D. TURCHYN, M. KOPCHAK, N. DROFYAK, N. HORAL’
ENGLISH for International Relations
TEACHER’S BOOK
Unit 2
Reading & Speaking 1. 1F 2T 3T 4T 5F
Vocabulary Development & Practice 1. A 1d 2e 3a 4b 5c B 1d 2e 3b 4a 5c 2. 1g 2d 3f 4b 5h 6a 7e 8c 3. 1 devotion 2 precision 3 embarrassment 4 greedy 5 contempt 6 beneficial 7 cultivated 8 intolerance 9 purposeful 10 irretrievably 4. Your own sentences. 5. 1. A success keeps abreast of the times trying to broaden his knowledge and outlook. 2. There is no point in talking to him; he is not going to make use of favorable opportunities. 3. She is always finding fault with her subordinates and she absolutely pays no attention to her mistakes and shortcomings. 4. Undoubtedly, if it hadn’t been for the definite purpose, we wouldn’t have achieved success. 5. The issue of budget/budgetary expenditures is expected to be handled/ to be dealt with by a specially created/ set up commission. 6. The misunderstanding was allegedly caused by fears that the incident would influence the final decision. 7. A soberminded person tries to live within his means. 8. The speaker claimed that such political statements engender resentment, mistrust, and disregard/ disrespect among people. 9. The foreign language syllabus provides for a thorough foreign language study aimed at developing and improving students’ language skills and broadening their professional outlook. 10. A patriot has a keen respect for his native language, customs, and traditions of the people, and is always ready to defend his motherland. 6. 1. to advance, to achieve success 2. partly 3. stems from 4. faith 5. vindicated 6. achievement 7. inherits 8. dedication 9. sacrifices 10. relentless pursuit 11. leading goal 12. virtues 13. brought up 14. scheme 15. betray 16. abandon 17. plot 18. leaks 19. becomes public 20. resembles 21. code of ethics 22. in the long run 23. cherish 24. integrity 25. deviate 26. dictum 27. favors 6
7. 1 on 2 by 3 for 4 to 5 about 6 within 7 on 8 of 9 to 10 within 11 on 12 in 13 from 14 with 15 at 8. 1C 2I 3F 4G 5J 6H 7D 8A 9B 10E 9. 1B 2D 3C 4C 5A 6A 7D 8C 9C 10B 11D 12C 13D 14A 15B 16C 17B 18A 19C 20B 10. 1 run 2 commit 3 conduct 4 strain 5 congealed 6 discerning 7 inflexible 8 humiliations 9 tarnishes 10 obscure 11. 1 making 2 values 3 journey 4 clarity 5 harmony 6 vitality 7 rocking 8 generation 9 encountered 10 reacted 11 change 12 inequalities 13 clues 14 survived 15 difference
Listening 1. 1 will be able to execute 2 proceeds in fits and starts 3 slip back into your old 4 to evolve precisely on 5 occasional setbacks or slip-ups 2. A C F G I
7
Unit 3
Vocabulary Development & Practice 1. 1h 2e 3b 4f 5g 6d 7a 8c 2. 1 boundaries 2 sounds 3 vocal 4 exchange 5 upright 6 scale 7 military 8 societies 4. 1. Language is a constituent part of culture. All cultures are based on language, and all languages must be complex enough to transmit the full richness of culture. 2. Essentially, the might of the country depends on the unity of its/her people and the country’s economic development. 3. Some contemporary scientists oppose Darwin’s theory of evolution by calling it pseudo-scientific. 4. Though I share your beliefs I think we must pay more attention to patriotic education and cultural development of our young people. 5. The participants of the international conference have recently adopted a resolution on the preservation of extinct plants and species. 6. The first thing to do is to discuss the issue of cultural exchange. 7. The House of Commons is composed of Members of Parliament who are elected in general elections every 5 years. 8. Maintaining an upright posture, she was speaking slowly trying to articulate each word loudly and distinctly/ clearly. 9. What are the distinguishing characteristics of Ukraine’s foreign policy? 10. Scientists believe that australopithecines, our earliest/remote/ distant ancestors, had an upright posture and were able to make crude stone tools. 5. 1 vary widely 2 rain forest 3 practice monogamy 4 count into 5 mother-in-law jokes 6 tolerant protector 7 means of subsistence 8 human societies 6. 1. belonging to 2. self-definition 3. migrate 4. ancestry 5. exposed to 6. values 7. occupation 8. material possessions 9. wealth 10. kinship 11. place of residence 12. politics 13. distinction 14. compared to 15. dimensions 16. tribes 17. religious communities 18. meaningful 19. to reaffirm values 20. technological development 21. to maintain identity 22. to distinguish oneself 23. commonalities 24. distinctiveness theory 25. to distance oneself from others 26. to count 27. to enhance relationships 28. cultural core 29. inevitable 30. to prove very destructive 8
7. 1 emergence 2 complexity 3 arrangement 4 respond 5 systematic 6 illiterate 7 totality 8 constitution 8. 1 blending 2 to distinguish 3 to compete 4 to designate 5 junk 6 distilled 7 to maintain 8 artificial 9 complexity 10 clue 11 to depict 12 striking 13 to capture 14 to intend 15 hollow 9. 1C 2B 3D 4C 5D 6B 7A 8C 9D 10B 11C 12C 13D 14C 15A
Listening 1. 1. All religions help their followers to find meaning in the world. 2. Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Judaism 3. One type has a single, all-powerful god and in the other type followers believe in more than one god. 4. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. 5. Hinduism, Jainism, Shinto, Zoroastrianism, Native American religions, and traditional African religions. 6. A higher state of being – freedom from suffering. 7. Acting in a certain way. 8. They perform rituals, say prayers, have holidays and use written works, such as the Bible and the Qur’an. 9. In buildings, such as churches or temples. 10. Treating others well and doing the right thing.
9
Unit 4
Vocabulary Development & Practice 1. A 1d 2c 3a 4e 5b B 1e 2d 3b 4c 5a 2. 1 strict 2 industrial 3 sustainable 4 irreversible 5 layer 6 species 7 crisis 8 resources 3. 1 conservation 2 variety 3 disastrous 4 diverse 5 sustain 6 contamination 7 mistreatment 8 distributes 9 deterred 10 diminishing 4. 1. To avert a global ecological crisis, strict international sanctions should be imposed on countries that violate environmental standards. 2. According to the representative of the public preservation group, the flashmob’s miniperformance was aimed at affecting public opinion. 3. Destruction of the world’s tropical rain forests also leads to climate change/altered climate patterns. 4. Industrial pollutants/waste cause irreversible/irreparable damage to the environment. 5. Humans may destroy all plant and animal species and even themselves because of their unnatural activities. 6. Furthermore, our scientists have devised innovative projects aimed at harmonious meshing the country’s economic growth with environmental protection. 7. It is believed that chemical components of aerosols/sprays contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer in the earth’s atmosphere. 8. Sustainable development is economic development that doesn’t cause damage to the environment. 9. We all have to realize that our planet’s natural resources are not infinite/are finite. 10. If humankind goes on mistreating nature like this, global ecological/environmental collapse/ catastrophe is inevitable. 5. 1 the standard of living 2 pollution/contamination 3 partially poisoned 4 chemical wastes 5 uninhabitable 6 to expose 7 endangered 8 extinct 9 to pass laws 10 to reverse the threat 11 all living things 12 to exert pressure on 13 predatory animals 14 to reduce the population 15 prey 16 herds 17 to trample 18 vast stretches 19 to deposit silt 20 estuary 21 bay 22 temporary dislocations 23 to accommodate to 24 to disrupt nature’s delicate balance 25 immediate corrective action 6. 1 air temperatures 2 due to 3 human causes 4 greenhouse gases 5 known as 6 encompasses 10
7. 1B 2C 3D 4C 5B 6A 7D 8B 9C 10D 11C 12A 8. 1 event 2 result 3 include 4 create 5 involve 6 collapse
Listening 1. 1F 2F 3F 4T 5T 2. 1 concern 2 took place 3 spilled 4 faced 5 barrels of oil 6 were covered with 7 caused 8 was averted 9 poured into 10 human toll
11
Unit 5
Reading & Speaking 1. 1F 2T 3T 4F 5T 6T
Vocabulary Development & Practice 1. 1f 2g 3h 4e 5b 6a 7d 8c 3. 1 serenity 2 discovery 3 requires 4 perception 5 verification 6 bitterness 7 eternity 8 valuable, valueless 9 purity 10 distinctive 4. 1. A number of issues inextricably linked with scientific and technological advancement and preservation of national identity in the framework of globalization processes will be considered/ discussed. 2. Scientists have verified the causal relationships between the Internet addiction and illnesses, social isolation, academic failure, and even excessive financial debts. 3. The philosophic treatise traces the development of society and the eternal laws of nature. 4. According to the dean, more than 300 students of international relations, as well as lecturers, scientists and practitioners attended the scientific conference. 5. People have differing/different views and every person has the right to perceive and interpret the world in his own way. 6. The objective of the research is to elucidate laws underlying the complicated biological processes in the state of weightlessness. 7. You must understand now the distinction/difference between the words “invention” and “discovery”. 8. It’s strange but the former bitter opponent of biotechnologies has changed/revised his opinion now, claiming that they open up new vistas for humankind. 9. The high-ranking official dismissed the corruption allegations as pure conjecture/ calling them pure conjecture. 10. Everybody believes that you deserve a reward – you have worked tirelessly, unselfishly/selflessly, and fruitfully. 5. 1 into 2 from 3 beyond 4 within 5 in 6 on 7 by 8 to 9 at 10 at 6. 1C 2A 3D 4B 5C 6C 7A 8C 9D 10B 11A 12C 13D 14C 15A 7. 1 composed 2 share 3 effectively 4 distribution 5 access 6 consumption 7 products 8 online 9 interact 10 researching 11 deliver 12 tremendously 13 flexibility 14 interconnection 15 inexpensive 12
8. 1. living cell 2. vast storehouse 3. encoded in genes 4. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 5. replicates 6. inherited traits 7. genetic engineering 8. encompassed 9. modifying organisms 10. heredity 11. reproduction 12. selective breeding 13. artificial selection 14. artificial insemination 15. in vitro fertilization 16. recombinant 17. combined 18. inserted 19. host organism 20. bacterium 21. great impact 22. tremendous advances 23. afforded 24. controversy 25. unfavorable 26. antibiotic resistance 9. 1 broadest sense 2 devoted to the manufacture 3 exposure to nuclear power 4 coincided with 5 could be harnessed 6 proponents of this technology 7 locus of political struggle 8 irrationally fearing 10. 1 property 2 dimension 3 flowering 4 novel 5 scale 6 range 7 to scratch the surface 8 solid 9 pollutant 10 infancy 11 conservation 12 breakthrough 13 gear 14 coating 15 to exhibit
Listening 1. 1 fascinating ventures 2 remoteness 3 travel in space 4 speculation 5 investigate the reaches 6 human crews 7 sounding rockets 8 reconnaissance 2. 1 life span 2 to feed itself 3 point unimaginable 4 poisonous waste 5 unemployed
13
Unit 6
Vocabulary Development & Practice 1. 1f 2h 3e 4a 5g 6b 7c 8d 2. Your own explanations. 3. 1 communication 2 across 3 champion 4 means 5 mechanical 6 first 7 judgment 8 civic 4. 1 convincing 2 substitution 3 judges 4 vitality 5 empowered 6 imply 7 unemployment 8 unbelievable 9 consistency 10 promotion 5. 1. In her speech she pointed out that in contrast to many of her colleagues, he was and he is /he has been a devoted human rights activist. 2. He expects to be promoted/ to get a promotion, since he proved himself to be a responsible and reliable worker. 3. Taking into consideration all these things, the employers will hardly dare to undertake such radical measures. 4. Some TV channels poured scorn on democracy champions to decrease their popularity. 5. Many political analysts trust the survey since the organization, which conducted it, has an unblemished reputation. 6. Undoubtedly, nowadays there is no substitute for the Internet which is an all-purpose means of communication. 7. If you want to win the audience’s respect and trust, you have to be able to speak convincingly and believably. 8. The Chief executive officer said that the company was/is planning to hire two more accountants. 9. Despite the law on state language, mass media by different means continue the policy of imposing a foreign language, culture and advertising foreign stars. 10. Before forming a judgment on the matter, we have to study the documents/materials of the case thoroughly. 6. 1D 2F 3A 4E 5C 6B 7. 1 exchange 2 include 3 estimated 4 experienced 5 involve 6 devices 8. 1 into 2 in 3 from 4 away 5 like 6 as 7 from 8 on 9 in 10 in 11 from 12 during 13 like 14 as 15 in 9. 1 accomplish 2 associated 3 relationships 4 connections 5 reach 6 referring 7 context 8 memorable 9 win 10 definition
14
Listening 1. 1. Success of many companies depends on the ability of their employees and managers to communicate effectively. 2. In effective communication, individuals achieve a shared understanding, stimulate others to take actions, and encourage people to think in new ways. 3. Effective communication increases your and your organization’s productivity. 4. For most jobs strong oral and written communication skills are required. 2. 1 oratory 2 more attention 3 upon this form 4 are often asked 5 speaks in public 6 become leaders 7 addresses a group 8 an audience 9 provide information 10 persuade 11 are scheduled 12 prepare their 13 impromptu 14 professional writers 15 great influence
15