Peanut grower february 2016

The

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

FEBRUARY 2016

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The

FEBRUARY 2016

PEANUTGROWER ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC

FEBRUARY 2016

THE PEANUT PRODUCER'S MARKETING & PRODUCTION MAGAZINE www.peanutgrower.com

Volume 28 • Number 2

Departments 4

Editor’s Note Not that long ago, yield data started with 3s and 4s

5

News Briefs Is the price of Seg. 2s too low when 97 percent of the load is good?

6

Market Watch To match supply, market usage must increase at faster rate

21 Peanut Pointers Budget for needed inputs; know fertility needs with soil sample

8 Features

8

2016 Variety Guide

Consider yield data and agronomic characteristics when determining the best variety options for your fields and farm.

20 Key Considerations Before Planting Warehouses already brimming with peanuts and the consequences of shortened rotation schemes are two important points going into 2016.

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Southern Production & Marketing Strategies

February 2016

2016 Market Outlook Look for the CornSouth supplement following page 12 in the Alabama, Florida, Georgia and Mississippi versions of The Peanut Grower.

A Supplement to Cotton Farming and The Peanut Grower Magazines

Cover photo by Amanda Huber T WIT TE R: @PE ANUTGROWE R T WIT TE R: @PE ANUTGROWE R

FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

3

EDITORIAL/PRODUCTION Editor Amanda Huber ahuber@onegrower.com Copy Editor Carroll Smith csmith@onegrower.com Art Director Ashley Kumpe

ADMINISTRATION Publisher/Vice President Lia Guthrie (901) 497-3689 lguthrie@onegrower.com Associate Publisher Carroll Smith (901) 326-4443 Sales Manager Scott Emerson (386) 462-1532 semerson@onegrower.com Circulation Manager Charlie Beek (615) 377-3322 Production Manager Kathy Killingsworth (901) 767-4020 kkillingsworth@onegrower.com

For circulation changes or change of address, call (847) 559-7578

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD John Beasley Extension Agronomist Auburn University Dell Cotton Peanut Growers Cooperative Marketing Assn., Franklin, VA Kris Balkcom Agri-Program Associate Auburn University Craig Kvien Coastal Plain Experiment Station,Tifton, GA

Jason Woodward Extension Plant Pathologist Texas A & M University David Jordan Extension Agronomist North Carolina State University Glen Harris Extension Agronomist University of Georgia Jason Ferrell Extension Weed Specialist University of Florida

ONE GROWER PUBLISHING, LLC Mike Lamensdorf President/Treasurer Lia Guthrie Publisher/Vice President The Peanut Grower (ISSN 1042-9379) is an agribusiness magazine for U.S. peanut producers. Published in eight monthly issues, January through July and November. Annual subscriptions are $40.00. Single Copy price is $5.00. Annual overseas subscriptions are $70.00, including Canada/Mexico.

Periodicals postage paid at Memphis, TN. Copyright © 2016 One Grower Publishing, LLC, all rights reserved except where otherwise noted. The Peanut Grower ® is a registered trademark, which reserves all rights granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in association with the registration. POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO OMEDA COMMUNICATIONS, CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT, P.O. BOX 5024, BRENTWOOD, TN 37027.

All statements, including product claims, are those of the person or organization making the statement or claim. The publisher does not adopt any such statement or claim as its own, and any such statement or claim does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the publisher. Printed in the USA.

A Fun Look Back

O

n one wall of my office, shelves run the length of the wall.

On one shelf are boxes holding past issues of The Peanut Grower with one box holding about two-year’s worth. As I was keying in the yield data for the 2016 variety guide, with most numbers starting with 5s and 6s, and even some 7s, I thought of the variety guides back when I was just starting with The Peanut Grower. So I pulled a few off the shelf.

In 2000, producers could expect Amanda Huber about 3,000 pounds per acre, and mayEditor, The Peanut Grower be up to 3,700 pounds per acre, from the varieties AgraTech 201, AgraTech 1-1 and ViruGard. Disease resistance in the variety was scant compared to today’s varieties, but would be critical when tomato spotted wilt virus came roaring onto the scene.

By 2005, Georgia Green was yielding more than 4,000 pounds per acre and most varieties, Georgia 01R, Georgia 03L and C-99R were in the range of 4,000 pounds per acre with some resistance to multiple diseases.

By the end of that decade, yields were around 5,000 pounds per acre, consistently. A full ton more of peanuts had been added in one decade.

Here we are just over half way into the next decade and yields are now above the 6,000 pound per acre level for three- and four-year trial averages. Can another ton be added to the average yield this decade? It looks to be headed in that direction.

However, warehouse space is not keeping pace with what can be done in the field. Market usage, which has greatly increased in the last 15 years, is also not increasing fast enough to keep supply in check. When and where will this bubble burst? Good question, but it can’t be far. Warnings about knowing where peanuts will be stored and not abandoning rotation schemes are the headlines at most production meetings.

Truthfully, it was more fun to look back at what’s been accomplished than it is to look ahead at the next couple years.

One Grower Publishing, LLC, also publishes Cotton Farming, Rice Farming, Soybean South and Corn South.

One Grower Publishing, LLC 6515 Goodman Rd., Box 360, Olive Branch, MS 38654 Phone: 901-767-4020

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THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

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Program Enrollment Now Open

Although a producers’ choice between Price Loss Coverage (PLC) and Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) is completed and remains in effect through 2018, producers must still enroll their farm by signing a contract each year to receive coverage, says Farm Service Agency administrator Val Dolcini. The enrollment period will continue until Aug. 1, 2016.

Producers are encouraged to contact their local FSA office to schedule an appointment to enroll. If a farm is not enrolled during the 2016 enrollment period, producers on that farm will not be eligible for financial assistance from programs should crop prices or farm revenues fall below the historical price or revenue benchmarks established by the program.

Authorized under the 2014 Farm Bill, the programs offer producers a safety net when there is a substantial drop in prices or revenues for covered commodities.

Covered commodities include canola, corn, grain sorghum, oats, peanuts, dry peas, long grain rice, medium grain rice (which includes short grain and sweet rice), sesame, soybeans, sunflower seed, wheat and other crops. Upland cotton is no longer a covered commodity. For more details regarding these programs, go to www.fsa.usda.gov/arc-plc.

Closing A Farm Bill Loophole

USDA has finalized a rule to ensure that farm safety-net payments are issued only to active managers of farms that operate as joint ventures or general partnerships, consistent with the direction and authority provided by Congress in the 2014 Farm Bill. The action, which exempts family farm operations, closes a loophole where individuals who were not actively part of farm management still received payments.

“The federal farm safety-net programs are designed to protect against unanticipated changes in the marketplace for those who actively share in the T WIT TE R: @PE ANUTGROWE R

risk of that farming operation,” said ag secretary Tom Vilsack. “To ensure that help goes to those who genuinely need it, such as America’s farm families, the Farm Bill authorized USDA to close a loophole and limit payments from those not involved on a daily basis in nonfamily farm management.”

Since 1987, the broad definition of “actively engaged” resulted in some general partnerships and joint ventures adding managers to the farming operation, qualifying for more payments, that did not substantially contribute to management. The rule applies to operations seeking more than one farm manager, and requires measureable, documented hours and key management activities each year.

Under certain conditions, some operations may be allowed up to three qualifying managers.

Producers Call For Grading Change

At a public meeting held by the Georgia Federal State Inspection Service, producer Tim Garrett, speaking on behalf of himself and the producer-owned Emanuel Peanut and Grain buying point, asked GAFSIS officials and the Georgia Commissioner of Agriculture for a level playing field when it comes to peanut grading or else “we will not survive,” he said.

The meeting was held to discuss possible reasons for the buying point having 27.3 percent Segregation 2 grades.

T. E. Moye, GAFSIS president, said that staff review the grading procedures and check samples. He said, “We check and double check to make certain that inspectors and supervisors know their responsibility, and if we know there is trouble, we will respond.”

He also noted that it is difficult to assess the situation several months after the grading was done.

Producers said they would support increasing the limit for being graded Seg. 2 for damage from 2.49 percent to 3.49 percent with no change in the final

In Brief: • Selected program stays the same; new enrollment contract needed each year.

• Congress narrows Farm Bill's "actively engaged" definition.

• Producers losing two-thirds of crop value over one percent grade determination.

• Exchange commodity certificates rather than forfeit peanuts.

shelled product. The recommendations have also been endorsed by the Georgia Peanut Commission and the Georgia Farm Bureau Peanut Committee.

Garrett said that if the limit had been 3.49 percent, 60 to 70 percent of the problems would have been eliminated. “It is inconceivable for a farmer to lose two-thirds of the value of their crop because of that one percent.”

Growers suggested a re-evaluation of the price value of $120 per ton for Seg. 2 grades since 97 percent of the peanuts are good peanuts. Other possible causes, including weather, soil types, irrigated versus dry-land, varieties and calcium, for the amount of Seg. 2 grades are being examined.

Commodity Certificates Approved

Beginning with the 2015 crop marketing year, the Secretary of Agriculture may issue commodity certificates on peanuts. Producers are encouraged to purchase the commodity certificates to be exchanged for outstanding loan collateral rather than forfeit the loan collateral, or peanuts, to the Commodity Credit Corporation at loan maturity.

The certificates may be used in acquiring marketing assistance loan commodities pledged to CCC for a commodity loan. FSA is the only location to issue these certificates, and this will assist growers as they reach their payment limit of $125,000 in the peanut program.

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Market usage must increase at a faster rate to keep pace with supply

D

ecisions, decisions, decisions. A producer’s goals include protecting the land and crop potential production with recommended crop rotation, surviving the lowest commodity prices in recent memory while reducing the cost of production so a profit shows at harvest, and then growing quality peanuts for the market and not for the government.

Those are great goals; however, each farmer is different and must evaluate the options and make decisions including all kinds of variables such as weather, cost of production, prices, financing, problems like labor or available equipment.

Evaluating all these options is mind boggling. Congress has recognized that the American food supply is a national security issue and tries to help farmers through times of low prices caused by crop surpluses or disasters. Current farm policy provides a safety net to assist producers when commodity prices are low, which will hopefully encourage them to stay on the farm and keep supplying the world with reliable nutritious food.

Farm Bill Support The Farm Bill has three types of support for peanuts: 1) marketing assistance loans; 2) price loss coverage (PLC); and 3) agriculture risk coverage. For peanuts, 99.7 percent of the 6,500 farms selected PLC as farmers expected higher payments and greater risk protection.

Farmers are reminded to visit their FSA office for program sign-up again, otherwise they will not receive a payment if one is made.

PLC payments are triggered when the annual farm price is below the statutory PLC reference price of $535 per ton.

Payments for PLC are made on 85 percent of the base acres and not current plantings, which help it comply with

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THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

J. Tyron Spearman

Contributing Editor, The Peanut Grower

LEADING MARKETING INDICATORS (As of Jan. 8,2016) 2015 Acreage - Up 20.4% ................................................ 1,615,293 acres 2015 Production Est. .......................................................... 3,086,450 tons 2015 Average Yield Est. ......................................................... 3,996 lbs/A 2015 Production Inspected ............................................. 2,953,368 tons 2015 Market Loan .............................................................. 2,022,503 tons 2015 Market Loan Redeemed (1-06-16 ) .......................... 121,646 tons 2015-16 Domestic Usage (4 Mo.) ............................................... Up 1.0% 2015-16 Exports (3 Mo.) ............................................................... Up 3.5% NATIONAL POSTED PRICE (PER TON) Runners -$424.51, Spanish - $407.34, Valencia and Virginias - $429.28

the World Trade Organization’s rules on market distortion. The 2014 average price of peanuts was $440 per ton, or 22 cents per pound, and resulted in a $95 per-ton payment with a 6.8 percent budget reconciliation reduction for a total of $88.54 per base ton.

What will the 2015 base payment be in October 2016? A recent Congressional Research Report stated that the current outlook for peanut farm prices is $360 per ton, or 18 cents per pound, and that would incur a PLC payment of $175 per ton. Payments only apply to 85 percent of peanut base acres. So look at budget adjustments for a potential $150 per-ton payment as part of the decision equation.

Is The Program Too Costly?

Then again, after a 22 percent increase in acreage last year and a good growing season, the peanut industry has an abundance of cheap peanuts with a carry-forward of more than 1,429,000 tons going into 2016. Producers forfeited over 172,000 tons of 2014 peanuts to the government last year, which forces the Commodity Credit Corporation to sell into

an already flooded market, and about 20,000 tons of 2014 peanuts remain in inventory today.

Government costs continue to rise, some charging that the reference price is set too high, while others believe the switch in the cotton program to generic base, which became mostly peanut base and that must be planted, is increasing program costs. The Congressional Research Report estimated a cost of $446 million for 2015 PLC or about $68,000 per farm, not counting additional costs associated with marketing loan sales, including storage and handling costs.

Domestic Markets Raw-shelled peanuts in products has increased only one percent the first four months, but November was a positive month up 4.2 percent. The big surprise is snack peanuts, up 21.8 percent for the year with a 32.2 percent increase in November. The in-shell market (any repackaged, roasted in shell, salted in shell and raw in shell) showed a 25 percent increase in November, posting 1.6 percent increase for the year.

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Peanut butter, the primary industry product, was positive in November, up 4.2 percent, but down for the fourmonth period at 5.2 percent. If farmers continue to increase production, the market must increase at a faster rate or government surpluses will continue to grow, increasing the cost of the program.

Government purchases, up 74 percent over last year, is proof that the government is doing its share in reducing any surpluses. USDA buys certain beans and walnuts for surplus removal, but for peanuts, they predict a food usage increase of only 2.3 percent for the year.

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Export Markets The National Peanut Board is targeting promotion campaigns to 80 million millennials while continuing to focus on peanut allergy education, outreach and research, hoping to increase consumer confidence in and preference for peanuts.

The American Peanut Council sent trade teams to China and Japan and strongly supports the Trans Pacific Partnership, the approval of which would phase out, or even eliminate immediately, a tariff on U.S. peanuts to Japan and other Asian countries. USDA predicts exports to increase 3.1 percent.

Contracts Early contracts for runner-type peanuts are only $375 per ton. No mention about Virginias or Spanish types. Farmers have been told that agreements with buying points/shellers must include USDA-approved storage to receive a $355 per-ton marketing loan. Some producers are asking how to avoid market gains if USDA lowers the repayment rate to move peanuts out of surplus. Other producers are asking about commodity certificates and how they will be handled by USDA. This will be another interesting year for the peanut market, count on it. PG

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P

eanut varieties of today have resistance to multiple diseases and can usually yield well even under disease pressure. Because of this resistance, producers are encouraged to plant in April once again in order to make sure the crop is fully mature before cold weather hits.

The best variety choice is still one that will achieve a rapid, uniform stand and provide good yields and grades over a wide range of growing conditions. With so many varieties to choose from, careful consideration should go into this part of your planting decision.

Many factors affect the decision of what variety to plant

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THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

including field history, irrigation, planting and harvest capabilities, seed availability and quality and marketing. On a field-by-field basis, weigh all of these factors to determine how the variety may fit into your situation and on your farming operation.

Study the variety descriptions and the trial data. If you are thinking of planting a new variety, follow up by asking questions of researchers and other growers about their experiences with those varieties. Do your homework on variety choices and possible markets to get this season off to a good start. PG

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*Potential number of soil- and/or plant-borne microbes that may exist in a field. Actual numbers may vary based on field size and crop.

Individual results may vary, and performance may vary from location to location and from year to year. This result may not be an indicator of results you may obtain as local growing, soil and weather conditions may vary. Growers should evaluate data from multiple locations and years whenever possible. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS. Monsanto BioAg and Design™, and TagTeam® LCO are registered trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Individual packaging may vary. ©2015 Monsanto Company.

RUNNER-TYPE VARIETIES Florida-07: This medium-to-late runner market-type peanut was released from the University of Florida in 2006. It has shown excellent yield potential with good grades. Seed are larger and, for this reason, gypsum is recommended for additional calcium. It has good-to-excellent resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), some white mold resistance and tolerance to leaf spot. Florida-07 has high-oleic oil chemistry with good-to-excellent roasting, blanching and processing characteristics.

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Tifton, Ga., Non-Irrigated, 2013-2015.

Variety

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

Georgia-06G

5291

4562

6885

77.5

6428

76.0

Georgia-09B Georgia-13M FloRun™ ‘157’

FloRun™ ‘107’: This is a medium-maturity (135 to 140 days) runner-type variety released by the University of Florida. The seed size of FloRun™ ‘107’ is similar to Georgia Greener, and it produces a high percentage of medium kernels in the grading process. The variety has demonstrated very good yields and grades with good resistance to TSWV and moderate resistance to white mold. FloRun™ ‘107’ has high-oleic oil chemistry.

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

FloRun™ ‘157’: A medium-maturity, high oleic, runner-type released by the University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center in Marianna, Fla. in 2015, this variety has small runner seed similar to Georgia Green and produces a high percentage of medium kernels in the grading process. It has moderate resistance to spotted wilt and late leaf spot similar to Georgia-06G and is susceptible to white mold, similar to

Florida-07

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Tifton, Ga., Irrigated, 2013-2015.

Variety

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

Georgia-13M

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

6123

74.5

Georgia-07W

5324

5743

5866

76.0

Georgia Greener

5031

5877

5654

75.0

Georgia-06G

5264

6026

5572

76.0

Georgia-09B

5118

6140

5515

75.5

5964

5357

74.5

TUFRunner™ ‘297’ Georgia-12Y

5838

7058

5288

72.0

TUFRunner™ ‘727’

5149

5724

5100

75.5

FloRun™ ‘107’

5388

5928

5091

71.0

Florida-07

5151

5739

5049

74.5

5930

4998

73.0

4922

74.0

4858

74.0

4501

73.5

TUFRunner™ ‘511’ FloRun™ ‘157’ Tifguard Georgia-14N

5460

5676

Preliminary data as of 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

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THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

Georgia Greener

4449

6407

75.5

4834

4155

6377

74.0

4336

6253

76.0

5016

4242

6241

78.0

4881

6059

75.5

TUFRunner™ ‘511’ Georgia 12-Y

5880

4837

5999

73.0

TUFRunner™ ‘727

5143

4773

5811

75.5

Georgia-07W

5369

4583

5793

77.0

5696

71.0

Tifguard

4628

4262

5611

74.0

FloRun™ ‘107’

4834

4155

5596

73.5

TifNV-HighO/L

4309

5551

74.5

Georgia-14N

5285

5415

74.0

Preliminary data on 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus.

Georgia-09B. FloRun™ ‘157’ matured in about 140 days under irrigation. Yield potential and grade have been excellent. Seed supply is limited to seed increase and likely will not be available for commercial production until after the 2017 season.

Georgia-02C: Released in 2002 as a new high-oleic runner-type cultivar, Georgia-02C can have later maturity than Georgia Green with seed and pod size slightly larger. This variety has a spreading runner growth habit, with excellent TSWV and CBR resistance.

Georgia-06G: A high-yielding, large-seeded, runner-type variety, Georgia-06G was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-06G has an intermediate or decumbent runner growth habit, dark green foliage and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. Georgia-06G combines high TSWV resistance with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre.

Georgia-07W: High-yielding, TSWV and white mold resistant, runner-type variety, Georgia-07W was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV and white mold. Georgia-07W has a runner growth habit, dark green foliage and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green. It offers PE ANUTGROWE R .COM

5 TRILLION excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre.

Georgia-09B: A high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, medium-seeded, runner-type peanut variety, Georgia-09B was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-09B has an intermediate runner growth habit and medium maturity, similar to Georgia Green. It combines high TSWV resistance and high-oleic oil chemistry with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre.

Georgia-10T: A high-yielding, high-grading, TSWV-resistant, large-

seeded, runner-type peanut variety, Georgia-10T was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. Georgia-10T has a spreading runner growth habit, dark green foliage and medium-to-late maturity. It should be an excellent variety for an earlier (April) planting option in the Southeast because of its resistance and maturity.

Georgia-12Y: This is a high-yielding, TSWV-resistant and white mold resistant, medium seeded, runner-type variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain

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These are the same microbial components in the triple-action inoculant, TagTeam® LCO, available for use in the peanut market for the first time in 2016.

“We saw more nodules, and the plants were larger, greener and lusher.”

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Discover more about TagTeam LCO for peanuts at MonsantoBioAg.com/Peanuts @MonsantoBioAg

Individual results may vary, and performance may vary from location to location and from year to year. This result may not be an indicator of results you may obtain as local growing, soil and weather conditions may vary.

Growers should evaluate data from multiple locations and years whenever possible. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS. Monsanto BioAg and Design™, and JumpStart®, Optimize®, and TagTeam® are trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Individual packaging may vary. ©2016 Monsanto Company.

T WIT TE R: @PE ANUTGROWE R

FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

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47872 MBA_TagTeam LCO_2ndPeanuts_Testimonial_2_125x10_a4.indd 2016-01-12 9:13 AM 1

Experiment Station, Tifton Campus.

During three years averaged over multiple location tests in Georgia, Ga. 12Y had significantly higher yield, dollar value return per acre and number of seed per pound compared to Georgia 10T. However, Georgia 10T has a higher TSMK grade than Georgia 12Y. Georgia 12Y is most similar to Georgia 10T in later maturity. Both should be excellent varieties for an early planting date option in the southeast U.S. peanut production area.

Georgia-13M: This is a new highyielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2013. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station. During a three-year period, it averaged over multiple location tests in significantly less total disease incidence and greater dollar value return per acre when compared to other high-oleic, runner-type varieties.

Georgia 13M has a smaller runner seed size. Georgia 13M combines high yield, TSWV resistance with the excellent roasted flavor of Georgia Green and

the high-oleic trait for longer shelf life and improved oil quality of peanut and peanut products. Seed will be limited for 2015.

Georgia-14N: Released in 2014 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station and developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, this small-seeded, runner-type peanut variety is high-yielding, resistant to spotted wilt and root-knot nematodes and has high-oleic oil chemistry. In a three-year trial, Georgia-14N had significantly less TSWV and total disease incidence, higher yield, grade and dollar value return per acre compared to Tifguard. The high-oleic trait offers longer shelf-life and improved oil quality of peanut and peanut products.

Georgia Greener: A high-yielding, typical-seeded, runner-type variety, Georgia Greener was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton. The variety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV and offers some resistance to Cylindrocladium Black Rot (CBR). It has dark green foliage, intermediate or decumbent runner growth habit and typical runner seed

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Peanuts In Various Locations In Mississippi, 2014-2015.

Variety Georgia-06G

2014 Average (lb/A)

Starkville (lb/A)

Beaumont (lb/A)

Stoneville (lb/A)

Average (lb/A)

4779

3261

2978

4276

3655

Georgia-12Y

5021

3544

3540

5165

4083

Georgia-13M

4766

3311

4066

4777

4051

3015

3079

3835

3310

5608

3409

2701

4904

3671

Georgia 14-N TUFRunner™ ‘511’ TUFRunner™ ‘727’

5069

3403

3114

4322

3613

FloRun™ ‘107’

4311

3297

3040

4611

3649

3631

3958

4649

4079

Florida-07

5010

3381

3790

4204

3792

Tifguard

4301

3126

2281

3975

3127

Georgia-09B

4654

3449

2205

4152

3269

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

Average grades in Starkville, Beaumont and Stoneville were 74.6, 73.0 and 74.5, respectively.

Source: Variety Testing, Mississippi State University, phone (662) 325-2390.

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Peanut Disease Risk Index Variety Point Values.

Variety

TSWV Points

Leaf Spot Points

White Mold Points

Bailey

10

15

10

Florida-07

10

20

15

Florida Fancy

25

20

20

FloRun™ '107'

20

25

20

Georgia-06G

10

20

20

Georgia-07W

10

20

15

Georgia-09B

20

25

25

Georgia-12Y

5

15

10

Georgia-13M

10

30

25

Georgia-14N

10

15

15

Georgia Green

30

20

25

Georgia Greener

10

20

20

Tifguard

10

15

15

TUFRunner™ '297'

15

25

20

TUFRunner™ '727'

20

15

15

TUFRunner™ '511'

20

30

15

The greater the value of points, the more risk associated with that variety for that disease. Data for newer varieties is limited and point values may change. The varieties Georgia-02C, Georgia Greener and Bailey have increased resistance to Cylindrocladium Black Rot (CBR) than do other varieties commonly planted in Georgia. Tifguard has excellent resistance to peanut root-knot nematode.

The malady referred to as “funky” or “irregular” leaf spot tends to be more severe in Georgia-02C than in other varieties. Although this condition can look like early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), the cause of “funky” leaf spot is still unknown. Disease losses are not typically associated with funky leaf spot.

For more information on varieties and disease risk, go to www.ugapeanuts.com and click on Peanut Update.

Yield And Grade Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties, Plains, Ga., Irrigated, 2013-2014.

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

5669

6738

74.0

5406

6204

6552

76.0

6368

72.0

Georgia-06G

5630

6247

6249

74.5

Georgia-12Y

5703

6177

5874

72.5

5787

72.5

5530

5775

71.5

5675

5684

73.0

Variety TUFRunner™ ‘511’ Georgia-09B Georgia-14N

TUFRunner™ ‘297’ FloRun™ ‘107’

4719

Georgia-13M FloRun™ ‘157’

5435

72.5

TUFRunner™ ‘727’

5179

5454

5427

73.5

Tifguard

5034

5614

4995

72.0

Georgia-07W

5342

5288

4995

72.5

Florida-07

5554

5714

4967

69.0

Georgia Greener

5684

5711

4952

74.5

Preliminary data on 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus.

Yield Performance Of Runner-Type Varieties In Midville, Ga., Irrigated, 2013-2014.

Variety

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

Georgia-12Y

6774

6433

6787

73.5

6788

6767

72.5

6643

6557

73.5

6918

6447

71.5

TUFRunner™ ‘511’ Georgia-09B

7069

Georgia-13M FloRun™ ‘107’

5783

6103

6378

71.5

Tifguard

5914

5966

6346

73.0

Georgia-06G

5968

6524

6314

77.0

6305

74.0

6567

6599

6281

74.5

Georgia-14N

6200

6262

74.0

TUFRunner™ ‘297’

6371

6171

75.5

FloRun™ ‘157’ TUFRunner™ ‘727’

Georgia-07W

6074

6492

5973

72.5

Florida-07

6949

6580

5783

72.0

Preliminary data on 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus.

T WIT TE R: @PE ANUTGROWE R

13

FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

size. Georgia Greener combines high TSWV resistance with medium maturity and excellent yield, grade and dollar value return per acre.

Tamrun OL01: A high-oleic Texas A&M release similar to Tamrun 96. Pods and seed are much larger than Flavor Runner 458 and a little larger than Tamrun 96 and OL02. Disease resistance is nearly equal to Tamrun 96. Tamrun OL01 may have higher sugar content than most varieties and has produced hard seed in some situations. This variety is popular in South Texas due to TSWV resistance.

Tamrun OL02: A high-oleic Texas A&M runner with yields comparable to Flavor Runner 458 and disease resistance similar to Tamrun 96 with tolerance to TSWV, pod rot and southern blight. Tamrun OL02 has seed size slightly larger than Flavor Runner 458 and lower sugar content than Tamrun OL01 and Flavor Runner 458.

Tamrun OL07: This medium-to-late maturing high-oleic Texas A&M release has improved disease resistance compared to Tamrun OL01 and OL02 and FR 458. It yields similarly to these varieties in disease-free situations, but significantly higher in the presence of TSWV or Sclerotinia blight. Seed size intermediate between Tamrun OL02 and OL01.

Tamrun OL11: This variety is well suited for the West Texas growing region and has performed well under Sclerotinia blight conditions. Tamrun OL11 has resistance to Sclerotinia blight equal to that of Tamrun OL07, and it grades equal to or better than Flavor Runner 458, which is about two percentage points higher than Tamrun OL07 on average.

Tifguard: Developed by USDA’s Agriculture Research Service in Tifton, Ga., Tifguard has resistance to nematodes so as to be characterized as “near immunity,” and it offers good yields and grades, especially in places where there would be no yield from other varieties. It offers good resistance to TSWV and maturity is similar to Georgia Green.

TUFRunner™ ‘297’: Developed by the University of Florida, this variety is an extra-large seeded runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. Released in 2014, this variety has demonstrated very good resistance to white mold, good resistance to TSWV, but is susceptible to leaf spot. Yield and grade have been excellent. It has a prominent center stem with semi-prostate growth habit. Seed supply will be limited to production of Foundation and Registered seed in 2015.

TUFRunner™ ‘511’: The University of Florida released this variety in July 2013. TUFRunner™ ‘511’ is a large-seeded, medium-maturity runner-type peanut with high-oleic oil chemistry. It has very good resistance to white mold and moderate resistance to TSWV. Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ have been excellent. The seed size is similar to Georgia-06G with 14 /

THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

Four-Year (2012-2015) Average Field Performance Of Medium-Maturing, Runner-Type Varieties In Florida.

Variety

Yield (lb/a)

TSMK (%)

TSWV (1-10)

Leaf Spot (1-10)

TUFRunner™ ‘297’**

6435

77.8

1.2

3.4

Georgia-06G

6211

79.5

1.2

2.3

TUFRunner™ ‘511’**

6204

78.7

1.4

3.7

‘727’**

5926

77.7

1.2

2.7

FloRun™ ‘107’**

5892

75.6

1.3

3.5

Florida-07**

5859

74.6

1.3

2.5

TUFRunner™

Georgia-09B

5852

80.1

1.3

-

Tifguard

5555

78.1

1.2

2.8

*TSWV ratings (1= no disease); ** high-oleic oil chemistry; tests from two or three locations in Florida. Souce: University of Florida

Three-Year (2013-2015) Average Field Performance Of Medium-Maturing, Runner-Type Varieties In Florida.

Yield (lb/a)

Variety

TSMK (%)

TSWV (1-10)

Leaf Spot (1-10)

TUFRunner™ ‘297’**

6401

77.6

1.2

3.0

Georgia-06G

6273

79.2

1.2

2.4

TUFRunner™ ‘511’**

6158

78.3

1.4

3.2

TUFRunner™ ‘727’**

5892

77.5

1.3

2.6

FloRun™

5752

74.6

1.3

3.2

Florida-07**

5781

74.4

1.2

2.3

Georgia-09B

5829

80.0

1.3

-

Tifguard

5523

77.9

1.2

2.5

Georgia-12Y

6362

76.4

1.1

-

5929

77.5

1.2

3.0

FloRun™

‘107’**

‘157’**

*TSWV ratings (1= no disease); ** high-oleic oil chemistry; tests from two or three locations in Florida. Souce: University of Florida

a similar outturn of medium, No. 1 and jumbo kernels. The growth habit of TUFRunner™ ‘511’ is prostrate with a good center stem. The seed supply for 2015 is limited.

TUFRunner™ ‘727’: This is a medium to medium-late maturing (135-145 days), high-oleic, runner market-type peanut cultivar with very good resistance to white mold, resistance to TSWV and some resistance to late leaf spot. It has a prostrate, runner growth habit with large vines and large runner seed size.

Yield and grade of TUFRunner™ ‘727’ have been excellent.

Webb: A high-yielding, root-knot nematode-resistant variety, Webb was developed in the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Peanut Breeding Program.

PE ANUTGROWE R .COM

Yield Performance Of Virginia-Type Varieties, Tifton And Midville, Ga., Non-Irrigated, 2015.

Tifton

Midville

Virginia Variety

Yield (lb/a)

TSMK (%)

Yield (lb/a)

TSMK (%)

Georgia-08V

6183

75.5

3948

69.5

Florida Fancy

5742

75.0

4057

68.0

Bailey

5300

72.5

4054

66.5

Wynne

5255

71.5

4075

66.5

CHAMPS

5046

72.5

3878

66.0

Titan

4834

70.0

3678

63.0

Sugg

4771

72.0

3964

67.0

Sullivan

4595

73.0

5114

67.0

Georgia-11J

4450

74.0

5703

69.5

Preliminary data as of 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

VIRGINIA-TYPE VARIETIES Bailey: Released by NCSU, Bailey is a medium to large-seeded and high-yielding Virginia-type peanut. It has produced high yields across multiple years and locations, which is an indication of good tolerance to fluctuations of weather and growth conditions. Bailey has a growth habit intermediate between runner and bunch types, bright pods and tan kernel color. More importantly, it is resistant to TSWV and thrips, and it matures in approximately 145 DAP, but holds its pods much better than CHAMPS. CHAMPS: CHAMPS is a large-seeded Virginia-type peanut variety with a runner growth habit. It is an early maturing variety. Yields at early digging (135-140 days after planting in Virginia) are high, and pod size, shape and color are suited for in-shell market. If an early frost advisory is in effect, CHAMPS can be harvested 10 days earlier than NC-V 11 with no reduction in yield. CHAMPS is less susceptible to TSWV than most Virginia-type cultivars. CHAMPS is susceptible to CBR and Sclerotinia blight. High yields and favorable pod characteristics have been observed across years and locations and, simi-

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FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

15

Agronomic Performance Of Commerically Available Virginia-Type Cultivars, 20102015, PVQE Program, Suffolk, Va., And Williamston, N.C., Dug At 135 And 150 DAP. 135 DAP

150 DAP

Variety

Yield (lb/a)

Value ($/a)

Yield (lb/a)

Value ($/a)

Sullivan

4185

707

4834

851

Bailey

4549

779

4815

832

Wynne

4166

677

4696

778

Sugg

4048

658

4423

770

Phillips

4178

702

4315

751

Gregory

4085

643

4364

717

CHAMPS

3959

633

4159

672

NC-V 11

3939

608

4137

664

Perry

3846

637

3867

663

Source: Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, http:pubs.ext.vt.edu/author/b/ balota-maria-res.html.

lar to Bailey, showed good tolerance to growth factors.

Emery: This new Virginia-type cultivar was released by the breeding program of the North Carolina State University (NCSU) in spring of 2015. Emery is a large-seeded high-oleic cultivar with intermediate runner growth habit and medium green foliage; the seed coat color is tan. It has partial resistance to leaf spot caused by Cercospora arachidicola (but sometimes by Cercosporidium personatum), Sclerotinia blight, and toma-

to spotted wilt. It could be considered susceptible to CBR. In Peanut Variety and Quality Evaluation (PVQE) trials conducted at five locations in the Virginia-Carolina production region from 2012 through 2014, Emery showed similar agronomic attributes as Bailey but the ELK content was higher, with 47 percent and 41 percent, respectively.

Super extra-large kernel content was, on average, 22.4 percent for Emery. Flavor attributes are also comparable with the latest releases from the NCSU. Breeder

Grading Performance Of Commercially Available Virginia-Type Cultivars, 2010-2015, PVQE Program, Suffolk, Va., And Williamston, N.C., Locations, Dug At 135 DAP. Variety

Fancy Pods (%)

ELK (%)

SMK (%)

Total Meat

Perry

81

37

62

71

Phillips

86

43

63

71

Bailey

83

37

63

71

Sugg

85

38

61

70

Sullivan

85

39

62

70

NC V-11

80

30

59

69

CHAMPS

85

34

60

69

Wynne

91

40

61

69

Gregory

91

43

59

68

Source: Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, http:pubs.ext.vt.edu/ author/b/balota-maria-res.html.

16 /

THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

PE ANUTGROWE R .COM

Golden Peanut ad 1 12 15_CF 11/13 template 1/12/15 2:44 PM Page 1

seed will be multiplied in 2016.

Florida Fancy: This is a medium-maturing (130 to 135 days) Virginia-type variety released by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. Florida Fancy has about 85 to 95 percent fancy pods and is similar in seed size to the typical Virginia-type varieties NC-V11 and Perry, but is not as large as Gregory. The growth habit resembles runner varieties. Its resistance to TSWV is better than that of Georgia Green, and its reaction to white mold and leaf spot is similar to that of Georgia Green. Pod yield of Florida Fancy has been very good, especially in sandy soils.

Georgia-08V: A high-yielding, high-oleic, TSWV-resistant, large-seeded, Virginia-type variety, Georgia-08V was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. The vari-

Grading Performance Of Commercially Available Virginia-Type Cultivars, 2010-2015, PVQE Program, Suffolk, Va., And Williamston, N.C., Locations, Dug At 150 DAP. Variety

Fancy Pods (%)

ELK (%)

SMK (%)

Total Meat

Sugg

85

43

66

73

Sullivan

84

43

65

72

Perry

79

42

64

72

Phillips

86

50

66

72

Bailey

82

41

66

72

NC V-11

78

36

62

71

CHAMPS

86

40

64

71

Gregory

92

50

64

70

Wynne

90

43

63

70

Source: Maria Balota, Assistant Professor, Tidewater AREC, Virginia Tech, http:pubs.ext.vt.edu/ author/b/balota-maria-res.html.

ety has shown a high level of resistance to TSWV. Georgia-08V combines high

yields, high TSWV resistance and the high-oleic trait, which is needed for the

Get your crop off to a good start.

Plant quality Golden Peanut Seed.

For more information, contact your local Golden Peanut dealer today.

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Golden Peanut Company, LLC 100 North Point Center East, Suite 400 Alpharetta, GA 30022 • www.goldenpeanut.com FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

17

longer shelf life of the in-shell market, with medium maturity into a large-seeded, Virginia-type peanut variety.

Georgia-11J: A high-oleic, large-podded and large-seeded Virginia-type peanut cultivar released by the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. Georgia-11J has a high level of TSWV resistance and is medium-to-late maturing, while offering high yields.

Gregory: Gregory has a growth habit intermediate between runner and bunch types. Maturity is similar to NC-V11 (145– 150 DAP). This variety produces an exceptionally high percentage of ELKs and Fancy pods. Due to the large seed size, Gregory has a high soil calcium requirement, which may result in reduced seedling vigor if seed are produced under conditions with limited calcium uptake. It has medium resistance to TSWV. Perry: Perry is a high-yielding, large-seeded and CBR-resistant variety. Perry is less susceptible to Sclerotinia Blight and Web Blotch than other Virginia-type varieties, but tends to have high susceptibility to TSWV. Maturity is approximately 14 days later than NC-V11. Growth habit is intermediate between runner and bunch types. Perry has a pink seed coat and good pod color. Fancy pod and ELK percentage is slightly lower than other varieties.

Phillips: Phillips is a large-seeded Virginia-type peanut with an intermediate runner growth habit. Yield has been high relative to other Virginia-type varieties. Phillips has a high content of ELKs, but it is susceptible to diseases in the V-C region.

It matures later than NC-V11 and CHAMPS. Sugg: Released in 2009, Sugg was developed at the North Carolina State University to be resistant to multiple diseases. It has resistance to TSWV, CBR, Sclerotinia Blight and early leaf Yield Performance Of Virginia-Type Varieties, Tifton, Ga., Irrigated, 2013-2015.

Virginia Variety

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

Georgia-08V

5663

6229

5143

74.5

Florida Fancy

5031

5302

4925

72.0

5164

4362

70.0

Sullivan Georgia-11J

6059

5941

3878

73.5

CHAMPS

5167

5812

3796

70.0

Titan

4649

5094

3436

67.5

5439

3319

69.5

Wynne Bailey

5307

5386

3186

69.0

Sugg

5067

5252

2605

70.0

Preliminary data as of 1/5/16. Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus

18 /

THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

Days To Optimum Maturity Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars Tested In The Virginia-Carolina Region.

Cultivar

Days To Maturity

Cultivar

Days To Maturity

Bailey

146

Perry

151

Brantley

146

Phillips

148

CHAMPS

147

Spain

128

Florida Fancy

151

Sugg

145

Georgia-08V

155

Sullivan

142

Gregory

149

Wilson

148

NC-V11

149

Wynne

139

Source: Dr. Tom Isleib, Crop Science Professor, North Carolina State University.

spot. Sugg has an intermediate runner growth habit and the color of the seed coat is pink. Sugg produces high yields and has larger kernels than Bailey. It also has good blanching and flavor characteristics.

Sullivan: Released by North Carolina State University in 2013, Sullivan is a high-oleic Virginia-type cultivar with alternate branching pattern, intermediate runner growth habit and medium-green foliage. It was developed from a cross with a sister line of Bailey and, as Bailey, it has partial resistance to the four common diseases in the Virginia-Carolina peanut production area: early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV. Sullivan has approximately 45 percent jumbo pods and 40 percent fancy pods, and seeds tan with seed coat averaging 931 mg seed1. Yields and the number of days to maturity are similar with Bailey (145 days). Seed may not be sufficient until 2015 planting season.

Titan: Titan is an extra large seeded peanut with an exceptionally high content of jumbo pods and super extra-large kernels. It is suitable for in-shell, gourmet and green boiling products. Yields are relatively low if not irrigated. Maturity is considered early (only five days later than CHAMPS). This variety is moderately susceptible to susceptible to TSWV, CBR and Sclerotinia blight.

Wynne: A variety tested as N08081olJC, Wynne was released by North Carolina State University in 2013. This variety resembles Sullivan, which Wynne is related to through a Bailey sister line. Wynne has partial resistance to early leaf spot, CBR, Sclerotinia blight and TSWV and has the high-oleic characteristic. The percentage of jumbo pods is 68 with 21 percent fancy pods. Seeds have a pink seed coat and average 1051 mg seed1. Just like Sullivan, Wynne has yield and maturity similar to Bailey, but significantly higher than CHAMPS, Gregory, NCV11, Perry and Phillips. Seed may not be sufficient until 2015 planting season.

PE ANUTGROWE R .COM

SPANISH-TYPE VARIETIES Georgia-04S: A high-yielding, high-oleic, Spanish-type variety, Georgia-04S was developed at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station. Intended for the same market, Georgia-04S has later maturity and pod and seed size similar to other Spanish-market types. Georgia-04S has shown significantly higher yield, TSMK grade and dollar value return per acre compared to other leading Spanish varieties.

OLin: Released from Texas A & M University in 2002, this high-oleic line is comparable to Tamspan 90 in growth habit, maturity and disease resistance. Yield potential is consistently five to 10 percent less than Tamspan 90.

Pronto: A large-seeded Spanish variety, Pronto has a growth habit typical of Spanish varieties, except that it exhibits more yellow-green color. Pronto has yields and grades similar to Spanco.

Spanco: A high-yielding, Spanish-type variety released from Oklahoma State University, Spanco is early maturing (10 to 14 days earlier than most other Spanish varieties). It has good yield potential, but does not possess the pythium pod rot or Sclerotinia blight resistance found in Tamspan 90.

Tamnut OL06: This Texas A&M University Spanish line is a large-podded, large-seeded high-oleic variety with potential use in the runner market. Maturity and yield potential are similar to Tamspan 90. Initial yield results in runner production

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Yield And Grade Performance Of Spanish-Type Varieties, Tifton, Ga., Irrigated, 2013-2015.

Variety

2013 Yield (lb/a)

2014 Yield (lb/a)

2015 Yield (lb/a)

2015 TSMK (%)

Georgia Browne

5052

5605

4743

70.0

Georgia-04S

4528

5639

4211

71.5

Tamnut OL06

3206

4114

3282

62.0

Tamspan 90

3267

3975

2958

64.0

2937

59.5

Spanco

2559

3467

2554

62.0

Pronto

2741

3314

2438

67.0

OLin

3197

3835

2248

62.0

Schubert

Source: John Gassett, Program Coordinator, UGA Variety Evaluation, Griffin Campus,1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Ga. 30223

systems appear less than Flavor Runner 458, but with earlier maturity.

Tamspan 90: Released from Texas A&M University, this variety exhibits typical Spanish growth habit. It is resistant to Pythium pod rot and Sclerotinia blight. Maturity runs about 140 to 145 days in West Texas. It has excellent yield potential.

PG

FE BRUARY 2 016 • THE PE ANUT GROWE R /

19

Key Considerations Before Planting Warehouses already brimming with peanuts and the consequences of shortened rotation schemes are two important points going into 2016.

By Amanda Huber

A

s planning for the 2016 crop begins, producers are already being cautioned to not plant a single seed until they have secured a place to store the harvested peanuts.

The 2015 crop was the second largest on record, with the largest crop being the 2012 crop, which was only three years ago. Neither crop in between the two record-making crops were short and both produced carryover for the next year. Although usage stays steady and grows at times, it is not enough to use up what’s on hand. Export markets were down in 2015, and the elimination of the cotton program and creation of generic base in the 2014 Farm Bill, coupled with low prices for all commodities that use the same rows as peanuts, meant that more acres of peanuts would be planted.

No Room For More Nathan Smith, formerly the University of Georgia Extension economist who made the move to Clemson University in the Fall, says that planted peanut acreage was up 20 percent nationally and Southeast farmers planted more peanuts instead of corn and cotton because of low prices and higher expected peanut payments from the newly enacted Farm Bill.

Recounting the 2012 crop, Smith says, peanut production spiked to 3.38 million tons as inventory shortages pushed prices to $700 to $800 per acre.

“The 2015 crop is expected to dip to 3 million tons, but warehouses are crowded now and peanut prices are down to around $400 a ton or less, depending on the variety,” Smith says. “My concern is that at harvest time in 2016, you may not have as much warehouse space avail20 /

able as you did in 2015.”

On the situation in his new state of residence, Smith says that South Carolina may be the exception to very little warehouse space given the 2015 disaster.

Remember The Rotation Factor George Lovatt, peanut broker and president of Lovatt and Rushing, said at a recent meeting that with the price of corn and cotton continuing to disappoint, it was likely that growers would plant nearly as many peanut acres in 2016 as in 2015.

“You’ve got to do what makes the most sense for your operation and what makes the most sense to your banker,”

THE PE ANUT GROWE R • FE BRUARY 2 016

he said. “But don’t plant without knowing where they are going to be stored.”

Dell Cotton, Virginia Peanut Grower Marketing Cooperative executive director, reminds producers that three of the largest crops since 2002 were in the last four years.

“State average yields of more than 4,000 pounds per acre have become the norm, regardless of the number of acres.

The prevalent mindset of ‘what else am I going to grow?’ due to low commodity prices is about to get us into trouble in a big way. Besides storage issues and supply concerns, growers will pay in the long run for less-than-recommended rotational practices,” he says. PG PE ANUTGROWE R .COM

Budget For Needed Inputs As has been the case the past few years, planting intentions for peanuts in the Southwest are up in the air at this time.

Producers who are thinking about growing peanuts in 2016 must consider several factors in preparation for planting. Variety selection is often the most important decision a grower can make, but seed availabiliJASON WOODWARD Texas Agri-Life Extension ty, disease resistance packages Plant Pathologist needed, growth characteristics, maturity issues or specific marketing options can complicate this task. Producers are encouraged to review local information and data before selecting which varieties to plant. Changes to seeding rates can be made in order to reduce input costs assuming high-quality seed is used.

When changes in market type are being contemplated, it is important that estimates reflect a realistic yield goal as differences in yield potential exist between runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia types. The decision to grow other market types may also affect other budget categories, such as fungicide selection, the number of applications warranted or the number of irrigation events.

With the development of herbicide resistance in the Southern High Plains, it is critical that budgets include adequate inputs for herbicides and cultural practices to properly control weed flushes and escapes. Information on these and other aspects of production can be obtained from local Extension personnel.

Making A Good Plan What can a grower do to increase the chances of making a profitable peanut crop in 2016? It is all about proper planning and obtaining the right production information.

First, begin talking with your peanut buying points and attend county/regional/state Extension production meetings during the next few weeks.

SCOTT MONFORT University of Georgia These meeting are the place to Extension Agronomist ask questions regarding your situation so you can begin to form a plan of attack for the upcoming season.

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To help get you started, here are some production points to consider.

Field History: The shorter the rotation and greater the disease pressure, the higher the risk for problems. In these situations, growers need to budget for more inputs and not try to reduce inputs, which will potentially add to your losses. Refer to Peanut Rx for more detailed information on your risk of disease development based on your field information.

Contact your county agent for more information. The Peanut Rx app can be accessed from smartphones with Apple or Android operating systems. Those with an Android operating system can go to Google Play and search “UGA Peanut Rx.” Growers using iPhones should go to the Apple App Store and search “Peanut Rx.” The app is free and only takes a few minutes to download.

Soil Sample: Growers need to fix fertility and pH problems before the planting season. Remember, peanut do not require the same fertility as cotton and corn to produce a high-yielding crop.

Variety Selection: In Georgia, a majority of producers will plant Georgia-06G. However, there are other varieties available for limited acres. Georgia-12Y has shown great yield potential in variety trials across Georgia and should be considered in fields with severe white mold. In root-knot nematode problem fields, growers can choose Tifguard or the new Georgia-14N. Both have superior root-knot nematode resistance. Lastly, growers interested in high-oleic peanuts have several high-yielding varieties to pick from like Georgia-09B, Georgia 13-M, TUFRunner™ ‘727’ and TUFRunner™ ‘511.’

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Soil Sample For Fertility Needs Early on last year, it was predicted that we would transition to a strong El Niño weather pattern, meaning that we would endure an increase in rainfall for the fall period. The prediction couldn’t have been more correct. We struggled in certain areas to get enough rainfall during July and AuKRIS BALKCOM gust. Then harvest time showed Auburn University up at the same time as El Niño.

Agri-Program Associate This delayed harvest for some producers and hindered them from being timely with getting their crop out of the field, which resulted in fields too wet to work in, and increased temperatures that caused the peanuts to sprout and fall off.

Looking at the total production for Alabama last year shows a yield of 3,350 pounds per acre. Along with lower yields for two years in a row for Alabama, we also endured more quality issues and peanuts going Seg. 2 and Seg. 3 again because of the weather.

With suppressed commodity prices, I encourage producers to manage their inputs closely, which makes soil sampling an important part of production. Soil sampling informs the grower of the amount of nutrients in the soil for the crop

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and exactly what is needed to fulfill the crop’s fertility requirements to make a justifiable yield. The soil test lab at Auburn University will work with producers using precision soil sampling.

Timeliness Is Key Prior to 2015, peanut yields in the Virginia-Carolina region had been breaking new records almost every year. In addition to excellent farmers, key factors influencing peanut yield were high-yielding varieties with good disease resistance, a high percentage of peanut planted on suitable land to reduce digDAVID JORDAN ging losses, long rotations and North Carolina State availability of effective crop University protection materials.

Extension Agronomist The wild card seems to be weather, and this year demonstrated that point. Yields will be off about 1,000 pounds per acre for the V-C region. Weather came in two extremes: a dry summer and a wet, warm fall. About 25 percent of the crop was negatively affected after digging but before combining. This does not happen often, and we mostly worry about peanuts staying in the field too long before digging.

In 2015, the window for digging and combining was very narrow all the way through November. Dry and sunny days were hard to come by.

With that said, one of the most critical aspects of production is timeliness, and this applies to every practice. Perhaps the most critical of these is harvest. Many years ago, I asked one of my uncles (three of whom grew peanuts at the time), “How does one get started as a farmer?” I was thinking he would list all of the tractors and tillage implements, but instead it was harvesting equipment. The take-home message was, if you have your own harvesting equipment, you can be timelier and your investment in the crop for the entire season is less likely to be lost at the very end.

Most peanut growers now have their own equipment. The question is whether or not what they have is adequate if there are any “hiccups” in the fall such as major breakdowns or bad weather. While there might not be any money to invest from the 2015 cropping season after bills are paid, investing in harvesting equipment and people to help run it might pay the biggest dividend. It’s a long way to harvest with a lot to do between now and then. But setting everything up for harvest and being able to do that in a timely manner is critical — there is much to do in the fall and a short period of time in which to do it.

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BECAUSE PERFECT POWER SOURCES DON’T JUST GROW ON TREES. 7 powerful grams of plant-based protein Over 30 essential vitamins and nutrients

The most preferred nut in America Nothing beats a handful a day for heart health

Jeffrey Pope, Virginia Peanut Farmer

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nationalpeanutboard.org

ScientiďŹ cevidencesuggestsbut doesnot provethat eating1.5ouncesper dayof most nuts, includingpeanuts, aspart of adiet lowinsaturatedfat &cholesterol mayreducetheriskof heart disease.