The Japanese Market for Cleantech. Opportunities and Challenges for Swiss Companies. May 2012 osec.ch
The Japanese Market for Cleantech. Title.
The Japanese Market for Cleantech Opportunities and Challenges for Swiss Companies
Language.
English
Number of pages.
165 pages
Content.
The massive earthquake of March 11, 2011 clearly pushed sustainability and renewable energy to the top of the agenda in Japan and therefore provide viable market potential for Swiss companies. The most attractive renewable energy sources in Japan are solar, wind, geothermal and biomass. However, aside from waste biomass power generation, most other developed countries are way ahead of Japan in these areas. Due to the Fukushima accident Japanese people have also become more sensitive to energy savings and to the subject of renewable energy. They now tend to prefer homes that consume less energy. However, the Japanese public is not yet attuned to the terms of ―sustainability‖ and ―eco‖ as much as in other developed countries. Still, the will to push for sustainability and eco standards similar to those of Europe is expected to accelerate. Given the CO2 reduction target of 25% (relative to 1990) for 2020, the government will have no choice but to enforce much tougher building standards and to make them mandatory for residential buildings as both the construction industry and buildings in general are responsible for a considerable amount of CO2 emissions. While not being able to comprehensively cover all areas within the Cleantech sector, this study provides a sound overview. A number of sectors and sub-segments were identified and opportunities for Swiss companies are outlined.
Author.
Takashi Kikuchi & Tom Kaeslin; Sodalitas K.K., Japan
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1
Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................6
2
Objectives of this Study ..........................................................................................................10 2.1 Main Objective ...................................................................................................................10 2.2 Assessment Tool - Opportunities for Swiss Companies (Attractiveness & Feasibility Analysis) ............................................................................11
3
Cleantech ..................................................................................................................................16 3.1 Definition of “Cleantech” ..................................................................................................16 3.2 The Organization “Cleantech Switzerland” ....................................................................17
4
Swiss Strengths by Market .....................................................................................................18 4.1 Energy Production ............................................................................................................18 4.1.1 Photovoltaic ...................................................................................................................18 4.1.2 Technologies to Harness Solar Power ..........................................................................18 4.1.3 Fermentation Technology – Biogas from Organic Waste .............................................19 4.1.4 Heat Pumps...................................................................................................................19 4.1.5 Wind Power ...................................................................................................................19 4.1.6 Biomass Energy ............................................................................................................19 4.2 Energy Efficiency ..............................................................................................................20 4.2.1 Energy Efficient Building Standards ..............................................................................20 4.2.2 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) ..............................................................20 4.2.3 Building Shell Technologies and Insulation ..................................................................21 4.2.4 Smart Grid .....................................................................................................................21 4.3 Recycling and Waste Treatment ......................................................................................22 4.3.1 Electronic Waste Recycling ...........................................................................................22 4.3.2 Thermal Waste Treatment ............................................................................................22 4.4 Planning & Consulting Services ......................................................................................23 4.4.1 Waste Treatment – Planning & Consulting ...................................................................23 4.4.2 Environmental Audit and Management .........................................................................23 4.5 Transport and Traffic ........................................................................................................24 4.5.1 CO2 Compensation Schemes for Air Travel .................................................................24 4.5.2 Electrical Bicycles ..........................................................................................................24
5
General Political, Economic, and Societal Cleantech Trends in Japan .............................25 5.1 The terms “Eco” and “Sustainability” in Japan .............................................................25 5.2 The Fukushima Disaster ...................................................................................................28 5.3 Post-Fukushima Future Energy Policy ...........................................................................28 5.4 Challenges in the Japanese Market Place ......................................................................29
6
Attractiveness and Feasibility of each Market Sub-sector for Swiss Companies ............31 6.1 Energy Production ............................................................................................................31 6.1.1 Photovoltaic (PV) ...........................................................................................................31 6.1.1.1 Photovoltaic Production Equipment.........................................................................37 6.1.2 Technologies to Harness Solar Power ..........................................................................51 6.1.2.1 Solar Water Heater ..................................................................................................51 6.1.3 Fermentation Technology .............................................................................................55 6.1.3.1 Bio Gas ....................................................................................................................55 6.1.4 Heat Pumps...................................................................................................................59 6.1.4.1 Geothermal Heat Pump ...........................................................................................64 6.1.5 Wind Power ...................................................................................................................69 6.1.6 Biomass Boiler ..............................................................................................................72
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6.2 Energy Efficiency in the Building Industry .....................................................................78 6.2.1 Energy Efficient Building Standards ..............................................................................81 6.2.2 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) ..............................................................83 6.2.2.1 Ventilation ................................................................................................................83 6.2.2.2 Air Conditioning .......................................................................................................86 6.2.3 Building Shell Technologies and Insulation ..................................................................93 6.2.3.1 Wooden Homes .......................................................................................................98 6.2.3.2 Insulation Materials ................................................................................................103 6.2.3.3 Windows & Doors ..................................................................................................115 6.2.4 Smart Grid ...................................................................................................................124 6.3 Recycling and Waste Treatment ....................................................................................129 6.3.1 Electronic Waste Recycling Plant ...............................................................................129 6.3.2 Thermal Waste Treatment Equipment (plant) .............................................................134 6.4 Planning & Consulting Services ....................................................................................144 6.4.1 Waste Treatment - Planning & Consulting ..................................................................144 6.4.2 Environmental Audit and Management .......................................................................144 6.5 Transport & Traffic ..........................................................................................................145 6.5.1 CO2 Carbon Offsetting Compensation Schemes .......................................................145 6.5.2 Electrical Bicycles ........................................................................................................149 7
Introduction to Japan ............................................................................................................155
8
Government Agencies ..........................................................................................................157
9
Index of Graphs .....................................................................................................................158
10
Index of Tables ......................................................................................................................161
11
Sources by Chapters ............................................................................................................162
12
Exchange Rates used in this Report ...................................................................................164
13
The Authors ...........................................................................................................................165
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