ORO Editions Publishers of Architecture, Art, and Design Gordon Goff: Publisher www.oroeditions.com info@oroeditions.com Published by ORO Editions Copyright © 2022 Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture FOLLOW ONLINE smithgill.com smithgill.blog Facebook @smithgillarch Instagram @asggarch Twitter @smithgillarch WeChat: ASGG_Architecture All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying or microfilming, recording, or otherwise (except that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from the publisher. You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. Cover image ©Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 First Edition ISBN: 978-1-954081-37-6 Color Separations and Printing: ORO Group Ltd. Printed in China. ORO Editions makes a continuous effort to minimize the overall carbon footprint of its publications. As part of this goal, ORO Editions, in association with Global ReLeaf, arranges to plant trees to replace those used in the manufacturing of the paper produced for its books. Global ReLeaf is an international campaign run by American Forests, one of the world’s oldest nonprofit conservation organizations. Global ReLeaf is American Forests’ education and action program that helps individuals, organizations, agencies, and corporations improve the local and global environment by planting and caring for trees.
Table of Contents Philosophy + Vision
5-7
Selected Projects
9-485
Jeddah Tower 11
Steppenwolf Theatre Campus Expansion
251
Central Park Tower
23
Willow Creek Community Church
259
Chengdu Greenland Tower
31
Matrix Gateway Complex
271
Wuhan Greenland Center
41
Wings Museum
279
Shenzhen-Hong Kong International Center
51
Crystal Center
283
South Hexi Yuzui Financial District
59
Dancing Dragons
67
Willis Tower Greening Project + Hotel
287
The Biophilic Tower
77
Waldorf Astoria Beijing
297
1 Dubai
85
Hotel Atlantic
307
1 Park Avenue
97
Sanya Haitang Bay Resort
313
Lakeside Residential Towers
319
Una Residences
327
Burj Vista
333
The Mansion
341
Vancouver Residences
345
Guang Qu Lu No. 15 Project
353
Yixing Dongju Far East Development
359
Imperial Tower
365
Elphinstone + Jupiter Mills
371
Burj Khalifa Gatehouses
379
Solar Canopy/EV Dock
383
Dubai Bridge
387
Golden Cross Sky Ring
393
Chicago Eco-Bridge
399
Astana Expo City 2017
403
World Expo 2020 Dubai
427
Great City Chengdu
435
Park Gate
105
Meraas Tower
1 11
Mile High Prototype
119
Clean Technology Tower
127
FKI Tower
133
Gang Xia Tower
145
Zhongzhou Holdings Financial Center
151
Vantone Center Tianjin
157
160 Front Street
163
Ahlamana
169
Hilal Tower
173
830 Brickell
177
High Tech Park
181
Renaissance District
185
Masdar Headquarters
189
Xiamen Oceanfront Center
197
Incheon International Airport
203
Kellogg School of Management
211
Xixian Great City
449
Kuwait University Master Plan
219
Tianfu New District
455
KAPSARC
227
Mumbai Master Plan
463
The Yard at Chicago Shakespeare Theater
235
Za’abeel Master Plan
469
Chicago Architecture Center
243
Chicago Central Area DeCarbonization Plan
477
Appendix
486-537
Leadership
486
Honors + Media
510
Essays
500
Project Credits
524
3
Philosophy Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture is dedicated to the design of high-performance, energy-efficient, and sustainable architecture on an international scale. The firm approaches each project, regardless of size or scale, with an understanding that architecture has a unique power to influence civic life. We strive to create designs that aid society, advance modern technology, sustain the environment and inspire those around us to improve our world. Our office is dedicated to the creation of new paradigms for sustainable development. We use a holistic, integrated design approach that emphasizes symbiotic relationship with the natural environment—a philosophy we’ve termed “global environmental contextualism.” We also specialize in the design of high-performance supertall towers. This approach, which takes into consideration building orientation, daylighting, generation of wind power, solar absorption and a site’s geothermal properties, represents a fundamental change in the design process, in which form follows performance. It is predicated on the understanding that everything within the built and natural environment is connected, and that a building’s design should stem from an understanding of its role within that context— locally, regionally, and globally. Such a pluralistic approach acknowledges the interaction among building systems as well as between those systems and the natural environment, and seeks to improve each individual system’s performance. By using this principle in the design of buildings, we can create structures that significantly reduce their environmental impact. AS+GG’s practice includes designers with extensive experience in multiple disciplines, including technical architecture, interior design, urban planning and sustainable design. Architects also have expertise in a range of building types, including supertall towers, largescale mixed-use complexes, corporate offices, exhibition facilities, cultural facilities and museums, civic and public spaces, hotels and residential complexes, institutional projects and high-tech laboratory facilities. The firm was founded in 2006 by partners Adrian Smith, Gordon Gill, and Robert Forest. For more information, please visit smithgill.com. AS+GG is currently working on projects in the United States, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and China.
5
Vision We believe that architecture has the unique power to influence our world. As architects, we recognize and respect our role in shaping civic life. We strive to create designs that aid society, advance modern technology, sustain the environment, and inspire those around us to improve our world. We are dedicated to the creation of intelligent, high-performance, forward-thinking designs that exhibit timeless and enduring qualities. We believe that the future of architecture relies not on a changing aesthetic but on an integrated design process that gives equal consideration to each discipline. We support our clients in the realization of their visions while delivering the highest standard of design in the international practice of architecture. We are not limited by known solutions. We utilize our experience and knowledge to move forward and develop new methods and technologies. We foster a challenging and rewarding workspace. We understand that the encouragement and development of each member of our staff will advance the practice of architecture. We seek out collaborations with the world’s leading experts: scientists, artists, sociologists, philosophers, and thinkers. We strive to expand our perspective and generate new discoveries and insights into the world of design. We believe that the future lies in an integrated relationship between nature and technology in order to improve our built environments.
7
Jeddah Tower Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
At over 1,000 meters and a total construction area of 530,000 sm, Jeddah Tower will be the centerpiece and first construction phase of the $20 billion Kingdom City development in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, near the Red Sea.
SERV I C E S
Architecture Interior Design Master Planning C LI ENT
Jeddah Economic Company F U NC T I ON
Mixed-use FAC TS
1000+ m height 530,000 sm area AWA RDS
Middle East AIA, Merit Award, Non-Built Projects, 2014
AS+GG’s design for Jeddah Tower is both highly technological and distinctly organic. With its slender, subtly asymmetrical massing, the tower evokes a bundle of leaves shooting up from the ground—a burst of new life that heralds growth around it. The tower is a symbol of and a catalyst for the increased surrounding development. The tower’s sleek, streamlined form can also be interpreted as a reference to the folded fronds of young desert plants. The way the stalks sprout upward from the ground as a single form, then start separating from each other at the top, is an analogy of new growth fused with technology. While the design is contextual to Saudi Arabia, it also represents an evolution and a refinement of an architectural continuum of skyscraper design. The three-petal footprint is ideal for residential units, and the tapering wings produce an aerodynamic shape that helps reduce structural loading due to wind vortex shedding. Jeddah Tower’s design embraces its architectural pedigree, taking full advantage of the proven design strategies and technological strategies of its lineage, refining and advancing them to achieve new heights. The result is an elegant, cost-efficient and highly constructible design that is at once grounded in built tradition and aggressively forward-looking, taking advantage of new and innovative thinking about technology, building materials, life-cycle considerations, and energy conservation. For example, the project will feature a high-performance exterior wall system that will minimize energy consumption by reducing thermal loads. In addition, each of Jeddah Tower’s three sides features a series of notches that create pockets of shadow that shield areas of the building from the sun and provide outdoor terraces with stunning views of Jeddah and the Red Sea. The great height of Jeddah Tower necessitates one of the world’s most sophisticated elevator systems. The Jeddah Tower complex will contain 59 elevators, including 54 single-deck and five double-deck elevators, along with 12 escalators. Elevators serving the observatory will travel at a rate of 10 meters per second in both directions. Another unique feature of the design is a sky terrace, roughly 30 meters in diameter, at level 157, which when completed will be the highest observatory in the world.
JEDDAH TOWER
13
OPERABLE WINDOWS
DANCING DRAGONS
75
FKI TOWER
141
FKI TOWER
143
RADIATION ANALYSIS
SOUTHWEST VIEW
NORTHEAST VIEW
ANNUAL RADIATION ANALYSIS
ANNUAL RADIATION ANALYSIS
SAWTOOTH 10 DEGREES DEEP
SAWTOOTH 550MM DEEP
160 FRONT STREET
167
SUSTAINABILITY SECTION
OPEN
PHOTOVOLTAIC
S HAD ED
WIND
S HADI N G RO O F
PAN ELS
ROOF GARDEN
CO NE
ELEVATO R
INTEGR AT E D WO R KSTAT I O N
S H A DED
U N D ERGROU N D
HEAD QUARTER
GARDEN
GRO UND LO BBY/
H I G H - PE R FO R M A NC E
G RO U N D S TREET
PED ES TRIAN CON N EC TION
OF F IC E
CO URTYARD
RETAIL SPACE
WA L L
S PAC E
M RT
SYSTEMS SECTION
P V PANEL S
S MO KE E XHAUS T
EXH AU ST/ RETU RN AIR R A I N WAT E R CO L L EC T I O N
P RESSU RIZED STAIRCASE
SO L A R SHA D I N G
SU P P LY AIR
GRAY WATER TYPICAL SE N SI BL E CO O L I N G AT PERIMETER WA L L
TY P ICAL DAY L IGH TING
TY P ICAL L IGH TING SYSTEM TY P ICAL AIR COOL ING SYSTEM
AIR CO N D I T I O N I N G UN I T
B L ACK WATER NATURALLY VENTILATED COURTYARD
K ITCH EN WASTE TO CENTRAL SITE B L ACK WATER SYSTEM
R A I N WAT E R
P OWER TO GRID GRAY WATER COOL ED/ DEH U M IDIFIED FRESH AIR SU P P LY
E XC E SS G R AY WAT E R STO R AG E
GEOTHE R MA L HE AT R E J ECTIO N
COOL ING COIL DISTRICT SOL AR COOL ING P L AN
RETAI L OF F I C E OF F I C E C I RC UL AT I O N OF F I C E CO R E RES I DEN T I A L RES I DEN T I A L CO R E RES I DEN T I A L C I RC UL AT I O N P U B LI C CI RC UL AT I O N MEP
MASDAR HEADQUARTERS
195
Waldorf Astoria Beijing, China
The new Waldorf Astoria in Beijing is a contemporary interpretation of the Forbidden City, China’s most important historical treasure. The luxury hotel is located in the heart of downtown Beijing, next to Wang Fu Jing, the famous high-end walking shopping district, two blocks west of the Forbidden City. SERV I C E S
Architecture C LI ENT
COFCO Limited F U NC T I ON
Hospitality FAC TS
36,397 sm building area AWA RDS
AIA Chicago, Divine Detail Award, Bronze Facade, 2017 Civic Trust Awards, International Winner, 2015 AIA Chicago, Distinguished Building Award, Citation of Merit, 2015 The Chicago Athenaeum, American Architecture Award, Waldorf Astoria Beijing, 2015 HD Awards, Winner, Hotel Luxury | Upscale, Waldorf Astoria Beijing, 2015
Stylistically the influence is seen in the hotel’s symmetry, prominent eaves, and generous use of bronze. The attention to detail is crucial to the design. Vertical frames and roof eaves are shaped, detailed, and strongly connected at the corners to reiterate the profile of traditional Chinese roof soffit silhouettes. The intention is to subtly evoke Chinese architecture through the use of materials with a strong sense of richness. The exterior is featured with bronze—a royal material that expresses the luxury, dignity, and legend of the Waldorf brand, and reflects the character of the site location. The superframe, connecting the roof and anchoring building corners, recalls the symmetry and steady character of Chinese traditional architecture. Bronze is used in large areas of the walls, as well as on window mullions, small clad sunshades, and perforated screens on the exterior wall. Other high-end, traditional materials are used to the same effect such as the local gray granite used as an additional exterior wall material, recalling the historic charcoal bricks of Beijing’s traditional residential streets. Luxury is evident in the orientation of the facade. The bay windows are floor-to-ceiling, allowing guests to enjoy superior city views from each guest room. The windows also create a unique viewing room area with screens for guests to enjoy a special living experience in Beijing. The orientation of the facade is equally important to the comfort of the building users and the environmental sensibility of the project. The shading frame system created for each room provides the character of the hotel but it also protects the building and minimizes the solar heat gain from all directions. The design team worked closely with the client, COFCO, to re-shape the building massing while advancing the program and re-establishing the building structure and its interior layout grid. The end result is a beautifully done building that is contextual to the city, environmentally efficient, and true to the Waldorf Astoria brand.
WALDORF ASTORIA BEIJING
299
55
4 4
33
33
44
33
11
11
33
SECTION
1 1
1 1
6 6
2
1
Exhibit Space
2
Special Exhibit
3
Balcony
4
Atrium
5
Wind Scoop Turbine
6
Covered Street
0m
5m
10m
15m
BUILDING SECTION 0m
5m
10m
20m
ASTANA EXPO CITY 2017
409
1
3
2
LEVEL 1
1
Entry
2
Exhibit Space
3
Elevator Lobby
MID LEVELS
1
Exhibit Space
2
Special Exhibit
3
Balcony
4
Atrium
4
3
2 1 4
3
4
ASTANA EXPO CITY 2017
411
CONGRESS CENTER
ASTANA EXPO CITY 2017
421
WAS TE
In addition to buildings, the plan analyzes seven further areas of carbon production and reduction relevant to the urban condition using a parametric model as an analysis tool.
CUR R EN T EM IS S IO N S 3.90 MMTCo2E
BUILDINGS
URBAN MATRIX
MO BILITY
3.80 (-0.80)
URBAN MATRIX
BU I L DI N G S
2.56 (-0.54) 2.41 (-0.15) 2.31 (-0.10) 2.30 (-0.01)
CO M M U N I T Y E N G AG E M E N T
INFRASTRUCTURE
WATER
WASTE
M OB ILITY
2.22 (-0.08) 2.13 (-0.09 )
S M A RT I N FR A S T R U C T UR E
.780 (-1.35 )
80% E N E RGY
G OA L I N 2 02 0
WATER
ENGAGEMENT
ENERGY
PARAMETRIC S
PARAMETRIC MO DEL
. 00
M M TCo 2 E G OA L I N 2 030
CHICAGO DECARBONIZATION PLAN
479
The Data Model is a tool that AS+GG developed to be able to visualize building energy consumption and emissions at a citywide scale. It was developed with the intention of monitoring and communicating all aspects of city buildings that relate to their carbon impact, current and future. This serves a number of purposes: a method of analysis to inform energy oriented planning decisions including cost data, an advertising platform for companies making efficiency upgrades to their buildings, an educational tool, and a forum to raise awareness about the carbon impact of the built environment and the effectiveness and cost of strategies in place to improve this. The current occupancy breakdown in the study area is approximately 90 percent commercial and 10 percent residential. This amount of residential area, in addition to the amenities necessary to support that population, such as schools and grocers, falls short of the area that would be needed for even half of the daytime work population. If the occupancy ratio in the Loop intensified to 50/50 commercial/residential the mix would result in one of the world’s most efficient and sustainable live-work communities, creating a new paradigm for cities across the globe.
10%
25%
40%
50%
3 2-
in
m
lk wa
SC H O O L S + DAYC ARE C EN TERS
A MENITIES + SERVICES
URBAN GREEN SPACE
DA L E Y E N V I RON M EN TAL SC HOOL
I NTER-MO DAL GREENAX IS
CHICAGO ECO -BRIDGE
The increase in residential real estate in downtown Chicago would lower the area’s overall carbon footprint by creating a dense, mixed-use community. Adding significant residential space increases the area’s need for amenities that the Loop currently lacks to support residential life: K-12 schools, daycare systems, and grocery stores. The creation of a vibrant urban community relies on the quality of amenities, and the incorporation of these important amenities is a critical step in the Loop’s transformation into Chicago’s next premier neighborhood for families.
CHICAGO DECARBONIZATION PLAN
481
ogilvie station
clinton
monroe
intermodal station
grant park
adams
union station
quincy
michigan
wasbash
state
dearborn
clark
la salle
wells
At grade, Monroe is narrowed to two lanes to allow for a more pedestrian- and bike-friendly experience. The Monroe Street corridor has the potential to be a convenient link for transit and pedestrians, and for retail to thrive. Its central location in the Loop makes it a hub for commuters.
franklin
A multi-level East-West Intermodal Axis is created along Monroe Street for a below-grade electric bus route to transport commuters across the Loop. This link also connects to the upgraded underground pedway system with improved retail and amenities.
wacker
canal
clinton
In response to the analysis of the existing transportation options and proposed items in the Chicago Central Area Plan, a series of design strategies evolved as a means to integrate them into a coherent, functional and thriving urban system.