Potter olivia 586562 algorithmicsk pages by Olivia Potter

I STU A R D

A RC HI TEC T URE DE SI GN ST UDI O: A I R

OLIVIA POTTER // ABPL30048

O I

sketchbook S1//2014

weeks // 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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C r i te r i a Fi e l d

<<week one>> lof t i n g a n d sta te c a pt u re

raw curves in Rhino Loft using Grasshopper (see week one tutorial online) Loft Make 2D Change line weight in Illustrator to 0.25mm Import file into Indesign

weeks //<<1>> 2

< <week one>>

3 4 5

ex- l a b 1.03 t r i a n g u l a t i o n a l g o r i t h m s

ee tutorial from Week One on the LMS. Review this pageâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s worth of content.

7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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<<week one>> ex- l a b 1.03 t r i a n g u l a t i o n a l g o r i t h m s

ederation Square is made using the voronoi component in grasshopper. WARNING pops up when using too much voronoi! Nice to know that Grasshopper has a sense of humour!

<<week two>> ve c to r f u n d a m e nta l s

weeks

< <week two>>

//1 <<2>> 3

m es h g e o m et r y

4 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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ere, vectors have been built in Grasshopper. Their direction and strength determined by algorithmic equations.

esh surface created from control points. This mesh surface, although ineffective for creating a mesh for many points, was helpful in beginning to understand how a mesh works and the order of points. 7

<<week two>> c l a s s ta s k

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his week in class we were asked to use data to create lofted surfaces. These images above map the growth of plant over the time period of a year. The definition, as can be seen to the left, uses a multiplication factor between the average number of daylight hours and average hours to extend the definition into the 3rd dimension while the month of the year and plant growth influence the x and z variables of the defintion. To me, the result looks slightly like a clam.

<<week two>> p ete r e i s e n m a nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s b e r l i n h o l o c a ust m e m o r i a l ( 2 0 0 8)

weeks //1 <<2>> 3 4 5 6 7

ere I followed a series of three online tutorials to create a copy of Peter Eisenmanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Berlin War Memorial in Germany. Although Eisenman did not infact use a parametric design to form find, it can very easily be done to look the same. Here, I have used the Closest Cure Component to create

ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11

the undulating surface and the Extrude component to make the original rectangular grid three dimensional.

12 //

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<<week two>> m es h g e o m et r y

his tutorial looked at the Mesh Component of Grasshopper. Importantly, it also warned against the use of Meshes as without a plugin such as Weaverbird of LunchBox, it signifies the end of toying with the definition. A mesh is generally the very last step in producing a definition. This

tutorial also looked at weldvertices together which can then be relaxed with the MS Smooth tool.

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<<week two>> l of t i n g

weeks //1

o loft, simply reference multiple points and then loft them together. In this way, Grasshopper is very similar to Rhino. The Geodesic Curve creates square edges.

<<2>> 3 4 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

he second half of the tutorial focussed on teaching how to offset curves. This is done by simply using the offset component in Grasshopper. Definitions can be found to the left!

<<week t wo>> l of t i n g

weeks //1 <<2>> 3 4 5 6

A W

base geometry was lofted from a series of closed curve surfaces and then, extended in the Z-Direction. hat is cool about this definition is that it could easily by used in my own definitions as it easily fabricated. It would be possible to use the lazer cutting or the card cutter to produce a very elegant form.

7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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<<week thr ee>> l i st s a n d c u l l i n g p a t te r n s

weeks //1 <<2>> 3 4 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10

o produce this pattern from a series of points, the voronoi tool was used. It also looked at jittering points and listing items.

11 12 //

<<week t h r ee>> 03.01 c re a t i n g a g r i d s h e l l

weeks //1 2

promise that I did this tutorial - just I canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t find the Rhino file because I seem to struggle to label things correctly.... I am a good student.

<<3>> 4 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 6 Tr i g C u r v e s a n d L i s t s

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1

ntp2

ange: Creates a sequence of numbers equally spaced Points: An ordered set of numbers called co-ordinates, most inside a numeric domain. likely Cartesan in nature

Domain: A numeric domain is the space defined by two nu- Enable is a kill switch while preview is whether an output is meric extremes (min - max). Minimum and maximum can also visible or hidden. be described as floor - ceiling.

8 9 10 11 12 //

< < WEEK

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 7 Sp i ra l l i n g

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2

his spiralling tutorial indroduced to me the mathematical components of Grasshopper include the Pi tool which, as I extend my knowledge in Grasshopper will be beneficial in increasing the complexity of my definitions. To get better, I will need to continue playing with these components in my own time.

8 9 10 11 12 // 18

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m o d e l a b v i d e o 8 Phy l ota x i s a n d Ex p res s i o n s

eries, booleans and composing algorithms

Series: Creates a sequence of numbers spaced according to step values.

List Culling: In addition to creating and navigating through lists, frequently, we want to remove a specific item or sequence of items from a list using a repeating pattern

Gates and Dispatching: Dispatch the items in a list to two Function: A function is a relation that uniquely associates target lists. List dispatching is very similar to the [cull pattern] members of one set to members of another set. component, with the exception that both lists are provided as Sequence Manipulation: In addition to creating and navi- outputs. gating through lists, frequently, we want to rearrange the data contained in a list. Boolean: Property of a statement being true or false

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 // 19

< < WEEK

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m o d e l a b v i d e o Pa n e l l i n g Su r fa c es Su r fa c es

arameter Space: We can move along the parameter space of a surface using x, y co-ordinates Points can operate within a global space (i.e x, y, z) or in a local space which is defined by u, v, w.

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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f i e l d f u n d a m e nta l s

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>>

ere, magnetic fields as combined with point attractors to form one unified magnetic surface. Different displays can be used to see different properties of the surface which results in images such as the one above.

5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

< < WEEK

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Ex p res s i o n s

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7

his tutoral was particularly helpful as it explained to be why, in my previous attempts, I could never get circles (shapes on points) to turn in accordance with the overall form. This will be a useful tutorial to return to in order to fully grasp this concept.

ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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F r a c t a l Te t r a h e d r a l

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>>

had previously trialled the Fractal Tetrahedron tutorial when it refused to work in week four. However, upon returning to the video tutorial, I was able to get through it. I

think my previous issue was that my expression was missing a bracket. With the maths components, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s really important that it is all perfect because it allows no room for errors.

5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

< < W EEK

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b i ot h i n g - eva l u a t i n g f i e l d s

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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b i ot h i n g va r i a t i o n s

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

laying with this definition of the biothing was actually a bit of fun. Using the graph mapper was valuable and also learning how to use a field line.

bviously, I got a bit carried away (this is only half of the baking I did.

weeks //1

< < W EEK

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p l a y i n g w i t h g ra s s h o p p e r !

was really interested in working out how to use the Image sampler as I think I provide a unexpected result. I also worked on offsetting circles, like had been experimented with in previous tutorials.

ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

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weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 //

< <b. 2 30 i te rat ions>> B a s e d o n t h e Vo u s s o i r C l o u d by Iwa m oto S c ot t

Scale Slider: 0.588 Z-Direction Slider: -2.20 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false timer set to 1 sec

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Moving original points

// A R C H I T E T U R E // A R C H I T E T U R E

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: -2.20 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false timer set to 1 sec Weaverbirdâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Sierpinski Triangles

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false Delaunay Edges Shifting original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Moving original points along z-axis

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Delaunay Edges Moving original points

Scale Slider: 0.588 Z-Direction Slider: -2.20 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: -3.70 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Delaunay Edges Moving original points Circle Radius: 5.127 Kangaroo Stiffness: 245

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Delaunay Edges Moving original points

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< <b. 2 30 i te r at ions>> B a s e d o n t h e Vo u s s o i r C l o u d by Iwa m oto S c ot t

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 10.0 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true

// A1 A2 A3 Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false Delaunay Edges

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Delaunay Edges

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Delaunay Mesh

B1 <<b2>> b3 b4 B5 b6

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false Delaunay Edges Shifting original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false Delaunay Edges Shifting original curve Moving original points

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

Scale Slider: -3.70 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Delaunay Edges Moving original points Weaverbird Triangles

Scale Slider: -3.70 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo Stiffness: 45 Delaunay Edges Moving original points Weaverbird Triangles Kangaroo Physics: False

Scale Slider: -3.70 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo Stiffness: 245 Delaunay Edges Moving original points Delaunay Edges Kangaroo Physics: False

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 10.0 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Delaunay Edges Moving original points

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Weaverbird Triangles Moving original curve

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to true Weaverbird Triangles Moving original curve Changing radius of original Voronoi cells

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo reset to false Delaunay Edges Shifting original curve Moving original points

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 <<B2>> b3 b4 B5 b6 B7

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// A R C H I T E T U R E D E S I G N S T U D I O < < A I R > > S K E T C H B O O K / / // A R C H I T E T U R E D E S I G N S T U D I O < < A I R > > J O U R N A L / /

Scale Slider: 0.794 Z-Direction Slider: 5.40 X-Vector Slider: 0 Y-Vector Slider: 0 Z-Vector Slider: 67.9 Kangaroo Stiffness: 245 Delaunay Edges Addition of Points Weaverbird Triangles Kangaroo Physics: False

< < W EEK

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//1 2

g ra p h c o nt ro l l e rs

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his definition was going well until I tried to take it into the the Z-direction! I would really like to know why sometimes it doesn’t work! It’s really frustrating!

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i m a g e s a m p l i n g

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 12 // 33

weeks

< < b.3

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re ver se engi< n< eW eE rE i Kn g 5> >> >

B a s e d o n Do u b l e Ag e nt Wh i te by d o uM b l ae r ca gFe on r t n ew sh i t e - revers e e n g i n e e r i n g

<<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10 11 // A1 12 // A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 <<B3>>

Our first step in reverseengineering Double Agent White was to join 9 circes of varying radiusâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; together. We trialled one method before arriving at another whereby we used a bounding box and attractor points in order to produce the basic form of the overall pavilion.

Once our spheres were connected, we joined then, turning them into a single brep. Using a bounding box, we trimmed the solid to produce the image as above.

b4 B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

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Next, we altered the composition of the interlocking spheres to create a form that more closely resembled the original Double Agent White. To do this, we played with the placement of the attractor points by altering them in Rhino.

The biggest challenge that wenever were actually able to resolve was how to place an image on the surface of the Brep Mesh. We spent many hour deliberating, before deciding to attend a tech help session in which we were told Marc Fornes had not actually used Grasshopper to produce his pavilion, rather complex Python Scripting which, to be honest, was so far out of our capablitiy and therefore provided us with a convenient endpoint.

weeks //1 2 3 <<4>> 5 6 7 ntp1 ntp2 8 9 10

The final form, we simply panellised with triangles, exploring the capabilities of Grasshopperâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface division inputs.

11 12 // 35

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d a ta t re es + n a v i g a t i n g d a ta st r u c t u res

ata Matching: Data matching occurs when a component has access to differently sized list inputs. The grasshopper plug-in currently has three matching algorithms.

Lexical operations are logical mappings between data paths and indices which are defined by textual (lexical) paths and patterns. Simplify: Removes overlapping branches in a Data Tree.

A Trie: A trie is an Ordered Data Structure in which elements are stored and accessed with a ‘Key’. As of Grasshopper 0.6, data can be stored in hierarchical structures not dissimilar to a branching tree. Data is still stored in lists, but each list now has a ‘path’. Paths are a series of indices describing the position of the data branch within the tree. Tree Statistics: Returns some statistics of the Data Tree including: P: All Paths of the Tree L: The length of each branch of the Tree C: Number of paths and branches in the Tree Flattening: Flattening a Tree removes all levels of a Data Tree resulting in a single list. Path Mapper: The Path Mapper allows you to perform lexical operations on Data Trees.

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d a ta t re es + n a v i g a t i n g d a ta st r u c t u res

<<b. 4 50 i ter at ions>> B a s e d o n Do u b l e Ag e nt Wh i te by Ma rc Fo r n es

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

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< < WEEK

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C o nt ro l l i n g Da ta St r u c t u re : o us Pa t te r n i n g

C o nt i n u-

In this definition, I learnt to use the cap component which will be useful to close surfaces and create solids. Although in my opinion, many of the tutorials are highly irrelevant, the knowledge of new components is helpful to expand my knowledge of the program.

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

As can be seen, the only thing that didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t seem to work was the python scripting 40

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I had trouble with this tutorial - my python scripting didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t seem to work despite triple checking its accuracy. It appears that only one of the branches of the tree was correctly given a continuous pattern however Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m not sure how!

< < b.5 digit al Pro t ot yp ing>> B a s e d o n Do u b l e Ag e nt Wh i te by Ma rc Fo r n es

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

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< < WEEK

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pa t h m a p p e r

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

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< < WEEK

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t re es !

// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

< < b. 5 digit al Prot ot yp ing>> n ow, n ot b a s e d o n Do u b l e Ag e nt Wh i te by Ma rc Fo r n es

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// A1 A2 A3 A4

B1 b2 B3 <<B4>> B5 b6 B7

C8 C9 C10 C11 //

< < No n-T eachi ng p er iod we ek one>> E X L A B - t ra ve l l i n g s a l es m a n + py t h o n

import Rhino scripting in python

sPt = allPts[startIndex] allPts.RemoveAt(startIndex) route = [] def Salesman(fromPt,c): closestIndex = Rhino.Collections. Point3dList.ClosestIndexInList(allPt s,fromPt) newPt = allPts[closestIndex] route.append(newPt) allPts.RemoveAt(closestIndex) if(c>0): Salesman(newPt,c-1) if __name__=="__main__": Salesman(sPt,iterations) a = route

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< < No n-T eachi ng p er iod we ek one>> E X L A B - 6.05 G ra d i e nt Des c e nt

Demonstates a gradient descent algorithm and a variation using clusters and copy-paste iteration

< < No n-T eachi ng p er iod we e k t wo>> E X L A B - 07.0 1 E M L - Int ro d u c t i o n

Flatten the input into Force Objects when using Kangaroo to ensure the Data Tree will work and the input is correct. Also, Curves must be converted into Lines because Kangaroo operates only with these. When Toggle is false, the component is running (ON) If Toggle is true, the component is resetting (OFF) It is olny at approximation - it canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be used to calculate real world problems!

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This tutorial was particularly helpful in extending my very basic knowledge of Kangaroo. It is exciting to realise that Grasshopper can become more exact in predicting the effects on objects from exterior forces. In this way, Grasshopper becomes more realistic and more applicable to a world with gravity.

< < No n-T eachi ng p er iod we e k t wo>> E X L A B - 07.0 2 E M L - Te n s i l e a n d R i g i d B o d i e s

Again, it is important to FLATTEN lists for the inputs of kangaroo physics.

Origami folding uses an original flat surface which then is manipulated with Kangaroo Physics and Springs! 51

< < No n-T eachi ng p er iod we e k t wo>> E X L A B - 07.03 B e n d i n g a n d Hi n g es

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