policy.

When borrowing money to buy a home, borrowers need to have homeowner’s insurance. It’s easy to forget these policies and simply pay the premium each month. But homeowners looking to save money should periodically reexamine their policies and compare these existing policies to those they might be able to get from other providers.

Comparison shopping can save homeowners substantial amounts of money. Homeowners willing to purchase their homeowners and auto insurance policies from the same provider also can save a considerable amount of money, sometimes as much as 15 percent depending on the provider.

• Make safety upgrades. Another way to cut the cost of home ownership is to upgrade your home’s safety features.

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alarm systems, sprinklers or storm shelters in their homes. But homeowners should confirm their eligibility for such discounts before making any upgrades, as policies may differ depending on the provider.

• Purchase eco-friendly appliances for your home. The appliances in your home at the time of purchase will inevitably wear down, and replacing such items can be expensive. But replacing older appliances with more eco-friendly

alternatives can save you money on your monthly utility bills, as more and more appliances are now made with energy savings in mind. Cutting your energy consumption leads to lower utility bills, and you may even be eligible for government rebates when buying products that meet certain energy-saving standards.

The cost of home ownership is on the rise, but homeowners can take several steps to alleviate those costs.

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TipsFo rH o m eo w n ersO n Th eir FirstRen o va tio n Pro jects process will make it easier to handle.

• Accept the mess. Construction work is messy. There’s no way to maintain a pristine house when contractors are entering and exiting all day. Dust is bound to be generated, and tools can fill up rooms. A home in disarray can be stressful, but continue to visualize the end result and the mess won’t bother you so much.

• Establish a contingency plan.

Bathrooms and kitchen renovations are typically the most disruptive home improvement projects. Going without a kitchen can make it difficult to enjoy meals at home, while a bathroom remodel may require you to navigate water shutoffs. If your project is scheduled to take several months, establish a contingency plan to deal with the consequences of your renovation project. Speak with family members about using some of their home amenities, and prepare and freeze meals in advance so you can reheat them later on when you don’t have access to your stove.

• Plan your escape. Sometimes the constant work and mess of construction is too much to bear.

Afford yourself time away by visiting relatives or staying at a hotel. Even a single night away can provide the relief you need.

A home that is undergoing a remodel can be a less than comfortable environment. But homeowners who have never before lived through a renovation project can take several steps to make the process go as smoothly as possible.

Po w erTo o lS a fety Tips Power tools can dramatically reduce the time it takes to complete home improvement projects. Professional contractors regularly rely on power tools for cutting and sanding, and many do-it-yourself renovators follow suit and invest in power tools to help get the job done. But power tools, in spite of their usefulness, are not without risk. According to the Work Safe Center, power tool injuries account for as many as 400,000 emergency room visits in the United States each year. Power nailers, chain saws and table saws account for the greatest number of injuries.

Keeping safe is of the utmost priority when using power tools.

Here’s how: • Read all manufacturers’ instructions. • Use the right tool for the job.

• Keep your tools clean and in proper operating condition.

• Always wear eye protection, such as safety glasses or goggles.

• Wear standard cotton or leather work gloves to protect hands.

• Consider the use of earplugs or earmuffs with loud power tools.

• Don’t use power tools in proximity to flammable vapors, dust or construction materials. • Do not overreach when using tools, and maintain balance.

• Always check that wires are kept away from blades.

• Maintain a tight grip on a tool. • Routinely inspect tools for damage.

• Pay attention when working with any power tool.

• Unplug all power tools during breaks and anytime when tools are not in use.

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Home renovations are typically exciting, as homeowners get to see the visions of their dream homes come to light right before their very eyes.

Turning an outdated bathroom into a modern oasis or an empty basement into the ultimate man cave strengthens the sense of attachment homeowners have with their homes.

But few home renovation projects go from start to finish without experiencing a few bumps in the road along the way. Such bumps can be difficult to handle for homeowners working on their first renovation projects.

• Plan well and know what to expect. When working with contractors, get all agreements in writing and spell out exactly what you desire in a home renovation. Photo references can help guide contractors and architects. Ask for the full picture of what can be expected with the work, from demolition to the punch list.

Knowing what lies ahead can keep you grounded throughout the project.

• Discuss work each day and set payment schedules. Make payments contingent on work completed. This can help keep contractors on schedule.

Paying for all work upfront leaves homeowners at a disadvantage, as it does not provide incentive for workers to be timely and efficient. Check in with workers to get daily progress reports.

• Have reasonable expectations. A renovation project may exceed its budget and take longer than initially expected. Understanding that these potential setbacks might be part of the

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According to Remodeling magazine’s “2014 Cost vs. Value Report,” a major kitchen remodeling project should enable homeowners to recoup 74.2 percent of their initial investments. Kitchen renovations have long been a safe way to improve the functionality and value of a home. But not every kitchen project is a guaranteed winner. Homeowners may inadvertently make changes that end up sticking out like a sore thumb rather than improving the space.

Take a look at these kitchen remodeling dos and don’ts to guide your next undertaking.

DO consider the way your kitchen will look with the rest of the home.

Keep architectural integrity in mind when designing the space. A farmhouse sink and country cabinets can look out of place in an ultramodern home.

DON’T overlook the importance of a seasoned designer or architect.

These pros will know the tricks to maximizing space and achieving the ideal layout of appliances and may be able to recommend local contractors and vendors.

DO look beyond surface details to the structural integrity of the design.

The kitchen should be functional, long-lasting and beautiful.

DON’T design just for today, but look to the future as well. Unless

you are willing to spend $50,000 every five years, look for styles and materials that will last for the long haul. Older homeowners may want to make adjustments now that address potential mobility issues down the road.

DO work with what you have. A complete demolition and renovation is not always necessary to achieve the desired results. Only invest in major changes if something is not working (such as having to walk across the entire kitchen to access the stove) or is unsafe. Otherwise, minor upgrades may do the trick.

DON’T over-improve the space.

A fully equipped commercial kitchen may be handy for a professional chef, but the average person may not need an industrial hood and indoor pizza oven. When you make excessive improvements, you may not be able to recoup as much of the money spent because your home will not be on par with the values of homes in the neighborhood.

DO make sure you can afford the project. Plan for some unexpected purchases and plan out the renovation according to your budget. Skimping on materials or design because of lack of money may leave you feeling dissatisfied afterward.

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K eep Pests Aw a y Fro m En terta in in g Area s Outdoor entertaining is one of the joys of nicer weather. People routinely gather on the patio or around the pool when the weather warms up, and such recreational activities can foster companionship and reduce stress.

However, if nuisance animals and insects are sharing entertaining spaces, these pests can quickly put a damper on the festivities.

While it may seem impossible to keep an outdoor entertaining area completely pest-free, there are ways to keep such unwanted intrusions manageable.

Identify common pests

Yard pests vary depending on geography, so the first step is to figure out which pests are native to your area. Mosquitoes can be found in many locales, but certain insects may be exclusive to specific regions.

In addition to insects, squirrels, moles, raccoons, and other rodents may also descend on a property.

Neighborhoods that abut natural ecosystems or infringe on wild animals’ habitats may see a wider array of animals encroaching on entertaining spaces. Deer, bears, coyotes, and certain bird species can present their own brands of trouble. Homeowners new to an area may have to experience a learning curve to determine which pests are common to a certain area, as well as which seasons bring which creatures.

Try natural repellents first

To minimize damage to the environment and to protect local wildlife, homeowners should exhaust natural ways to repel pests before resorting to less eco-friendly methods.

Animals can be kept out of a yard with fences and other barriers, such as thorny bushes. Many pests are deterred by smells or certain structures in a lawn or garden. For example, inserting chicken wire into a garden bed may be enough to repel burrowing animals. Certain insects, such as flies and mosquitoes, find the aromas of citronella grass, basil and marigold offensive. Surrounding a property with these plants can create a natural bug repellent. Lavender and rosemary are other aromatics that may deter pests.

Blood meal and soap solutions can repel deer and other wildlife that may feed on garden plants.

Pests attracted to food can be kept at bay with frequent sweeping or hosing down of the patio.

In addition, maintain a clean grill and store trash in tightly secured receptacles.

Consider more traditional alternatives

If natural repellents do not work, you may need to rely on more traditional products to repel insects and other pests. Beetle traps lure beetles with an inviting scent before the beetle gets trapped in a bag and cannot exit. Traps for wasps and flies follow a similar premise. Bug zappers are largely viewed as an inhumane option but can be highly effective. Unfortunately, these zappers also attract and kill beneficial insects, such as bees and butterflies.

Chemical repellents also are available. Stores stock pesticides that will rid plants of damaging insects.

These repellents also may be used

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around the patio to make the area inhospitable to insects and other pests.

Contact an exterminator

If the problem is simply too difficult to manage on your own, then you might need to contact an exterminator,

who can spray the perimeter of the home for bugs and can also be called in to safely trap and remove nuisance animals. An exterminator may also have detailed knowledge of protected species and which habitats can and cannot be disturbed.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

H o w To Crea te Yo u r H o u seh o ld B u d get Establishing a household budget is a great way for men and women to control their money and secure their financial futures. Without a carefully designed budget, families can easily overspend and eventually find themselves facing financial uncertainty.

Building a household budget can be intimidating. Men and women do not always enjoy facing their finances head-on, but creating a household budget does not have to be an unwelcomed experience.

• Discuss your goals. Men and women working together to create their household budgets should use their goals as the foundation for their budgets. Recently married couples who want to one day start a family will have different financial priorities than couples who have no intention of having a family. In addition to goals regarding a potential family, discuss your goals about retirement.

Distinguishing between short-term goals, such as eliminating credit card debt, and long-term goals, such as saving for retirement, is an important step to establishing a budget. Once

your goals have been discussed and set, you can then begin to formulate a budget that makes achieving those goals possible.

• Assess your financial situation.

After you have set your goals, examine your financial situation. Identify your net income and then make a list of your outstanding debts and monthly expenses. When establishing your budget, prioritize eliminating your debts. Getting out of debt, especially consumer debt, should take precedence over saving for retirement.

Once you have eliminated your debt, you can then allocate more funds to saving for retirement. An honest assessment of your financial situation should provide you with a solid understanding of how you’re spending your money, and which areas, if any, you can spend less in an effort to save more each month.

• Put your plan in motion. Once you have identified your net income and monthly expenses, you can put your plan in motion. If you have prioritized eliminating debt, then devote as much of your monthly

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budget to paying down your debts as possible. Resolve to pay at least ‘X’ amount of money to pay down debt each month, paying more if possible, until you are debt-free. You may need to adjust this plan as unforeseen circumstances arise, but try to stick to your initial plan as closely as possible, especially if you find it’s working.

• Continue to monitor your spending. An effective household budget should free up some of your funds, but it’s important that you continue to monitor your spending even if your budget is affording you some financial freedom. Frivolous spending may have landed you in financial hot water to begin with, so don’t allow it to jeopardize your finances once again. As you monitor your spending, look for ways to spend less. Spending less now can make it easier to realize your long-term financial goals.

• Discuss your budget each month.

A household budget is a fluid thing, so together with your spouse or partner examine your budget each month.

Discuss what’s working, what’s not

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working and any potential changes you can make to increase the likelihood that you realize your financial goals.

Make an effort to have this discussion each month, as the longer you ignore your finances the more time issues will have to fester.

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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Spring to it!

Rem o d elin g Spen d in g In crea sesAsRen o vatio n sAre O n Th e Rise In the not-so-distant past, home improvement projects all but came to a halt, as homeowners were weary about investing any money into fixeruppers. But the tides have changed dramatically in recent months, and homeowners are again ready and willing to invest big dollars into home renovations.

Renewed confidence in the economy and an upswing in the real estate market have contributed to the remodeling frenzy. In early 2014, the Joint Center for Housing Statistics of Harvard University forecasted nearly $150 billion in major remodeling spending over the year. JCHS said as homeowners gain more confidence in the housing market, they’re more likely to undertake home improvements they would have avoided in recent years.

While the numbers do not yet match pre-recession remodeling spending, the number of construction projects has steadily trended upward.

According to the National Association of Home Builders, as of November 2014, a greater number of remodelers

reported higher business activity than during the previous quarter.

Remodeling spending has been gradually climbing back up from the all-time low it reached in 2009.

This growth in home renovations has led to more jobs for carpenters, plumbers, painters, electricians, and other construction workers. In Massachusetts alone, a recovery in overall construction employment has led to a gain of about 18,000 jobs during the past four years.

The Home Improvement Research Institute expects an additional 5.8 percent sales growth in home improvement spending in 2015. States that showed the highest levels of home improvement spending in 2014 are likely to continue to hold the top spots through 2015, and the National Association of Home Builders says these areas include the District of Columbia, Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, Massachusetts, and areas of southern California.

Spending patterns indicate that homeowners are investing in DIY

projects as well as seeking specialized work provided by professional contractors.

Now is a good time for the real estate and home improvement sectors,

as homeowners have renewed their fevor for making home renovations, both to increase comfort in their homes and make their homes more buyerfriendly.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

Th e Rela tio n sh ip B etw een Pa in t An d M o o d Painting is one of the easiest and least expensive ways to transform the look of a space. The colors homeowners choose for their walls can give rooms their own unique feel and even affect the moods of the people within them.

Finding the right shade for a bedroom or kitchen involves more than just selecting the first color that catches your eye. Design experts and psychologists alike say it may be worthwhile to choose a color that helps you feel good rather than just following design trends. The paint color you pick may add energy to a space or create a tranquil retreat where you can unwind at the end of the day.

Blue

of color with orange throw pillows. If pumpkin orange is a little too bold for you, tone it down by choosing a more pastel, peachy hue, which is equally warm and energizing.

Yellow

Few colors are more vibrant than yellow, which can help stimulate conversation and make thoughts more focused. A luminous shade of yellow is an Red ideal way to make any space more Red stimulates energy and appetite, welcoming and bright. Just use it which is why the shade is so popular in sparingly, as too much yellow may not be a restaurants and home dining spaces. Red good thing. Yellow accents mixed with is a good choice for social gathering rooms touches of purple can offer the balance but may not be the wisest choice for a needed to prevent yellow rooms from bedroom, as the color may prove overstimulating.

overwhelming residents and guests.

Home decorators should keep in mind that colors can be blended to create the desired environment. A color scheme based on complementary colors, or those opposite on the color wheel, may fit.

Otherwise, analogous color schemes, or those colors that are next to one another on the color wheel, can create a variation that suits your design needs.

Green

Green can evoke composure and tranquility and works in any room of the house. Since green is the primary color of nature, it also works well for those people who want to bring some of the outdoors inside and work with the fresh starts and new growth that green can inspire. To make green feel less subdued and sleepy, work with its complementary opposite, red, by using a few bold red accents here and there to balance out the tranquility of green.

To create a spa-like environment and a more serene space, look to shades of blue in soft variations. Cool blues are soothing colors that can help lower stress levels and promote sleep.

That’s why blue is a frequent fixture in bedrooms and bathrooms. Just be advised Purple that too much blue can make a room People have long related purple to appear cold and stark, so balance out blue royalty, and this dramatic color can add a with some warmer accents. formal, regal aspect to a home depending Orange on the hue. Purple also may help Many people do not immediately stimulate the creative side of the brain. In consider bright orange for their homes, paler shades of lavender, purple can seem but when used as an accent shade, orange almost ethereal and spiritual. Some can really brighten up a home. Orange is designers suggest avoiding purple in a considered a shade that expands creativity bedroom because that is a place you want and imparts a youthful appeal to a space. your brain to rest rather than be Consider an orange accent wall or a burst stimulated.

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Norfolk, NE

NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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Spring to it!

H o w To Co o lYo u r H o m e W ith o u t B rea kin g Th e B a n k Mother Nature is consistently inconsistent these days, when 30-degree Mondays might be followed by 60degree Tuesdays. Fickle weather is often accompanied by large fluctuations in temperature, strong storms and unseasonable conditions, making it difficult for homeowners to maintain comfort levels in their homes.

As a result of fluctuating temperatures, home heating and cooling systems have been heavily taxed. As summer approaches once again, reducing cooling costs is a priority for many homeowners. The following are a few ways to cool your home’s interior without causing a spike in your energy bill.

• Reduce sun exposure. Much of the hot air inside of a home can be attributed to sunlight exposure throughout the day.

Walls and windows on the south and west sides of a home will bear the brunt of the sun’s rays, so close shades and drapes on this side of the house to maximize coolness. Shades and curtains can save you up to 7 percent on your bills and lower indoor temperatures by up to 20 degrees. Homeowners also may want to think about installing a retractable awning on areas of the house that get a lot of sun. Planting shade trees is another way to naturally cool down hot sides of the house.

• Draw more air into the attic. Hot air rises, and in the summertime hot air can get trapped beneath the roof in the attic and eaves of a home. While an attic should have vents, homeowners can speed up the exchange of hot air with a simple trick. Open up a window on a shady side of the home, and then open the attic door or take out the access panel and place a box fan inside to blow air up into the attic. This will disperse the hot air and help force it out through the vents.

• Use fans productively. Using box fans to suck cool night air in from eastand north-facing windows and to push out hot air from west- and south-facing windows is another way to increase circulation through a home. Running fans may be less costly than turning on air conditioners. Also, set ceiling fans to rotate counter-clockwise. This will pull cooler air up from the floor and create a wind-chill effect.

• Switch to LED or CFL bulbs.

Ninety percent of the energy used for incandescent bulbs is emitted as heat.

This not only wastes electricity but also can make conditions hotter inside a home. Switch to cooler, more efficient light bulbs.

• Reduce humidity levels. Humidity makes hot temperatures feel even hotter. Clean laundry, take showers and run the dishwasher at night or early in the morning before the day heats up.

Don’t forget to vent bathrooms and kitchens by turning on exhaust fans when water is in use.

• Rely on a programmable thermostat. Setting a thermostat to adjust the air conditioning system automatically means homeowners can keep the temperature raised when they’re not home and then have it lowered shortly before they arrive home. The thermostat also can adjust temperatures for day and night use.

• Keep doors closed. Do not cool rooms that are unused. Maximize the cool air in lived-in spaces by blocking off rooms that do not need to be cooler.

• Invest in more insulation.

Insulation does not just keep homes warmer in the cold weather. Insulation also prevents hot air from infiltrating living spaces while keeping cooler air where it’s needed. Sealant around windows and doors also will prevent unnecessary air exchange.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

B rea th e D eeply An d S a fely:5 W a ysTo Pro tectYo u rselfFro m CO Po iso n in g (BPT) - Most homeowners recognize the importance of protecting their homes from fire.

They do this by checking the batteries in their smoke alarms, completely extinguishing fires in their fireplaces and keeping flammable materials away from candles or space heaters.

However, while fire safety is front and center, many homeowners overlook the ways they can protect their families from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning.

And that’s a mistake no homeowner can afford to make.

Census data shows most homes in the U.S. have either fuel-burning appliances or an attached garage, but only approximately half of all homes have a working CO alarm - the only safe way to detect this odorless, colorless and invisible threat. Carbon monoxide is the leading cause of accidental poisoning deaths in the United States; claiming more than 400 lives each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition, more than 20,000 people visit the emergency

room and more than 4,000 are hospitalized due to accidental CO poisoning annually.

Thankfully, protection can be as simple as applying these five tips. * Seek professional help. One of the most common causes of CO poisoning is a filthy or inefficient heating system. Poorly maintained chimneys and flues can crack, causing ventilation problems and preventing CO from escaping up the chimney. Likewise, a faulty furnace could also emit CO into the home. Have your chimney or heating system cleaned and serviced by trained technicians annually to eliminate this risk. * Add or upgrade your carbon monoxide alarm. Your CO alarms is just as important as your home’s smoke alarms, so make sure you have one and that it is working properly.

Kidde Worry-Free carbon monoxide alarms have the longest life available

in a CO alarm - 10 years - and come in both battery and hardwired power options. Each alarm contains a sealed-in lithium battery that last a decade providing homeowners with peace of mind knowing their alarms are always on. The Worry-Free Combination alarm offers warning of both fire and CO and includes a voice alert to clearly identify the hazard present. It also features a unique smart sensing technology to significantly reduce nuisance alarms. * Keep the grill and generator outdoors. Using a grill or generator due to a power outage? Put on a jacket and go outside. Never bring the grill indoors or operate it or a generator in a space attached to your home such as a porch, patio or garage. Both can emit high levels of CO, and need plenty of ventilation.

Even having the garage door open

does not offer enough air flow to reduce CO levels. * Use your indoor appliances properly. Only use appliances as they are designed by the manufacturer.

For instance, never use gas appliances, like your range or oven, to heat in the house. This increases your risk of CO poisoning. * Know the symptoms. CO symptoms mimic the flu without fever. Since winter is also peak flu season, know the difference. If you or a loved one is feeling confused or dizzy, or if he/she is suffering from headaches, nausea, sleepiness, vomiting or weakness, but has no fever, it may be a case of CO poisoning. Get the victim outside in fresh air and dial 911 immediately.

Carbon monoxide poisons thousands each year, but you can protect yourself and your family by employing the tips above. To learn more about how Kidde alarms can raise your family’s awareness of CO threats, visit www.KnowAboutCO.com.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

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Spring to it!

H o w To Trea t A Term ite Pro blem Termites are houseguests few homeowners want to experience. With their reputation for appetite and the damage they can inflict on a home, termites are something most people want to avoid at all costs. If termites are already a problem or something homeowners simply want to prevent, there are effective ways to banish these unwelcome guests or keep them from ever entering a home.

small or nonexistent, while ants’ eyes are clearly visible.

Termites live in a nest or colony in large numbers. Their primary food source is plant fiber, known as cellulose. Most termites are rarely seen unless they are swarming or if their nest or a portion of wood has been opened revealing the insects inside.

Treating termites

Many people do not even know they have a termite Termites are small social insects that problem until that problem has escalated. Because they have the capability to destroy wood.

Sometimes they are mistaken for ants, remain hidden most of the but the two insects are quite different. time, termites can be difficult Termites are actually close relatives to to detect. Development of soft wood or visual the cockroach. Many termites appear as white or light-colored and may seem recognition of swarming termites that occur in the spring can translucent. Winged termites are indicate that termites could be residing darker in color. Termites have a grubin a structure or nearby. There are shaped body but, unlike ants, no different types of termites, and proper discernable hourglass-shaped waist. identification is necessary to find the Also, their antennae are straight and correct treatment option. look beaded, like a string of pearls, Unlike other pests, termites are while ants have elbowed antennae.

Another way to differentiate ants from pests whose detection and removal is best left to a professional who can termites is that termite eyes are very

What is a termite?

recognize the subtle signs. He or she will identify certain signs of an infestation, such as mud-looking material on wooden surfaces, discarded wings from a swarm, piles of sawdust, termite tubes running outdoors from the soil to a home, buckling paint, and other indications.

There are different ways to prevent or treat a termite infestation. To prevent termites, there are applications of termiticides that are put into the soil surrounding a home or structure. Also, removal of moisture in and around the house is key because termites need moist conditions for survival. Poisoning of nests is also a treatment option.

If termites already have infiltrated a home, fumigation may be necessary to remedy that problem. However, fumigation is not always effective at killing eggs and all of the termites.

Most exterminators will use a combination of treatments to rid a home of termites.

If extreme wood damage has

occurred, portions of the structure may have to be removed and rebuilt. This also may help alleviate some of the scent trails termites use to travel to and from nests and food sources.

Other termite prevention tips

There are other tactics to prevent a termite problem. * Don’t store firewood in contact with the ground. * Use chemically treated wood for building structures. * Disguise wood by painting it or using a shellac or varnish. Termites may not like the taste of treated wood. * Prevent hidden entry points where termites can go unseen. * Remove cardboard, newspaper, cotton materials and any other cellulose from the floor. * Vent kitchens and baths so that they will not trap moisture. * Fix any and all water leaks. * Don’t plant gardens or put soil directly against a home’s exterior walls.

Some simple precautions and a routine inspection can prevent termites from becoming a problem.

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• Varieties of evergreens, hardwoods and shrubs available.

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• 40 different species of conservation tree & shrub seedlings may be ordered in lots of 25.

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NORFOLK DAILY NEWS, MONDAY, MARCH 16, 2015

Spring to it!

H o w To B u ild A D isa sterResilien t H o u se Extreme weather events in every season now are thrashing, burning, flooding, and flattening many homes into rubble, and such storms are making many homeowners wonder what would happen to their homes if they were in the path of such destructive winds.

The frequency of severe storms is giving us one more reason to build with the strongest materials and the smartest technology available.

Concrete walls, instead of wood, are a good start, but as it turns out, they are also far more energy efficient, healthier for residents, cost effective, and ecofriendly.

“If you ask for the house to be built with insulated concrete forms, known as ICFs, it will immediately withstand winds of up to 111.5 miles per hour,” says Todd Blyth at Nudura, a leading name in building technology. “An ICF home is also top-rated for its insulation.”

Specifically, the walls are constructed with preassembled, interlocking units (similar to Lego), so they’re easily transported to any building site. Each form consists of two panels of thick foam (expanded polystyrene) connected with a Nudura patented web system. Guided by the architectural design and beauty aspects you request, the ICFs are stacked, steel reinforced, and filled with concrete until the entire building envelope is complete.

The material required for your walls is a decision to be made early in the process. If you opt for concrete, says Blyth, here’s what you’ll get: • In addition to hurricane and tornado impact resistance, the fire protection rate is as long as four hours.

• Premium insulation will vastly reduce air infiltration (compared to

wood walls), giving you an efficiency 1137 Riverside Blvd., rating as high as R-50 due to the thermal mass of the concrete Ste #200 (compared to an average R20 in wood Norfolk structures). That equates to reducing household energy bills by up to 70 percent. And if optional inserts are added to the ICF forms, this efficiency is improved even more.

• Walls with a solid concrete core deliver even temperatures throughout the house by preventing thermal bridging. Outside cold easily travels through wood-framed walls, creating uncomfortable chilly spots.

• Concrete will give you an effective sound barrier. ICF walls will dampen sound vibrations from outside noise, delivering remarkable peace and quiet inside.

• The system is eco-responsible: concrete reduces the need for trees; the process uses recycled materials; the construction creates less waste than traditional methods; and the occupants use fewer fossil fuels for a much smaller carbon footprint.

• A stronger, safer, greener home — and one that is more durable, cost efficient, and requires less maintenance and repair — will steadily increase in resale value.

But even with this commitment to responsibility, there is no trade-off on any of the beauty aspects and aesthetics, says Blyth.

“Your home can have all of the creative architectural shapes, like arches and bay windows, and high ceilings can be achieved,” says Blyth.

“Outdoors, the home can be finished with attractive brick, or with stone, stucco, wood, or vinyl siding.”

More information is available online at www.nudura.com.

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