B82172 Course in English 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University
COSMETOLOGY APPLIANCES FOR REGENERATION AND AESTHETIC MEDICINE 2 Doc. MUDr. Leoš Středa, Ph.D. .
2. CHRONOBIOLOGY AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR THE REGENERATION METHODS AND CATEGORIES
CHRONOBIOLOGY science that examines periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms - biological rhythms (biorhytms) several body functions (e.g. hormonal activity, changing of urinal ion concentration) oscillates endogenous rhythmicity can be congenital, but is synchronized by environment (during day time changes etc - e.g. during short-term human isolation from the outdoortime, day rhytmicity is 25 hours, but during long-term isolation it leads to desync and sleep-wake period lasts 30 hours; body temperature period lasts 25 hours)
AMPLITUDE AND PERIOD t-Vo To
rhytm amplitude rhytm period
RHYTMS ACCORDING TO PERIOD ultradian: less than 20 hrs (heart activity with period 1 s, 6 s breathing cycle, 90 minutes REM cycle) cirkadian: between 20 and 28 hrs (sleep-wake cycles, body temperature cycles, cycles of physical and mental performance)
diurnal describes organisms active during daytime nocturnal describes organisms active in the night crepuscular – animals primarily active during the dawn and dusk hours (e.g. some bats)
infradian: more than 28 hrs (human menstrual cycle, annual birds migration)
PEDAGOGIC METHODS IN REGENERATION closely related to the process of physical education (sports) pedagogy. It includes: Training methodology Training optimization of macro- and microcycles The training cycle is closed during training process, which includes one or more training tasks. Each subsequent cycle is a partial repetition of the previous cycle (macro- 2-6 months, microcycles 2-10 days) Physiological cycles (biorhythms) feedback These cycles must be in accordance with biorhytms.
PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS often linked to physical education (sports): Incentives (=motivation elements, eg. Athletic performance vs. necessity of relaxation or ending the sports career among university students due to the study related frustration) Interpersonal relations (partners’ and coaches’ influence, team sports) Psychological guidance - ability to relax (selftraining, time management, dealing with emotinal stress etc.)
HEALTHCARE AND MEDICAL METHODS Rational nutrition (rehydratation, remineralisation) Physical devices (hydrotherapy, mechanotherapy including massage, sauna, electro procedures, compensatory exercises, non-competetive and relaxing sports, spa recondition, recreation in coastal and alpine areas) Pharmacological devices (individual and controlled use of drugs, such as treatment of sleep disorders, anti-depressants…also phytotherapy =medicinal use of plants – till now just empirical)
REGENERATION IN SPORT Restitutional - recovery after a hard single performance, an early stage is soothing, subsequent phase stimulating Regulatory - after multiple performances during the preparation or racing phase during annual training macro cycles, focuses on relaxing or toning Adaptive - adjusts athlete´s psycho-somatic condition before or during the match or competition, may focus on stimulating or calming effect