October 2012 — Issue #29 by Northwest Leaf / Oregon Leaf / Alaska Leaf / Maryland Leaf / California Leaf / Northeast Leaf

NORTHWEST LEAF THE PATIENT’S VOICE

FREE

October 2012 Issue #28

INSIDE

-WHAT WILL THE DEA DO? -whidbey island access -trouble in tulalip

>>>thenorthwestleaf.com

NORTHWEST LEAF

contents

oct. 2012 WWW.THENORTHWESTLEAF.COM Nwleaf@gmail.com LIKE US AT Facebook.com/nwleaf

REHASHED PROFILE

There’s a bully in town. The Drug Enforcement Administration sent out more than two dozen warning letters last

month, telling businesses that pay sales tax and contribute to their communities in myriad ways, that they had to shut down or risk losing their property to the feds. See how some in Seattle voiced their disgust. Photo by Nick Adams.

CANNABIS NEWS 10 NATIONAL The headlines from around the country

in tulalip 38 trouble An authorized patient’s struggle

about the dea 18 Talking Cannabis Attorney Hilary Bricken

edibles to try 47 New A surprising twist on chili sauce

island access 20 whidbey Finding freedom in Freeland, finally

new product 48 cool, This is no average water pipe

joint origami 22 making Taking the roll to a whole new level

rose’s column 60 Dr. Recreation versus necessity

dea rally seattle......13 HIGH TIMES CUP............14 romney quoted........17 Cash hyde ..............24 TASTY RECIPES...........45 edible reviews..........47 the device................48 concentrates.......50 growtech...........56 doctor rose............60 behind the strain...62 COVER & CONTENTS PHOTOs

Daniel Berman/Northwest Leaf

octobeR 2012 LIKE US AT Facebook.com/nwleaf

to advertise in or display us call Wes abney 206.235.6721 or email nwleaf@gmail.com

editor’s note To our readers, Thanks for picking up the 28th issue of Northwest Leaf! Enjoying the early days of fall with a local medical strain is a wonderful way to ring in the Autumn. But as easily as that strain is smoked, it can disappear from access. The last four years have seen more DEA action against medical Cannabis than the previous decade, making the situation even more troublesome for those operating in the “gray area” that is state law. Following the main wave of DEA letters in Western Washington has been a tidal wave of misinformation, fear, and a single, looming question.

the truth about the plant you thought you knew, every issue.

What’s coming next? Will there be more letters? What do we do?

photographer & designer

As cliché as it sounds, the patients and MMJ community must “keep on keepin’ on.” The day we lose momentum is the day we lose this fight. Until prohibition of Cannabis ends, there will be hard times for medical Cannabis. But there is also the hope that sustains us, the belief that all Americans deserve access to this wonderful and natural plant. As we enter this period of harvest, we should all be thankful for safe access and those who work tirelessly to provide it. Washington still sustains more than 100 collectives and a patient base in excess of 100,000 individuals. We are stronger than ever.

Daniel Berman

Don’t forget to vote, and especially remember No on I-502.

founder & editor-in-chief

Wes Abney

issue contributors Nick adams kirk ericso n Ray Flores Bob montoya Dr. Scanderson DR. SCOTT D. ROSE

If you have questions, comments, or even critiques we look forward to hearing from you. Please feel free to reach out at facebook.com/nwleaf or email us at nwleaf@gmail.com. -Wes Abney // Founder & Editor

DEPT. OF CORRECTIONS: A Sept. 2012 article on the grow pest Phylloxera incorrectly stated that the root aphid originated in France. It actually started on the East Coast.

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THC LEVELS PERSIST in heavy cannabis users — Karschner www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19804462

OPINION

THE UNSAVORY TRUTH ABOUT COPS AND I-502

it’s not legalization and it wouldn’t look pretty.

eattle Police have not had a good last few years. Let’s face it. Public confidence in the department is low while arrests with apparent use of excess force are becoming more common. We’re concerned as medical Cannabis patients in a demographic of people, 18-25, that is routinely harassed and mistreated by peace officers. Examples of this are flagrant and many, yet all too often pushed aside for more “important news.” Imagine the discretion that I-502 gives to officers. Marijuana will be “kinda legal,” with penalties both swift and harsh for those deemed using outside the law. What even is this law? Imagine being a young man or woman between the age of 16 and 20 and getting a zero tolerance possession charge. Where they would have been released for a decriminalized substance before I-502, they will now be at the mercy of SPD. Think of the news headlines when a local teacher or doctor is raided by SWAT for the home cultivation of a “legal plant.” All the baby boomers that signed the misleading initiative believe that legalization includes the right to grow the plant themselves. Wrong! Instead, criminal charges and a raid team await those that want to supply their own recreational marijuana. But the misconduct touches all citizens from every walk of life. What about an individual profiled by an officer for how they look, pulled over and having their blood

Medical marijuana patients would likely never test low enough to legally drive.

drawn without consent for a substance that is supposed to be legal. A pot DUID will cost roughly the same as an alcohol DUI, which sets back the average defendant $5,000. Sounds ludicrous considering there’s zero scientific basis for the 5 nanogram DUID limit attached to I-502. No one is arguing for driving while impaired, but that figure, that nanogram limit, is not based in science. Medical marijuana patients, those likely to have the highest levels, would likely never test low enough to legally drive. And who would be enforcing that under I-502? Seattle Police. They have made national news consistently for the past several years as the claims pile up. The videos, now long viral online, include when an officer pushed an unarmed man into a wall after a witness misidentified him in a bar fight. Christopher Harris was innocent and now lies paralyzed, unable to even speak. We still don’t know what really occured.

By northwest leaf staff

On September 14th a judge found the SPD guilty of purposely withholding evidence in the case, bringing another $300,000 fine atop the 10 million dollars already paid to his family. This money comes from the state tax dollars, as peace officers salaries and budgets are paid for by the people. The Constitution does not protect police officers from prosecution for breaking the laws they enforce. Ahem, I mean peace officer. As in officer of peace, though the title often seems laughable. Considering SPD racked up $220,000 in federal fines as of November last year for practices including failure to disclose records regarding police abuses, they should look into that whole protect and serve thing. Ultimately, abuse is inevitable if I-502 passes. Combine an aggressive police force with an enforcement loophole and you have a recipe for disaster. Does anyone really deserve to be subjected to SPD under I-502? Vote No on I-502, and protect both patient and citizen’s rights. It’s not right for medical marijuana and it’s just not legalization.

Just imagine the headlines when a teacher or doctor is raided by SWAT for the home cultivation of a “legal plant.” OCT. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

NATIONAL Cancer patient fired by walmart for mmj use loses court appeal

infamous checkpoint strikes again >> Singer Fiona Apple is latest victim of overzealous Texas Border Patrol

ould it be that the very same drug dogs that caught Willie Nelson, Snoop Dogg and other musical marijuana moguls in possession have managed to bust another celebrity? It was likely at the paws of another drugsniffing pooch, but the eccentric singer-songwriter Fiona Apple was busted last month on her way to perform in Houston by agents at the well-known West Texas Border Patrol checkpoint in Sierra Blanca. According to police reports, agents located about four grams of dried cannabis, and four grams of hash, in a glass jar inside Apple’s

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backpack. Apple “had a little tiny amount of pot and hash,” said Hudspeth County Sheriff ’s Office Spokesman Rusty Fleming. The Texas Controlled Substances Act makes the marijuana possession a misdemeanor,but having the hashish is a felony, according to ABC News. Apple spent the night in jail Sept. 20 and was released the next day on $10,000 bail. Apple just released a 23-wordlong album entitled “The Idler Wheel Is Wiser Than the Driver of the Screw and Whipping Cords Will Serve You More Than Ropes Will Ever Do.”

STORIES BY NORTHWEST LEAF STAFF

he Michigan Court of Appeals does not have a soul. This much is clear after it denied Joseph Casias’ appeal, and said that “Michigan law doesn’t stop employers from firing people who use medical marijuana.” Casias was fired in 2009 from his inventory management position at a Walmart in Battle Creek, MI. The married father of two tested positive for marijuana after a random drug test. Casias, according to the Associated Press, uses medical marijuana symptoms related to his inoperable brain tumor and cancer. Though his cancer has been in remission for a few years, he still suffers from considerable pain, and has difficulty speaking. He became authorized to use MMJ in 2008. “No patient should be forced to choose between adequate pain relief and gainful employment, and no employer should be allowed to intrude upon private medical choices made by employees in consultation with their doctors,” said Scott Michelman, a staff attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, in 2010. “I came to Walmart for a better opportunity for my family, and I worked hard and proved myself. I just want the opportunity to continue my work,” Casias said. Walmart said that “the doctor prescribed treatment was not the relevant issue. The issue is about the ability of our associates to do their jobs safely.” ACLU reps said Casias complied with “all applicable state laws and never once smoked marijuana at work or came to work under its influence.” Meanwhile, it is still perfectly legal for someone to take their prescribed painkillers and come to work.

Oregon loses access

atients in the rural areas of Eastern and Southern Oregon now face considerable challenge in obtaining their medical marijuana. That’s after federal agents raided the High Hopes Farm in Eastern Oregon’s Jackson County late last month and Oregon and Idaho authorities shut down the 45th Parallel marijuana cooperative. High Hopes Farm owner James Bowman said he grew marijuana for as many as 200 people authorized under state law to possess and grow it. No word on whether the state will continue to ignore the will of its residents. We hope that Oregon returns to its roots.

Quick Hits!

18 51 10

Age requirement of Connecticut’s new medical marijuana law, which goes into effect October 1, 2012, news reports say. Approval rating percentage for Colorado’s cannabis legalization initiative, while an estimated 40 percent oppose the measure.

Number of grams or less of marijuana that would result in an infraction, rather than a misdemeanor, in Indiana under proposed legislation. Possession of more than 30 grams would remain a felony charge, according to the Courier Journal.

cannabis compound helps with cancer >> California researchers are looking into how CBD’s might help with aggressive cancer cells

e already know that marijuana is great for easing nausea, stress, tension and so many other negative aspects of pain — but one particular compound, Cannabidiol, or CBD, may help in fighting cancer, researchers now believe. In Cannabis, it’s the THC molecules that are the psychoactive portion of the plant — that’s the part that gives the so-called “high.” The CBD molecules are better known for helping with pain and reducing inflammation. Two scientists at California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute in San Francisco performed studies on how CBDs might reduce the “aggressiveness of human breast cancer cells in the lab,” the San Francisco Chronicle reported last month. The scientists published a small study that showed similar effects on mice; data from their study of CBD reducing the cancer in animal will be released shortly. It’s very possible that the scientists will be

able to move on to research the molecule’s effectiveness in human clinical trials within the near future. “The preclinical trial data is very strong, and there’s no toxicity. There’s really a lot of research to move ahead with and to get people excited,” said Sean McAllister, one of the scientists involved. He’s working with another researcher, Pierre Desprez. The pair got involved working together after McAllister was researching how anabolic steroids influence drug abuse and Desprez was looking into how a protein called ID-1 played a role in how cancer spreads. “In the wake of their positive results, the doctors were forced to emphasize that the CBD will only work in the presence of high levels of ID-1 and these do not include all cancerous tumors but, rather, aggressive, metastatic cells. High levels have been found in leukemia, colorectal, pancreatic, lung, ovarian, brain and other cancers,” the Chronicle reported.

Quoted

“

arijuana just got a tribute album. 90s Hip Hop icons Bone Thugsn-Harmony have released for the first time a 12-song CD dedicated solely to marijuana. With songs like Smoking Lovely, Fried Day, Blaze It Up and The Weed Song, we imagine there is a lot to like. The CD release was mired in record company red tape for several years, though it was recently made available on iTunes and online. Robotic Empire Records handled the deal. To hear a medley of bits and pieces from the new album, visit http:// soundcloud.com/roboticempire/bonethugs-medley.

This is just the latest example of government officials skewing information about marijuana and deceiving the public in order to maintain the wasteful policy of marijuana prohibition. -Mason Tvert, co-director, Campaign to Regulate Marijuana Like Alcohol, describing how Colorado Legislative officials “accidentally” deleted numerous lines of text from the “For” portion of the voter’s guide o the state’s marijuana legalization measure. An appeal was dismissed.

rehashed Thursday Sept. 21, 2012

PHOTOS BY NICK ADAMS FOR NORTHWEST LEAF

WHAT BROUGHT YOU HERE? “The people of Washington voted for safe use of medical marijuana, I wish the federal government would respect the wishes of the voters.”

-Chris White

“The DEA is closing down safe access points, we are following state law. I’m not going to go to a back alley

to get my medicine.”

dea ‘‘

-Mark, a patient for 3.5 years treating chronic neuropathy “My collective was shut down over school zoning laws.”

-Chris, a patient for 1.5 years

GO AWAY!”

On the steps of the Seattle Federal Courthouse, about 100 activists gathered in the chant above, calling for the end of DEA-lead raids and closure letters sent to more than 20 medical marijuana access points.

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rehashed

Sept. 14-16, 2012

the first-ever seattle high times cannabis cup was a chance for industry folk to share their knowledge and compete for top honors in a range of categories as patients sampled new strains and innovative gadgetry PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN

HIGH TIMES @ FREMONT STUDIOS

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BEST INDICA 1 – William’s Wonder, Greenside Medical 2 – True OG, Only The Best 3 – Jenke’s Kush, Top Shelf Medicine

BEST SATIVA 1 – Super Lemon Haze, Fweedom Collective 2 – Supernatural, Exotic Genetix 3 – Panama Red, Delta 9 Seattle

BEST HYBRID 1 – Cactus, Dockside Co-Op 2 – Uncle Jim, Camo Collective 3 – TJ’s MTF, Left Coast Cannabis

BEST CONCENTRATE 1 – Space Queen Budder, Healing Space Gardens 2 – Blues City Diesel, Tacoma Cross / Chuckle Brush Gardens 3 – Dutch Treat BHO Wax, A Greener Today

BEST HASH Bubba Blend Bubble Hash from A Greener Today

CBD AWARD 1 – Harlequin N-Tane Oil from Fweedom Collective 2 – Canna Cap’s Cana-Cups from Seattle Cross 3 – New York City Diesel from Cannatonics Society

BEST EDIBLE 1 – Captain Kirk’s Treasure Chest from Top Shelf Medicine 2 – Glory-Oh! From Green Ambrosia 3 – Ettalew’s Organic Vegan Fair Trade Dark Chocolate & Blueberry Truffle from Greenside Medical

BEST NON-EDIBLE MEDICALLY INFUSED PRODUCT Healing Cannabis Care Kit from Kush Creams

BEST GLASS 1 – Pulse Glass 2 – Sweet Tooth Glass 3 – Liberty Glass

BEST PRODUCT 1 – VapeXhale 2 – Incredibowl 3 – Trippy Stix

BEST BOOTH 1 – Pulse Glass 2 – Cannatonics Society / Kush Creams 3 – Medical Marijuana Patients Network

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QUOTED mITT roMNEY’S perspective on medical marijuana is the only thing HE’S WILLING TO STICK TO

How He Really Feels.

“

”

If you elect me president you will not see legalized marijuana. I will fight it tooth and nail.”

“Aren’t there issues of significance you’d like to talk about? The economy? The growth of jobs? The need to put people back to work? I believe it’s a gateway drug to other drug violations. “We’ve got enormous

issues that we face, but you want TO talk about, go ahead, you want to talk about marijuana?”

-TOWNHALL, NEW HAMPSHIRE, JULY 2012

-sPEAKING TO A REPORTER IN DENVER, MAY 2012

Q: Are you in favor of arresting medical marijuana patients? A: I’m in favor of having the law not allow legal (aka medical) marijuana.

“

-question from medical marijuana patient in wheelchair in 2007 as Utah gov.

“I will not legalize marijuana for medical purposes and the reasons are straightforward. As I talk to people in my state and at the federal level about marijuana and role in society they are convinced its the entry way into drug culture. The idea is that medical marijuana is designed to get marijuana out into public marketplace and will ultimately lead to the legalization of marijuana overall… And in my view that is the wrong way to go.” -TOWNHALL, NEW HAMPSHIRE, JULY 2012

image by flickr/donkeyhotey

“

“Those people I told you -- the 5 to 6 or 7 percent

“I tasted a beer and tried a cigarette once, as a wayward teenager, and never did it again.”

that we have to bring onto our side -- they all voted for Barack Obama four years ago. ”

-candid fundraiser talks Mother jones video, sept. 2012

-pEOPLE mAGAZINE INTERVIEW, nOVEMBER 2011

compiled by northwest leaf staff

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STAYING LEGAL BY WES ABNEY | PHOTO BY DANIEL BERMAN

Where do we go from here?

Talking with Cannabis attorney Hilary Bricken on the DEA letters, zoning for Cannabis access points and what Tacoma’s new ordinance could mean

LEAF:

What do you think prompted the DEA to send out closure letters in Western Washington?

HB:

Before the letters were issued I saw a count that showed more access points in Seattle than Starbucks. On a DEA level that’s unacceptable. We also knew this was a possibility. If this is happening in Colorado, a state with much tighter regulations and controls on the Cannabis industry, it shouldn’t be a surprise that Seattle would be a target without any real regulation.

LEAF: Can one fight this? What do you do? HB: The short answer is no. These letters normally don’t even go

to the occupant [access point]. They go to the landlord/property owner. You have to put yourself in the shoes of the property owner. They face federal forfeiture of their property, and it can happen so quickly it’s unbelievable.

LEAF:

So the Government can take away their property simply because of Cannabis? That’s ridiculous. Can the access points move?

HB: Moving will never neutralize the federal threat. It’s a bigger

risk to move and reopen because they’re already on the fed’s radar. For some places, moving and reopening could be a death sentence. If they are in compliance with state law, and zoned properly, they will become less of an enforcement priority.

LEAF: But what exactly does “zoned properly” mean? Some places were too close to schools and

didn’t get one; another place was next door to a strip club and other adult bars/stores, and got one even though those are zoned. Another was shut down for its proximity to the Interurban Trail, a walking and bike path. Where is the line for access points?

HB: We have a strict in-house policy requiring a 1,000

foot buffer from all schools. I think that Jenny Durkan [WA US Attorney] has made it clear that medical Cannabis should not be near school zones and kids. But how do you interpret a school area? To call the trail a school area is ridiculous and arbitrary.

LEAF: Does this mean the fed’s can make up any reason they want to shut you down?

HB: Yes, but the big question is why only some access points now? Is it because they can’t shut down everyone at once? Or does it mean that they truly only want Cannabis out of school zones?

LEAF: What is your best advice then? HB:

My first line of advice is always “know your enemy.” Read the Controlled Substances Act. And make state law compliance your #1 priority. From there, be prepared to let it go or face federal charges.

LEAF: Do you anticipate more letters?

HB: I would anticipate more, but I don’t know. I wish I knew how the DEA thought. LEAF: On a local level, Tacoma has issued a new nuisance ordinance that has had a big impact on the city’s access points. What does this mean for patients and access there? HB: Tacoma is a totally different animal than anything we have seen. Under a nuisance ordinance, the law is very discretionary and based on who is being annoyed, by what and with what frequency. It is very discretionary as to how it could be enforced. There are two main issues to the ordinance that have left everyone in suspense: 1) Tacoma has not issued an enforcement policy for the ordinance and 2) We don’t know how they will enforce - either civilly or criminally. Until the policy is delivered it’s on a wait and watch schedule. LEAF: What can patients do to show their support and get involved in the fight? HB: They should pay attention to local city councils

and zoning. People live in this state for a reason, vote for a reason. So they need to participate and show up, and get local officials to represent us. Something will break for Cannabis, it just has to be the right way.

Hilary Bricken graduated in 2010 from University of Miami School of Law, then moved to the great Pacific Northwest, where she operates Canna Law Group under Harris & Moure in downtown Seattle. The Canna Law Group provides counsel for the medical Cannabis industry and medical Cannabis patients. Visit www.cannabislawseattle.com

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ACCESS

after a long fight, Whidbey island gets its 1st access point BY WES ABNEY PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN

freedom in freeland. finally.

island alternative medicine 5565 Vanbarr Place Unit F Freeland, WA 98249 (360) 331-2898 Open Tues-Sat 10a-7p Islandalternative.com

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ast February, Lucas Jushinski stood before the Langley City Council and said “I want to set the bar high... I want to show the community respect and that I belong here.” With full transparency and a true non-profit model, Lucas’s pleas fell on deaf ears within the city of Langley. The city wasn’t going to allow an access point. After months of planning and hard work his plan to open seemed doomed. For many the loss would have been the end of the line. But not for Lucas. Island Alternative Medicine opened on June 1, 2012, the first access point on Whidbey Island. “It’s felt really good to be open. I see the response from the community and it’s positive,” Lucas said. “We feel good here, to serve the patients.” IAM is the abbreviation used on the business logo, but it goes beyond the name to have a deeper meaning. It’s a message that Lucas has placed on his heart, and one carried by each of his fellow patients.

“It’s the belief that ‘I am alternative medicine.” he explained. “That’s why I like this. It’s helping patients who really need this medicine for their ailments.” Lucas served eight years in the Navy as a combat corpsman. As a front lines medic, he dealt with life and death on a constant basis. “When I was in Iraq, I was on the ground with the grunts. I was 24 years old and the first and only option for a soldier shot or hit,” he said in an interview with this magazine last February. “I was always on the front line... it was like being on-call in hell.” Now serving different types of patients, Lucas has transitioned smoothly to a new type of healing and treatment. “It’s mostly listening,” he said. “I’ve learned how to listen, how to ask the right questions, and how to look at the patients needs.” In addition to the top-shelf local MMJ, Lucas said Island Alternative

also works with a local chiropractor, massage therapist and a store called Living Green, which sells organic foods and natural medicines. This is all to promote an overall healthful lifestyle that coincides well with the use of medical Cannabis. “We really believe in treating the whole person,” he explained. “And we’ve been growing based off the patient’s needs.”

nside the first medicine room (the second is under construction) patients will find 15 to 20 strains on average, all ranging from $10 to $15 donations. Everything is tested, and almost all the strains are locally cultivated. “There’s truly a ton of great medicine grown on island,” Lucas said. “The hard part is keeping enough in for patients.” Among the local strains the

“We really believe in treating the whole person,” Lucas explained. “And we’ve been growing based off the patient’s needs.” Purple Dream is an excellent choice for a functional Indica. Tested at 13.41% THC and .25% CBD, the high is pretty clear while mitigating pain well. It has a deep musky smell and mid density fluffy nugs just waiting to be snapped. Although the name is a little peculiar, the Ogre is a strain that tested at 20.05 percent THC and .13 percent CBD. It has smaller, tighter nugs that have a salty maple smell that is very expansive when smoked. This high THC strain is

effective for times of relaxation and usae at the end of the day after work. IAM also has a large selection of medibles, bubble hash/concentrates and some cool local glass.

edibles include ice cream, butter for cooking and several types of bread loaves. For topicals, patients can pick from a variety by Natures Blessing.

Lucas and his staff have worked hard to bring quality products and access to their patients, and the collective is growing well. Patients living on the island no longer have to risk invasive police dogs for a ferry ride just to get their medicine. “The patients have been happy. Everyone really appreciates not having to go off island.”

Visit issuu.com/nwleaf/docs/ march2012 to read about Lucas’s Langley challenge.

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PROFILE

BY WES ABNEY | PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN

smokeable art >> How do you make joint origami? Our friend Rick spills the details

lmost everyone remembers the first joint they rolled. Not smoked, rolled. Terribly. Stems sticking out, extra papers slathered in saliva and slapped onto the sides until the half gram of chronic was tucked inside a veritable cocoon of papers. For anyone out there who may still be struggling with bad joint syndrome, let this man be an inspiration to you. Rick, aka Tony Green Hand, is the creator and roller of more than 50 varieties of joints — but it didn’t happen overnight. In fact, it took a lot of practice just to get the basic

J down, he said. “I’ve always loved J’s, but I used to be a bad roller. Like bad. So one day I sat down and started practicing rolling,” he said with a smirk, reaching over to pick up a custom creation displayed at his Seattle High Times Cannabis Cup booth. “Eventually I got into this.” By ‘this’ he means Joint Origami, a new and relatively unexplored art. His creations range from basic crosses and multiple tipped joints to one of his newest creations, the crocodile joint. “I’ve named them all, each different style,” he said. “I keep

for anyone who may still be struggling with bad joint syndrome, let this man be an inspiration.

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on inventing too, like the new platypus. There’s really no one out there to tell you how to do this. You just have to do it.” For Rick, the process is less art than science. He uses geometry and basic math to calculate how a particular design will smoke, an essential element to the finished product. Any moonlighter can make a cross joint, but the end

product usually doesn’t smoke smoothly or evenly. With Rick’s design methodology, Green Hand joints have unequaled smoothness and burn perfectly. “The way a J smokes is all about the width and meeting places of the sections. It’s a lot of calculations and gets pretty complicated,” Rick explained. “But it’s worth it so it smokes evenly in the end.”

You can find Rick’s work at youtube.com/tonygreenhand

Exhale

he seed was planted with love in soil that was prepared with care. With worm castings and nutrients for strength. It was watered and oh how that little seedling grew. It was talked to and fed daily, too. It was showered with love and sunshine and tended to often. Basking in the sun by the day in the natural wild beauty outdoors, and sleeping at night under the stars and the moon swaying in the light breeze turning from a young plant into a tree. It was given lady bugs and sprayed to keep the bad bugs away. The dying yellow leaves plucked tenderly and with care not to disturb the beautifully forming flowers and red and white hairs. It is kept safe from predators, animals and thieves. It is fragrant, majestic, sticky and sweet. It sways and reaches high for the late summer sun. Fall coming soon, the

buds are filling out and firming up. The flowers are so fragrant and beautiful it will soon be time to cut and harvest. Until then we watch we tend and we wait. Oh how it rewards us. This tree or weed that grows from the land. It can cure most all that ails man. It even repairs our land. It is the strongest fiber known to man. It is quick to grow and takes little effort. How can this plant be called evil or bad? That is ignorance in full and control too. Sow the seed, free the weed and stop all of that political greed. Our people are in need.

bY KITTY MILLER, 2012

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NORTHWEST

The Mission

out of a boy’s STRUGGLES WITH CANCER, a foundation gives hope BY WES ABNEY | Photo by BOB MONTOYA FOR NORTHWEST LEAF

In a world of people scared of cancer, one young force is so bright the cancer fears his very name. Cash Hyde.

At only 2 years of age, he battled through cancer. Chemotherapy and the disease were both taking a heavy toll. At one dark point, he hadn’t eaten in 40 days, and the brain tumor that threatened his life began wrapping around his optic nerve. He was going blind and on the brink of death when his father made a radical decision. He used Cannabis to make Rick Simpson oil, diluting it for mixture into Cash’s IV bag. The medicine was snuck in daily, and Cash’s recovery began almost immediately. Now in his fourth year of life, Cash is again battling cancer with Cannabis.

Cash Hyde Foundation

Visit to donate or get more info! www.cashhydefoundation.com

for more info: Sonshine Organics Haskins@comcast.net 360-742-3669 3211-A Yelm Hwy SE Olympia, WA 98501 haskin kids stand with a banner for cash hyde outside mary bridge children’s hospital.

The Cash Hyde Foundation

The Hyde family was able to survive on the donations provided by others, living in a trailer at the hospital for months while Cash battled cancer.

Having a child or relative sick in the hospital is almost worse than being the one sick, especially when it comes to families. Being forced to choose between work and hospital visits is a choice no parent wants to make, and extended hospital stays can stretch even the tightest family to the edge. The stress, heartache and financial burdens are the ailments that you can’t take medicine for or visit a doctor for. It is out of these situations that the foundation was born.

hen faced with poverty over an illness, anything helps, including something as simple as a smile. In fact, it’s in the foundation’s mission statement. “The Cash Hyde Foundation’s mission is to fight cancer with smiles, prayers, positive energy and provide information and financial support for children with cancer and their families.” At the heart of the foundation are the Reggae Runners, which are donated to hospitals all over the country. The Runners start as basic plastic

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foot-propelled toddler cars, but they undergo a transformation to become a part of the foundation. “I decided one day,” wrote Cash’s father, Mike, in a statement on their website, “That the wagons and cars needed to be customized with stickers and have IV poles mounted to them. We purchased Cashy his own Little Tike’s car and mounted a Reggae Colored IV pole to it. We put stickers of Bob Marley One Love, Monkey’s, Cancer Fears Me, 4th ICS, and our favorite hometown team the Grizz/UM all over it. We named it the Reggae Runner and Cashy had many happy times cruising the halls of Primary Children’s in it.”

With the IV poles attached, children are able to scoot around the hospital. This small act of freedom can be extremely rare for children battling cancer, and it represents a sense of “normal” that is hard to find inside the sterilized hospital walls.

on a local level For Chris and Sarena Haskins of Sonshine Organics, the Hyde’s story has run a similar path to their own. Their daughter was diagnosed Mothers Day weekend in 2003. She was only 5, and the family had a 3-month-old son to try and raise as well.

With the IV poles attached, children are able to scoot around the hospital. This small act of freedom represents a sense of “normal” that is hard to find inside hospital walls.

Chris Haskiin helps his kids, Hayden and hannah, unload reggae runners

50 15 8.1 Childhood cancer is the leading cause of death by disease among US children under the age 15

percent of cancer diagnoses annually for Leukemia or brain tumors

“I was sideways with a 3-month-old baby and a daughter with cancer,” Sarena explained. “I remember how I felt. I especially remembered those that helped.” Their daughter went through treatment at Mary Bridge Children’s Hospital, with the family basically living there through the first year of treatment, Sarena said. Hannah’s tumor grew to the size of a watermelon, and had covered her chest. The cancer went into remission in 2005, but the effect lingers on with the family. “Every day it was something,” said Sarena. “When you see enough pain and suffering, you too will want to do something.” For Chris, the memory of playing with Hannah in the hospital is

a strong one. “It was all about the toy room,” he said. When other fathers weren’t around, he would often circle the ward to play with other children. “Just to see a smile once a day is pretty huge.”

ast-forward to 2012 and Hannah is still in remission and full of vibrant energy. Sarena and Chris have grown too, and Sonshine Organics is thriving, serving medical Cannabis patients in Olympia. It’s through the Cannabis movement that they heard of Cash Hyde, and immediately jumped in to help with the foundation. “They told Mike Hyde good luck about his son’s cancer. He was a fearless father,” said Sarena, describing how there were few options. “We were so happy to help. And when we heard that

average age of children with cancer-related hospital stays

they wanted more Reggae Runners, I said ‘Well this is it.’ ” After two years of helping the foundation and lobbying Mary Bridge, the Haskins were able to secure a donation of several Reggae Runners. Black Lake Organics donated one, and Karen and Tim Elton donated another two. The Olympia Lowes store donated a handful of toy rakes and a wheelbarrow, while a local pet store, Bark Ave, donated a basket for a Cashy auction. The Haskins themselves provided games, DVDs, and iTunes gift cards for the toy room. For the Haskins, the return to Mary Bridge represents a circle. But don’t think for a second that they are done with the fight, or the foundation. “It’s about healing. This is more than curing cancer,” Sarena said. “As this grows, it’s only going to be wonderful.”

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This house strain from Naturally Green in Puyallup contains a perfect blend of CBD and THC in flower. Check out these test results! With 9.11% THC and a whopping 10.02% CBD this strain is the highest in CBD ever featured in Northwest Leaf! Flowering over 10 weeks, the experienced gardeners run it with Advanced Nutrients and a 15 to 18-day flush. When it comes to growth and looks, the plant appears typical, other than the long flowering period. The genetics come with Black Haze parentage, and a suspected cross of Blue Dream in the mix. The finished flower should be considered a 50/50 hybrid as it contains dominant elements of both Indica and Sativa. The flowers have a deep, pungent smell reminiscent of a turkey brine. When smoked, the flower is like taking a deep breath of ocean air, salty while being lightly expansive and numbing. Initial effects quickly take hold, freeing the mind from pain and relaxing the body without being overly stoney. Given its hybrid nature, this strain is perfect for daytime use, but can make a solid nightcap. Overall, this strain is the best of both worlds for patients: A moderate amount of THC to ease the mind and a heavy hit of CBD for lasting pain relief.

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Trouble in Tulalip

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meet dennis boon. he ’s a member of the tulalip indian trib E AND A QUALIFIED MEDICAL CANNABIS PATIENT. S o W hy didn ’t that matter to the police ?

By raymond flores for northwest leaf PHOTOS BY DANIEL BERMAN

lunchtime June 16, 2011, Dennis Boon returned to his two-bedroom duplex on the Tulalip Indian Reservation after a sunny morning of salmon fishing. Dennis, a commercial fisherman on the Tulalip Indian Reservation, which is just north of Everett, uses medical Cannabis to treat his severe epilepsy. Before leaving his home to return to work that afternoon, Dennis smoked a small amount of sativa Cannabis as part of his daily routine. Minutes after leaving his house, officers from the U.S. Marshals Service, the Department of Corrections, Tulalip police and Snohomish County sheriff ’s deputies showed up at the home and told Dennis’ girlfriend that they were looking for a wanted fugitive, who was later found in a back room of the duplex. DOC officers, sheriff ’s deputies and Marshal Service officers left after taking their fugitive into custody, but the Tulalip officers stayed to investigate “the distinct odor of marijuana” that they say they smelled when they entered Dennis’ home, according to police reports. The officers searched Dennis’ small house after obtaining a search warrant, and found about 7 grams of Cannabis, two joints and more than a dozen items of paraphernalia. Dennis’ copy of his medical Cannabis authorization was taken from the wall above the safe when the officers left that afternoon, Dennis said, but it is not list-

ed in the search warrant as an item taken during the search. Photos of the authorization appear in court documents and it is mentioned in police reports and subpoenas, but a medical Cannabis authorization on tribal land doesn’t mean much. Defendants and attorneys in Indian criminal courts face a complex maze of federal and local jurisdictions. The Tulalip Tribe recognizes itself as a sovereign nation on federal land separate from Washington state, and is not required to adopt medical Cannabis laws instituted by the state. Even if they wanted to adopt Washington’s medical Cannabis code, they are subject to federal jurisdiction, which does not allow any kind of Cannabis use. Though Dennis is legally allowed to use Cannabis for medical purposes in Washington, as soon as he steps onto the reservation he calls home, he is vulnerable to prosecution from his tribal court and police. That’s how it is on tribal land. Dennis was in turn charged with possession of a controlled substance and possession of drug paraphernalia, both misdemeanors, in December 2011, and is scheduled for trial in Tulalip Tribal Court on Nov. 21, 2012. While medical Cannabis is illegal on the reservation, if Dennis was not an Indian, his case would be different. In 2008, Tulalip police were granted jurisdiction over everyone on the reservation, not just tribal members and other Indians. While Tulalip police are allowed

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

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Trouble in Tulalip CONTINUED from pg. 39 to arrest non-Indians, the Tulalip Tribal Court can still only prosecute Indians. If a non-Indian is arrested on the reservation, their case is transferred to Snohomish County Court, which is subject to Washington’s medical Cannabis law. Dennis and his lawyers lost a motion using the 14th Amendment to argue that the case violated the Equal Protection Clause, which requires states to provide equal protection to all people within a jurisdiction. Because a case involving a non-Indian would not fall under the Tulalip Court’s jurisdiction, the motion was unsuccessful.

ennis said he has suffered from epilepsy since he was a child. Repeated head traumas throughout his childhood resulted in him having multiple grand mal seizures every week for years, until he started using Cannabis regularly to treat them. He said he smoked marijuana recreationally since he was a teenager, but in 1994, while attending college in Alaska, he met an epileptic who was using Cannabis as medicine. Since 1994, Dennis has treated Cannabis as a medication, using it in the morning, afternoon and evening, and he says he hasn’t had a seizure in years. He obtained his first authorization in California back before medical Cannabis was legal in Washington. “I mean, the medical records don’t prove it, but they give someone something to think about,” Dennis said.

iN LATE MARCH, Boon spoke out at the General council meeting, declaring himself a medical Cannabis patient and making a motion to legalize medical Cannabis on Tulalip. despite overwhelming support BY OTHER TRIBAL MEMBERS, the motion was tabled FOR THE NEXT MEETING, SIX MONTHS LATER.

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Before he started using Cannabis regularly to treat his epilepsy, Dennis said the government was spending $150,000 per year on his health care. Indian Health Services pays for Dennis’ health care and on average spends a few thousand every year. But neither Dennis nor science can truly prove that Cannabis stops epileptics from experiencing seizures. Washington’s medical Cannabis law identifies epilepsy as one of the conditions approved for Cannabis use, but little research has been done on the relationship between the plant and the illness. Opponents of medical Cannabis believe the drug lowers a person’s seizure threshold, making seizures more likely. But others such as Dennis say that after using Cannabis, they experience drastically fewer seizures. The majority of test subjects interviewed say Cannabis has little or no effect on the frequency or intensity of their seizures. For those patients who it works for, Cannabis is a welcome alternative to debilitating epilepsy drugs. Dennis said that before he started medicating with Cannabis, he had tried many of the modern epilepsy drugs such as Tegretol, Dilantin and Depakote, with which he had varying levels of success managing his seizures. Some of the drugs worked well to reduce his seizures, but left him feeling heavily drugged, making it impossible to think, work or go to school, he noted. Others worked for a while, but seemed to wear off eventually. Dennis used Phenobarbital for a few years, but couldn’t continue using it because it made him feel as though he was on animal tranquilizers. “I tried to go to school like that, tried to work like that, but it just didn’t work,” Dennis said. He believes Cannabis is the most effective drug for controlling his epilepsy. Dennis is a self-described radical and whistle-blower on the reservation and sees himself as a victim of, in his words, a “corrupt bureaucracy” in the state and tribe. Dennis alleges he was targeted by

police because of an incident at a general council meeting, of which there are two every year. The general Council meeting is where the tribe enacts laws and tribal members who are eligible to vote discuss important matters. Dennis said that on March 18, 2011, he spoke out at the council meeting, declaring himself a medical Cannabis patient and making a motion to legalize medical Cannabis on the reservation. Dennis said that despite overwhelming support for medical Cannabis at the meeting, the motion was tabled.

“I just painted a big red X on my back,” Dennis said. The Council exercised their right to discuss the matter at a later date.

ven if the tribe had voted that night to legalize medical Cannabis on the reservation, it would have been extremely risky. While sovereign nations aren’t required to recognize state laws, they are still under the watchful eye of federal law. Because of that, no tribe in Washington has officially legalized medical Cannabis. A spokeswoman for the tribe said as long as Cannabis is illegal at the federal level, there isn’t anything they can do

about it. No other Tulalip officials could be reached for comment on this story. Dennis likened a grand mal seizure to getting beaten by a group of thugs. Dennis, 45, said his grand mal seizures were hard to deal with when he was young and they only get harder to deal with as he gets older. He said his last seizure was more than eight years ago. “All I’m trying to do is just live,” he said, his hands resting on his knees. Dennis’ medical condition grants him the right to use Cannabis in Washington, but not in his home.

A view through the screen door as Dennis relaxes.

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Forked Eyeballs

Icing: 3/4 cup semisweet chocolate chips 1 1/2 teaspoons shortening 1 tablespoon medicated vegetable oil (optional) Assorted Halloween candy sprinkles

2 (11-oz.) bags white chocolate chips 12 doughnut holes Semisweet chocolate chips Tube of red decorator frosting 2 tablespoons medicated vegetable oil

1) Heat oven to 325°F. In large bowl, combine sugar and butter; beat until well blended. Add almond extract and egg; blend well. Add flour and cocoa; mix well. 2) Shape dough into 6-in.-long roll. Cut roll into 6 slices; cut each slice into quarters. For each pretzel, shape 1 dough quarter into 10-inch-long rope. Shape rope into U-shape; cross ends and place over bottom of U to form pretzel. Place 1 inch apart on ungreased cookie sheets. 3) Bake at 325°F. for 8 to 10 minutes or until set and firm to the touch. Cool 1 minute; remove from cookie sheets. Cool 10 min. or until completely cooled. 4) In small microwave-safe bowl , combine chocolate chips and shortening. Microwave on HIGH for 30 seconds. Stir; continue microwaving, stirring every 10 seconds, until chocolate is melted and can be stirred smooth. Dip tops of pretzels in chocolate. Sprinkle with candy sprinkles. Refrigerate 10 minutes or until chocolate is set before storing. Pretzels by flickr/dearbarbz365 — donuts by flickr/pabloberlanga

1) To coat a dozen doughnut holes, melt the white chocolate chips with the oil over low heat (and keep the chocolate warm while you work). 2) With a fork, spear each doughnut hole and submerge it in the melted chocolate to coat it, then gently tap off any excess. 3) Stick a semisweet chocolate chip with its point cut off onto each doughnut hole, cut end first. Place the forks (handle side down) in a mug and allow the chocolate coating to harden. 4) Use a tube of red decorator frosting to add squiggly veins radiating out from the pupils

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TASTY

Reviews by nOrthwest leaf staff photos by daniel berman

Reviews Bomb Bar Triple X Strength, $10 3 servings • Tested at 8.18 mg THC

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The bomb bars are a truly potent treat and come in several forms. The S’mores bar is delicious and features Canna butter, hash and keif all thrown into the mix. Chocolate krispy bars, and fruity krispies bar, are available.

For those that like it hot, this medicated Chili Sauce is the perfect addition to any meal. With a taste similar to Siracha, the medicine inside isn’t overwhelming in taste or smell, But don’t let it fool you. The hash inside makes for a deep burning kick that is sure to delight.

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Grasshopper Cookie Single Strength, $5 This tasty treat combines the classic flavors of chocolate and mint in a soft, delicate cookie. The package says single strength, but it is easily two servings. This is a great after dinner treat, and will make an evening to remember. Lemon Bars, and other varieties, are available.

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growtech

Sliding Into Home >> The final three to four weeks of the flowering phase are a crucial time in developing the characteristics Cannabis enthusiasts seek

uring these final weeks, the bulk of the plant’s energy is focused on developing essential oils, trichomes, fullness and density in the flowers. The right combination of gardening techniques can help to maximize the plant’s genetic potential. This in turn can produce a bouquet of aromas accompanied by luscious, flavorful flowers, oozing with resin and coated in copious amounts of trichomes that yield handsomely. Mistakes around this time, on the other hand, can put ceilings on the genetic potential — resulting in medium yields of mildly scented flowers. These will have an unmistakably bland and common flavor (the proverbial “tastes like chicken” of the Cannabis world). In this month’s Grow Tech, I hope to offer a few tips that I’ve found to be nearly universally successful among many different gardeners for the last three to four weeks of flower, or what I generally call the fruit setting and hardening/ripening stages. To be clear about the stage(s) in question here: I generally divide the flowering stage into three parts. The first stage includes the transition, flower opening and stretch. It’s during this time that the flower sites “open” on the plant and the plant stretches, or growers taller (between 50 and 400 percent increase in height). It does this to maximize light absorption and give it the best shot at pollination. When this stage is completed, the plant will stop growing in height and the last two stages can begin. The second stage I call “fruit setting.” It’s during this time that the plant focuses most of it’s energy on developing its flower sites, making them bigger and filling in the internodes — the

56/ocT. 2012 FACEBOOK.COM/NWLEAF

stem area between nodes where leafs grow from — by stacking calyx’s (those little crystal covered pod things that sandwich the hairs on your dried medication). I like to time any pruning, thinning and staking so that the vast majority or all of these tasks are completed by the fruit setting stage. By this stage, almost the entire structure of the plant has already been determined. If you got things right, your plants should be well prepared to set some flowers. A flowerenhancing supplement and a carbohydrate supplement (hopefully delivered the week prior) is very helpful in ensuring the plant gets adequate nutrients to support the increased energy demands it needs in order to fill out large flowers. Starting calcium and magnesium supplementation can be helpful at this stage as well. Especially if you have softer water, use systems or grow strains that thrive in lower PPM environments, or prefer using adjusted RO water, adding a calcium magnesium supplement at this stage prevents any deficiency which so often pops up around weeks five to six. Proper nutrition in Veg as well as the first stage of flower should ensure that not much more is needed.

BY DR SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF

The last three to four weeks are crucial in determining flavor and over all quality in many ways. It is important to understand that from my perspective, flushing is an essential part of growing medical grade Cannabis and is integral to the ripening stage. Some gardeners do nothing but flush for this entire stage, especially if they have fed their soil properly. One of the biggest common errors I see is an understanding that continuing to feed your plants will ensure that they continue to grow bigger and riper. As a result people end up feeling that the flush is the equivalent to “giving up” as they can no longer jam nutrients into the plant. I consider this an error because it doesn’t account for the much slower rate that plants metabolize and ultimately use the nutrients you feed it. When I notice a change for better or worse in my garden and I suspect it has something to do with the nutrients, I usually look FIRST to what they were

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

One of the biggest common errors I see is an understanding that continuing to feed your plants will ensure that they continue to grow bigger and riper. As a result people end up feeling that the flush is the equivalent to “giving up” as they can no longer jam nutrients into the plant.

growtech

Sliding Into Home ARTICLE CONTINUED from pg. 56

As a general rule introduce ANY change gradually and slowly i.e. try adding one of the tips in and err on the side of a mild application (50% of manufacturer ‘s recommended nutrient application, lighter end of the range for light shocking period etc.)

Proper nutrition and growing conditions must exist in veg as well as the first stage of flower for any of these techniques to be maximized. I don’t recommend trying anything radical until this has been achieved.

Sometimes the best results come from taking things out earlier and flushing longer

I have seen NOTHING that you can do at the end of your cycle that will affect change dramatically. Nature provides a gradual process; work with it rather than against it.

Use all stress treatments cautiously and gradually; it’s very easy to overdo it and actually end up with the opposite outcome of your intention.

a flowering hindu kush plant eating the previous week and not what I have been feeding them in the current week. By planning adequate time for plants to truly flush and exhaust their nutrient stores, your plants will fully ripen. By flushing properly, you give your plants the time to receive and respond to the hormonal signals released during, and triggered by the flushing process. Many of the most exciting colors, smells and trichome swelling occur during this stage due specifically to the lack of nutrients in the plant, so don’t miss out!

here are a couple of supplements that I have seen produce more or less universally improved results. At this stage, using a PK formula will ensure your plants get adequate phosphorus and potassium — the nutrients needed most at this stage. Many gardeners use different techniques to develop hardness and ripeness, some include: adding molasses to your feeding schedule and using Bombastic by Atami. Often, gardeners will deliberatelystress the plant mildly right at the end of the flower stage. Many of the desirable characteristics about Cannabis are largely a result of the biological defense mechanisms

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employed by the Cannabis plant. By creating somewhat stressful environment, you “trick” the plant into focusing its last energy at protecting itself from the stress and recovering which can lead to increased resin and potency of cannabinoidsas well as an increase in essential oils. Light shocking (finishing the plants out with 24 to 48 hours of straight darkness) and PK spiking (adding very high levels of Phosphorus and Potassium) are two methods that when used in moderation on healthy thriving plants, consistently delivers a small but noticeable boost in quality that can often serve as the “cherry” on top of your sundae. If you are interested in learning specific information on application schedules or further detail on the products or techniques included in this article please e-mail me at thegreengardengroup@gmail.com or message me on my facebook page under “DoctorScanderson.”

As always…Happy Gardening!

Many of the desirable characteristics about Cannabis are largely a result of the biological defense mechanisms employed by the Cannabis plant. PHOTO COURTESY EASTCOASTERDAM.COM

health & science

Are You Under the Influence? >>EXAMINING & DEBUNKING I-502’S unfair, unscientific DUI PROVISION BY NORTHWEST LEAF SPECIAL CONTRIBUTOR DR. SCOTT D. ROSE

nitiative-502 is on the ballot this November to “legalize” marijuana. More than 241,000 signatures were gathered in favor of allowing people older than 21 years of age to legally purchase marijuana from state-run facilities. Many of those people, perhaps, are enchanted by the possibility of new laws that would allow the possession and use of a substance that has been prohibited in the United States for more than 80 years. But wait. No piece of legislation is perfect and I-502 is far from perfect. Big money has bankrolled the yes on 502 campaign. Much opposition comes from the medical Cannabis community, and much of that opposition focuses on driving and the dreaded blood test. Many medical Cannabis patients fear that the driving under the influence of a drug provisions will increase the potential penalty for their use of Cannabis medicines. Early opposition to I-502 began with advocates of medical Cannabis and quickly spread to Gov. Christine Gregoire and Attorney General

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Rob McKenna, who object to numerous features, and then to a broader group of citizens and patient advocacy groups. The main objection to I-502’s Part V: Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana is that the DUID language is unnecessary, unscientific and unfair. On the pro side of the argument, stricter regulations and penalties will be levied for driving under the influence of Cannabis. That sounds reasonable, right? People shouldn’t be driving under the influence of drugs. However, no specific amount of THC (the psychoactive component in the Cannabis plant) in the blood will guarantee that someone is too impaired to drive.

“

It is not possible to conclude anything about a driver’s impairment on the basis of his/her plasma concentrations

-U.S. Dept. of Transportation report, Marijuana and Actual Driving Performance: Effects of THC on Driving Performance.

“It is not possible to conclude anything about a driver’s impairment on the basis of his/her plasma concentrations,” according to a report by the U.S. Department of Transportation titled Marijuana and Actual Driving Performance: Effects of THC on Driving Performance.” The consensus is, however, that Cannabis consumers are impaired to a point of creating “additional risk” while driving when they are above 5 ng/mL THC concentration in the blood (that’s nanograms per milliliter, or in other words, about a pinch of salt in 10 tons of potato chips). The DUID laws as proposed set the blood plasma levels at less than 5 ng/ml. THC levels in the blood peak quickly after inhalation, then decrease rapidly according to complex biochemical mechanisms, making it almost impossible to work backward from the concentrations in the blood stream as to when the individual consumed Cannabis and how affected they are at the moment. It’s unlike alcohol consumption, for which a linear rela-

tionship exists. Breathalyzer and blood alcohol content analysis technologies are generally valid measures of impairment. Smoking Cannabis has been shown to impair driving skills most severely during the acute phase, which typically lasts up to one hour, a post-acute phase (one to 2 1/2 hours), and a residual phase (more than 2 1/2 hours) during which impairment subsides rapidly. The duration of the post-acute phase and the degree of impairment during the residual phase both increase strongly with the consumed dose. After smoking “typical doses” of about 20 mg THC, the residual phase lasts two to three hours. The effects of orally ingested Cannabis will occur later than those of smoking, typically peaking two to three hours after ingestion — but the blood values will test higher for longer. These are concerning factors for medical Cannabis patients because many consume their Cannabis medicines in a variety of ways,

often requiring multiple doses each day. Research has shown a difference exists between new and experienced users of Cannabis and their performance on driving tests. In one study, most marijuana-intoxicated drivers, both new and experienced, showed modest impairments on a road test, and experienced smokers who drove on a set course showed almost no functional impairments at all under the influence of Cannabis. Except when combining with alcohol, users have been shown to perceive that they are under the influence and so are consequently more cautious. Other studies have found no adverse effects of Cannabis use on sign detection, a sudden lane-changing task, or the detection of and response to hazardous events. An analysis of more than 120 studies showed that in general, the higher the estimated concentration of THC in blood, the higher the driving impairment, but that more frequent users of Cannabis show less impairment than infrequent users at the same dose. I-502 doesn’t have any provisions that take into account tolerance and duration of use.

I-502 doesn’t have any provisions that take into account tolerance and duration of use.

esearch conducted by Dr. Gil Mobley, a licensed provider of medical Cannabis, yielded results suggesting that patients retain levels of THC in their systems for up to four hours after medication, levels that would be illegal for drivers under I-502. Mobley’s numbers show that patients who registered up to 47 ng/mL of THC in their bloodstream were able to pass basic cognitive exams. Medical Cannabis patients argue that I-502’s legal limit is unreasonably low. At less than 5 ng/ml, a lot of medical Cannabis patients will essentially be unable to ever drive legally. If those same patients happened to have been convicted of DUI within the past 10 years, they will be at risk of being charged with a felony every time they get behind the wheel. The ethics of this provision have resulted in heated debates. Washington’s current DUI law already includes “implied consent” and “per se DUI” provisions. If you drive on Washington roads, you have given consent to tests of your breath and blood if you are “arrested

Any rule applied to the consumption of alcohol should be applied to Cannabis, including don’t drive impaired, don’t consume while driving and don’t consume in public.

for any offense where, at the time of arrest, the arresting officer has reasonable grounds to believe” you are under the influence. The fact that you are “entitled to use a drug under the laws of this state,” such as having a prescription for a pharmaceutical or a medical Cannabis authorization, is not a defense. I-502 adds a per se threshold for THC. Initiative 502 establishes a per se Cannabis DUI cutoff of 5 nanograms of active THC metabolite per milliliter of whole blood, which is analogous to the per se 0.08 blood alcohol content for alcohol consumption. It does not change the legal requirements that must be met before a police officer can take a driver to a medical professional for a blood test. It does not change the fact that officers still must have probable cause for an arrest and reasonable grounds to believe a driver is impaired before requiring a breath or blood test. Nor does it change the fact that blood tests can only be administered by medical professionals. A valid roadside sobriety test already exists for identifying Cannabis intoxication. Standard field sobriety tests for alcohol consumption include assessments of eye-tracking, walking a straight line and maintaining balance standing on one leg. In Australia, they’ve included the addition of a new sign: head movements or jerks that have been shown to accurately predict THC intoxication. These new field tests reduce the frequency and necessity for blood testing in routine traffic evaluations and are being used in Australia. There, the state police of Victoria test for driving impairment associated with drugs other than alcohol, including Cannabis. Research has shown such an evaluation might also account for the dose dependency of impairment and the tolerance of longerterm users. In other words, a simple test can tell how impaired someone is as a preliminary step before sending a medical Cannabis patient in for a blood test and the likelihood of a DUID. After using Cannabis, qualified patients who need to drive should either have a designated driver or wait at least three hours after consuming before driving. They should also be aware that Cannabis is particularly likely to impair monotonous or prolonged driving and that mixing Cannabis with alcohol will have an additive effect, resulting in increased impairment. Any rule applied to the consumption of alcohol should be applied to Cannabis, including don’t drive impaired, don’t consume while driving and don’t consume in public. And, most importantly, do not be mesmerized by the promise of “legalization.”

Dr. Scott D. Rose is a Naturopathic Physician Acupuncturist specializing in pain management in Kirkland. Askdrrose.com GRAPHIC: VECTORPORTAL.COM

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BEHIND THE STRAIN

PHOTO BY DEOXY/ICMAG.COM

This was a limited release breeding project combining possibly the two most expressive haze-leaning characterized plants in the SSSDH with the super fast finishing times and sativa-like effects of Chocolope by way of DNA Genetics. To complement such a rare strain, and do justice to the article, took something extra. After much coaxing and many requests I feel very fortunate to be able to introduce my Cannabis mentor and teacher, the person whose advice I value most, and a very dear friend, Big-C, as our guest gardener for this month’s ‘How it Grows’ section.

HOW IT GROWS:

Chocolate Lemonade C hecking out a tasty sativa BY DR. SCANDERSON FOR NORTHWEST LEAF

smoke report: To me, Chocolate Lemonade looks like a cleaned up, “prettier” version of chocolope. Unlike the fox tail calyx formation and looser bud structure more typical of chocolope and most sativa-dominant strains, Chocolate Lemonade presents even, spear-shaped flowers nicely coated in trichomes. All the gear I’ve ever tested from Big-C, scent and taste must be described as an athletic experience. Lemony terpenes rush out immediately, giving way to the bitter fruit-and-haze notes of the chocolope. The lemon and flower bouquet savagely grabs hold of my tongue as the smoke rushes out of the double century perk, Dank Tank tube. • This is one of those more subtle flavors that is so lip-smacking I find myself almost uncontrollably taking gulp after gulp of smoke. I play the “Okay that’s enough, wait just a little bit more,” game in hopes of capturing just a little more flavor, but am left with two huge columns of smoke rapidly expanding my chest to the point of cracking. My face hatch is forced open and smoke billows out as tangy hazy flavors rush around my nose and mind. The Genetics: (Super Silver Sour Diesel Haze [SSSC super silver haze x East Coast Sour Diesel Clone) x (Chocolope DNA Genetics, thanks Don and Aaron! [Cantaloupe Haze x Chocolate Thai)

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the bottom line:

Chocolate Lemonade is one of my favorite plants and it is a pleasure to grow, if a bit challenging. It’s fussy with nutrients but doesn’t mind heat, doesn’t need much staking or support, and grows in the perfect shape with multiple tops. It’s a happy plant and I feel happy around it, whether it’s growing or burning. I veg her 4-5 weeks for a bloomed height of 3-4 feet and, with no topping, she will be a medium-sized bush. I take off the bottom foot of growth to keep the nugs nice sized and minimize light deficient larf. She is a fairly leafy one so I remove some larger leaves a couple times during flower to help with light penetration. I’ve noticed though that too much plucking will result in a strong shock halting bud development for about a week until it recovers. During vegetation, CL is very PH-sensitive, and this was a challenge to figure out. All other plants looked beautiful at a Ph of 6 but after trying several things, I lowered the PH and noticed an improvement. Her sweet spot was right at 5.4. I use a slightly modified General Hydroponic threepart formula regime with a couple additives keeping ppm levels between 1200 and 1400. Both lower and higher levels displeased her. I use 1000-watt HPS and heat is often a problem since ceiling height is finite, but this is not a problem for CL. She will sit right in the hot spot and take it like a champ with healthy green leaves and frosted swollen sativa-like pointy buds. The Effect: SA-MACK! Anyone ever heard of a dunk-a-roo (I’m an expert observer)? This plant has an immediate message for your face and head. It rushes on with a vigor that took me a moment to adjust to, create movement and the like. Within minutes an exciting, functional & comfortable pure sativa effect is realized that lasts and lasts with the same intensity.

While this may not be the best choice for the beginning gardener, if you have the chance to grow or consult with this plant, do it! Once dialed in, heavy yields of beautiful Sensimilla are realized in about nine weeks. Patients looking for a strong and reliable sativa that is nothing but pleasurable to ingest need look no further.

Fusion medical cannabis hours: 12-8 weekdays 12-4 saturday closed sunday happy hour daily 2-4 206.402.3957 1602 Dexter Ave N. Seattle, WA fusionmmj.com

visit us at hempfest booth 418 and receive a coupon for free dama oil redeemable at Fusion.

Knowledgeable. Compassionate. Reputable.

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