REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
European Cities and Regions of the Future 2014/15 Winners LONDON HAS RETAINED ITS POSITION AS fDi’s EUROPEAN CITY OF THE FUTURE 2014/15, WHILE GERMANY’S NORDRHEINWESTFALEN HAS SAILED TO THE TOP TO RANK FIRST AMONG EUROPE’S REGIONS. CATHY McREYNOLDS REPORTS
E
urope is expanding. Its population is growing and the EU most recently welcomed a new member in the form of Croatia in July 2013. Free trade and movement of labour in the EU has countries waiting in the wings to join. In a study of the most promising investment locations in Europe, fDi Magazine has crowned London and Nordrhein-Westfalen in Germany winners of the European City and Region of the Future titles. London ranked first place in the Economic Potential category for major European cities, thanks to its vast and growing market and its significant FDI attraction – particularly in the software and IT, business services, and financial services sectors. The city also ranked second in the Infrastructure category, in part due to its forthcoming Crossrail project – the largest civil engineering project in Europe – which will provide accessible, frequent and convenient rail transportation for citizens, linking Heathrow airport, the West End of the city, the financial City of London, Canary Wharf, Kent and Essex. London is also showing a clear strategy for attracting FDI. For European Regions of the Future, Nordrhein-Westfalen ranked first, rising six places from the previ-
44
ous ranking in 2012/13. The region ranked third of all European regions for Economic Potential, due to its high GDP, its inflation rate of 2.5% and its high levels of FDI. It also performed well among large European regions in the Human Capital and Lifestyle, and Infrastructure categories, ranking second and fifth in these categories, respectively. Rising through the ranks Helsinki emerged as a new entry in the Top 25 European cities, placing second. Finland’s capital has been receiving increased attention for its efforts to attract FDI and scored particularly well for FDI Strategy. The city highlighted its focus on three key areas to promote investment: “Research, development and innovation; growth capital and hi-tech startups; and transnational functions, such as sea and air links.” The Dutch city of Eindhoven was also a new entry to the Top 25, ranking third. The city ranked first in the FDI Strategy category for all small European cities, thanks in part to its offer of incubation facilities at both the High Tech Campus in the city and the University of Technology Science Park, as well as its provision of ‘soft-landing’ services, which allow investors to establish links and
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
develop a base in the city. Eindhoven also scored well in the Infrastructure category, ranking fourth of all small European cities. There was a notable change in the overall cities ranking with new entries for Dutch cities – Rotterdam and Utrecht ranked 14th and 18th, respectively. There were also new entries for French and UK cities in the ranking, with Lyon ranking 15 t h , G r e n o b l e 17 t h a n d Birmingham 19th. UK and Spanish gains UK cities performed well in the city rankings, particularly in the midsized, small and micro city categories. Edinburgh topped the new mid-sized European cities category, which was introduced for the 2014/15 rankings. Scoring well in FDI Strategy, the city ranked first of all mid-sized European cities, and fourth of all mid-sized European cities in the Economic Potential category. Edinburgh faced competition from other UK cities in this mid-sized category with Liverpool, Newcastle upon Tyne, Coventry and Sheffield ranking third, fifth, sixth and seventh, respectively. Spanish cities dominated the southern European cities category, not surprisingly given that Spanish GDP grew at its fastest rate in six years in the final quarter of 2013, according to the Ministry of Economy and Finance. Seven Spanish cities ranked in the Top 10, with Barcelona placing first. Scotland performed well in the rankings, rising three places to rank second of all European regions. The region scored particularly well in the FDI Strategy category, thanks to a range of incentives offered, including funding and business growth services provided by the Scottish Investment Bank, its Scottish Manufacturing Advisory Service and its range of research and development credits. The region also ranked fourth of all large regions in Business Friendliness and fifth of all large European regions in the Human Capital and Lifestyle category. Copenhagen’s economic potential Copenhagen region retained its third place ranking, performing strongly in the Economic Potential category, ranking second of all small European regions. The region also ranked second of all small regions in the Business Friendliness category, presenting a low risk to investors, with low levels of February/March 2014
corruption and a straightforward approach to doing business. The region also has a strong FDI Strategy, ranking first of all small regions. Amsterdam region ranked sixth overall and placed first in the Infrastructure category. Dutch regions dominated this category, boosted by their country’s developed communications and transport networks. Regionally, the Cost Effectiveness category was predominantly made up of eastern European regions. Macedonia’s Ohrid-Struga ranked first, while Serbian regions claimed three of the overall Top 10 European places. There also featured, however, a couple of UK regions in the Cost Effectiveness category, with East Midlands and Yorkshire and Humberside proving the seventh and ninth most cost-effective large European regions. In addition, Spanish regions Andalucia and Catalonia ranked eighth and 10th of all large European regions, respectively. Europe’s strength In the year to November 2013, fDi Markets recorded 3652 greenfield FDI projects (excluding retail) in Europe. In the same period, Europe received just over a third of global FDI, the largest of any world region. Of Europe’s FDI projects, 665 investments (18.2%) were made in the software and IT sector, compared with 14.4% in Asia. Software publishing was Europe’s largest subsector, accounting for more than half of all investment in software and IT. On the whole, UK cities and regions performed well in fDi’s European Cities and Regions of the Future 2014/15, claiming top city and second place regionally. Yet, 2014 brings with it a contentious referendum that could see Scotland split from the UK as early as 2016. Details on Scottish currency and its EU membership remain unclear, begging the question, how will this affect Scotland’s strategy for attracting new, and even retaining current, foreign direct investment? As a world region, Europe has been battered by recession storms in the past few years, yet there are signs of optimism, most recently with Ireland and Spain exiting their bailouts. Could we see a marked improvement in Ireland or Spain’s performance in the next rankings? ■
TOP 25 EUROPEAN CITIES OVERALL RANK
CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
London Helsinki Eindhoven Cambridge Dublin Munich Barcelona Berlin Amsterdam Reading Edinburgh Vienna Glasgow Rotterdam Lyon Paris Grenoble Utrecht Birmingham Ghent Liverpool Lisbon Derby Cork Galway
UK Finland Netherlands UK Ireland Germany Spain Germany Netherlands UK UK Austria UK Netherlands France France France Netherlands UK Belgium UK Portugal UK Ireland Ireland
TOP 25 EUROPEAN REGIONS OVERALL RANK REGION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 23 24 25
COUNTRY
Nordrhein-Westfalen Germany Scotland UK Copenhagen Denmark Greater Stockholm Region Sweden Île-de-France France Amsterdam Region Netherlands Bristol and Bath UK Greater Zurich Region Switzerland Utrecht Netherlands Brabant Netherlands Wales UK South East UK UK Northern Ireland UK Val De Marne France Lombardy Italy Wallonia Belgium West Holland Netherlands Oxfordshire UK Norfolk UK Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire UK Sheffield City Region UK Isle of Man UK Dorset UK Liverpool City Region UK Hampshire UK North Holland Netherlands
Follow discussion of the rankings on Twitter: #ECRF14
www.fDiIntelligence.com
45
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
Cities TOP 10 NORTHERN EUROPEAN CITIES EXCLUDING UK AND IRELAND
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Finland Iceland Sweden Denmark Finland Sweden Finland Lithuania Sweden Norway
Helsinki Reykjavik Stockholm Copenhagen Espoo Lund Vantaa Vilnius Malmö Oslo
TOP 10 SOUTHERN EUROPEAN CITIES
TOP 10 CITIES – UK AND IRELAND
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK UK Ireland UK UK UK UK UK UK Ireland
London Cambridge Dublin Reading Edinburgh Glasgow Birmingham Liverpool Derby Cork
TOP 10 EASTERN EUROPEAN CITIES
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Spain Portugal Portugal Spain Spain Spain Spain Macedonia Spain Spain
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Hungary Poland Poland Czech Republic Russia Czech Republic Poland Czech Republic Slovakia Czech Republic
Barcelona Lisbon Porto Bilbao Valencia Madrid Murcia Skopje Seville Malaga
Budapest Wroclaw Katowice Plzen Moscow Brno Poznan Ostrava Bratislava Prague
TOP 10 WESTERN EUROPEAN CITIES
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Germany Germany Netherlands Austria Netherlands France France France Netherlands
Eindhoven Munich Berlin Amsterdam Vienna Rotterdam Lyon Paris Grenoble Utrecht
Driving growth: Munich is second in the western European city ranking
46
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 NORTHERN EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
TOP 10 SOUTHERN EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK UK Finland UK UK UK UK UK UK UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Spain Portugal Portugal Spain Macedonia Spain Spain Spain Spain Slovenia
London Glasgow Helsinki Edinburgh Liverpool Birmingham Derby Sunderland Sheffield Cambridge
TOP 10 EASTERN EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
Barcelona Lisbon Porto Bilbao Skopje Murcia Valencia Malaga Seville Lendava
TOP 10 WESTERN EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Poland Poland Poland Czech Republic Poland Czech Republic Czech Republic Poland Ukraine Poland
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany Netherlands Germany Belgium France Austria France Germany France Belgium
Katowice Wroclaw Poznan Ostrava Lodz Plzen Brno Lublin Kharkiv Krakow
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – OVERALL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Finland Ireland Spain Germany Austria France Belgium Hungary Russia
London Helsinki Dublin Barcelona Berlin Vienna Paris Brussels Budapest Moscow
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
Berlin Eindhoven Munich Ghent Lyon Vienna Grenoble Leipzig Bordeaux Antwerp
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK France Belgium Ireland Finland Sweden Russia Italy Denmark Germany
London Paris Brussels Dublin Helsinki Stockholm Moscow Milan Copenhagen Berlin
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Brussels Paris London Athens Stockholm Madrid Vienna Dublin Barcelona Helsinki
Belgium France UK Greece Sweden Spain Austria Ireland Spain Finland
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bulgaria Georgia Romania Serbia Czech Republic Turkey Hungary Ukraine Belarus Poland
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
Sofia Tbilisi Bucharest Belgrade Prague Ankara Budapest Kiev Minsk Warsaw
49
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – INFRASTRUCTURE
TOP 10 MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
France UK Germany Denmark Spain Belgium Spain Finland Austria Sweden
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Russia Ireland France Hungary Poland Turkey Belgium Czech Republic Spain
Paris London Berlin Copenhagen Barcelona Brussels Madrid Helsinki Vienna Stockholm
London Moscow Dublin Paris Budapest Warsaw Istanbul Brussels Prague Madrid
TOP MAJOR EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Germany UK Finland Spain Austria Ireland Ukraine Hungary Georgia
Berlin London Helsinki Barcelona Vienna Dublin Kiev Budapest Tbilisi
Note: List restricted due to shortage of suitable entries.
50
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – OVERALL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany Netherlands UK Netherlands UK Portugal Germany Poland Poland France
Munich Amsterdam Glasgow Rotterdam Birmingham Lisbon Leipzig Wroclaw Katowice Bordeaux
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany Germany Germany Germany Netherlands Germany Norway Germany Germany Germany
Munich Stuttgart Dresden Cologne Amsterdam Dusseldorf Oslo Frankfurt Hamburg Hanover
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Norway Netherlands UK Spain Germany Netherlands Germany Germany UK Sweden
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Latvia Moldova Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine Poland Poland Poland Poland
Oslo Amsterdam Manchester Valencia Dresden Rotterdam Frankfurt Leipzig Glasgow Gothenburg
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – INFRASTRUCTURE
Riga Chisinau Odessa Zaporizhzhya Lviv Dnipropetrovsk Lodz Krakow Poznan Wroclaw
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Germany Netherlands Germany France Germany Germany France Germany France
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Russia Netherlands Germany Norway Germany Poland UK Germany Latvia Germany
Amsterdam Frankfurt Rotterdam Hamburg Nice Dusseldorf Munich Marseille Essen Bordeaux
10 LARGE EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Poland UK Germany Portugal Germany Poland France Netherlands Poland
Glasgow Katowice Birmingham Munich Lisbon Leipzig Wroclaw Bordeaux Rotterdam Poznan
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
Saint Petersburg Amsterdam Cologne Oslo Munich Wroclaw Manchester Frankfurt Riga Hamburg
Glasgow: fDi’s leading large European City of the Future for FDI strategy
51
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – OVERALL
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK France UK Belgium UK UK UK Portugal Spain Switzerland
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switzerland UK Germany UK Sweden France France Italy Germany Germany
Edinburgh Lyon Liverpool Antwerp Newcastle upon Tyne Coventry Sheffield Porto Bilbao Zurich
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
Zurich Bristol Nurnberg Edinburgh Malmö Toulouse Rennes Bologna Duisburg Bremen
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Greece France France France France Switzerland Spain UK France UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Lithuania Romania Estonia Ukraine Czech Republic Czech Republic Ukraine Poland Poland Poland
Thessaloniki Montpellier Lyon Nantes Rennes Zurich Santa Cruz de Tenerife Nottingham Strasbourg Newcastle upon Tyne
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – INFRASTRUCTURE
Vilnius Iasi Tallinn Sevastopol Brno Ostrava Mykolaiv Szczecin Bydgoszcz Gdansk
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switzerland Netherlands Germany Germany France France Belgium France France Lithuania
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switzerland UK Belgium Czech Republic Estonia Lithuania UK UK UK UK
Zurich The Hague Bremen Duisburg Rennes Lyon Antwerp Nantes Toulouse Vilnius
Zurich Coventry Antwerp Brno Tallinn Vilnius Bristol Edinburgh Belfast Cardiff
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK UK France UK Portugal UK Spain Belgium Czech Republic UK
Edinburgh Liverpool Lyon Sheffield Porto Newcastle upon Tyne Bilbao Antwerp Ostrava Doncaster
Thessaloniki: leading the way for human capital and lifestyle
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
53
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – OVERALL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands UK UK France Netherlands Belgium UK Ireland UK UK
Eindhoven Cambridge Reading Grenoble Utrecht Ghent Derby Cork York Derry/Londonderry
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switzerland Switzerland UK Finland UK UK Netherlands Sweden UK Germany
Geneva Basel Cambridge Espoo Aberdeen Reading Eindhoven Lund Oxford Aachen
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK France UK UK France UK UK Sweden UK Germany
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Macedonia Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria Lithuania Lithuania Romania Montenegro
54
Cambridge Grenoble Oxford Brighton Lille Exeter Middlesbrough Lund Dundee Bremerhaven
Skopje Plovdiv Pleven Burgas Varna Ruse Kaunas Klaipeda Constanta Podgorica
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – INFRASTRUCTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Netherlands Finland Netherlands Switzerland Netherlands UK UK France Switzerland
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ireland UK UK Slovakia UK UK UK Switzerland UK Macedonia
Slough Utrecht Vantaa Eindhoven Basel Maastricht Milton Keynes St Albans Lille Geneva
Cork Reading Derry/Londonderry Bratislava Cambridge Southampton Walsall Geneva Oxford Skopje
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Belgium UK UK France UK UK UK UK Macedonia
Eindhoven Ghent Derby Sunderland Grenoble Cambridge Reading York Peterborough Skopje
Bangor: number one micro-sized European city for human capital and lifestyle
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – OVERALL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ireland Ireland Ireland Germany UK UK UK UK UK UK
Galway Waterford Limerick Coburg Bath Durham Hemel Hempstead Chester Lancaster Inverness
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Luxembourg Ireland UK UK Germany France UK UK Ireland Belgium
Luxembourg Galway Harwich Bath Coburg Monaco Chester Durham Limerick Mechelen
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK UK UK UK UK UK Germany Ireland UK France
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Macedonia Macedonia Latvia Latvia Latvia Serbia Serbia Serbia Serbia Serbia
56
Bangor Durham Bath Lancaster Chester Inverness Coburg Limerick Lincoln Pau
Stip Municipality of Veles Liepaja Ventspils Jelgava Zajecar Vranje Zrenjanin Sremska Mitrovica Municipality of Ruma
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – INFRASTRUCTURE
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Luxembourg UK Belgium France France France UK UK UK UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Ireland Ireland Ireland Ireland UK Ireland Luxembourg Estonia Belgium
Luxembourg Hemel Hempstead Mechelen Cannes Monaco Pau Lancaster Grimsby Inverness Bath
Newry Shannon Galway Drogheda Limerick Hemel Hempstead Waterford Luxembourg Tartu Mechelen
TOP 10 MICRO EUROPEAN CITIES – FDI STRATEGY
RANK CITY
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ireland Ireland Latvia Latvia Ireland Slovenia Germany Serbia Croatia Serbia
Waterford Galway Ventspils Liepaja Limerick Lendava Coburg Zajecar Ivanec Vranje
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
59
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
Regions TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany Switzerland Germany UK France Denmark Germany Sweden Switzerland Russia
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Greece UK UK Russia Germany UK Sweden Spain Denmark UK
Baden-Wurttemberg Greater Zurich Region Nordrhein-Westfalen South East UK Île-de-France Copenhagen Bavaria Greater Stockholm Region Geneva (Canton) Central Federal District
TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – COST EFFECTIVENESS
Attica Isle of Man South East UK Ust-Labinsk Nordrhein-Westfalen South West UK Greater Stockholm Region Comunidad de Madrid Copenhagen Scotland
TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – INFRASTRUCTURE
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Macedonia Bulgaria Serbia Serbia Serbia Hungary Ukraine Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Romania
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Netherlands France France Germany France Switzerland Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands
Ohrid-Struga Stara Zagora Sremska Mitrovica Vojvodina Region Municipality of Indjija South Transdanubian Region Luhansk Bear Micro-region Poltava Bucuresti – Ilfov
TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
Amsterdam Region North Holland Val De Marne Île-de-France Hesse Yvelines Greater Zurich Region Zuid-Holland West Holland Utrecht
TOP 10 EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Ireland France Germany UK Russia UK UK Spain Denmark
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Netherlands Denmark Sweden Germany UK Belgium Switzerland Italy France
South East UK Dublin Region Île-de-France Nordrhein-Westfalen Scotland Central Federal District North West UK West Midlands Catalonia Copenhagen
Scotland Brabant Copenhagen Greater Stockholm Region Nordrhein-Westfalen Northern Ireland Wallonia Greater Zurich Region Tuscany Val De Marne
The Ohrid-Struga region: number one for cost effectiveness in Europe
60
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 NORTHERN EUROPEAN REGIONS
TOP 10 SOUTHERN EUROPEAN REGIONS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
UK Denmark Sweden UK UK UK UK UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Italy Italy Spain Spain Italy Spain Slovenia Portugal Greece Spain
10
Scotland Copenhagen Greater Stockholm Region Wales South East UK Northern Ireland Oxfordshire Norfolk Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Sheffield City Region
UK UK
TOP 10 EASTERN EUROPEAN REGIONS
Lombardy Tuscany Catalonia Comunidad de Madrid Emilia-Romagna Aragon Pomurje Lisbon Region Attica Valencia
TOP 10 WESTERN EUROPEAN REGIONS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Czech Republic Czech Republic Czech Republic Russia Poland Poland Romania Poland Slovakia Poland
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany France Netherlands Switzerland Netherlands Netherlands France Belgium Netherlands Netherlands
Pardubice Plzen Prague Central Federal District Malopolska Metropolis Silesia Bucuresti – Ilfov Wielkopolska Bratislava Masovian (Mazowieckie)
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
Nordrhein-Westfalen Île-de-France Amsterdam Region Greater Zurich Region Utrecht Brabant Val De Marne Wallonia West Holland North Holland
63
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP NORTHERN EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
TOP 10 SOUTHERN EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 =7 =7 =8 =8 9
UK Denmark Sweden UK UK UK Finland UK Finland UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Italy Italy Slovenia Serbia Italy Macedonia Spain Bosnia-Herzegovina Croatia Croatia
10
Scotland Copenhagen Greater Stockholm Region Northern Ireland Bristol and Bath Sheffield City Region Kainuu Region Oxfordshire Seinäjoki Wales Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Isle of Man
Tuscany Lombardy Pomurje Vojvodina Emilia-Romagna Ohrid-Struga Aragon Herzegovina Split-Dalmatia County Koprivnica Krizevci
UK UK
TOP 10 EASTERN EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
TOP 10 WESTERN EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Czech Republic Poland Czech Republic Ukraine Poland Poland Poland Poland Ukraine Bulgaria
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Germany Belgium Switzerland France Netherlands Netherlands France Netherlands France
Plzen Malopolska Pardubice Kharkiv Opolskie Metropolis Silesia Wielkopolska Zabkowice-Slaskie Transcarpathia Stara Zagora
Brabant Nordrhein-Westfalen Wallonia Greater Zurich Region Val De Marne Utrecht West Holland Île-de-France Amsterdam Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur
TOP 10 UK LOCAL ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIPS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3
UK UK
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sheffield City Region Oxfordshire Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Northamptonshire Liverpool City Region Dorset Cheshire and Warrington Coast to Capital Worcestershire Black Country
UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK
Tuscany ranks top southern European region for FDI Strategy
64
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – OVERALL
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany UK France UK Italy Germany Germany Spain Germany Spain
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Germany Germany UK France Germany Russia Germany Italy UK Germany
Nordrhein-Westfalen Scotland Île-de-France South East UK Lombardy Bavaria Hesse Catalonia Baden-Wurttemberg Comunidad de Madrid
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
Baden-Wurttemberg Nordrhein-Westfalen South East UK Île-de-France Bavaria Central Federal District Hesse Lombardy Scotland Lower Saxony
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK Germany UK Spain UK France Spain UK Germany Germany
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Poland Poland Hungary Poland Poland Spain UK Spain UK Spain
South East UK Nordrhein-Westfalen South West UK Madrid Scotland Île-de-France Catalonia East of England Bavaria Hesse
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
Metropolis Silesia Silesian (Slaskie) Great Plain and North Katowice Masovian (Mazowieckie) Valencia East Midlands Andalucia Yorkshire and Humberside Catalonia
67
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – INFRASTRUCTURE
TOP 10 LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
France Germany Belgium Germany Germany Spain Germany Spain UK Germany
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UK France Germany UK Russia UK UK Spain Italy Spain
Île-de-France Hesse Flanders Bavaria Nordrhein-Westfalen Catalonia Baden-Wurttemberg Madrid South East UK Lower Saxony
South East UK Île-de-France Nordrhein-Westfalen Scotland Central Federal District North West UK West Midlands Catalonia Lombardy Comunidad de Madrid
TOP LARGE EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6
UK Germany Italy France Italy Poland
Scotland Nordrhein-Westfalen Lombardy Île-de-France Emilia-Romagna Metropolis Silesia
Note: List restricted due to shortage of suitable entries. Fertile: Nordrhein-Westfalen, home to the city of Dusseldorf, tops the overall regions ranking for European Region of the Future 2014/2015
68
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – OVERALL
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 =9 =9 10
Sweden Netherlands Netherlands UK UK Belgium Netherlands UK UK Netherlands Italy
1 2 3 4
Sweden Netherlands Netherlands
Greater Stockholm Region Amsterdam Region Brabant Wales Northern Ireland Wallonia West Holland Sheffield City Region Liverpool City Region North Holland Tuscany
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
5 6 7 8 9 10
Greater Stockholm Region Brabant Amsterdam Region Greater Birmingham and Solihull Thames Valley North Holland Zuid-Holland Bucuresti – Ilfov Rheinland-Pfalz Region Wien
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sweden Netherlands Austria Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands UK UK UK UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Greater Stockholm Region Zuid-Holland Wien Amsterdam Region North Holland Brabant Thames Valley Wales South East UK South of London/Sussex
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – INFRASTRUCTURE
UK UK Netherlands Netherlands Romania Germany Austria
COUNTRY
Vojvodina Region Serbia Luhansk Ukraine Bucuresti – Ilfov Romania Herzegovina Bosnia-Herzegovina Zaporizhia Ukraine Lviv Ukraine Lower Silesian (Dolnoslaskie) Poland Greater Poland (Wielkopolskie) Poland Wielkopolska Poland Lesser Poland (Malopolskie) Poland
TOP 10 MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands Netherlands Germany France France Belgium Sweden
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Czech Republic Netherlands Sweden Romania Netherlands UK Netherlands UK Austria UK
Amsterdam Region North Holland Zuid-Holland West Holland Brabant Rheinland-Pfalz Bretagne Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur Wallonia Greater Stockholm Region
Prague North Holland Greater Stockholm Region Bucuresti – Ilfov Amsterdam Region Wales Zuid-Holland North East UK Wien Northern Ireland
TOP MID-SIZED EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 =10 =10
Netherlands Sweden UK Belgium Italy UK UK Netherlands Netherlands UK Poland
Brabant Greater Stockholm Region Northern Ireland Wallonia Tuscany Sheffield City Region Wales West Holland Amsterdam Region Liverpool City Region Malopolska
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
69
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – OVERALL
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – ECONOMIC POTENTIAL
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Denmark UK Switzerland Netherlands France UK UK
1 2 3 4 5
Switzerland Denmark Switzerland Ireland
9 10
Copenhagen Bristol and Bath Greater Zurich Region Utrecht Val De Marne Oxfordshire Norfolk Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Isle of Man Dorset
UK UK UK
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE
6 7 8 9 10
Greater Zurich Region Copenhagen Geneva (Canton) Dublin Region Greater Cambridge and Greater Peterborough Luxembourg Region Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Utrecht Brussels Capital Region West of England
UK Luxembourg UK Netherlands Belgium UK
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – COST EFFECTIVENESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Greece UK Russia Denmark Switzerland Sweden Germany Belgium UK UK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Macedonia Bulgaria Serbia Serbia Hungary Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine
Attica Isle of Man Ust-Labinsk Copenhagen Greater Zurich Region Vasterbotten Landkreis Wurzburg Brussels Capital Region Flintshire Oxfordshire
Ohrid-Struga Stara Zagora Sremska Mitrovica Municipality of Indjija South Transdanubian Region Bear Micro-region Poltava Transcarpathia Shumsk Ternopil
The Greater Zurich Region ranks first for economic potential of all the small regions in Europe
70
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – INFRASTRUCTURE
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
France France Switzerland Netherlands Luxembourg UK Germany Switzerland Netherlands Denmark
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ireland Denmark Belgium UK Netherlands Ireland Slovakia Switzerland Switzerland UK
Val De Marne Yvelines Greater Zurich Region Utrecht Luxembourg Region Lancashire Landkreis Wurzburg Geneva (Canton) Limburg Region Copenhagen
Dublin Region Copenhagen Brussels Capital Region Norfolk Utrecht West Ireland Bratislava Greater Zurich Region Geneva (Canton) Hampshire
TOP 10 SMALL EUROPEAN REGIONS – FDI STRATEGY
RANK REGION
COUNTRY
1 2 3 4 5 6
Denmark Switzerland France UK UK
7 8 9 10
Copenhagen Greater Zurich Region Val De Marne Bristol & Bath Oxfordshire Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Isle of Man Hampshire Utrecht Northamptonshire
UK UK UK Netherlands UK
POPULATION CATEGORIES
For the 2014/15 ranking, fDi introduced new population category parameters. To categorise cities, fDi took into account both the population of the immediate city area and that of the metropolitan area. In addition, where locations were in the large or major categories, we took into consideration the location’s receipt of FDI as a percentage of the country’s overall total. City size categories Major cities: The cities in this category had an immediate city population of more than 750,000 plus a metropolitan area population of more than 2 million, or a metropolitan area population of more than 4 million. Large cities: This category included those cities with an immediate city population of more than 500,000 plus a metropolitan area of more than 1 million, or a metropolitan area of more than 2 million people. Mid-sized cities: The cities in this category had an immediate city popula-
February/March 2014
www.fDiIntelligence.com
tion of more than 200,000 plus a metropolitan area population of more than 750,000, or an immediate city population of more than 350,000. Small cities: Cities categorised as small had an immediate city population of between 100,000 and 350,000. Micro cities: Micro cities had an immediate city population of fewer than 100,000. City FDI parameters Where a capital city was not considered as a major city by population, we looked at its inward FDI figures. Any capital city not considered as major by population that received more than 35% of its country’s FDI was upgraded to the major category, where its country had more than 55 projects for the previous two years’ complete data, in this case 2011 and 2012. For example, by population, Copenhagen was considered a large city in the 2013 classifications. However, it received 23 of Denmark’s 60 projects from 2011 and 2012, or 38%. Because Denmark’s figure was more than 55, and Copenhagen
received more than 35% of that, it was moved from large to major. We only took into consideration capital cities here. In addition, we looked at the FDI stats for any non-capital cities that were classified as major in 2013 due to their population figures. In this case, any non-capital city considered to be major by population must have received 10% of its country’s FDI levels using the previous two years’ full data, in this case 2011 and 2012. If the city received less than 10%, it was moved from the major category to the large category. For example, by population, Munich was considered a major city in the 2013 classifications. However, it received 106 of Germany’s 1551 projects in 2011 and 2012, or 6.8%. Because it received less than 10% of Germany’s FDI in this time, it was moved from major to large. Regional size categories Large: More than 4 million people Medium: Between 1.5 million and 4 million people Small: Fewer than 1.5 million people
73
REGIONS EUROPEAN CITIES AND REGIONS OF THE FUTURE
JUDGING PANEL DOUGLAS CLARK Director, Location Connections
LAURENT SANSOUCY Director, OCO Global
METHODOLOGY To create a shortlist for the fDi European Cities and Regions of the Future 2014/2015, the fDi Intelligence division of the Financial Times collected data using the specialist online FDI tools fDi Benchmark and fDi Markets, as well as other sources. Data was collected for 468 locations, both cities
DATA POINTS BARRIE DAVID Senior research consultant, Cushman & Wakefield LLP
MICHAL KACZMARSKI Europe editor, fDi Magazine
CATHY McREYNOLDS Senior investment analyst, fDi Intelligence
STUART MILLER Managing partner, Miller Rosenflack LLP
ECONOMIC POTENTIAL ČŠ 3RSXODWLRQ ČŠ 3RSXODWLRQ JURZWK UDWH ČŠ 8QHPSOR\PHQW UDWH ČŠ ,QIODWLRQ ČŠ *'3 SXUFKDVLQJ SRZHU SDULW\ (PPP) current â‚Źm) ČŠ *'3 SHU FDSLWD 333 FXUUHQW ČĄ
ČŠ *'3 IRUHFDVW ČŠ *'3 SHU FDSLWD JURZWK ČŠ 2XWZDUG )', -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ 2013 ČŠ 2XWZDUG )', SHU SHRSOH -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ ČŠ ,QZDUG )', -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ 2013 ČŠ ,QZDUG )', SHU SHRSOH -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ ČŠ )', LQ UHVHDUFK DQG GHYHORSPHQW and design, development and WHVWLQJ -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ ČŠ )', LQ PDQXIDFWXULQJ -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ ČŠ 1XPEHU RI PHJDSURMHFWV E\ capital expenditure (more than e P -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ 2013, excluding estimates ČŠ 1XPEHU RI PHJDSURMHFWV E\ capital expenditure (more than ÂŁ100m) per 100,000 people, -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ excluding estimates ČŠ 1XPEHU RI PHJDSURMHFWV E\ MREV (more than 1000 jobs), January WR -XO\ H[FOXGLQJ estimates ČŠ 1XPEHU RI PHJDSURMHFWV E\ MREV (more than 1000 jobs) per SHRSOH -DQXDU\ WR July 2013, excluding estimates ČŠ ,QYHVWRU VLJQDOV ČŠ 1XPEHU RI SDWHQWV WR ČŠ 1XPEHU RI SDWHQWV SHU people, 2003 to 2012 ČŠ 1XPEHU RI SDWHQWV WR ČŠ 3HUFHQWDJH JURZWK LQ QXPEHU RI patents, 2003 to 2009 vs 2003 to 2012 ČŠ 1RPLQDO JURZWK LQ QXPEHU RI patents, 2003 to 2009 vs 2003 to 2012 ČŠ &RPELQHG QRPLQDO DQG percentage growth patent figures HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFESTYLE ČŠ /DERXU IRUFH DV D SHUFHQWDJH RI the population ČŠ /LWHUDF\ UDWH ČŠ 6HFRQGDU\ HQUROPHQW UDWH ČŠ 7HUWLDU\ HQUROPHQW UDWH ČŠ (GXFDWLRQ H[SHQGLWXUH ČŠ 1XPEHU RI XQLYHUVLWLHV ČŠ 1XPEHU RI LQWHUQDWLRQDO baccalaureate schools
74
and regions, in five categories: Economic Potential, Human Capital and Lifestyle, Cost Effectiveness, Infrastructure and Business Friendliness. In addition, surveys were collected under a sixth category, FDI Strategy, for which there were 180 submissions. In this category, locations submitted details about their strategy for promot-
ing FDI, which was then scored by fDi’s judging panel. Locations scored up to a maximum of 10 points for each datapoint, which were weighted by importance to the FDI decisionmaking process in order to compile both the subcategory rankings, as well as the overall European Cities and Regions of the Future 2014/2015 ranking.
ČŠ 1XPEHU RI WRS XQLYHUVLWLHV ČŠ 1XPEHU RI VWXGHQWV ČŠ 7KLUG OHYHO VWXGHQWV DV D percentage of the population ČŠ /DERXU IRUFH ZLWK WHUWLDU\ education ČŠ %UDLQ GUDLQ ČŠ 4XDOLW\ RI OLIH ČŠ 4XDOLW\ RI OLIH ČŠ &KDQJH LQ TXDOLW\ RI OLIH ČŠ +XPDQ 'HYHORSPHQW ,QGH[ ČŠ 1XPEHU RI GRFWRUV SHU people ČŠ /LIH H[SHFWDQF\
ČŠ &RQWDLQHU WUDIILF WKURXJK ORFDO SRUW (TEUs) ČŠ 0RELOH SKRQH VXEVFULEHUV per 100 people ČŠ *URZWK LQ PRELOH SKRQH subscribers, 2005 vs 2011 ČŠ (QYLURQPHQWDO 3HUIRUPDQFH ,QGH[ 2012 ČŠ /RJLVWLFV 3HUIRUPDQFH ,QGH[ ČŠ 1HWZRUN 5HDGLQHVV ,QGH[ ČŠ 4XDOLW\ RI RYHUDOO LQIUDVWUXFWXUH ČŠ 4XDOLW\ RI URDGV ČŠ 4XDOLW\ RI UDLOURDG LQIUDVWUXFWXUH
COST EFFECTIVENESS Ȋ $YHUDJH DQQXDO VDODU\ IRU DQ unskilled worker (₏) Ȋ $YHUDJH DQQXDO VDODU\ IRU D VHPL skilled worker (₏) Ȋ $YHUDJH DQQXDO VDODU\ IRU D VNLOOHG worker (₏) Ȋ $QQXDO UHQW IRU SULPH JUDGH $ office space ($ per m²) Ȋ $QQXDO UHQW IRU SULPH JUDGH $ industrial space ($ per m²) Ȋ 5DWH IRU D IRXU RU ILYH VWDU KRWHO LQ the city centre ($) Ȋ 0LQLPXP ZDJH ȥ SHU KRXU
ČŠ &RVW RI HVWDEOLVKLQJ D EXVLQHVV (absolute value using gross national income (GNI) from WDG) ČŠ &RVW RI UHJLVWHULQJ D SURSHUW\ (percentage of property cost) ČŠ &RVW RI FRQVWUXFWLRQ SHUPLWV (absolute value using GNI from WDG) ČŠ 3HWURO SULFHV ČĄ SHU OLWUH
ČŠ &RVW RI HOHFWULFLW\ ČĄ SHU NLORZDWW hour) ČŠ &RVW WR H[SRUW SHU FRQWDLQHU
ČŠ &RVW WR LPSRUW SHU FRQWDLQHU
ČŠ &RUSRUDWLRQ WD[ UDWH ČŠ 9DOXH DGGHG WD[ ČŠ 7RWDO WD[ UDWH SHUFHQWDJH RI SURILW ČŠ &RXQWU\ 333 H[FKDQJH UDWH INFRASTRUCTURE ČŠ 8SORDG VSHHG NLORE\WHV SHU second) ČŠ 'RZQORDG VSHHG NE V
ČŠ *URZWK LQ LQWHUQHW XVHUV ČŠ 3HUFHQWDJH RI SHRSOH XVLQJ WKH internet, 2011 ČŠ ,QIRUPDWLRQ DQG &RPPXQLFDWLRQV Technology Development Index ČŠ 1XPEHU RI DLUSRUWV ZLWKLQ kilometres of the city ČŠ 1XPEHU RI LQWHUQDWLRQDO destinations served ČŠ 'LVWDQFH WR WKH DLUSRUW WKDW provides the majority of flights ZLWKLQ D NP UDGLXV RI WKH FLW\ ČŠ 6L]H RI ORFDO SRUW ČŠ /LQHU VKLSSLQJ FRQQHFWLYLW\ LQGH[ 2012 ČŠ &DUJR YROXPH WKURXJK ORFDO SRUW (tonnes)
BUSINESS FRIENDLINESS ČŠ 7RWDO QXPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH high-tech manufacturing sector, 2012 ČŠ 7RWDO QXPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH high-tech service sector, 2012 ČŠ 7RWDO QXPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH knowledge-based sector, 2012 ČŠ 3URSRUWLRQ RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH high-tech manufacturing sector, 2012 ČŠ 3URSRUWLRQ RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH high-tech service sector, 2012 ČŠ 3URSRUWLRQ RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH knowledge-based sector, 2012 ČŠ 1XPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH KLJK tech manufacturing sector per 100,000 people ČŠ 1XPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH KLJK tech service sector per 100,000 people ČŠ 1XPEHU RI FRPSDQLHV LQ WKH knowledge-based sector per 100,000 people ČŠ 1XPEHU RI MREV FUHDWHG E\ DOO LQZDUG )', -DQXDU\ WR -XO\ 2013 ČŠ 1XPEHU RI MREV FUHDWHG E\ DOO inward FDI, 2011 ČŠ 1XPEHU RI MREV FUHDWHG E\ DOO Inward FDI, 2012 ČŠ *URZWK LQ MREV FUHDWHG E\ DOO inward FDI, 2011 vs 2012 ČŠ 1XPEHU RI H[SDQVLRQ FR ORFDWLRQ projects ČŠ 7RS :RUOG %DQNV ČŠ )7 *OREDO FRPSDQLHV ČŠ &RUSRUDWLRQ WD[ UDWH ČŠ 'D\V WDNHQ WR VWDUW D EXVLQHVV ČŠ )LULQJ FRVWV ČŠ (DVH RI 'RLQJ %XVLQHVV ,QGH[ (1=most business-friendly regulations) ČŠ )LYH \HDU FXPXODWLYH FKDQJH LQ Ease of Doing Business Index ČŠ ,QGH[ RI (FRQRPLF )UHHGRP ČŠ &RUUXSWLRQ 3HUFHSWLRQ ,QGH[ ČŠ 6WUHQJWK RI ,QYHVWRU 3URWHFWLRQ Index ČŠ &RXQWU\ ULVN VFRUH ČŠ &UHGLW UDWLQJ 6WDQGDUG 3RRUČƒV
ČŠ &KDQJH LQ FUHGLW UDWLQJ WR 2012
www.fDiIntelligence.com
February/March 2014