Figure 1. Illustration of BAT Regulatory Framework

from Value chain approaches to determining Best Available Techniques (BAT) for industrial installations

Box 3. Proposed value chain approaches to developing EU BAT Reference Documents

1What’s the issue?

1. WHAT’S THE ISSUE?  13

Role of BAT in a regulatory /market framework

Best Available Techniques (BAT) are usually established at the level of each industrial sector or activity to prevent or reduce emissions and the impact on the environment as a whole. Regulatory authorities typically set requirements for installation operations to prevent or reduce emissions to air, water, soil, energy and water consumption, and waste management through treatment or disposal. As shown in Figure 1, regulatory authorities tend to focus on installation activities that produce intermediate products or finished products depending on the size of the installation.

Figure 1. Illustration of BAT Regulatory Framework

Notes: 1. Dashed lines represent the industrial installation/activity regulated by BAT. Certain activities may supply materials to other regulated industries. 2. Grey dotted sections represent market interactions that may influence use of resources and products at each stage. 3. Framing the illustration are multiple regulations that protect natural resources, environment, and human health.

While procedures for establishing BAT aim to consider the most effective technologies and methods available considering the cost and the required site-specific environmental protection benefits, broad accounting of upstream and downstream interactions can be difficult. The extent to which particular countries and BAT policies consider the interactions within the value chain systematically or for specific sectors is unclear.

In general, establishing BAT takes 2 to 4 years with periodic review between 8 to 12 years, requiring resources and time for adequate consideration. When determining BAT for sector-specific activities, consideration of up- or downstream interactions of the sector’s value chain may be limited. That is, a sector-

Figure 1. Illustration of BAT Regulatory Framework

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Box 3. Proposed value chain approaches to developing EU BAT Reference Documents

1What’s the issue?

Role of BAT in a regulatory /market framework

Figure 1. Illustration of BAT Regulatory Framework

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Box 3. Proposed value chain approaches to developing EU BAT Reference Documents

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EU BAT Reference Documents

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Figure 9. Paint and Coating Manufacturing Flow Diagram

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Figure 8. Textile Manufacturing Flow Diagram

Figure 6. Illustration of the Circular Economy Concept

Figure 4. Green Chemistry Example

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Value chain approaches to determining Best Available Techniques (BAT) for industrial installations