Peanut Grower February 2022 by One Grower Publishing

The

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

FEBRUARY 2022

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

A Tale Of Two Crops Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

2022

VARIETY GUIDE

0MIR02453_Doctor_AG78_0812.indd

Longer disease control. Higher yield potential. Just what the doctor ordered. When it comes to preventing diseases, The Peanut Doctor, aka Syngenta Agronomist Wilson Faircloth, prescribes a premium program to reduce risk and increase profit potential. Miravis® and Elatus® fungicides provide industry-leading residual and more flexibility. Which means a higher yield potential for you. Or, as the Peanut Doctor himself would put it, a premium program promotes premium yield potential. Ask your Syngenta retailer about Miravis and Elatus fungicides. It’s the doctor’s orders.

All photos are either the property of Syngenta or are used with permission. ©2020 Syngenta. Important: Always read and follow label instructions. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your state or local extension service to ensure registration status. Elatus,® Miravis®, the Alliance Frame, the Purpose Icon and the Syngenta logo are trademarks of a Syngenta Group Company. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. MW 0MIR02453-Doctor-AG78 08/20

The

FEBRUARY 2022

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

FEBRUARY 2022

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

A Tale Of Two Crops Thanks To Other Crop Prices, The Market May Firm Up

Volume 34 • Number 2

2022

VARIETY GUIDE

Departments 4

Editor’s Note A farm girl’s road trip education

News Briefs GPC’s Koehler participates in national transportation talk.

Market Watch Will the price of fertilizer lead to more peanut acres?

Stay Connected

10 Features

10 Liming Purpose And Options Two key factors used to compare liming materials are:  Calcium carbonate equivalent.  Particle size.

12 2022 Variety Guide Use the data and varietal descriptions from both universities and seed companies to plan your crop on a field-by-field basis.

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Cover photo of strip-tilled organic peanuts provided by International Peanut Group. FEBRUARY 2022 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

EDITORIAL/PRODUCTION Editor Amanda Huber ahuber@onegrower.com Copy Editor Carroll Smith csmith@onegrower.com Art Director Ashley Kumpe Digital Content Manager Katie Guthrie

ADMINISTRATION Publisher/Vice President Lia Guthrie (901) 497-3689 lguthrie@onegrower.com Associate Publisher/Editor-In-Chief Carroll Smith (901) 326-4443 Associate Publisher/Sales Scott Emerson (386) 462-1532 semerson@onegrower.com Audience Services Kate Thomas (847) 559-7514 Production Manager David Boyd dboyd@onegrower.com For subscription changes or change of address, call (847) 559-7578 or email peanutgrower@omeda.com

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Scott Monfort Extension Agronomist University of Georgia Dell Cotton Peanut Growers Cooperative Marketing Assn., Franklin, VA Kris Balkcom Agri-Program Associate Auburn University Dan Anco Extension Peanut Specialist Clemson University

Emi Kimura Extension Agronomist Texas A&M University David Jordan Extension Agronomist North Carolina State University Glen Harris Extension Agronomist University of Georgia Jason Ferrell Extension Weed Specialist University of Florida

ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC Mike Lamensdorf PRESIDENT/TREASURER Lia Guthrie PUBLISHER/VICE PRESIDENT The Peanut Grower (ISSN 1042-9379) is an agribusiness magazine for U.S. peanut producers. Published in eight monthly issues, January through July and November. Annual subscriptions are $40.00. Single Copy price is $5.00. Annual overseas subscriptions are $70.00, including Canada/Mexico. Periodicals postage paid at at Memphis, Tennessee, and at additional mailing offices. Copyright © 2022 One Grower Publishing, LLC, all rights reserved except where otherwise noted. The Peanut Grower ® is a registered trademark, which reserves all rights granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in association with the registration. POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO OMEDA COMMUNICATIONS, CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT, P.O. BOX 1388, NORTHBROOK, IL 60065-1388. All statements, including product claims, are those of the person or organization making the statement or claim. The publisher does not adopt any such statement or claim as its own, and any such statement or claim does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the publisher. Printed in the USA. One Grower Publishing, LLC, also publishes Cotton Farming, Rice Farming, Soybean South and Corn South.

Editor’sNote Editor’s Note A Farm Girl’s Road Trip Education

ver the Christmas holidays, my husband and I spent a lot of time on the road. Without going into details as to why, our journey took us from our home in North Central Florida to the westernmost destination of Destin, Florida, to the northernmost at Williamsburg, Virginia, and then back home after spending New Years in Charleston. We drove nearly 2,200 miles over 10 days. For most of the journey, expedience was key, and we chose the superhighways. On I-95, a road much in the news, traffic flowed smoothly going Amanda Huber north. I-95 south was another matter. Editor, The Peanut Grower Even though it was pre-snowstorm, with so many folks heading to Florida, it was gridlock in a number of places. This reinforced our plan to find a different road home. That’s how we found ourselves on Highways 13 and 17, a path through farms and coastal towns in Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. Given time, I will always choose this type route over the same view from most every superhighway. This more interesting road and slower pace offered a chance to see and experience new places. With that in mind, here are some things I learned on Highways 13 and 17: 1. From the car, it’s easy to tell where cotton and corn were planted, but not as easy to see where peanuts were sown. 2. I saw more center-pivot irrigation systems than I expected to see. 3. I hope to eat at Doris and Roger’s Kitchen again. 4. Many fields contain small, family cemeteries enclosed by a fence. (I have a lot of questions about this one. Is this still a practice or are farmers simply respecting the resting place of their ancestors?) 5. A very good bowl of chowder can be found at Wing and Fish Company in Shallotte across from the Camp United Methodist Church. 6. I now know how to pronounce Shallotte correctly. 7. I saw a lot of cover crops planted. 8. If I take this drive during spring or summer, I will probably stop a lot to take pictures. As usual, it was the open fields and farms that I enjoyed most. In other words, you can take the girl off the farm, but she just wants to see more farms. Maybe next trip I’ll catch some of you on the tractor. Until then, happy planning and planting.

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THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

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NewsBriefs News Briefs Peanuts Part Of National Transportation Meeting

Georgia Peanut Commission executive director Don Koehler recently participated in a roundtable discussion with U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg, U.S. Port Envoy John Porcari and the Georgia Ports Authority in Savannah, Georgia. “I applaud the efforts of the Georgia Ports Authority and the U.S. Department of Transportation for working together on infrastructure and transportation issues,” Koehler says. “Additionally, I applaud Secretary Buttigieg for traveling to Georgia in order to seek input from various grassroots organizations.” During the meeting, Koehler provided comments on supply chain issues, rising costs of inputs and the need for education regarding career opportunities in the trucking industry.

FSIS Post Harvest Review

The Georgia Federal State Inspection Service recently hosted their annual peanut inspector’s post harvest review of the 2021 season. Peanut production at 96.9% graded was 1.6 million tons. Some producers are yet to deliver their crop. What was alarming to inspectors was the number of re-grades at more than 300,000 tons, which adds extra time and work to the process. District managers’ efforts to recruit quality temporary personnel were mixed with some having excellent personnel from mostly returning employees. One problem was the competition from other job openings. Work ethic is also a significant problem at some locations where new hires work until lunch and never return. By working together, the grading service was able to keep peanuts moving until others could be trained or hired. At the event, National Peanut Buying Points Association executive director Tyron Spearman said, “Keeping the 6/

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

buying points moving during harvest is critical, and the inspection teams in each state are extremely important. We know that labor is hard to find, but each state has done a remarkable job in getting this crop inspected.” Inspectors for the 2022 season are already being trained.

Peanut Proud Answering The Call

A total of 30,240 jars were delivered to Cumberland Trace Elementary school in Bowling Green, Kentucky, in December to assist feeding workers and families impacted by tornados. The peanut butter and trucking was donated by Golden Boy. Several truckloads of Peanut Proud peanut butter have been ordered from Tara Foods/ Kroger. At least one of those truckloads was delivered in January. Additionally, the GPC’s Joy Crosby was instrumental in setting up the delivery. Peanut Proud is a grass roots organization staffed by volunteers. Because of this, almost 100% of donations are used to purchase peanut butter for those in need. Peanut Proud’s manufacturing partner Kroger provides the peanut butter at cost. To donate, send a check payable to Peanut Proud to P.O. Box 446, Blakely, GA 39823, or contact Gregg Grimsley at ggrimsley@birdsongpeanuts. com. Peanut Proud, Inc. is a registered 501(c)3 tax-exempt corporation.

USDA/ARS Continues Aflatoxin Research

The United States Peanut Federation has been working with Congressman Sanford Bishop (D-GA) on additional funds for the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service National Peanut Research Lab and Fort Valley State University for aflatoxin research. Bishop successfully included funding in the fiscal year 2021 agricultural appropriations legislation for aflatoxin

In Brief • Transportation leaders hear about rising peanut input costs, supply chain issues. • A surprising 300,000 tons needing re-grading by Georgia inspectors. • Peanut Proud sends truckloads of PB to Kentucky. • Congressman Bishop includes funding for aflatoxin research in ag budget. • Pandemic-related trends of online grocery shopping, cooking at home to continue. • Agriculture priorities outlined at national farm bureau meeting in Atlanta.

research. Additional funds for aflatoxin research are in the 2022 agricultural appropriations legislation. Areas of research to advance efforts to eliminate aflatoxin include:  Moisture control, measurement and uniformity during post harvest handling and storage.  Genetic/genomic solutions specifically for drought tolerance for aflatoxin.  Developing a risk index for in-season mitigation of aflatoxin using new techniques.  High throughput non-destructive testing for single kernel aflatoxin.  Updating the statistical modeling to reflect current sampling and future needs. The USPF is comprised of the Southern Peanut Farmers Federation, American Peanut Shellers Association, and the National Peanut Buying Points Association. The group serves as a unified voice in Washington D.C. for the peanut industry and advocates for strong agricultural policy. PEANUTGROWER.COM

NewsBriefs News Briefs

American Farm Bureau Convention In Atlanta The American Farm Bureau Convention in Atlanta featured workshops, a trade show, a video from the president of the United States, keynote addresses and awards. During a recorded message, President Joe Biden expressed his appreciation for farmers and ranchers and highlighted the administration’s priorities related to the Packers and Stockyards Act, infrastructure improvements and promoting fair competition in agricultural markets. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack shared his thoughts on broadband deployment, trade negotiations, and investments in livestock processing capabilities. Vilsack also addressed the prospect of climate-smart commodities. “Listening to Farm Bureau and listening to those in agriculture, we know that it’s important to establish a part-

Pandemic Food Trends Continue

At the American Peanut Council winter conference, vice president of FMI, The Food Industry Association, Rick Stein discussed consumer food trends. Stein said although pandemic-related pressures have begun to ease, many TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

nership in this effort to create climate-smart commodities,” Secretary Vilsack said. “This is not something that’s top-down, this is really a bottom-up effort. We know that it has to be voluntary, and it has to be incentive based. It can’t be regulated.” In the trade show, the Georgia Farm Bureau booth was popular because of the fried peanuts from the Georgia Peanut Commission and the grilled PB&Js from the National Peanut Buying Points Association. Over 2,000 PB&Js were served to farmers and families from all over the country. American Farm Bureau president Zippy Duvall stopped by for a sandwich and joining Spearman on the grill was former ag secretary Sonny Perdue.

shoppers indicate they will continue to prepare meals at home. Online ordering for safer grocery shopping is also expected to continue. For years, shoppers have told FMI they want to eat better and live healthier lives. Cooking at home is a path for

achieving these goals. Consumers are also concerned about social and environmental responsibility. Stein said their industry has prioritized eliminating food waste, social justice and efforts in diversity hiring, and energy-use reduction. FEBRUARY 2022 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

MarketWatch Market Watch Will Fertilizer Costs Lead To More Peanut Acres?

021 was a good year for peanuts. Crop quality was excellent compared to the past couple years with more Seg. 2s and Seg. 3s. Farmer-stock prices were higher this year with some incentives, and shelled prices were higher and held their ground. Demand for peanuts and peanut butter has dropped slightly since the pandemic began. However, consumers continue to favor the flavor, nutrition and availability of peanut products, which can still be found on most grocery store shelves. Production is estimated at 6.39 billion pounds or 3.194 million tons up 4% from 2020. Harvested area was estimated at 1.55 million acres, down 4% from 2020. The average yield was estimated at 4,135 pounds per acre, up 322 pounds from the previous year. Record-high yields were estimated in Oklahoma, South Carolina and Virginia. Few Hurdles To Cross Although the growing and harvest seasons were considered smooth, there were problems to be addressed. Georgia and Texas experienced isolated flooding where peanuts were lost. Federal-State Inspection Services in each state had to cope with the pandemic protocols while keeping farmers’ peanuts moving through buying points. Dependable, available labor is a problem from the farm to the truck drivers hauling farmer stock to the buying points. However, strategic management in all segments made 2021 successful. The agriculture economy will again influence peanuts in 2022. Fertilizer costs have tripled, but peanuts are not a major user, except for calcium. This could mean more acres planted in peanuts rather than corn and cotton. Farmers, like everyone, are being hammered with higher fuel prices. Used and 8/

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

J. Tyron Spearman Contributing Editor, The Peanut Grower

Leading Marketing Indicators (1-13-22) 2021 Production Est. (+4%) ............................................... 3,194,650 tons 2021 Acreage (–5.1%) ..................................................... 1,533,000 acres 2021 Average Yield (+7.3 %).................................................. 4,135 lbs/A 2020 Total Crop Loan ........................................................ 2,425,355 tons 2020 Crop Remaining In Loan ............................................... 37,894 tons 2021 Domestic Usage (4 Mo.) ........................................... DOWN -1.4 % 2021 Exports (3 Mo) ........................................................... DOWN -24.3% NATIONAL POSTED PRICE (per ton) Runners -$424.89; Spanish - $413.05; Valencia and Virginias - $427.70

new equipment is higher, and good luck trying to get something prior to planting. Peanut seed is likely to cost more. Farmer stock prices for seed were mostly $525 per ton. After shelling and treating, look for seed to be at least 10 cents per pound higher than last year, depending on the sheller. The best advice is to order seed early. If there is a rush for peanut acreage, seed may be short this year. Contracting Contract prices for 2022 are still unknown, and there are issues beyond production costs. On exports, demand from China has slowed. Imports during 2020 because of that crop’s quality problems, along with ample supply in other years has made the market more vulnerable. Argentina is the leading exporter to the European Union but is experiencing difficulty getting shipments into the continent because logistical hurdles continue to delay shipments and increase costs. Keep an eye on exports, which will likely drive markets over the next few months. Farmers should also pay close attention to drought concerns in parts of Brazil, Argentina and the United States. One exporter reported that there is a lack

of interest from U.S. sellers to engage with buyers in light of stringent testing and continued logistical issues involved with shipping into the EU. Importers have expressed frustrations over a lack of space on vessels and delays at almost every point of the shipping process. U.S. exports are expected to decrease by 5% to 675,000 tons. Domestic Usage The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s stocks and processing report shows peanut usage down 1.4% in the first four months of the marketing year for raw peanuts in products, with peanut butter showing a decline of 3.3%. For the month, peanuts in candy increased an amazing 22%, snacks were down 1.2%, peanut butter and in-shells were about the same as last year. For nutritional programs, the government purchased 4.47 million pounds of peanut butter and 77.8 thousand pounds of roasted peanuts during November, the largest buy of the year. A number that could impact markets as well is that peanut stocks in commercial storage total 5.54 billion pounds equivalent farmer stock, up 23% compared to 4.50 billion PEANUTGROWER.COM

MarketWatch Market Watch pounds last year. Domestic food usage is forecast to be up only 1%, not 3% as predicted earlier by USDA. Crushing for oil, seed and residual dropped 17.9%. Ending stocks will now be up to 1.033 million tons, up from last month’s 974,000 tons. For The Coming Season When it comes to marketing, if you can pencil in a profit, you need to consider it. There are lots of unknowns in the peanut market this early in the season. While farmers make plans on what to plant, the Farm Bill is hanging in the balance. It will again take a coalition of commodities and their leaders in the House and Senate to draft a Farm Bill and get it approved for the President to sign. Lots of talk about climate change programs, helping farmers through conservation and equality between any payments. Remember the 2014 Farm Bill was defeated on the floor of the House before eventually passing. My advice is to continue your crop

USDA’s Final Peanut Crop Estimate for 2021 Area Harvested 2021

2020

Production

2020

Alabama

183.0

3,400

311,100

Arkansas

38.0

35.0

4,800

5,000

91,200

87,500

(1,000 Acres)

2021

2020

(Pounds/Acre)

2021

(Tons)

Florida

166.0

162.0

3,400

3,650

282,200

295,650

Georgia

805.0

750.0

4,120

4,450

1,658,300

1,668,750

Mississippi

22.0

17.0

4,400

4,200

48,400

35,700

N. Mexico

5.25

11.0

2,850

2,600

7,410

14,300

N. Carolina

106.0

114.0

3,900

4,350

204,750

247,950

14.0

15.0

4,220

4,400

34,540

33,000

Oklahoma S. Carolina

80.0

66.0

3,700

4,200

148,000

138,600

Texas

170.0

162.0

2,850

3,600

242,250

291,600

Virginia US TOTAL

27.0

30.0

4,150

4,700

56,025

70,500

1,615.2

1,545.0

3,813

4,135

3,079,175

3,194,650

rotation; you want to make the best yields now and in the future. Order your peanut seed. Meet with buying points and shellers to negotiate a profitable contract. Avoid expensive inputs if possi-

In a world of uncertainty, we’re on solid ground. We’ve weathered our share of storms, but nothing can shake our commitment to providing you with personal, dedicated service. That’s the Triangle difference.

TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

Yield

State

ble, but supply what the crop needs to avoid bigger problems later in the season. Support political action committees who are meeting with Farm Bill leaders. Pray for rain and an end to the pandemic. PG

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triangleins.com

FEBRUARY 2022 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

Liming Purpose And Options

eanuts are known to be good scavengers of many nutrients in the soil. However, calcium, one of the most critical elements for good pod yield, must be applied so it can be absorbed through the hull of developing pods. Lime or gypsum are the two sources of calcium used in peanut. If an increase in pH is needed, a lime source can be surface applied months in advance for gradual breakdown into the soil solution. Lime should be added if the soil pH is below 5.8, with the target pH being 6.2–6.5. If lime is needed, both dolomitic or calcitic lime can be used. Both types increase pH and reduce soil acidity. Calcitic lime is derived from deposits of primarily calcium carbonate. If magnesium is needed, a dolomitic lime can be selected, because it has higher concentrations of magnesium, as it is sourced from deposits containing both calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Lime Needs Time Lime needs time to solubilize, so applications must be made prior to planting for reactions to occur in the soil and for optimal plant uptake by the time plants need it during reproduction. In deep-turned soil, applying lime beforehand will enhance distribution and raise pH faster in the root zone. If a lime source is surface applied after planting peanut, it will not have time to raise the pH or be fully available for calcium uptake by pods. The two key factors used to compare materials used to raise soil pH are calcium carbonate equivalent and particle size. The calcium carbonate equivalent standard is set at 100 (pure calcite). In comparison, common ag lime averages approximately 75% to 100% of pure calcite (calcium carbonate equivalent = 75 to 100). If your product has a calcium carbonate equivalent of 50, you will need to apply twice as much to meet your soil report liming recommendation. Table 1 provides calcium carbonate equivalent estimates of common liming materials that may be available in your area. Use this information as a guide but request the specific calcium carbonate equivalent, particularly of alternative liming materials, from supply dealers for final consideration and application calculations. Particle Size Matters The particle size distribution is also important. Liming sources with finer particles will react with moisture in the soil and affect soil pH more quickly. Conversely, products with larger-sized particles will take longer to affect soil pH. Particle size is measured by passing the product through a mesh screen. Bigger numbers correspond to finer mesh and smaller particles. For a faster reaction time, you want a greater proportion of particles to pass through 50 mesh (50 openings per inch). In comparison, particles larger than 20 mesh (0.03 inch diameter) will likely provide little to no liming ability.

10 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

Table 1: Common liming materials Liming materials Calcite (pure)

Typical CCE (%) 100

Limestone (calcitic)

75-100

Limestone (dolomitic)

75-108

Aragonite

95-100

Hydrated lime, Ca(OH2)

120-136

Marl Burned lime, CaO

50-90 178

Flue ash or dust

60-80

Wood ash

30-70

Basic slag

50-70

Combining the attributes of calcium carbonate equivalent and particle size is called the effective calcium carbonate equivalent or relative neutralizing value. If available, this value is the best estimate of liming power for your field. Generally, many states use a wet sieving method to determine percent of material that passes through three or more different sieve sizes to help determine effective calcium carbonate equivalent. In Florida, lime material suppliers must provide calcium carbonate equivalent and list the required tonnage needed to be equal to 1 ton of standard liming material, which is the equivalent application rate already determined for you. Standard Definitions Other minimum guarantees include a maximum of 15% moisture, and a “standard liming material” must have a calcium carbonate equivalent of at least 90%. Other liming materials not labeled as “standard” must have at least 75% calcium carbonate equivalent. A calcitic liming material must be comprised of at least 70% calcium carbonate and the remaining calcium carbonate equivalent will be from magnesium carbonate. In dolomitic liming material, at least 30% will be magnesium carbonate and the remainder calcitic carbonate. Pelletized lime tends to be finely ground. A greater proportion of the pelleted material passed through 100 mesh (prior to being pelletized). Florida regulations require the label to state how much of this material is equivalent to 1 ton of “standard liming material.” These materials can typically be applied at a rate approximately 10% to 20% less than standard liming materials, or perhaps 30% to 40% less than non-standard liming materials that have a minimum calcium carbonate equivalent of 75%. However, the finer ground the liming material, the less longevity it may have in the field. PG Article by Cheryl Mackowiak, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences soil scientist, North Florida Research and Education Center in Quincy. PEANUTGROWER.COM

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* Thimet® Insecticide reduces the risk of leaf spot in peanuts according to the Peanut Disease Risk Index from the Southeastern United States. ©2021 AMVAC Chemical Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of American Vanguard Corporation. All rights reserved. AMVAC, Thimet and respective logos are trademarks owned by AMVAC Chemical Corporation. Peanut Rx is jointly owned by the Universities of Georgia, Florida, Auburn and Mississippi. Thimet is a restricted use pesticide. Important: Always read and follow label instructions. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your state agency responsible for pesticide registration to ensure registration status. All products are EPA registered. A298-070011 11/21

2022

VARIETY GUIDE

ariety selection is one of the most important decisions in peanut production. Field history, irrigation, planting and harvest capabilities, seed availability, seed quality and marketing opportunities are all factors that affect selection. Most varieties now offer some level of resistance to multiple diseases. The best choice is one that will achieve a rapid, uniform stand and provide good yield and grade over a wide range of growing conditions. On a field-by-field basis and considering these factors, select the variety or varieties that would best fit into your production system.

ed in 2021. Florida-07: This medium-to-late runner market-type peanut variety was released by the University of Florida. It has shown excellent yield potential with good grades. Seed are larger; for this reason, gypsum is recommended for additional calcium. It has good to excellent resistance to TSWV, some white mold resistance and tolerance to leaf spot. Florida-07 has high-oleic oil chemistry with good to excellent roasting, blanching and processing characteristics. FloRun™ ‘331’: This high-yielding, medium maturity, disease-tolerant runner-type variety was released by the University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Marianna, in 2016. It has medium runner seed size with very good grades. FloRun™ ‘331’ has had excellent pod yield in both irrigated and non-irrigated trials over several seasons of testing across several locations in Florida. Of the runner-type varieties tested for resistance to leaf spots and white mold, FloRun™ ‘331’ has had among the best pod yield and lowest disease scores. It is moderately resistant to tomato spotted wilt. FloRun™ ‘331’ has high-oleic oil chemistry beneficial for extended shelf life and marketability of peanuts and peanut products. Georgia-06G: A high-yielding, large-seeded, runner-type variety, Georgia-06G was developed at the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-06G has an interme-

RUNNER-TYPE VARIETIES AG-18: This is a high-yielding, high-grading, high-oleic runner-type peanut cultivar released from Texas A&M AgriLife Research with good resistance to Sclerotinia blight (Sclerotinia minor (Jagger)). It exhibits yield and grade attributes equal or better than Georgia-06G and Georgia-09B and has increased consistency compared to Tamrun OL11. AG-18 seed is smaller than Tamrun OL11 and similar to Florunner. No difference was noted in flavor analysis between AG-18 and Tamrun OL11. AU-NPL 17: This high-oleic runner-type peanut was released by Auburn University and the National Peanut Research Lab in 2017. It is a high-yielding, tomato spotted wilt virus-resistant cultivar with tolerance to leaf spot. Seed will be somewhat limit-

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Georgia, 2018-2021. Variety

Irrigated Average (lbs./A) 2021

2-Yr

3-Yr

4-Yr

Dryland Average (lbs./A) 2021

2-Yr

3-Yr

Combined Average (lbs./A) 4-Yr

2021

2-Yr

3-Yr

4-Yr

AU-NPL 17

5,339

4,748

5,430

5,331

4,918

4,567

4,380

4,156

5,128

4,657

4,905

4,744

FloRunTM ‘331’

5,716

5,200

5,910

6,015

5,007

4,902

4,775

4,683

5,362

5,051

5,343

5,349

Georgia Greener

5,574

5,163

5,457

5,477

4,717

4,542

4,350

4,240

5,145

4,852

4,904

4,858

Georgia-06G

6,175

5,480

5,862

5,878

4,787

4,557

4,517

4,450

5,481

5,019

5,189

5,164

Georgia-07W

5,424

4,976

5,451

5,570

4,869

4,686

4,534

4,427

5,147

4,831

4,993

4,999

Georgia-09B

5,525

5,002

5,605

5,699

4,620

4,365

4,265

4,193

5,073

4,684

4,935

4,946

Georgia-12Y

5,809

5,364

6,101

6,050

5,455

5,015

4,751

4,629

5,632

5,190

5,426

5,340

Georgia-14N

5,251

4,778

5,270

5,319

4,860

4,572

4,185

4,231

5,055

4,675

4,728

4,775

Georgia-16HO

5,292

4,952

5,570

5,601

4,804

4,706

4,658

4,525

5,048

4,829

5,114

5,063

Georgia-18RU

5,769

5,307

5,888

5,980

4,907

4,752

4,534

4,517

5,338

5,029

5,211

5,248

Georgia-20VHO

5,357

4,903

5,378

5,344

4,642

4,523

4,367

4,277

4,999

4,713

4,872

4,811

Tifguard

4,881

4,509

4,879

5,001

4,218

4,165

4,098

4,079

4,550

4,337

4,489

4,540

TifNV-High O/L

5,049

4,729

5,174

5,256

4,433

4,369

4,171

4,206

4,741

4,549

4,672

4,731

TUFRunnerTM ‘297’

5,382

4,953

5,510

5,504

4,776

4,669

4,588

4,432

5,079

4,811

5,049

4,968

Average*

5,458

5,012

5,543

5,573

4,753

4,582

4,452

4,360

5,106

4,797

4,997

4,967

Average includes experimental lines not included on this chart. Source: Dr. Daniel Mailhot, Public Service Assistant, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

12 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

PEANUTGROWER.COM

2022 VARIETY GUIDE Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Texas. Lubbock (lbs./A)

Variety

Haskell (lbs./A)

Collingsworth (lbs./A)

Erath (lbs./A)

Frio County (lbs./A)

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

ACI 080

3650

5100

4260

3707

3402

3995

ACI 476

2953

5016

4421

3764

3459

3889

ACI 789

5610

6119

4105

3283

4330

4351

AG18

2901

2932

5833

5162

4818

5191

4615

6230

5767

5621

GA 09B

4147

3694

4975

4840

3642

4600

2982

5184

5156

5436

GA16HO

1864

2487

4069

4404

4051

5046

3207

5877

4761

4474

IPG 4944

4155

3933

4765

4060

3807

4924

4802

4924

IPG 914

4739

4056

5475

4802

4500

4644

4740

4786

IPG QR-14

4696

3506

5014

4417

4217

4139

3511

5464

4619

4444

Lariat

4356

4064

5397

4870

4635

5343

4725

6602

5098

4839

NemaTAM II

2614

3167

5114

4907

4173

4423

3897

Tamrun OL19

2352

4084

4626

4408

3830

4572

4147

Tamrun OL18L

3493

4734

5336

4317

4291

5473

4311

Average*

3509

3986

4743

4398

4132

4439

3920

5871

5040

4819

Average includes experimental lines not listed on this chart. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura and John Cason, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

diate or decumbent runner growth habit, dark green foliage and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. Georgia-06G combines TSWV resistance with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre. Georgia-09B: A high-yielding, high-oleic, medium-seeded, runner-type peanut variety, Georgia-09B was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-09B has an intermediate runner growth habit and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. It combines high TSWV resistance and high-oleic oil chemistry with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre. Georgia-12Y: This is a high-yielding, TSWV-resistant and white mold-resistant, medium-seeded, runner-type variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton Campus. During three years averaged over multiple locations in Georgia, Georgia-12Y had significantly higher yield, dollar value return per acre and number of seed per pound compared to Georgia10T. However, Georgia-10T grades higher than Georgia-12Y. It is similar to TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

Performance Of Eight Runner Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2019-2021. Variety

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

TSMK (%)

Jumbo (%)

Medium (%)

No. 1 (%)

ACI 789

3020

TUFRunner ‘297’

3019

IPG 914

2936

Georgia-09B

2919

IPG QR-14

2903

TUFRunner ‘727’

2870

Tamrun OL11

2726

ACI 883

2696

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com.

Georgia-10T in its later maturity. Georgia-13M: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV- resistant, small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station. Georgia-13M has a smaller runner seed size. Georgia-13M combines high yield, TSWV resistance with the excellent roasted flavor of Georgia Green and the high-oleic trait for longer shelf life and improved oil quality of peanut products. Georgia-14N: Released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station and developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, this small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety is high-yield-

ing, resistant to spotted wilt and rootknot nematodes, and has high-oleic oil chemistry. In a three-year trial, Georgia14N had significantly less TSWV and total disease incidence, higher yield, grade and dollar value return per acre compared to Tifguard. Georgia-16HO: is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, large-seeded, runner-type peanut variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2016. Georgia-16HO combines high dollar value and TSWV resistance with the high-oleic trait for longer shelf life and improved oil quality of peanut products. Georgia-18RU: This variety was FEBRUARY 2022 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

2022 VARIETY GUIDE ACI Variety Lineup

gResearch Consultants Inc., also known as ACI Seeds, was established in 2001 by Dr. Kim Moore, Peanut Breeder. ACI is a private self-funded peanut variety development program focused on development of high yielding, high oleic, disease resistant, varieties for all growing regions of the U.S. ACI is currently developing varieties of all market types. For more information on ACI Seeds’ variety selections, contact Mark Carden, director of agronomic & commercial services, at 229805-0044 or email mark.carden@aciseeds.com.

RUNNER MARKET TYPES ACI 3321 is a large-seeded, high-oleic runner peanut. ACI 3321 is a top-yielding variety for ACI Seeds and in state testing in Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina. It has a high level of TSWV resistance, best-in-class white mold resistance and very good leaf spot resistance. ACI 3321 has demonstrated stability across diverse production areas and is well adapted to irrigated and dry-land production. This variety has been granted protection under the Plant Variety Protection Act. ACI1c212 is a large-seeded, high-oleic runner peanut. It yields comparable to Georgia-06G and Georgia 12Y. ACI1c212 has a high level of TSWV resistance, good white mold resistance and good leaf spot resistance. Plant variety protection has been filed for this variety. ACI 476 is an early maturing high-yielding, high-oleic runner peanut. It can mature in 140 days in West Texas. It has a runner growth habit, dark green foliage and an erect main stem with a moderate canopy. Excellent germination and early vigor is associated with this variety in addition to early row closure promoting moisture conservation and reduction of weed competition in twin-row production systems. Main stems are typically evident at the end of the season to assist in digging operations. Compared to other varieties, ACI 476 produces a higher percentage of medium size kernels having a light pink seed coat color and a smoother surface. ACI trials and seed increases have demonstrated that ACI 476 can produce average yields in excess of 5,000 pounds per acre when grown under optimum conditions. Plant variety protection has been filed for this variety. ACI 198 is an early maturing, high-oleic runner market-type peanut variety developed in West Texas. In the Southeast, its maturity has ranged from 115 to 125 days after planting. It has runner growth habit with sparse branching and an erect main stem with a moderately dense canopy. Excellent germination and early vigor are associated with this variety. Because of sparse branching, this

released by the Georgia Agriculture Experiment Station in 2018. It is a high-yielding, TSWV-resistant and leaf-scorch-resistant, medium-large seeded runner variety. Georgia-18RU has the highest percent total sound mature kernels (grade) and the lowest number of seed per pound compared to Georgia-06G in five years of testing over multiple locations. It has similar roasted flavor, blanchability and maturity as Georgia-06G. Lariat: This is a high-oleic runner variety developed by U.S. Department of Agriculture Agriculture Research Service in conjunction with the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and the Oklahoma Peanut Commission released in 2016. This variety exhibits medium maturity at about 140 days. Lariat is 14 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

variety performs well in twin-row planting patterns. It has Plant Variety Protection. ACI 789 is a high-oleic runner variety with a high percentage of medium kernels. The variety matures in about 135 days in South Georgia and 150 days in West Texas. It has good resistance to TSWV. This variety has very good peg strength giving flexibility during harvesting when weather conditions delay digging and/or picking. ACI 789 has demonstrated stability and success across many U.S. and international peanut production areas. It has Plant Variety Protection. ACI N104 is a high oleic runner peanut variety with pod and kernel size and shape similar to Georgia 06G. It has high levels of resistance to TSWV, white mold and leaf spot. It also has excellent resistance to the peanut nematode M. arenaria. Plant variety protection has been filed for this variety. ACI 222 is a high oleic runner peanut with multiple disease resistance. It was developed in South Georgia and is well suited for the disease pressure in the region. It is a large-seeded runner with a high percentage shellout. It can yield 5,500 pounds per acre. Plant variety protection has been filed for this variety. ACI 080 is a high oleic early maturing runner market type. It was developed and selected in the West Texas growing region. It can be grown where TSWV pressure is low. Under optimum conditions in the Southwest, it can yield over 6,500 pounds per acre. This variety has medium kernel size and has a high percentage shellout. It can mature at 135 days in the Southwest and 115 days in the Southeast. Plant variety protection has been filed for this variety.

SPANISH MARKET TYPES Span 17 is a high-yielding, high-oleic Spanish runner hybrid with runner plant type and Spanish seed and pod characteristics for the Southwest growing region. It has small round Spanish-type kernels with a smooth seed coat. It has a pink seed coat color and a Spanish pod shape similar to TamSpan90. ACI trials and seed increase fields demonstrate that this variety is producing average yields at and above 5,500 pounds per acre when grown under optimum conditions in West Texas. The variety shows moderate resistance to TSWV and moderate resistance to leaf spot. SPAN 17 is an early maturing at 120-130 days with an average planting seed count of 757 per pound. This variety has been granted protection under the Plant Variety Protection Act.

VIRGINIA MARKET TYPES ACI 351 is a high-yielding large-seeded Virginia variety developed in West Texas. It is high oleic and has a high percentage of extra-large kernels and jumbo pods. It has good pod shape and color for the in-shell markets as well. In ACI trials and grower production, it has produced yields of more than 5,500 pounds per acre. This variety has been granted protection under the Plant Variety Protection Act.

the result of varietal crossing with Red River Runner to increase disease resistance and yield and to improve seed germination. Lariat has demonstrated resistance to Sclerotinia blight and pod rot. Seed size is medium to large. NemaTAM II: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic fatty acid, runner-type peanut cultivar with resistance to root-knot nematodes. Developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, this cultivar has the nematode resistance of Webb cultivar, but with less vine growth for better harvestability. NemaTAM II maintains the resistance to root-knot nematodes equal to Webb with equal or better yield and increased grade potential. NemaTAM II has shorter canopy than Webb for easier digging and inverting. PEANUTGROWER.COM

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2022 VARIETY GUIDE International Peanut Group

nternational Peanut Group is a private seed company that develops and releases new peanut varieties, as well as conducting other related research. IPG partners with Algrano Peanuts, a grower-owned sheller in West Texas and New Mexico, to produce and sell commercial seed. For more information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or 806-522-6422, or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com or Jim Gregory at jim.gregory@ algranopeanuts.com. RUNNER-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 789: A medium-maturity, high-oleic, runner-type variety with excellent yield potential and adaptation for production in all regions of the U.S. This variety was released by AgResearch Consultants, Inc. It has moderate resistance to early leaf spot and TSWV and excellent yield and grade, with a very consistent plant type and seed size distribution. IPG 914: An early/medium-maturing, high-oleic, large-seeded, runner-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the U.S. Mid-South and Southwest. This variety was released by International Peanut Group and combines earlier maturity with strong yield and grade potential. It has moderate tolerance to the leaf spot complex and TSWV, but is susceptible to Diplodia collar rot. IPG 914 has also proven to be a good commercial option for organic production in the U.S. Southwest. IPG QR-14: An early maturing, high-oleic, runner-type variety with adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest and MidSouth. This variety was released by International Peanut Group. IPG QR-14 combines early maturity with moderate tolerance to the leaf spot complex and reaches harvest maturity in approximately 125-130 days after planting. It also has an excellent shellout percentage and a high proportion of medium-sized kernels. VIRGINIA-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 442: A high-yielding, high-oleic, Virginia-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest. This variety was released by AgResearch Consultants, Inc. and combines high-oleic seed chemistry with excellent yield potential with a high proportion of fancy pods. ACI 442 has a bright hull color and reaches harvest maturity in approximately 140-145 days after

16 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

Performance Of 10 Peanut Cultivars In Certified Organic Field Locations In Gaines and Terry Counties, Texas in 2019-2021. Variety

Market Type

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

28-Day Plant Stand* (no./row foot)

Maturity

IPG 3628

Spanish

Early

3382

2.8

IPG 914

Runner

Medium

3040

1.9

IPG QR-14

Runner

Medium

2845

2.5

AT-9899

Spanish

Early

2807

2.0

Tamnut OL06

Spanish

Early

2707

2.8

IPG 1288

Valencia

Early

2685

2.4

ACI 442

Virginia

Medium

2661

1.2

IPG 464

Virginia

Medium

2642

1.7

ACI 236

Spanish

Early

2614

2.5

Valencia C

Valencia

Early

1892

3.3

Planting seed density was approximately 5 seed per row-foot.

planting. It has limited disease resistance, so it is best suited for production in semi-arid climates like the U.S. Southwest. IPG 464: An early maturing, high-oleic, super-jumbo, Virginia-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest. This variety was released by International Peanut Group as a specialty Virginia variety with a high proportion of both super-jumbo pods and super-ELKs. IPG 464 reaches harvest maturity in approximately 135-140 days after planting. It is best suited for production in semi-arid climates; however, it is also resistant to groundnut rosette virus.

SPANISH-TYPE VARIETIES: ACI 236: A high-yielding, high-oleic, Spanish-type variety with excellent adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest and other semi-arid climates. This variety was released by AgResearch Consultants, Inc. ACI 236 has a prostrate growth habit, excellent shellout, and a high proportion of jumbo-sized kernels. The variety also has excellent early-season vigor and reaches harvest maturity by approximately 120 days after planting. Its vigor and rapid stand establishment also make it a good option for organic production in the U.S. Southwest. IPG 3628: A high-yielding, high-oleic, Spanish-type variety with excellent yield potential and adaptation for the U.S. Southwest and other semi-arid climates. This variety was released by International Peanut Group and combines the elite yield potential characteristic of a prostrate growth habit with the typical Spanish seed size and shape. IPG 3628 also has excellent early-season vigor

and quick stand establishment, which make it a good option for organic production in the U.S. Southwest. It reaches harvest maturity by approximately 125 days after planting and has strong tolerance to late-season Fusarium infestations in the U.S. Southwest.

VALENCIA-TYPE VARIETIES: IPG 274: A next-generation, high-yielding, high-oleic, Valencia-type variety with adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest and other semi-arid climates. IPG 274 was released by International Peanut Group to combine high-oleic seed chemistry with the red-skinned kernels and excellent roasted flavor typical of the Valencia market type. This variety reaches harvest maturity in approximately 120-125 days after planting and has a prostrate growth habit; yield and grade potential are excellent. This variety is best suited for shelled Valencia markets. IPG 1288: A next-generation, high-yielding, high-oleic, Valencia-type variety with adaptation for production in the U.S. Southwest and other semi-arid climates, as well as more humid environments. IPG 1288 was released by International Peanut Group. This variety reaches harvest maturity in approximately 120-125 days after planting and has a prostrate growth habit; yield and grade potential are excellent and it is also resistant to groundnut rosette virus. This variety is best suited for shelled Valencia markets and has excellent roasted flavor. PEANUTGROWER.COM

2022 VARIETY GUIDE Agronomic Comparison Of Runner And Virginia Varieties With And Without Irrigation, 2017, 2018 And 2020 In Capron And Suffolk, Virginia, And Rocky Mount, North Carolina. With Irrigation Variety

Yield (lbs./A)

SMK (%)

TSMK (%)

Without Irrigation Value ($/A)

Yield (lbs./A)

SMK (%)

TSMK (%)

Value ($/A)

Bailey

5287

962

5133

933

Bailey II

5437

994

5002

907

Emery

5622

1035

5036

924

Florida-07

4857

823

4218

730

FloRun ‘107’

4667

805

4204

729

Florunner

4300

715

4021

677

GA-09B

5042

910

4613

820

Sugg

5329

968

4748

875

Sullivan

5210

946

4617

825

TUFRunner ‘297’

4877

852

4798

826

TUFRunner ‘511’

5102

888

4705

818

Walton

5110

938

5008

901

Wynne

4900

873

4495

805

Average

5057

901

4661

828

Source: Dr. Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech.

Tamrun OL11: A high-yielding, high-oleic, runner-type peanut cultivar developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It has improved resistance to Sclerotinia minor and improved grade over previously released runner-type cultivars that are resistant to S. minor. Tamrun OL11 is specifically developed for the West Texas growing region. Tamrun OL18L: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early maturing runner-type peanut cultivar that was released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research with a larger than average seed size. Its maturity is comparable to Tamrun OL12, which is 14 days earlier maturing than Flavor Runner 458. Yield was similar to Georgia-09B, but was higher than Tamrun OL11. The seed size was similar to Tamrun OL07 and Webb. No differences in flavors were noted in analysis between Tamrun OL18L and the check cultivars. Tamrun OL19: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early maturing runner-type peanut cultivar that was released from Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It is approximately seven days earlier maturing than Tamrun OL07 and seven days later than Tamrun OL12 in five years of testing. Yield was similar to Georgia-09B but was higher than Tamrun OL11. The seed size is similar to Tamrun OL11 but larger than Georgia-09B. No differences in flavors were noted in the flavor analysis between Tamrun OL18L and check cultivars. Tifguard: Developed by USDA’s Agriculture Research Service in Tifton, Georgia, Tifguard has resistance to nematodes so as to be characterized as “near immunity.” It offers good yields and grades, especially in places where there would be no yield from other varieties. It offers good resistance to TSWV, and maturity is similar to Georgia Green. TifNV-HighO/L: Released by USDA-ARS, in Tifton, this variety has the near immunity to nematodes as Tifguard with the high-oleic oil trait. It also has resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. It is similar to Tifguard in plant and seed characteristics. TWITTER: @PEANUTGROWER

TUFRunner™ ‘297’: Developed by the University of Florida, this variety is an extra-large seeded runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. Released in 2014, this variety has

FEBRUARY 2022 • THE PEANUT GROWER /

2022 VARIETY GUIDE demonstrated very good resistance to white mold, good resistance to TSWV but is susceptible to leaf spot. Yield and grade have been excellent. It has a prominent center stem with semi-prostate growth habit. TUFRunner™ ‘511’: This University of Florida released variety is a large-seeded, medium-maturity runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. It has very good resistance to white mold and moderate resistance to TSWV. Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ have been excellent. The seed size is similar to Georgia-06G with a similar outturn of medium, No. 1 and jumbo kernels. The growth habit of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ is prostrate with a good center stem. TUFRunner™ ‘727’: This is a medium- to medium-late maturing (135-145 days), high-oleic, runner market-type peanut cultivar with very good resistance to white mold, resistance to TSWV and some resistance to late leaf spot. It has a prostrate, runner growth habit with large vines and large runner seed size. Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘727’ have been excellent.

ket-type peanut with tolerance to Cylindrocladium black rot, Sclerotinia blight, tomato spotted wilt virus and stem rot. Bailey II was released in 2017 and is the high-oleic version of Bailey. This variety is currently in seed increase and will not be readily available for a couple of years. Emery: Emery is a high-oleic large-seeded Virginia-type cultivar with alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit and medium green foliage. Emery has approximately 67% jumbo and 24% fancy pods, and seeds with tan seed coat averaging 940 mg seed-1 (480 seed lb-1). Emery is partially resistant to three of the four major regional diseases: leaf spot, Sclerotinia blight and tomato spotted wilt virus, but it should be considered susceptible to Cylindrocladium black rot. Emery has bright pods and flavor comparable with runner-type standards. Yields and the number of days to maturity are similar with Bailey (145 days). Georgia-11J: This is a high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWVresistant, large-podded and large-seeded, Virginia-type peanut variety. Georgia-11J has the high-oleic and low-linoleic fatty acid ratio for improved oil quality. Georgia-11J is similar to Georgia08V, another high-oleic Virginia-type variety, in having low TSWV disease incidence, high pod yield, high total sound mature kernel grade percentage and high dollar value return per acre. Sullivan: A release by North Carolina State University,

VIRGINIA-TYPE VARIETIES Bailey: Bailey is a medium- to large-seeded and high-yielding Virginia-type peanut. It produces high yields across multiple years and locations, which is an indication of good tolerance to fluctuations of weather and growth conditions. Bailey has a growth habit intermediate between runner and bunch types, bright pods and tan kernel color. More importantly, it is resistant to TSWV and thrips. It matures in approximately 145 DAP, just a little after CHAMPS, but it holds pods much better than CHAMPS if picked later. Bailey II: Like Bailey, Bailey II is a large-seeded Virginia mar-

Performance Of Five Virginia Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2019-2021. IN-SHELL Variety

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

TSMK (%)

Super-Jumbo (%)

SHELLED

Jumbo (%)

Fancy (%)

Super-ELK (%)

ELK (%)

Medium (%)

No. 1 (%)

ACI 442

3799

Wynne

3584

IPG 464

3437

Sugg

3345

Florida Fancy

3309

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com.

Yield Performance Of Virginia-Type Varieties In Texas. Variety

Lubbock (lbs./A) 2021

Haskell (lbs./A)

Collingsworth (lbs./A)

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

Erath (lbs./A) 2021

Frio County (lbs./A) 2-yr

2021

2-yr

ACI 442

3772

3912

5907

4496

4077

4594

Contender

2091

2109

5188

3324

3842

4737

6134

4626

4564

IPG 464

2805

2980

4947

3306

3902

Wynne

2439

4411

4329

3067

Average*

2674

2953

5053

4721

3312

3800

4800

6286

4153

4695

Average includes experimental lines not listed on this chart. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura and John Cason, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

18 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

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2022 VARIETY GUIDE Agronomic Performance Of Virginia-Type Cultivars In The Peanut Variety And Quality Evaluation Testing Program, Suffolk, Virginia, And Williamston, North Carolina 2017-2020. Dig I (early)

Dig II (optimal)

Dig I (early)

Dig II (optimal)

Yield (lbs/A)

Value ($/A)

Yield (lbs/A)

Value ($/A)

Fancy pods (%)

Super ELK

Sound mature kernels

Total meat

Fancy pods (%)

Super ELK

Sound mature kernels

Total meat

Bailey

5346

956

5857

1090

Bailey II

5401

993

5889

1100

Emery

5139

954

6133

1102

NC20

5137

888

6231

1093

Sullivan

4892

847

5441

960

Variety

Walton

5124

881

6029

1102

Wynne

4647

764

5605

995

Average

5098

898

5884

1063

Dig 1: Dug approximately two weeks earlier than optimum maturity (Dig 2). Source: Dr. Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech.

Yield Performance Of Virginia-Type Varieties In Georgia, 2018-2021. Variety

Irrigated Average (lbs./A) 2021

2-Yr

Dryland Average (lbs./A)

Combined Average (lbs./A)

3-Yr

4-Yr

2021

2-Yr

3-Yr

4-Yr

2021

2-Yr

3-Yr

4-Yr

Bailey II

4,489

4,021

4,747

4,792

4,214

3,859

3,832

3,763

4,351

3,940

4,289

4,278

Georgia-11J

5,463

5,076

5,732

5,791

5,111

4,771

4,226

4,199

5,287

4,923

4,979

4,995

Georgia-19HP

5,545

5,048

5,621

5,661

4,623

4,429

4,332

4,433

5,084

4,738

4,977

5,047

Sullivan

4,029

3,659

4,149

4,228

3,861

3,535

3,390

3,359

3,945

3,597

3,770

3,793

TifJumbo

5,645

5,072

5,816

5,031

4,756

4,672

5,338

4,914

5,244

Wynne

4,018

3,785

4,303

3,856

3,583

3,499

3,937

3,684

3,901

Average

4,865

4,443

5,061

4,997

4,449

4,155

3,992

3,873

4,657

4,299

4,527

4,435

All tests are planted using 6 seeds per linear foot with 36 inches between rows. Seed for Bailey II, Sullivan, and Wynn donated by Severn Peanut Company, Windsor, NC. * Average includes experimental lines not included on this chart. Source: Dr. Daniel Mailhot, Public Service Assistant, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

Sullivan is a high-oleic Virginia-type cultivar with alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit and medium green foliage. It was developed from a cross with a sister line of Bailey, and it has partial resistance to early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV. Sullivan has approximately 45 percent jumbo pods and 40% fancy pods, and seed are tan with seed coat averaging 931 mg seed-1. Yields and the number of days to maturity are similar with Bailey (145 days). Walton: Walton was tested as line 08x09-3-14-1 and jointly released in 2019 by the University of Florida and Virginia Tech. It is a Virginia-type peanut with good agronomic performance compared with Bailey, Emery and Bailey II under normal production, but with superior performance under extreme water conditions. Seeds are elongated in shape and seed testa color is light pink to pink. It has dark green foliage and intermediate growth habit. The main stem is not distinguishable from the lateral branches. Walton is a high-oleic line with resistance to leaf spot and TSWV, and it was developed for the V-C region. Seed will become available after the 2021 growing season. Wynne: Plants of the Wynne variety resemble Sullivan. It has partial resistance to early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV and has the high oleic characteristic. The percentage of jumbo pods is 68 and fancy pods 21 for this cultivar. Seeds have 20 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

a pink seed coat and average 1051 mg seed-1. Like Sullivan, Wynne has yields and maturity similar to Bailey but is significantly higher than CHAMPS, Gregory, NC-V11, Perry and Phillips.

SPANISH OLin: A high-oleic medium maturity Spanish-type peanut developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. It has Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance, and seed size is comparable Tamspan 90. Pod and seed sizes are slightly smaller than Tamspan 90 with Performance Of Five Spanish Peanut Cultivars In Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2019-2021. Jumbo (%)

No. 1 (%)

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

TSMK (%)

IPG 3628

3342

AT-9899

2956

Variety

ACI 236

2872

OLin

2473

Tamnut OL06

2442

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ipgseed.com. PEANUTGROWER.COM

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2022 VARIETY GUIDE Yield Performance Of Spanish-Type Varieties In Texas. Lubbock (lbs./A)

Variety

Haskell (lbs./A)

Collingsworth (lbs./A) 2021

Erath (lbs./A)

2-yr

2021

Frio County (lbs./A)

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

ACI 236

2396

2374

4077

3859

2074

2282

AT 9899

3014

5149

3054

3690

IPG 3628

3946

3568

6055

5110

4025

4466

3734

OLè

3389

2810

5545

4358

3110

2978

3936

5199

3274

3675

SPan17

4365

5166

5929

4259

3507

4282

3500

5745

2519

Average*

3422

3480

5351

4396

3066

3195

3709

5472

3176

3675

Average includes experimental lines not listed on this chart. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura and John Cason, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

occasional three-seeded pods. The yield of OLin will be slightly less than Tamspan 90, but grades will be slightly higher. Schubert: A high-yielding, high-oleic, early-maturing Spanish-type cultivar with improved shellout. It was developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. Schubert matures approximately one to two weeks earlier than OLin and has significantly higher yield and grade. Resistance to Sclerotinia minor was comparable to Tamspan 90. Tamnut OL06: A high-yielding, large-seeded, high-oleic, Spanish-type peanut cultivar released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. Maturity and Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) resistance data indicate it is equal to that of Tamspan 90 and OLin. Tamnut OL06 exhibits improved yield of 10% over OLin.

Performance Of Three Valencia Peanut Cultivars in Terry And Yoakum Counties, Texas, 2019-2021. Variety

Pod Yield (lbs./A)

TSMK (%)

Jumbo (%)

Medium (%)

No. 1 (%)

IPG 274

3094

IPG 1288

2996

Valencia C

2303

For information on IPG varieties, call 806-632-3068 or email Mark Gregory at mark.gregory@ ipgseed.com.

Yield Performance Of Valencia-Type Varieties In Georgia, Irrigated, 2018-2021. Variety

2021 (lbs./A)

2-Yr (lbs./A)

3-Yr (lbs./A)

4-Yr (lbs./A)

Georgia-VAL/HO

4,118

3,668

3,911

3,847

Georgia Valencia

3,815

3,108

3,165

3,036

VALENCIA

Georgia Red

3,523

3,174

3,370

3,345

TamVal OL14: A high yielding, high-oleic Valencia-type peanut cultivar developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research. The release represents the first high-oleic cultivar in the Valencia-type market class. TamVal OL14 has exhibited moderate resistance to Sclerotinia minor (Jagger) and has averaged 600 pounds per acre increased yield over New Mexico Valencia C in four years of testing. PG

H & W Val. 136

2,602

1,974

2,102

2,094

N. M. Val. C

2,819

2,207

2,310

2,256

N. M. Val. A

2,831

2,134

2,189

2,179 2,334

TAM Val. OL14

2,916

2,378

2,364

H & W Val. 118

2,614

2,218

2,449

2,481

Average

3,074

2,525

2,646

2,614

All tests are planted using 6 seeds per linear foot with 36 inches between rows. Spanish and Valencia varieties are only tested under irrigated conditions.

Yield Performance Of Valencia-Type Varieties In Texas. Lubbock (lbs./A)

Variety

Haskell (lbs./A)

2021

2-yr

IPG 1288

4435

TamVal OL14

2901

Valencia 309 Valencia 310 Average

Collingsworth (lbs./A)

Erath (lbs./A)

Frio County (lbs./A)

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

2021

2-yr

3585

4613

4598

3075

3360

2095

4639

3627

3467

5161

4532

2657

3929

2200

4012

1311

2725

2415

4119

2104

3360

3565

3818

3339

2021

2-yr

* Average includes experimental lines not listed on this chart. Source: Drs. Emi Kimura and John Cason, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension.

22 /

THE PEANUT GROWER • FEBRUARY 2022

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Peanut Per Capita Consumption Breaks New Record for Second Year in a Row Pounds per person is 3% higher than previous 2020 record. Thank you for producing a high-quality crop and investing in National Peanut Board programs. It's an industry-wide effort to keep consumption growing — so let's celebrate again and — just like you — get back to work. Visit nationalpeanutboard.org for more details on per capita consumption and National Peanut Board programs. *U.S. Census and USDA Data

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