What is Matter? • The Matter is everything!! • Classifying Matter According to Composition • Physical and Chemical Properties & Changes
What is Matter? • Matter is any substance that has both mass and volume. • Almost everything around us is matter including air and other gases. • Examples of things that are not considered matter are light, heat, other types of energy.
Properties Properties are the characteristics used to identify a substance.
Examples include, color, taste, smell, dimensions, density, etc.
Types of Properties 1. Chemical Properties
2. Physical Properties ďƒ˜ Quantitative vs. Qualitative Properties
Chemical & Physical Properties • Chemical Property – Describes the ability of a substance to form one or more different substances – The substance is combustible (will burn) – The substance will react with an acid • Physical Property – Describes a substance – Height, weight, colour, etc. – Includes qualitative and quantitative properties.
Qualitative vs Quantitative Properties • Qualitative properties are descriptive properties. – Example- The car is red.
• Quantitative properties are based on a number or measurement. – Example – It is 5°C outside.
Chemical vs Physical Change A chemical change results in a new substance being formed. A physical change results in the same substance with altered physical properties. Examples Chemical
Physical
Burning wood
Sawing wood
Decomposing water
Freezing water
Nail rusting
Cleaning rust with steel wool
Chemical Change Clues 1. A gas is given off 2. A color change occurs. 3. A precipitate (solid) is formed. 4. Heat is absorbed or given off. 5. Electrons are transferred. Also, difficulty in reversing a change hints at a chemical change. Keep in mind these are only clues that a chemical change may have taken place. Proof still depends on a new substance being formed with new properties.