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bmomw7m;avm/ c7pfawmfavm/ rnfokdhaom=cm;em;r_7Sdo=zif• > =cm;em;csuf £yvkyfavmufyg7J]vm;? odkhr[kwfygu ,if; tcsufonf pum;vHk;r#omavm? 85› aom tar7duef =ynfol =ynfom;wdkhonf bmomt,l0g'Y ouf0if,Hkjunfajumif; avhvm csuf p pf w rf ; u tm;7auseyf z G , f a umif ; ygovm;? ocif a ,&_ avmuY touf7Sipf Ofu bmomw7m;udk xde;f odr;f apmifa> 7Smufju onf> bmoma7;0g'Drsm;.rkef;wD;=cif;udk cHcJ>7onf[laom trSef w7m;atmufY bmoma7;tm; =yefvnfqef;ppf7ef roif>oavm? c7pf a wmf u d k ,H k j unf = cif ; ES i f > bmomw7m;wd k h t jum; ta=ccHusaom uGJ=ym;=cm;em;r_7dSonf[k ,Hkjunfod=rifcsuf=zif> Tpmtkyfi,fuav;tm; a7;om;vdkuf=cif;=zpf.? c7pfawmfbk7m; Ta=ray:Y ouf7SifcJ>pOfu zm7d7SJwdkh.tajumif;udk av>vm=cif;=zif> c7pfawmfudk ,Hkjunf=cif;ESif> bmomw7m;tjum; uGm=cm;csufudk omru rdrt d ajumif;udk twGi;f ususod=rifvmjurnf=zpfawm>onf? Martin R. De Haan II
rmwdum bmomw7m;junfnKd ukid ;f &_id ;f olt=zpftouf7Si=f cif;.ab;tEW7m,f-2 trSew f u,fuGJ=ym;=cm;em;r_um; tb,fokhed nf; -------------- 4 c7pfawmf.tcsdeu f mvu bmomw7m;onf rnfuJo > kdhaomtoGio f ömef aqmifcJo > enf; ----------------@ c7pfawmfonf tb,fajumif> bmomw7m;udk a=cmufvSehaf omol=zpfc7J> oenf; ----------------------- 10 zm7d7SJwkh. d rSm;,Gi;f aomxif=rif,lqcsufrsm;um; tb,fokhed nf; -- 13 bmomw7m;t,lonf;olt=zpfrS a=ymif;vJvmolxHrS oifcef;pmrsm; --------------------- 36 c7pfawmfukd rsufarSmuf£y=cif;onf tb,fajumif> t"dy`g,f7Sd7ygoenf; -------------------- 40 uGJ=ym;=cm;em;r_rsm;udk av>vm=cif; ---------------------- 42 u|Ekyf w f khd.bmomw7m;udk qef;ppf=cif; ------------------ 43 a0g[m7rsm;. t"dy`g,f ---------------------------- 44 Managing Editor: David Sper Copyright 1991, 1995 RBC Ministries, Grand Rapid, Michigan
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Cover Photo: Jeff Bexter
bmomw7m; junfnKd ukdi;f &_id ;f olt=zpf touf7Sif=cif;.ab;tEW7m,f
tpueOD;uyif bmomw7m;[lonf tEW7m,f}uD;vS onf? *syef E d k i f i H r S bmoma7;t,l o nf ; ol Aum Shinrikyo onf "gwfaiG]v$wfum vlaygif;rsm;pGmudk aoajuapcJ>onf>tr_rwdkifrD uyif olh,Hkjunf=cif;udk pGJukdijf uol vltaygif;wdkhonf bk7m;ocif. emrY tcsif;csif; wpfOD;udkwpfOD; owf=zwfcJ>juonf? Waco ESif> Jonestown a'orS rif;tm%mudktmcH+yD; Oya'udk rav;pm;ol bmoma7; tpGe;f a7mufolwkdhESi>f tm%mydkiw f kdh.ppfyGJajumif> tcsK]d wdkh aoajuysufp;D +yD; tcsK]d wdkh toufab;rS vGwaf =rmufjuonf? bmoma7; vdkufpm;=cif;.tEW7m,fudk urBmOD; rdbESpfOD; tm;=zif> xif7Sm;pGmawG]=rifEdkifygonf? bk7m;uJ>odkh=zpftH>tvdkhiSg vkyfaqmifrdonf>tr_tm;=zif> r[mtrSm;}uD;udk tm'HESif> {0wdkh £yrdcJ> onf? xdktrSm;um; bk7m;udk r,Hkjunf=cif;r[kwfyg? ,Hkjunfr_ vGJrSm;=cif; =zpfonf?
“tqdk;7Gm;qHk;aomtrSm;rsm;onf bmomw7m;ESip>f yfqikd af om trSm;rsm;om=zpfonf?” ol w d k h . om;OD ; umÃeonf v nf ; bk 7 m;7S i f u d k ol h e nf ; olh[ef=zif> udk;pm;7ef }uHpnftm;xkwfcJ>onf? bk7m;u umÃe. taoG;rJ>ylaZmfouUmudk =iif;y,fcJ>+yD; nDi,ftmaAv. ,Zfaumif odk;oli,fukd cH,lco J> nf? a'gorD;awmufavmifvsuf remvdkr&_prd Ef> kid f =zpf7vGef;um nDi,fudk owfrdonftxd olhtoufwm ysuf,Gif;cJ> onf? Ãoa7vvlwdkhonfvnf; rdrdenf; rdrd[ef=zif> bk7m;udk tapcH7ef udk;pm;7ef tm;xkwcf J=> cif;ajumif> tcuf}uHKcJ7> onf? uwd xm;awmfrlaom=ynfodkh 0ifa7mufumeD;wGif *sL;a,mufsm;tcsKd] wdkhonf armbrdef;rwdkh zdwfjum;aom wpfyg;bk7m; ,ZfylaZmfyGJY yg0ifcJ>=cif;ajumif> em7Dydkif;twGif;wGif *sL;wdkh axmifESif>csDI aoab; oif>cJ>onf (awm 25)? Ãoa7vvlwkdh. yxrqHk;aombk7if a7Smvkrif;onf vnf; xl;r=cm;em;yif? rD;&_]d 7m,ZfylaZmf7ef ,Zfya7m[dw7f SarGv tcsderf D 4
ra7mufvmI a7Smvkrif;u rdrdzmom,ZfylaZmf7rnf[k ,lqvdkuf onf? olht,ltqrSm;,Gi;f cJo > nf (1 7m 13;8-14/ tcef;}uD; 15)? bmomw7m;ES i f > q d k i f o nf > trS m ;£yrd = cif ; ajumif > Ed k i f i H a wmf u d k vufvGwfqHk;&_H;cJ>7onf? 'g0d'fonfyifv#if bmomw7m; udkif;&_dif;r_ajumif> tjuyf twnf; }uHKcJ>7onf? Ãoa7vrif;t=zpf twnf£y bdodufcH,l+yD; aemuf xm07bk7m;.ynwfawmf 10 yg; yg7dSonf> yÇdnmOfaowWm awmfudk a,&k7Svifodkhyif>aqmif7m olonf pdwftm;xufoefpGm=zif> Ãoa7vvltaygif;wdkhtm; yg0ifapvsuf pnf;&Hk;OD;aqmifcJ>onf? odkhaomf aowWmawmf o,faqmifaomvSn;f rS EGm;wpfaumif a=cacsmf I vSn;f apmif;oGm;7m aowWmawmf£ywfrusatmif joZtrnf7Sdaom ,Zfya7m[dwfu vufESif> yif>axmufcJ>onf? joZtm; bk7m; 7Sifu ao=ypfpD7ifcJ>I 'g0d'frif;onf a'goESif> ajumuf7GH]pdwfwdkh =zpfay:cJ> onf? em;rvnfEdkif=zpfcJ>onf? odkhaomf bk7m;.ynwfawmfudk =yefvnfzwf&_+yD;aemufwGif olonf rSefuefaomt7mudk rSm;,Gif; aom enf;vrf;=zif> vkyaf qmifcrJ> =d cif;=zpfajumif; oabmaygufcaJ> wm> onf (5 7m 13/ 15;12-15)?
“rdred nf; rdr[ d ef=zif> bk7m;udk udk;pm;olwkdhaemufokdh tEW7m,f vdkuyf gvm.?” u|Ekyf w f kdh ,Hkjunfon>t f 7m/ bk7m;tay:tapcH=cif;/ udk;uG,f =cif;ESif>pyfvsOf;I bk7m;7Sifonf tb,fajumif> a7;}uD;cGifus,f tav;xm;7ygoenf;? olhtm; eH0dnmOfESif>vnf;aumif;/ opPmESif> vnf;aumif; (a,m 4;23-24)/ udk;uG,frnf>oludk ocif7SmazGaeyg onf? trSww f rJx > Hk;pHt7 udk;uG,0f wf£yolrsm;udk tvdkr7dS+yD? arwWm awmfESi>f aus;Zl;awmfwnf;[laom orRmw7m;udkcH,lvsuf ESvHk;om; =zif> wHkh=yefukd;uG,v f mr_ukdom bk7m;=rwfcH,lvkday.? &_ w f a xG ; oa,mif xif 7 aomf v nf ; 7S i f ; 7S i f ; av;yg? om;awmfukd odu|rf;+yD; cspf=rwfEk;d 7ef bk7m;7Sif trSet f vdk7Sad y.? +yD;rS aumif;=rwfonf> bmomw7m;u tvdkvdk vdkufygvmrnfom=zpf. (,m 1;26-2@)? 5
trSew f u,fujJG ym;jcm;em;rIum; tb,foeYkd nf;/ bmomw7m;ESi>f c7pfawmfukd,Hkjunf=cif;onf wpfckESi>f wpfck t=yeftvSef qufpyfr7_ aSd omfvnf; uG=J ym;=cm;em;vSayonf? "rRopfusr;f wpfapmifukd a7;om;onf> c7pfawmfEiS >f nDtpfuakd wmf ol 7Si, f mukyu f “crnf;awmfbk7m;ocifa7S]Y pifju,foefh7Si;f aom oDv (bmomw7m;)[lrlum; rdbr7dSaomoli,fwdkhESif> hk nf qif;7Jc7H aomtcg olwu hkd jkd unf&> £_ ypk=cif;/ ud, k w f ikd f rkq;kd rwdo vnf; avmuDtnpftaju;ESi>f uif;pifta>H omiSg apmifa> 7Smuf=cif; aywnf;” (,mukyf 1;2@) [k a7;om;cJo > nf? bmomw7m;onf a=rmuf=rm;pGmaom aumif;usK;d wdkhukd ay;Edkiaf omfvnf; c7pfawmf . ae7mwGif tpm;xdk;7efrSmrl r=zpfEkid af y? bmomw7m;qdo k nfrmS ,HkjunfI vdkuaf v#mufvkyaf qmifaom t7m=zpfonf? • bmoma7;qdki7f m 0wf£y=cif;rsm;okhd wufa7muf=cif; • omoemausmif;rsm;odkh om;orD;rsm;tm; wufa7mufap=cif; • aus;Zl;£yonft > r_rsm;udk vkyaf qmifazmf=y=cif; • raumif;aomtr_rsm;udk a7SmifjuOf=cif;
bmoma&;qdkonfrSm ,HkMunfí vkdufavQmuf vkyfaqmif&aomt&mjzpfonf/ • bk7m;ocifukd ,Hkjunf=cif; • bmoma7;qdki7f m toif;0ift=zpf yg0if=cif; • AwWZd HcH,l=cif; • yGJawmfr*Fvm0wf cH,l=cif; • ta=ccH,Hkjunfcsufjo0g'rsm;udk av>vmoif,l=cif; • orRmusrf;pmzwf=cif; 6
• qkawmif;=cif; • bmoma7;qdki7f m aehxl;aeh=rwfrsm;wGif yGJusif;y=cif; • bmoma7;qdki7f m oifwef;rsm;wGif oifjum;ydkhcs=cif; • qif;7JEGr;f yg;olrsm;udk rpuln=D cif; • oHpHkoq D k=d cif; • bk7m;0wfYarG]avsmfolt=zpf todtrSw£f ycH7=cif;
c7pfawmfqko d nfrSm odu|rf;I,Hkjunfuk;d pm;7myk*Kd~ v=f zpfonf? • teD;tem;Y7dSol • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; rpuln7D ef tcGit >f m%m7dSol • u|Ekyf w f kdh.t=ypfrsm;udk v$wyf kdio f l • u|Ekyf w f khdtm; a=zmifr> wfolt=zpf rSw, f lajunmol • u|Ekyf w f kht d m; bk7m;ociftzdkhtvdkhiSm cGJcefhrSwo f m;ol • bk7m;ociftm; u|Ekyf w f khq d o D khd ydkhaqmifay;ol • u|Ekyf w f kht d m; bk7m;ocifqo D khyd khad qmifay;ol • u|Ekyf w f khdtm; bk7m;ocif. t}uHtpnftwGi;f yg0ifapol
c&pfawmfqdkonfrSm odí,HkMunfudk;pm;&m yk*¾dKvfjzpfonf • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; xde;f ajumif;vrf;=yol • u|Ekyf w f khdtm; oGeo f ifol • u|Ekyf w f khd vdkuaf v#muf7m oufaoyHkpHaumif; • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; wpfukd,w f nf; rcsefxm;ol • u|Ekyf w f kdh ,Hkjunftm;udk;7m • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; uG,u f mol • u|Ekyf w f khdtwGuf jum;0ifawmif;av#muf toem;cHol • u|Ekyf w f kdh vdkaomt7mudk rp=znfq > nf;ay;ol • u|Ekyf w f kh. d emusif=cif;a0'emrsm;udk r#a0cHpm;ol • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; 0rf;a=rmuf=cif;udk ay;ydkio f l 7
f kdhtm; 7ef+idr;f =cif;udk ay;ydkio f l • u|Ekyf w • u|Ekyf w f khdtm; cspf=cif;arwWmudk ay;ydkio f l • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; ar#mfvif=> cif;udk ay;ydkio f l • u|Ekyf w f kht d m; ol.cspf=cif;arwWmudk xif7Sm;pGmazmf=yol • u|Ekyf w f khdtwGuf taocHaomol • u|Ekyf w f khdtwGuf ao=cif;rS 7Si=f yefxa=rmufapol • ol.toufwmudk u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; qufI7Sio f ef=yol • u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; tdraf wmfohkd a7mufonfw > ikd af tmif ydahk qmifay;ol • u|Ekyf w f kht d m; aumif;uifbHkESip>f yfqkid I f tmrcHcsufay;ol
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c&pfawmf\tcsdefumvu bmomw&m;onf rnfuo hJ aYkd om toGio f P²mefukd aqmifoenf;/ ocifa,&_onf bmomw7m;ESiq >f ikd af om tEW7m,frsm; udk odonf? a,&k7Svif+rdK]Y ocifonf bmomw7m;udk tvGef udki;f &_id ;f oltcsK]d wdkh. rke;f wD;=cif;udk cHcJ7> onf? ocifa,&_onf t=ypfom;rsm;/ vlt h odik ;f t0dik ;f rS ypfy,fcaH e7olrsm;wd. hk ESpo f uf pGv J ef;r_uckd aH e7csed w f iG f xdak cwfu bmoma7;wGif tvGef pdwt f m; xufoefolrsm;=zpfjuonf> zm7d7SJ/ usrf;£yq7m/ Z'NKuJESi>f ,Zf ya7m[dww f kho d nf ol.cg;oD;aom 7efolrsm;=zpfcjJ> u.? zm7d7SJrsm;? ? orRmusrf;pmtm; wpf,loefpGJukdiI f E_ww f kduf vufqif>urf;vmcJ>juonf> tpOftvm=zif> bk7m;ocif. ynwfawmfrsm;udk vlwdkh.aehpOftoufwmwGif vdkufem usifo > Hk;ap+yD; xdkokdhaomtm;=zif> Ãoa7vvlwkdhtm; wpfyg; trsK;d om;wdkh.t7dyjf oZmrS }udK;pm;umuG,7f ef zGJ]pnf;xm; aom ,k'vlrsdK;wdkh. bmoma7;tzGJ]tpnf;wpfck=zpfonf? usr;f £yq7mrsm;? ? xdo k w l o hkd nf orRmusr;f pmtwGi;f 7dS ynwf awmfrsm;ESif>pyfqdkifI txl;u|rf;usifolrsm;=zpfjuonf? xdkolwkdhtm; ynwfOya'ynm7Sirf sm;[kvnf; ac:qdkjuay onf? E_wu f ywfawmftm; rSeu f efpmG t"dym` ,f zGiq >f Ekd ikd =f cif;iSm xdkolwkhd tay: zm7d7SJwkhd tpOfrcSD kad e7onf? Z'NKurJ sm;? ? txufwef;v$m ,k'bmoma7;tzG]J tpnf;wpfck =zpfonf? zm7d7w SJ . hkd E_ww f u kd t f m*Hak qmif oifjum;=cif;"av> tpOftvmudk qefhusifjuolrsm;=zpfjuonf? orRmusrf;pm t"dy`m,f zGiq >f k=d cif;udk wif;juyfaom pnf;rsOf;rsm;ESi>f pGJpGJ+rJ+rJ vkyfaqmifwwfju+yD; arma7S.ynwfawmfrsm;udk cdkif+rJpGm qkyu f ikd x f m;juonf? ,Zfya7m[dwrf sm;? ? tm&ke. f trsK;d tEG,rf S qif;oufvmol rsm;=zpf+yD; a,&k7SvifAdrmefawmfwGif bk7m;0wf£y=cif;udk 9
OD;aqmif7onf>wm0eftm; tarGcHcJ>ju7onf? Z'NKuJwdkhESif> tpOfaygif;azmf wwfjuonf? ocifa,&_onf Tbmoma7;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk a=r—mufyif> a=ymqdk=cif;r£ycJa> y? olhtay: xif=rif,lqcsuf rSm;,Gi;f aeonf> bk7m;0wfYarG]avsmfaomolrsm;[k b,faomtcgrS r,lqcJa> y? xdkolwdkhonf crnf;awmfudkodv#if rdrdudkvnf; odjurnf[k rdehfawmfrlcJ. > ? ocifa,&_onf xdkolwkdh.rsufESmudk ap>ap>junf> vsuf “v#Kd ]0SuI f olawmfaumif;a,mifaqmiforl sm;/ vluef;wdu hk kd vrf;=yaomvluef;rsm;”[k ac:cJa> yonf? ocifa,&_.7efolrsm;rSm bk7m;rJ0> g'Drsm;/ avmuDtawG; tac: ynm7Sirf sm;/ vlhtodki;f t0dki;f twGi;f Y 'kp&dkuv f Geu f sL;ae f kdh olrsm; =zpfrnf[k u|Ekyf w f kdh ,lqxif=rifro d nf? odkhaomf u|Ekyf w xifouJo > khrd [kwyf g? vrf;ay:rSvlrsm;u olhtm;ESpo f ufpGJvef;cJ> juonf? ol.rdwaf qGrsm;wGif t=ypfom;rsm;vnf; yg0ifonf? ,k'=ynfut kd yk cf sKy7f aom &kyw f q k if;wku;kd uG,o f nf> a7mrbk7ifcH ydvwfrif;yifv#if xdkolrsm;xuf ocifa,&_tm; ydkIudk,cf sif;pm pdw7f SdcJ+> yD; pD7if=cif;cH7tHa> omiSm/ taxmuftxm; cdkiv f Hkr_r7dS[k xif=rifco J> nf? odkh7mwGif a,&k7Svif+rdK]rS bmomw7m; junfnKd udki;f &d_i;f juaom Z'NKuJ/ zm7d7SJwhko d nf ocifa,&_ukd toa7zsuf 7ef tpOf}udK;pm;cJj> uonf? ocifa,&_onf olwt hkd wGuf rnfonf> tusK;d udrk # ray;? ocifa,&_r7dv S #if urBmavmu}uD;onf omI aumif;rGeaf omae7m=zpfvrd r>f nf[k xdkolwkhd xifrSwcf jJ> u.?
zm7d7SJwkdhtm; eufeJpGm oHk;oyf=cif;
xdkolwdkhonf aumif;=rwf=cif;r7dSaom/ qdk;npfaomol rsm;r[kwjf uay? ,k'vlrsK;d wdkhtjum;wGif bk7m;0wfYarG]avsmf aomolrsm;/ 0dnmOfa7;Y qufuyfolrsm;t=zpf av;pm;junfnKd =cif; cH7olrsm;=zpfjuonf? xdkolwkho d nf bk7m;7do S nf[k ,Hjk unforl sm;? ? Ãoa7vvlrsK;d wd. hk bk7m; ocifukd ,Hjk unfjuaomajumif> bk7m;ocifuo kd m t"duA[dk £yaom toufwmESip>f yfqikd I f axmufcaH [ma=ymoGeo f ifju ayonf? 10
cGJxGuo f lrsm;? ? Ãoa7vvlwkdhtm; wpfyg;trsK;d om;wdkh. v$r;f rdk;0g;rsKd odr;f oGi;f =cif;cH7rnfa> b;rS umuG,7f ef qEN£y qH;k =zwfxm;olrsm;=zpfonf? orRmusrf;pmudk tÕuif;rJ, > Hkjunfolrsm;? ? Ãoa7vvlrsK;d wdkh. tem*wfonf bk7m;ocif.ynwfawmfudk &dkao av;=rwfpGm vdkuaf v#mufr_ 7S§d r7dS tay:wGif wnfaeonf[k ,Hjk unfjuayonf? vlord sm;xifay:olrsm;? ? zm7d7SJtrsm;pkonf vufr_ynm7Sif rsm;/ ukeo f nfrsm;=zpfonf? omrefvx l u J vlrsm;yif=zpfonf? awG;ac:}uHpnfr_tm;vHk;onf t£ytrlrsm;Y ay:vGio f nf[k cH,lolrsm;? ? xdkolwkhdonf ynwfw7m;u rnfuo J> khd oGeo f if xm;onfukd }udK;pm;av>vmonf/ ynwfw7m;u rnfonf> t"dym` ,faqmifonf/ aehpOftoufwm. tao;i,fq;kH aom tr_Yyif rnfuJ>odkh ywfoufr_7Sdonf/ rnfodkhusif>oHk;7rnf ponftxd }udK;yrf;tm;xkwo f lrsm; =zpfjuonf? "av>tpOftvmudk pG+J rJpmG vku d ef musio >f ;kH olrsm;? ? 0dnmOfa7; ydki;f Y bdk;ab;wdkh.oGeo f ifcsufrsm;udk E_ww f kdut f vGwu f suf =cif;/ t=yef=yeftvSev f Sef 7Gwq f =kd cif;wdu hk kd oufqikd v f yk af qmif f lrsm;=zpfjuonf? 7rnf ponftxd }udK;yrf;tm;xkwo odkhaomfvnf; zm7d7SJwkdhonf bk7m;ocif. ynwfawmf rsm;udk Ãoa7vvlwkdh. toufwmESi>f vdkuaf vsmnDaxGr_7Sdap a7;/ vuf a wG ] vd k u f a v#muf a pa7; vk y f a qmif j u7mwG i f E_wfuywfawmfonf aehpOftoufwmY tb,fuJ>odkhaom t"dy`m,foufa7mufonfudk }udK;pm;I azmfxkwfju=cif;uyif olwkdh. t"duvkyif ef;}uD;=zpfvmawm>.? xdkolwkdhonf tEkpw d f cG=J zm=cif;Yomv#if epf£ryfaejuonf=zpf7m ocifa,&_u olwt hkd m; “vlwkdhp7D ifaom ynwfwkdhukd oGeo f ifI enf;Oya'oay;ol” (r 15;9) [k owfrSwcf Jo > nf? xdkolwkdhonf tEkpw d cf GJ=zm=cif;Yom tm&Hk£yju+yD; tESpo f m7udkrl ar>avsm>cjJ> u.? 11
c&pfawmfonf tb,faMumifh bmomw&m;udk ajcmufveS aYf omoljzpfc&hJ oenf;/ bmoma7;t,lonf;olrsm;u ocifa,&_tm; tEW7m,f 7dSolt=zpf =rifcJj> u.? udk,af wmfonf Ãoa7vEdkiif H. bmom a7;ESi>f Edkiif Ha7;wefckd;tm%m tnDtr# cGJa0usifo > Hk;r_ukd rwnf r+idr=f zpfaponf? olYh 7Si;f =yI r7Edik af omt7mwdu hk kd vkyaf qmifEikd f onf> bkef;taoa77dSonf? olonf wefcdk;tm%mESif>wuG oGeo f ifc+>J yD; bmomw7m;. t=yifyef;vu<%mudo k m tm&Hpk ;l pdu k f ae=cif;rS ESvHk;om; twGi;f pdwo f abmudk tav;xm; *&k£yvmap 7ef =r—iw >f ifa=ymif;vJay;cJo > nf? bk7m;ocifonf rdrw d kdhbmom w7m;twdik ;f aumif;rGepf mG vdu k af v#mufaomvlwu hkd kd 7SmazGae=cif; r[kwb f J atmufazmf=yygolwkdhukd bk7m;ocif 7SmazGaeajumif; oGeo f ifco >J nf? pdwfESvHk; ESdrf>csaomol - rdrdwdkh toufwm.uÖwdkif;wGif bk7m;ociftay:Y rScD kad e7ajumif; od=rifol pdwrf om+iD;wGm;aomol - rdrw d t hkd wGi;f (od)hk wpfyg;olwt hkd wGi;f Y 7daS omt=ypf. oömefvu<%mESi>f tusK;d qufrsm;wdt hk wGuf ajuuG0J rf;enf;ol pdwfEl;nH>odrfarG]aomol - bk7m;ocif. tkyfpdk;=cif; wefcdk; atmufY touf7Si7f ef pdwq f EN7Sdol a=zmifr> wf=cif;yg7rDukd qmiwfcifrw G af omol - bk7m;ocifxrH S vmaom a=zmifr> wf=cif;udk vufcHol oem;pHrk ufwwfaomol - 'kuq < if;7J}uHKawG]ae7olwu hkd kd rxdu k f wefaom ulnrD pr_ukad y;ol pdwEf v S ;kH =zLpifaomol - twGi;f pdwo f abm oefph ifol olwpfyg;cdku7f ef£y=cif;udk +idr;f apaomol - vlESi>f bk7m;ocif tjum;/ vlvlcsif;wdkhtjum; 7ef+idr;f =cif;tr_uk£d yol (r 5;1-9)? 12
c7pfawmfonf bmoma7;axmifv$m;olwdkhxuf usKd;yJ> ajurGaomESv;kH om;7do S w l u hkd kd vufccH a>J yonf? ynwfawmfukd emcH vdu k af v#muf=cif;ESip>f yfqikd I f zm7d7w SJ u hkd tao;pdwx f w d ikd f cG=J crf; pdw=f zm=cif;tr_ukd u|r;f usipf mG vkyaf qmifaejucsed Yf ocifa,&_u bk7m;ocifonf tqd;k qH;k aomt=ypfom;udyk if t=ypfvw $ af jumif; oGeo f ifca>J yonf? xdahk jumifo > o l nf bmoma7;t,lonf;olwu hkd kd a=cmufvSehaf eaomol=zpfonf? olhukv d ufcHolwkid ;f twGuf zm7d7SJ wdkh. bmomw7m;onf rvdktyfawm>ay? aemufESprf sm;rjumrD ,cifu zm7d7w JS pfa,muf=zpfco >J /l c7pfawmf.wrefawmf=zpfaom 7Siaf ygvku bmomw7m;qdki7f m ynwfcsufrsm;onf vlwpfO;D wpfa,mufurkd # t=ypfw7m;rS ,cifuvnf; ru,fwifEikd cf ?>J ,ck vnf; ru,fwifEdkifonfomru aemifrnfonf>tcgYvnf; u,fwifEkid v f rd r>f nfr[kw[ f k xif7Sm;pGm azmf=ycJa> yonf? "rRopf usrf;pmapmifxJwGif 7Siaf ygvku ynwfw7m;udk u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; ay;=cif;rSm bmomw7m;xuf tbufbufrS =rif=> rwfomvGeaf om u,fwif7iS u f kd u|Ekyf w f v hkd akd eajumif; azmf=y7eftwGu=f zpfonf[k oH;k oyfxm;onf? rnfonfb > ufrSjunfj> unf> c7pfawmfonf bmomw7m; xuf }uD;=rwfajumif; awG]=rifEkid af yonf? twdwf - olonf zefqif;7Si/f xm07E_wu f ywfawmf=zpfayonf? tpOD;uyif bk7m;ocifEiS t >f wl7aSd eonfomru olu, kd w f ikd u f yif bk7m;=zpfawmfrl. (a,m 1;1-3)? tem*wf - olonf vmrnft > em*wfumvwGif u|Eyfk w f t hkd m; tkypf ;kd aom bk7if/ w7m;pD7ifyikd af omt7Si=f zpfayonf? wpfaehwiG f olonf urBmavmuudk tkypf kd;awmfrl+yD; ESvHk;om;wdki;f udk ppfajumpD7if awmfrlvrd r>f nf (w 1;6-11/ a7m 14;@-12)? txuf - olonf u|Ekyf w f kdh. u,fwifykdi7f Sif ocif=zpfawmfrl+yD; olwpfyg;wnf;om avmuodkhqif;oufvsuf u|Ekfyfwdkhtm; u,fwifEkdiaf yonf? wpfcsdew f nf;rSmyif olonf cspf=cif;arwWm/ Om%fynmwdkh=zif> =ynfp> Hkaomociftae=zif> tkypf k;d awmfrlavonf 13
(a,m 3;13-16/ zd 2;9-10)? atmuf - u|Ekfyfwdkhtm; axmufyif>ulraomolt=zpf=zif> ol. vufawmfESi>f apmifx > ed ;f awmfrl. (aum 1;16)? vufsmbufwnf;[laom orRmw7m; - u|Eyfk w f o hkd nf vufsmbuf odkhvSnI >f tusifw > 7m;ESi>f pyfqkdiaf om a=zmifr> wfrSeu f ef=cif;udk 7Smjunfr> nfqv kd #if olonf u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; oGeo f ifo/l yHo k ufao=y aomol=zpfayonf (1 ay 2;21/ 1 a,m 2;6)? vuf0b J ufwnf;[laomrSm;,Gi;f =cif; - u|Eyfk w f o hkd nf vufsmbuf wnf;[laom orRmw7m;rSvaJG 7Smifvsuf vuf0b J ufwnf;[laom rSm;,Gi;f =cif;udk £yrdonft > cg olonf u|Ekyf w f kdhtwGuf jum;0if awmif;yefay;aomol=zpfonf (1 a,m 2;1-2)? twGi;f Y - olonf u|Eyfk w f . hkd touf/ 7ef+idr;f =cif;ESi>f cGet f m;=zpfay onf (*vm 2;20/ 1 aum 1;2@)? t7mcyfodrf; =ynf>pHk0ef;7Hvsuf7dSaom vlyk*~dKvf=zpfonf> c7pfawmfukd zm7d7SJwkdh rodrSwb f J ausmfoGm;onf? xdkolwkdhonf ociftm; rodrrSwb f J rnfokdhcsefvSyrf jd uoenf;? ar7dS,t7Sif Õuvmaomtcg olhtm;owfzdkhtvdkhiSmom tvdk7dSjuonf? xdo k w l o hkd nf xdo k cifÕuvm=cif;udk Ãoa7vvlwEhkd iS t >f wl rnfohkd apmifa> r#mfaeEdik jf urnfenf;? ocifa,&_ ud, k af wmfwikd f tb,fohkd rdehaf wmfrlonfukd teD;uyfav>vmjunfj> uygpdkh?
14
zm&d&w JS \ Ykd rSm;,Gi;f aomxifjrif,q l csurf sm;um; tb,foeYkd nf;/ vkum 11 wGif ocifa,&_onf zm7d7SJwdkhtm; bmom w7m;. pHkvifr_r7dS=cif;rsm;udk axmuf=ycJo > nf? zm7d7SJwkh. d trSm; rsm;onf olwkdhtajumif;udkomru u|Ekyf w f kdhtajumif;udkvnf; rnfoahkd =ymaeonfukd av>vmjunfj> uygpd?hk
zm&d&w JS o Ykd nf taumif;jrifc&H a&;udo k m pl;pdu k v f yk af qmif Muonf/
"mwkypPnf;xkwfvkyfonf> ukr`%D}uD;wpfcku rdrdwdkh ukr`%o D nf ywf0ef;usifxed ;f odr;f r_wGif pdw0f ifpm;ajumif; vlxk ,Hkjunfvmatmif yHkpHa=ymif;I ajumf=imrsm;udk xkwv f $ic>f Jo > nf? &ky=f rifoHjum; naeydki;f owif;wGif xdkukr`%o D nf rdrw d kdha=ymqdk onft > wdki;f vkyaf qmif=cif;r7dS[k qefhusifqEN=yolrsm;tajumif; ygvm.? qEN=yolwpfO;D onf “igwdu hk kd vSnp>f m;vdrhk 7bl;? yHo k ömef udo k mr[kwb f J vky7f yfawGyg a=ymif;ypfvu kd yf g”[laom qdik ;f bkwf udk udkiaf qmifxm;onfukd awG]7onf? xdkqkid ;f bkwu f ocifa,&_ zm7d7SJwkhdtm; rnfokhdred haf wmfrl cJo > nfukd owd7aponf? vkum 11;39 wGif zm7d7w JS t hkd m; yef;uef t=yifyef;udo k maq;ajumI twGi;f udk raq;ajumaomolrsm;ESi>f wlajumif; Ed_i;f xm;onf? ocifbk7m;uvnf; “zm7d7SJ=zpfaom oifwkdhonf zvm;/ vifyef;udkt=yifYaq;ajumju.? twGi;f Y rlum; vk,=l cif;/ qd;k npf=cif;ESi=>f ynfv > suf7. Sd ? vlru kd w f /hkd t=yifukd zefqif;aomolonf twGi;f udkvnf; zefqif;awmfrlonf r[kwf avm? omIaumif;aomenf;rlum; wwfEkdio f r#twdki;f qif;7J om;wdkhtm; pGehf}uJjuavm>? odkh£yv#if cyford ;f aomt7mwdkhonf oifwkdhtm; oefh7Si;f juvdrr>f nf”[k rdeahf wmfrlcJ. > (i,f 39-41)? 15
zm7d7SJwkdh. "av>tpOftvmt7 tpm rpm;rD owdESi>f pnf;pepfuspmG vufaq;=cif;udk ocifa,&_ 7nf!e$ ;f =cif;=zpfonf? xdo k w l o hkd nf tpmrpm;rDEiS >f pm;aepOftjum; vufa7aq;=cif;tr_ ud k vk y f a qmif j u7mwG i f oef h 7 S i f ; ap=cif ; xuf rd r d w d k h o nf ynwfawmfukd =ynfp> HkapEdkio f nf [laom axmifv$m;onfp> w d =f zif> vkyaf qmif=cif;=zpfonf? zm7d7w JS . hkd “tpOftvmt7oef7h iS ;f =cif;” bmomw7m;onf tay:,Hajumoufoufom=zpfonf? olw. hkd toGio f ömefrmS aumif;=rwf=cif;7daS omfvnf; olw. hkd vkyaf qmif £yrlr_rSm qdk;vSayonf?
bmomw&m;onf tjyifyef;oP²mefudk ajymif;vJapEdkif onf/ odaYk omf c&pfawmfwpfyg;wnf;omvQif ESv;kH om;udk ajymif;vJapEdkifonf/ bmomw7m;onf =y\emt7if;t=rpfudk b,faom tcgrS ra=ymif;vJEkdiaf y? bmomw7m;onf t=yifyef;tajumif; t7mrsm;ESio >f m oufqkid af yonf? xdkhajumify> if ocifa,&_onf ,k'rif;t7m7dS zm7d7w JS pfO;D tm; bk7m;ocif. Edik if aH wmfukd =rifEikd f 7ef 'kwd,arG;=cif; (twGif;oömef 0dnmOfYarG;zGm;=cif;) cH7ef vdktyfajumif; rdehfawmfrl. (a,m 3)? qkawmif;=cif;/yGaJ wmfr*Fvm0if=cif;/ AwWZd rH *FvmcH,=l cif;/ toif;awmftwGuf pdwaf pwemtavsmuft=zpf yg0ifvyk af qmif =cif;wdkhonf t=riftm;=zif> aumif;vSonf? odkhaomfvnf; xdkuo J> khd vkyf aqmif=cif;=zif> bk7m;udk vSnp>f m;Ir7yg? ocifa,&_u “Zmwd yuwdarG;aomt7monf Zmwdyuwd=zpf.? 0dnmOfawmfarG;aom t7monf 0dnmOf=zpf.”[k rdeahf wmfrl. (a,m 3;6)? urBmay:7dS tm;vHk;aombmomw7m;rsm;rS rvkyfaqmifEdkifaomt7mudk c7pfawmfukd vufc=H cif;=zif> vkyaf qmifEikd o f nf (a,m 3;16)? c7pf awmfudk ,Hkjunfudk;pm;=cif;onf ESvHk;om;udk a=ymif;vJap+yD; arwWmw7m;ay:xGe;f 7m t7if;t=rpfukd u|Ekyf w f kdhESvHk;om;xJokdh 16
aqmifjuOf;ay;cJ. > ? 4if;onf ESrd c>f s=cif;tm;=zif> tqifq > if> ay:xGe;f vmonf? qdkvkdonfrSm u|Ekyf w f kdh. t=yifyef;udk aq;ajum=cif; onf tcsnf;ES;D =zpfajumif; od=rif0efc=H cif;/ bk7m;ocif. u&k%m awmfatmufY rdrt d oufwmudk ay;tyfqufuyf7rnf? u|Ekyf w f khd udk,t >f wGuu f kd,f rvkyaf qmifEkdiaf omt7mrsm;udk c7pfawmf. 0dnmOfawmftm;=zif> vkyaf qmif7ef bk7m;ociftay: ,Hjk unfu;kd pm; =cif;pon>f ESrd c>f s=cif;=zpfpOfaywnf;?
17
zm&d&SJwdkYonf ao;i,faomt&mudk yHkBuD;csJU a&;BuD;cGifus,f vkyfaqmifwwfMuonf/
tao;tzGJt7mrsm;udk vkyaf qmif7mY u|rf;usifolwkdhukd u|Ekyf f remvdk=zpfro d nf? xdkolwkdhonf tao;pdwrf Stp rSwrf Ed kdif aomOm%fukd ydik q f ikd x f m;juo=zif> olrsm;xuf wpfyef;omayonf? wpfcgwpf7H u|Ekyf o f nf rdwaf qGrsm;.trnfukd rrSwrf /d rsufreS u f kd rnfonf>ae7mwGifxm;rdonfudkyif rrSwfrdacs? odkhaomfvnf; t"dut7mudkar>+yD; tao;tzGJt7mudk vkyw f wfaompdwo f nf owdrxm;v#if tm;enf;csuf=zpfvmwwfonf? ocifa,&_u bmomw7m;. rSm;,Gi;f r_wpfckrSm ta7;r}uD;onft > r_rsm;udk t"du tav;xm; vkyaf qmif=cif;yif=zpfajumif;/ zm7d7SJwkdhtm; f kyaf qmif7if; pHk;pHk;£ryfoGm;Ekid o f nf> rdehfawmfrlvsuf tao;pdwv tEW7m,fukd azmf=yae=cif;=zpfonf? vkum 11;42 wGif “zm7d7SJwkh/d oifwo hkd nf tr*Fvm7djS u.? tajumif;rlum; yifprd ;f 7Gu/f vsL7Guf rsK;d rSpI =rufyiftrsK;d rsK;d udk q,fzkdhwpfzkdh väjuonfwGif w7m; f xm;ju o=zif> pD7if=cif;/ bk7m;ocifukdcspf=cif;tr_ukdum; vSyI onf? t7ifqkdaomt7mwdkhukd rvSyrf xm;/ aemufqkdaomt7m wdu hk kd usif7> rnf[k rdeahf wmfrcl . >J ?” wpfenf;tm;=zifq > akd omf u|Ekyf f wdkhonf tr_i,frsm;udk ta7;}uD;aomtr_upd Prsm;.ae7mwGif 0ifa7mufcGir>f £yoa7G] xdkt7mwdkhonf rlvae7mwGif olhzmomol 7daS ejurnf=zpfonf? f ,kwadW A'qif=cif wHk zm7d7w JS o hkd nf ,k'bmomESi>f pyfqikd I ynm7S i f r sm;=zpf j uonf ? xd k o l w d k h o nf ynwf a wmf r sm; tajumif;udk qif=cifww kH 7m;ESit >f nD aumufcsucf swwfjuonf? olwkdhonf tajumif;w7m; udpPwpf7yf7yftm; tao;qHk;tqif> txd cGJ=crf;pdw=f zmEdki=f cif;pGr;f 7nftay: rmeaxmifv$m;juonf? Oyrm - bk7m;ociftm; oD;ESHq,fzkdhwpfzkdhukd ay;vä7rnfqkdv#if pyg;oD;ESHomru ydkiq f kid o f r#tm;vHk;. q,fzkhdwpfzkhdukd ay;väju avonf? ynwfawmfu xdkodkhr=zpfrae vkyfaqmif7rnf[k 18
rqdkxm;ay? vdkonfxuf ydkIvkyaf qmifvkdaom zm7d7SJwhdk.qENonf tqd;k r[kwyf g? olw. hkd trSm;rSm tao;pdwcf =JG zm=cif;udk vkyaf qmif 7mwGif arwWmw7m;udk ar>avsm>aeju=cif;yif? ynwWu d srf;ESi>f tem*wWu d srf;7dSor#. tcsKyt f =cmudk usif7> ef ysufuGucf aJ> jumif; ocifa,&_red h®f rufcaJ> yonf (r 22;3@-40)?
bmomw&m;ESifhpyfqdkifí tEkpdwfcGJjzmjcif;onf tusKd;oufa&mufrI&Sdonf[k xifMuonfrSm jyóemwpf&yf jzpf\/ zm7d7SJwdkhonf um;a7mif;0,folxH um;topf0,f7ef a7muf7v dS maomolEiS >f wlayonf? xdo k o l nf um;=ycef;odhk a7muf vmaomtcg um;tydkypPn;f rsm;udk owd£yrdcJo > nf? ol.um; topfukd tqifr> aD omum;wpfp;D =zpfvmap7ef xdt k 7mrsm;wyfqif 7ef vdktyfonf[k xifrSwcf Ja> vonf? wpfem7DcefhtjumwGif xdk f rd af =rmif/ a=ryHkcsdwq f GJonfu > 7d , d m/ olonf aumfzcD Gu/f oHvkdut aom>ww GJ u hkd kd udik v f suf =ycef;rS=yefxu G v f mcJo > nf? xdo k o l nf zm7d7JS wdu hk o >J yhkd if vm7if;tajumif;ESir>f qdik /f avsm>enf;pGm7,lvsuf =yef xGucf o J> nf? tcsnf;ES;D aomt7mrsm;udk udkiaf qmifum ol.um; a[mif;=zif> tdro f khOd ;D wnf=yefoGm;cJ. > ? bmomw7m;onf aumif;=rwf+yD; r7Sdr=zpfyg? odkhaomf xdkbmomw7m;u t"dur[kwo f nf> tao;pdwt f csuftvuf rsm;=zif> u|Eyfk w f t hkd m&HYk =ynfa> p.? usr;f pmzwf=cif;/ qkawmif;=cif;/ ay;urf;=cif;ponf> bmoma7;qdik 7f m usi0>f wfrsm;udk £yusia>f e=cif; ajumif> txufygtcsuu f kd oabmraygufwwfay? csp=f cif;arwWm pdwEf Si>f w7m;r#waompdwx f m;rsm;u bk7m;ocifESi>f rSeaf om qufEG,fr_7dSajumif; azmfusL;ay7m xdkpdwfxm;rsm;ae7mwGif usif>0wfrsm;u tpm;rxdk;Edkifyg? xdkhajumif> usrf;pmzwf=cif;/ 19
qkawmif;=cif;/ ay;urf;=cif;ponfwkdhukd aqmif7GuI f tusK;d }uD; onf[k xif7aomfvnf; pdwx f m;uom t"duusayonf? c7pf a wmf a y:+yD ; aemuf ES p f r sm;rjumrD wref a wmf 7Siaf ygvku ocifa,&_. oGeo f ifcsufukd aum7dåK+rdK]7dS vrf;rSm; vdkufaeaom c7pf,mefrsm;tm; xyfrHI oGefoif7mY 0dnmOf f epfemcH=cif; qkaus;Zl;rsm;/ Om%fynm/ ,Hkjunf=cif;/ pGehfv$wt ponfwdkhyifv#if arwWmrygbJ vkyfaqmifygu tcsnf;ESD;yif =zpfajumif; 7Si;f vif;pGmazmf=ycJa> yonf (1 aum 13)?
20
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23
zm&d&SJwdkYonf zGifh[azmfjyjcif;xuf zHk;uG,fjcif;trIudk vkyaf qmifwwfMu\/ t7uf=zwfay;aomtzGJ]tpnf;wGif t7uf=zwfEdkif7ef ta=ccHvkt d yfaomtcsufrSm “u|efawmfe> mrnf *sK;d vdkhac:ygw,f? u|efawmf[m t7ufoHk;pGJolwpfO;D yg” [laom0efcHcsufaywnf;? TuJo > ahkd om ESrd c>f s=cif;rsK;d bmomw7m;Y uif;rJa> eonfrSm qd;k vS ayonf? toif;awmfokhd wufa7mufaejuolwkhdonf [efaqmif xm;aomvlrsm;ESi>f aygif;oif;ae7onf[k rcHpm;rdjuay? olwkdh onf we*FaEGaehY bk7m;ausmif;odkh 0wW7m;aus&HkoGm;aeolrsm; =zpf+yD; tcsif;csif; 7if;ESD;nD!Gwfoa,mif cHpm;7aomfvnf; vufawG]b0rSeEf iS >f w=cm;pD=zpfae.? vlrsm;pGmu xdt k a=ctaeudk oabmusaomfvnf; tcsKd]wdkhu “'gtrSefw7m;r[kwfbl;? ppfrSefwJ>t7mvnf;r[kwfbl;? wdkhtm;vHk; =y\em7dSae+yD? wdkhtm;vHk; pdk;7drfylyefw,f/ a'goxGufw,f/ ajumuf7GH]w,f/ remvdk0efwkd=zpf7w,f/ =yif;=ypGma0'emcHae7w,f/ t7Suw f uGJ =zpfae7w,f/ wyfruf=cif;qdkwmawGeJh 7ifqkid w f ku d v f Seaf e7w,f qd k w m bmvd k h 0 ef r cH j u7wmvJ ? 'D v d k 0 ef c H r S wpf a ,muf e J h wpf a ,muf cG e f t m;ay;Ed k i f r ,f ? ES p f o d r f > E d k i f r ,f +yD ; awm> _ m;Edik rf ,f”[lI twGi;f wpfa,muftay:wpfa,muf ,Hjk unfrx pdwx f JY atmf[pfikad Õu;aejuavonf? Ttcsufukd ocifa,&_onfvnf; oabmwlnaD yvdr>f rnf? olu “oifwdkhonf tr*Fvm7dSju.? tajumif;rlum; rxif7Sm;aom ocsKÂi;f wGi;f ESiw >f lju.? xdkwGi;f tay:rSm oGm;vm aomolwo hkd nf ocsKi ;f wGi;f 7drS eS ;f udrk # rodju[k rdeahf wmfr. l ” (vk 11;44)? atmufazmf=yygt=zpftysufonf r&dk;om;=cif;ESi>f pyfqkid f ayonf? “wpfcgu y7yf7Sm;bk7if z7uf'7pfrif;}uD;onf ydkhp'f rf 24
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26
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csay;oem;cJa> yonf? “0efav;Iyifyef;aomoltaygif;wdhk ig>xo H hkd vmjuavm>? igonf csrf;omay;rnf? ig>xrf;ydk;udkwifI xrf;ju avm>? ig>xHYenf;cHjuavm>? igonfEl;nHo > rd af rG] ESrd c>f saompdwf oabm7dS.? oifwdkhpdwfESvHk;onf oufom=cif;udk 7vdrf>rnf? tajumif;rlum; ig>xrf;ydk;onf xrf;vG,. f ? ig>0efvnf;ayg>.” (r 11;28-30) [k ocifa,&_ rdeahf wmfr7l mY oef7h iS ;f =cif;ESi>f bk7m; ocifukd cspf=cif;wdkhtjum;7dSaeonf> aumif;=rwfaomvGeq f GJaer_ udk aocsmpGm em;vnfoabmaygufay.?
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xdo k w l o Ykd nf rdru d , dk u f kd vSnphf m;Mu\/ “vlwdkif;udk u|efawmfcspfygw,f? 'gayr,f> vlawGudk onf;rcHEikd b f ;l ”[k aemufa=ymifIa=ymaompum;udk u|Eyfk jf um;zl; onf? zm7d7w JS o hkd nfvnf; TuJo > ahkd ompum;udk twnfa=ymwwf juonf? zm7d7w JS o hkd nf ya7mzufrsm;wdt hk m; av;=rwf*% k £f y=cif;ESi>f atmufar>zG,f7mwdkhudk aqmufvkyfay;=cif;rsm;=zif> 0if>Õum; axmifvm$ ;vsu7f aSd eajumif; ocifa,&_onf rdeahf wmfrcl . >J ? trSef wu,f ppfrSeaf om ya7mzufukd olwkdh awG]aomtcg owfypfvkd ju.? Barclay u “xdkolwkho d nf aovGecf +J> yD;aom ya7mzufrsm; udkom av;pm;=rwfEkd;juonf? touf7Siaf om ya7mzufrsm;udk =rifawG]juaomtcg owfypf=cif;iSm }udK;yrf;ju.? olwkdhonf aovGe+f yD; ya7mzufwkht d m; atmufar>zG,7f mrsm;=zif> *k%£f y t&dk tao ay;ju.? odahk omf touf7Siaf om ya7mzuftm; n—O;f yef; ESyd pf uf=cif;/ taoowf=cif;wdkh=zif> rxDr=J> rif£yI apmfum;cJj> u.” [kqdkcJ>.? vk 11;4@-51 ESif> 4if;.usrf;+ydKif r\J 23 wGif Ttcsuu f kd 7nf!e$ ;f I ocifa,&_u “v#K]d 0Suaf om usr;f £yq7m zm7d7w JS /hkd oifwo hkd nf tr*Fvm7djS u.? tajumif;rlum; ya7mzuf rSpI a=zmif>rwfaomolwdkh. ocsKÂif;wGif;ESif> t&dk;tdk;wdkhudk wnfvkyI f wefqmqifo=zif> igwdkhonf bdk;ab;wdkh vufxufY 7dSv#if ya7mzufwkdhukd owfonft > r_ukd vufrcH+yD[k qdkju.? xdkokdhqkdaomf oifwkdhonf ya7mzufwkdhukdowfaomolwkdh. trsK;d tEG,=f zpfonfukd ud, k t f zdu hk , kd o f ufaocHju.? od=hk zpfI bd;k ab; wdkh.tusify> rm%udk rDatmifusifj> uavm>” (r 23;29-32) [k rdehaf wmfrl.? zm7d7SJwkdhonf rdru d kd,u f kd vSnp>f m;rdav+yD? olwkdhonf rdrd udk,u f kd ya7mzufuko d wfaomol (odkh) ar7dS,t7Siu f kd owfaom olt=zpf rxifrSwcf Jj> uay? AvmewW=d zpfaom bmomw7m;u olwt hkd m; bk7m;ocif. 7eforl sm;=zpfapajumif; olwrhkd od/ oabm 30
raygufyg? taoG;tom;onf 0dnmOfawmfukd qefu h sifvsuf tpOf qdki+f ydKiw f kduv f Seaf eay onf? bmomw7m;Y twWqef=cif;/ rdrd udk,u f kd tuG,t f umay;=cif;wnf;[laom Zmwdtvdk.zrf;pm; v$rf;rdk;xm;=cif;udk xdef;csKyfwm;qD;Edkifaom wefcdk;r7dSay? vlhESvHk;om;udk a=ymif;vJypf7efrSm touf7Sifaomc7pfawmfudk vdak yonf? ordik ;f onf wpfcsed +f yD;wpfcsed f wpfausm=> yefae7m vlwhkd onf ocifa,&_ 7ifqdkifcJ>7aom bmomw7m;junfndKudkif;&_dif;ol rsm;uJo > hkd rdru d , kd u f kd c7pfawmfxuf bmomw7m;twGuf ay;qyf f kd juavonf? E_wt f m;=zif> bk7m;ocifEiS E>f w _ u f ywfawmfukd 7Gwq csD;rGr;f juaomfvnf; rdr. d om;orD; (od)kh cifyeG ;f onfwo hkd nf c7pf awmftm; u,fwifykdi7f Sit f =zpf 0efcHjuv#if trsufa'goxGuf wwfjuonf?
rdrw d o Ykd m;orD;rsm; c&pfawmfaemufoYkd vdu k jf cif;aMumifh trsufxGufonfh bmomw&m; MunfndKudkif;½dIif;ol rdbwdkYonf ppfrSefaom 0dnmOfa&; pl;prf;&SmazGrIudk vkyfaqmif&ef vdktyfaeavNyD/ olwkhAd wWZd HcH,lcaJ> om bmomw7m;wGif rSm;,Gi;f r_wpfckck 7dSaeonf[k om;orD;rsm;u awG;rdju=cif;udkyif bmomw7m; tvGeu f kid ;f &_id ;f junfnKd juaomrdbwdkh trsufa'goxGuw f wfju onf? ocifa,&_u edaum'iftrnf7Sd zm7d7SJwpfO;D udk rdehfawmfrl cJa> om “'kw, d arG;=cif;”[lonf> pum;udk rdro d m;orD;rsm;xHrS jum;7onf> tcg wpfoufwmvHk; bk7m;ausmif;wufaejuaom rdbwdkhonf trsufa'gowdkh Ed_;xvm.? rdrd.om;orD;rsm; c7pfawmf aemufov hk d u kd v f =kd cif;udk a'goxGuw f wfaomrdbwdo hk nf ppfreS af om 0dnmOfa7;pl;prf;7SmazGru _ kd vkyaf qmif7ef vdak eayonf? c7pfawmfudk ,HkjunfvufcHonf[k a=ymqdkaomom;orD;tm; 31
tvdrk wl tEkwv f u<%m wH=hk yefru _ £kd yonf> rdbwdo hk nf c7pfawmf ud, k w f ikd u f arwWm=zif> =ywfom;pGm xdyw f u kd 7f ifqikd cf a>J om usrf;£y q7m/ zm7d7SJwdkhuJ>odkh rdrdudk,fudk vSnf>pm;vdrfnmaeolrsm;=zpf ajumif; tckid t f rm!$e=f yaeayonf?
zm&d&w JS o Ykd nf ynm zGiahf omaomhukd odr;f qnf;xm;Mu\/ bmomw7m;.t}uD;rm;qHk;aom tEW7m,frSm xdkbmom w7m;onf rdru d kdomru olwpfyg;udkyg tEW7m,f£yae=cif;yif? ocifa,&_onf olhtcsdeu f mvu bmoma7;qdki7f m usrf;pmrsm; ESi>f ywfoufI txl;u|rf;usifjuaom olwkdhukd “usrf;wwfwkdh oifwo hkd nf tr*Fvm7djS u.? tajumif;rlum; ynmzGia>f omaom> udk odrf;xm;ju+yD? rdrdwdkhvnf;r0if/ 0ifvdkaomolwdkhudkvnf; qD;wm;juonf[k rdehfawmfrl.? xdkokdh y7dowfwkdhtm; rdehfawmf rlpOfwiG f usr;f £yq7mESi>f zm7d7w JS o hkd nf ud, k af wmfY t=ypfwifciG u > f kd 7rnftajumif; acsmif;a=rmif;vsuf pum;awmfukd zrf;=cif;iSm/ 7Sm}uHvsuf juyfjuyfwkduw f Ge;f I t7m7mwdkhY ar;ppfju.” (vk 11;52-54)? Tae7mwGif ocifa,&_u olhudk qefhusifvsuf 7dSjuaom bmoma7;pdwx f ufoefolwkdhonf vlwkdhtodynmudk zGia>f y;aomaom>tm; odr;f xm;juonf[k qdkcJo > nf? ocifa,&_ qdkvkdaomaom>um; tb,fenf;? Tae7mwGif =zpfEkdiaf =c ta=z rsm;pGm7dS.? Oyrmtae=zif> zm7d7SJwkdhonf omrefvlrsm;xHrS (1) bk7m;ocif.E_wu f ywfawmfukd "av>tpOftvmESi>f ta7;ryg aomt7m=zif> tpm;xdk;=cif;=zifv > nf;aumif;/ (2) ocifa,&_ukd ,Hkjunfol=zpfrvmatmif vkyaf qmif=cif;=zifv > nf;aumif;/ (3) vlwdkh.pdwfESvHk;rS rSefuefaomtm&Hk£y=cif;udk &_yfaxG;atmif 32
vkyaf qmif=cif;=zifv > nf;aumif;/ (ud, k . f qDr;D / vkum 11;33-35) todynmudkzGia>f omaom>ukd odr;f xm;juonf? orRmusrf;pmESi>f c7pfawmfonf todynmzGia>f y;aomaom>=zpfonf? rSeu f efaom tm&Hk£y7monf E_wu f ywfawmfESi>f c7pfawmftay:Yom wnfae rnf=zpf7m ocifa,&_u xdk“pdwEf SvHk;.rSeu f efaomtm&Hk£y7m” wnf;[laomaom>ukd 7nf!$e;f cJo > nf[k u|Ekyf , f Hkjunf.? ocifa,&_u “qDrD;xGef;I uG,f7mY zHk;xm;av>r7dS? awmif;Zvm;atmufYvnf; xm;av>r7dS? 0ifvmaomolonf tvif;udk 7ap=cif;iSm qDr;D cHktay:rSm wifxm;av>7Sd.? udk,. f qDr;D um; rsufpw d nf;? xdkhajumif> rsufpjd unfvifaomtcg wpf udk,fvHk; vif;vdrf>rnf? rsufpda=r—;,Sufaomtcg wpfudk,fvHk; rdkufvdrf>rnf? udk,fY7dSaomtvif;udk arSmifrdkufr=zpfap=cif;iSm owd£yavm>”[k rdehfawmfrlcJ. > (vk 11;33-35)? wpfenf;tm;=zif>qdk7aomf wpfpHkwpfa,muf.qDrD; f efcv J> #if olonf «ol.rsufpd (odkh) pdwEf SvHk;.tm&Hk£y7m¬onf rSeu bk7m;ocifESif> pyfqdkifaomtodynmESif> =ynf>pHkaeayvdrf>rnf? odkhaomf ol.qDrD;udk zHk;uG,fxm;v#if xdkol.toufwmonf (tvif;rJv > suf bk7m;ocifEiS p>f yfqikd af om todynmuif;rJv > suf) arSmifrku d t f wd=zpfaeayvdrr>f nf?
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umqD;xm;=cif;ajumif> “tvif;udk uG,fxm;onf>t7mrsm;” tajumif;udk ocifa,&_ rde®hf rufco >J nf? zm7d7w JS . hkd bmoma7;ESi>f pyfqkdiI f tay:,H t=yifyef;vu<%mudkom t"duxm;ju=cif;/ ao;i,fI ta7;r}uD;aomt7mudk ta7;w,lt"duxm;wwf ju=cif;/ olwpfyg;wdkh.ESpo f ufr_ukd vdkvm;wyfrufju=cif;/ rdrd d nf rdrd udk,u f kd vdrn f mvSnp>f m;ju=cif;ponfwkhad jumif> xdkolwkho ud, k w f ikd t f vif;udk vufvw G q f ;kH &_;H 7onf? xdrk #omru wpfyg;ol wdkhtm;vnf; vufvGwq f Hk;&_H;aponf[k ocifa,&_red haf wmfrl.? Todt hk m;=zif> xdo k w l o hkd nf todynmudk zGia>f omaom>ukd odr;f qnf; xm;ju.?
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xuf pdwt f m;}uD;wwfju7m xdkokdhbmomw7m;qDokdh a=ymif;vJ cH,lolrsm;wdkhonf toufwmY ta7;}uD;aom a=ymif;vJr_rsm; £yvkyfum rdrdwdkh77dSvmcJ>aom cH,lcsuftopftm; =r—if>wif7ef/ umuG,f7ef/ pdwfaZmxufoefwwfjuayonf? rdrdwdkhY ta=z tvH;k pHrk 7daS jumif; odxm;+yD; rdrw d x hkd uf ydI k odaomu|r;f usiaf om rdrw d kdhacgif;aqmifrsm;tay: udk;pm;,Hkjunfr_t=ynf> 7dSju.? Todhk pdwcf sr_ajumif> zm7d7rJS sm;tm;=zif> bmomw7m;qDohkd a=ymif;vJvmolwdkhudk trSefyif 'ku<a7mufaponf? xdkhajumif> olwkht d m; ocifa,&_u “vluef;wdkhtm; vrf;=y aomvluef;” (r 15;14) [k ac:cJo > nft > csderf SpI olwkdh. aemufvkdurf sm;wdkhonf t=ypfESpq f ydk}uD;onf[k owfrSw7f nf7G,f =cif; cH7ayvdrr>f nf? Ttopfaom a=ymif;vJvmolonf 0dnmOfa7;7m rsufpu d ef;ae&Hk omru olwdkhESpfOD;pvHk; tb,fqDodkhoGm;aeonfudk rodr=rif Edkifaom bmoma7;q7mtm; ,Hkjunfudk;pm;aerdajumif;udk oabmraygufjuay? bmomw7m;. t"duESi>f tqHk;pGe=f zpfaom =y\emrSm ar#mfvifp> 7mr7dSygbJvsuf ar#mfvif=> cif;udk ay;urf;=cif;yif? T tajumif;ajumif> bk7m;rJ>0g'D (odkh) tusi>ftm;=zif> }udK;pm; vkyaf qmifolwkhdonf bmomw7m;qDokhd a=ymif;vJvmolwkhdxuf ydkIomaumif; omaeayrnf? tajumif;rSm xdkolwkdhonf bk7m; ocifESi>f 7ef+idr;f =cif;7,lcJo > nf[k vG,u f lpGm r,lqwwfjuay? H hkd a7muf77Sd efohkd bmomw7m; udik ;f &_id ;f olwrhkd mS rl aumif;uifEikd if o vkyaf qmif7rnf (odkh) bk7m;ocifESi>f rnfokhv d ku d af v#muf touf 7Sif7rnfqdkonfudk a77maocsmr_r7dSaomfvnf; 4if;wdkhudk ol odonf[k rSm;,Gi;f pGm cH,lawG;ac:wwf.? t"dy`m,foufa7mufr_rSm tHz> G,=f yif;xefvS.? zm7d7SJrsm; ESif> bmoma7;qDodkh a=ymif;vJvmolwdkhuJ>odkh bmoma7; pdwf xufoefow l o hkd nf ajumufrufz, G af umif;aom xa=rmufrq _ o D hkd OD;wnfaejuayonf? Tt7mrSeu f efajumif;udk “oifwu hkd sia>f om tusif>onf zm7d7SJwdkhESif> usrf;£yq7mwdkhusif>aomtusif>xuf rvGe/f romv#if oifwkho d nf aumif;uifEkid if Hawmfokhd r0if7ju[k 35
igtrSeq f kd.” (r 5;20)[k ocifa,&_ rdehfawmfrlcJo > nf? rSm;,Gi;f pGmoGeo f if=cif;cH7aom bmomw7m;qDohkd a=ymif; vJvmol.ae7mwGif oifu > kdoif tpm;xk;d junfy> g? aumif;=rwf aomolwpfa,muf=zpfa7;udk oifa7G;cs,cf o J> nf[k oifawG;rdrnf? pdwfESvHk;Y bk7m;ociftwGuf ae7mr7dSaomolwdkh. trSm;udk oif=rifvdrf>rnf? c%wmaysmf7$ifr_twGuf xm07umv=zif> vJv, S v f o kd w l u hkd kd oifoem;=cif;=zpfrrd nf? rdro d nf ydI k aumif;=rwf aomt7mwdkhukd a7G;cs,fc+J> yD[k oifxif=rifrnf? oifESpo f ufaom oif;tkyq f 7m/ ,Zfya7m[dw/f q7mwpfyg;yg;tm; ,Hjk unfu;kd pm; +yD; olonf aumif;=rwfaomvlwpfa,muf=zpfI b,faomtcgrS f k oif,Hkjunfpw d cf saernf? olonf bk7m;ocif. 7efolr=zpfEkid [ oift > m; bmoma7;yGrJ sm;Y OD;aqmifI oifonf bk7m;ocifEiS >f ydI k eD;uyfvmonf? oifu > k, d o f if ydkIaumif;=rwfvmonf[k cHpm;rd =cif;udk oifESpo f ufoabmusrnf? odkhaomf wpfcsdew f Gif oift > m; olay;vdkufaomaom>udk “uHjurRm[laom wHcg;udkzGif>csdefY tvGeyf if tcsdeaf ESmif;oGm;cJa> y+yD?”
36
bmomw&m;t,lonf;oltjzpfrS ajymif;vJvmolxrH S oifcef;pmrsm;/ c7pfawmf.tcsed u f mvu zm7d7aJS ygif; 6000 cef7h aSd y onf? xdkolwkdhonf ynwfawmft7 Oykoaf ehY OaomjuufOudk pm;7ef oif > r oif > p onf > tajumif ; rsm;ud k aqG ; aEG ; ju7mwG i f xif7mS ;ausmfjum;olrsm;=zpfjuonf? wm&_+rdK]om;a7Smvkonf (aemufydkif;Y wrefawmf}uD; 7Siaf ygvk[x k if7mS ;ol) onf bmomw7m;. "av>tpOftvmudk f kd “zm7d7SJ=zpf.? zm7d7SJ.om; tarGcHcJ7> onf? olonf rdrdukd,u =zpf.”[k azmf=ycJa> yonf (w 23;6)? toufwmra=ymif;vJru D (w 9) olESi>f bk7m;ocif. oif=> rwfae=cif;onf ynwfw7m;udk vdkuaf v#muf=cif;ajumif=> zpfonf[k a7Smvk ,HkjunfcaJ> vonf?
&Sifaygvkonf t"dutm;jzifh ynwfw&m;rS c&pfawmfodkY aumif;jrwfaomtcsurf sm;rStajccHtaMumif;w&m;odYk tjyifyef;oP²mefrS twGif;vu©PmodkY ajymif;vJoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ 7Siaf ygvkonf a=ymif;vJvm+yD;aemuf olESib >f k7m;ocif. oif=> rwf=cif;udk toH;k tE_e;f topf=zif> azmf=ycJa> yonf? Ttcsed w f iG f rl olEiS >f c7pfawmf. rdwo f [m,om t"du=zpfawm>onf? olonf c7pfawmfukd ,Hkjunf=cif;/ wpfyg;olwkht d m; c7pfawmf.arwWmudk azmf=y=cif;/ wpfaehwiG f u|Ekyf w f t hkd m;vH;k c7pfawmfa7S]Y wpfO;D csif; a=zqd0k efc7H rnf=zpfajumif; ,Hjk unfot l csi;f csi;f tm; owday;=cif; wdkhuko d m tav;xm;vmcJa> wm>onf? 37
c&pfawmf\arwÅmae&mwGif vkdufavQmufusifhaqmif p&mtcsufrsm;udk tpm;xdk;jcif;onf c&pfawmfESifh rawGUrD &Siaf ygvk\toufwmuJo h jYkd zpfatmif rvGrJ aoG ydkYaqmifaomvrf;jzpfayonf/ orRmusrf;pmudk vdkuaf v#muf=cif;ESip>f yfqkdiI f =iif;cHkp7m =y\emrsm;=zpfay:vmonft > cg 7Siaf ygvkonf usrf;£yq7mwd. hk ynwfawmfEiS t >f nD vkyaf qmif=cif;rsm;Y tm&H£k ypGv J ef;=cif; r7daS wm> ay? 4if;tpm; ,Hrk mS ;oHo,=zpfz, G t f ajumif;rsm;Y bk7m;ocif. rdom;pk0iftcsi;f csi;f wpfa,muftay:wpfa,mufp7D if=cif; r£yju 7ef awmif;yefca>J vonf? a7mrjo0g'pmY “olwpfyg;ydik af omvlukd ppfajumpD7ifaomoifonf tb,foel nf;? olonf rdro d cif pD7if aomtm;=zifo > m t=ypfvw $ =f cif;/ t=ypfc=H cif;odhk a7muf7.? olonf t=ypfv$w=f cif;odkh a7mufvrd r>f nf? tajumif;rlum; bk7m;ocif onf ol.t=ypfv$wf=cif;iSm wwfEdkifawmfrl.” / “xdkhajumif> f H?> igwdkhonf ,ckrSpI tcsif;csif; rppfajum rpD7ifbJaejuuket nDtpfudkcsif; xdrdIvJp7mtcGif>/ rSm;,Gif;p7mtcGif> r7dSaprnf tajumif; omI pD7ifjuuket f ”>H [k a7;om;cJa> vonf (a7m 14;4/ 12-13)? u|Ekyf w f kdhonf “c7pfawmfESia>f wG]+yD;aemuf” 7Siaf ygvk. t=rif&_axmifu > kd oif,l7ef vdktyfayonf? tay;t,lvky=f cif;rS rdrdudk,fudk umuG,f7ef u|Ekfyfwdkhonf “c7pfawmfESif>rawG]rD” 7Siaf ygvk.t=rif&_axmifu > kd cH,lusifo > Hk;juayonf? zm7d7SJwkdh. vrf;pOfukd rSv D suf c7pfawmf.aemufvkdurf sm; £y7rnft > 7mrsm; (odkh) a7SmifjuOf7rnft > 7mrsm;[lI u|Ekyf w f kdhonf rdrw d kdhukd,yf kdif pnf;rsOf;rsm;£ypkjuonf? wpfpHkwpfa,mufonf pnf;rsOf;tvHk;pHk udk vdkuaf v#mufEkdiaf omfvnf; bk7m;ocifESi>f a0;vsuf7Sdae=cif; 38
um; wpfckwnf;aom=y\em=zpf.? vlwpfO;D onf t7ufaopm aomuf=cif;/ aq;vdyaf omuf=cif;/ avmif;upm;=cif;ESi>f &ky7f Sif junf=> cif;wdkhukd bmomw7m;t7 a7SmifjuOfcsKyw f nf;Edkiv f sufESi>f bk7m;rJ=> zpfaewwf.? vlwpfO;D onf bk7m;ausmif;wuf=cif;/ tvä vä=cif;/ qkawmif;=cif;ESi>f orRmusr;f pmzwf=cif;wdu hk kd £yvkyaf eaomf vnf; trsufa'goxGuv f suf t=ypf7Smwwfvsuf armufrmaom oabmudk ydkuv f suf 7dSaewwfayonf? 0dnmOfrSvmaomt7momv#if ta7;ygt7ma7muf+yD; ZmwdtaoG;tom;rSvmaomt7monf ta7;r}uD;ay? c7pfawmf uJo > ahkd om arwWmpdwo f abmonf u|Eyfk w f . hkd ZmwdoabmtvdEk iS >f uGm=cm;vSonf? xdpk w d o f abmonf u|Eyfk w f t hkd m; Om%fynm/ vkyf aqmifEkid af ompGr;f tm;/ t=ypfv$w=f cif;ESip>f yfvsOf;I topfaom pdwcf sr_wkhu d kd 7dSap7ef c7pfawmfqo D khd ydkhaqmifaeayonf? touf wmY rapmif>a7SmufEdkifaom ynwfcsufrsm;ESif> &kef;uefvsuf bmomw7m;. xH;k enf;rsm;=zif> v$r;f rd;k =cif;cH7vsuf c7pfawmfukd f kdh yg vufv$wq f Hk;&_H;7=cif;rsK;d r=zpfoify> g? xdk&ke;f uefr_u u|Ekyf w tm; c7pfawmfqo D hkd ydahk qmif=cif;om=zpfoifv > Sonf?
39
vufawGUusiahf qmifjcif;ESiphf yfqikd af om tEÅ&m,frsm; orRmusrf;pmav>vm7mwGif “rnfonf=> cm;em;r_ukd =zpfap oenf;”/ “u|Ekyf t f oufwmwGif rnfonft > usK;d oufa7mufr7_ ySd g oenf;”ponf> ar;cGe;f =zif> t"dym` ,faumuf=cif;rsm; 'Gew f yJG g0ifae7 rnf[k trsm;pku cH,l,Hkjunfxm;juonf? ueOD;vlwdkhonf Asm'dwfusrf;/ 'Ha,vtem*wWdusrf;/ ya7mzufi,fusrf;rsm; av>vm=cif;udo k m t"duxm;vkyaf qmifju+yD; vufawG]touf7iS f r_Y olwkdhtm; pdwaf omua7mufapaom bmoma7;qdki7f m pDrH tkycf sKyrf t _ cGit >f m%mESi>f pyfqikd o f nf> *k%+f ydKiq f ikd rf u _ =kd zpfapaom/ pdwcf Hpm;r_ukd =zpfapaom/ awmif;qdkr_rsm;udk£yaom trSm;udkom 7Smaeaom/ ,kwn f o >H rd zf si;f apaom/ ydik q f ikd 7f ,lvrkd u _ =kd zpfapaom =y\emrsm;wdkhukrd l 7ifqkid af =z7Si;f =cif;r£ycJa> y?
vufawGUusifhaqmifjcif; pnf;rsOf;onf uREkfyfwdkY\ ud, k yf ikd rf ?l ud, k u f siw hf &m;jzpfvmvQi?f pdwo f abmxm; xuf vkyaf qmifcsuu f tpm;xd;k vmvQif bmomw&m; tay: qkyu f ikd x f m;jcif;udk uREyfk w f Ykd vufvw G v f u kd &f Ny;D bmomw&m;u uREkfyfwdkYtm; qkyfudkifavawmh\/ “TtrSew f 7m;onf u|Ekyf . f toufwmwGif rnfuJo > kdh aom toGifoömefudkaqmifoenf;”qdkonf> ar;cGef;rsKd;udk t"dym` ,faumuf vufawG]usio >f ;kH =cif;onf trSeaf umif;vSonf? ueOD;vlwdkhuvnf; xdkuJ>odkhyif c7pf,meftouf7Sif=cif;onf b,fokhdb,fyHk=zpfygonf[k wif=yjuonf? odkhaomf xdkolwkhdonf aq;vdyrf aomuf[q k akd omfvnf; a'gorD;cd;k rpJEikd ?f t7ufaopm raomufpm;[kq=kd im;vnf; aumfzaD omuf7onfukd +iD;aiG]vmv#if enf;enf;av;[ktajumif;=yonf? npfnrf;aomazsmfa=zr_wkdhukd rvdu k pf m;aomfvnf; ta=ymvGwaf tmif vufwpfv;kH =cm; qif=cif 40
ay;um xdktr_wkhdY usifvnfjuonf? zm7d7SJ wdkhonf xdktr_rsm;Y txl;u|rf;usifjuayonf? vuf a wG ] usif > a qmif = cif ; pnf ; rsOf ; onf u|Ek f y f w d k h . udk,yf kdirf l/ udk,u f sifw > 7m;=zpfvm+yD; pdwo f abmxm;xuf £yrl aqmif7Guf=cif;u tpm;xdk;0ifa7mufvmv#if u|Ekfyfwdkhonf c7pfawmf ae7mY tpm;xdk;0ifa7mufvmonf> bmomw7m;. tvdkukd 0efcHvku d rf ad wm>onf?
c&pfawmfukd rsuaf rSmufjyKjcif;onf tb,faMumifh t"dymÜ ,f&&dS ygoenf;/ u|Ekfyfwdkh.,Hkjunfudk;pm;r_udk 77dS7ef c7pfawmfonf bmomw7m;u pGr;f aqmifray;Edkiaf omt7mrsm;pGmwdkhukd u|Ekyf f wdkhtwGuf vkyaf qmifay;r_rsm;=zif> zvS,cf o J> nf? Oyrmtm;=zif> • olonf u|Ekyf w f kdhukdcspfonf (a,m 15;13/ a,m 8;35)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; bk7m;ocifqo D kdh aqmifoGm;cJo > nf (1 wd 2;5)? • bk7m;ocifukd u|Ekyf w f q hkd o D hkd aqmif,v l mcJo > nf (aum 1;15)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; bk7m;ociftwGuf 0,f,lcJo > nf ({ 1;@)? • bk7m;ocifa7S]Y u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; uG,u f may;onf (1 a,m 2;1)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; t=ypfr7dSol[k rSw, f lajunmcJo > nf (a7m 3;24/ 5;1)? • u|Ekyf w f kht d m; bk7m;ocifESi>f =yefvnfoif=> rwfaponf (2 aum 5;19)? • u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; bk7m;ociftwGuf cGcJ efrh w S o f m;xm;avonf (1 aum 1;30)? • olonf bk7m;ocifEiS >f 7ef+idr;f =cif;tcGiu >f akd y;cJo > nf (a7m 5;1)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; bk7m;ocifvufcHEkdiaf omolrsm;t=zpf =yifqif 41
ay;onf ({ 1;6)?
• u|Ekyf w f kdh.t=ypfrsm;udk v$wcf Jo > nf ({ 1;@)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; csKyaf ESmif=cif;wdkhrS vGw=f cif;tcGiu >f kd ay;cJo > nf
(a7m 8;2)? • u|Ekfyfwdkhtm; bk7m;ocif.om;t7mudk 7rnf>tajumif; *k%7f nfESi>f =ynfp> HkapcJo > nf ({ 1;5)? • u|Ekyf w f t hkd wGuf bk7m;ocif. tarGc=H zpf7cGiu >f kd pGr;f aqmifay; onf ({ 1;11)? • u|Eyfk w f t hkd m; ol.0dnmOfawmfukd ay;cJo > nf (a,m 14;16-1@)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; topfaomb0t=rifukd ay;cJo > nf (aum 3;13)? ]]uREkfyfwdkYtwGuf bmomw&m;u þt&mwpfckudkrQ rpGrf;aqmifay;Edkifay/}} • u|Ekyf w f kdhtxJY ude;f 0yfaeayonf (aum 1;2@)? • u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; bk7m;ocif. rdom;pk0if=zpf7ef ac:aqmifco >J nf
(1 a,m 1;12)?
• u|Ekyf w f u hkd , kd pf m; jum;0ifawmif;yefay;avonf (a7m 8;34)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; pmwef.wefckd;atmufrS u,fwifcJo > nf (aum
1;13)?
• u|Ekyf w f t hkd m; bk7m;ocif.Edik if aH wmftwGi;f ae7mcsay;cJo > nf
(aum 1;13)? • u|Ekyf w f kdhtm; xm07toufukd ay;cJo > nf (a7m 6;23)? • u|Eyfk w f t hkd m; rnfo7hkd iS o f efaexdik 7f rnfukd !$e=f ycJo > nf (1 a,m 2;6)?
42
uGJjym;jcm;em;rIudk avhvmjcif;
orRmusrf;pmtwGif;7dS =y\emtrsm;pkwGif t=rif&_axmif> (2)rsKd;7dSay onf? bmomw7m;ESif>pyfqdkifIvnf; xdkt7monf rSefayonf? nDr#I tpGef;ra7mufaomt=rifudk 77dS7ef u|Ekfyfwdkhonf uGJ=ym;=cm;em;onf[k xif7aomtawG;tac: (2)ck. vGefqGJr_tjum;wGif olhae7mESif>ol cH,l touf7Sif7ef ta7;}uD;vSayonf? bmomw7m;onf ta7;}uD;onf? orRmusrf;pmY u|Ekfyfwdkhtm; bk 7 m;ocif q D o d k h !$ e f = yaeaom/ bk 7 m;ES i f > u|Ek f y f w d k h . quf E G , f r _ u d k azmfxkwfEdkifonf> vrf;ajumif;udk =yifqifay; "rRa[mif;/ "rRopf (2) ckpvHk; wGif bmoma7;qdkif7m ynwfcsuf/ ta=ccHtajumif;w7m;/ cH,l,Hkjunf csuf/ "av>xHk;wrf;rsm;ESif>=ynf>aeayonf? bmomw7m;udk u|Ekfyfwdkh. bk7m;ociftay: ,Hkjunfouf0if=cif;/ &dkaoav;=rwf=cif;/ pdwfawmfESif> awG]7ef tvdkqEN7dS=cif;udk azmf!$ef;aomt£ytrl tusif>t}uHrsm;[k u|Ekfyf wdkh od=rifcH,lv#if Tbmomw7m;onf u|EkfyfwdkhtwGuf atmufazmf=yyg tcsufrsm;udk axmufryH>ydk;ay;onfrSm 7Sif;vif;xif7Sm;vSayonf? • jo0g'ESif> ,Hkjunf=cif;qdkif7mom"u (wd 2;1) • tawG]t}uHKudk a0r#cHpm;=cif; (w 2;3@-4@/ a[ 10;25) • twGif; ,Hkjunf=cif;udk azmf=yaomt=yifoömef (1 a,m 3;1@-18) bmomw7m;onf wefzdk;uif;rJ>aom tcsnf;ESD;t7m=zpfonf? tu,f I u|Ek f y f w d k h o nf bk 7 m;ocif E S i f > r S e f u ef a 7;twG u f t=yif y ef ; vu<%m vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;tay: rSDcdkudk;pm;aeygu bmomw7m;onf tzd k ; r7d S / tcsnf ; ES D ; aomt7m=zpf a yonf ? u,f w if = cif ; r7rD = zpf a p/ 7+yD;=zpfap/ bmoma7;qdkif7mtodynm (odkh) vkyfaqmifcsufonf ta7 twGuftm;=zif> rnfr#7dSapumrl u|Ekfyfwdkhtm; ru,fwifEdkifay? todynm (odkh) £yrlaqmif7Gu=f cif;onf u|Ekyf w f kdhwpfO;D csif;. c7pfawmftay: ,Hkjunf =cif;udk azmf=yaomenf;om=zpfonf? TcH,lcsuftm;=zif> u|Ekfyfwdkhonf • ukokdvfaumif;r_=zif> u,fwif=cif;77ef}udK;pm;tm;xkwf=cif; ({ 2;8-10) • rdrd. udk,fusif>w7m;tm;=zif> =ynf>pHk=cif;odkha7mufonf[k xif=rif=cif; (*vm 3;1-3) • c7pfawmf.ae7mudk tpm;xkd;0ifa7mufvmonf> rnfodkhaomt7mudk rqdk (aum 2;6-8) ponfwdkhudk a7SmifjuOf7ayrnf? bmomw7m;onf qdk;npfaomajumif> tEW7m,f7dS=cif; r[kwfyg? c7pfawmftay: ,Hkjunfudk;pm;r_udk v$Jz,fapEdkifavmufaom aumif; =rwf=cif;ESif> =ynf>pHkaomajumif>=zpfonf? u|Ekfyfwdkhonfvnf; u|Ekfyfwdkh twGuf c7pfawmfpGr;f aqmifay;onft > r_Y pdwcf sae=cif;udk y,fonf> zufokdh ,drf;vG,fwwf+yD; c7pfawmf.ae7mwGif u|Ekfyfwdkhudk,fwdkif rdrdtwGuf vkyfaqmifEdkifaomt7mrsm;=zif> tpm;xdk;vmjuonf?
43
uREkfyfwkdY bmomw&m;udk qef;ppfjcif; oifonf aumif;uifEkdiif HtwGuf av#mufv$mwifoGi;f onf[k pdwu f l;=rifa,mifjunfy> g? oifonf rnfonft > 7mrsm;udk oif.t7nf tcsif;rsm;tae=zif> azmf=yrnfenf;? • u|Ekyf o f nf bk7m;ocifukd tpOf,Hkjunfygonf? • u|Ekyf o f nf udk,u >f kdukd,f bmomw7m;udki;f &_id ;f ol[k xif=rifro d nf? • u|Eyfk o f nf aumif;=rwfaomtoufwm=zift > ouf7iS 7f ef}udK;pm;ygonf? • u|Ekyf o f nf AwWZd HcHcJ+> yD;yg+yD? • u|Ekyf f bk7m;ausmif;wufygonf? • trSew f u,fqkd;npfaomt7mwpfckukd u|Ekyf rf £yzl;yg? • u|Efkyb f ufrS oufaovdkuaf y;rnf> rdwaf qGtrsm; u|Ekyf Yf 7dSygonf? tu,fI oifonfxkt d 7nftcsif;rsm;xJrS wpfckckukd aumif;uif Edkiif HtwGuf av#mufv$mwifoGi;f 7mwGif xnfo > Gi;f rnfqkdygu oifonf bmomw7m;. tcsn;f tES;D =zpfru _ kd em;rvnfao;ajumif; !$e=f yaeonf? 4if;udk ,ck od7Sdvmrnf[k u|Ekyf f ar#mfvifr> yd gonf? aumif;uifEdkifiHu vufcHrnf>wpfckwnf;aom av#mufv$mrSm atmufygt7nftcsif;rsm; a7;om;xm;aom oif.av#mufv$myif? • u|Ekyf Yf tm;udk;p7m ukokdvrf 7dSyg? • u|Ekyf o f nf arG;puyif t=ypfom;=zpfygonf? • u|Ekyf o f nf rdrt d rnftm;=zifr> [kwf c7pfawmf.emrtm;=zifv > myg.? • olonf bk7m;ocif. om;awmf/ u|Ekyf . f u,fwifykid 7f Si=f zpfajumif; u|Ekyf , f Hkjunfyg.? • u|Ekyf t f =ypfrsm;twGuf ocif udk,pf m;pGehfv$wt f aocH=cif;udk u|Ekyf f vufcyH g.? • olonf ao=cif;rS7Si=f yefxa=rmufcJa> jumif; u|Ekyf , f Hkjunfyg.? • u|Ekyf u f kd u,fwifygrnft > ajumif; u|Ekyf o f cift > m; udk;pm;yg.? TonfrSm bmomw7m;ESi>f c7pfawmfwkdhtjum; uGJ=ym;=cm;em; r_ 7d=S cif;udk azmfxw k 7f eftwGuf 7Siaf ygvkY7daS om ,Hjk unfpw d cf sr_yif? olu “,Hkjunfaomtm;=zif> aus;Zl;awmfajumif> u,fwif=cif;odkh a7muf7.? udk,t f vdktavsmufa7mufonfr[kw?f bk7m;ocif oem;awmfrl7m=zpf ownf;? udk,u f kokv d af jumif> u,fwifawmfrl=cif;odkh a7mufonfr[kw?f odkh=zpfI tb,folr# 0gÕum;p7mtcGir>f 7dS? tb,fajumife> nf;[lrlum; igwdkhonf aumif;aomtusifw > khu d kd usif7> rnftajumif; a,&_c7pfY £y=yif I zefqif;awmfrl7m=zpfju.? xdkaumif;aomtusifw > khYd bk7m;ocifonf igwdkhukd=yifqifawmfrlESi+>f yD”[k a7;om;cJo > nf ({2;8-10)? 44
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