NSO 0926-27 《時間之流》

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時間之流 Reflection in Time

2014年9月26日(星期五)7:30PM 國家音樂廳 National Concert Hall, Taipei

2014年9月27日(星期六)7:30PM 高雄至德堂 Jhihde Hall, Kaohsiung 指 揮│呂紹嘉 Shao-Chia Lü, conductor 大 提 琴│葛替耶‧卡普頌 Gautier Capuçon, cello 國家交響樂團 National Symphony Orchestra (NSO)

主辦單位

特別感謝

台北場

高雄場

電子問券請掃描, 支持NSO愛地球。

電子問券請掃描, 支持NSO愛地球。


曲目 PROGRAM

上半場 約45分鐘 下半場 約35分鐘

2014.9.26 國家音樂廳 National Concert Hall, Taipei

尚‧西貝流士(1865-1957):《夜騎與日出》 陳其鋼(b. 1951):《逝去的時光》 ~中場休息~

尚‧西貝流士:第二號交響曲 I.

小快板

II.

行板速度,但自由的

III. 極其活潑 V.

終曲:中快板

JEAN SIBELIUS (1865-1957 ): Night Ride and Sunrise, Op. 55 QIGANG CHEN (b. 1951): Reflet d’un temps disparu ---Intermission---

JEAN SIBELIUS: Symphony No. 2, Op. 43, D Major

I. Allegretto

II. Tempo andante, ma rubato

III. Vivacissimo

IV. Finale: Allegro moderato

本中心表演藝術圖書館典藏相關節目資料,詳見http://serv.lib.ntch.org.tw/related_catalog/index.asp?q=201409, 並歡迎親洽表演藝術圖書館(國家戲劇院地下層)借閱使用。

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上半場 約45分鐘 下半場 約35分鐘

2014.9.27 高雄至德堂 Jhihde Hall, Kaohsiung

尚‧西貝流士(1865-1957):《夜騎與日出》 羅伯特‧舒曼(1810-1856):A小調大提琴協奏曲 I. 不太快地 II. 慢板 III. 非常活潑地

~中場休息~

尚‧西貝流士:第二號交響曲 I. II. III. V.

小快板 行板速度,但自由的 極其活潑 終曲:中快板

JEAN SIBELIUS (1865-1957 ): Night Ride and Sunrise, Op. 55 ROBERT SCHUMANN (1810-1856): Cello Concerto, Op. 129, A minor

I. Nicht zu schnell II. Langsam III. Sehr lebhaft

---Intermission---

JEAN SIBELIUS: Symphony No. 2, Op. 43, D Major

I. Allegretto II. Tempo andante, ma rubato III. Vivacissimo IV. Finale: Allegro moderato

For related information of the wonderful program of the Center for the Performing Arts Library Collection, please refer to http://serv.lib.ntch.org.tw/related_catalog/index.asp?q=201409

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歡 迎

各位親愛的觀眾,您好: 「國家表演藝術中心」於2014年四月正式成立。本中心所屬的場館包括臺北的國家兩廳 院、臺中國家歌劇院、高雄的衛武營國家藝術文化中心。我們期盼由這北中南串起的平 臺成為大家所愛的表演藝術大家庭。誠摯地邀請您來一同參與!

國家表演藝術中心董事長

Welcome The National Performing Arts Center opened in April, 2014. Our Center, which embodies the National Theater & Concert Hall in Taipei, the National Taichung Theater and the National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts, is dedicated to providing a platform for the performing arts connecting the whole of Taiwan. We welcome you to become part of our performing arts family.

Chairman, National Performing Arts Center

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演出者簡介

指揮 conductor

呂紹嘉 Shao-Chia Lü 「呂紹嘉是表達音樂意境之大師,也是一位才華卓絕的指揮。」

-《南德日報》

出身台灣,為享譽國際樂壇的旅歐名指揮家。自鋼琴啟蒙,後隨陳秋盛研習指揮,繼而赴美印第 安那大學及維也納國立音樂院深造。在贏得法國貝桑頌、義大利佩卓地和荷蘭孔德拉辛三大國際指 揮大賽首獎後,展開了他在歐洲的指揮生涯。 旅居德國期間先後擔任柏林喜歌劇院首席駐團指揮(1995-1998)、德國柯布倫茲市立歌劇院音 樂總監(1998-2001)、德國國家萊茵愛樂交響樂團音樂總監(1998-2004)、德國漢諾威國家歌劇 院音樂總監(2001-2006),並於2004年5月獲文化部長頒贈象徵該省文化最高榮譽的Peter Cornelius 獎章。 在歌劇的領域中,曾於英國國家歌劇院、布魯塞爾皇家歌劇院、雪梨歌劇院、德國司徒加特、 柏林德意志、漢堡、法蘭克福歌劇院客席登臺指揮。歌劇外,呂紹嘉在交響樂指揮的表現也同樣耀 眼。近年來合作的主要交響樂團有:柏林、西南德、中德、巴伐利亞廣播、法國國家、里昂、杜魯 士、史特拉斯堡、維也納廣播、英國利物浦愛樂、奧斯陸愛樂、貝爾根愛樂、

赫爾辛基愛樂、瑞

典廣播、挪威廣播、哥特堡、羅馬聖西西里亞、及荷蘭皇家音樂大會堂管絃樂團等。在亞洲,與香 港管弦樂團、NHK、新日本愛樂及北京、上海等地的代表性樂團合作演出。 自2010年8月起接任NSO國家交響樂團音樂總監。

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“The conductor Shao-Chia Lü is a master of nuance.“

—Süddeutsche Zeitung

Taiwan-born conductor Shao-Chia Lü studied music in Taipei, later at the Indiana University in Bloomington, USA, and also at the College of Music Vienna. His training was topped off with three important first prizes at renowned international conductor competitions: Besancon (France), Pedrotti (Italy) and Kondrashin (the Netherlands). Shao-Chia Lü took the position of General Music Director of the Koblenz Theatre(1998-2001), the Staatsorchester Rheinische Philharmonie Koblenz(1998-2004), and the Staatsoper Hannover between (20012006). Shao-Chia Lü appears regularly as guest-conductor at several world renowned opera houses, including the Opera Australian in Sydney and Melbourne, the English National Opera, the Theatre de la Monnaie in Brussels, Den Norske Opera in Oslo, the Gothenburg Opera, the Oper Frankfurt, Staatsoper Hamburg and Stuttgart, the Deutsche Oper and Komische Oper Berlin. Alongside his opera activities, Lü is equally at home on concert podiums. Lü has worked repeatedly with many leading European orchestras, such as the Oslo Philharmonic, the Orchestra Sinfonica di Santa Cecilia Rome, the Norwegian and Swedish Radio Orchestra, the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, the Orchestre National de France, the SWR Stuttgart, the Rundfunksinfonieorchster Berlin, the Goteborg Sinfoniker, the Staatskapelle Weimar, the Frankfurter Museumsorchester and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra in Amsterdam. In Asia, Lu has worked with Hong Kong, NHK, New Japan Philharmonic and leading orchestras in China. Shao-Chia Lü has been Music Director of the Taiwan Philharmonic (the National Symphony Orchestra of Taiwan) since August 2010 and the Principal Conductor of the South Denmark Philharmonic starting 2014.

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大提琴 cello

葛替耶‧卡普頌 Gautier Capuçon

1981年生於法國善貝里,卡普頌五歲開始學習大提琴。就讀於國立巴黎高等音樂學院,師從 Philippe Muller與Annie Cochet-Zakine,其後並於維也納跟隨Heinrich Schiff學習大提琴。他曾獲得許 多國際大賽首獎肯定,其中包括獲得土魯斯的納瓦拉大賽冠軍;於2001年獲頒有法國葛萊美獎 之稱的「音樂之光」的「年度新秀獎」,並於2004年贏得BB信託(Burlotti-Buitoni Trust)藝術家 大獎,以及其後的數座德國古典回聲唱片大獎。卡普頌經常與世界各大樂團合作演出,並成為指揮 家如:葛濟夫、比契科夫、海汀克、鄭明勳、杜特華、艾森巴赫、杜達美、尼爾森斯最喜愛的獨 奏家之一。2013/14樂季,卡普頌在比契科夫指揮下與阿姆斯特丹皇家大會堂管絃樂團、波雷柯指 揮下與紐約愛樂、艾森巴赫指揮下與德勒斯登國家管絃樂團首次同臺演出。他為維京唱片(Virgin Classics)專屬錄音合約音樂家。

Born in Chambéry in 1981, Gautier Capuçon began playing the cello at the age of five. He studied at the Conservatoire National Supérieur in Paris with Philippe Muller and Annie Cochet-Zakine, and later with Heinrich Schiff in Vienna. The winner of various first prizes in many leading international competitions, including the International André Navarra Prize, Capuçon was named ‘New Talent of the Year’ by Victoires de la Musique (the French equivalent of a Grammy) in 2001; in 2004 he received a Borletti-Buitoni Trust Award since which time he has received several Echo Klassik awards. Capuçon performs regularly as a soloist with the major orchestras worldwide, and is a favorite of conductors at the highest level including Gergiev, Dudamel, Bychkov, Haitink, Chung, Dutoit, Eschenbach, Nelsons and Nézet-Séguin. In the 13/14 season, debuts include the Concertgebouw Orchestra/Bychkov, New York Philharmonic/ Boreyko and the Staatskapelle Dresden/Eschenbach in Dresden and the Salzburg Easter Festival. Gautier Capuçon records exclusively for Virgin Classics.

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樂團簡介

自信而精銳 國家交響樂團 National Symphony Orchestra 「(呂紹嘉)帶領著樂團在(柏林)愛樂廳呈現了近乎完美的演出。」 ─德國《每日鏡報》2013.11 「銅管清亮的音色、絃樂流暢的律動、木管無瑕的音準、擊樂群無比的精準,臺灣愛樂毫無疑問是 一流的樂團!」

─《協奏曲網》2013.11

「樂團所有聲部在德沃札克第八號交響曲呈現了清新的活力及優美樂句,營造出一個精緻氛圍,特 別在終曲輕快如跳舞般的旋律更為顯著。」

─《音樂美國》2013.11

交響樂團在每個國家有不同的形成背景,在沒有西方管絃樂傳統的臺灣,過去樂團都以文化教育體 系營運。經過二十多年耕耘,我們可以驕傲的說,國家交響樂團(NSO),從交響樂、室內樂到歌 劇,是一自信、精銳,有文化意識的「臺灣之音」。 國家交響樂團的前身「聯合實驗管絃樂團」,是教育部於1986年集合優秀新生代音樂家,以打造頂 尖交響樂團為目標所成立。2005年成為國立中正文化中心附設團隊,2014年4月改隸國家表演藝術中 心,以「臺灣愛樂」立足國際。歷任常任指揮為Gerad Akoka、Urs Schneider及音樂總監包括許常惠、 張大勝、林望傑、簡文彬等人。近十年來NSO銳意求變,大步朝專業、開放、勇於創新的職業樂團發 展,2010年8月,旅德知名指揮呂紹嘉接任NSO音樂總監,更將樂團打造為亞洲地區最具指標性樂團 之一。 樂團現有96名團員,每年樂季演出約80場次。前任總監簡文彬任內(2001─2007)為樂團系統性拓 展曲目,以各種跨界製作開創多項國內先例;2006年《尼貝龍指環》四部連篇歌劇演出寫下亞洲歌劇 演出里程碑。前底特律及多倫多交響樂團音樂總監赫比希(Günther Herbig)為NSO藝術顧問暨首席客 座指揮(2008-2010),為NSO訓練出堅實的演奏實力與動人音樂性,建立駐團作曲家計畫,提供國人 作品更多發表空間。 2010年起,音樂總監呂紹嘉以多元化主題貫穿樂季,整合與對比並存的廣博曲目,本著「精緻、 深刻、悸動」的信念琢磨出樂團多變細膩的音色與深刻撼人的音樂表現;歌劇演出從跨國製作到深 耕國內:《艾蕾克特拉》(2011)、《蝴蝶夫人》(2012)、《女武神》(2013)、《莎樂美》 (2014),次次展現令國際樂評驚豔的製作。呂紹嘉不僅積極拓展樂團演奏近代管絃樂作品的能力, 更致力於鞏固精鍊古典經典名作,同時持續國人管絃樂創作之演出、錄音。2011年起,呂紹嘉帶領樂 團積極展開海外巡演,「2013歐洲巡演」獲得德法義樂評的高度讚譽。 近三十年來與NSO合作過的客席指揮家:馬捷爾、巴夏、潘德瑞茨基、史拉特金、羅斯托波維奇、 柯米希奧納、羅許德茲特溫斯基、霍格伍德、譚盾、麥可•桑德林等;及聲樂家芙雷妮、柯楚芭絲、 帕瓦洛帝、多明哥、卡瑞拉斯、庫拉、特菲爾、波伽利、吉他大師耶佩斯、鋼琴家傅聰、拉羅嘉、提 博德、魯迪、賀夫、巴佛傑、寇瓦謝維契、齊柏絲坦、洛提、歐森、白建宇、拉貝克姐妹、鄧泰山、 薩洛等;大提琴家馬友友、顧德曼、麥斯基、卡普頌、王健、伊瑟利斯、繆勒-修特、嘉碧妲;小提琴 家林昭亮、胡乃元、夏漢、明茲、列賓、希拉蕊•韓、宓多里、絲凱德、林以信、哈格納;擊樂家葛 蘭妮、葛魯賓格及其他器樂家莎賓•梅耶、巴伯羅柯、弗黎崔希等逾八百位音樂家。 8


攝影 Raymond Huang

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National Symphony Orchestra “(Shao-Chia Lü) bietet der Klangkörper in der Philharmonie ein Bild erstrebter Makellosigkeit.“

- Der Tagesspiegel

“The burnished sound from the brass; the diaphanous dance rhythms from the strings; the flawless intonation from the woodwinds; and the tight, meticulous execution from the percussion proved beyond a doubt that the Taiwan Philharmonic is a first-class orchestra.” - Concerto Net.com “All sections of the orchestra were in fine form for Dvorak's Eighth Symphony, which unfolded with fresh energy and elegant phrasing, particularly in the lilting dance-like melody of the closing Allegro ma non troppo .” - Musical America

Founded in 1986, the Taiwan Philharmonic, also known as the National Symphony Orchestra (NSO), is hailed as one of the best orchestras in the Asian region, and became the resident orchestra of the National Chiang Kai-Shek Cultural Center in 2005. Since April 2014, the NSO has been an affiliate orchestra to the National Performing Arts Center. Led by renowned conductor Shao-Chia Lü as its fifth music director since August 2010, the NSO has increased the country’s cultural richness and music educational strength throughout Taiwan. The 99-member NSO presents a 40-week musical season of approximately 75 concerts/chamber recitals and one opera production each year. It also undertakes a countinuing seriers of educational programs and outreach projects constantly. Tour performances are regularly offered throughout Taiwan and overseas. It has been to Vienna, Paris, Berlin, Geneva, Milan, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Sapporo, Tokyo, Yokohama, Hong Kong and major cities in China. The NSO works with internationally acclaimed conductors such as Lorin Maazel, Krzysztof Penderecki, Rudolf Barshai, Leonard Slatkin, Christopher Hogwood, Oleg Caetani, Gennady Rozhdestvensky, Michael Sanderling and soloists including Midori, Vadim Repin, Hilary Hahn, Baiba Skride, Viviane Hagner, Yo-Yo Ma, Gautier Capuçon, Alban Gerhardt, Mischa Maisky, Sol Gabetta, Evelyn Glennie, Martin Grubinger, Louis Lortie, Kun-Woo Paik, Stephen Hough, Stephen Kovacevich, Katia & Marielle Labèque, Sabine Meyer, Reinhold Friedrich. The NSO has extended its artistic reach to involve itself in theater and opera productions, including work with Lin Hwai-Min, the world-renowned choreographer and founder of Taiwan’s Cloud Gate Dance Theatre, Austrian digital artist Klaus Obermaier, and opera stage directors Tobias Richter, Moffatt Oxenbould, and Hans-Peter Lehmann. In addition to its record-breaking semistaged concert operas, Der Ring des Nibelungen and Elektra, the NSO has collaborated with world-class opera houses for multinational productions such as Der Rosenkavalier (Deutsche Oper am Rhein, 2007), Carmen (Royal Opera House Covent Garden, Norwegian National Opera and Opera Australia, 2009), and Madama Butterfly (Opera Australia, 2012) as well as in-house productions of Die Walküre (2013) and Salome (2014).

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樂曲解說

尚‧西貝流士:《夜騎與日出》 撰文│車炎江(台北藝術大學音樂學博士)

西貝流士的音樂清晰勾勒芬蘭的國家民族形象,尤其在交響曲與管絃樂曲方面建樹良多, 為廿世紀交響曲與管絃樂曲名家之一,躋身廿世紀北歐名家之列。此曲承襲德奧交響詩創作 路線,於1908年11月創作完成。雖然西貝流士曾對外宣稱《夜騎與日出》(Öinen ratsastus ja auringonnousu)是懷想羅馬古競技場戰馬奔騰所得到的結果,但若說此曲是以芬蘭在地風情為 主要題材,顯然更具說服力。音樂內容呈現馬匹牽引的雪橇從首都赫爾辛基(Helsinki)暗夜奔 馳,趕路到大約三十公里外的城鎮凱瓦拉(Kervo [Kevara]),直到目睹天際由暗轉亮、黎明曙 光乍現的華美榮景。 全曲主要分成前後兩大段落。前段呈現模擬達達馬蹄疾馳奔騰的聲響效果,輕快的附點節奏 由疏而密漸次加快,宛如群馬和雪橇由遠而近、鋪天蓋地疾駛而來的動態和氣勢。強力密集的 聲響散去後轉入寧靜氛圍。絃樂以近琴橋奏法(sul ponticello)營造特殊音場,引入長笛和雙簧 管主奏的第二大段主題旋律。在近似中板的速度下,絃樂以低音域齊奏滄涼的旋律鋪展基礎, 隨後逐漸呈現明亮溫暖、變幻頻仍的神祕氛圍,引入的鳥歌主題,象徵黎明時刻已到。最後, 由法國號和低音管領頭吹奏出歌頌清晨的讚美歌,直到全體木管加入後,和煦的北歐清晨曙光 躍然紙上,彷彿就在眼前。

陳其鋼:《逝去的時光》 撰文│車炎江

作曲家陳其鋼生於1951年,出身自中國上海藝術世家。曾歷經勞改下鄉,青年時期在北京中央 音樂學院主修作曲(1977-1982),師事羅忠熔。1984年前往法國,成為梅湘(Olivier Messiaen, 1908-1992)門下弟子,在現代音樂創作領域展露才華,尤其能將中國傳統音樂元素置於西方樂 器的演奏內容中,卻顯得風格獨樹,現代音樂倏忽萬變的高難度演奏技法和創新聲響素材,經 他巧手運用後,更能展現個人獨特的情感和思想。1992年取得法國國籍。作品在中西皆受高度 肯定,數度贏得國際作曲大獎。 《逝去的時光》可說是陳其鋼所有音樂創作中最常在音樂會舞臺上出現的樂曲之一。此曲譜 寫於1995年,為大提琴獨奏和管絃樂團而作,由法國國家電臺(Radio France)委託創作。1998 年4月23日在巴黎香榭麗舍劇院(Théâtre des Champs-Elysées)首演,由華裔知名大提琴家馬友 友主奏,夏爾•杜圖瓦(Charles Dutoit)指揮法國國家管絃樂團聯合演出。樂曲長度大約25分 鐘,有別於廿世紀現代音樂強調創新、理性思考、卻顯得冷峻疏離的學院派路線,《逝去的時 光》採用著名中國古琴曲《梅花三弄》泛音旋律作為貫穿全曲的主題。由獨奏大提琴率先呈示 主題,在長笛和雙簧管伴奏下,營造出悠遠的意境。後續樂曲再現主題二次並且充份進行發展 變奏,使得全曲高潮迭起,並且以這出現三次的主題來呼應《梅花三弄》古曲題旨。樂曲引古 11


喻今,抒發作曲者對於過往美好、自然、寧靜與純真年代的留戀和懷想。作曲家曾表示,《逝 去的時光》意指人生曾經最美好的一段(童年、初戀、事業…),其消逝純屬自然,人與自然 和諧相處,則是精神所在。樂曲巧妙結合二種異質文化─中國古典雅致美感和西方現代音樂聲 響律動。使用淡入或淡出的過濾手法,將不同調性的音樂交錯疊置,柔化原本聽覺上不和諧的 聲響,增強音樂張力、色彩變化和發展的動能。最後在樂曲結束時,大提琴泛音奏為逐漸消散 的主題點綴零散不和諧音,為此曲留下無盡的惆悵與思索。 《逝去的時光》另有二胡版本,加拿大蒙特婁交響樂團曾經委託陳其鋼將此曲改編成為二胡協 奏曲(2002年4月23日加拿大蒙特婁首演,二胡馬向華)。

羅伯特‧舒曼:A小調大提琴協奏曲 撰文│張偉明(國立臺灣師範大學音樂學碩士)

協奏曲在十九世紀前半蓬勃發展,但大提琴協奏曲卻留下空白的一頁:「大提琴演奏家」創作 的樂曲,作品深度無法通過歷史的考驗;「作曲家」因為對大提琴掌握不足,無法讓大提琴在 樂團中有突出的表現,故鮮少嘗試創作。直到舒曼的A小調大提琴協奏曲,才寫下新的一頁。 1850年,舒曼前往杜塞朵夫(Düsseldorf)擔任該市的樂團音樂總監。對全新生活的熱情, 使舒曼展現驚人的創作能量,短短半個月即完成A小調大提琴協奏曲。舒曼夫人克拉拉(Clara Schumann, 1819-1896)對這首作品愛不釋手:「這是以真正的大提琴風格寫作的。」、「我 再次演奏羅伯特的大提琴協奏曲,並度過真正快樂的音樂時光。大提琴與樂團交織出浪漫、活 潑、新鮮、幽默、有趣等令人陶醉的特質,所有旋律,都可以發現極其和諧的聲響與深沉的情 感。」但舒曼卻不滿意並持續修改。舒曼去世後,1860年,為紀念作曲家誕生50週年,這首樂 曲終於得以首演,獲得成功的迴響:「就像貝多芬和孟德爾頌晚期的協奏曲,這首樂曲具有新 穎的交響聲響,獨奏僅比樂團稍微突出。…我們可以宣稱這將是最具價值的大提琴曲目。」 在手稿中,舒曼將這首作品命名為「小協奏曲」(Konzertstück),反映出其特殊形式:雖然 有三個樂章,卻如同單一樂章無法分割,並有許多貫穿全曲的動機。這樣「統一」的概念,是 為了彌補作品強調抒情歌唱,卻缺乏對比與戲劇發展的缺失。第一樂章以木管與絃樂撥奏的三 個和弦溫柔地拉開序幕,和弦最高音(E-A-C)更預示緊接的第一主題(E-A-B-C),最後同 樣利用三個和弦導入第二樂章。三個和弦填補第二樂章獨奏旋律間的空檔,更成為第三樂章樂 團的強烈齊奏。第一樂章第一主題在第二樂章中段,由木管與獨奏大提琴再現。在第三樂章, 第一樂章第一主題動機更與第三樂章第一主題動機並置發展。第一樂章第二主題的下行大跳音 程,成為開啟第二樂章主題的重要動機,並在第三樂章第二主題中應用。第二樂章獨奏主題以 絃樂撥絃伴奏,但另有一部樂團大提琴與獨奏大提琴共同拉奏,形成優美的大提琴二重奏。第 三樂章成功融合炫技素材與交響聲響,最後的裝飾奏附有樂團伴奏,是由舒曼親自譜寫,樂團 以節制的聲響點綴,獨奏大提琴強調中低音域,帶有沉思氛圍,卻又不失狂想。

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尚‧西貝流士:第二號交響曲 撰文│車炎江

西貝流士在廿世紀交響曲的傳承歷史上別具意義。尤其是與他時代相近的重要作曲家如理查•史 特勞斯、荀貝格、斯特拉溫斯基、巴爾托克等人,都已發覺傳統交響曲不論軀殼或骨幹皆已成為音 樂創作的包袱,紛紛加以變化、注入新時代新觀念與新聲響;甚至馬勒也已經對交響曲展現與過往 傳統極不相同的當代音樂理念。西貝流士曾於1907年與馬勒對談,二人短暫交會,雖反映各自對 交響曲兩極化的詮釋觀點,卻是兼容並蓄,並且似乎已預先在西貝流士第二交響曲展現。西貝流士 回憶道: 我喜愛交響曲展現的嚴謹性、風格特徵、以及所有音樂動機之間內部聯繫的深刻邏輯性。這是我 投入作曲的原因。馬勒的意見則恰好相反,他說:「不,交響曲必須和這個世界一樣。它必須包含 萬事萬物。」 1900年之後,西貝流士有許多機會到芬蘭以外的地方旅行。他與赫爾辛基愛樂一同到巴黎等地巡 迴演出,並接受愛樂者卡佩藍(Axel Carpelan)贊助,在1901年造訪義大利拉帕洛(Rapallo)等城 鎮。在1890年代,他已透過一系列交響詩如《黃泉的天鵝》(1896)、《芬蘭頌》(1899)而成 為當時北歐最具代表性的音樂形象。但他在義大利得以暫時拋下前述的國族包袱,自由吸收這裡的 自然和人文養份,同時開始構思一系列作品,諸如但丁的《神曲》、莫札特義大利歌劇《唐喬望 尼》的石像客場景等,並且在當地起草這首第二交響曲;惟直到結束旅途回到芬蘭之後,全曲才得 以完成。1902年初完成第二交響曲譜寫工作,同年3月8日在赫爾辛基舉行首演。 或許正因如此,採用傳統四樂章架構寫成的第二交響曲,成了西貝流士擁抱世界的里程碑,也是 他最為人所知的交響曲作品之一。雖然樂音偶現北歐冷冽深沈的迷霧氛圍,但似乎更多的是義大 利的溫暖陽光和田園詩意。第一樂章一開始即反映這項特徵,D大調、6/4拍子呈現親切的田園風 格;在擴充之後的傳統奏鳴曲式體裁上,音樂逐漸發展出光輝亮燦的面貌。第二樂章採用和莫札特 喜歌劇《唐喬望尼》石像客場景相同調性(D小調)和類似的行進分解和絃模式,由大提琴和低音 提琴撥奏作為前導,伴隨定音鼓在D音上的微弱滾奏,低音管率先呈現陰暗的第一主題;佛羅倫斯 人文景致和但丁《神曲》的影響,則反映在接下來的第二主題(升F大調)之上,分部絃樂奏出的 主題旋律和木管綿延擺盪的十六分音符音型相互輝映,成為本樂章中途出現的抒情與溫暖瞬間。第 三樂章為極為快速的詼諧曲樂章,樂章長度較短,演奏速度相當快。部份學者深信,其中作為對比 的緩板木管主題的陰鬱色彩來自芬蘭過去受俄國統治的記憶。第三樂章由「快-慢-快-慢」四個 對比樂段組成的結構,顯得別出心裁,隨後以不間斷方式直接進入寬廣且澎湃的第四樂章。末二樂 章不間斷的銜接方式,還有第四樂章開始處即已出現的三短一長節奏,不禁令人聯想到貝多芬第五 交響曲著名的典範前例。第一主題(3/2拍子、D大調)包含七個二分音符,從啟始到曲末再現的 過程中逐漸開展英雄氣勢的雄壯聲響,其中包含二組級進上行的三音動機,與第三樂章相互串連呼 應;其中穿插的對比性第二主題暫時轉入D小調,略顯芬蘭式的陰鬱厚實色彩,還帶著教會聖歌似 的莊重,根據記載是西貝流士妻子的姐妹(Elli Järnefelt)自殺造成的印象。 古典四樂章結構,浪漫主義的豐富樂音層次與迷人的抒情主題,此曲令人回味無窮。然而在此之 後,西貝流士第三交響曲即將走上完全不同的道路──精簡、凝聚,成為他在交響曲創作進程的重 大轉捩點。

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Jean Sibelius: Night Ride and Sunrise, Op. 55 Sibelius completed Night Ride and Sunrise in November 1908. The more obvious inspiration might be thought to have come from a ride he took in a horse-drawn sledge, driving from Helsinki to Kervo, and experiencing the sight of the sunrise. To others he claimed that the idea for the work had come to him when he was at the Colosseum in Rome, and no doubt both reflect feelings that came together in his symphonic poem. The work falls broadly into two sections, with the sound of the horses' hooves heard after the opening discords, growing in intensity, with their insistent rhythm. The pounding hooves become quieter, the strings playing sul ponticello, before a second thematic element is introduced by flute and oboe, above the continuing iambic rhythm. A more introspective Moderato assai is marked by the appearance in the lower register of violins, with the violas, of a characteristic figure, a section leading finally to a Largamente transition and the brief suggestion of birdsong, heralding the dawn and with a hymn-like passage for bassoons and horns, soon joined by the other woodwind instruments. The music continues in its suggestion of a Nordic sunrise, in a language that is immediately identifiable as that of Sibelius. © 2014 Naxos Digital Services Ltd

Qigang Chen: Reflet d’un temps disparu, Op. 55 By Yen-Chiang Che Born in the year of 1951, composer Qigang Chen comes from a family of artists in Shanghai, China. Reflet d’un temps disparu is one of Chen’s most frequently performed works. Written for solo cello and orchestra and commissioned by Radio France, Reflet was composed in 1995. It was premiered on 23 April, 1998 at the Théâtre des Champs-Elysées (Paris), by the renowned cellist Yo-Yo Ma (solo cello) and the Orchestre National de France, under the baton of Charles Dutoit. Its duration is approximately twenty-five minutes. Unlike most 20th-century music, which tends to be innovative, rational, yet detached and academic, Reflet incorporates Three Variations on the Plume Blossom, a famous ancient Chinese tune of guqin (or zither, an ancient Chinese instrument). Presented in harmonics, the melody of Three Variations serves as the main theme of Reflet and recurs throughout the work. The solo cello opens the work with this theme: accompanied by flutes and oboes, the solo cello conveys an aura of remoteness. The theme is then presented in the form of theme and variation, leading to the climax of the work. The threefold presentation of the theme resonates with the literary meaning of Three Variations on the Plum Blossom. With this ancient Chinese tune, Chen conveys his longing and nostalgia for a bygone era of beauty, nature, peace, and an age of innocence. According to Chen, Reflet refers to the most beautiful era in one’s life such as his childhood, first love, first vocation, etc. That this era comes to pass

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is only natural; its spirit lies in the harmony that exists between men and nature. Chen deftly combines two different cultures in this work: the grace and subtlety of ancient Chinese music and the energetic pulsation of modern Western art music. Chen juxtaposes various tonalities, while softening the dissonance between them, and enhances the tension and momentum generated from the timbral variety and thematic development. The work concludes with the solo cello’s harmonics, which adds some notes of dissonance to the gradually fading theme, leaving behind a sense of endless regret and deep contemplation. A later arrangement of Reflet for solo erhu and orchestra is also available. Commissioned by the Orchestre Symphonique de Montréal (Canada), an erhu concerto based on Reflet was created. This arrangement was commisioned by the Orchestre Symphonique de Montréal (Canada), who premiered the work on 23 April 2002, with Xiang-Hua Ma as the erhu soloist. (Translated by Feng-Shu Lee)

Robert Schumann: Cello Concerto, Op. 129, A minor Schumann wrote his Cello Concerto in 1850, describing it in his own list of compositions as a Konzerlstück it came, therefore, during the first period of his appointment in Düsseldorf, at the time of composition of his Third Symphony, the Rhenish. He already had some knowledge of the cello, having played it in the 1830, when he was forced to turn his attention away from the piano, at least as a professional performer. The lower register of the cello poses certain problems to composers, since it may all too easily be obscured by the orchestra. This is avoided by Schumann’s scoring, which, nevertheless, has been criticized, leading some to re-orchestrate the concerto in ways that are often interesting, if idiosyncratic. Woodwind chords, with pizzicato strings, open the concerto, the soloist entering after a brief accompanying figure in the violins. The strongly romantic first theme is proclaimed by the cello, which continues in prominence until the first orchestral tutti, answered by a further solo The rhapsodic material is developed, the solo theme re-appearing in F sharp minor before the recapitulation in the original key, with the secondary theme now in the tonic major. There is an expressive F major slow movement and brief reminiscences of the principal themes of both movements before the launching of the finale, with arpeggios that form part of the cello theme, the basis of the movement, which leads to an accompanied cadenza and an emphatic conclusion. © 2013 Naxos Digital Services Ltd

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Jean Sibelius: Symphony No. 2 The year 1900 brought Sibelius an opportunity for wider contact with the world outside Finland, with a tour by the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, ending with concerts at the Paris Exhibition. In the same year he found a patron in the dilettante Axel Carpelan, a man who, while lacking extensive resources himself, was able to persuade money from others and was liberal in his advice. Carpelan recommended a visit to Italy and provided enough money to make this a possibility for Sibelius, his patient wife and his children. Time was spent in Berlin on the way south, but it was in Italy that the first sketches were made of Symphony No. 2, including the principal theme of the second movement, which occurred to him in connection with the story of Don Juan and the idea suggested by the garden of the villa in Rapallo. In Florence he sketched the second idea for the Andante of the new symphony, writing above it the word Christus, and his thoughts now turned to a work based on Dante's Divina commedia. In Finland once more Sibelius was able to work seriously on his new symphony, which he completed early in 1902 and conducted at a series of concerts in Helsinki in March. Audiences in Finland, where feelings of nationalism now ran high, were eager to find a patriotic statement of protest in the work, a programme that later writers have sometimes chosen to impose on the music. The first movement seems to move from the northern mists of Finland to a sunnier world, and critics have noted the pastoral atmosphere apparent here and in the trio of the third movement, with their pattern of repeated notes. The Andante, in origin at least, suggests Don Juan's mysterious guest, Death, and his defeat by Christ, and the scherzo adds a movement of busy turbulence, with a repetition of the trio, with its pastoral oboe melody. This leads directly into the grandiose principal theme of the heroic finale, darkened by the Finnish second theme and its sinister accompanying figure. Š 2014 Naxos Digital Services Ltd

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國家交響樂團

音樂總監 桂冠指揮

呂紹嘉 根特‧赫比希

助理指揮 樂團首席 樂團副首席

張尹芳 吳庭毓 李宜錦 鄧皓敦

第一小提琴

○ 陳逸群 郭昱麟 林基弘 梁坤豪 陳逸農

卓曉青 方俊人 黃佳頎 李庭芳 賴佳奇

林孟穎 李家豪 曾智弘

第二小提琴

● 陳怡茹 ◎ 孫正玫 吳怡慧 李京熹 黃衍繹

顧慈美 于爾恩 康信榮 李梅箋 鍾仁甫

蔡孟峰 洪章文 陳偉泓 王致翔

中 提 琴

● 黃瑞儀 ◎ 鄧啟全 ○ 呂昭瑩 黃雅琪 李靖宜

謝君玲 劉國蘭▓ 呂孟珊 李思琪 陳猶白

蔡秉璋 吳彥廷 ▲ 袁繹晴

大 提 琴

● 熊士蘭 ◎ 連亦先 ○ 韋智盈 呂明美 周幼雯

陳怡婷 林宜女閒 黃日昇 蘇酩惠 唐鶯綺

低 音 提 琴

● 傅永和 ◎ 蘇億容 ○ 周春祥 王淑瑜 黃筱清

王淑宜 連珮致 蔡歆婕

長 笛

● 安德石 ◎ 宮崎千佳 李 浚

短 笛

鐘美川

雙 簧 管

● 王怡靜 ◎ 阮黃松 楊舒婷

英 國 管

李明怡

單 簧 管

● 朱玫玲 ◎ 張凱婷 朱偉誼 孫正茸

低 音 管

● 簡凱玉 ◎ 陳奕秀 高靈風

倍 低 音 管

簡恩義

法 國 號

● 劉宜欣 ○ 黃任賢 國田朋宏 王婉如 曹予勉

▲ 程筑卿

小 號

● 宇新樂 ◎ 陳長伯 張景民 鄒儒吉

長 號

● 宋光清 ◎ 邵恆發 陳中昇

低音長號

彭曉昀

低 音 號

● 宮西純

定 音 鼓

● 連雅文 ◎ 陳廷銓

打 擊 樂

● 陳哲輝 陳振馨 楊璧慈

豎 琴

● 解 瑄

鍵 盤

▲ 許毓婷

執行長

邱 瑗

企劃演出經理 整銷推廣經理

杜佳舫▓ 王承禹

音樂總監執行祕書 黃毓棻 企劃演出 企劃專員 行政助理 舞台監督 助理舞監 人事組長 譜務專員 行政專員

吳孟珊 賴盈帆 賴曉俐 鍾宇揚 陳世傑▓ 陳玠維 高冠勳 林碧珠 高婉瑜 溫慧雯

整銷推廣 公關整銷專員 行銷專員

陳卜湄 林欣儀 鄭巧琪 王思懿 曾柏雄 郭玲孜

音樂諮詢 法律顧問

焦元溥 林信和

錄音製作

✽NSO 樂團學苑 名錄 指 揮 張尹芳 小 提 琴 王心妤 余琬婷 吳宛蓁 吳庭芳 呂 昉 張暐姍 梁 艷 陳又寧 楊晏如 廖元宏 潘俊蓁 鄭囿蓉 藍胤萱 中 提 琴 陳映蓁 劉詩珊 蔡享享 賴昱如 羅培菁 大 提 琴 王甯嫻 呂函涓 李 茜 低音提琴 伏 芯 游婉婷 長 笛 吳媖蕎 陳瀅涵 雙 簧 管 李立品 單 簧 管 李昱柔 李璧任 低 音 管 陳芊彣 溫家琪 法 國 號 陳冠余 小 號 江帛軒 黃書啟 長 號 毛介中 李季鴻 羅文宏 低 音 號 潘 將 打 擊 樂 林君庭 張瑜蓁 莊穎臻 陳又誠 豎 琴 林玉婷 (按筆劃排序)

●首席 ◎副首席 ○助理首席 ▓留職停薪 ▲樂季合約人員 劃底線者為本場協演人員

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National Symphony Orchestra

Music Director SHAO-CHIA LÜ Conductor Laureate GÜNTHER HERBIG Assistant Conductor YIN-FANG CHANG

Executive Director

JOYCE CHIOU

Manager, Planning & Production Manager, Marketing & Development

SARAH TU ■ PAUL WANG

Secretary of Music Director

YUFEN HUANG

Planning & Production

Programme Coordinator Administration Assistant Stage Manager Assistant Stage Manager Assistant Manager, Personnel Librarian Administrator

Concertmaster TING-YU WU I-CHING LI Associate Concertmaster HAO-TUN TENG

MENG-SHAN WU YING-FAN LAI LIZI LAI YU-YANG CHUNG SHIH-CHIEH CHEN ■ CHIEH-WEI CHEN KUAN-HSUN KAO BIBI LIN BRITTNEY KAO HUI-WEN WEN

Marketing & Development PR & Project Coordinator Marketing Coordinator

PU-MEI CHEN EILEEN LIN CHIAU-CHI CHENG SANDY WANG PO-HSIUNG TSENG KATHERINE KUO

Concert Dramaturgist Legal Consultant

YUAN-PU CHIAO HSIN-HO LIN

Recording Partnership

FIRST VIOLIN

VIOLA

DOUBLE BASS

CLARINET

TROMBONE

○ Yi-Chun

● Grace

Huang ◎ Chi-Chuan Teng ○ Chao-Ying Lu Yea-Chyi Hwang Jing-Yi Lee Juin-Ling Shieh Guo-Lan Liu ■ Meng-San Lu Szu-Chi Li Jubel Chen Ping-Chang Tsai Yen-Ting Wu ▲Yi-Ching Yuan

● Yung-Ho

● May-Lin

● Kuang-Ching

Chen Yu-Lin Kuo Ji-Hung Lin Kun-Hao Liang Yee-Nong Chen Hsiao-Ching Cho Cecilia Fang Jiachi Huang Ting-Fang Lee Chia-Chi Lai Meng-Ying Lin Chia-Hao Lee Chih-Hong Tseng

Fu ◎ Yi-Jung Su ○ Chun-Shiang Chou Su-Yu Wang Hsiao-Ching Huang Shu-Yi Wang Pei-Chih Lien Hsin-Chieh Tsai

Ju ◎ Kai-Ting Chang Wei-I Chu Cheng-Jung Sun

Sung Shiu Chung-Sheng Chen

◎ Hang-Fat

BASS TROMBONE BASSOON

Hsiao-Yun Peng

● Kai-Yu

Jian ◎ I-Hsiu Chen Ling-Feng Kao

TUBA

Norell Miyazaki Chuin Lee

CONTRABASSOON

TIMPANI

CELLO

PICCOLO

HORN

PERCUSSION

● Lana

Mei-Chuan Chung

● Yi-Hsin

● Jer-Huei

● Jun

Miyanishi

FLUTE ● Anders ◎ Chika

En-Yi Chien

● Ya-Wen

Lien

◎ Ting-Chuan

Chen

SECOND VIOLIN ● Yi-Ju

Chen

◎ Cheng-Mei

Sun

I-Hui Wu Ching-Hsi Lee Yen-Yi Huang Tsu-Mei Ku ErAn Yu Hsin-Jung Kang Mei-Jain Li Jen-Fu Chung Meng-Fong Tsai Chang-Wen Hung Wei-Hong Chen Chih-Hsiang Wang

●Principal ◎Associate

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Hsiung ◎ Yi-Shien Lien ○ Chih-Yin Wei Ming-Meei Lieu Yu-Wen Chou I-Ting Chen Yi-Hsien Lin Jih-Sheng Huang Ming-Huei Su Ying-Chi Tang

Principal

○Assistant

Principal

OBOE ● I-Ching

Wang Nguyen Hoang Shu-Ting Yang

◎ Tung

Cindy Liu ○ Jen-Hsien Huang Tomohiro Kunita Wan-Ju Wang Yu-Mien Tsao ▲Chu-Ching Cheng

Chen Chen-Hsing Chen Pi-Tzu Yang

HARP ● Shuen

Chieh

ENGLISH HORN

TRUMPET

KEYBOARD

Ming-I Lee

● Nicolas

▲ Yu-Ting

■On

Rusillon ◎ Chang-Po Chen Ching-Min Chang Loo-Kit Chong

Leave ▲Season Contracted Musicians Auxiliary

Hsu


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