The Australian Orienteer – June 2010

2009 Athlete of the Year ADRIAN JACKSON

Double World Champion

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The Australian Sports Commission proudly supports Orienteering Australia The Australian Sports Commission is the Australian Government agency that develops, manages and invests in sport at all levels in Australia.

Orienteering Australia has worked closely with the Australian Sports Commission to develop orienteering from community participation to high-level performance.

AUSTRALIAN SPORTS COMMISSION

Orienteering Australia is one of many national sporting organisations that has formed a winning partnership with the Australian Sports Commission to develop its sport in Australia.

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w w w. o r i e n t e e r i n g . a s n . a u Orienteering Australia PO Box 284 Mitchell BC 2911 orienteering@netspeed.com.au w: 02 6162 1200 President: Bill Jones oa_president@netspeed.com.au h: 02 6258 6362 Director (High Performance): Eric Morris oa_highperformance@netspeed.com.au Director (Finance): Blair Trewin oa_finance@netspeed.com.au h: 03 9455 3516 Director (Development): vacant oa_development@netspeed.com.au Director (Technical): Robin Uppill oa_technical@netspeed.com.au h: 08 8278 3017 m: 0419 037 770 Director (Special Projects): Robert Spry rbspry@gmail.com IOF Vice President: Hugh Cameron oa_international@netspeed.com.au h: 02 6027 0885 Executive Officer: John Harding orienteering@netspeed.com.au 02 6162 1200 m: 0427 107 033 Manager (High Performance): Robert Preston oa_headcoach@netspeed.com.au m: 0403 296 516 Badge Applications: John Oliver 68 Amaroo Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650

STATE ASSOCIATIONS Orienteering Queensland Inc: PO Box 114 Spring Hill QLD 4004. Admin Officer: Frances Powell, Ph (07) 3379 8238 admin@oq.asn.au OA NSW: PO Box 3295, North Strathfield NSW 2137. Secretary: Dave Lotty, Ph. (02) 8116 9848 orienteering@sydney.net Orienteering ACT: PO Box 402, Jamison Centre ACT 2614. Office: John Suominen, Ph. (02) 6162 3422 orienteering.act@webone.com.au Victorian OA: PO Box 1010 Templestowe 3106. Secretary: Geoff Hudson, geoff@orienteering.com.au OA South Australia: State Association House, 73 Wakefield St Adelaide SA 5000. Secretary: Ken Thompson 08 8351 4757 secretary@oasa.net.au OA Western Australia: PO Box 234 Subiaco WA 6904. Secretary: Carol Brownlie Ph. (08) 9446 3457 carolnken@ozemail.com.au Orienteering Tasmania Inc.: PO Box 339, Sandy Bay, TAS 7005. Secretary: Sally Wayte, Ph. (03) 6234 8440 secretary@tasorienteering.asn.au Top End Orienteers (Northern Territory): PO Box 39152 Winnellie NT 0821. Secretary: David Rolland brolland@bigpond.com

NEXT ISSUE DEADLINE

July 16; Time-sensitive - July 23

ISSN 0818-6510 Issue 2/10 (no. 158) JUNE 2010

The national magazine of Orienteering Australia Inc. ABN 77 406 995 497 Published four times a year: First day of March, June, September, December. Print Post Approved PP 236080/00011 Editor: Michael Hubbert, P.O. Box 165, Warrandyte, Victoria 3113 mikehubbert@ozemail.com.au Phone (03) 9844 4878 Magazine Design & Assembly: Peter Cusworth, Ph. 0409 797 023 pcusworth@bigpond.com Magazine Treasurer: Blair Trewin Printer: Ferntree Print Centre, 1238 Burwood Hwy Upper Ferntree Gully.

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Regular Contributors: Badge Awards - John Oliver; Competition - Blair Trewin; High Performance - Eric Morris; MTBO - Blake Gordon; Official News - John Harding; Nutrition - Gillian Woodward; Training - Steve Bird; Psychology - Lisa Lampe.

Contributions are welcome, either directly or via State editorial contacts.

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CONTENTS AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS ............................... 4 S I LVA N AT I O N A L O R I E N T E E R I N G L E A G U E .. . . . . 6 MAPPING – Forbidden Features

.............. 12

H E A LT H – T i c k s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 WM85 REVISITED ................................. 19 L E T T E R S .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 N U T R I T I O N .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 N AT I O N A L J U N I O R T E A M.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6 MTBO TEAM......................................... 28 AJ’S TRAINING DIARY............................ 29 MTBO SELECTION TRIALS........................ 30 C L I M AT E C H A N G E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 O - S P Y.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 TOP EVENTS......................................... 36 E X E C U T I V E M AT T E R S.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8

Front Cover: 2009 Athlete of the Year - Adrian Jackson - double World Champion. Photo: Dan Chissick (Israel).

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 3 JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 5

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

ASC Galaxy Sprint winners & placegetters: L to R: (back row) Simon Uppill, Dave Shepherd, Julian Dent, Ian Lawford, Lachlan Dow. (front row) Vanessa Round, Anna Sheldon, Shannon Jones, Lilian Burrill, Belinda Lawford, Sarah Buckerfield. (absent - Joshua Blatchford)

The Trewin Report Blair Trewin

2010 brought Australian Orienteering a Canberra-based Easter, for the first time in a decade, and a mixture of terrain, from the often rugged granite of Gudgenby on the Saturday to the fast gully-spur pine forest of Kowen on Sunday, finishing near Collector on the Monday. A lot of things can happen over three days (or four for the elites, including the Friday Sprint prologue), and many classes which were looking predictable on Sunday night turned out to be somewhat less predictable come Monday afternoon.

4 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

T

he two Open classes provided a complete contrast between predictability and unpredictability. Julian Dent went in as a heavy favourite in M21E, with Simon Uppill and Dave Shepherd equally heavily favoured to fight out the minor placings, and so it proved. Dent won all four races, the Sprint by 44 seconds and the remaining three by between three and six minutes, and ended up fourteen minutes clear.

The battle for second was much closer with Uppill and Shepherd seconds apart on three of the four days; Uppill won the contest thanks to a win by 2min 21sec on the Long Distance day at Kowen, much of that break established on the long uphill seventh leg. No-one else managed to break into the top three on any day – the Easter of Bryan Keely, perhaps the most likely to do so, ended after an ankle injury on Saturday. Rob Preston, fourth on the last three days, was best of the rest, but perhaps more interesting was the performance of Ian Meyer, who ran top-six placings on all four days on his way to a career-best fifth.

W21E was turned upside down by the end of the second day. Kathryn Ewels went in as favourite and Shannon Jones not far behind, but both had mispunched by then, Jones in the Sprint and Ewels in the Middle Distance. Two other casualties of the Sprint were not such obvious title contenders but would, as it turned out, have challenged seriously for the overall title otherwise; Tracy Marsh mispunched and Anna Sheldon (who eventually finished

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

fourth) missed her start by ten minutes after misreading her start time. In amongst the carnage, Jasmine Neve won the first two days and established a useful three-minute lead over Susanne Casanova going into the final-day chasing start, but the drama wasn’t finished yet. Vanessa Round made a charge from third place, six minutes down on Neve and three on Casanova. By #13 she had run through her Arrows teammate, and by #15, the end of the butterfly loops, she was within nineteen seconds of Neve after the Victorian had lost time at #6 and #12. On the next leg she took the lead, and ran away over the next few legs on her way to an unexpected 53sec win. Neve was second and Casanova third.

The junior women were also turned upside down over the first two days, first when clear favourite Belinda Lawford mispunched in the Sprint, and then when many of the field, including several who were fancied, lost significant time in the low-visibility granite that made up the first half of the Saturday course (something they had in common with many other classes). Claire Butler’s technical ability came to the fore with a win that day which left her just behind Lilian Burrill and just ahead of Sarah Buckerfield, but the decisive move was made on the Long Distance day, on which Buckerfield scored a commanding six-minute win over Butler. That gave her a useful lead which she extended further on the final day to have nearly five minutes in hand. Burrill was ill on the Long Distance day and dropped back into a battle for third with Brea Pearce, but won that comfortably. Pearce, in turn, injured an ankle on the final day and dropped back into a four-way race with Georgia Parsons, Emily Prudhoe and Michele Dawson, with two or possibly three JWOC places on offer, but held on to finish fourth. Lawford gained a consolation last-day win which secured her own JWOC place.

The junior men got off to a memorable start when only nine seconds covered the top six in the Sprint, with Leon Keely leading the way. Lachlan Dow was a little behind that bunch after unwisely choosing to take on some green, but won the next two days to give himself a comfortable four-minute lead.

The impressive Oliver Poland, still eligible for M16, completed an excellent Easter (in which he was top three every day) by cutting that in half on the last day, but Dow’s victory was never in serious doubt. For three days Ian Lawford looked like he might have made it an ACT treble, but Kurt Neumann, who had been playing catch-up since a poor Sprint, won the last day to overrun him. A further close contest, in a deep field, was that for fifth in which Oscar Phillips was just ahead of Max Neve.

The younger juniors turned on two excellent duels, too. Matt Doyle diced with Henry McNulty over three close days in M14; they were separated by only three seconds with two controls to go, before Doyle extended that to seventeen at the end. In W14 Anna Dowling overturned a two-minute gap to Lanita Steer (whose sister, Asha in W12, was one of eight to win an A class on all three days) to win by just over a minute.

The M16 and W16 fields were depleted because some of the best, notably Oliver Poland, Michele Dawson and Oscar McNulty, were otherwise engaged in pursuit of JWOC places.

In Dawson’s absence, Jacqui Doyle made it a family double with a comprehensive victory, while M16 saw the emergence

of a significant new talent in the form of Tasmania’s Brodie Nankervis; like Doyle, he won the first two days and was a close second on the third on the way to an eleven-minute win.

Last-day turnarounds were a feature of many of the veteran classes, although most of the last-day charges were unsuccessful, with several classes featuring leads of several minutes after two days which shrank to not many seconds after three. Steve Doyle fell 56secs short of running down a six-minute gap to Martin Wehner in M45; Tim Hatley was 19secs behind at the finish line after starting the last day four minutes behind Eoin Rothery in M50; and Sue Hancock held on by 28secs against Clare Leung in W45, having finished Sunday four minutes ahead. In contrast, M40 was very tight for two and a half days until Jock Davis ran away from Jon McComb over the closing stages to finish five minutes ahead.

Two classes which did feature successful last-day chases were W40 and W65. Jenny Enderby was eight minutes behind Cathy McComb in W40 after six controls on the first day, and spent the remainder of the weekend trying to chase that gap down. She left it until almost the last possible moment, finally taking the lead for the first time at the second-last control and winning by eighteen seconds. Ann Ingwersen won the first two days to lead Jean Baldwin by four minutes in W65 (two other contenders, Jenny Hawkins and Penny Dufty, had mispunched on the first day), but a combination of two significant early mistakes by Ingwersen and an outstanding final-day run by Baldwin – who beat all of the W60s on the same course – saw that become a six-minute deficit.

Individual excellence took priority over excitement in several other classes where the leaders won all three days and had double-digit leads. Most impressive of all was John Brock, not often sighted outside Tasmania in recent years, as he won M65 by 27 minutes; his nearest challenger, Graham Fowler, managed the rare feat of coming second despite not placing on any day. Not for the first time, Geoff Lawford (M55) and Jenny Bourne (W50) dominated their classes – with secondplaced Paul Pacque and Anthea Feaver also well ahead of any other rivals – while Pauli Piiroinen (M75) and Maureen Ogilvie (W75) also swept their classes. A similar sweep was achieved by Clare Hawthorne, in a small W35 class which featured three Australian JWOC representatives of the early 1990s (Susie Kluth (formerly Hogg) and Belinda Allison being the others).

The normally highly competitive M60 class was a no-contest this time (at least for the win), as wins on the first and third days gave Nigel Davies a seven-minute lead over Adrian Uppill, and John Hodsdon was even more untroubled in M70. Sue Key lost half her six-minute lead to Liz Wood on the last day in W55 but never really looked like losing the race, and there was a similar margin in W60, where Anna Booth’s consistency gave her a first major national event win despite not winning any of the days.

Many of the field moved on to the Eucumbene area the following week. For the remainder, the next national gathering will be in South Australia in October which, like Easter, will be a chance for areas reasonably familiar to the locals to enter the national stage.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 5

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

SILVA National Orienteering League Blair Trewin

T

he team awards in the SILVA National Orienteering League, after ten rounds, look set to go the same way as they did in 2009. The NSW Stingers have dominated the men’s competition. While they did not get off to a long winning streak at the start of the season as they did last year, they have dropped points only in the first round at Chewton, and now lead by 30 points. Julian Dent has led the way, with plenty of depth in support; an unexpected bonus has been the emergence of Ian Meyer, currently fourth in the men’s individual competition. There is a tight three-way battle for second, with the Southern Arrows currently three points ahead of the Canberra Cockatoos, and the Victorian Nuggets in fourth. The Cockatoos lost ground over Easter with some of their key team members missing through organising commitments or injury, but the Arrows will be on home ground for the closing races of the season.

The Victorian Nuggets also look like defending their women’s title, leading by 14 points at the season’s halfway point. The contest for the minor placings is still wide open, with only the Tassie Foresters and Western Nomads out of contention, and the places from second to fifth regularly reshuffling through the season. The Southern Arrows currently hold second, but the Cockatoos women (who also struggled at Easter) and the Queensland Cyclones (whose ranks were depleted on ACT Championships weekend) are still in contention, and the Stingers are hanging in there.

It has been déjà vu in the men’s individual, too, with Julian Dent starting the season with a long winning streak. He has not been seriously challenged once and is only one reasonable result away from securing the title. In the battle for second Simon Uppill is currently shading Dave Shepherd, with a 7-2 head-to-head record this year (most of them in close races), although the final result is by no means a foregone conclusion. The top three have been completely dominant so far this year and have filled the top three places in seven of the nine rounds. Only at the intensely technical Eureka Challenge Sprint in March did others make much of an impression, with Bryan Keely second and Rob Walter third; Ian Meyer also broke into third at the ACT Middle Distance Championships.

As might be expected given their fluctuating Easter results, the senior women’s competition has been far more interesting, with only six points separating the top three and 30 separating the top seven, and no-one having won more than three races. A further complication is that five of those seven have a zero score to drop once they have a full complement of events. Vanessa Round, who won Easter overall without winning any individual days, has won two other races – the Eureka sprint and the ACT Middle Distance Championships. She has five points in hand over Shannon Jones, who took the ACT Sprint Championships, with Jasmine Neve a further point back. Kathryn Ewels, in fourth, is further back than might have been expected but is still in a reasonable position, winning all three long races (at Chewton, Easter and the ACT Long Distance Championships), and with some low scores to drop.

The Canberra Cockatoos and Queensland Cyclones fill the top two placings in both junior competitions. The Cyclones 6 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Ian Meyer (NSW), currently 4th in the Silva National O League.

Photo: John Harding

have not been as dominant in the junior women’s event as they have been in recent years, with some of their regulars graduating to the senior ranks either this year or last, but still have an eleven-point lead over the Cockatoos. In the junior men’s the situation is reversed with the Cockatoos eight points ahead.

Ian Lawford leads the junior men’s individual competition by a single point from Kurt Neumann, thanks to wins in the ACT Middle and Long Distance Championships. Oscar Phillips, with a win at the Eureka Challenge and solid results elsewhere, is third. Lurking in the background are Lachlan Dow and Oliver Poland, who both missed races through injury or course-setting at the ACT Championships after excellent results earlier.

Lilian Burrill has not won a race yet this year – she started the season with four successive second places – but has only missed the top five once, and holds a 12-point lead over Georgia Parsons, for whom the season highlight so far was a first National League victory at Chewton. Sarah Buckerfield and Belinda Lawford both ran seniors on the March weekend and will be formidable competitors if they can get a full set of junior scores on the board, especially Lawford, who swept the three ACT Championships races to give her four wins for the year. In addition to Parsons, first-time race winners this year have been Emily Prudhoe (Eureka Challenge) and Claire Butler (Easter Middle Distance).

The SILVA National Orienteering League continues in midMay with three rounds in New South Wales in Sydney and the Southern Highlands, before finishing at the Australian Championships carnival in South Australia at the end of September.

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

Rob Preston (NSW) and Evan Barr (Vic).

Photo: Russell Rigby

Oskar Mella (NSW).

Photo: Russell Rigby

Hannah Bragg( ACT) & Eric Morris (NSW).

Photo: Russell Rigby

Laurina Neumann (Qld), Karen Blatchford (NSW), Seija Piiroinen (ACT).

Photo: Russell Rigby

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 7

Bryan Keely leads Photo: John Hardin

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

Max Neve (Vic).

Photo: John Harding Sarah Buckerfield (Tas).

Photo: John Harding

Krystal Neumann (Qld).

Photo: Tom de Jongh

Zoe Ra Photo:

And they’re away... Claire Butler (Tas) and Kurt Neumann (Qld). Photo: Peter Yeates

Amy Buckerfield (Tas).

Photo: John Harding

8 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Bridget Anderson. ng

Womens’ placegetters in the ASC Galaxy Sprint. Photo: Peter Yeates

Ben Rattray leads Felicity Brown.

Photo: John Harding

adford (Vic). : Tom de Jongh

Ian Lawford (ACT).

Photo: Tom de Jongh

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 9

AUSTRALIAN 3 DAYS CARNIVAL

Sandra Oliver (ACT) - Gudgenby Photo: John Harding

Dave Lotty (NSW) Photo: Peter Yeates

Ken Moore (Vic) Photo: Tom de Jongh

Christine Sinickas (Vic) Photo: Tom de Jongh

James Lithgow (NSW) Photo: Tom de Jongh 10 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Naomi Mitchell (ACT) Photo: Tom de Jongh

Lesley Norwood (Vic) Photo: Tom de Jongh

Asha Steer (Vic) Photo: Peter Yeates

Rachel West (WA) Photo: Peter Yeates

Jasmine Neve (Vic) Photo: Tom de Jongh

Misty finish Photo: Tom de Jongh

Kathryn Ewels and admirers - Gudgenby Photo: John Harding

Easter Bunny Photo: Peter Yeates

Juniors of the future Photo: Tom de Jongh JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 11

MAPPING

Forbidden Features: T what they are and what makes them so A study of competition rules and mapping specifications by Adrian Zissos, Calgary, Canada

his article plumbs the murkiest depths of Orienteering rules and mapping specifications in order to answer the surprisingly complex question of “What features can I go across legally during an Orienteering race?” The answer, alarmingly, turns out to be “it depends” - on which map you are using; in which country you are running; and on which governing body sanctioned your race. So read on, if you have curiosity and tolerance for a little tedium, as we examine more closely the question of what things are forbidden in Orienteering and what makes them so.

Two mapping specifications for Foot Orienteering When Sprint racing dragged Orienteering into the city, it faced a big problem – things in cities are very often forbidden to cross (e.g. “don’t walk on the grass”) or in extremely bad taste to cross (e.g. flower beds and private gardens).

The IOF’s International Specification for Orienteering Maps (ISOM), designed for forest terrain, doesn’t work well for Sprint Orienteering which tends to take place in more urban settings. There are a number of reasons why, including the many more restrictions which have to be considered in parks and urban terrains, such as physical barriers and areas with forbidden access.

To solve this problem, the IOF developed the ISSOM specifically for urban maps, in part to provide more ways for map makers to show areas that are forbidden to enter and line features that are not allowed to be crossed. So nowadays, for Foot Orienteering, we have two mapping specifications (Ski-O and MTBO have their own map specifications): • I SOM – International Specification for Orienteering Maps.

The specification for traditional forest Orienteering maps.

Last revised in 2000 and currently being updated.

• I SSOM – International Specification for Sprint Orienteering Maps. The newer specification, for Sprint maps. Last updated in 2007.

Confusion is growing about forbidden features, particularly in Sprint Orienteering, as exemplified by a situation at a recent Sprint race in Canada. On one leg many people ran through the ground floor of a multilevel car park which had been mapped using the grey building symbol and was therefore forbidden to enter.

When informed of their illegal actions, competitors were often taken aback and one said, “if it is forbidden then it should be overprinted with the out-of-bounds symbol”.

The rather cruel response was that he needed to learn the International Specification for Sprint Orienteering Maps (ISSOM) mapping rules. I confidently added that, regardless, it was always forbidden to run through things mapped as buildings. But my assertion rang false and I decided to investigate and check if indeed I was correct.

14 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010 12

The latest mapping specifications can always be found on the IOF website: www.orienteering.org. It is worth glancing through these excellent documents regularly.

ISOM – International Specification for Orienteering Maps ISOM has been used for making forest Orienteering maps for a long time. Over the years habits and accepted practices have developed among orienteers and a fuzzy collection of general knowledge has grown, much of which is fairly helpful and mostly true, but some of which is astonishingly and absolutely wrong. For example, many orienteers take for granted that it is forbidden to cross olive green areas (ISOM 527 – settlement) on the map and can be startled to discover that neither the ISOM mapping specifications nor the IOF rules specify that it is forbidden. Likewise, there is no rule against running over an impassable cliff nor through a building.

The confusion is in part due to ambiguous wording in the current version of ISOM. The 2000 version includes several symbols described with qualifiers, for example “High Fence” or “Uncrossable river”. Some of these qualifiers are ambiguous – for example, does “uncrossable” mean that it is forbidden to cross the feature? Or does it mean that it is difficult to cross the feature?

According to Håvard Tveite, Chairman of the IOF Mapping Commission:

“In ISOM, impassable and uncrossable are used as qualifiers for some features/areas that are very difficult to pass.

However, you might be able to pass/cross these areas/ features, and you will not be disqualified if you try and are successful.”

Having to ask the IOF for clarification of wording is not ideal and the rules should be updated with clearly worded symbol descriptions. Also note that the IOF explanation still is a bit confusing since it clearly doesn’t apply to ISOM707 uncrossable boundary which is one of the forbidden ISOM symbols. Because of the ambiguity in ISOM, it is not surprising that many orienteers would think that, for example, ISOM-201 impassable cliff would be forbidden to cross – even though that is not the case. In fact, to the astonishment of most orienteers, ISOM has only five forbidden symbols.

The ISOM “forbidden five” are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The ISOM Forbidden Five 415 Cultivated land Cultivated land which is seasonally out-of-bounds due to growing crops 528 Permanently out of bounds Areas which are permanently forbidden to the runner are shown as out of bounds 707 Uncrossable boundary A boundary which it is not permitted to cross

•B oth mapmaker and course planner should consider all possible route choices and make decisions on impassable features and out-of-bounds areas.

•T he course planner should not encourage unfair actions from the competitors, such as crossing barriers or areas with forbidden access. If it is unavoidable to set legs that cross or skirt areas with forbidden access or impassable walls and fences, then they have to be marked in the terrain, and observers should be present at the critical points.

•C rossing of certain areas and linear features in parks and urban terrain may be forbidden by law. Consequently, competitors who do not obey this rule, which is part of the IOF competition rules, must be disqualified.”

ISOM / ISSOM Comparison For a glimpse of how ISOM and ISSOM differ some examples of the graphic and textual differences are compared in Table 2 (a more complete comparison is available at www.barebones. ca ). Some specific points to notice: • t he different treatments of bodies of water in the two specifications (ISOM 301 vs ISSOM 304.1 / 305.1) •a n example of ISOM “uncrossable” versus ISSOM “forbidden”. Same symbol dimensions, but different text (ISOM & ISSOM 309) •a new (forbidden) symbol for Sprint maps (ISSOM 421 impassable vegetation)

709 Out of bounds An out-of-bounds area, see also symbol 528, is shown with vertical stripes. A bounding line may be drawn if there is no natural boundary, as follows: • a solid line indicates that the boundary is • marked continuously (tapes, etc.) on the ground • a dashed line indicates intermittent marking on the ground • no line indicates no marking on the ground

•a nother example of ISOM “uncrossable” versus ISSOM “forbidden”, demonstrating the use in ISSOM of thicker black lines to denote forbidden features (ISOM & ISSOM 524).

711 Forbidden route A route which is out-of-bounds is shown with crosses

•a symbol that was dropped for Sprint maps (ISOM 710 dangerous area)

•e xample of different colouring in ISSOM to improve map readability (ISOM 526 vs ISSOM 526.1) •e xample of how ISSOM shows places where buildings can legally be passed through (ISSOM 526.2)

ISOM-415 cultivated land is seasonally out of bounds. This means that in general you can’t determine if this symbol is forbidden to cross or not. Organizers should therefore overprint this symbol with ISOM-709 out of bounds if the area is forbidden at the time of competition.

Rules of Competition – more forbidden symbols

ISSOM – International Specification for Sprint Orienteering Maps

IOF rules apply to all IOF-sanctioned events, including the World Championships, World Cups, World Masters, Junior Worlds, and all WRE events. National federations have their own rules that apply to all non-IOF-sanctioned races in their country. At WRE events the IOF rules apply only to the WRE courses, while national federation rules apply to all other courses.

In contrast, the Sprint Specification (ISSOM) has many forbidden symbols and is very clear about what is forbidden to cross. It states that “features which are mapped uncrossable (e.g. walls, fences, cliffs, water and hedges) are also forbidden to cross”. This was one of the key reasons for creating the new mapping specification – to provide the mapper and course planner with adequate symbols to depict these forbidden area and line features.

ISSOM is emphatic that forbidden symbols be taken very seriously, not only by competitors but also by organizers and course planners: “The restrictions and constraints of Sprint Orienteering must be taken seriously by the organizers and course planners. In particular:

International mapping specifications are the primary method of specifying forbidden features. As well, the IOF rules and national federation rules of competition can specify further forbidden features. And event notices may specify eventspecific forbidden features.

Competition rules may specify that features are forbidden to cross even though they are not forbidden in ISOM or ISSOM. Rules may also specify some areas as forbidden even if there is no corresponding map symbol - for example, the USA and Canadian rules specify that private property is out of bounds (even though there is no ISOM or ISSOM private property symbol).

To better understand the issues relating to competition rules, here are some excerpts from the Foot Orienteering rules of the IOF, Canada, Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 13

MAPPING

Table 2 Partial ISOM / ISSOM comparison chart.

Symbol ISOM

ISSOM

ISSOM

ISOM & ISSOM

ISSOM

ISOM

ISSOM

ISOM

ISSOM

ISOM 2000

ISSOM 2007 (Sprint)

301 Lake Large areas of water are shown with dot screen.

Small areas of water should be shown with full colour.

A black bank line indicates that the feature cannot be crossed.

301 – does not exist in ISSOM

304.1 – does not exist in ISOM

304.1 Impassable body of water Forbidden to cross An area of deep water such as a lake, pond, river or fountain which may constitute a danger to the competitor or has forbidden access. The dark blue colour and the bordering black line indicate that the feature cannot or shall not be crossed.

IOF Rule 15 - Maps

305.1 Passable body of water An area of shallow water such as a pond, river or fountain that can be crossed.

The body of water shall be less than 0.5m deep and runnable. If the body of water is not runnable it shall be represented with the symbol (304.1).

309 Uncrossable marsh A marsh which is uncrossable or dangerous for the runner. A black line surrounds the symbol.

309 Impassable marsh Forbidden to cross A marsh which is impassable or which may constitute a danger to the competitor.

The feature cannot or shall not be crossed.

421 – does not exist in ISOM

421 Impassable vegetation Forbidden to cross An area of dense vegetation (trees or undergrowth) which is impassable or which shall not be crossed, due to forbidden access or because it may constitute a danger to the competitor.

524 Impassable fence or railing Forbidden to cross An impassable fence or railing, which shall not be crossed, due to forbidden access or because it may constitute a danger to the competitor because of its height.

526 Building A building is shown with its ground plan so far as the scale permits.

526 – does not exist in ISSOM

526.1 – does not exist in ISOM

526.1 Building Forbidden to pass through or over A building is a relatively permanent construction having a roof.

The black screen percentage should be chosen according to the terrain. A dark screen gives a better contrast to passable areas, such as streets, stairways and canopies, while a light screen makes contours and course overprint more clearly visible. The black screen shall be the same for the whole map.

ISSOM

526.2 – does not exist in ISOM

526.2 Canopy A canopy is a building construction (with a roof), normally supported by pillars, poles or walls, such as passages, gangways, courts, bus stops, gas stations or garages.

ISOM

710 Dangerous area An area presenting danger to the competitor is shown with cross-hatched diagonal lines.

710 – does not exist in ISSOM [AZ: instead use either 528 permanently out of bounds or 709 out of bounds]

14 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

IOF rules rely almost entirely on ISOM and ISSOM and specify only one additional forbidden symbol, ISOM-710 dangerous area.

Table 3. IOF rule excerpt

305.1 – does not exist in ISOM

524 High fence A boarded or wire fence higher than ca 1.5m, not crossable to the average orienteer, e.g. deer fence.

IOF Rules

15.1 Maps, course markings and additional overprinting shall be drawn and printed according to the IOF International Specification for Orienteering Maps or the IOF International Specification for Sprint Orienteering Maps. Deviations need approval by the IOF Council.

IOF Rule 17 - Restricted areas and routes 17.1 Rules set by the organising Federation to protect the environment and any related instructions from the organiser shall be strictly observed by all persons connected with the event.

17.2 Out-of-bounds or dangerous areas, forbidden routes, line features that shall not be crossed, etc shall be marked on the map. If necessary, they shall also be marked on the ground. Competitors shall not enter, follow or cross such areas, routes or features.

British, Australian, and New Zealand national federation rules The British, Australian, and New Zealand rules adhere closely to the IOF rules and do not directly specify additional forbidden symbols.

Table 4. Excerpts from British, Australian, and New Zealand national rules BOF Rule - 1.6 Respect for Property and the Public 1.6.1 Nothing shall be done to prejudice the goodwill of landowners, their tenants or agents.

Competitors and officials shall comply with all requests made by such persons or notified to them by the Organiser BOF Rule - misc 1.7.6 […] The course shall be planned so that ‘out of bounds’ areas and dangerous features can be avoided easily.

5.1.1 Any map used for an event shall be drawn according to the ‘International Specification for Orienteering Maps 2000’ (ISOM 2000), or the ‘International Specification for Sprint Orienteering Maps 2007’ (ISSOM 2007), subject to any specific British Orienteering amendments as described in Appendix H (Mapping).

Orienteering Australia Rules 3.4.2 Fairness of legs. [ …] Legs which encourage competitors to cross forbidden or dangerous areas must be avoided.

The course must be planned to avoid tempting competitors to take shortcuts through private property and other out-of-bounds areas. If there is such a risk, a referee should be at such locations to prevent possible attempts. [AZ: note the implication that private property is out of bounds, even if not mapped using a forbidden symbol].

17.1 Rules set by Orienteering Australia or the organising Association to protect the environment

and any related instructions from the organiser shall be strictly observed by all persons connected with the event.

New Zealand Orienteering Federation Rules - Appendix 1 j.

Out of bounds areas, dangerous areas and forbidden routes shall be overprinted in accordance with the latest edition of the IOF Mapping Specification.

Canadian Orienteering Federation rules The COF rules apply to all events held in Canada, other than IOF-sanctioned races. The COF rules state that private areas are forbidden to enter. Additionally the COF rules specify that ISOM and ISSOM mapping specifications are to be interpreted such that it is forbidden to cross “uncrossable” symbols. This includes symbols such as ISOM304 uncrossable river; ISOM-307 uncrossable marsh; and, depending on your interpretation, possibly also ISOM-201 impassable cliff – all of which may be legally crossed in races in many (most?) other parts of the world.

Table 5. Canadian Orienteering Federation rules excerpt COF Rule 8.4 - Out-of-Bounds Areas 8.4.1 …. All obviously private or enclosed areas such as gardens are out-of-bounds.

8.4.4 Participants shall not cross areas or features marked as uncrossable (thick outline) except where a crossing place is indicated, unless otherwise specified in the Meet Information Sheet.

What is an orienteer to do?

•C ompetitors should use good judgement and avoid dangerous and restricted or obviously private areas, regardless of how the map is drawn. Also, in order to fully understand what is forbidden to cross by the rules, competitors should periodically review the latest ISOM and ISSOM mapping specifications and be aware of which mapping specification is being used for every race. Also they should be aware that each country has special rules and may interpret the mapping specifications differently.

•C ourse planners must have a comprehensive understanding of forbidden symbols, especially when setting Sprint courses. They should set courses that reduce the chances of accidental crossing of forbidden areas and keep in mind that forbidden areas are primarily about safety and respect, and are not to be used to “trick” or “trap” competitors.

Consider marking forbidden areas in the terrain with tape, for example, when the forbidden feature might be difficult to see on the map (e.g., very thin) or accidentally crossed (e.g., a corner of private garden) at race speed.

•M appers should be especially clear when drawing forbidden features, and need to develop techniques for clearly showing difficult-to-see forbidden features (for example, perhaps using the distinct vegetation boundary symbol around narrow strips of forbidden garden). Mappers must respect the ISOM and ISSOM minimum dimensions.

•R ace organizers should be aware that some competitors may not know what is forbidden. It may be worth educating people by providing in the event notices a reminder of the map type (ISOM or ISSOM) along with a brief reminder of what is forbidden, as well as a more complete description of any especially significant forbidden features.

•O rganizers of WRE races and other IOF sanctioned events using ISOM maps must be aware that forbidden areas in the terrain which are not mapped as ISOM-528 permanently out of bounds will have to be overprinted with ISOM-709 out of bounds, and line features that are forbidden to cross

will have to be overprinted with ISOM-707 uncrossable boundary. For example, if an ISOM map includes some private residences that are forbidden to enter, then these areas must be overprinted with ISOM-709 out of bounds.

•R ule makers in national federations are encouraged to look closely at their rules and consider adhering more closely to the IOF rules in order to standardize the interpretation of the IOF mapping specifications.

•T he IOF mapping commission is encouraged to clarify the descriptions of ISOM uncrossable symbols to make their interpretation absolutely unambiguous, through the use of unequivocal language.

•E veryone needs to realize that rules and mapping specifications evolve over time, and be alert to updates.

Case Study To illustrate, here is a real-life example from a recent Sprint race (ISSOM map) where there was a long and thin hedge that was mapped using ISSOM-421 impassable vegetation (forbidden to cross). This feature was difficult to see on the map, and one leg went directly across it. Competitors who didn’t notice the symbol illegally crossed through the thin hedge and gained an advantage over those who didn’t. It was certainly accidental and the runners could not be faulted.

What went wrong?

1. W as the mapping okay? The symbol should have had the minimum thickness specified by ISSOM of 4mm. Perhaps the vegetation should also have been emphasized, either with (a) an exaggerated, thicker line; or with (b) an ISSOM416 distinct vegetation boundary (a series of small black dots). Alternatively, if absolutely desperate, the feature could have been overprinted with ISSOM-707 uncrossable boundary (a purple line) - although this trick should be avoided since as ISSOM elegantly states: “excessive use of purple for indicating barriers is unfortunate”.

2. W as the printing okay? Perhaps the impassable vegetation symbol did not print well.

3. W as the leg okay? Perhaps the course planner should have set legs that didn’t tempt runners to cross this feature, realizing how thin the line was and how easily it could be misread at race speed.

4. W as the event execution okay? The inside of the hedge could have been marked in the terrain with tape to stop runners crossing it. And perhaps a marshal should have been posted at the hedge to stop runners crossing it.

Ending To end this unfortunately tedious study, we will quickly return to the specific illustration that began this article - the car park. For sure the runners who passed through the multistory parking lot on the ISSOM map were out-of-bounds, and disqualification was the appropriate, if rather severe, penalty.

As for my assertion that it is always illegal to run through a building, it turns out I was wrong since although ISSOM does forbid entering buildings, there is no such restriction on ISOM maps.

With Sprint racing becoming ever-more popular, it is increasingly important that orienteers understand forbidden symbols. Remember that forbidden features are not there to “trick” orienteers, but to show dangerous and forbidden features so we can continue to enjoy fair and safe orienteering while respecting the land owners and environments in which our races take place.

To see a comparison of ISOM and ISSOM forbidden symbols visit www.barebones.ca JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 15

HEALTH

How not to Die Orienteering in Europe

contracted from a tick or mosquito, and that I had most likely obtained it in Scandinavia.

When I was discharged from hospital I asked what I should do to avoid ever getting it again. They said “Do not go to Europe”. Is that the end of the story? No. I think there may be other options, which I will explain later. As modern medical science in Australia had failed to identify my problem I sought advice from a naturopath, who, using a European diagnostic system, had no hesitation in identifying that I had been infected with tick borne encephalitis. I may never have absolute certainty but I am pretty sure that is what I had.

Hugh Moore (Red Roos, ACT)

Read this carefully. It may save your life. We all know that orienteering in Australia has its risks. You can fall down cliffs, be bitten by snakes or get killed travelling to and from events. But in Europe they have the TICK. I had no idea, but this tiny little insect can be as deadly as any other hazard. It can kill you. I’m a bit of a risk taker and I’ve been known as a survivor, but my latest adventures competing at Orienteering events in Finland, Sweden and Scotland very nearly ended with an obituary.

Y

ou may think this is not your problem. But it is. I have just cost the Australian taxpayer – that is you – hundreds of thousands of dollars. In August 2009 I was admitted to hospital and sent immediately to intensive care where they had to work very hard for a number of weeks to keep me alive. I had a brain seizure and had to be intubated a number of times. That means they stick a tube down your throat because you cannot breath due to lung collapse.

Later they punched a hole in my neck to put a tube into it.

They pumped me full of antibiotics and anti-viral drugs, which may or may not have been effective, but they did a brilliant job of keeping me alive mechanically. I then spent a total of three months in hospital and had to learn to walk again – definitely no fun. I had teams of doctors on my case and provided employment for heaps of nurses and a swag of rehab physiotherapists. I can now tell you lots of stories about what happens in hospitals, about the frustration of losing the ability to do even the simplest most basic things for yourself and of having no control about what they stick into you, where or when. I recommend you avoid hospitals if at all possible.

What did I have? My doctors, despite spending thousands of dollars on pathology and suchlike tests and scans, could not pin down exactly what it was that attacked my brain and left me with muscle wasting, nerve damage and 11kg lighter. They said it was very like Murray Valley Encephalitis, an extremely nasty Australian disease, but I tested negative for this. Their conclusion was that I had a vector borne encephalitis virus, possibly 16 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

I am very lucky to be on an apparently successful rehabilitation path and three months after discharge from hospital my rehabilitation physiotherapists have assessed me as being within normal limits for balance and fitness for a person of my age. That came as a shock - as I still want to improve both these capacities radically. Are normal people really this bad? They can’t do push-ups, only girlie ones?

Anyway I have surprised my doctors and nurses at how well I have been recovering and am optimistic I will eventually be back pretty close to normal. Recovery from encephalitis is usually a long slow process and my doctor wants to see me again in March 2011 to see if I have really recovered. I am now running again – and have made it to 6km at my longest – though at a very slow pace. But I am confident I will be back.

Watch out you guys in 2011.

I may be lucky to be recovering but I may have been unlucky to get encephalitis, and especially such a severe case. Not all ticks carry the disease. I have been bitten by ticks every time I have been to Europe but only got the virus badly this time. I have read that only 1-2 % die from it. I was in the other 98%, but many of these only get a mild dose.

I believe I may have made things much worse for myself by continuing to compete when I was sick. I started feeling ill in Scotland, but kept pushing myself very hard. It is likely this was during the first phase of the disease as it attacks you in phases, re-attacking a few weeks later. If I had not pushed myself so hard and lowered my immune system when first attacked maybe I could have dealt better with the second attack. A very important lesson from this is that you should never compete and push yourself hard when you are ill – only when you are lazy.

Hugh Moore checks for ticks in the Czech Republic

So could it have been avoided, and the health budget lightened? Yes, I could have avoided Europe. But it is not the cities that are the risk.

It is the forest – and especially the green bits on the map where ticks like to hang out. As an orienteer I seem to love the green. I usually go out of my way to seek it out, despite alternative route choices. So I’m definitely at risk.

I just didn’t realise it was so important to avoid ticks. You can take defensive measures, such as protective clothing and insect repellent, which I would now recommend. But if all else fails I have now discovered Travelvax.

You can read all about Tick Borne Encephalitis at the Healthy Travel/ Vaccine Preventable Diseases links at www.travelvax.com.au.

Despite much misinformation on the internet, and being told by the local travel doctor service in Canberra that it was not possible to get immunised against European tick borne encephalitis in Australia, it is indeed possible. Your local Travelvax agent can arrange it for you (ph 1300 360 164) - in my case through my local GP. The process requires the doctor to get approval from the Therapeutic Goods Administration and then give you a course of injections over a period of nine months (so plan ahead). After the first couple of injections some cover is obtained, but the final injection at nine months is recommended. I plan to get immunised after I have recovered and before I go back to Europe again. I am now thinking about Scotland and possibly Sweden in 2011. Slow learner maybe?

I hereby declare that I do not have shares in Travelvax and in no way will receive any commissions or remuneration for referrals, or benefit personally in any way from an increase in their custom, other than as a taxpayer. But I would recommend you check them out if you are planning on going bush in Europe. It may be worth it, for the rest of us taxpayers.

Ed: I too have been bitten by ticks in Europe – in both Austria and Czech Republic. And let me tell you – full body cover doesn’t keep them out. I like to avoid green areas whenever possible but that doesn’t seem to keep the ticks at bay. Most European orienteers seem to be immunised, particularly those in eastern Europe where ticks are most prevalent. For more information try looking at http://www.patient. co.uk/doctor/Lyme-Disease.htm Hugh back in action at Easter

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Lyme disease Steve Bird

Professor Steve Bird is at RMIT University, Melbourne. Steve worked with the Great Britain National Orienteering Squad for over 10 years and is now assisting the Victorian Junior Squad.

O

undergrowth. Tick activity starts in the Spring and extends through the Summer to November when the temperature drops.

In the 1980s there was a spate of sudden deaths amongst young Swedish orienteers, and Bartonella infection was implicated.

However, the last reported incident of this type was in 1992. More recently concern has focused upon tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) as referred to in Hugh Moore’s article and lyme borreliosis (commonly known as Lyme disease).

If bitten by an infected tick, it is estimated that between 70 – 95% of human infections are sub-clinical3 with no discernable ill effects.

However in the remaining 5 – 30% of cases the disease may take on different forms with differing levels of severity and consequences.

ver the past few decades there have been a number of concerns around orienteers being at risk of certain illnesses due to the nature and environment of our sport. Pre 1980’s the concern largely focused upon Hepatitis B, which could be passed on via contact with the blood of an infected person, ostensibly through contact with undergrowth or items such as control punches having blood on them from cuts. This resulted in the requirement for all orienteers to wear full body cover (long pants and long sleeved tops), which would reduce the risk of cuts and blood contact. There were also concerns about the post-event sharing of washing water when, for example, groups would wash in nearby ponds or streams, a practice that was consequently discouraged.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) The tick-borne encephalitis virus is transmitted by the Ixodes species of ticks, through its saliva when it bites a host (human or other mammals such as rodents or deer) in search of a blood meal.

It is found in many popular Orienteering destinations right across Europe from Scotland and Scandinavia, through Europe1 and Russia to the Eastern Coast of Japan, as well as in a few isolated spots in China and North Africa. The ticks’ favoured environments are warm (6 – 25ºC), relatively humid (>85%) meadows and forests with rich

There are 10 – 12,000 cases of TBE annually1, predominantly occurring amongst local forest and farm workers whose environment exposes them to the tick. However other activities, such as mushroom collecting and outdoor pursuits, including Orienteering, will also increase exposure risk. Orienteers are at risk of being bitten by ticks when running through these areas, and about 1 in 10 ticks removed from humans have been shown to carry the virus. Although full leg and body cover may help reduce the risk of being bitten, the consensus from a conference on the topic2 says that “prevention by special clothing and/or tick repellents is not reliable enough”. A point borne out by the comments of the Editor at the end of Hugh’s article.

The disease usually occurs in two phases. After an incubation period of a few days, the first stage symptoms are a combination of fever, fatigue, general malaise, headaches and muscular pain (2 – 10 days)4. There is then a 1 – 21 day symptom free interval before the second phase. In the second phase the disease may result in meningitis (inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord), with consequent headaches, nausea, and photophobia. This fever usually lasts for 7 – 14 days with gradual recovery3.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 17

HEALTH

A more serious outcome is encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), or meningoencephalitis (inflammation of both the brain and meninges) in which there is damage to the Central Nervous System and the patient becomes very weak, drowsy, hallucinates and suffers some paralysis, which can include the respiratory muscles. Some of the paralyses (hemiplegia) may be irreversible, and up to 30% of these cases are fatal (<1% of all cases of TBE).

Symptoms and morbidity can be prolonged with 26 – 46% of cases reporting some remaining symptoms after 6 – 12 months, and a severe impairment of quality of life. Other forms of the disease are described3 but are not covered here.

There is no specific treatment for the disease and since immunization is the main preventive measure5 it should be considered by orienteers when travelling to these regions.

followed. Treatment is by antibiotics, and the disease may resolve after a few weeks even without antibiotics7, 8. However, in a few cases the disease may persist, causing inflamed and painful joints, as a form of arthritis.

Prevention and first aid • Seek vaccination for TBE before competing in tick prone areas.

Vaccination for Lyme disease currently appears to be subject to some controversy and debate, and availability may be dependant upon a number of factors.

• Undergo a thorough tick check after each event.

• Remove any ticks with tweezers and disinfect the bite. Pinch as close to the skin as possible, to ensure removing the head and mouthparts.

• Seek medical support if symptoms develop.

Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) Lyme disease is the most frequent tick-borne disease in Europe .

It is caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, which may be transmitted to humans via tick bites. Unlike TBE, rapid removal of the tick can reduce the risk of infection with Lyme borreliosis, since the pathogen only migrates from the tick’s gut to its salivary gland after contact with blood. Ticks can be removed with tweezers and the site of the bite thoroughly disinfected.

6

The manifestations of Lyme disease can be quite varied. In the first stage of the disease a rash (typically red and oval in shape) may appear around the site of the bite, and can last for a few days to weeks. Following on from this the disease may resolve, or it may progress to affect the heart and nervous system for a few weeks to months. This may cause pain, and muscular weakness, including affecting the muscles of the face. Effects on the heart include irregular electrical activity (electrocardiogram). The prognosis for the disease is good at all stages provided the correct treatment is

References 1. Suss J (2008). Tick-borne encephalitis in Europe and beyond – the epidemiological situation as of 2007. Eurosurveillance; 13: 4 – 6.

2. Conference report (2004). Vaccine; 23: 729-31.

3. Gritsun TS, Lashkevich VA and Gould EA (2003). Tick-borne encephalitis, Antiviral research; 57: 129-146.

4. Mickiene A et al., (2002). Tick-borne encephalitis in an area of high endemicity in Lithuania: disease severity and long-term prognosis. Clin Infect Dis ;35: 650-58.

5. Lindquist L and Vapalahti O (2008). Tick-borne encephalitis. Lancet 371:1861-71.

6. Nau R et al. (2009). Lyme Disease – Current State of Knowledge. Dtsch Arztebl Int; 106: 72 – 82.

7. Stanek G and Strle F. Lyme borreliosis. Lancet 2003; 362: 1639–47 8. M elski JW. Lyme Borreliosis Seminars In Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, Vo119, No 1 (March), 2000: pp 10-18

Dandenong Ranges Orienteering Club presents

WOC25 – WORLD ORIENTEERING CHAMPIONSHIPS

25th Anniversary Sunday September 5 2010 Kooyoora, Victoria Take the WOC25 Challenge!

Choose one of four courses of varying lengths, based closely on the Mens and Womens Championship courses from 1985** Make it a Kooyoora weekend – add on the “Bendigo Rocks” event at Melville Caves, Sat September 4 Details will be available at www.vicorienteering.asn.au Enquiries: debiandodd@iinet.net.au ** the Start and Finish in 1985 were a considerable distance apart. In 2010, courses will start and finish in the same location, so courses will be adjusted accordingly.

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WM85 REVISITED

Australia’s WOC 25 Years On Debbie Dodd (DROC-V)

As most orienteers already know, Australia was host to the 11th World Orienteering Championships in 1985, the first time this event had been held outside Europe.

September 2010 marks the 25th anniversary of this landmark in Australian Orienteering, and to celebrate and commemorate, Dandenong Ranges club is hosting WOC25 at Kooyoora on Sunday September 5.

W

OC was a Big Deal. Prime Minister Bob Hawke and Premier John Cain both wrote welcome messages in the program, after their governments contributed sizeable amounts of money towards mapping costs. Twenty two countries were represented by some 200 competitors. There was a two-week long public carnival (WOCARN), the first time this had been offered with a WOC. A documentary was made for SBS television. The Press Centre offered such modern facilities as telex machines and operators, a fax machine, Canon typewriters, photocopiers, and “tea, coffee, beer and soft drinks” – everything a Scandinavian sports journalist required when filing reports at 2am Australian time for their eager European audience. Data General even provided specially developed software for entries processing for WOCARN.

Historic decision Planning began way back in 1976 when the OFA (now OA) made the decision to apply to host WOC. Four years of intense lobbying followed to convince the IOF that the World Championships should be held outside Europe. The submission was made to the IOF Congress held in Germany in 1980 and after intensive (late-night) lobbying of delegates, Australia won the vote over Canada. Next began the search for the event centre and competition venues. Bendigo was

duly selected, but the location was a closely guarded secret until just over 12 months prior to the event.

Tom Andrews was the Committee Chairman. David Hogg was Technical Coordinator. Steve Key was employed full time as the Mapper, with Alex Tarr as Controller. Steve and Alex also set the courses. Steve had to give up his place in the Australian squad, and his WOC aspirations, because the mapping was shrouded in secrecy and an Australian squad member could not know the whereabouts of the events. Maps were given code names, and only a privileged few were privy to them. As a result, the organising group had to remain very small until the latter stages.

In all, 23 maps were created for WOC, including training maps in Victoria, NSW and ACT as well as the competition maps.

The legacy from 1985 is immeasurable – including not only Kooyoora, but Wattle Gully Diggings, Slaty Creek, Crocodile Reservoir, Chewton Diggings, Sailors Diggings, and Kangaroo Crossing, among others. The cost of so much mapping was enormous, but VOA President Barry McCrae hit upon the idea of staging WOCARN, a carnival of public races and social events which would bring orienteers to Victoria as spectators and volunteers, and raise much needed revenue.

The races The WOC Individual race was held on September 4, and the Relays on September 6. In between were model events, start draws, ceremonies and dinners. The exact location of the races was not revealed until 6pm the previous evening, when it was announced on local TV and radio news! Only then did competitors and spectators know that they would be heading to Kooyoora State Park.

WOC was WM (Weltmeisterschaften) in those days because German was the official IOF language

Unlike current WOCs, there was just one Individual race and a Relay. There were no qualifying races, and competitors had to rely on model events and training camps to familiarise themselves with Victorian terrain. Each country could field up to four male and four female runners in the Individual race.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER

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20 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 21

WM85 REVISITED

The organisers The entire Australian orienteering community got behind WOC, and clubs and State associations all played key roles in a remarkable display of national cooperation. Dandenong Ranges OC constructed and operated the mammoth results board, which was, of course, the central focus of the events.

Split times were reported back from the forest via four radio controls, and these were displayed in addition to winning times. Yarra Valley OC ran the Finish, and OANSW ran the Starts and manufactured the control stands. Red Kangaroos provided manpower in the field and Bayside organised the Relay start and changeover. SA’s Tintookies looked after radio communications. Parawanga (ACT) took on parking, and OAT handled doping control. QOA helped with souvenir sales and transport, while OAWA members manned the event centre.

Of course, Bendigo Orienteers’ contribution was enormous, under the direction of Peter Searle. They looked after accommodation, transport, toilets, tents, showers, equipment, first aid, flagpoles, the opening ceremony, start draw, split times analysis, banquet and security passes, presentations, and photography!

Besides the individuals already noted, the following current day orienteers played key roles: Dave Lotty (OFA/WOC liaison and mapping assistance) Peta Whitford (Start/Finish supervisor) Ron Fredericks (Forest Security) Hugh Cameron (VIP Hosting) Peter Galvin and Darryl Fleay (Transport) Peter Creely (March and Opening Ceremony) Maurice Ongania, captain of the Australian team, carried the flag at the opening ceremony. On left, Sue Key and assistant coach, Kay Haarsma. On right, unidentified, then Duncan Sullivan, team doctor and coach Clive Roper.

John Chellew (Flags and Flagpoles) Peter Searle (Social Events, Start Draw) John Meeking (Road Access Improvement)

The men’s course was 15.2 km, and the women’s course 8.4 km.

Tom Norwood (Training Camp)

Relay teams also consisted of four runners. The men’s Relay had an expected winning time of 4 hours and 20 minutes, as each competitor completed an 11km leg. The women ran 7km each with an expected winning time of 3 hrs 20 minutes.

The winners The Norwegians had dominated the previous 10 WOCs, winning eight times, but the Finns were determined to break through in Australia. And so it happened – Kari Sallinen won in 88 minutes. Swede Annichen Kringstad won the women’s championship in 54 minutes. Sallinen said the Kooyoora terrain was very much like Finland with lots of bare grey rock.

He considered the run to be one of his best, with only one error of 1 minute. “It was important to be agile because there were lots of logs … you could not run in a straight line”. He added “the course demanded constant concentration, you had to know where you were all the time. The small rock detail was difficult. If you lost map contact it was very hard to relocate, it was so similar all around you”. Anyone who has orienteered at Kooyoora will no doubt concur. Kringstad found the terrain “very good, clear running” and commented that it was “very good to run on the big grey areas”.

Australia was represented at Kooyoora by Jenny Bourne, Carolyn Jackson, Sue Key and Madeleine Sevior, who was the best placed Australian woman (17th) despite breaking her compass on her way to control #5! The men were Terry Farrell, Maurice Ongania, Rob Plowright, and Rob Vincent.

Among the international competitors was Anitra Dowling, running for New Zealand.

22 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Terry Farrell

orienteers (like me). Here’s a selection (with apologies to the omissions): Organiser – Barry McCrae Assistant organiser – Sheila Colls Technical coordinator – Kathy Liley Ballarat coordinators – Blake and Dale Ann Gordon Bendigo coordinators – Peter and Dianne Searle Event administration – Dandenong Ranges OC Event computerisation – Warwick Davis Event organisers/controllers – Blake Gordon, John Colls, Peter Prime, Keith Groves, Paul Leicester, Mandy and Mark Hennessy, Greg Tamblyn, Lindsay Thomas, Dick Barker, Tim Dent.

Orienteering really is a sport for life, both as a competitor and an organiser. So it is that quarter of a century later, we can relive those courses from 25 years ago, and remember the good old days, but also recognise and applaud the incredible effort made by Victorian and Australian orienteers to stage such an amazing event.

Maurice Ongania leaves the last control at the Individual.

Of course there were many others and a comprehensive list appears in the souvenir program, which we’ll have a copy of at WOC25.

Financing looked problematic for a while, but then sponsors came on board, the government made contributions, and in the end a healthy profit was made. The biggest organisational headache became landowner access (or lack thereof). The road into Kooyoora was meant to be upgraded by the Council, but heavy August rain saw the project uncompleted.

With 10 days to go, it seemed impossible to get the scaffolding trucks, water tankers, catering vans and other heavy equipment into the site. Frantic last minute negotiations saw the landowner relent, and benign weather during WOC week meant access for all.

WOCARN While all this was going on, Victorian clubs were simultaneously staging the two-week WOCARN in Ballarat and Bendigo. Like WOC, the maps were new and the locations not revealed until the last minute. The ten competitive events included the Victorian Championships, the Victorian Relays, three State Series events, two National Badge events, a public WOC map run, the Australian Championships, and the Australian Relays. The annual Australia-New Zealand challenge took place as well. The event attracted over 1600 competitors, in age groups from M10 to M60, and W10 to W55.

While Blair Trewin and Alex Randall competed in M13 (with Blair the overall winner), Paul Adrian and Gordon Clarke battled it out in M60 (with Gordon having the better of Paul on this occasion).

So what can you expect at WOC25?

Well because of the logistical difficulties created by the original Start and Finish being miles apart, we’ll be closely basing the courses on the originals, but changing the Finish and shortening the length (so course 1 will be approx ¾ of the Men’s course). We’ll offer four different courses so everyone can get a taste of WOC at a length to suit themselves. We’ll be using the current 1:10,000 Melville Caves map in recognition of eyes that are 25 years older.

We’ll also have memorabilia, and a fun competition for those with long memories.

Pre-entry is required (pay on the day) – to enter, visit http:// entries.bendigo-orienteers.com.au in the 7-10 days prior to the event. Bendigo Orienteers are also running a club event the day prior, so make a Kooyoora weekend of it. Both events are Southern Cross Series races for M/W21E and M/W20E. If you’d like to represent Victoria Metro, Victoria Country or Interstate Raiders, contact Bruce Arthur.

Got any WOC stories or photos? Send them to debiandodd@ iinet.net.au, and we’ll include them in our memorabilia display on the day.

Thanks to Wally Cavill for providing the original material used to research this article.

The social program included a bush dance, indoor cricket and tennis tournaments, a spit roast, and a farewell dinner. All this was in addition to the WOC program! As one who has recently dabbled in major event organisation, I am completely in awe of the people who pulled this together. What’s more, many of them are STILL organising our big events including World Masters and JWOCs, 25 years on.

Some of the key organisers and officials will be well known names to 21st century

Rob Plowright is tagged by Australia’s first relay runner, Rob Vincent.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 23

Letters

The Australian Orienteer welcomes letters. Preference will be given to letters which are concise and which make positive points. The editor reserves the right to edit letters, particularly ones which are longer than 300 words.

I

Correction to National Rankings 2009

n the National Rankings published in the March 2010 edition of The Australian Orienteer the second reference to Jeffa Lyon should have been to Sue Mount. This error is solely the Statistician’s and he has sent apologies to Jeffa, Sue, John and Tony for any inconvenience caused.

Darryl Erbacher OA National Statistician

I should point out that I am an average orienteer, generally finishing mid-field in my grade. I was not particularly slow or overdue on either day.

On the Sunday event, my mid-field ranking even saw me score a podium finish. Only there was no podium, no presentations (and no prize!), no finish chute or taped leg, and no finish flag. Nothing but a bare control stand in the middle of the paddock. Even the Finish tent was partly dismantled and hidden from view, a full hour before the official course closure.

I find this disrespectful and discriminatory.

Snowy Treble closed the Finish too early

I

n April, I travelled to ACT and NSW for a mostly enjoyable Easter twenty10 and Snowy Treble. However the carnival was marred for some competitors, myself included, by the actions of the host club.

Why should my final leg be different to that of other competitors on my course?

Why should I not have the same chance as all the other entrants to run up the finish chute and under the finish banner, simply because of an unlucky start draw.

Louise Hall (VIC)

Let me explain.

I had late start times on the last two days - both after 11:30.

On Saturday, the Finish chute was being taken down as I was running up it, removing the taped leg, some two hours before the official course closure. When I pointed this out to the person doing the removing, he simply told me not to worry and that I was “doing fine”. However, the point that I was trying to make in my breathless exhausted state was that I thought I had the right and expectation to complete my course as marked on the map. Then later, at the Results tent, I was told that “there wasn’t much point” in putting my time up on the results board.

Orienteering Australia – National Training Centre

O RI ENTEERING PU B LICAT IONS IOF Publications

Australian Publications

International Specifications for‑Orienteering Maps . . . . . . . . . . $11.00 Competition rules for IOF events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11.00 Control Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . $11.00 Simple Maps for Orienteering . . . . $11.00 Trail Orienteering (BOF book). . . . . $30.00 Trail Orienteering (booklet). . . . . . . . $8.25 Trail O (leaflet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $0.70

Elementary Orienteering Instructors‑Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . $13.20 Level 1 Coaching Manual. . . . . . . . $22.00 Level 1 Coaching Syllabus . . . . . . . . $3.90 Level 2 Coaching Syllabus . . . . . . . . $4.40 Level 3 Coaching Syllabus . . . . . . . . $4.40 Among the Best Orienteers (video).$19.75 Sponsorship & Advertising, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . available from states Club Guide, available on disc.

Prices include GST and postage within Australia for single copies.

Prices for bulk orders available on request. Orders should be addressed to Orienteering Australia, PO Box 284 Mitchell BC 2911, with cheques made payable to Orienteering Australia. Email: orienteering@netspeed.com.au 24 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

FOR STOCKISTS CALL 1800 209 999

www.victorinox.com

VICTORINOX AWARD The Victorinox Award goes to Louise Hall for her letter.

Louise will receive a Victorinox Handyman which includes 24 tools and features, retail value $119.

Do you get enough calcium?

A

s a nutritionist/dietitian, I try hard to persuade people not to obtain nutrients from supplements, advocating food as the best available source of nutrition. In this issue I will focus on how to choose a diet providing enough of one very important mineral to sporting people – namely calcium.

For too long this mineral has been emphasized as important mainly for women, but read on all you male orienteers! Adult male and female requirements for calcium are 1000 mg per day, but once over 50 or through the menopause, females require 1300 mg per day (due to loss of oestrogen, which protects the bones from losing calcium). Males over 70 years also require 1300mg.

Calcium is important not only to bone strength but is also very involved in muscle contraction –important in any physical activity. It can also be helpful in alleviating some people’s cramps (possibly along with magnesium).

NUTRITION Gillian Woodward

6. Use evaporated low fat milk (with coconut flavour/ essence) to curries/stews; 7. Add evaporated low fat milk to fruit instead of cream; 8. Add cottage or ricotta cheese blended with yoghurt to potatoes instead of sour cream; 9. Make white sauce/creamy pasta sauces out of evaporated light milk; 10. Add tofu (set with calcium citrate) to vegetable dishes; 11. Add cheese (grated or melted) to meals (if saturated fat is not being avoided); 12. Eat other non-dairy sources of calcium like canned fish with bones (salmon or sardines), prawns or crabmeat.

Legumes and wholegrain cereals, tofu, tahini, nuts, dried fruit and vegetables (especially green leafy ones) all provide small amounts of calcium too.

The most “at risk” group for low calcium intakes would be the athletes who follow energy restricted diets (which often omit certain food groups altogether) in an effort to shed excess kilograms. Especially risky are the fast weight loss programs or fad diets. Another “at risk” group is anyone who omits dairy products from their diet for whatever reason. Unless suitable quantities of fortified soy products are used, it is very difficult to obtain sufficient calcium in the diet. It is also worth noting that females with irregular menstrual cycles require a higher than normal calcium intake.

If you exclude dairy foods from your diet, make sure you substitute adequate quantities (the same 3 serves) of soy or other fortified milk substitute.

How do you get 1000mg into your daily eating pattern?

3. Avoid excess fibre, especially wheat bran (foods high in phytates bind calcium);

Aim to include at least 3 serves of dairy foods each day (1 serve = 250ml milk = 200gm yoghurt = 40gm cheese). Note that most reduced fat varieties of milk are enriched with extra calcium.

Some contain over 400-500mg per 250ml serve, compared to 280mg for normal full-cream milk.

So obviously these make a good choice for those wanting to keep their weight under control.

Try some of the following eating strategies to enhance your intake of calcium: 1. Add yoghurt (as well as milk) to cereal or fruit at breakfast; 2. Make low fat milk/yoghurt smoothies for a nutritious drink; 3. Add extra skim milk powder to soups, milk drinks, custard, porridge, milk (‘strong milk’); 4. Blend cottage cheese with salmon to make a dip/spread for sandwiches/crackers/ vegies; 5. Make salmon sandwiches or sardines on toast for lunch/ light meal;

Reduce interference with calcium absorption into your body by: 1. M inimizing salt, alcohol and caffeine intake – coffee, tea, cola or energy drinks; 2. D on’t combine calcium rich foods with spinach or rhubarb or chocolate (high oxalic acid foods);

4. A void excess protein intake – forget those large steaks every day of the week!

5. D o not take iron or zinc supplements for extensive times as these minerals compete with calcium for absorption into the blood. And remember that vitamin D (from sunlight) aids calcium absorption/usage.

If you manage to do some or all of the above, there will certainly be no need for supplements of calcium. By the way, there seems to be a myth around that calcium is not well absorbed from dairy products. In fact, the truth is quite the contrary. The phosphorus, vitamin D and lactose in milk all aid in absorption, making dairy the ideal food form for maximal calcium absorption.

Gillian Woodward is a Practising Dietician and has been providing advice in the field for over 25 years. She has been an orienteer since 1984.

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 25

NATIONAL JUNIOR TEAM

Australian JWOC Team announced Valerie Barker – Manager

T

he Australian team to contest the Junior World Orienteering Championships in Aalborg, Denmark on July 4-11 has been announced.

Six of the twelve team members will be making their first JWOC appearance, with Oliver Poland, still eligible for M16, becoming the youngest male member of an Australian JWOC team. At the other end of the scale, Belinda Lawford will be making her fourth appearance. The men’s team was particularly deep with all six members of last year’s team available for selection.

Five of the twelve team members come from the ACT (including three from the Bushflyers club), and four from Tasmania.

Belinda Lawford (ACT)

The team is: Men: Lachlan Dow (ACT), Oliver Poland (ACT), Kurt Neumann (Qld), Ian Lawford (ACT), Joshua Blatchford (NSW), Oscar Phillips (TAS). Reserves - Max Neve (VIC), Leon Keely (VIC).

Women: Sarah Buckerfield (TAS), Claire Butler (TAS), Lilian Burrill (QLD), Brea Pearce (TAS), Belinda Lawford (ACT), Georgia Parsons (ACT). Reserves - Emily Prudhoe (NSW), Michele Dawson (NSW).

This year saw a change of process with the announcement of the 2010 JWOC Team moved from the traditional Easter Monday slot until later in the following week. While it is eagerly looked forward to and in previous years has led to a build up in anticipation on Easter Monday, the selection panel felt that a delay in the announcement of the team would best serve the interests of all the nominating candidates.

Each of the Men’s and Women’s teams comprise three who have been to at least one previous JWOC, and three newcomers, with the ACT contributing five members and Tasmania contributing four.

Claire Butler, Sarah Buckerfield, Lilian Burrill

Another of the previously established JWOC traditions has been discontinued this year. Last year Lachlan Dow wrote entertainingly in The Australian Orienteer of the team being ‘whisked away’ for training between Easter and the following NOL weekend’s events. This year, the training camp for the JWOC team, and other interested members of the National Junior squads, was delayed until the ANZAC weekend and took place in Tasmania. There we used the classic Pittwater Dunes map to simulate the low level intricacies of the Danish terrain. At the January training camp, Roch had already introduced the national squads to the JWOC maps, with considerable discussion about the challenges that will face the JWOC team.

Following the training camp we worked on establishing team blogs and other means of sharing our progress as we prepare for and participate in JWOC. Our motivation, commitment and enthusiasm levels are very high, and the Team is working hard in preparation for their travel and participation. The training camp proved an ideal opportunity for the team to come together to focus on both individual and team goals.

26 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Kurt Neumann (Qld)

Georgia Parsons (ACT)

Lachlan Dow (ACT)

Oscar Phillips, Brea Pearce, Claire Butler, Sarah Buckerfield Ian Lawford (ACT)

Joshua Blatchford (NSW)

Oliver Poland (ACT)

Sarah Buckerfield (TAS) Oscar Phillips (TAS) JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 27

MTB ORIENTEERING

Australian MTBO Team for the 2010 World Championships in Portugal

F

our Victorians were selected as the entire Men’s team to go to the Worlds in Montalegre, Portugal on July 11–17. Alex Randall (Yarra Valley), Steven Cusworth (Bayside Kangaroos) and Grant Lebbink (Eureka) were selected to join reigning double World Champion, Adrian Jackson (Melbourne Forest Racers), who was an automatic selection.

Melanie Simpson and Mary Fien, both from NSW will be our Women’s team. For the first time, Australia will be represented at the Junior World Championships to be held in conjunction with the Senior Championships in Portugal with Chris Firman (QLD), Luke Poland (ACT) and Marc Gluskie (TAS) selected.

Congratulations to all and we look forward to some top results in Portugal.

WOC Adrian Jackson Club: Melbourne Forest Racers (VIC) Lives: Hawthorn Age: 26 Occupation: PhD student/Research Engineer Orienteering: Started Foot O 1990 - JWOC team 2002, 2003 MTBO Experience: 6th WOC. 2004 Gold Middle, Bronze Long & Relay; 2005 Bronze Long; 2006 6th Long; 2008 Gold Middle, 6th Sprint & Long; 2009 Gold Sprint & Long, 5th Middle Bike: Merida O.Nine - (in Merida racing team) Favourite riding: Rotorua, NZ Other: One of top xc and marathon riders nationally. Won prestigious 100km Otway Odyssey in February. Barracks for Hawthorn in AFL Alex Randall Club: Yarra Valley (VIC) Lives: Croydon Age: 38 Occupation: Landscape gardener.

Orienteering: Started Foot O 1979 MTBO Experience: 7th WOC. Relay bronze 2004 & many top-16 results in other years Bike: Cilo full carbon Favourite riding: Manly Dam, Sydney Likes: Guitar, barracks for Liverpool (UK) Grant Lebbink Club: Eureka (VIC) Lives: Gisborne Age: 31 Occupation: Surveyor Orienteering: Started Foot O 1994 MTBO Experience: 2nd WOC, France 2002 – 35th in Sprint Bike: Giant Anthem Favourite riding: Alpine region Likes: road racing, rock / ice climbing and anything outdoors.

28 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

Steve Cusworth Club: Bayside Kangaroos (VIC) Lives: Hawthorn Age: 23 Occupation: Mechanical Engineering student Orienteering: Started Foot O 1992 MTBO Experience: 2nd WOC. Finland 2005 – 57th in Middle.

Bike: On-One Scandal 29er Favourite riding: You Yangs & Lysterfield Likes: Playing Aussie Rules & barracks for Carlton.

Likes movies rather than books Mary Fien Club: Bigfoot (NSW) Lives: Lane Cove North Age: 37 Occupation: Research Officer, Royal North Shore Hospital Orienteering: Started Foot O 1984 - WOC team in 1995 MTBO Experience: 3rd WOC - Relay bronze 2004; 13th Long 2005 Bike: Scott Comp Favourite riding: Rotorua, Colorado, ACT tracks.

Other: Past Australian rep in road running and in NSW teams for athletics, cross country and mountain running. Presently co-holds the Australian records in the Women’s U20 (set in 1989) and W35 (set in 2009) for 4 x 1500metres.

Also surfs and swims.

Melanie Simpson Club: Mountain Devils (NSW) Lives: Hauge i Dalane, Norway, formerly Taree Age: 25 Occupation: Doctor Orienteering: Started Foot O 1999 MTBO Experience: 2nd WOC, 16th Middle in 2008 Bike: Giant Anthem Advanced Favourite riding: Kiwarrak forest, Taree Likes: bushwalking, rogaining, sewing. Just moved to Norway long term so is busy learning Norwegian.

JWOC Luke Poland Club: Bushflyers (ACT) Lives: Campbell, Canberra Age: 19 Occupation: Administration Officer, Aust. Institute of Fitness Orienteering: Started Foot O 2000, ACT Schools team 2006-2009 MTBO Experience: started in 2007 Bike: Gary Fisher Paragon 29er Favourite riding: Sparrow Hill, Mogo, Woodend Likes: Camping. travelling, reading picture books Marc Gluskie Club: Australopers (TAS) Lives: Acton Park, Hobart Age: 17 Occupation: School student at Guilford Young College Orienteering: Started Foot O 2005; Tasmania Schools team 2006-09 MTBO Experience: started in 2009 Bike: Avanti competitor team Favourite riding: Mt Wellington Likes: MTB XC, canoe polo and interested in aviation Chris Firman Club: Enoggeroos (QLD) Lives: Wilston, Brisbane Age: 18 Occupation: Having a year off after school Orienteering: Started Foot O 1998 - in Qld Schools team MTBO Experience: started in 2005 Bike: Merida 96 3500D Favourite riding: Gap Creek Likes: Reading mountain bike magazines and is not a football fan COACH Kay Haarsma (South Australia) 2nd LEADER at WOC Briohny Lebbink (Victoria)

Typical General Preparation Training Block

1: 2: 3: 4: 5:

Recovery Easy endurance pace Moderate endurance pace Threshold (race) pace Super (above) threshold pace

Week 1 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) Mon PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) Tue PM: Tour de Burbs bunch ride (Zone 2-3) inc. 5 KOM climbs (Zone 5) AM: off PM: Pilates Wed MTB, Yarra trails (Zone 2-3) + 6 x 5 min at Zone 4 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) Thu PM: Dirt Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) Fri PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) Road ride in hills (Zone 2-3) Sat + 3 x 10 min hill SE efforts (Zone 4) Ride to Glenvale (Zone 2-3) Sun Glenvale Road Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home through hills (Zone 2-3)

Typical Racing Block

Week 1 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) Mon PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1-2) PM: Ride to Sandown (Zone 2-3) Tue Sandown Road Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 2-3) AM: off Wed PM: Pilates MTB, Yarra trails (Zone 2-3) AM: off Thu PM: Dirt crit race (Zone 4-5)

Fri

Sat

Sun

ADRIAN JACKSON WORLD MTBO CHAMP

Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone

30 min 30 min 30 min 120 min

60 min 90 min 30 min 45 min 30 min 30 min 30 min 180 min 45 min 65 min 120 min

AJ’s typical training weeks

I

work every weekday, so training has to fit around working hours. I use weeknight rides like road and dirt crits, road bunch rides and the like as training sessions as I find it more motivating to ride hard if I am in a race or riding with others. I subscribe to the theory that you should be either training hard or riding at proper recovery pace (i.e. very easy, most people ride too hard on recovery rides). Training at moderate pace is of limited use (especially in and around racing), and it is only in general preparation training phases where I do ‘long slow distance’, and even then I am usually including strength efforts or other efforts on the ride.

My training is highly periodised – that is it changes a lot depending on the training phase I am in and the races I am targeting. I usually try to peak twice in a year – firstly around Jan, Feb or Mar to target the big MTB XC and marathon races, and again around July or August if I head overseas for MTB WOC and other MTB races. In and around a big racing block training usually just takes the form of fine tuning and recovering between races.

When tapering the frequency and intensity of rides should stay the same – just volume drops off (i.e. ride as often as normal and as hard as normal, but just for less time). For the past few years I have also been training with a power meter on the road bike and more recently on the MTB too. Training with power is an incredibly useful tool, not only for monitoring how hard you are going on a ride or in a set of efforts, but also for tracking and monitoring training load.

This year I am targeting the big MTB XC races like the National Champs, National Series and Oceania Champs. I will then be training to peak for my trip to Europe which is going to include MTB WOC, two MTB World Cup races and the MTB Marathon World Champs.

Week 2 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Tour de Burbs bunch ride (Zone 2-3) inc.

5 KOM climbs (Zone 5) AM: off PM: Pilates MTB, Yarra trails (Zone 2-3) + 10 x 3 min at Zone 4 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Dirt Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) Road ride in hills (Zone 2-3) + 3 x 12 min hill SE efforts (Zone 4) Road ride in hills (Zone 2-3) + 2 x 20 min at Zone 4, alt low/high cadence every 2 min

30 min 30 min 30 min 120 min

60 min 120 min 30 min 45 min 30 min 30 min 30 min 210 min 240 min

60 min

Week 2 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1-2) PM: Ride to Sandown (Zone 2-3) Sandown Road Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 2-3) AM: off PM: Pilates MTB, Yarra trails (Zone 2-3) AM: Travel (fly to Canberra) PM: Course recce laps for w/end (Zone 2-4)

AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2)

30 min 30 min

AM: Course recce laps for w/end (Zone 1-2) PM: Feet up!

Road ride (Zone 1-2) + 10 x 15 sec power sprints (Zone 5) High cadence drills on rollers (Zone 1-2) State Series XCO race (Zone 4-5) + Practice lap, warmup/dowm

90 min

National Series XCO (Zone 4-5) + warm up/down

125 min 60 min

National Series XCC (Zone 4-5) + warmup/down Travel (fly to Melb)

25 min 60 min

30 min 30 min 30 min 60 min 65 min 45 min 60 min 90 min

60 min 120 min 60 min

30 min 30 min 30 min 60 min 65 min 45 min 60 min 90 min 90 min 60 min

Week 3 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: T our de Burbs bunch ride (Zone 2-3) inc. 5 KOM climbs (Zone 5) AM: off PM: Pilates MTB, Yarra trails (Zone 2-3) + 5 x 6 min at Zone 4 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: D irt Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) Road ride in hills (Zone 2-3) + 3 x 15 min hill SE efforts (Zone 4) 6 Hour MTB Enduro

Week 3 AM: Ride to work (Zone 1) PM: Ride home (Zone 1-2) AM: Ride to work (Zone 1-2) PM: R ide to Sandown (Zone 2-3) Sandown Road Crit (Zone 4-5) Ride home (Zone 2-3) Travel day (fly to Dunedin, NZ)

AM: Course recce laps for weekend, including 1 ‘hot’ lap (Zone 2-4) PM: Feet up!

AM: Course recce laps for weekend (Zone 1-2), including 4x1min at race pace PM: Feet up!

Oceania Champs XCO (Zone 4-5) + warm up/down Hucking and rolling races at Dunedin BMX track Travel day (fly to Melb)

30 min 30 min 30 min 120 min

60 min 150 min 30 min 45 min 30 min 30 min 30 min 210 min 360 min

30 min 30 min 30 min 60 min 65 min 45 min

90 min

60 min

125min 60 min 60 min

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 29

MTB ORIENTEERING

World Champs Team Trials & National Round #1 Kay Haarsma

M

any competitors travelled from interstate to NSW for the first round of the National MTBO Series in March.

A unique pick up service from Sydney airport and transport to both events provided by Will Levy of mtnbike.com.au proved both popular and cost efficient. These two events also were Australian Team selection trials for the 2010 World Championships in Portugal, so competition was hot.

For once, Sunny Corner lived up to its name instead of its cold and wet reputation, and we had a beautiful sunny day with pleasantly warm temperatures. Day 2 on Jenolan East was also a fine riding day.

Despite the hills and the rocky tracks, all riders enjoyed the challenging courses set by Graeme Garlick (Sunny Corner) and Mark Shingler (Jenolan East). Many thanks for the overall organisation by the infatiguable David West. Maps and courses can be studied via route gadget from the Mt Devils website.

Day 1 saw Alex Randall stamp his authority on the elite field by claiming best times for seven of the 13 splits on the Middle Distance course and he won by 2mins. Comeback kid Steven Cusworth’s choice to give away Aussie Rules was vindicated with a great second place. David Simpfendorfer took five of the fastest splits in placing 3rd, proving that his navigation practice from taking up foot Orienteering and adventure racing was beneficial. Paul Darvodelsky’s relocation to Alice Springs certainly hadn’t hurt his training, as he was a creditable 4th. Grant Lebbink lost valuable time with a

puncture. Reigning world champion Adrian Jackson had been pre-selected for WOC and was in New Zealand racing and placing 5th in the Oceania mountain bike xc championships.

The hilly legs 7-8 and 8-9 proved crucial in the men’s event.

To #8 the correct choice was Left on a good fire road that involved extra distance but a steady climb. Alex took 12:35 for this, while Rob Preston took 18mins on the Right hand route choice and Damian Welbourne took 20mins on the much shorter but steeper single track. Going to #9 it was best to utilise the same fire road as in going to #8 in preference to climbing on the more direct route.

Melanie Simpson had set her sights firmly on team selection again and was dominant in the elite women winning every split except one. It was the performance of the weekend, winning her class by 13 minutes and beating the M20 and M40’s on the same course. After an impressive debut WOC in 2008 Melanie is an exciting prospect for a high up finish in 2010. After the trials she moved to Norway to live indefinitely and will be contesting several World Cup events as a lead in to the Championships in July. Mary Fien had a faulty mapboard which caused issues on both days, but she rode well despite this and took 2nd . The girl’s field was no walkover, including recent WOC representatives Thor Egerton, Cath Chalmers, Carolyn Jackson and Kath Copland.

The junior elite boys drew a field from five different States and the pleasing result was that they all rode well over both days. In the Middle Distance Chris Firman (QLD) claimed five of the fastest splits to take a 2min victory over ACT’s Luke Poland, with 17 year-old Taswegian Marc Gluskie just 2mins further back. The hard luck story of the day was the two punctures to Victorian speedster Heath Jamieson. The juniors rode the same course as the women elites and were afterwards conferring with Melanie to see where their route choices differed.

Sunny Corner 1: 15 000 10m contours

MIDDLE DISTANCE

Melanie Simpson – in tremendous form at the trials.

Elite Men – 22km Alex Randall 68:33 Steven Cusworth 70:41 David Simpfendorfer 75:01 Paul Darvodelsky 79:46 Rob Preston 81:24 Grant Lebbink 82:40 Elite Women - 19.0km Melanie Simpson 62:59 Mary Fien 76:04 Kath Copland 78:11 Thorlene Egerton 80:21 Carolyn Jackson 82:26 Cath Chalmers 83:28 Men 20 Elite - 19.0km Chris Firman 66:10 Luke Poland 68:00 Marc Gluskie 72:32 Alex Massey 76:02 Heath Jamieson 91:49

30 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

The Long Distance courses on the new and steep area of Jenolan East were expected to literally sort “the men from the boys.” However the men showed pleasing fitness and excellent route choice skills to have close finishes in both the elite and junior categories. Alex Randall again showed pleasing consistency to take the win but David Simpfendorfer was only a minute behind and had a similar margin over Grant Lebbink, who produced an outstanding ride to cement his place in the Team. Rob Preston’s 4th suggests that he could be Alex Randall – a force in this aspect of Orienteering. lining up for his 7th (David unfortunately wasn’t available for World Champs selection.)

Melanie Simpson again dominated by taking 12 out of 14 splits but did lose four minutes or so en route to #4.

Mary Fien was again second and Kath Copland scored her first national round placing with third.

Heath Jamieson, who now races on the road as well as on the mountain bike, showed his strength in taking out the junior category by almost two minutes from the ever improving Marc Gluskie, with Chris Firman only another 30secs back. Luke Poland’s penultimate punch didn’t register but splits indicated he was right on the pace. Heath wasn’t available for selection due to Year 12 studies. Initially I had hoped to take one or perhaps two juniors to Portugal but the consistent and speedy rides by Chris, Luke and Marc saw them all get the selectors’ nod.

Grant Lebbink – was at the first World Champs in 2002 in France

Jenolan East 1: 20 000 10m contours Steve Cusworth – back riding bikes in 2010 and aiming for top results in Portugal.

LONG DISTANCE Elite Men – 35.0 km Alex Randall 101:45 David Simpfendorfer 102:17 Grant Lebbink 103:21 Rob Preston 107:02 Steven Cusworth 108:40 Paul Darvodelsky 114:28 Elite Women - 25.0 km Melanie Simpson 104:41 Mary Fien 113:35 Kath Copland 130:10 Carolyn Jackson 132:58 Alison Curtin 139:29 Thorlene Egerton 147:16 Men 20 Elite - 25.0 km Heath Jamieson 106:58 Marc Gluskie 108:44 Chris Firman 109:27 Alex Massey 127:27 Luke Poland (110) mp Photo: Mike Brown / Photoworx

JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 31

CLIMATE CHANGE

Low Carbon Orienteering Rex Niven (NE-V), M Eng Sci, Eltham Energy Experts

O

rienteers are intelligent, self-motivated and thinking people. They enjoy the outdoors, especially in the natural environment of our State Forests and National Parks. They would therefore probably react negatively if our bush and mountain forests were damaged or if the “liveability” of South East Australia in general were threatened. They would probably demand global warming (also known as “climate change”) be stopped or slowed as far as possible.

What was that global war-thing again? Maybe you’re a Federal Government Senator, or seriously weren’t paying attention, so here is the short version: Many normal twentieth-century human activities like burning coal for electricity, driving a car, flying by plane, and agriculture like raising sheep and cattle generate carbon dioxide, methane and other “greenhouse” gases.

There are now a lot more humans than ever, and the proportion of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has built up to be noticeably above natural levels (over 30% global increase since 1778). The extra greenhouse gas in the upper atmosphere causes more absorption of the sun’s heat, and it is measurably warmer than a century ago in many parts of the globe.

use of lead is still being tightened. Tobacco is still guilty as charged, although the cigarette industry put up one hell of a smokescreen. However, for global warming the scientific predictions just get scarier all the time and seem just too darn big for mere governments to tackle. As discoveries become more alarming climate scientists often have to downplay their findings in order to be taken seriously.

The likelihood that these changes are “natural” is thought by mainstream climate scientists to be pretty low, but from a how-do-we-fix-it person’s perspective the relative amounts of guilt (man vs. nature) is not the main issue. Maybe both contribute.

Are orienteers low carbon emitters?

Now the big question - do orienteers contribute to this problem? Actual orienteering raises the metabolic rate and may create a bit of greenhouse gas, but that is bearable. Use of fossil carbon as fuel is a major cause of greenhouse effect warming, and it has to be said that orienteers love to travel.

Whether by plane to Scandinavia, or by a monthly car trip to Bendigo, Belanglo, Bothwell or Burra, orienteers probably generate more CO2 than the normal Aussie. Remember that due to our dependence on coal-power for electricity and our western lifestyle in general, on a world-wide scale the typical Australian is already the worst offender. The average little vegemite creates over 27 tonnes of atmospheric carbon per annum, so our local orienteers don’t look too good.

Can we think up ways to reduce our CO2 emissions?

• At State level we could reduce driving distances by deciding to hold more local events. Multi-day events could be a more carbon-efficient way to orienteer in more distant locations; • At club level we could travel more communally, by carpool or even by train.

Around 1971, weather patterns began to change, with more extremes like floods and droughts. The earth’s oceans are slowly warming, and sea levels are rising. The rising temperatures in turn cause more greenhouse gas to be released, especially from sub-arctic peat and tundra as well as from the sea-bed. They also reduce the amount of sea-ice which helps reflect the sun’s radiation. As warming causes more CO2 and methane to be released a future generation might eventually see a greenhouse “runaway”. In case young children are present, we won’t explore the ramifications of that scenario just here.

Acid rain, Y2K, ozone-holes, swine-flu, tobacco, lead in petrol. We have seen these panics come and go, without much damage. Aren’t they just caused by scientists in need of a study grant? In the case of Y2K the problem was exaggerated by the industry concerned but the right action was taken anyway. For acid-rain a kind of free-market like an emissions-trading-scheme was introduced to reduce sulphur being released into the air. Despite industry reluctance 32 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

This might be practical for O terrain near a station, say (in Victoria) Macedon or the You Yangs. Using a car pool is potentially a big improvement. Of course, public or communal transport makes the whole day a lot longer, and good use of your leisure time is important, especially with children.

A family could consider a smaller more fuel-efficient car perhaps running on gas, or a hybrid. Take a Prius rather than a Pajero. One sees lots of big 4WDs at Orienteering events.

• At an individual level there are many ways to reduce your personal “carbon footprint”. Use a fan instead of an airconditioner, take the train to work, wash clothes on the cold water cycle, disconnect the tumble dryer, use the dishwasher only occasionally, switch off electrical appliances rather than put them on standby, use your bike to go to the shop, eat vegetarian every Tuesday, cook with gas, use solar-heated hot water, holiday locally sometimes, change to CFL lightbulbs.

Do whatever is reasonably possible for you - it is all just common sense. Reducing electricity use is the place to start.

However, for long-distance travel the jumbo jet is about as efficient as we are likely to get. There are no practical

renewable jet fuels or new-age solar powered plane engines on the way. Flying at lower altitudes and during daylight hours is said to be less damaging, but these are hard for an individual to arrange.

Carbon Offsets - The Papal Indulgence of the Twenty First century An indirect approach is to “buy” your guilt-free travel by purchasing carbon offsets. These are a means of paying someone to reduce atmospheric CO2 by some action somewhere in the world. This can be in all sorts of ways like: • planting trees to absorb and hold the CO2 as wood; •e quipping third world townships with high-efficiency lightbulbs; • s etting up a renewable energy project like a hydro power plant; •c apturing methane from land fill and eliminating it by using for heating; •b uying solar-powered lights for African villagers to reduce use of kerosene lamps; or • “saving” a tropical rainforest somewhere.

This is a fairly new market with some low-hanging fruit but it is difficult to be sure your money has done what was promised. There are a lot of different schemes with varying drawbacks and probably some scams. Orienteers might be especially attracted by the prospect of the creation of vast new forests, but even trees take around ten years of growth to start serious annual weight gain, and a bushfire might undo much of the good work at any time. How can we really know that the forest we got planted will be there in fifty years time?

Will the Elbonian rainforest you just saved need saving again next year when a new government moves in?

The amount you are asked to pay for offsets varies a lot, from about $5 to over $50 per tonne of carbon. This ratio suggests some variation in the quality of the product might exist. Ideally your money buys “additional” credit, that is, the CO2 reduction would not have happened unless you paid for it. But even then you don’t want to hear that the same tree has been sold to six other people and then logged. To be more confident, you can pay a premium for accreditation like Gold Standard. To offset flights in 2010 I expect to pay around A$25/tonne for tree-based credits and I only buy in schemes that operate in Australia. This adds around 5% to my longhaul air travel costs.

New Zealand and parts of the USA are also putting their toe in the water. Proposed fuel-tax schemes in France and UK have met with fierce opposition.

The word “disarray” would best describe the carbon and renewable energy market just at the moment in Australia and mainstream USA, but have faith, it can only improve. In the EU carbon trading has been occurring for a few years now, and even post Copenhagen the market price is holding up at Euro12 (A$20) /tonne (March 2010). The higher the price, or more accurately the higher the price is thought to be going to increase to, the more renewable energy projects are attractive to investors. Australia looks to have a long way to go in this area.

For most parts of Australia, electricity use is the most CO2 intensive activity we have. About 70% of the energy from the burning coal is lost as heat at the power station end or in transmission cables, and almost half of electricity delivered is then used for heating something, like hot water or cooking (2005 figures). It would be so much more sensible to supply the heat directly, with gas and solar-heated appliances. If you can think of any way to use less electricity, do it!

Can we hide the CO2 ?

Some State governments have a strong incentive to “bet the ranch” on geo-sequestration, where old coal-fired power stations like Hazelwood in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley would suddenly become green because most of the CO2 emissions are captured in a chemical spray, recovered by heating, liquefied under high pressure and pumped to an underground reservoir some hundreds of km distance away. This has a few uncertainties: • i t is considered “affordable” only once the carbon price exceeds $50/tonne; • it may not be feasible at the scale needed; • it may never be acceptably safe and reliable.

The size of the engineering installations required is mindboggling – if you imagine all the pipes, storage facilities, tankers, servos and other distribution currently used just for petrol and diesel supply, then multiply this by about 5 and you can get an idea of the level of investment needed.

A quick-and-dirty solution is to change electricity power stations to run on gas. This should at least halve the CO2 emissions from this sector, but even this is not a long-term fix. Nevertheless, I predict a large-scale switch to gas in the near future.

Another dubious solution being touted is the electric car.

Although the car itself creates few emissions, it gets energy to power the batteries from the grid. So, until our grid is totally powered by renewables that means extra loads like your electric car are ultimately powered by brown coal. The overall transport CO2 emissions could be twice as much as before. Petrol engines are actually not so bad!

Countries like Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Holland have had carbon tax schemes up and running for quite a while, with Sweden and Denmark at least reporting economic growth and reduced emissions. Canada, Ireland, JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 33

Performance tips

O-Spy Career Milestone for Blair Trewin On Good Friday last, Blair Trewin competed in his 200th National Orienteering League event. This is the most ever by any Australian orienteer and represents a sustained and successful career at the elite level.

Given that there have only ever been 223 events in the history of the National Orienteering League, this is a tremendous performance.

Blair was hoping for a cheer squad to erect a large banner to run through on the way to the start triangle, and a double page spread in The Herald Sun. Perhaps this can be arranged for his 250th in late 2012, if all goes to plan.

Ed:- will a para in O-Spy make up for the lack of interest by The Herald Sun?

Channel 7’s Coxy goes Orienteering

Australian JWOC representative and Easter Three Day Junior Elite champion, Lachlan Dow, has found that if he takes a gel with some water two-thirds of the way through an event he never makes a mistake during the rest of the course.

Others, like prolific M45AS and M55AS winner Kevin Williams, always has a Camelbak on his back boosting his fluid levels to keep his brain ticking away in events.

However, a runner from Canberra contesting the Paris marathon early in April found something altogether different was on offer to boost the batteries late in the race. At the 36km drink station he reached for a cup of what looked like berry juice, only to find it was actually red wine. It did not hinder his performance as he went on finish in 2hrs 52mins.

John Harding (ACT)

Creative awards at Easter Easter Twenty10 organisers had a number of innovations to add spice to each day’s presentations. Among these were injury of the day, fastest and slowest non-elite run to the finish from the last control, most recycled gear worn on the day and Mr and Mrs Average awards. Tony Mount’s broken leg was probably the injury of the Carnival while the most surprising fastest last control split by a female was achieved by 8 yearold Arabella Phillips from Tasmania on Day 3. David Hogg ventured out on Day 1 in some early 1970s representative O gear to take the first of the prizes for oldest recycled gear.

The Mr and Mrs Average awards went to those orienteers each day who had times closest to those run by OA President and First Lady, Bill and Kerryne Jones. In an astonishing coincidence on Day 3, former OA President and First Lady, John and Valerie Brammall, each ran times only a couple of seconds different to those of Bill and Kerryne.

John Harding (ACT)

orienteers in this his introduction to the sport. A whole day’s filming was boiled down to a revealing and very funny slant on our sport. Coxy’s “secret weapon” enabled him to win out over the foot and mountain bike orienteers without even raising a sweat.

The 5-minute segment and more footage in the closing piece was good coverage for a show like Coxy’s and was certainly good publicity for Orienteering at close to prime viewing time.

Back in early March a dozen or so intrepid Victorian orienteers trekked to the You Yangs in response to a call from Rob Edmonds for extras to take part in filming an Orienteering segment for “Coxy’s Big Break”.

The item was broadcast at 5:30pm on April 17th. In a 5-minute segment Coxy took on both foot and mountain bike 34 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

photos by Peter Yeates

Early start

Uni Team Selections

Former ACT Orienteering stalwart Graham Moon (now Graham Zalewska-Moon) has been domiciled in Poland for the last decade. He is still competing and on 17 April ventured out in the last of the melting winter snow to do his first event of the year, only to discover he was 3 weeks early! He wonders if anyone else can beat this for a stuff up in timing.

Australian Team for 2010 World University Orienteering Championships

On the following weekend Graham reported that he ‘ran a 2-day event near Zamosc.

Only a small field. Finished up 3rd on Day 1, 4th on Day 2. He was the oldest competitor so not too bad.

Also on the same day/place/ time there was a RadiO orienteering event. They had five controls each with a transmitter. Each control transmitted for a minute then switched off while the others took it in turn to transmit. Competitors carried a 3 bar directional antenna and map but the controls were not marked.

Each competitor had to mark the position onto his map (and each control was manned). The fittest were covering about 9 kilometers in 70-80 minutes. (Ed – this is ARDF).

John Harding (ACT)

Longest map name?

The first bush event for 2010 in West Australia was on April 18th last at Ngangaguringguring. Is this the longest single word name for an Orienteering map in Australia?

The World University Orienteering Championships (WUOC) will be held in 2010 in Borlange, Sweden, from 18 - 24 July (see http://www.wuoc2010. se/). The Australian Team which has been selected is the highest standard in many years and we anticipate the Championships will be a great experience for some of Australia’s best up and coming orienteers.

Congratulations to the Team and best of luck with your preparation for the Championships.

Men Evan Barr Bryan Keely Oliver Mitchell Matthew Parton Murray Scown Simon Uppill

La Trobe University La Trobe Bendigo University of Queensland Australian National University University of New England University of Adelaide

Women Rachel Effeney Laurina Neumann Aislinn Prendergast Vanessa Round

University of Queensland La Trobe University Melbourne University Melbourne University

The Millenium Club Ray Howe (Convenor) The Millennium Club which acknowledges enduring participation in metropolitan Melbourne Park & Street Orienteering events held its 2nd Annual Dinner in the Bistro of the Doncaster Shoppingtown Hotel on Wednesday 14th April, 2010. The occasion is an opportunity for all members of the P&S community to meet socially and formally celebrate worthy “Street-O” achievement.

The well attended dinner honoured The Millennium Club’s four inaugural Legend members, Geoff Hudson, Mike Hubbert, Ken O’Brien and John Sheahan. During the past year these members had reached the Legendary milestone of completing 1000 events since the start of the millennium (1st Jan, 2000). The members were introduced by the President of Orienteering Victoria, Ian Dodd, and presented with their “1000” cloth badge, Legend key-ring and Certificate of Achievement by elder statesman of P&S Orienteering, Wally Cavill.

During the year, five members had completed 750 events and qualified to be upgraded to Companion membership of The Millennium Club. Schon Hudson, Ian Greenwood, Bryan Ackerly, Ray Howe and Dale Howe were presented with their “750” cloth badge by elder statespersons, Pat and Alan Miller. Nine new members qualified for Associate membership during the past year: Marion Johnson, Kevin Maloney, Peter Maloney, Paul Leicester, Margi Freemantle, Eric Davidson, Adam Scammell, Tim Dent and Ken James.

Attending members received their “500” cloth badge from P&S elder Barry Cross.

The Millennium Club now has a total of 50 members comprised of 4 Legends, 18 Companions and 28 Associates with Wally Cavill its oldest member at 80+ years and Adam Scammell being the youngest member to qualify at 30 years and 6 months.

The Dinner also provided an opportunity for Ian Dodd to provide a perspective on the successful development of Park & Street Orienteering in Melbourne and its environs as well as announcing the winners of three Park & Street Awards for 2009.

Ian highlighted the healthy growth in participation, the willingness to experiment with new ideas and also the high demands that it places on the volunteering spirit of its constituents and the future need for all participants to contribute to the organization of P&S if costs are to remain at their relatively low level and for participation to continue to grow.

The previously announced 2009 Park & Street Course of the Year winners were confirmed as Katherine Dent and Kristian Halbert for their King Arthur themed courses at Camelot Rise (see AO-March’09, pp2829). The recipient of the 2009 Park & Street Promotions Award was Phil Giddings and the 2009 Park & Street Services Award was presented to Ray Howe.

Ken O’Brien

Mike Hubbert and Geoff Hudson

John Sheahan JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 35

TOP EVENTS

2010

2011 June 3 - 6

WMOC/MTB Championships Gdansk, Poland www.harpagan.pl/worldcup

June 19 - 20

Jukola Relays Kytäjä, Finland www.jukola2010.net

June 26 July 10

North American Orienteering Festival Washington State (US) & British Columbia (Canada) www.us.orienteering.org/

June 27 July 4 July 4 - 11

July 5 - 10

July 11 - 17

July 12 - 17

July 18 - 24

July 24 - 30

July 24 - 31

July 31 Aug 7 Aug 8 - 15

Aug 21 - 22

Aug 22 - 27

Sept 4-5 Sept 5

Sep 25 Oct 3 Oct 16-17 Oct 23-24

Dec 27 - 31

April 22 - 25

June 18 - 19

July 1-9

Dates tba

6 Days of Tyrol Karersee, Austria / Italy www.tyrol2010.com JWOC Aalborg, Denmark www.jwoc2010.dk Kainuu Orienteering Week Puolanka, Finland http://krv.rastiviikko.fi/index. php\?Itemid=3 World MTBO Champs & Junior World MTBO Champs Montalegre, Portugal, http://mtbwoc2010.fpo.pt Fin5 Ruokolahti, Finland www.fin5.fi World University Orienteering Championships. Borlange, Sweden www.wuoc2010.se/ O-Ringen Örebro, Sweden www.oringen.se/987.php Tour O Swiss www.tour-o-swiss.ch WMOC Neuchatel, Switzerland www.wmoc2010.org WOC Trondheim, Norway www.woc2010.com Queensland Championships Maryborough www.oq.asn.au/qldchamps Lakes 5 Coniston, Cumbria, England www.lakes5.org.uk Qld MTBO Champs/Nat MTBO #2 Middle & Long Distance WOC25 Kooyoora, Victoria www.vicorienteering.asn.au AUS Champs Carnival Barossa & Adelaide, SA www.sa.orienteering.asn.au SA MTBO Champs Nelson – Vic/SA border Aus MTBO Championships – Vic Nat MTBO #3, WRE Middle & Long + Sprint, Castlemaine/Daylesford vicmtbo.com Xmas 5-Days Armidale NSW www.nsw.orienteering.asn.au

36 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

July 1 - 8

July 23 - 29

July 30 – Aug 6 July 31 – Aug 6 Aug 13 - 20

Aug 20 - 28

Oct 1-9

Dec 27 - 31

Australian 3-Days West Australia www.aus3days 2011.orienteering.asn.au Jukola Relays Virolahti, Finland www.jukola2011.net JWOC Wejherowo, Poland www.jwoc2011.pl Fin5 Lohja, Finland www.fin5.fi WMOC Pecs, Hungary www.wmoc2011.com O-Ringen Halsingland, Sweden www.oringen.se Swiss O Week 2011 Flims, Switzerland www.swiss-o-week.ch Scottish 6 Days Oban & Lorn www.scottish6days.com WOC Savoie Grand Revard, France www.woc2011.fr World MTBO Champs & Junior World MTBO Champs Vicenza, Veneto, Italy Oceania, Australian & Schools Championships VIC, NSW 7 ACT Xmas 5-Days NSW www.nsw.orienteering.asn.au

Easter 2011 in Western Australia

T

he next Australian 3-Day Easter Orienteering Carnival The 2011 Australian 3 Days Easter Carnival will be held in Western Australia and Richard Matthews, Carnival Technical Director, reports that mapping is completed and setting well underway.

“We’ve selected an area just south of York, east of Perth, that offers a variety of terrain on the one map. There’s a mixture of some bush, some rock and some open farmland, which will provide variety and challenges to orienteers of all skill levels,” said Richard, “and a new area and map keeps everyone on their toes!”

The second weekend of the Carnival will feature the Australian Championships Sprint at an urban location in Perth and the Middle Distance in well loved Xanthorrhoea dotted gullies of the Helena Valley just east of Perth.

Event Director, Nicole Davis, noted “The Frazzle Rock Carnival runs from 22nd April to 1st May 2011 and the event website has all the details of the events we’ll be offering. You can also sign up for email alerts so you don’t miss entry deadlines and details and follow us online for Carnival news.” Entries will open via online registration at www.aus3days2011. orienteering.asn.au in September 2010.

With the Frazzle Rock Carnival including the Australian 3 Day and the Australian Middle Distance and Sprint Championships there has never been a better time to visit Western Australia to enjoy Orienteering.

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CHAMPIONSHIPS

21 & 22 August 2010 at Maryborough Return like Mary Poppins to the delights of the Fraser Coast for two days of challenging competition in some great orienteering terrain.

Sat 21 August – Will be held on the Aramara State Forest map, 35km west of Maryborough. Spur/gully terrain with lots of intricate gullies and watercourses to test your navigation.

Sun 22 August – Day 2 will use the same assembly area with courses traversing the western section of the Hidden Glen map. This area offers some lovely, runnable forest, interesting topography and some detailed erosion gullies.

The Fraser Coast region around Maryborough supports a diverse range of tourist attractions including the World Heritage listed Fraser Island and the delights of Hervey Bay. Why not plan an extended holiday and enjoy what the region has to offer?

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JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 37

ORIENTEERING AUSTRALIA

Executive Matters John Harding – OA Executive Officer

T

he Annual General Meeting (AGM) of Orienteering Australia saw the re-elections for two years of Bill Jones as President, Blair Trewin as Finance Director and Robin Uppill as Technical Director, resulting in an unchanged Board. No nominations were received for the position of Director of Development and Participation. The Board is now considering a proposal by Eric Morris to reduce the workload of this position by creating a special Director of Media and Communications to take care of that important component of the development role.

Thanks to Ben Rattray and Rob Preston, Orienteering Australia now has very good Facebook and Twitter social media outlets. The Facebook page not only links back to news announcements on the OA website but facilitates easy uploading of on-the-day event photographs and commentary well beyond what can quickly be put on the website.

Orienteers are strongly encouraged to join Facebook and become OA Facebook page fans to receive this service and contribute. Late last year I attended an ASC Workshop on Sports Communications which reported that more than 7 million Australians were on Facebook and two thirds of them uploaded photos to their Facebook pages. Hence nearly all the major sports and the ASC itself had created Facebook pages for their organisations to interface with this market.

The AGM also deliberated on a paper by the esteemed editor of The Australian Orienteer, Mike Hubbert, on a projected deficit in the cost of producing the magazine, largely due to increasing printing costs and reduced income from advertising. There were many views expressed on options for meeting this challenge. One view, that only an electronic copy be produced, is impractical on two counts. Nearly all international orienteering magazines include copies of maps illustrating route choices, as well as colour photos of events.

There is a consensus among Board members that a minimum content of the magazine should be 20 to 24 colour pages to facilitate adequate colour map and photographic coverage, supported by additional black and white pages of less colourreliant material. Creating a PDF of such a magazine not only reduces the quality of the colour map and photographic images but is around 10 MB in size, much too large to either email or download from the web.

Another way to reduce costs is to reduce the number of pages by transferring some traditional content in the magazine to the website: ranking lists and badge award winners, for example. However, the best way is to increase the number of members, other subscribers and purchasers of the magazine so that the unit price per copy goes down and the attractiveness to advertisers increases. Ways to get the magazine into newsagents and other outlets are being explored. There were a range of other views on managing content and size to maximise the attractiveness and cost effectiveness of the magazine. So the AGM made two decisions to respond to Mike’s paper: i. Increase the price of each copy of the magazine in 2011 to claw back the deficit; ii. Survey subscribers and provide a paper to the OA Conference in December on the findings so that there are data available on issues such as how many route-choice maps should be included, how many colour pages are 38 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER JUNE 2010

desirable, what are the most popular topics the different reader age-groups want to see included, what is best just published on the website, and so on.

An online survey questionnaire will therefore be developed and tested in the near future. Then all recipients of the weekly Enews bulletins in each state and territory will be encouraged to complete it when it goes live.

Orienteering Australia Annual Awards SILVA Award for Services to Orienteering Awarded to Robert Vincent, NSW. Rob Vincent was National Controller for the 2007 World Junior Championships and the 2009 World Masters Orienteering Championships and Overall Controller for the 2004 Australian Championships Carnival, the 2007 Australian Championships Carnival (in conjunction with JWOC) and the 2008 Australian 3 Days in NSW. JWOC2007 and WMOC2009 were the largest events ever undertaken by OANSW. As National Controller, Robert liaised with the IOF Event Advisors and the Event Organisers to ensure that all aspects of the events were correctly (and successfully) undertaken. He also liaised with the mappers, course setters and day controllers for each of the individual days involved. This included extensive fieldwork to ensure the suitability of the maps and courses.

Rob has been a stalwart member of Newcastle Orienteering Club for many years and with his quiet determination and attention to detail he has made a major contribution to the sport in Australia.

(Profile by Dave Lotty)

SILVA Award for Services to Orienteering Coaching Awarded to Jessica FullerSmith, Tasmania.

Jessica is a young coach who has demonstrated outstanding commitment to furthering the sporting aspirations of young Tasmanian orienteers through her Jessica Fuller-Smith receives the Silva role as coach of the Tasmanian award from Bil Jones schools team over the last two years and her role in coaching at Tasmanian junior training camps. Jess brings to the role a quiet confidence and self belief for the juniors in her team. She has a keen insight into the role of coaching young individuals with a sense of compassion combined with a detailed insight of the technical requirements of Orienteering. A measure of Jess’s coaching abilities has been that Tasmania has placed in the top three States in the time that Jess has being coach of the schools team. In addition, Jess has run regular training and coaching programs for very young orienteers who are just beginning Orienteering and does so with a caring and thoughtful approach to meeting their needs in learning the complex skills required to become a successful orienteer.

(Profile by Mike Dowling)

SILVA Medal for Orienteer of the Year Awarded to Jenny Bourne, ACT. Derived from points awarded in National and State championships in 2009 in the M16 and W16 and older age groups.

Jenny Bourne accepts her award

Orienteering Australia Athlete of the Year Award Awarded to Adrian Jackson, Victoria.

Adrian Jackson was voted Athlete of the Year for 2009, winning the award for the second year in succession. In an outstanding year, Adrian won gold medals in the Sprint and Long Distance events at the World Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships, with a 3-minute victory margin in the Long Distance championship. He also finished 5th in the Middle Distance championship.

David Hogg Medal for Services to Event Management Awarded to Eric Andrews, QLD. Eric has been involved in Orienteering for more than 30 years, as a competitor, administrator, selector, technical director, event organiser and mapper, and few other Australian orienteers have made a greater contribution to the sport in so many different areas. Apart from David Hogg presents Eric Andrews his many other contributions to Orienteering, Eric has also played a major role in event management over the last 26 years. As well as organising hundreds of local and State events, he has made a significant contribution to the conduct of many major national events. He was the principal organiser of the 1982 Military Orienteering Championships in Queensland, an organiser of the Family Relays at the Australian 3 Days at Cherrabah in 1987 and technical co-ordinator for the 1991 Top State Carnival which involved six events, including the Queensland and Australian Championships.

Eric was also the technical director and course setter for the 1995 Australian 3 Days Orienteering Championships at Crows Nest. He undertook the role of event coordinator and technical director of the Asia-Pacific Orienteering Championships Carnival in July 2000 which covered a total of nine events, including the Australian and Asia-Pacific Championships. He also coordinated the 2001 Christmas 5 Days which were held in Queensland. In 2004, he was event co-ordinator for the Australian 3 Days Orienteering Championships held at Ipswich which was part of an extended carnival that also involved the Australian MTBO Championships, the Australian Middle Distance Championships and the Southern Downs Championships.

More recently, he undertook more than four years work to coordinate the Australian Orienteering Championships Carnival which was held at Maryborough in 2008. This major event involved 15 separate events over a 12-day period including all disciplines of the Australian Championships – Sprint, Middle Distance, Long Distance and Relay – as well as the Sprint, Middle Distance and Long Distance events for the Australian Mountain Bike Orienteering Championships. Two of the foot-O events and two of the MTBO events were also designated IOF World Ranking Events.

(Profile by Reid Moran)

2010 Champion Club Awarded at the Orienteering Australia Annual Dinner to the Bushflyers Club in the ACT based on placings in all age groups during the first two days of the AUS 3 Days. The top ten clubs and their points were: Bushflyers ACT 43, Esk Valley Tasmania 34, Australopers Tasmania 32, Red Roos ACT 31, Big Foot NSW 31, Garingal NSW 31, Ugly Gully QLD 30, Enoggeroos QLD 27, Newcastle NSW 23, Wellington Ranges Tasmania 23.

President’s Report Bill Jones

A

ustralian orienteering in 2009 finished with an odd mixture of results.

There were some more changes to the Board members, still no outcome from the Crawford Report and some good international results from our elite orienteers.

The two major successes in 2009 were without doubt, the continuing winning achievement of Adrian Jackson with two gold medals at the MTBO World Championships. The other notable attainment was a gold and silver medal by Hanny Allston in the World Games. Another medallist of a different style was the awarding of an Order of Australia Medal to Bob Mouatt for his many years of service to Orienteering.

In the “odd” category, Australia fielded a women-only team at WOC 2009. For various reasons, not enough men were available to field a team. However the women gave a very creditable performance with a podium finish for Kathryn Ewels and a top ten result in the Relay.

Later in the year, the World Masters Orienteering Championships 2009, included into the Sydney World Masters Games 2009, were held in or near Sydney and Lithgow. Two points to mention here; One, that a significant number of Australian Orienteers won a significant number of medals; and Two, that a significant number of the organisers were also organisers at the Junior World Championships 2007 in Dubbo. A remarkable effort by those people.

The National Orienteering League has continued to maintain interest and has been very well supported by our elite senior and junior classes. Fiskars Brands has also continued to support the NOL through 2009 with sponsorship.

The Crawford Report into funding and administration of sport has still not been released. We now expect to hear something after the release of the federal government budget in May. The OA staffing arrangements have been quite stable in 2009. Dave Meyer has continued as Manager Coaching and Officiating Development and Rob Preston as Manager High Performance. Kay Grzadka retired in June and the Executive Officer position has been very capably filled by John Harding.

There were a few changes to the Board at the 2009 AGM, Andy Hogg and Ben Rattray did not seek renomination, the Director Technical was filled by Robin Uppill and the Director Development still remains unfilled. After the December conference, Robert Spry was appointed by the board to the position of Director Special Projects. Blair Trewin has continued to very adroitly continue as the Director Finance.

In closing, the Board of Orienteering Australia sincerely appreciates the contributions of the hundreds of volunteers who contribute to the sport in so many different ways to make it a success. We thank all of them for their efforts to provide us all with many good runs around the paddock.

Land Embargo In Queensland The following land is embargoed from 30 April 2010 until 30 April 2012.

Talgai State Forest, Brooklands, Dalmoak – the southern paddock, Cherry Gully, Wilmot’s Waterholes.

Eric Andrews JUNE 2010 THE AUSTRALIAN ORIENTEER 39

Kathryn Ewels finishing WOC 2009 Sprint in 5th place Photo: Peter Hobbs

The Australian Orienteer

the national magazine of Orienteering Australia w w w. o r i e n t e e r i n g . a s n . a u / a u s t r a l i a n o r i e n t e e r /