OFN May 4, 2020 by Eric Tietze

Breeding for Profit MAY 4, 2020 • 24 PAGES

VOLUME 14, NUMBER 4 • WWW.OZARKSFN.COM

The use of Stabilizer genetics gives the Isaacs’ operation a diversified revenue stream

Promoting a Breed Three generations of the Hacker family are working together in the Beefalo breed

Moving on With Wagyu Teddie Andrews and her family mix Angus and Wagyu bloodlines

Repairing the Land Wet conditions have caused damage to vital land

rumor mill

Site connects farmers to producers: Uplift Arkansas and the Arkansas Department of Agriculture teamed up to establish a Food Access Map. The resource hub serves as a one-stop shop for information related to Arkansas-grown food products. The food access map provides a comprehensive list of 1,400 data points detailing information on farms, local businesses, restaurants and pantries. The map also shows which schools and organizations are offering free meals while schools are closed. Go to www.upliftarkansas.com for more information.

The Ozarks Most Read Farm Newspaper

MAY 4, 2020

Permits approved: After first filing in 2017, the Oklahoma Water Resources Board (OWRB) finally approved two long-term groundwater permits for two poultry feeding operations in Delaware County, Okla., on April 21. Judge Barry Denny filled a temporary injunction in 2018, complete with a harsh ruling against the OWRB. The ruling stated the OWRB abused discretion by issuing numerous serial short-term groundwater permits to Chau Tran and Donna Nguyen and Nghi Truong and Thuy Nguyen. After the ruling, Tran and Nguyen appealed to the Oklahoma Supreme Court. New program announced: A new program called Arkansas FARM Corps has been established to connect farmers with those out of a job. With the current COVID-19 pandemic causing strict travel restrictions, many farmers are experiencing a labor shortage in areas where foreign labor from the H2A visa program typically was. The Farm and Ranch Mission Corps looks to connect the available workforce, especially veterans, those in the National Guard, and reservists, with farmers and ranchers for work. Job openings are available to anyone looking for jobs, including college students. For more information, contact Arkansas U.S. Rep. Rick Crawford’s office at 870-203-0540. Former Agriculture Secretary passes: Joseph (Lew) Lewis Meibergen passed away April 16 at the age of 88. Lew grew up raising livestock and working in his father’s feed store before going on to graduate from Oklahoma A&M University in 1953. After a stint in the military, Meibergen returned to Oklahoma to operate the family’s grain and seed company. From 1963 to 1966, Meibergen was the Secretary of Agriculture for Oklahoma and went on to spend 10 years in the banking industry. In 1976, he purchased controlling interest in W.B. Johnston Grain Company and Johnston Seed Company. Founded by his grandfather in 1893 and divested in 2014, W.B. Johnston’s became the oldest and largest independent grain company in Oklahoma. Social media page markets locally-produced products: The Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry’s Loklahoma website connects consumers with Oklahoma producers for fresh meat, eggs, dairy products and produce. Loklahoma has a Facebook page that updates products and availability daily. For more information, contact the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry at Call (405) 522-5652

OzarksFarm @OzarksFarm

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

VOL. 14, NO. 4

JUST A THOUGHT 3 Jerry Crownover – Social distancing from the herd

Jody Harris – Making the best of it

Julie Turner-Crawford – Getting back to basics

MEET YOUR NEIGHBORS 7 Three generations are promoting Beefalo

8 10

Know a Good Rumor?

Do you have a rumor you would like to share with our readers? Mail them to: PO Box 1514, Lebanon, MO 65536; fax them to: 417-532-4721; or email them to: editor@ozarksfn.com

Stabilizer genetics improve the Isaacs’ herd

Eye on Agribusiness highlights Spring Hollow Feed and Supply

The home of the famous Hooshburger

Town & Country features Morgan Downum

Teddie Anderson continues her family’s Wagyu operation

Youth in Agriculture spotlights Bailey Simpson

FARM HELP 18 A little homeschooling 19 Producing more pounds 20 Got runts? Take steps to repair them

Fighting respiratory issues in calves MAY 4, 2020

just a

thought

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ere at my place, spring calving revonover. worC yrreJ yB season is just about I’m waiting on four old girls that look pretty close, then, all Jerry Crownover is that will be left is the handful of a farmer and former cows that typically have late-spring calves (July professor of Agriculture and August). The experts tell me that I should Education at Missouri either convert them to fall calvers, or just sell State University. He is a them, but I remember learning a long time ago native of Baxter County, that an expert is simply someone more than 50 Arkansas, and an miles from home, or…who writes in a magazine. author and professional Other than fighting the mud, my calving seaspeaker. To contact Jerry, son has been fairly typical. I had to pull a couple go to ozarksfn.com and of calves, a couple more were DOA, and I had click on ‘Contact Us.’ to treat a couple for the sniffles. Everything was moving along like normal, until a couple of weeks ago when the calf scours began to spread through the herd of new calves, like a grass fire on the plains of Kansas. Needless to say, it kept both the wife and me busy, checking and treating. During the height of the epidemic, one old cow delivered her new little heifer on the backside of the home place. I found it early one morning, tagged it, and entered the color, size and sex into my phone (yes, no more paper records for me, since I learned how to operate my smart-phone). The cow and calf both seemed fine, so there were no worries. Most cows with newborns keep to themselves for a day or two, before integrating back into the main herd, but this particular cow and calf were still off by themselves for an entire week. Noticing their prolonged absence each morning and evening as I drove through the herd, I began to suspect that, maybe, something wasn’t exactly right. Searching the tree lines and forested areas on the edge of the pasture, I found the new mother, contentedly chewing her cud, but there was no calf in sight.

PO Box 1514, Lebanon, MO 65536

Toll Free: 1-866-532-1960 479-846-1002 • Fax: 479-846-1003 E-mail: editor@ozarksfn.com

Eric Tietze Publisher

Administrative Amanda Newell, Marketing Manager Eric Tietze, Accounting

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Editorial Julie Turner-Crawford, Managing Editor Jerry Crownover, Columnist Jody Harris, Columnist Production Amanda Newell, Production Contributors Kathy Daily, Trish Hollenbeck, Klaire Howerton, Kathy Parker and Terry Ropp

About the Cover James Isaacs has an Angus-influenced herd, and has found the composite Stabilizer breed to improve his cattle. Read more on page 8. Photo by Terry Ropp Ozarks Farm & Neighbor accepts story suggestions from readers. Story information appears as gathered from interviewees. Ozarks Farm & Neighbor assumes no responsibility for the credibility of statements made by interviewees. © Copyright Ozarks Farm & Neighbor, Inc., 2020. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.

Improve Hay & Pasture Yields Now is the time to talk to a Farmers Coop professional to avoid weed problems and determine your fertilizer needs.

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Freshly Picked By Jody Harris

reetings from week five of our quarantine “party” at the farm. We have quickly fallen into a routine of homeschooling four children at multiple education Jody Harris is a freelance levels. It’s not that it’s difficult but it requires a communications specialist, higher level of organization than I am used to. gardener, ranch wife and mother of four. She and There are online assignments, assigned reading her family raise Angus beef and scheduled Zoom calls all day long. Also, cattle and other critters on when did math get so hard? I leave those astheir northwest Arkansas signments to my husband’s area of expertise. ranch. She is a graduate The biggest challenge is always making sure of Missouri State University. everyone in our house is wearing pants before To contact Jody, go to video calls commence. ozarksfn.com and click on The teenager is reading A Separate Peace as ‘Contact Us.’ part of her English and Language Arts work. Slogging through a 1950s coming-of-age novel has taken some prompting from us. Our second daughter is 12 and is working to complete a Read-40-Books challenge with her sixth-grade class before the year is over. Her enthusiastic teacher comes to each student’s home to award them a shirt and place a yard sign in the student’s yard when they complete reading 40 books. Our student is anxious to see if her teacher will make the trek to the farm when she finishes. Our 10-year-old is engrossed in Dale Earnhardt, Jr.’s autobiography, Racing to the Finish: My Story. I’ve learned a lot myself about old Dale and the concussions he endured in his racing career. Finally, the baby is reading Saving Shiloh. He is a dog lover and I haven’t read this book, I just hope the dog doesn’t die in the end. Technology has been a saving grace for school, working from home and ordering groceries for a weekly pick-up to feed a family of six. There are some news stories that have been difficult for me to watch. Cattle prices are low and dairy farmers are dumping milk. Why? These are such discouraging facts facing our country right now. Our family is doing its part to consume meat and dairy. To our children’s delight, we have let them enjoy ice cream for dessert after dinner several times a week. I grew up in a dairy community in Missouri. It breaks my heart to know how hard these farmers work with so little to gain. The pride of providing an American grocery staple – milk, cheese and more is not lost on this family. We spent Easter at home. It was strange not to attend a service at our family’s church. We made the most of our day and went four-wheeling at the farm. We blazed some trails through the woods chasing our kids on Razors. Fortunately, we only saw one big green snake (yuck!) on our adventure. We celebrated with ham and potatoes for dinner. We’re grateful to be together and praying for a cure for COVID-19. These are strange and scary times for us as parents and farmers. We do a lot of explaining to our children daily. We are praying for friends in the healthcare industry who are working on the front lines to aid sick people in our country. We are concerned about the economy and how it will continue to affect our communities and businesses. If you can, order take out from a local independent restaurant in your hometown. Buy necessities locally whenever possible. Our goal is to make the best of a situation that could be so much worse. A year from now, we will look back on this time of lots of family-togetherness with fondness, neighbor.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

MAY 4, 2020

just a thought

Across the Fence By Julie Turner-Crawford

or several years, I’ve said the general population is three, if not more, generations removed from the farm. That scenario has become more apparent in Julie Turner-Crawford the last month. A lack of what many of is a native of Dallas us see as common sense, apparently, is associated County, Mo., where she with the separation from the farm. grew up on her family’s I saw a post on a social media page recently from a farm. She is a graduate “new farmer” asking questions about raising chickof Missouri State ens. She had gone to the local feed store for chick University. To contact day and bought 20 or 30 chicks, and asked when Julie, call 1-866-532-1960 they would start laying eggs. Folks said it could take or by email at editor@ six to eight months, depending on the breed. She ozarksfn.com. assumed the chickens would be in full production in just a couple of weeks. The poster wasn’t sure of the breed or the sexes of her chicks. Someone suggested she find them a new home. Another post was from a lady who was thinking about buying a cow to milk. She posted the photo of the possible purchase. Let’s just say it wasn’t a dairy breed and it maybe even had a little Watusi blood. The would-be dairy farmer said the person selling the cow had never milked her, so she was looking for tips on how to “train it to milk.” She was excited to make cheese and butter. My advice to her was to simply — Continued on Next Page

Side Dish

Garlic and Herb Roasted Potatoes Submitted by: Julie Turner-Crawford, Phillipsburg, Mo.

Ingredients:

• 3 pounds small white (or red) potatoes (I like Yucon golds) • 3 Tbsp olive oil • 2 Tbsp minced garlic, about six or seven cloves • 2 Tbsp fresh parsley, or other herbs • 1 tsp salt • 1/2 tsp black pepper

Directions: Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Wash and cut the potatoes in half or quarters (if they’re large) and place in a mixing bowl. Add the olive oil, minced garlic, parsley, salt and pepper; toss until well coated. Transfer the potatoes to a baking sheet and spread them out in an even layer. For an extra crispy side, make sure they’re cut side down on the baking sheet. Roast for about 45 to 50 minutes, stirring halfway through. Cook until golden and browned. Top with parsley. Know a Good Recipe? Send in your favorite recipe to share with our readers. Mail them to: PO Box 1514, Lebanon, MO 65536; fax them to: 417-532-4721; or email them to: editor@ozarksfn.com

MAY 4, 2020

Thank You…

To All Of Our Essential Customers In This Issue Of Ozarks Farm & Neighbor

Business Name Page # Mac’s Vet Supply .....................................................................3 Farmers Coop Tahlequah ......................................................3 Frye Farms..................................................................................3 Benton County Sale Barn .......................................................4 Midwest Equipment ................................................................4 Pro-Energy Feeds .....................................................................6 Superior Metal ..........................................................................8 Fort Smith Stockyards ..............................................................9 Nixa Hardware..........................................................................9 Heritage Tractor...................................................................... 11 Farmers Coop Van Buren ..................................................... 11 Metal Building Supply............................................................14 KWTO........................................................................................14 Powell Feed & Milling ............................................................16 North Arkansas Livestock Auction, Inc. ..............................16 Bradford Buildings ..................................................................17 Harriman Santa Fe .................................................................17 Odglen Farms .........................................................................17 Rose Bud Bull Development & Sales...................................17 Jac’s Ranch ............................................................................17 Watkins Cattle Company ....................................................17 Horsehead Ranch .................................................................17 Rocking A Ranch ...................................................................17 Decatur Livestock Auction ...................................................18 No Bull ......................................................................................18 DT Construction ......................................................................20 Stillwater Milling ......................................................................21 Farm Credit .............................................................................21 Go Bob Pipe & Steel Sales....................................................23 Atlas Steel Products ...............................................................23 Country Veterinary Service ..................................................23 Ag Strategies...........................................................................23 Hostetler Litter Service ...........................................................23 Wood Motor Company ........................................................24

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just a thought Across the Fence Continued from Previous Page go to the store, open the dairy cooler and pick up a gallon or two of milk, along with butter and cheese. Factoring in the cost of the cow, feed and her medical bills after her attempts to milk the cow, it would be much cheaper in the long run. If there was a lesson to be learned, I hope it was that not every cow is cut out to be a family milk cow, nor is everyone suited to own or milk a cow. There was recently a report stating ivermectin may be viable against the COVID-19 virus. The news sent some racing to their nearest farm-supply retailer. In some areas, consequently, it’s been pulled off shelves to keep people from buying it and dosing themselves and their children. When we work cattle, pouring everything through the chute is one of my main jobs, so I tend to get a little (sometimes a lot) of it on my skin and clothes. Maybe, just maybe, I already have what it takes to fight the virus in my system. I don’t worry about too many ticks for a couple of months after we work cattle, so that’s a win, however, I am not going to intentionally dose myself. I also have injectable penicillin in the refrigerator, but I don’t plan on giving it to myself. The barn cat turned house cat, however, knows I’m not afraid to use it and runs when I open the fridge.

Another area people seem to be delving into for the first time is cooking. I’ve had more than my fair share of fast-food joint trips, but I can cook. My meals may not be the gourmet cuisine offered by some of our fine establishments in the Ozarks, but I can pull a meal together. A younger lady in a grocery store recently asked my friend if the item she had in her hand was hard to cook. My friend said she turned the bag of rice over to show the lady the directions and explained how to cook it. Knowing Tina, who is a good, down-home kind of cook, I’m sure she sweetly gave a clear and concise explanation of the process to the lost lady. A former political candidate said he “could teach anybody to be a farmer.” Since his bid for office was cut short, maybe he needs to spend some of his free time showing people how to be farmers, and while he’s at it he might give a few cooking classes. Stay strong farmers and ranchers in the Ozarks. It looks like we have a little more job security these days than most.

and Share Your Favorite Grilling Recipes With Our Readers! Submit recipes by mail, fax, or email and watch for them to appear in the upcoming issues of Ozarks Farm & Neighbor. All recipes are also available online

P.O. Box 1514 • Lebanon, MO 65536

417-532-4721 FAX editor@ozarksfn.com

Life Is Simple Continued from Page 3 As I exited the UTV, I watched the cow’s eyes as she looked down toward a little creek branch that runs through the pasture. I slowly walked in the direction of her stare and, in a couple of minutes, found the little calf lying as low and still as her mother had instructed. Rousting her from her leafy bed, I could see that her nose was moist, her tail was dry, and now heading toward her momma, she stopped and stretched just like you want

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

to see a healthy calf do. Her mother came to her and led her in the opposite direction from the rest of the cattle. That evening, I told Judy about the cow and calf staying away from the herd for so long. “I wonder what’s wrong?” I asked. “Well, there is an outbreak of scours, so she’s just practicing social distancing.” Whoever said cows are dumb? Must have been an expert. MAY 4, 2020

meet your

neighbors

Promoting a Breed By Trish Hollenbeck

Three generations of the Hacker family are working together in the Beefalo breed Promoting the Beefalo breed via shows, selling breeding stock and marketing the beef is what Larry and Nelda Hacker and their family have been doing for several years in the Lincoln, Ark., area. The Hackers and their daughter, Penny Knuckles and her husband, Mike, and their son David Hacker and his wife, Lisa, own three farms each: Done Rovin’ is Larry and Nelda’s ranch, while Done Rovin’ 2 belongs to Penny and her husband, Mike, and A Thousand Hills farm is owned by David and Lisa Hacker. All together, their land totals 550 acres; another 30 acres are leased. There are 300 cattle – 90 percent are Beefalo. Larry and Penny own a few other breeds, including Scottish Highland. Beefalo, however, is the main venture. “It is heart-healthy meat,” Penny said. “Its has less fat, calories and cholesterol than traditional beef. A lot of times it is even as low as fish and chicken.” Beefalo can be any breed of cattle that is three-eights North American Bison and five-eighths domestic bovine. “We like them,” Larry said. “They’re docile.” A retired military man who had a 28year career in the U.S. Army, Larry grew up in Illinois and was familiar with the farming life. He and Nelda moved to Northwest Arkansas in 1990. Nelda was raised in Lincoln. Larry’s involvement with Beefalo, however, was going on while he was still in the military. He had ranches while stationed at Fort Campbell and Fort Knox, Ky. In fact, he brought 32 of the Beefalo cattle to Arkansas with him. The couple then spent several years raising Beefalo in the Lincoln area before their son and daughter decided to move up to Arkansas from Texas with their spouses and buy ranches. The family spends a lot of time showing and promoting Beefalo across the United States. MAY 4, 2020

Penny serves on the board of directors The Hackers and Knuckles sell several of the American Beefalo Association and bull calves a year to breeders, while keepas vice president of the South Central ing a handful of bulls for their own breedBeefalo Breeders Association. Larry is vice ing program. They also use some artificial president of the MidAmerica Beefalo As- insemination so they can use semen from sociation. Penny and Larry are also mem- deceased bulls to improve the current bers of the Michigan Beefalo bloodlines. Bred heifers are also Association. sold, while 20 to 30 are held “I buy animals from a lot of Lincoln, Ark. back yearly as replacements. my friends up in Michigan,” Meat from steers and other Penny explained. “It supheifers is sold at the Fayetteville ports them as well. WhatFarmers Market and marketed ever we can do to support online. Lisa is in charge of FaceBeefalo we try to do.” book marketing and advertising. Photos by Trish Hollenbeck

The meat is low in fat, so it does not need to be cooked for a long time, according to Penny. She recommends cooking it medium heat for half the time it takes to cook traditional beef. It tastes like beef, but some consumers have noticed a little bit of a difference. “Some people say it is a little sweeter,” Larry said. Beefalo are few and far between in Arkansas, where there are only four to five breeders, and Larry Hacker and his family have been a big part of the Beefalo scene in the state. Larry said the disposition of the breed is a positive trait. “They’re so easy to work with,” he said. Another attribute of Beefalo is low birth weight, Penny said. Even so, the pasture for first-calf heifers is well within viewing distance of the Hacker’s and Knuckles’ homes so they can keep an eye on them. Bulls are let in pasture with cows each year around the first of June, while they are let in a pasture with heifers in early May to allow for better weather when they calve. Penny has land in Summers, Ark., where she breeds cows all year round. “That way, I have show stock at different ages,” she said. The pastures around the family’s farms, which are not really rocky, lend themselves to cows being able to stay in the herd for many years. “Our cows last 12 to 14 years,” Larry said. The family tries to promote the breed to the next generation, give back to the community and create a sense of responsibility in youngsters, so they provide one — Continued on Page 14

Larry Hacker and his daughter Penny Knuckles are active Beefalo breeders in Arkansas. A Beefalo is considered a heart-healthy beef because it is low in fat. The Ozarks’ Most Read Farm Newspaper

meet your neighbors

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Breeding for Profit Photo by Terry Ropp

until his children graduated from college. While working toward his science The use of Stabilizer certification, James taught veterans from genetics gives the Isaacs’ the Vietnam War who were interested in farming in both Magazine and Paris for operation a diversified 10-hours a week at night and on Saturrevenue stream days. James then pursued his educational James and Sandy Isaacs run a career, beginning as a science teacher heavily Angus-influenced com- then moving on to be a principal and fimercial herd on the land where nally the superintendent. Now James is retired and farming fullJames was raised. James is the third generation on his time, something he always wanted to farm outside of Magazine, Ark. The land do. During many of those years, Sandy is gently sloped with Mount Magazine worked for Magnetics in the engineering making a compelling backdrop. James department, which made ceramic magand his wife Sandy own 550 acres and netic cores for electronics sent to China. The Isaacs’ farm runs 300 cows bred rent an additional 700, some of which is by 20 bulls, most of which are Stabiunfenced and used for haying. James and Sandy met at a church meet- lizers. The composite breed was deing. James was attending Arkansas State veloped in the 1970s in Colorado by where he was earning a degree in animal the Leachman Cattle Company in an science with a specialty in nutrition. San- effort to combine the moderate size, dy wrote him a letter and he came to visit. fleshing ability and marbling of BritWhen James graduated from college, ish breeds with the milk, muscle and growth of those from contifew agriculture teaching jobs nental Europe. were available though the Magazine, Ark. James is able to use his bulls local high school needed a longer than most because his science teacher. James recattle are divided into seven turned to school and more herds with more than one bull for or less stayed in school as he each herd. An additional critical progressed upward through factor is that he rotates the bulls methe educational system and By Terry Ropp

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

thodically and culls only when they seem to be wearing out. James began using Stabilizer bulls about 10 years ago when neighbor Bruce Stanton became a local representative for the Leachman Cattle Company. James experimented by using a few and liked the results. He maintains bull diversity by using AI performed by Dr. Charles Meisner from Boonville, Ark., on his best 40 females, developing some bull calves and heifers for future breeding. His replacement heifers are selected for AI because they have the most advanced genetics in his herd. James and Bruce have worked together by using AI on both herds and alternating who keeps the bull calves and who keeps the heifers. Once James and Bruce raised bulls for the Leachman Cattle Company using embryo transplant. A specialist came to each of their farms to perform the process which meant they had to be ready on specific days at specific times during January. Like James, who runs only a fallcalving season for maximum profit and to avoid summer heat, the Leachman Cattle Company also wants fall bull calves. The calves were then sent back to Colorado to develop with one of them returning to — Continued on Page 14 MAY 4, 2020

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Spring Hollow Feed and Supply By Terry Ropp

Owner: Buck George (right) Manager: Lacy Lockwood (left) Location: Tahlequah, Okla. History: “This business started out with my father Andy when he opened Spring Hollow Feed Mill in Hulbert,” owner Buck George said. “When I was in junior high and high school, my father owned the Tahlequah Mill and Elevator. My mom and I became partners in a dairy when I graduated from high school. In order to save overhead costs, my dad and I decided to open his own small mill in 1987. Other dairy producers were the lion’s share of our clientele and discovered that the mill was more profitable than dairy. We milked for 10 years before switching to beef cows. In 1998, I bought dad out. Then in 2014, I closed the old mill after building the Tahlequah 10,000 square-foot facility on land I already owned. It is a good spot because it is right on the highway. My plan was to expand our retail side. Lacy Lockwood has been with me for 20 years, the last seven as manager which allows me to focus on my beef operation.” Products and Services: “The feed side of our business is diverse.

We are a certified Purina dealer for large animal feed and carry show feeds such as Mormons and Show Tec, as well as being an ADM dealer. We carry several types of dog food, such as Victor and Value Pac. We have health aids from West Plains Vet Supply in Springfield, Mo., which includes vaccinations and wormers. Chicken feed and pellets are supplied by Purina and ADM. Other feeds include rabbits, small ruminants and pelletized horse feed as well as ADM textured feed. On the retail side, we carry both broadcast and spot spray weed control in addition to fertilizers in 50-pound bags for lawns and gardens. Horse tack is available along with Muck Boots, Bad Boy Mowers, and a small but entertaining section for children, featuring Melissa and Dave toys.

Philosophy and future: “Our business motto is, ‘Where Satisfied Cus-

tomers Send Their Friends.’ We strive to be the most friendly feed store around while providing the exact products that meet our customers’ needs. We are still growing and diversifying our stock, but this is a challenging industry because not as many young people stay in agriculture. Consequently, we support 4-H and FFA as a way of encouraging young ones to follow our footsteps on pavers not yet formed.” MAY 4, 2020

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Nixa Hardware Company warrants to the extent of the purchase price that seeds sold are as described on the container within recognized tolerances. Seller gives no other or further warranty expressed or implied. Prices/Germination subject to change without notice. We reserve the right to limit quantities.

The Ozarks’ Most Read Farm Newspaper

ozarks

roots

the people, places and traditions that make the ozarks home

An American Tale Photos by Terry Ropp

By Terry Ropp

The Pig Trail Bypass Cafe is famous for its owner and his award-winning Hooshburger This is a uniquely American story. Hooshang Nazarali came to the United States in 1977 from Shiraz, located in southern Iran. He arrived with a student visa in hand, ate a cheeseburger and began studying in eastern Texas. Texas was a perfect choice because Hoohsang had been heavily influenced by highly popular 1950s Western movies shown in Iran, so much so that Hooshang believed the United States was like the Wild West. Soon Hooshang learned otherwise and embraced the reality and diversity of America. A year later, in 1978, the Iranian revolution began with the Ayatollahs eventually becoming the new government. When Hooshang’s mother insisted he remain in the U.S., Hoosang followed her wishes. “You never know where life is going to take you,” Hooshang said. “If you are wise, you take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves because you get led to places and sometimes a life you would never have otherwise imagined, much less experienced.”

The situations were stressful in Iran because of the revolution and in the United States due to the beginning of the 1981 financial crisis. While working for a drug company in Texas, Hooshang took a personal exploration trip to Arkansas and found himself in the tiny community of Crosses, not far from Huntsville. A small convenience store/restaurant was for sale. Hooshang saw the opportunity and Crosses became his home where he soon married and raised a family with four children. Hooshang is a man with three passions. He is an activist for democracy in Iran, a dedicated family man and an American entrepreneur. An earmark of how deeply this rural section of Arkansas has accepted Hooshang is that he not only ran but was elected for a term as a Justice of the Peace. Crosses is so rural that Hooshang’s business is the heart of the community, and its only business. Not knowing how to pick a name that would capture the flavor of his new home, Hooshang asked a friend, Jerry Franklin, who combined Arkansas’s love of the Razorbacks with Route 16 just outside the front door. The business was named Pig Trail Bypass Café. People soon discovered Hooshang to be warm, generous and charismatic. Many residents make daily trips to the small business for a cup of coffee, a bite to eat and some conversation.

Hooshang remembers a time when a man claiming to be a minister stopped to buy gas only to discover he had forgotten his wallet. Hooshang gave him $20 worth of gas, figuring he’d seen the last of it. Nonetheless, the man stopped by the next Sunday and paid him back. During the brief interview, a FedEx man stopped for a late lunch, someone brought him a knickknack to add to his memorabilia collection and several locals stopped by for a quick purchase and chat. “I performed plastic surgery on the building after I bought it,” quipped Hooshang. Still enamored with the Wild West, Hooshang installed a cactus garden in front, gave the exterior a Western feel by using rough cedar and decorated the inside with license plates, catchy signs, an Elvis guitar and other memorabilia. Country music and Mexican food are available Friday nights when the pool table is in especially high demand, while Sundays feature down-home country fried steak. Make no mistake, however, because the American cheeseburger Hooshang first ate became an award-winning Hooshburger, a cheeseburger infused with Persian spices accompanied by home fries and perhaps a fried pie made locally in West Fork. Paraphrasing Queen, we want it all and we want it now. The Pig Trail ByPass Café is not the place to go with that attitude because everything is made

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

fresh as you walk in the door. The wait is worth it and eating in the homey environment means not having to wait to get home first. The breakfast menu includes a Western omelet, but don’t forget the biscuits and gravy. Another tasty entrée is the Philly sandwich, paired with Jeorylyn’s homemade eggrolls or Brenda’s fried mushrooms. There simply is no wrong choice. The secret in Crosses is out. The burger was first put on Thrillist.com for the best burgers in each state. Then the nationally-acclaimed Southern Living magazine wrote about the burger only to be followed by a YouTube video last year featuring a University of Arkansas documentary about successful American immigrants. Hooshang is an outspoken member of the Council of Resistance of Iran and has made numerous trips to Washington to tout the cause as well as keeping in touch with federal Arkansas politicians John Bozeman, Tom Cotten and Bruce Westerman. “I am in my heart thankful to the American people and my adopted mother homeland for their open and welcoming arms,” Hooshang said. “I hope my fatherland is soon free so I can take some of my Arkansas friends and my family to see the beauty of the Iranian land and people for themselves.” MAY 4, 2020

town &

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in the field and in the office

Morgan and Rachel Downum By Terry Ropp

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Family: Children: Avery, Essa, Ella and Grady In Town: “I served an apprenticeship to be an electrician and 14 years ago opened Morgan Downum Electric,” Morgan Downum said. “While most of my business is commercial, I also do repairs and am kept really busy. My wife Rachel, a registered nurse in dialysis for 10 years and then a school nurse for three, now serves as the driving force behind homeschooling our four children.

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Find your local Heritage Tractor location or request a quote at HeritageTractor.com 1 Offer valid on qualifying purchases made between 15 April 2020 to 06 July 2020. Subject to approved installment credit with John Deere Financial, for consumer use only. Down payment may be required. Average down payment is 10%. $17.24 per month for every $1,000 financed. No payments, no interest for 90 days, followed by 0% APR for 58 months only. Taxes, freight, setup and delivery charges could increase monthly payment. Available at participating U.S. dealers. Prices and models may vary by dealer. Offer available on new equipment and in the U.S. only. Prices and savings in U.S. dollars. 2 Offer available from 06 April 2020 through 06 July 2020. $100 off the purchase of a new S240 Lawn Tractor from a participating John Deere dealer between 07 April 2020 until 06 July 2020. Available at participating John Deere dealers in the U.S. Dollars off will be deducted from the agreed upon purchase price. Some restrictions apply, see your participating John Deere dealer for complete details. 3 Offer available from 06 April 2020 through 06 July 2020. $300 off the purchase of a new Z700 Series ZTrak Zero-Turn Mower from a participating John Deere dealer between 07 April 2020 until 06 July 2020. Available at participating John Deere dealers in the U.S. Dollars off will be deducted from the agreed upon purchase price. Some restrictions apply, see your participating John Deere dealer for complete details. 4.625” x 4.6875”

In the Country: “I was raised just down the road from where I now live,” Morgan said. “We use 40 family acres and rent another 40, keeping a 40-head herd split among the locations. Photo by Terry Ropp Our Angus bull rotates to breed the cows so calving is a constant activity. “In addition, we raise Katahdin and Gulf Coast Native sheep with the goal of trying to establish a Gulf Coast flock because of their natural parasite resistance and maybe because Rachel finds them so tiny and cute. As part of the homeschooling education, one son became FAMACHA certified for identifying Barber pole worm anemia. We also raise chickens for eggs, one of which won $900 at the Washington County Fair. The farm boasts seven honeybee hives, three swarms of which we captured ourselves. The children are heavily involved with selling eggs, honey and homemade preserves at the farmers market as part of their economic education. All of the children are in 4-H and show, mostly sheep and chickens in addition to a show pig, with each child having a different specialty.” Blended Lives: “I provide the paycheck and Rachel, who was raised as a townie but dove headfirst into country life, is the school teacher, wife, mom and organizer. In the future we hope to relocate by purchasing more land farther away from our increasingly urban area where we hope to build a dream farm home. In the more immediate future, as our children enter high school we plan for them to participate in dual enrollment classes in order to get college basics out of the way. Each child will also work with me to learn both the electrical and business sides of what I do. Our goal is to have our children fully prepared so they can make informed career choices when the time comes. Rachel always says we are truly a blessed family with everyone enjoying being together as much as possible, and I couldn’t agree more.” MAY 4, 2020

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The Ozarks’ Most Read Farm Newspaper

slaughter

market sales repor

bulls

cattle

Kids - Selection 2: 170.00-225.00. Nannies/Does - Selection 1: 170.00-205.00. Nannies/Does - Selection 1-2: 140.00-185.00. 4/26/20 Nannies/Does - Selection 2: 130.00-155.00. Bucks/Billies - Selection 1: 250.00. Replacement Goats: Nannies/Does - Selection 1: 270.00. Nannies/Does - Selection 2: 160.00-190.00. Families - Selection 1-2 w/<20 lbs kid: 85.00-110.00.

Slaughter Ewes: San Angelo: Good 3-4 (very fleshy) no test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) 60.00-90.00, few 98.00-107.00; Utility and Good 1-3 (medium Arkansas Cattle Auction - Searcy † flesh) 104.00-120.00; Utility 1-2 (thin) 73.00-102.00; Cull and Ash Flat Livestock 74.00-90.00 Midwest - High Plains Direct Slaughter Cattle Utility 1-2 (very thin) 70.00-80.00; Cull 1 (extremely thin) Benton County Sale Barn - Siloam Springs 68.00-95.00 † 5 Area (Tx-Ok, Ks, Neb, Ia, Colo) 44.00-64.00. Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction 78.00-94.00* Live Basis Sales - Over 80% Choice Pennsylvania: Good 3-4 (very fleshy) no test; Good 2-3 Cleburne County Livestock Auction 64.00-74.00 † Steers: 92.25-105.00; wtd. avg. price 96.14. (fleshy) no report; Utility 1-2 (thin) no report; Cull 1 no test. County Line Sale - Ratcliff None Reported † Heifers: 94.00-100.00 ; wtd. avg. price 97.35. Ft. Collins: Good 3-5 (very fleshy) 75.00-90.00; Good 2-3 Decatur Livestock Auction Not Reported* Dressed Basis Sales - Over 80% Choice (fleshy) 70.00-85.00; Utility 1-2 (thin) no test. Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Not Reported* National Sheep Summary 4/24/20 Steers: 148.00-150.00 ; wtd. avg. price 149.16. Billings, MT: Good 3-4 (very fleshy) no test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) Farmers Regional Sale Barn 39.00-92.00* Heifers: 149.00-150.00 ; wtd. avg. price 149.70. Compared to last week slaughter lambs under 70 lbs weak, no test; Utility 1-2 (thin) no test; Cull 1 no test. Fort Smith Stockyards 55.00-94.50* heavier lambs weak to 10.00 lower. Slaughter ewes steady to So Dakota: Good 3-4 (very fleshy) 72.50-85.00; Good 2-3 Four State Stockyards 20.00-98.00* 10.00 lower. Feeder lambs not well tested. At San Angelo, (fleshy) 67.00-87.50; Utility 1-2 (thin) 48.00-64.00; Cull 1 I-40 Livestock - Ozark 45.00-93.00 † TX 7876 head sold. No sales in Equity Electronic Auction. 25.00-37.50. Joplin Regional Stockyards 69.00-99.00 † In direct trading slaughter ewes and feeder lambs were not Missouri: Good 3-5 (very fleshy) no test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) no Mid-State Stockyards 90.00* tested. Confidential head of negotiated sales of slaughter test; Utility and Good 1-3 (medium flesh) 97.50-120.00, few North Arkansas Livestock - Green Forest 57.00-95.50 † lambs were confidential. 1,841 lamb carcasses sold with all 130.00; Utility 1-2 (thin) no test; Cull 1 no test. OKC West - El Reno 67.00-106.00 † weights no trend due to confidentiality. All sheep sold per Kalona: Good 3-4 (very fleshy) no test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) no Ouachita Livestock Auction 70.00-71.50 † hundred weight (CWT) unless otherwise specified. test; Utility and Good 1-3 (medium flesh) no test; Utility 1-2 Ozarks Regional Stockyards 68.00-106.00 † Slaughter Lambs: Choice and Prime 2-3 90-160 lbs: (thin) no test. Stilwell Livestock Auction 75.00-90.00* San Angelo: wooled and shorn 100-135 lbs 116.00-136.00; Feeder Lambs: Medium and Large 1-2: Tulsa Livestock Auction 90.00-108.00 † 150-175 lbs 110.00-112.00. 136.00. San Angelo: 92 lbs 190.00. Norwood, Mo. • Producers Auction Yards Sheep/Goat 4/25/20 Welch Stockyards PA: wooled and shorn 100-115 lbs no report. 78.00-105.00* Ft. Collins: 30-40 lbs 177.50-205.00; 50-60 lbs 172.50-192.50. Compared to last month, slaughter goats traded 40.00-60.00 Ft.Collins, CO: wooled and shorn 100-135 lbs 160.00-172.00. Billings: no test. 0 10 30 50 70 90 110 higher with feeder goats and replacements not well tested. South Dakota: wooled and shorn 110-150 lbs 85.00-117.50. Kalona: no test. Slaughter sheep traded 10.00-20.00 higher with feeder Kalona, IA: wooled and shorn 100-145 lbs no test. So. Dakota: 30-40 lbs 240.00-260.00; 40-50 lbs 220.00-250.00; lambs and replacements lightly tested. Demand was good Billings, MT: no test. 50-60 lbs 210.00-220.00. especially on slaughter goats. The supply of slaughter animals Missouri: wooled and shorn no test. Missouri: no test. (Week of 4/19/20 to 4/25/20) was moderate with feeders and replacement animals light. Equity Elec: no sales. Replacement Ewes: Medium and Large 1-2: Supply included: 1% Feeder Sheep/Lambs (100% Hair Slaughter Lambs: Choice and Prime 1-2: Arkansas Cattle Auction - Searcy 38.00-69.00 † San Angelo: mixed age hair ewes 95-125 lbs 136.00-146.00 Lambs); 57% Slaughter Sheep/Lambs (96% Hair Breeds, San Angelo: hair 40-60 lbs 224.00-250.00; 60-70 lbs 214.00Ash Flat Livestock 26.00-65.00 † cwt. 4% Hair Ewes); 3% Replacement Sheep/Lambs (100% 236.00; 70-80 lbs 208.00-222.00; 80-90 lbs 194.00-216.00; 90- Ft. Collins: no test. Benton County Sale Barn 38.00-66.00 † Hair Ewes); 2% Feeder Goats (100% Kids); 35% Slaughter 45.00-65.00* Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction 110 lbs 180.00-200.00, few 202.00-212.00. wooled and shorn 47 Billings: no test. Goats (94% Kids, 5% Nannies/Does, 1% Bucks/Billies); 2% lbs 232.00; 76 lbs 212.00; 84 lbs 206.00; 92 lbs 203.00. Cleburne County Livestock Auction 49.00-56.00 † 4 So Dakota: middle age 200.00-230.00 per head. † Replacement Goats (41% Nannies/Does, 59% Families). 45.00-55.00 Pennsylvania: no report. County Line Sale - Ratcliff Kalona, IA: no test. Feeder Sheep/Lambs: Decatur Livestock Auction Not Reported* Kalona, IA: no test. Missouri: hair ewes 100-110 lbs 115.00-127.50 cwt, few 150.00 Hair Lambs - Small and Medium 1-2: 240.00-270.00. Ft. Collins: wooled and shorn 60-70 lbs 189.00-209.00; 70-80 cwt; ewes with lambs 175.00-190.00 per family. Not Reported* Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Slaughter Sheep/Lambs: lbs 188.00-202.50; 80-90 lbs 180.00-192.00; 90-100 lbs 182.00- National Weekly Lamb Carcass Choice and Prime 1-4: Farmers Regional Sale Barn 32.00-57.00* Hair Breeds - Choice and Prime 1-3: 220.00-265.00. 190.00. hair 74 lbs 190.00; 85 lbs 202.50. 24.00-69.00* Fort Smith Stockyards Weight Head Wt Avg Hair Breeds - Good and Choice 1-3: 160.00-227.50. Missouri: hair 40-60 lbs 200.00-225.00; 60-70 lbs 215.00Four State Stockyards 23.00-67.00* 45 lbs down Price not reported due to confidentiality Hair Ewes - Good 2-3: 160.00. I-40 Livestock - Ozark 227.50; 70-80 lbs 210.00-220.00, few 235.00. wooled and shorn 45-55 lbs Price not reported due to confidentiality 29.00-66.50 † Hair Ewes Utility and Good 1-3: 120.00-160.00. 45-65 lbs 222.50-225.00; 70-80 lbs 215.00-225.00. Joplin Regional 15.00-66.00 † 55-65 lbs Price not reported due to confidentiality Hair Ewes - Utility 1-2: 65.00. South Dakota: wooled and shorn 50-60 lbs 195.00-230.00; Mid-State Stockyards 58.00* 65-75 lbs Price not reported due to confidentiality Replacement Sheep/Lambs: 60-70 lbs 190.00-220.00; 70-80 lbs 200.00-215.00; 80-90 lbs North Arkansas Live 20.00-60.00 † 75-85 lbs Price not reported due to confidentiality Hair Ewes Small and Medium 1: 230.00-235.00. † 195.00-200.00; 90-100 lbs 193.50-200.00. 44.00-76.00 OKC West - El Reno 85 lbs up Price not reported due to confidentiality Hair Ewes Small and Medium 1-2: 95.00-140.00. Billings, MT: no test. † Ouachita Livestock 25.00-55.00 Sheep and lamb slaughter under federal inspection for the Feeder Goats: Direct Trading: (lambs fob with 3-4 percent shrink or † Ozarks Regional Stockyards week to date totaled 30,000 compared with 29,000 last week 27.00-74.00 Kids Selection 1: 285.00-315.00. equivalent): Slaughter Lambs wooled and shorn 140-162 Stilwell Livestock Auction and 47,000 last year. 45.00-65.00* Kids Selection 2: 225.00-235.00. lbs (wtd avg ). † Tulsa Livestock Auction 47.00-75.00 Slaughter Goats: Welch Stockyards 45.00-66.00* Kids - Selection 1: 310.00-410.00. 0 10 30 50 70 90 110 Kids - Selection 1-2: 235.00-310.00. (Week of 4/19/20 to 4/25/20)

beef

57.00-91.00 †

dairy cattle NONE REPORTED sheep & goats

slaughter

cows

stocker & feeder

300-400 lbs. 400-500 lbs. 500-600 lbs. 600-700 lbs. 700-800 lbs.

Heifers, Med. & Lg. 1 300-400 lbs. 400-500 lbs. 500-600 lbs. 600-700 lbs. 700-800 lbs.

12 12

-----

6 Lower

182.00 140.00-164.00 140.00-153.00 ---------

160.00-176.00 126.00-175.00 150.00-160.00 130.00-133.00 127.00

128.00-179.00 120.00-161.00 100.00-150.00 110.00-136.00 -----

148.00-187.50 164.00-172.00 155.00-157.00 132.00 -----

140.00-149.00 135.00-146.00 -------------

144.00-169.00 144.00-151.00 121.00-126.00 110.00-125.00 105.00

161.00-181.00 140.00-158.00 135.00-145.00 130.00 -----

150.00-172.00 144.00-158.00 123.00-135.00 ----117.00

---------------------

155.00-165.00 140.00-160.00 129.00-140.00 112.00-125.00 110.00-111.00

--------137.00 ---------

137.50-150.00 119.00-125.00 113.00-145.00 114.00-128.00 104.00-120.00

130.00-140.00 120.00-137.00 115.00-130.00 100.00-115.00 -----

137.00-158.00 120.00-149.00 116.00-128.00 110.00-116.00 105.00-111.50

128.00-158.00 110.00-146.00 100.00-126.00 98.00-116.00 -----

134.00-148.00 129.00-145.00 120.00-132.00 119.00-122.00 -----

130.00 120.00-130.00 ----102.00 98.00-99.00

Uneven

St-3 Lower

160.00-177.50 151.00-168.00 135.00-165.00 126.00-135.00 120.00

---------

Farmer’s & Ranchers Vinita, Okla.* ---------

Farmers Regional Sale Barn* 4/24/20 154

-----

Uneven

St-3 High

---------------------

159.00-162.00 143.00-163.00 117.00-130.00 ----114.00-116.00

136.00-190.00 129.00-171.00 120.00-159.00 115.00-143.50 -----

165.00-181.00 148.00-166.00 138.00-157.00 125.00-140.50 105.00-125.85

153.00-169.00 140.00-167.00 129.00-146.00 112.00-133.00 97.00-118.00

170.00-199 151.00-176 133.00-170 130.00-142 117.00-133

---------------------

110.00 135.00-119.00 135.00-119.00 110.00 99.00

---------------------

----120.00-145.00 121.00-141.50 116.00 -----

--------120.00-136.00 116.00-126.00 104.00-116.00

160.00-170 148.00-150 126.00-140 123.00-129 88.00

---------------------

125.00-141.00 129.00-115.00 106.00-118.00 91.00-108.00 90.00

119.00-156.00 120.00-150.00 112.00-140.00 90.00-123.50 -----

120.00-143.00 118.00-139.00 115.00-136.00 110.00-127.25 100.00-121.50

130.00-144.00 123.00-143.00 117.00-138.00 112.00-124.00 93.00-105.00

135.00-155 130.00-148 116.00-138 113.00-127 104.00-113

-------------------------------------------------------------

NOT REPORTED

Bulls, Med. & Lg. 1

St-4 Lower

Ash Flat Livestock✝

NOT REPORTED

300-400 lbs. 400-500 lbs. 500-600 lbs. 600-700 lbs. 700-800 lbs.

St-10 Lower

Cattlemen’s Livestock*

4/24/20 511

Benton Co. - Siloam Springs✝ 4/23/20 1,498

NONE REPORTED

Steers, Med. & Lg. 1

County Line Sale Ratcliff✝ 4/22/20 55

Decatur Livestock*

4/22/20 818

Cleburne County Livestock✝ 4/20/20 148

Ark. Cattle Auction, LLC - Searcy✝ 4/21/20 848

prices

Fort Smith Four State Stockyards* Stockyards Exeter, Mo* 4/20/20 4/21/20 1,423 2,023

I-40 Livestock Ozark✝ 4/23/20 439

Joplin Region Stockyar 4/20/2 5,097

✝ USDA Reported * Independently Reported

Ozarks Farm&&Neighbor Neighbor •• www.ozarksfn.com Ozarks Farm www.ozarksfn.com

MAY 4, 2020

o confidentiality onfidentiality onfidentiality onfidentiality onfidentiality onfidentiality ral inspection for the d with 29,000 last week

8.55

8.52

9 5.44

5.51

5.46

3.22

3.21

0 Blyt

hevil

lena

5.46

laine

eola

Osc

8.26 5.36

2.93

Little

ock

-40 tock ark✝ 3/20 39

even

Mid-State Stockyards North Arkansas Livestock OKC West - El Reno Ouachita Livestock Auction Ozarks Regional Stockyards Stilwell Livestock Auction Tulsa Livestock Auction

ces

Mid-State Stockyards*

St-3 Higher

250

133.37 125.00 139.75 Week of 3/29/20

Week of 3/29/20

161.59

127.64 144.70

129.75

118.39

145.00

144.44

163.03

138.04

154.57

* 140.00

154.00 147.22

131.00

144.60

119.92

148.67 150.00 **

119.00 123.53 ** 125.62

145.23

118.00

148.34

133.91

138.65

130.01

146.04

144.01

120.48 *

149.50

123.63

146.54

None Reported †

2250

OKC West - El Reno, Okla.✝ 4/21/20 9,706

Ouachita Livestock Ola✝ 4/24/20 425

Ozarks Regional West Plains✝ 4/21/20 2,319

Stilwell Livestock Auction* 4/22/20 331

Tulsa Livestock Auction✝ 4/20/20 1,936

Welch Stockyards*

4/20/20 292

N. Ark. Livestock Green Forest✝ 4/22/20 852

-----

Uneven

2-8 Higher

Uneven

St-10 Higher

St-8 Higher

-----

147.10 * 137.65 133.97

170.00-199.00 151.00-176.00 133.00-170.00 130.00-142.00 117.00-133.75

125.00-190.00 130.00-175.00 115.00-155.00 110.00-145.00 100.00-120.00

166.00-188.00 150.00-171.00 135.00-160.25 122.00-140.00 -----

175.00-178.00 124.00-170.00 127.00-155.00 135.00-145.50 118.50-130.75

161.00-172.00 137.00-159.00 130.00-153.00 113.00-127.00 -----

166.00-183.00 156.00-172.50 143.00-166.00 130.00-149.00 124.00-136.00

158.00-174.00 151.00-165.00 142.00-153.00 105.00-124.00 111.00-121.00

175.00-186.00 160.00-175.00 160.00-172.00 135.00-146.00 121.00-131.00

150.00-178.00 145.00-169.00 140.00-165.00 120.00-134.00 106.00-128.00

------0-136.00 0-126.00 0-116.00

160.00-170.00 148.00-150.00 126.00-140.00 123.00-129.00 88.00

---------------------

165.00 137.00-153.00 126.00-141.00 126.00-139.00 107.00-111.00

----155.00 -------------

160.00-170.00 136.00-151.00 119.00-136.00 103.00-120.00 100.00-103.00

----142.00-147.50 128.00-141.00 ---------

---------------------

164.00-182.00 154.00-165.50 134.00-152.00 140.00 105.50-115.50

150.00-177.00 140.00-151.00 125.00-140.00 110.00-121.00 95.00-110.00

0-144.00 0-143.00 0-138.00 0-124.00 -105.00

135.00-155.00 130.00-148.00 116.00-138.00 113.00-127.50 104.00-113.00

120.00-166.00 108.00-138.00 95.00-130.00 95.00-125.00 90.00-104.00

139.00-156.00 125.00-145.00 115.00-136.00 ----100.00

161.00-166.00 135.00-157.50 106.00-146.00 109.50-125.00 98.50-111.50

129.00-138.00 115.00-133.00 104.00-125.00 100.00-110.00 93.00

140.00-147.50 129.00-146.00 120.00-133.00 116.00-125.50 113.00

143.00-154.00 128.00-150.00 115.00-131.00 108.00-118.00 -----

155.00-167.00 143.00-154.00 122.75-135.00 110.00-122.50 -----

140.00-159.00 135.00-150.00 125.00-135.50 115.00-126.00 98.00-110.50

113.83 109.00

128.88

147.97 150.81

124.25

150.84

125.29

117.00

148.28

134.81

148.00

120.30

143.59 144.02 133.45 133.34 *

124.73 109.30 123.55 * 143.49

136.95 *

122.25

124.03

160.95

The Ozarks Read Farm Newspaper The Ozarks’Most Most Read Farm Newspaper

129.14 118.12

4/21/20 1,439

0-169.00 0-167.00 0-146.00 0-133.00 -118.00

MAY 4, 2020

114.20

124.18

140.00

1750

111.35

147.90

885.00-925.00 †

124.77

149.18 110

Ouachita Tulsa

120.00

137.00

2000

Feb. 20 Mar. 20

Ash Flat El Reno Green Forest Joplin Ozark Ratcliff Searcy Siloam Springs West Plains

147.80

700.00-1850.00 † None Reported *

1250

Jan. 20

heifers 550-600 LBS.

159.68

860.00 †

750

Ouachita Tulsa

Oct. 19 Nov. 19 Dec. 19

140.00

None Reported * 650.00-1325.00 † 1025.00-1075.00 †

Welch Stockyards

Joplin Regional Stockyards✝ 4/20/20 5,097

Ash Flat El Reno Green Forest Joplin Ozark Ratcliff Searcy Siloam Springs West Plains

Arkansas Cattle Auction 600.00-1825.00 † Ash Flat Livestock 780.00-875.00 † Benton County Sale Barn 600.00-1100.00 † Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction 1325.00 * Cleburne County Livestock Auction 910.00 † County Line Sale - Ratcliff None Reported † Decatur Livestock Auction Not Reported * Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Not Reported * Farmers Regional Sale 440.00-530.00 * Fort Smith Stockyards 830.00-1800.00 * 1250.00-1585.00 * Four State Stockyards I-40 Livestock - Ozark None Reported † Joplin Regional Stockyards 700.00-1560.00 †

Sorghum

July 19 Aug. 19 Sept. 19

steers 550-600 LBS.

Week of 4/5/20

0-127.50 cwt, few 150.00 er family. ice and Prime 1-4:

pairs

1500

Apr. 19 May 19 June 19

(Week of 4/19/20 to 4/25/20)

per head.

1000

$80

Week of 4/12/20

Corn

500

cow/calf

Daily Report 4/28/20

Soft Wheat

$120

700.00-1335.00 †

Ash Flat Livestock 510.00-1050.00 † Benton County Sale Barn 600.00-875.00 † Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction 1050.00 * Cleburne County Livestock Auction - Heber Springs None Reported † County Line Sale - Ratcliff 1050.00 † Decatur Livestock Auction Not Reported* Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Not Reported * Farmers Regional Sale Barn 840.00 * Fort Smith Stockyards 500.00-1320.00 * 750.00-1365.00 * Four State Stockyards - Exeter, Mo. † I-40 Livestock - Ozark 650.00-875.00 Joplin Regional Stockyards 575.00-1275.00 † Mid-State Stockyards 650.00-1200.00 * North Arkansas Livestock 575.00-1100.00 † 650.00-1275.00 † OKC West - El Reno 810.00-950.00 † Ouachita Livestock Auction Ozarks Regional Stockyards 210.00-1400.00 † Stilwell Livestock Auction None Reported * Tulsa Livestock Auction 700.00-1225.00 † Welch Stockyards None Reported *

Week of 4/5/20

Arkansas Cattle Auction - Searcy

avg. grain prices Soybeans

$160

(Week of 4/19/20 to 4/25/20) Prices reported per cwt

o test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) and Good 1-3 (medium ) 73.00-102.00; Cull and National Dairy Market at a Glance 4/24/20 ull 1 (extremely thin) Cheese: Barrels closed at $1.0500 and 40# blocks at $1.0700. The weekly average for barrels is $1.0255 (+.0140) and blocks, $1.0310 no test; Good 2-3 (+.0230) o report; Cull 1 no test. Fluid Milk/Cream: As seasonally warmer temperatures persist, milk .00-90.00; Good 2-3 production across the country continues to increase. In the west, ) no test. no test; Good 2-3 (fleshy) California milk production is abundant, while Arizona production is unchanged from the previous weekís plateau. New Mexico handlers 1 no test. and processors can hardly handle current milk output. In the Pacific .50-85.00; Good 2-3 Northwest, weather is good for cows, with gradual milk production ) 48.00-64.00; Cull 1 increases being reported. The mountainous states of Utah, Idaho ,and est; Good 2-3 (fleshy) no Colorado display strong farm-level milk production. Meanwhile, in the Midwest, farmers are working to limit production by rationing esh) 97.50-120.00, few feed and culling. Class I bottling demand is mostly mixed in Florida, 1 no test. but heavy volumes of milk are clearing to bottling operations in t; Good 2-3 (fleshy) no the southeastern part of the East region. Cream is abundant and esh) no test; Utility 1-2 loads are being discounted across the regions. Churning and Class II manufacturing are unable to absorb the available cream. F.O.B. cream 2: multiples are .50-.90 in the East, .50-1.00 in the Midwest, and .45-.90 50-60 lbs 172.50-192.50. in the West. SPOT PRICES OF CLASS II CREAM, $ PER POUND BUTTERFAT F.O.B. producing plants: Upper Midwest - $0.6945 40-50 lbs 220.00-250.00; - $1.1575.

ge 1-2: 125 lbs 136.00-146.00

$200

Week of 4/12/20

dairy sales

cows

550-600 lb. steers

Week of 4/19/20

replacement

12 Month Avg. -

$240

Week of 4/19/20

eports

✝ USDA Reported * Independently Reported

137 164 191 218 * No price reported in weight break **USDA Failed To Report *** No Sale

245

Prices Based on Weighted Average for Steers and Heifers 550-600 lbs.

116 137 158 179 * No price reported in weight break **USDA Failed To Report *** No Sale

200

Prices Based on Weighted Average for Steers and Heifers 550-600 lbs.

13 13

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Promoting a Breed Continued from Page 7 heifer and a steer each to several 4-H kids in the area every year. The kids take care of the animals – from walking the animals to feeding and grooming them. They then show them at the Washington County Fair in Fayetteville. The Hackers have been doing this since 1992. The family’s cattle are represented at several shows throughout the year: The Kentucky Beef Exposition in Louisville, Ky.; the Missouri State Fair in Sedalia, Mo.; the Four States Fair in Texarkana, Ark.; and the East Texas State Fair in Tyler, Texas. Promoting the breed and winning some awards – last year, they won supreme reserve grand champion

Breeding for Profit Continued from Page 8

The voice of the

Ozarks www.radiospringfield.com

this area for one of the biannual Leachman Cattle Company sales in Arkansas. “We did that only one year because the profit did not match up well against the specific timing needed to perform the embryo transplant,” James explained. “One particular day was terribly cold, windy and difficult and not worth all the trouble.” Calves are separated from their mothers beginning July 1. Because the weaning area holds only 75 calves at a time, herds for weaning are selected to produce that number of calves before moving to the next group. Calves are kept at least 45 days and sold as preconditioned calves in Oklahoma City or Fort Smith, as well as at the I-40 Livestock Auction. James never lost his interest in nutrition and believes the biggest change in the cattle industry in his area is the soil quality. He remembers as a youngster, the grasses were sparse, less nutritious and mostly unfertilized. Soil is now highly productive due to fertilizing with chicken litter for many years and spraying for weeds. “Spraying is essential. It seems to me that chicken litter promotes weed growth with the disadvantage being that spray-

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

bull and grand champion junior heifer at the Missouri State Fair – is a way to showcase their stock and connect with other Beefalo owners. It’s all part of the big picture: Making Beefalo more prevalent in the country. Besides that goal, Penny said she has fun at the shows and raising the cattle. “I love their babies. The day they’re born, everybody gets a name and a number. A lot of the time, I pick out the ones I’m keeping right away,” Penny said. “I can just about walk through the pasture and know who everybody is.” A few minutes after she said that, she is in the pasture calling their names as they gently approach us. The pasture is damp from rain, the sky is blue, and the sun is shining. Just another day at the Beefalo ranch.

ing tends to kill the highly nutritious clover. Grass quality, however, compensates for that loss,” James said. Field composition is mostly Bermuda, with native grasses and a little fescue. The biggest issue is cockleburs which require some spot spraying throughout the year. James uses a modified rotational system and moves cattle every two weeks so they continually have fresh grass. Another aspect of James’ interest in nutrition is the development of his own ration formula, a 12-percent protein combination of cracked corn, soy hull pellets and dried distillers grains. Cows are fed 2 pounds per day from December through March. James also hays 200 acres on rented and unfenced land. The hay fields typically produced 2,000 bales per year, which is mostly for personal and family use. The Isaacs’ farm is too large for James to handle alone. Consequently, he has one full-time employee, Chance Tucknies, and weekend help from Greg Witt. Additional help comes from family: nephew Thomas Riddle, a high school science teacher in Magazine, and grandson Ethan Staton, a senior in high school. With family members still interested in farming, the future for family ownership seems likely. MAY 4, 2020

meet your neighbors

Moving on With Wagyu

couldn’t leave home unless I took my horse, too.” The couple married when Teddie was 20 and Robert was one month over 18. They raised three children who produced six grandchildren so far, ages 3 through 10. By Terry Ropp “Robert could not have possibly left us in better shape,” Teddie said. “Our entire Teddie Andrews and her family cattle system was already firmly estabmix Angus and Wagyu bloodlines lished, and because I did so many of the Many women in agriculture work 40-acre spread that included two chicken day-to-day tasks as part of our lives, I had side-by-side with their husbands, houses, two wells and a residence. Ex- the necessary practical experience.” Teddie and her son Russell run 110 fully immersed in the day to day cited, Robert told Teddie at church the work of running a farm. Such is the next Sunday that he bought her a farm. mostly purebred Angus cows bred to Teddie was astounded because Robert five fullblooded Wagyu bulls on 300 case with Teddie Andrews. When farming full-time would no was younger, shorter, and had already as- acres outside of Gentry, Ark. They purchase most of their bulls from Rowe longer support the family, her husband sumed they were getting married. She did not consider her best friend Wagyu, in Lincoln. The combination Robert got a general contractor’s license and worked off the farm. Teddie handled a boyfriend. In fact, Teddie was so produces F1 calves that are highly whatever needed to be done while he was shocked she didn’t speak to him for prized for meat quality. Calves are sold to the same gone. Then, Robert unexpectedly died in three months. “God knew what he was Gentry, Ark. buyer every year, with the May 2019 of a heart attack. buyer determining which Both Teddie and Robert were raised doing and gave me my best bulls the farm purchases. The on farms and had been best friends since friend for a husband and buyer also has criteria related to Teddie was in ninth grade and Robert in a beef and chicken farm,” health protocols, including the seventh. When Robert was 16 in 1975, Teddie said. “It was a good herd being antibiotic and hormone he went with his father to the bank and thing he already had acrefree. The farm breeds for spring bought his first farm for $55,000. It was a age because my mom said I

calves, which are weaned in September according to the phases of the moon. After weaning, calves are feed on the farm for 45 days with a 14-percent protein specialty feed from the Baxter Springs, Kan., Co-Op. The goal is to produce a uniform set of F1 calves, which mature at an appropriate size with a perfect ribeye and the best marbling in order to meet the high expectations of the buyer’s consumers. Another requirement from the buyer is to have IMI electronic tags so each animal’s efficiency and health can be tracked back to Teddie’s farm and the calf’s sire. For each calf crop, an auditor from IMI visits the farm to verify the calves. The process serves both Teddie and the buyer by ensuring that Teddie has followed all procedures and the buyer is certain the calves are what he wants. The buyer then sends a semi to pick up the calves, and they are fed to maturity with the buyer maintaining production data on each calf. The system produces a load of 85 to 95 calves headed for Texas, with the Andrews retaining enough calves — Continued on Next Page

Submitted Photo

MAY 4, 2020

The Ozarks’ Most Read Farm Newspaper

You Get Spring-Ready! Your Powell Location is Here to Help

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Moving on with Wagyu

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Continued from Previous Page

Huntsville • 304 Labarge St. 479-738-6814 Green Forest • 181 West Main 870-438-5184 Harrison • 502 Hwy 62/65 N. 870-741-0855

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Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

meet your neighbors

for replacements and to feed family and friends for the coming year. Wagyu calves are small, more or less German Shepherd sized, with only one calf having to be pulled in seven years. An interesting characteristic is that calves take two or three days to figure out who their mother is, so they are kept in the Andrews’ “maternity ward” to eliminate disorientation and possible death. The Andrews’ pastures are mostly fescue and native grasses. They are fertilized with chicken litter purchased locally with the timing dependent upon availability and regulations. Weeds are controlled by broadcast spraying in the spring and/or fall with thistles and a tall weed with stickers that Robert called “careless weeds” controlled with some spot spraying. The farm produces its own hay, 500 large round bales in a typical year. Robert passed at a critical time. The bulls were supposed to be put in with the herd on May 15 when everyone was at the hospital with him. Teddie looked at her gravely ill husband and could almost hear him saying, “You can’t help me so get the bulls in with those cows.” He passed on May 16. The next day the children were standing around saying things like “Momma would want this or Momma would want that.” Teddie promptly stepped in and explained she was not a doddering old woman and could make her own decisions. The family prayed, separated the cows into four herds and turned the bulls in. Robert and Teddie’s son Russell is now a full-time salaried employee, but Teddie is still very much hands-on. At this time granddaughter Ramsey, Russell’s daughter, is considering showing two Wagyu heifers. Teddie hopes that within 10 years, Russell and Ramsey will be running the farm with the other grandkids always welcome to return to their roots. MAY 4, 2020

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What have you accomplished as a result of your involvement in agriculture?

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ost of the nation’s school-age children are going to finish out the school year at homelearning from mom and dad, where they are hopefully safe from the global pandemic that is COVID-19. What a difference a few weeks makes. In February, we were optimistic about what new trade agreements would mean to the farm economy and were hopeful for increased prices for the 2020 crop year. A few short weeks ago, we were hearing and reading about a new flu that was affecting residents Kathy Daily is the of Wuhan, China. It seemed very far away and it Senior Vice President only deserved a moment of our precious time, beof First Financial Bank’s cause we were so very busy. Farm and Ranch DiviWe were too busy to spend time with family sion. She has been an and loved ones because work was too important; agricultural lender for too busy to put our cell phones down at dinner; more than 25 years. too busy to enjoy sunrises and sunsets; too busy for the important things in life. It looks like COVID-19 is going to “homeschool” all of us. As farm families, we usually spend more time together than most, but we can still learn from this experience. A few things to do more of: • Spend more time with our aging parents, their time is slipping away and family memories and years of wisdom will go with them. Skip the birthday presents and bless them with your time. You may need to do this by phone until the current threat passes. • Do something with your teenagers that they want to do, even if you think it is a waste of time. Be honest, your parents often thought you were wasting time, too. Ask your young adults their opinion on a current event. Before you tell them why they are wrong, ask them why they feel the way they do. • Really look at your spouse while having a conversation. Don’t look at your cell phone or answer calls. Give her/him your full attention for as long as they need it. • Call a friend or neighbor and check on them. Not everyone can get out right now and if they are trying to stay away from others, your call will be a welcomed one. • Pray for the health and peace of your fellow man Let’s do less: • Worrying about our differences instead of what we have in common • Competing with our friends and neighbors and being thankful for what we have • Helping others up, instead of stepping on them to get where we want to go • Taking those we love for granted I’m not on the “front line” of this pandemic. I’m just a banker, doing my best to keep the farm loans moving so the important folks who feed us will have the money they need to continue to operate. However, I want you to know it didn’t take empty grocery shelves for me to know how important our farmers and ranchers are. Thank you for all you do.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

MAY 4, 2020

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Improving Feed Efficiency By Klaire Howerton

Producing more pounds with less inputs is key Webster defines efficiency as a “way to determine an effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with costs.” Most producers in the Ozarks are striving for efficiency, and one way this can be achieved is with feed. What is feed efficiency? According to the Noble Research Institute in Oklahoma, in general, an animal that produces either greater body mass with the same feed intake or the same body mass with less feed intake would be considered more efficient than its contemporaries. While this description makes feed efficiency sound like something that should be at the top of every producer’s priority list, the numbers from Noble drive it home. While it is interesting to compare average feed efficiency of different species, we also know dramatic differences exist in feed efficiency among individual animals within a species. In fact, Basarab et al. (2003) found there was as much as an 8-pound difference in feed consumed per day for steers that gained similarly. In practical terms, this difference is very costly to the producer. This 8-pound difference in feed intake would amount to half a ton of feed ($150) in a 120-day feeding period.

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For some producers, one way to improve feed efficiency might be to switch to processed grains, or mix them into the ration. According to the Beef Cattle Research Council, digestibility of grains like corn, barley and oats is improved when grains are processed. Processing methods such as steam flaking has been shown to improve feed efficiency versus dry rolling. By cracking the outer shell of the grain, rumen microbes are better able to utilize grain starch and minerals. Processing also allows grain to be mixed with supplements, and affects palatability and passage rates. Another method for improving feed efficiency can be to reconsider the management of feed bunks, troughs, selffeeders, etc. Proper bunk management and feed delivery helps with maintaining consistent feed intake, whereas lackadaisical bunk management can create fluctuations in feed intake. Inconsistent feed intake can lead to digestive issues, loss of feed and reduced feed efficiency. According to Amy E. Radunz, University of Wisconsin Beef Cattle Extension Specialist, Department of Animal Science, feed consumption should be estimated on a daily basis and observations made each day that all cattle are

“I homeschool our children and my husband and I oversee everything that they do, teaching safety as situations present themselves.” Rachel Downum Washington County, Ark.

eating. This can help identify fluctuations in intake, which otherwise would be hard to identify. Bunk management is defined as matching the amount of feed delivered to the amount of feed an animal can eat…good bunk management can be more of an art than a science. Principles of good bunk management can be learned, but it does require practice and experience. The goal of a finishing program is to provide consistent amounts of feed at consistent times. Cattle are creatures of habit and disruptions in their routine can lead to disruptions in feed intake. This can be used to a producer’s advantage in developing a bunk management protocol, therefore minimizing changes in their environment, reducing stress, and delivering feed consistently is critical. If producers choose to utilize self-feeders, labor costs are often reduced, but cattle will typically have a higher cost of gain. In order to properly manage self-feeders for optimum feed efficiency, it is wise to follow some general guidelines, including: never allow the feeder go empty, provide four to six inches of feeder space per head, and add roughage or fiber at approximately 1 to 2 pounds per head per day.

“As we introduce our children to new tasks, we supervise them and teach them to respect handling the equipment, but only when they are ready. Some things will stay off-limits such as maintenance.”

Utilizing growth promotants, such as implants, is a strategy that can improve feed efficiency. “To a great extent, animal growth is regulated by the pituitary gland and its secretions of growth hormone (somatotropin). Implants work by increasing (via the pituitary gland) growth hormone and insulin at the cellular level, which results in increased synthesis of muscle tissue and, frequently, reduced deposition of body fat. This causes a measurable increase in growth rate and improved feed efficiency,” Dr. Shane Gadberry, ruminant nutrition specialist with the University of Arkansas Extension, explained. There are also feed-through growth promotants on the market, and consulting with the herd veterinarian can help producers make the best choice for their cattle on which product to use. Keeping feed clean and unspoiled will help improve the herd’s feed efficiency, as will pest prevention of birds and rodents that can consume and contaminate feed. Consulting with livestock field specialists and nutritional experts at the local extension office can aid producers in creating the best feeding program possible for maximum feed efficiency.

“We avoid putting a single person in a situation where cattle may be aggressive with calving being a good example.”

Shannon King Marion County, Ark.

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James Isaacs Logan County, Ark.

“My wife and I do most of the work and have improved our working pens so we can work safely. We also maintain good equipment and are always careful.” Dana Samples Madison County, Ark.

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Repairing the Land By Klaire Howerton

Wet conditions cause damage to vital land

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A very wet fall and winter has resulted in many damaged areas in crop fields and pastures around the Ozarks. Driving vehicles and farm machinery and running livestock over saturated soils left many producers with problematic ruts, ditches, mud holes and other issues to deal with as the soil dries. Fortunately, there are steps than can be taken to repair the damage and restore productive crop and pasture areas. Many damaged sections of cropland and pasture will likely need some form of mechanical repair, Drexel Atkisson, area soil health specialist for USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, explained. In order to be mindful of the land during the repair process on crop fields, he advised producers to choose a tillage tool that does the least amount of inverting of the soil as possible. The less traffic on the damaged area during repair the better. Making each trip as efficient as possible will help prevent further damage. It is also important that producers wait until the field is dry before beginning the repair process. “Working wet fields will only add insult to injury by making compaction of the soil worse,” Atkisson said. “It may be possible to only work on the area in the field with the ruts, but consideration needs to be given to how planting equipment will perform.” He went on to explain with parts of the field having tillage and perhaps the rest without any tillage, the planter may need adjusted between one area and the other.

Utilizing local NRCS offices to discuss the need for unscheduled or unplanned tillage with a planner can help producers with documentation and keeping their conservation plans up to date. Producers may need to repair pastures too. “Many pastures have had excessive traffic by livestock and feeding equipment that has caused trampling and ruts. These areas may require a mechanical device as well to get fixed,” Atkisson said. He suggested a roller or tractormounted blade as potentially effective equipment. A cultivator is another option if a more aggressive piece of machinery is needed, as is a disc if rocks are problematic in the area. Planting forages in damaged pastures plays a large role in helping them mend and return to a healthy production status. “Getting plants growing on these areas is crucial,” Atkisson said. “Plant roots heal compaction and hold the soil in place. Annually planted forages will be the fastest to take root and begin the healing process. Cool season annuals such as cereal grains or annual rye grass can be planted early spring (through the month of May). If it is later (June) then we would look to summer annuals such as Sudangrass or the millets to do the job. As soon as possible, plant the perennial forages of like kind that is present in the field.” In order to lessen the damage in affected cropland areas, repairs and field work should, again, be postponed until the soil is dry for the most successful results. For pastures, Atkisson advised it is best not to damage more and more

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area. This just expands the impacted area and increases the expense of repair. Sacrificing the smallest area possible is the best way to lessen the damage. If the area is more of a “field road,” Atkisson suggested the area might need some gravel or stone added. He recommended that producers visit their local NRCS office to learn more about heavy use area protection. When producers reseed their repaired pastures, it can be prudent to consider planting forage that will hold up to high traffic. “Tall Fescue is the most common grass in our pastures and does a good job of handling traffic. Kentucky Bluegrass and Perennial Rye Grass are also coolseason grasses that tolerate high traffic. For a summer growing grass, Bermudagrass is a warm season perennial grass that tolerates heavy traffic as well,” Atkisson said. Mid-May to June 15 would be optimum for establishing warm season grasses, he went on to say, and Aug. 15 to September 15 is the best time to plant cool season grasses. “I would not be afraid to throw a little seed whenever the area gets smoothed up. It may not all grow or survive but most likely some will,” Atkisson said. “Then when the time is right it can be reseeded again.” Working with a conservation planner at the local NRCS office can help producers choose the best forage option for their land, as well as helping with identifying appropriate sacrifice areas that are better suited to heavy traffic based on soil type for future wet weather issues. MAY 4, 2020

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Respiratory Ailments

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Respiratory issues are a leading cause of death in calves While respiratory issues can affect any animal at any age, it tends to be more common in younger animals. Dr. Craig Payne, University of Missouri Extension Veterinarian, said the USDA National Animal Health Monitoring System survey suggests respiratory issues are the leading cause of mortality in preweaned beef calves 3 weeks of age or older. Furthermore, surveys of cow-calf producers from the United States and Canada suggest that respiratory disease in preweaning beef calves is recognized annually on 18 percent to 36 percent of operations. Payne said studies of pre-weaned calf pneumonia suggests no one pathogen predominates, and the pathogens involved are those commonly found in cattle that have respiratory disease in other phases of production, including viruses such as Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Bovine Virus Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) and bacteria, such as Manheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophilus somni. While pathogens are present for most calf respiratory diseases, oftentimes an environmental stressor is what lights the fuse. “Calves under stress, in close quarters and comingled with those from other places tend to be the most at-risk types. Unfortunately, many times all of these stresses come together at the same time, causing the outbreaks we always fear,” University of Missouri Extension Livestock Field Specialists Andy McCorkill explained. “The pathogens are commonly present, it just takes a stressor to bring them to the forefront. Usually, this happens around weaning, shipping, backgrounding or upon arrival at the feedlot.” The level of immunity will play a factor in respiratory ailments. Payne explained there are two common ages that respiratoMAY 4, 2020

ry issues typically appear in calves related to their immune level. “A large study using birth and health records from over 110,000 calves at the U.S .Meat Animal Research Center during a 20-year period revealed there are two time periods when preweaning calf pneumonia was most common; around 20 days of age and again at 140 days of age, with the latter being more common. It is believed calves with respiratory disease at 20 days of age are most likely a consequence of failure of passive transfer, meaning some calves failed to receive sufficient passive immunity from the dam’s colostrum and therefore are at higher risk of disease. The opposite is true for cases that occur around the later time period. These calves likely received sufficient passive immunity, but it drops below a protective level with age.” There are some strategies that can aid producers in boosting calf immunity, or at least manage it. “For stocker/backgrounding operations or others where cattle are frequently coming and going, it’s advisable to put new arrivals in a lot away from longer held cattle to reduce nose contact and the risk of disease transmission. A proper plan of nutrition will help and spreading out stresses such as castration and dehorning from weaning will help keep the immune system from being overloaded,” McCorkill advised. Calves suffering from respiratory ailments will typically display symptoms of depression, have a decreased appetite and will be slow to get to the feed bunk, have an increased respiratory rate and elevated temperature, and nasal discharge. A producer’s herd veterinarian should be contacted immediately if respiratory ailments are suspected so they can come up with a herd specific treatment plan. As always, prevention is the best cure.

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OFN May 4, 2020

Articles inside

Fighting respiratory issues in calves

Got runts? Take steps to repair them

Julie Turner-Crawford – Getting back to basics

Eye on Agribusiness highlights Spring Hollow Feed and Supply

Producing more pounds

Stabilizer genetics improve the Isaacs’ herd

Teddie Anderson continues her family’s Wagyu operation

The home of the famous Hooshburger

Three generations are promoting Beefalo

Jody Harris – Making the best of it