Chapter 1 Review

Revision questions

Multiple choice

1 Select the most appropriate methodology to investigate the research question: ‘Is there evidence from scientific investigations that suggests genetically modified food causes harm to living organisms?’

1Review

Chapter summary

1.1 • Biology is a life science, investigating the interactions of living things with living

A Modelling B Controlled experiment C Literature review D Simulation and non-living factors in their environment. • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples have different methods for taking care of the land and producing medicine. • When communicating in science, it is vital to use concise language that is suitable for the specific audience. • When developing a research question you first must decide on the methodology because this can determine the style of the question. • Maintaining a logbook is an essential requirement for scientific investigations. • Key science skills are used in student investigations. • Qualitative data is non-numerical data, whereas quantitative data is numerical data. • Graphs are used to show relationships between variables. • Precision, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility and validity are concepts that must be used to evaluate the data and the methodology of an investigation. • Systematic errors are consistent and repeatable, and reduce the accuracy of the data. Random errors are unpredictable and uncertain, and reduce the precision of the data. • Outliers should not be dismissed, but evaluated, investigated and accounted for. • Ethical approaches include consequences-based, duty- and/or rule-based, and virtues-based. • Ethical concepts include integrity, justice, beneficence, non-maleficence and respect. • There are ten assessment task types for Outcomes 1 and 2 of Units 1 and 2. • Unit 1, Outcome 3 is a scientific investigation and Unit 2, Outcome 3 is an analysis of a bioethical issue. • Examinations are another form of assessment for Units 1 and 2, assessing key knowledge as well as the key science skills. • Preparing for an exam requires organisation and effective revision strategies. 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 DRAFT ONLY - NOT FOR SALE

2 A graph is produced to show the relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and temperature. Identify which of the following graphs shows that as the temperature increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases until it reaches a certain point and then starts to decrease.

A B D

3 An investigation was conducted to test the effect of fertiliser on plant growth.

The hypothesis stated that if the amount of fertiliser given to a plant is increased, then stem height will increase. Identify the independent variable. A Change in stem height over the course of the investigation B Different amounts of fertiliser C Number of surviving plants D Amount of water given to each plant

Short answer Describe and explain

4 Explain the importance of generating risk assessments before undertaking practical investigations. 5 Define ‘accuracy’.

Apply, analyse and compare

6 Analyse the significance of the knowledge and skills of Aboriginal and Torres Strait

Islander Peoples to VCE Biology.

7 Compare primary and secondary data by drawing a line down the middle of the answer space and writing the key information about primary data on one side and about secondary data on the other side. Design and discuss 8 Brett undertook an experiment to investigate the effect of caffeine on the germination of mung beans. He set up three dishes, each containing six seeds on cotton wool that had been soaked in a different solution of caffeine in water: 0%, 5% or 15%. Each day, 15 mL of the particular diluted caffeine solution was added to the seeds in the dishes. The numbers of germinated seeds were recorded each day for 3 weeks or until all the seeds had germinated. a Identify the aim of the investigation. b Write a hypothesis. c Identify three controlled variables in this experiment. Justify why each of these variables needs to be controlled. d Explain what it is meant by a ‘controlled’ experiment. d There was only one trial at each concentration. Explain why the precision of this investigation cannot be analysed. e Design a different experiment to investigate whether temperature affects seed germination. Make sure you include the variables (independent, dependent and controlled), a control group and expected results. You can use the flow chart in Figure 1 of Topic 1.7. Check your Teacher obook pro for these resources and more: Check your Student obook pro for these digital resources and more: C DRAFT ONLY - NOT FOR SALE

Compete in teams to test your knowledge. Chapter quiz Check your understanding of this chapter. Launch a quiz for your students on key concepts in this chapter.