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A Piece of ‘Paradise’

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015• 40 PAGES

VOLUME 9, NUMBER 11 • WWW.OZARKSFN.COM

Andy and Hedwig Goldsmith moved from Texas and began their new life on the farm

Modern Methods, Old-Fashioned Values

Fall Bree Farmfest d, Productio& Sale Issu n e

Show Quality Swine The Hofschulte family produce champion stock at their Miami, Okla., operation

Jac’s Ranch started when Jack Shewmaker’s youngest daughter wanted a horse

The Value of TMRs in Beef Herds Offering Total Mixed Rations can make poor-quality feedstuffs more palatable

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

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rumor mill

Oklahoma Lawmaker Honored: The Oklahoma Cattlemen’s Association recently honored Rep. Jerry McPeak with the 2015 OCA Legislative Appreciation Award.

McPeak, who resides in Warner, Okla., was elected to the Oklahoma House of Representatives in 2005. He serves on many committees such as Appropriations and Budget, Energy and Natural Resources and Transportation. Additionally, during his career at Conners State Junior College, he coached several National Champion Intercollegiate Junior College Judging teams. He also raises show cattle.

Livestock Market Owner Dies: Danny Isaacs, 37, of Stilwell, Okla., died on Sept. 1, 2015 after a one-vehicle crash near Stilwell. Isaacs and his wife Elizabeth purchased the Stilwell Livestock Auction in 2008.

Chaney tapped for state-wide post: The University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture is adding a new echelon of expertise in an effort to bolster the impact of Cooperative Extension Service agents throughout the state. Hank Chaney, a veteran agriculture agent of more than 30 years, is now serving as the Area Agriculture Educator. The newly-established position is intended to “bridge the gap” between the division’s specialists. Chaney began his career with extension as the Prairie County agricultural agent in1982. From 1987 to 1990, he served as a rice verification coordinator, before accepting a position as the CEA in Faulkner County, serving in that position until earlier this year.

Teams Tie: For the first time in event history, two ranch teams tied in the overall standings in the Champion Range Roundup Team competition at the 31st annual Oklahoma Cattlemen’s Association Range Roundup. Buford Ranch and a combined team from the Hall Ranch and the Daube Cattle Company tied for state honors, but the team with the least amount of “no times” was Buford Ranches, which served as the tie breaker. The tie breaker was needed to determine what team will represent the OCA Range Round-Up at the Working Ranch Cowboys Association World Championship Rodeo in November.

The Ozarks Most Read Farm Newspaper

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

OzarksFarm

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@OzarksFarm

VOL. 9, NO. 11

JUST A THOUGHT

3 4

Jerry Crownover – Balle di fieno!

Jody Harris – A balance between work and fun

5 Julie Turner-Crawford – Another attack MEET YOUR NEIGHBORS

7 Couple finds their own piece

7 8

of ‘paradise’

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10 12

Reclaiming the Past

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Families flock to an Ozarks pumpkin farm each fall

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Producing champions at Hofschulte Show Pigs and Sires

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Town & County features Christy Greenwood

22 24

Putting the land first

Modern methods, old-fashioned values at Jac’s Ranch Eye on Agribusiness spotlights Wiley Sprayer Manufacuturing

Rural crime continues to be a problem in the Ozarks

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Livestock Market Founder Dies: Paul Vaughn, founder of the Benton County Sale Barn in Siloam Springs, Ark., died on Sept. 17, 2015. He opened the sale barn in 1990.

Scan Me Or Visit ozarksfn.com

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22 Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

26 Youth in Ag spotlights Darby Duncan FARM HELP 29 Reducing stress at weaning time can keep calves healthy, productive

30 31 32 33 34 35

Know your animal’s score

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Not your average hay season

The value of TMRs in beef herds Block or loose mineral?

Making the most out of your pastures Evaluate forages before winter arrives Lower birth weights aren’t always a good thing

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

just a

thought

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By Jerry Crownover

W

e have a teenager living in our revonas, wotwo rC yweeks rreJ yB house once again ago, through CIEE, we welcomed a foreign exchange student into Jerry Crownover is our home for the school year and a farmer and former it is proving to be an adventure for both him and us. professor of Agriculture Riccardo is from Italy and will be attending the Education at Missouri local high school; graduating next May. State University. He is a Being from a large city, this is his first experinative of Baxter County, ence with living in a rural area, not to mention Arkansas, and an the fact that, until now, he had never set foot author and professional on a farm. Luckily, the young man speaks pretty speaker. To contact Jerry, good English, since I only know two words in go to ozarksfn.com and Italian. And I say two very loosely, because ciao click on ‘Contact Us.’ translates as both hello and goodbye.

Even though Riccardo’s English is very good, he sometimes doesn’t know the right word (especially relating to farm terminology), so he will occasionally use the Italian word(s) if he doesn’t know the proper English translation. This was evident on our trip home from the airport when, as we passed farm after farm, he kept saying, “Balle di fieno!” Trying to be the good host parent, I would simply nod and smile.

I was amused because it reminded me of my one and only visit to a real Italian restaurant a few years ago in a large American city. Reading from a menu written in Italian, and speaking to a waiter who seemed to be Italian, I ordered an item that I’m pretty sure sounded like, “Blah, blah, blah,” to him.

The patient and courteous waiter wrote down my order on his pad, as he smiled and nodded. Sometime later, he returned with a dish that looked like glorified macaroni and cheese and said, “Signore, here is your blah, blah, blah. Enjoy!” It was delicious.

On day two of Riccardo’s time here, I received a call from one of my hay customers who wanted to come over and purchase a pickup load of small, square bales. I told

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479-846-1002 • Fax: 479-846-1003 E-mail: Member: editor@ozarksfn.com

Sandra Coffman President

Administrative Eric Tietze, Vice-President Operations Kathy Myers, Marketing Manager Sandra Coffman, Accounting Advertising Pete Boaz, Display & Classified Sales Kathy Myers, Production Sales Circulation Stan Coffman, Circulation Editorial Julie Turner-Crawford, Managing Editor Jerry Crownover, Columnist Jody Harris, Columnist Production Amanda Newell, Production Contributors Gary Digiuseppe, Katrina Hine, Klaire Howerton and Terry Ropp.

About the Cover Andy and Hedwig Goldsmith moved from Texas and began their new life on the farm. Read more on page 7.

Photo by Terry Ropp Ozarks Farm & Neighbor accepts story suggestions from readers. Story information appears as gathered from interviewees. Ozarks Farm & Neighbor assumes no responsibility for the credibility of statements made by interviewees. © Copyright Ozarks Farm & Neighbor, Inc., 2015.

All rights reserved. Printed in USA.

— Continued on Page 6

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just a thought

Freshly Picked

By Jody Harris

T

he last summer holiday weekend doesn’t always include a trip to the beach or Jody Harris is a freelance river. Sometimes it doesn’t even include communications specialist, a backyard barbecue or pool party. gardener, ranch wife and Labor Day weekend wouldn’t be propmother of four. She and erly celebrated in our household if it didn’t include her family raise Angus beef some “labor.” This year’s long weekend provided cattle and other critters on plenty of time for goofing off. The kids got off the their northwest Arkansas school bus Friday afternoon with some friends from ranch. She is a graduate school. I’ve decided our home will always have “exof Missouri State University. tra” kids in it and that’s alright with me. The girls To contact Jody, go to got out the horse and rode double to get as many ozarksfn.com and click on rides in as possible. The neighbor boys came down ‘Contact Us.’ the hill and the party ensued at the playhouse.

Saturday morning found my husband and our boys up before daylight prepared for opening day of dove hunting season. They were meeting up at another farm with one of our “town” friends and his son. It was a morning full of hunting, snacks and juice boxes. The kids loved their first bird hunt with dad, even if the day started in the dark.

My day started early too. We are working on a remodel project at our house that includes a mud and laundry room joining the garage. The cabinetmaker asked if they could come early to do the installation. By early, he meant before 6 a.m. Didn’t matter, the dove hunters had already started my day early. This was a wet blanket on the girls’ slumber party upstairs. Chocolate chip pancakes and bacon fixed some grumpy moods. Then I took the friends home.

The dove hunters arrived home by noon, exhausted. The party continued with our “town” friends’ family coming to ride the horse and motorcycles. We were treated to grilled dove and laid up on the couch to kick off the first Razorback football game of the season. Woo Pig Sooie!

Sunday was my husband’s birthday. The kids baked him a favorite sheet cake and created homemade artwork to decorate their dad’s celebration. They were happy to show off on their motorcycles for their uncle later that day as they raced one another around our front yard.

Labor Day started out early with the family cleaning out the garden. The weeds had taken over most of it and all the trellises and tomato cages had to be stored for winter. It’s a whole lot more fun planting it than it is tearing it all out. About halfway through pulling weeds my husband startled me with a, “watch out for that snake!” There was no snake. I was on edge the rest of the morning.

We sprayed weeds around the fence rows and flower beds – a never-ending battle. Every time the kids thought we were finished, another chore popped up. The deer feeders were set out and filled with corn to prepare for fall hunting. The farm RTV had a flat tire over at another farm and my husband had to call a neighbor to bring an air compressor to fix it. I was busy at home working my way through a mountain of laundry.

Our Labor Day weekend was a balance of work and fun. The United States Department of Labor declares, “The first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American workers. It constitutes a yearly national tribute to the contributions workers have made to the strength, prosperity, and well-being of our country.” I hope your hardworking family celebrated too, neighbor.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

just a thought

Across the Fence

By Julie Turner-Crawford

N

estled between a report on the best headphones and finding “hidden helpers” in your smart phone in the October edition of Consumer Julie Turner-Crawford Reports, which boasts itself as the is a native of Dallas world’s largest independent, non­profit consumer­ County, Mo., where she product t­ esting organization, is a troubling “study.” grew up on her family’s The publication’s cover story for the issue is a farm. She is a graduate study claiming that the ground beef consumers of Missouri State buy at the store is filled with hazardous bacteria, University. To contact which is caused by conventional methods of finJulie, call 1-866-532-1960 ishing a beef on corn, soy and other feed sources, or by email at editor@ and the meat has the potential to make people ozarksfn.com. “seriously ill.” However, it states that grass-finished, organically raised cattle have a lower probability of harmful bacteria and is less likely to make consumers ill.

It is unfortunate that Consumer Reports offered this misleading information to the millions of people who trust its scientist, reporters and editors to offer nonbiased opinions about products that are on the market. Beef industry advocates have expressed concern over the study because it “misleads consumers into thinking that organic and/or grass­fed beef is safer.” According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, “organic” and “grass­fed” labels do not imply any additional safety factor.

Consumer Reports claims that the contamination of the ground beef comes from cattle being pumped full of hormones and antibiotics before being moved to overcrowded feed lots, then processed through industrial processing plants that sometimes lack proper cleaning procedures of the carcasses because of the sheer number of animals that are slaughtered at those plants daily. Grass-finished cattle, however, are treated more humanely and not force fed feed items that they cannot properly digest.

The cattle are slaughtered, typically, at smaller facilities where they are treated more humanely at the time of slaughter, according to the report.

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Bake for 45 minutes at 350 degrees.

Know a Good Recipe? Send in your favorite recipe to share with our readers. Mail them to: PO Box 1319, Lebanon, MO 65536; fax them to: 417-532-4721; or email them to: editor@ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

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just a thought Across the Fence

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Continued from Previous Page The most common bacteria found in ground beef? E­coli 0157­H7. What the publication fails to mention is that it is naturally occurring in warm-blooded mammals, including humans.

For its study, the publication purchased 458 pounds of ground beef, both conventionally finished and grass finished/organic, from 26 locations across the country, including large chains, big box and natural food stores. In its testing, Consumer Reports found that all 458 pounds tested positive for bacteria enterococcus and/or non­ toxin­ producing e.Coli that signified fecal contamination, even the beef that was grass finished. Almost 20 percent of the samples contained the C. perfringens, 10 percent tested positive for a stain of S. aureus bacteria. Only 1 percent tested positive for salmonella.

That might sound scary, but those pathogens can be eliminated through proper handling of raw meat, by cooking the meat to the proper temperature and by not leaving food out all day before refrigerating.

Consumer Reports does state that proper cooking and handling will eliminate the bacteria, but the damage is done to agriculture.

One area the report does not address is the handling of ground beef after it leaves the processing facility. Workers at the fa-

cilities are trained in the proper handling of the carcasses and the end product. However, those who work at the supermarkets and the big box stores won’t always have that same training. Maybe Consumer Reports should do a study on how many people who work in the food handling/service industry actually wash their hands before returning to work after using the bathroom.

It appears that Consumer Reports is laying the blame of ground beef-­relatedfood­borne illnesses on farmers who do not follow a grass-­ finished program. I have met some folks who are believers in the grass-­finished philosophy and it is just one more segment in agriculture that I am proud to advocate for, but this study pits one cattleman against another.

Will the beef industry survive this report?

Yes. Will people still slap some burgers on the grill? Yes. But we, as beef advocates, will have to continue to remind consumers that we strive to produce the highestquality and safest food in the world each and every day – and to cancel their subscription to Consumer Reports.

Life Is Simple Continued from Page 3 her I would meet her at the barn in a few minutes and I’d get her loaded. I asked Riccardo if he wanted to go along with me and help load hay bales. He was eager to go, but I could tell that he might not have understood what we were going to do, because he smiled and nodded much like I had those many years ago at the Italian restaurant.

When we arrived at the barn on the UTV (Riccardo loves to drive the vehi-

6

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

cle, since he is not old enough to drive in his native country), the hay customer was backing up to the barn. When we stepped inside, he looked at the stack of hay and pointed to a bale and said, “Ah, Balle di fieno!” Now, both he and I knew what he had been saying on the trip home.

When the lady’s truck was even with the stack of hay and ready to load, I looked at Riccardo and said, “Balle di fieno, times 30, on the truck. Enjoy!”

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your

neighbors

A Piece of ‘Paradise’

By Terry Ropp

Andy and Hedwig Goldsmith moved from Texas and began Mountain Valley Cattle Company Andy and Hedwig Goldsmith moved from Texas to Hackett, Ark., Andy’s childhood home, in 2010 to create a “grandkid paradise” for their combined six children and 18 grandchildren.

Hedwig said, “We have a big house, but when everybody’s here we’re happily squeezed into close quarters.”

in the cutting edge of breed development, the Goldsmith’s are raising miniature Herefords after starting with three heifers, one bull and a cow in Texas in 2009. The herd is still small with 14 mamas, two first-year heifers and three bulls. One bull is active, but will soon be retired and replaced by two younger ones, the results of using AI and excellent genetics. These younger bulls are

Andy Goldsmith and his wife, Hedwig, returned to his childhood home in Arkansas in 2010. The couple raises Miniature Herefords and other animals.

Photo by Terry Ropp

The foundation for this “paradise” was key in development plans for an eventual the purchase of 135 acres for the devel- herd size of 40 or more mommas. When opment of the Mountain Valley Cattle Andy’s father saw his son’s starter herd, he Company and 40 acres for conservation just shook his head and said, “Son, you’re going in the wrong direction.” and recreational use.

Obviously, Andy disagrees.

The Goldsmith family geMiniature Herefords have nealogy traces their ancestral been bred to regain the development of the Montbéoriginal 1800s size when liarde dairy/beef breed in the they were first imported from early 1700s. Now it is one of Hackett, Ark. England, with one exception. the predominant breeds in The newer animals are longer France and popular throughwhile maintaining the original out the world. Still interested SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

width. This breed can produced highly marbled, Premium Plus grade meat with smaller steaks and roasts which are highly sought after by the restaurant business. The superior quality meat is produced by fattening with high-quality feed for three months.

The breed forages as, well as grazes.

“My pastures contain forest as well as grassland, and my cattle choose to spend one-third of their time in the woods which may be a contributing factor in their strong disease resistance. So far I have had no pinkeye or other issues,” Andy said.

In addition, because of their small size, land can support twice as many animals and they half as much hay, grass and feed. In fact, it is cheaper for Andy to buy his hay than raise his own.

As they mature, the Miniature Herefords maintain a gentle temperament, so much so that Andy’s breeding bull does not have to be placed into a squeeze chute to be worked.

The Goldsmith’s are Mormon which means a lifestyle that promotes independence and self proficiency. What that means in terms of their farm is that they raise other animals to meet that expectation. They have heritage Red Wattle hogs, an American breed from the 1700s that almost became extinct. This breed forages and produces lean, red meat with a creamy texture. The Goldsmith hogs are fed the same ration as the cattle. Currently they have three pregnant sows, one boar and several youngsters being raised for meat.

They plan to butcher four of the projected 30 to 40 piglets, then sell the rest for meat and breeding stock. Four customers are waiting to purchase breeding stock while two want meat. The Goldsmith’s use a local processor for their pigs, although Andy prefers to wet cure and smoke his own bacon and ham, which ties into their Mormon belief system.

Other animals on the farm include goats, chickens, ducks used for eggs and meat in addition to one Jersey cow for fresh milk.

A Mormon practice is maintaining a personal food stock that will last six to eight people for a year. Therefore Hedwig built a pantry filled with self-packaged and canned items including flour, fruits and vegetables along with beans and grains.

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Modern Methods, Old-Fashioned Values

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Jac’s Ranch started when Jack Shewmaker’s youngest daughter wanted a horse

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Photo by Katrina Hine

Jack Shewmaker thought outside of the box, a trait noticed by Sam Walton AG and CE who hired Jack over US Dealers a cup of coffee at a diner. He quickly moved through the Wal-Mart executive ranks but he never forgot his rural roots.

He and wife, Melba, have three children: Daniel, Shari and Emily. When Shari was a teenager, she asked for a horse; little did they know this would pave the way to building one of the largest purebred Angus herds in Arkansas.

Pat Haley is the The Shewmaker’s purmanager of chased 40 acres outside Jac’s Ranch near of Bentonville, Ark., but Bentonville, Ark. soon realized that keeping the grass down would require another strategy.

As the story goes, Melba took a lot of miles and man-hours to get and her dad bought some Polled Her- the ranch’s name and reputation estabefords for their acreage, later adding a lished, traveling to stock shows and state few Angus. Care for cattle fell to Melba fairs throughout the region. and Shari during the week until Jack took In 1999, Pat Haley joined the ranch, over on weekends. taking over herd marketing, then movJack soon realized the growth potential of ing to herd manager in 2003. Pat grew the stocky short-legged Angus breed. The up around cattle and graduated from family made a concerted effort to purchase Oklahoma State University. His knack purebred Angus stock and by for identifying quality characthe early 1980s it had grown Bentonville, Ark. teristics is focused on develinto an operation now known oping cattle with optimal as Jac’s Ranch. In 1985, they calving ease and stable weanbought the entire Garney Aning weights, which is imporgus herd from Afton, Okla., tant to today’s cattle producer. setting the course to producIn 2010, Jack died suddenly of ing high-quality Angus beef. It a massive heart attack, never the

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your neighbors less; the passion for quality-tested cattle essary for the cattle to be efficient and continues under the oversight of his son, sound,” Pat said.

Daniel and continued herd manageAnother trait at the forefront, espement of Pat, who notes that while they cially for small producers, is docility. still utilize traditional herd management This trait is difficult to track with few techniques, the ranch has moved into the markers; however, advances in genetic new age of genetic testing. testing are making it easier to predict The biggest issue for retailers is the con- cattle behavior. Pat contends that cattle sistency of the final beef product. Unlike behavior is dependent on how they are poultry and pork which are raised in a handled but when stupid one slips in, controlled environment, cattle acclimated they are removed from the herd. to one environment As the herds age, may not thrive in they are sold to “We try to sell another, affecting evbring in younger erything from weight genetics, for incattle that are gain to calving. stance, the whole “We try to sell 2010 herd will be to cattle that are adaptsold. There are able to our part of no issues with the the world. The big- our part of the world. herd since probgest problem is that lem cows have althe grass is pretty The biggest problem ready been culled. hard and low qualSimply improving is that the ity. The terrain is the genetics of the rocky and harsh, the herd is cost effecweather goes from tive in the long hot and humid to run. If you have a cold and wet,” Pat poor bull with your added. “The three herd consider the . The most important value of that lost traits we evaluate for calf crop. is how conditioned “My Grandpa alare the cattle, maxiways told me the , the mization of low birth fastest way to imweight and the abilweather goes from prove your herd is ity to thrive on less with a good bull,” than ideal grass.”

Pat said. “That bull hot and humid to They use all the will affect more scientific tools than half your calf cold and wet.” available to make crop.” the beef as predictThe ranch feeds –Pat Haley able as possible. out 200 of their own The ranch relies cattle, giving them a heavily on genetic testing for more than snapshot of where the cattle are in quality 180,000 trait markers. Nearly every ani- from hoof to rack. Steers are evaluated to mal is tested on a scale of 1 to 100, with determine if the ranches’ breeding strategy 1 being the best and 100 being the worst. needs adjusting. Sending their own cattle Genetic testing in the beef industry has to market is the best measurement of their been around for about five years com- breeding success. pared to the dairy industry, which is light Pat has been with the ranch 16 years years ahead in testing. The future points and is a testament that the family operato even better DNA testing, allowing tion still runs on basic core values. producers to make informed decisions.

“We take our guarantee to heart,” Pat “The majority of our customers have states, “Jack would never stand for us to a cow herd of about 30 cows, and they be anything but honest and transparent often have outside jobs, making it nec- with our customers.”

adaptable

grass is pretty hard and low quality terrain is rocky and harsh

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RED CLOVERS

60 GAINER III MIX, Not Coated 90% 1.98

Inoc., 80% Red, 121/2% Ladino

Inoc., Not Coated, 87% Red Clover, 12.5% Ladino, 5.5% Alsike

60 GAINER II MIX 60 KENSTAR

90% 1.96 92% 1.94

Forage, Inoc., Not Coated 50 KENLAND, Cert., Raw 50 MEDIUM RED, Raw

90% 2.18 1.84 50 MAMMOTH RED CLOVER, Raw 1.82

Wt. Lbs.

FESCUE

50 KY-31, Cert. & “Fungus Free”

90% 4.06 3.84

Inoc., Not Coated, Big Leaf, Excellent Re-Growth

50 LADINO “ROYAL”

90% 3.86 3.64

Inoc., Not Coated 50 ALSIKE, Perennial 90% 2.68 50 WHITE CLOVER, “Nitro” 3.96 3.76 25 DURANA, White Clover,

ASK Coated, 65% Purity 50 SWEET, Yellow Blossom 88% 1.88 1.68 50 SWEET, White Blossom 82% 3.44 3.24 50 ARROWLEAF, Yuchi, Winter Annual 1.78 Coated, 65% Purity 50 CRIMSON, Winter Annual 90% 1.29 1.06 50 BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL, Norcen 4.18 3.92

ALFALFAS

60 COMMON SENSE

90%

3.64 3.34

Inoc., Not Coated, Superior Blend (Liberty, Buffalo, 1035)

50 1035 VARIETY 90% 3.54 3.34 Disease Resistant 50 VERNAL,Winter Hardy, Cert.

3.48 3.28 50 HAYGRAZER, Inoc., Not Coated 3.94 50 CIMARRON, VL400, Inoc., Not Coated 3.94 50 America’s Roundup Ready® 7.36 Coated 35%

GRAINS

Bu.

Bag

50 COLDGRAZER RYE 17.90 Strain Cross, Grows to 40 Degrees!

50 TRITICALE 18.96

Tamacale 5019, Rye x Wheat Cross

50 WHEAT, Forage Maxx, “Grazing Wheat” 14.45 50 WHEAT, Cover Crop 13.65 50 WHEAT, Cert. Bess 13.90 50 BOB OATS, Winter Annual 16.45 48 BARLEY, Winter Annual 15.80

GRAIN ADDITIVES

50 WINTER PEA, Austrian

50 HAIRY VETCH, Winter Legume 50 TURNIPS, Purple Top

50 TURNIPS, 7-Top

50 RADISH, Daikon

SAVE YOUR SEED SAMPLE

.84 .64 1.88 1.68 1.88 1.48 1.94 1.64 1.84 1.44

SUBJECT TO PRIOR SALE

Only $10.00 Per Acre Difference!

Bag Lb.

91% 1.48

50 KY-31 91% 1.12 50 KY-32, Fungus Free, Cert.

91% 1.48 50 FAST PASTURE MIX, Cattle/Horses 90% 1.58

Hulled Orchard Grass, Fungus-Free KY-31 Fescue, Perennial Ryegrass & Timothy 50 ESTANCIA, Ark. Release

ASK 25 BAR OPTIMA E34, Soft Leaf

ASK MAX Q II, Endo. Friendly ASK

OTHER CLOVERS

50 LADINO, “JUMBO”

Total Germ.

ORCHARD GRASS Add A Legume!

50 ARID, Drought Tolerant 90% 2.48 50 POTOMAC, Disease Resistant 90% 2.38 50 FAST PASTURE MIX 90% 1.58

Hulled Orchard Grass, Fungus-Free Fescue, KY-31 Fescue, Perennial Ryegrass & Timothy

FIELD GRASSES

50 ABUNDANT 92% .62

Tetraploid Annual Ryegrass

50 BROME, Sow with alfalfa!

3.16

Southland, “The high protein grass.”

50 TIMOTHY, For horses 90% 1.48 50 PERENNIAL RYEGRASS, Best-for Plus 92% 1.06 50 ANNUAL RYEGRASS, Gulf Type .58 50 REEDS CANARY, Palaton

7.98 50 RED TOP, Limited

6.95

DEER PLOT

Bulk Lb.

Bag

60 DEER PLOT MIX 1.36 1.16

1 Bag Plants 1/2 Acre: Coldgrazer Rye, Winter Oat, Alfalfa, Clover, Turnips, Radish, Chicory 50 CHICORY, “6 Point” Peren.

4.92 4.72 60 ALFALFA, Common Sense 3.64 3.34 50 BUCKWHEAT, Apr.-Aug. 1.17 .97 50 PEAS, Winter .84 .64 50 RAPE - BRASSICA, Canola 1.30 1.10

50 RADISH - DAIKON 1.84 1.44 50 TURNIPS, Purple Top 1.94 1.48 50 TURNIPS, 7-Top 1.94 1.64 50 TURNIPS, Barkant 3.38 2.98 50 PEREDOVIK SUNFLOWER 1.07 .87 50 SUGAR BEETS 6.46 6.26 50 JAPANESE MILLET 1.14 .94 50 COWPEAS, Red Ripper, Limited 1.38 1.18

Nixa Hardware Company warrants to the extent of the purchase price that seeds sold are as described on the container within recognized tolerances. Seller gives no other or further warranty expressed or implied. Prices/Germination subject to change without notice. We reserve the right to limit quantities.

Nixa, Missouri

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ozarks

roots

the people, places and traditions that make the ozarks home Photos by Terry Ropp

Reclaiming the Past

Alvin Derby, left, and Mike Freels established the Washington County Cemetery Preservation Group.

By Terry Ropp

Group works to rediscover county’s rural cemeteries

Alvin Derby began exploring old cemeteries during his childhood.

Many people love to drive through the countryside often passing abandoned, unkempt cemeteries. Occasionally they will even get out of their cars and roam around, looking for the oldest legible stone, only to return to the car discussing what they have seen until a new topic comes up and they’re off in another direction.

What most people don’t realize, unless they are seeking the grave of a specific family member, is that these small, mostly unnoticed cemeteries are in danger of disappearing through lack of maintenance and continuous deterioration caused by plant growth as well as both domestic and wild animals. What is also being lost is replaceable history.

Alvin Derby of Lincoln, Ark., was aware of these precious and interesting sites since his early childhood in New Hampshire.

He would go logging with his father and explore abandoned farms and cemeteries, a process he has continued for 50 years.

10

“Walking through old cemeteries is like opening a history book only through location rather than words,” Alvin said.

Alvin moved to Arkansas in 1977 and several years ago teamed up with Mike Freels from Gentry, Ark., who was a member of a Benton County group established in 1996 dedicated to preserving old and mostly forgotten cemeteries in the county.

After observing more than 100 similar cemeteries in Washington County, Mike and Alvin decided to establish the Washington County (Ark.) Cemetery Preservation Group in November 2013, modeling it after the Benton County group. The first meeting took place in the Fayetteville Public Library with the help of Susan Young from the Shiloh Museum in Springdale, Ark. By spring of 2014 they had gathered enough board members to begin regular public meetings four times a year in different locations to allow for greater and more convenient public access.

The group, now with more than 40 members, recently received 501(c)(3) or nonprofit status. They are beginning the grant writing process. A current grant application for $2,000 to $9,000 focuses on Black Oak Cemetery near Greenland, Ark. This cemetery is appropriate for a first grant application by already being on the list of National Historical Places since 1998 due to the discovery of the grave of John Alexander (1777-1860), the first Arkansas Territory Representative. This off the beaten path cemetery also contains the graves of several Civil War veterans.

A recent visit to the Black Oak site reveals the complexity of the issues involved in cemetery restoration. First, these ne-

to discover their information was not detailed enough. After a justifiably upset landowner concerned about trespassing and vandalism discovered who they were and what they wanted, the group was welcomed and records were updated so anyone else wishing to visit the cemetery will know exactly what procedures to follow.

Updates concerning these obscure cemeteries are continuous, and the group will gladly share information so land owners’ legal and ethical rights will be protected and the relationship between the land owners and the preservation group will remain friendly and cooperative.

Second, overgrown vegetation hides many graves, which can be unknow-

“

Walking through old cemeteries is like opening a history book only through location rather than words – Alvin Derby glected cemeteries are often located in the middle of private land and highly inaccessible with each requiring different procedures for legal and appropriate entrance.

During this visit, the group followed what they thought was proper procedure only

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

ingly disrespected and easily damaged.

Further, randomly removing that vegetation can be counterproductive because the group serves to preserve what may well have been species planted at the time of the original burial. Third, grave SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

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stone restoration is a technical process that requires prior training as well as appropriate materials. To meet that educational need, the group is offering workshops on this process and other pertinent topics. Mike said, “Even though many gravestones have partially or completely obliterated inscriptions, they still must be preserved and cared for as part of our goal to restore these old sites honorably and ethically.”

As part of becoming an Eagle Scout, one Fayetteville, Ark., teen recently worked with his family and some the conservation group in the Johnson Cemetery east of Sonora, near Springdale, Ark. They cleared out brush and small cedars as well as cutting branches and mowing. Though foliage will inevitably sprawl again, an important initial step has been taken.

Another aspect to the preservation process is adding information to other local and/or national databases such as Find a Grave which contains more than 1 million photographs to help genealogists and interested family members find graves.

Pieces of history such as migration patterns or family dispersion can be traced through the location of grave sites.

“We are now actively seeking more new members, donations and willing hands, whether individuals or groups, to actively help in the process and perhaps maintain sites afterwards,” Mike said.

“We have both a website and a Facebook page to help people find us and participate in our county-wide effort.”

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agri-business meeting the needs of farmers

Wiley Sprayer Manufacturing Owner: Raymond Wiley Assistant Manager: Bruce Shipley (Below) Location: Atkins, Ark. History: “The business began when a man in charge of spraying levees and his own farm was unable to find a durable and cost-conscious unit,” said assistant manager Bruce Shipley. “Consequently, Raymond Wiley built his own using a round tank for strength and durability, a calibrated brass nozzle for corrosion resistance and accurate chemical application per acre and a low spray pattern for accurate application control. Later, a neighbor asked Raymond to build one for use on his own farm.

The company was founded soon after, replacing Raymond’s previous seed and grain store. The design has changed little since its development over 30 years ago. The business is strongly Christian and family-based. Raymond’s son Larry runs the business and my brother and a local Baptist preacher work here as well but get Fridays off to prepare for Sunday.”

Products and Services: “We sell multipurpose sprayers for pastures, levees, hay fields and fence rows,” Shipley said. “We carry nine sizes ranging from a 65 gallon tank to a 750 gallon one. Application can be made from a utility vehicle with a self-contained battery operated unit for spot spraying or spraying smaller areas or from tractors using a three-point hitch or trail behind hitch.

Because we want to ensure durability and ease of calibration, we make our own nozzles. So customers can pick the unit that best meets their needs, we have a website with specifications.

“Our business may appear to be seasonal but is actually year round. Spring brings the expected heavy sales for fertilizer and weed application. Summer brings customers needing pest control for issues such as army worms while late summer and fall are busy with a newly developed market in Forestry and Game and Fish because that is when they get their annual monies. Finally, winter is used for preparing for the next spring’s rush.”

Story and Photo

By Terry Ropp

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your neighbors

Family Fun at the Farm

By Gary Digiuseppe

A true family affair at the Schaefers and Collins Pumpkin Farm each fall For the last generation, thousands of kids and their parents have flocked every fall to the Schaefers and Collins Pumpkin Farm near Mayflower, Ark. In addition to experiencing the thrill of riding the hay wagon to the pumpkin patch, where they can pick out their own gourds to be carved into Jack-OLanterns, they can play games, chal-

“The first year, I can remember we did 50 kids, and we thought we were really doing something. Now, we’re at 6,000-plus a year on the school kids alone.”

It’s truly a family affair. Darryl’s parents, Bob and Pat Schaeffers, have been farming the operation since 1974; Darryl works at Hendrix College, and on the farm along with his younger brother Chris. They grow row crops, and have

The Schaefers and Collins Pumpkin Farm began 18 years ago near Mayflower, Ark. Lisa Schaefers

lenge the corn maze, and buy farm-fresh some cattle. While Darryl, Lisa, and treats. And the families that put on the Lisa’s parents, Wendell and Shelby Colannual festival always make sure there’s lins, take care of the vegetable operasomething new for their annual visitors. tion and the pumpkin patch, Chris, his Lisa Schaefers and her husband Darryl wife Debbie, and their daughter Angela were already growing vegetables and di- maintain another agri-attraction just up the road, a corn maze. This rect selling them to consumyear, Chris and Debbie have ers when, 18 years ago, they also opened a refurbished got the idea for the pumpkin Mayflower, Ark. machine shed for business as patch. a wedding barn, and have al“When we first started trying ready hosted a dozen nuptials. to do the pumpkins, it was just a trial and error thing,” Lisa — Continued on Next Page told Ozarks Farm & Neighbor.

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

13

meet your neighbors Family Fun at the Farm Continued from Previous Page Debbie told OFN that 2015 is the 11th year for the corn maze.

“You have to plan on what kind of design you want to make,” she explained.

“Then you send it off to the guy who cuts it out, and we OK it.” They plant the corn late in the season, around the first of July, and the custom maze carver cuts out the maze in late August; it’s open until the end of October.

Debbie Schaefers said this year’s theme is patriotic, with a Liberty Bell, an American flag and an eagle interwoven within the patterns. They get anywhere from 1,500 to 3,000 visitors in a season.

Most are from nearby towns, she said, but some travel from Fayetteville, Ark. and they even get visitors from other countries, many of them exchange students that come here. And yes, their

There are also pony rides, face painting, train rides, a fishing pond, and arts and crafts.

“We brainstorm, and sometimes our brainstorms get a little wild,” she explained. The main activity site relocated last year from where the wedding barn stands and includes a bigger playground area for children. And there’s plenty of food at the concession stand.

Lisa was a special education teacher in Mayflower, Ark., and when she had her first son, she decided to return to the farm. At the time it was strictly a vegetable operation; she said the produce is picked daily and includes spring crops.

Business has been increasing, especially after the completion of the new Conway Municipal Airport in the nearby Lollie Bottoms.

The U.S. pumpkin market is regarded as limited and

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guests occasionally get lost. “Usually, you can find your way out,” she said.

“Our first year, we had a couple that got lost. They were out there a while and didn’t want any help, and then finally we helped them out.”

Meanwhile, her sister-in-law was busy building new attractions for the pumpkin patch. Every few moments, Lisa talks about yet another activity. There’s a petting zoo, with young animals she procures herself; she either sells them to visitors during the festival, or markets them afterwards. There are a number of photo ops, like a giant chair in which people can pose, and a recreation of a Model A roadster, all built out of salvaged items like scrap wood and barrels.

Next year, they plan an Amish buggy made out of cornstalks.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

“I cannot grow enough purple-hulled peas in the spring,” she said. “We sell a lot of those, and cranberry beans and sweet corn.”

The workload picks up as the fall festival nears.

“We put in from daylight to dark, way before we open up, from the end of May till the first part of November,” Lisa said.

It involves “lots of decorating; you have to have your vines going good and green, lots of fruit for them to pick out in the fields.”

Buses full of schoolchildren will arrive from throughout central Arkansas; she said she keeps the price low, so the families and kids can get a good deal.

“They get a hay ride, a pumpkin of their choice, and play all day long for five bucks a head,” she said, and added their plans for the future are, “Just keep getting bigger and bigger; that’s what I want to do.”

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

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Show Quality Swine

By Terry Ropp

The Hofschulte family produce champion stock at their Miami, Okla., operation Phil Hofschulte of Miami, Okla., was an agriculture teacher for 29 years in Wyandotte, Okla., retiring in 2013. He and his wife Jan own and lease 600 acres, the base of operations for Hofschulte Show Pigs and Sires, as well as a commercial cattle herd.

The couple met after a Wyandotte football game when Phil came in from a typical late-night of working with students.

“Nothing has changed,” Jan said. “He’s still never in the house until after dark.”

Nick owns his own insurance agency but contributes by taking pictures and writing captions for advertising.

“The change made sense. Marketing is the key to staying alive and the younger generation has the technology savvy to take advantage of all the options,” Phil said.

In addition to advertising in major show pig magazines, the Hofschulte operation has four online sales in the spring and four in the fall supported by a website and a Facebook page with continual updates to

Phil Hofschulte of Miami, Okla., and his family operate Hofschulte Show Pigs and Sires. They sell show pigs, as well as semen from their nine breeding boars.

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Photos by Terry Ropp

Recently Phil and Jan have turned over most of the Duroc, Yorkshire and crossbred show pig operation to their children.

Younger son Chris is the production manager while daughter Natalie specializes in being a consultant for their show pig customers. The brother and sister also do most of the daily care. Eldest son

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

keep people interested. Phil described an incident where they posted a cute picture on Facebook of a 2-day old pig only to reMiami, Okla. ceive a call the next day from a buyer who wanted to purchase the newborn at a very good price.

Because Phil was concerned about the SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your neighbors risks before weaning, he declined to sell but later sold it after weaning for considerably more.

“Online presence gets people to call and most of our sales are online with the pigs going to more almost 40 states,” Phil said.

The pigs are usually sold between 8 and 12 weeks old, at 40 to 70 pounds with 90 percent going to FFA and 4H members for exhibition.

In addition to selling show pigs, the Hofschultes also sell semen from their nine breeding boars.

They also use this semen to AI their 40 sows, occasionally purchasing semen from other breeders. Conception rate with their own semen is 90 percent while it is only 65 percent from purchase semen which Phil believes is due to unavoidable shipping issues.

The $16,000 high-selling boar at the National Barrow Show, Big League, is one of their breeding boars and has proven to be highly productive. One of his progeny won Reserve Grand Champion 4-H Market Hog at the Missouri State Fair, while another was the Division I Champion Crossbred Gilt at the Indiana State Fair. In addition the top nine pigs at their local county fair were raised by them and seven were sired by Big League.

The Hofschulte facilities include outside areas for gestation, a double L farrowing house used for three weeks until weaning when they are placed in a nursery for additional three weeks before being moved to a woodchip barn where people can see them. All of the pigs are fed high-quality rations under optimum conditions in order to produce the best muscle, hide and overall appearance possible.

Phil is especially pleased to use a feed line for his gestating sows and boars made by a company named Ralco out of Minnesota because that line was designed by a former student named Russell Fent, who went to work for the company after earning a PhD in animal nutrition. Hofschulte health protocols include giving newborns an iron shot to compensate for being raised indoors and microplasma and circ-virus vaccines at weaning with a booster two to three weeks later. Sows and boars are given worm and SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Phil Hofschulte and his family own Hofschulte Show Pigs and Sires.

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parasite control injections as well as leptoparvo vaccines twice a year.

Phil served as a livestock judge for up to 30 counties at one time and still judges in five to six counties a year.

“What I see happening is pigs bred for a wider skeleton and shorter hip win shows even though that structure is too stout for easy birthing,” Phil said. “It might make more sense for winning show hogs to more closely resemble their commercial cousins while maintaining the special qualities of show hogs in muscling, hide, and attractive appearance.”

Phil’s commercial cattle herd is comprised of 200 contracted cattle sold at 800 pounds and 150 Angus/Simmental mommas serviced by eight bulls: two Charlois, three Angus, one Maine Angus and one SimAngus.

“The combination produces improved fertility and growth while maintaining a black hide,” Phil said.

Phil sells steers at 800 pounds by contract or at the local sell barn while developing the heifers to sell as bred heifers.

“Being flexible is important because responding to markets makes money,” Phil added. “I recently sold steers at 600 pounds because I made as much money as they would have if I had waited and then got to start with another group earlier.”

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ANDERSON ..................... 700 71 Hwy W Outer Rd ........................................................................... (417) 436-3333 FREISTATT ....................... 524 N Main St ............................................................................................. (417) 235-7279 HARRISON....................... 3440 Hwy 65 S ........................................................................................... (870) 741-4915 JEFFERSON CITY ............ Junction 50 & 63........................................................................................(573) 455-2353 LEBANON........................ 1001 Deere Ln .............................................................................................(417) 532-2011 NIXA ................................ Hwy 160 and CC .........................................................................................(417) 724-2226 ROGERSVILLE ................. 4655 E Hwy 60 ........................................................................................... (417) 881-2677 ROLLA.............................. 11875 County Rd 3080..............................................................................(573) 368-2011 WEST PLAINS ................. 3285 N US Hwy 63 ..................................................................................... (417) 256-7127 1Offer ends October 30, 2015. Subject to approved installment credit with John Deere Financial and for agricultural use only. Sales made to government agencies, company direct sales or other businesses/agencies that participate in John Deere’s Special Discount Program or in John Deere’s Rental Business Program are not eligible. Some restrictions apply; other special rates and terms may be available, so see your dealer for details and other financing options. It is available only on new equipment and only at participating United States dealers; Prices, models, and savings may vary by dealer and are in U.S. dollars. 2Offer ends October 30, 2015. Available only on new equipment and only at participating United States dealers. $3,000 USD cash bonus is in lieu of financing offers. Prices, models, and savings may vary by dealer and are in U.S. dollars.

3Manufacturer’s estimate of power (ISO) per 97/68/EC. LFL4x60928OFA-4C

LarsonJD.com

Annual Production Sale

Reg: 16880267 Selling a September 2016 heifer pregnancy from Coleman Donna 0240

by Tour of Duty

November 7, 2015

12 PM at the farm - Hermitage, MO

- 75 Bulls SELLING... Yearling Bulls

Coming Two-Year-Old Bulls

- 40 Females -

Fall Pairs Spring Bred Cows with calves Show Heifers & Donor Prospects 100 Commercial heifers bred to Western Cut & Investment

Reg: 15844192 Sandpoint Lucy 7849 will sell bred to Tour of Duty - due in April

Robb, Ashley, Whitley & Shiloh Pitts 417-399-3131 • pittsangusfarms@yahoo.com Maurice & Jan Pitts • 417-745-6840 • www.pittsangusfarms.com

18

Christy Greenwood Family: Husband, Bill, and 18-year-old daughter Hunter Hometown: Hackett, Ark. In Town: “I am a fifth and sixth-grade social studies teacher at Hackett Elementary School in Hackett, Ark., and have worked there for 12 years. Previously I worked for six years as the director of Head Start in Greenwood. My husband Bill has been a programmer for ABB-Baldor for 21 years and is now working on an engineering degree from University of Arkansas in Fort Smith. Our daughter recently began a degree in animal husbandry and reproduction at the same school.”

In the Country: “We purchased 20 acres in 1993 outside of Greenwood and call our place McClellan Farms. Our daughter Hunter was born in 1996 and is the center of our country life. We started her in 4-H when she was very young. Now she is 18 and fully involved in agriculture. Through the years we have raised horses, chickens rabbits, pigs, lambs and cattle, all of which Hunter has shown. The areas of concentration now are rabbits, chickens and pigs. I told Hunter if she was going to raise and show rabbits, she needed to find someone to buy them. We now have 60 rabbits including Mini Rex, Giant Chinchillas, Standard Chinchillas and French Lops which she shows in Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma and Louisiana and sells to our local Atwood’s. We also have chickens which include 13 Barred Rocks, six Americanas, 11 White Leghorn pullets and 50 show broiler hens, in addition to four sows. We sell eggs, although Hunter keeps back some chicks to incubate and sell to individuals. We have Yorkshire and Hampshire sow with one Hampshire boar. We sell piglets to 4-H and FFA members for their projects and for showing. We also have a Maintainer, Shorthorns and Charolais, which we show.

Because Hunter knows how to AI both hogs and cattle and does most of her own vet work, she has been hired by a local veterinarian as a technician. Part of living in the country is being involved. I am the James Fork 4-H club leader while Hunter is the president of James Fork 4-H and a member of the Sebastian County 4-H Council.”

Future: “Hunter is buying a house with land so we can expand the farm. As far as I am concerned, I am beginning to approach retirement and am anticipating having more time so I can make livestock production a new focal point in my life.”

Story and Photo

By Terry Ropp

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Catch

he web on t

Our New Look on your phone

JRS Mobile

Download the app for iPhone & Android!

Everything JRS in the palm of your hand!

• More Convenient • Prime Advertising • User-friendly • New Video Highlights and Features

• Futures • JRS Markets • Event Calendar • News • Find a Rep

I-44 & Exit 22 • Carthage, Missouri Dolf Marrs—Hindsville, Ark. H (479) 789-2798 M (479) 790-2697

Office 417.548.2333

Kent Swinney—Gentry, Ark. H (479) 736-4621 M (479) 524-7024

Jackie Moore 417.825.0948 Bailey Moore 417.540.4343

Billy Ray Mainer—Branch, Ark. John Simmon—Westville, Okla.

M (479) 518-6931 M (918) 519-9129 M (417)310-6348

Skyler Moore 417.737.2615

www.joplinstockyards.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Tan is 7505c (0c, 70m, 30y, 55k) Red is Pantone 186 (0c,100m, 81y, 4k) Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma Joplin RegionalAcross is Knomen Stockyards is Playbill Tagline is BaskertonSW-Italic

19

market sale

steers 550-600 LBS.

(Week of 9/13/15 to 9/19/15) Ash Flat Livestock Barry County Regional Stockyards Benton County Sale Barn Cattlemen’s Cleburne County Live County Line Sale - Ratcliff Decatur Livestock Auction

232.68 Week of 8/23/15

* 232.90 ** 225.00 217.50

Not Reported † 119.00-130.00* Not Reported † 90.00-125.00*

* 231.25 * 235.41

* 223.41 220.00 235.55

70

90

110.00-134.00*

Week of 8/30/15

238.65

Not Reported † 98.00-133.00 † Not Reported* 111.50-138.00 †

130

slaughter

*

Norwood, Mo. • Producers Auction Yards

Not Reported † 105.00-130.00 †

110

150

170

cows

(Week of 9/13/15 to 9/19/15)

**

Arkansas Cattle

75.00-104.00 † Not Reported † 75.00-124.00* 7 Not Reported †

Ash Flat Livestock

212.87

Barry County Benton County Sale Barn Cattlemen’s Cleburne County County Line Sale - Ratcliff Decatur Livestock

217.00 * 226.07 240.29

70.00-123.00* 77.00-106.00 † Not Reported † 85.00-104.00* 91.00-137.00*

Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Farmers Livestock - Springdale Ft. Smith Live I-40 Livestock - Ozark Joplin Regional Mid-State Stockyards North Arkansas Livestock

*

228.29 *** ** *

Not Reported † 75.00-107.00 † Not Reported † 75.00-113.00 † None Reported* Not Reported † 76.00-114.00 † Not Reported † 82.00-126.50 †

OKC West Ouachita Livestock Auction Ozarks Regional Stilwell Livestock Auction Tulsa Live

*** * 220.79 *

50

219.48

70

Not Reported* 70.00-125.00 †

90

110

130

1350.00-1425.00, Pair Jerseys 1175.00, Common 925.001225.00, Crossbreds 575.00-725.00, Individual Jersey 550.00.

9/20/15 Bred and Springer Cows: Supreme Individual 2000.00, Individual Jersey 1850.00, Approved 1600.00-1775.00, Individual Crossbred 1600.00, Jerseys 1625.00-1775.00, Medium 1300.00-1550.00, Crossbreds 1300.00-1525.00, Jerseys 1125.00-1450.00, Common Ind. Crossbred 950.00, Jerseys 800.00-975.00.

Baby Calves: Holstein Heifers Ind. Large 400.00, Ind. Small 175.00, Holstein Bulls Large 350.00-450.00, Small 250.00-325.00, Jersey Heifers Ind. Large 370.00, Small 130.00-160.00, Jersey Bulls Pair Small 160.00, Crossbred Heifers - Large 330.00-425.00, Small 220.00-300.00, Crossbred Bulls - Large 250.00-380.00, Small 100.009/10/15 230.00, Beef Cross Heifers- 250.00-440.00, Beef Cross Bulls - 260.00-470.00.

dairy cattle

Not Reported † 101.00-133.00 † None Reported*

* 210.00

5 Area (Tx-Ok, Ks, Neb, Ia, Colo) Live Basis Sales - Over 80% Choice Steers: 131.00-137.00; wtd. avg. price 134.61.

Heifers: 133.00-137.00; wtd. avg. price 134.70.

Dressed Basis Sales - Over 80% Choice Steers: 210.00-218.00; wtd. avg. price 212.67.

Heifers: 210.00-215.00; wtd. avg. price 213.20.

117.00-150.00* Not Reported † 114.00-135.00 †

OKC West - El Reno Ouachita Livestock Auction Ozarks Regional Stilwell Livestock Auction Tulsa Livestock Auction

cattle

Midwest - High Plains Direct Slaughter Cattle

104.00-126.00 † Not Reported †

Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita Farmers Livestock - Springdale Ft. Smith Livestock I-40 Livestock - Ozark Joplin Regional Mid-State Stockyards North Arkansas Livestock

215.16

beef

108.00-130.00 †

Arkansas Cattle Auction

150

Receipts: 630 At this month’s special dairy sale at the Producers Auction Yard, demand was good on a heavy supply. The supply consisted of 3 percent Springer Heifers, 7 percent Bred Heifers, 19 percent Open Heifers, 15 percent Fresh and Milking Cows, 4 percent Bred Cows and 20 percent 190 baby calves. The balance was made up of weigh cows and beef animals. All quotes are on a per head basis for Holsteins unless noted otherwise.

Springer Heifers Bred Seven to Nine Months: Supreme 1985.00-2000.00, Individual Jersey 1925.00, Approved 1725.00-1825.00, Crossbreds 1725.00-1800.00, Jerseys 1750.00-1760.00, Medium Individual Crossbred 1390.00, Jerseys 1435.00-1525.00, Common Individual Jersey 800.00.

Heifers Bred Four to Six Months: Approved Individual 1725.00, Medium Individual 1325.00, Individual Crossbred 1500.00, Jerseys 1250.00-1580.00, Common 1000.001100.00.

Heifers Bred One to Three Months: Approved Crossbreds 1625.00, Jerseys 1675.00-1700.00, Medium Pair 1425.00, Crossbreds 1500.00-1580.00, Common Individual 825.00, Individual Crossbred 1225.00.

Open heifers: Approved Pkg 20 hd 445 lbs 1025.00, 506560 lbs 1060.00-1080.00, Jerseys 900.00-950.00, Pkg 21 hd 606 lbs 1310.00, Medium 200-300 lbs 525.00-550.00, Pair Jerseys 400.00, 435-470 lbs Individual 800.00, Ind. Crossbred 710.00, Pair 552 lb Crossbreds 1000.00, 660-685 lbs Ind. Crossbred 1180.00, 707-735 lbs Pkg 6 hd 1300.00, Ind. Shorthorn 1050.00, 840-885 lbs 975.00-1275.00.

Fresh Milking Heifers and Cows: Supreme 1875.002000.00, Crossbreds 1875.00-1950.00, Approved 1525.00-1800.00, Crossbreds 1500.00-1725.00, Jerseys 1525.00-1650.00, Medium 1375.00-1475.00, Crossbreds

170

** **

**

948

207.15 219.67 **

Steers, Med. & Lg. 1

Week of 9/13/15

208.24

300-400 lbs.

400-500 lbs.

500-600 lbs.

600-700 lbs.

700-800 lbs.

222.06 ** ** **

Bulls, Med. & Lg. 1

198.03 ** ** 249.00 227.87 185

208 231 254 277 300 * No price reported in weight break **USDA Failed To Report *** No Sale - Holiday

Prices Based on Weighted Average for Steers and Heifers 550-600 lbs.

20

300-400 lbs.

400-500 lbs.

500-600 lbs.

600-700 lbs.

700-800 lbs.

Heifers, Med. & Lg. 1 300-400 lbs.

400-500 lbs.

500-600 lbs.

600-700 lbs.

700-800 lbs.

5-20 Lower 232.50-325.00 220.00-245.00 185.00-226.00 180.00-204.00 --------200.00-235.00 170.00-205.00 169.00-182.50 ----205.00-290.00 190.00-227.00 180.00-199.00 173.00-187.00 -----

Ash Flat Livestock -----

Barry Co. Regional Stockyards* 9/19/15

-----

475

-----

Lower

---------------------

220.00-270.00 190.00-215.00 190.00-210.00 150.00-193.00 150.00-168.00

---------------------

185.00 -----------------

---------------------

192.00-222.50 175.00-197.00 165.00-185.00 150.00-165.00 120.00-160.00

Benton Co. - Siloam Springs -----

Cattlemen’s Livestock* 9/16/15

Cleburne Co. - Heber Springs 9/14/15

-----

749

428

-----

5-30 Lower

St-3 Higher

---------------------

215.00-267.00 190.00-230.00 180.00-208.00 170.00-190.00 160.00-186.00

265.00-310.00 225.00-266.00 195.00-230.00 190.00-214.00 180.00-190.00

---------------------

200.00-262.00 180.00-241.00 175.00-220.00 158.00-179.00 -----

----185.00-250.00 190.00-212.00 177.00-190.00 175.00-183.00

---------------------

200.00-242.00 180.00-225.00 170.00-191.00 165.00-193.00 160.00-174.00

225.00-295.00 200.00-233.00 188.00-205.00 175.00-197.00 -----

127 5(3257('

Ark. Cattle Auction, LLC - Searcy 9/15/15

240.81

127 5(3257('

***

Koshkonong, Mo. • Oreg

Receipts: 263 All goats and sheep Graders and bought buying station. Offe and 29 percent shee Diamond, Mo. • TS Whites Sheep and Goat Sale 9/3/15 be Saturday, Oct 3r Receipts: 2426 goats from 9:00 a.m Supply was very good and demand was good. Lamb prices GOATS: were steady to higher while goat markets were lower.

Slaughter Kids: Sel Supply included 8 percent slaughter Ewes and Rams, 32 200.00. Selection 2 percent slaughter lambs, 43 percent slaughter goats, 16 Selection 3 45-60 lb percent Bucks and Does. All prices per hundred weight influence 140.00-17 (CWT) unless noted otherwise.

Feeder Kids: Select SHEEP: Slaughter Does/Na Feeder Lambs: Choice and Prime 2-3 32-38lbs 177.50Selection 3 85.00. a 200.00.

Slaughter Bucks: S Slaughter Lambs: SHEEP: Wool lambs: Choice and Prime 2-3 40-86 lbs 200.00Slaughter Lambs: G 220.00, 86-95 lbs 180.00-200.00, 132-162 lbs 140.00under 80 lbs 140.00 160.00.

1-2 80 lbs and unde Hair lambs: Choice and Prime 2-3 40-85 lbs, 200.00Slaughter Ewes: Ut 235.00; 95-100 lbs 175.00-195.00. Good and Choice 1-3 National Sheep Summary 40-95 lbs 175.00-190.00.

Slaughter Ewes: Compared to last week Wooled: Utility and Good 1-2 68-132 lbs 75.00-95.00. higher. Slaughter ewes Hair Ewes: Good and Choice 2-3 63-182 lbs 70.00-95.00. Feeder lambs were mo Culls to Good 1-3 82-112 lbs 60.00-65.00.

TX 8566 head sold in Rams: sold 335 slaughter lam Few Replacement Hair Rams: Medium and Large 1-2 170 in Nebraska. In direct lbs 125.00. were not tested. 4300 Slaughter Rams: Hair Rams: 110-185 lbs 100.00-115.00; were steady to 2.00 low 80-190 lbs 75.00-95.00.

sheep &

goats

stocker & feeder

County Line Sale Ratcliff -----

Decatur Livestock*

-----

686

490

-----

5-8 Lower

Uneven

---------------------

265.00-315.00 230.00-250.00 205.00-222.00 185.00-200.00 180.00-192.00

245.00-269.00 238.00-245.00 224.00-238.00 190.00-224.00 185.00-190.00

---------------------

245.00-270.00 205.00-230.00 184.00-200.00 160.00-175.00 150.00-168.00

---------------------

---------------------

240.00-265.00 205.00-230.00 185.00-194.00 165.00-183.00 150.00-165.00

220.00-227.50 220.00-224.00 196.00-224.00 180.00-196.00 130.00-180.00

9/15/15

pr

Farmer’s & Farmers Ranchers Livestock Vinita, Okla.* Springdale 9/16/15 -----

USDA Reported * Independently Reported

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

GOATS: Feeder Kids: Select Selection 2 29-36 lb 130.00-155.00.

Slaughter Classes: 83-112 200.00-225.

Selection 3 40-85 lb Does: Slaughter Does: Se Selection 2 40-114 lbs 100.00-110.00.

Bucks: Several replacemen 1 70-165 lbs 130.00 125.00.

127 5(3257('

230.00 *

Week of 9/6/15

bulls

slaughter

*

127 5(3257('

Ash Flat El Reno Ft. Smith Green Forest Heber Springs Joplin Ouachita Ozark Ratcliff Searcy Siloam Springs Springdale Tulsa West Plains

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Ft. S Live

9/1

-----

9

-----

-

---------------------

272.0 258.0 219.0 209.0 19

---------------------

220.0 210.0 190.0 183.0

---------------------

244.0 226.0 21 201.0 -

ket sales reports

avg. grain prices

16

5.00-269.00 8.00-245.00 4.00-238.00 0.00-224.00 5.00-190.00 ---------------------

0.00-227.50 0.00-224.00 6.00-224.00 0.00-196.00 0.00-180.00

4

Ft. Smith Livestock 9/14/15

-----

945

-----

-----

---------------------

272.00-300.00 258.00-266.00 219.00-227.50 209.00-210.00 199.00

---------------------

----220.00-242.00 210.00-217.00 190.00-199.00 183.00-189.00

---------------------

244.00-264.00 226.00-235.00 210.00 201.00-203.00 -----

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

9.02 6.76

7.15

4.99 3.60

8.82

6.97 4.99

4.82 3.76

3.56

0

le na hevil Hele Blyt

8.87

e

Elain

6.62

5.76

6.35 4.87

4.59

3.56

eola

Osc

8.67

8.39

usta

Aug

Pine

Bluf

1000

Week of 8/23/15

205.17

f

0

205.38 * 205.02 206.63 * 208.89

1100.00-2100.00 †

*

Not Reported * 1500.00-2275.00 †

2000

cow/calf

3000

213.10

4000

209.00

5000

pairs

(Week of 9/13/15 to 9/19/15) Arkansas Cattle Auction Ash Flat Livestock

215.19 **

195.14

1575.00-1625.00 † Not Reported † 1800.00-2450.00* Not Reported †

208.58 203.00 222.07 201.20 208.70 ** 195.12

Barry County Regional Benton County Sale Barn Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction None Reported * 1230.00-1725.00 † Cleburne County County Line Sale - Ratcliff Not Reported † Decatur Livestock Auction 2150.00-3200.00* Farmer’s & Ranchers - Vinita 1600.00-2160.00 * Farmers Livestock - Springdale Not Reported † Ft. Smith Live 1000.00-2300.00 † I-40 Livestock - Ozark Not Reported † Joplin Regional Stockyards 1800.00-2500.00 †

203.67 * 208.90 212.93

* 213.63 ***

Mid-State Stockyards None Reported * Not Reported † North Arkansas Livestock - Green Forest 1600.00-2200.00 † OKC West - El Reno Not Reported † Ouachita Livestock Auction 1400.00-2700.00 † Ozarks Regional Stilwell Livestock Auction Not Reported* Tulsa Livestock Auction 2400.00-2450.00 †

3.81

3.12

1000

2000

3000

** 187.42 ***

4000

209.50 * 180.00

5000

195.69 ** **

I-40 Livestock Ozark -----

Joplin Regional Stockyards 9/14/15

Mid-State Stockyards* 9/14/15

N. Ark. Livestock Green Forest -----

OKC West - El Reno, Okla.

9/16/15

-----

5992

589

-----

7680

-----

5-25 Lower

10-20 Lower

-----

10-15 Lower

---------------------

275.00-280.00 225.00-255.00 214.00-231.00 200.00-224.00 192.00-211.00

220.00-285.00 205.00-245.00 180.00-230.00 180.00-211.00 -----

---------------------

282.50-295.00 231.00-250.00 206.00-239.00 180.00-221.50 189.75-206.00

---------------------

260.00 225.00-247.50 198.00-225.00 194.00-202.00 171.00

----205.00-240.00 180.00-207.00 ----140.00-165.00

---------------------

275.00 209.50-242.50 180.00-201.00 175.00-178.00 154.00

---------------------

210.00-250.00 195.00-222.50 192.00-222.00 193.00-216.00 183.00-194.00

230.00-267.50 200.00-224.00 170.00-202.00 165.00-188.00 -----

---------------------

----204.00-220.00 193.00-204.00 192.60-205.50 181.00-187.50

127 5(3257('

Uneven

127 5(3257('

rmer’s & Farmers anchers Livestock ta, Okla.* Springdale 9/16/15 ----490

8

prices 127 5(3257('

feeder

12

Ozarks Regional Stilwell Livestock Auction Tulsa Livestock Auction

200.00

Week of 9/6/15

9/18/15

204.00

Ash Flat Livestock Not Reported † Barry County Regional al 1300.00-1850.00* 13 Benton County Sale Barn Not Reported † Cattlemen’s Livestock Auction 1725.00-2100.00 * Cleburne County Livestock - Heber Springs 100.00-175.00 † Prices reported per cwt County Line Sale - Ratcliff Not Reported † Decatur Livestock 1400.00-2775.00* Farmer’s & Ranchers 1475.00-2200.00* Farmers Livestock - Springdale Not Reported † Ft. Smith Live 1000.00-1725.00 † I-40 Livestock - Ozark Not Reported † Joplin Regional 1010.00-2075.00 † None Reported * Mid-State Stockyard North Arkansas Livestock - Green Forest Not Reported † 1300.00-2550.00 † OKC West - El Reno Not Reported † Ouachita Livestock Auction

Week of 8/30/15

9/18/15

goats

Compared to last week slaughter lambs were steady to 10.00 bs 75.00-95.00. higher. Slaughter ewes were uneven, mostly steady to 5.00 higher.

82 lbs 70.00-95.00. Feeder lambs were mostly steady to 5.00 higher. At San Angelo, 00.

TX 8566 head sold in a one day sale. Equity Electronic Auction sold 335 slaughter lambs in North Dakota and 270 slaughter ewes m and Large 1-2 170 in Nebraska. In direct trading slaughter ewes and feeder lambs were not tested. 4300 head of negotiated sales of slaughter lambs lbs 100.00-115.00; were steady to 2.00 lower. 6100 head of formula sales under 55

* *

1250.00-1810.00 †

Arkansas Cattle

Cheese: Barrels closed at $1.5425 and 40# blocks at $1.6925. The weekly average for barrels is $1.5530 (-.0933) and blocks, $1.6695 (-.0255).

Fluid Milk: Milk production across the U.S. is down Koshkonong, Mo. • Oregon County Goat and Sheep Market 8/29/15 seasonally due to unfavorable weather conditions and Receipts: 263 temperatures. Higher temperatures in the Midwest, New All goats and sheep graded by MO Dept of Ag-USDA Mexico, Pacific Northwest, and rainy weather in Arizona Graders and bought per cwt. based on in-weights at the and New Mexico are adversely affecting cow comfort and buying station. Offerings were made up of 81 percent goats prolonging harvest of various crops. Bottling demand is and 29 percent sheep. Next scheduled market date will leveling as school pipelines are filled. Spot milk loads are 9/3/15 be Saturday, Oct 3rd. The station will be open to accept less available. Dairy product manufacturers are noting the goats from 9:00 a.m. till 3:00 p.m. All prices per cwt. decline in milk supplies, but are comfortable at current 0 good. Lamb prices GOATS: production levels. Ice cream and other cream based dairy ets were lower.

Slaughter Kids: Selection 1 45-60 lbs 230.00; 61-80 lbs products are pulling less cream and making supplies wes and Rams, 32 200.00. Selection 2 45-60 lbs 215.00; 61-80 lbs 185.00. available, even with the declines in milk output and aughter goats, 16 Selection 3 45-60 lbs 140.00. Selection 1-3 45-60 lbs dairy components. r hundred weight influence 140.00-170.00.

SPOT PRICES OF CLASS II CREAM, $ PER Feeder Kids: Selection 1-2 20-44 lbs 190.00.

POUND BUTTERFAT F.O.B. producing plants: Upper Slaughter Does/Nannies: Selection 1-2 100.00-115.00.

Midwest - $3.1078-3.6843.

2-38lbs 177.50Selection 3 85.00. any grade yearlings 135.00.

Slaughter Bucks: Selection 1-2 115.00.

SHEEP: 86 lbs 200.00Slaughter Lambs: Good and Choice 2-3 hair and wool 62 lbs 140.00Week Ended 9/22/15 under 80 lbs 140.00-160.00; over 80 lbs hair 120.00. Good 1-2 80 lbs and under hair 90.00.

Soybeans Soft Wheat Corn Sorghum 85 lbs, 200.00Slaughter Ewes: Utility and Good 2-3 70.00.

20 d and Choice 1-3 National Sheep Summary

Ash Flat El Reno Ft. Smith Green Forest Heber Springs Joplin Ouachita Ozark Ratcliff Searcy Siloam Springs Springdale Tulsa West Plains

(Week of 9/13/15 to 9/19/15)

dairy sales

National Dairy Market at a Glance

cows

heifers 550-600 LBS.

Ouachita Livestock Ola, Ark. -----

Ozarks Regional West Plains 9/15/15

-----

4060

-----

5-25 Lower

---------------------

265.00-317.50 225.00-258.00 222.00-246.00 197.00-226.00 192.00-203.00

---------------------

255.00-285.00 227.00-240.00 199.00-226.00 191.00-198.00 -----

---------------------

225.00-275.00 200.00-232.50 187.50-210.00 182.50-197.50 178.50-182.50

Stilwell Livestock Auction* -----

Tulsa Livestock Auction.

9/14/15

-----

4026

-----

4-10 Lower

---------------------

291.00-328.00 277.00 244.00-254.00 221.00-234.50 180.00-195.00

---------------------

270.00-300.00 268.00-278.00 215.00-225.00 207.00-214.00 -----

---------------------

270.00-276.00 214.00-236.00 199.00-206.50 195.00-198.00 175.00

Serving More Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma Serving MoreThan Than24,000 24,000Readers Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

*** 212.17

** 196.48 * ** 192.60

Week of 9/13/15

ge 400.00, Ind. 00-450.00, Small e 370.00, Small 160.00, Crossbred 20.00-300.00, Small 100.0000, Beef Cross

replacement

lbs were not well tested; 55-65 lbs were mostly steady; 65-75 lbs were 3.00 to 4.00 higher; 75-85 lbs were mostly 4.00 to 6.00 lower and over 85 lbs were not well tested. 6,644 carcasses sold with 45 lbs and down 4.85 lower; 45-55 lbs 5.18 higher; 55-75 lbs .39-.63 lower and 85 lbs and up 2.43 higher. All sheep sold per hundred weight (CWT) unless otherwise specified.

127 5(3257('

ividual 2000.00, 00.00-1775.00, 625.00-1775.00, 300.00-1525.00, Crossbred 950.00,

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Selection 2 29-36 lbs 160.00-180.00. Selection 3 22-38 lbs 130.00-155.00.

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Does: Slaughter Does: Selection 1 65-120 lbs 145.00-160.00.

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127 5(3257('

Common 925.00ividual Jersey

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170

192 214 236 258 280 * No price reported in weight break **USDA Failed To Report *** No Sale - Holiday

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meet your neighbors

Putting the Land First

By Terry Ropp

Consignment Sale

Billy Williams believes good beef comes from good pastures Billy Williams is the “Marlboro Man” of Vinita, Okla.

He is tall and slim with a big mustache, and unassuming manner. Billy was a horseman until six years ago when he agreed to be foreman for the then 400acre Williford Steer Ranch.

“I figured if I could take care of horses, I could take care of cattle though learning cattle medicine and healthcare was

• Heifers • Bulls • Bred Cows In Pairs

Billy Williams is the foreman of Williford Steer Ranch and says producers can never “shortchange” the care of livestock or land.

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22

which limits sorting. Each year 50 yearling and 2-year-olds are sold for someone else to raise while one to two dozen calves are always kept in the Williford’s on-site feed yard and sold under the Williford Beef label to a few meat retailers and a larger number of individuals often purchasing the custom fed, aged beef by the quarter.

“I make sure these calves are fat all the way to their tails,” Billy said.

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more difficult than I had anticipated,” Billy said.

Owner Richard Williford from Tulsa, Okla., wanted to diversify his operation. Billy said, “We are trying to feed the world with the best cattle we can as efficiently and self-sufficiently as we can keeping everything as simple and natural as possible.”

The cattle ranch now has 1,600 acres with 400 to 500 head at a time, including 300 mamas and 150 to 175 calves a year. The cattle are divided into smaller herds, depending upon their intended market

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

Registered Angus and registered Hereford herds are the heart of the operation and produce 15 breeding bull sales a year.

The two commercial herds are Angus cross and F1 and F2. Billy has never sold a heifer and won’t breed one until she is 20 to 24 months old because he wants females that can breed and raise calves without supplementary grain. Heifers are also kept in a separate herd.

Vinita, Okla.

“When trying to develop and maintain a profitable operation, it’s easier to save money on a ranch than spending SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your neighbors it because high overheads are difficult to overcome,” Billy explained. “The one thing you never shortchange is care, whether that care is for land or animals.”

Because Billy believes good cattle cannot be raised on poor land, land care comes first. Part of the process of saving land maintenance costs is soil testing and having custom-made fertilizer so the land gets exactly what it needs and nothing extra. Pastures are mostly fescue and Bermuda with naturally-occurring clover.

Another part of land care is brush hogging rather than spraying for weeds.

The land is divided into nine pastures which are used on a 60 to 75 day rotational grazing cycle according to the number of cattle in each herd, consumption, and the weather.

One of the pastures is a 200-acre field containing natural grasses including bluestem and yellow hoop. It is not fertilized but left totally natural for hay. This year’s total hay goal is 2,000 bales, some of which will be sold to augment profits.

The land contains pipe fences and corrals. Billy believes that the longevity of the sturdier material outweighs the initial higher cost.

Finally, while water comes from springs, a creek and ponds rebuilt in 2013, frostfree automatic waters provide the most efficient and reliable source.

Some cost-cutting measures also apply to the animals.

Even though calves are tagged, Billy waits to castrate purebred bulls until they are sorted for breeding or commercial markets and prefers castration because it is quick and more reliable. Billy also administers his own vaccines, both long-term and pour-on wormers and the occasionally needed medications.

“Because we try to stay ahead of the health issues, we have had very few problems,” Billy said. “Nonetheless, if something does come up, a really good vet named John Marcott has a clinic just down the road.”

Billy, who absolutely loves his life, quipped, “Money is not the only thing; a good lifestyle is also important. I get to work with my horses every day and wear the big hat.”

Billy also enjoys breeding a few brood mares each year and buys colts at the SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Cunningham Ranch in Rose, Okla.

“I let the colts grow up to be a cow and then train them to be horses,” he said.

Billy has one full-time employee, a 21-year-old ranch hand named Matt “Karl” Wilson.

They’re on horseback all morning with three Blue Heeler dogs in tow, checking each animal, usually twice a day, while

afternoons are spent taking care of the land, maintaining equipment, building fences or whatever else needs to be done.

“Keeping good and meticulous records is absolutely necessary,” Billy said. “My records not only include detailed information about every animal so we know it’s individual and genetic history but also what I have done every afternoon

Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

since I started working here six years ago. The other necessity is having outstanding cattle with my word being even better than the cattle.”

23

meet your neighbors

Rural Crime: A Growing Issue

By Katrina Hine

Theft of livestock, equipment impacting farmers, ranchers With the challenges facing farmers and ranchers today, nothing is more unpredictable or frustrating then rural crime. Often separated by miles of rolling fields and fences, farms and ranches are prime targets for would be thieves bent on making a quick buck.

This factor alone makes rural locations a prime target for small time criminals to big time professionals.

work and we try not to have more than we need but when you cover thousands of acres you need reliable equipment.

That equipment can sometimes cost as much as land or a house,” said Lyndon.

The truck was spotted when the criminals tried to sell the $2,000 cake feeder Since cattle are herd animals, resourceful rustlers entice one cow with a sack of feed and soon the majority of the herd is caught.

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Lyndon and Phyllis McKibben of rural for $20. However, it is yet to be recovWyandotte, Okla., know how it feels to ered. Sadly, once livestock or equipment have part of your livelihood stolen from are reported missing, they are long gone.

Equipment is usually cut up and sold for your driveway. Early on July 11, thieves stole a truck from the drive while they scrap. In fact, 70 percent of stolen trailwere home. The truck was outfitted with a ers are cut up and sold for metal. Welders, specially made cake feeder/fuel tank com- feeders and tools are sold to individuals or bo, not to mention multiple tools, some pawnshops, while trucks are parted out.

Jonah Parmley, whose of which belonged family has ranched to Lyndon’s father in Ottawa County, Wyandotte, Okla. and are irreplaceOkla., for over five able. The thieves generations, owns also drove off with the a welding business. four-wheeler from the shed.

The building is sur“All our stuff was paid for, we rounded with fence worked really hard to get it that and a gate locked way. You need equipment to do the

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

meet your neighbors with a heavy chain, however, this did not deter the crooks from cutting the chain and drilling out the locks then hotwiring his welding truck. The truck and welding equipment were valued at $60,000. “Now I have keys to a truck I don’t have anymore,” Jonah added.

A year later, despite having video cameras and more lights, crooks came back and stole a customer’s livestock trailer.

One organization whose sole purpose is to protect those whose livelihood comes from the land is the Texas & Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association based out of Fort Worth, Texas.

According to TSCRA Special Ranger John Cummings, who supervises 21 counties in Northern Oklahoma, the influx of rural crimes are typically committed by urban criminals moving into rural areas where the opportunities are ripe.

Oklahoma Department of Agriculture has an Agriculture Investigative Service with agents covering different regions of the state. Like the TSCRA Rangers, these agents focus only on ag-related crimes and work in conjunction with state and local law enforcement. Organizations like state Cattlemen Associations and TSCRA post reward money to help ranchers recover their property.

A common issue is that farmers and ranchers do not have the serial numbers for their equipment or the wrong numbers. Law enforcement agencies suggest that all equipment be photographed and numbers from various parts be located and recorded. For instance, in Oklahoma, trailers are not tagged and any manufacturer tag can be removed. Making weld marks underneath the trailer on the frame, like a number or a brand unique to the farmer, is recommended.

Cummings notes that sale barns are supposed to record vehicle tag numbers when cattle are brought in, but most do not.

Branding still remains the best method of identification for most livestock.

Some ranchers will brand in more than one spot in the event one is tampered with. However, currently only Texas and New Mexico have branding inspections.

Other states do not require it and cattle facilities usually just note the number of head and their color.

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Ear tags are fine but may be cut out, unless the crooks are “lazy,” said Cummings.

Cummings also suggests rotating cattle to different pastures, changing daily routines and not having working facilities next to the road. Saddles or tack should be notched or marked in hard-to-find places for identification. Some ranchers are using game cameras with some success.

Criminals will usually strike in the early morning or evening while there is just a little bit of light. Often when stealing cattle they will use a feed sack full of rocks to coax the herd in to the lot.

For Cummings, any DNA evidence is the best chance to catch the thieves.

Cigarette butts, handprints on gates or chains, and feed sacks can link a person to the crime.

Theft isn’t the only problem facing farmers and ranchers. Vandalism and property damage can also be devastating to an operation.

Cummings said one case involved a teen who used a bow to shoot at some show cattle, killing eight. He and another teen were ordered by a judge to pay $85,000 restitution but when he failed to pay, he was sent to prison for 20 years.

Another issue confronting farmers and ranchers is not all judges or district attorneys understand the economic impact when herds or equipment is stolen.

Part of a Special Ranger’s duty is to educate those in the legal process and get fair restitution for the victims.

“For some reason, folks think that farmers and ranchers have a lot of money because they have a lot of cattle, equipment and land,” Cummings said. “That is a misconception. They pay high fuel, feed and vet bills. Not to mention taxes and other operational expenses.”

Even as crime in rural areas seems to climb, Cummings and others, admire the quality of people who make a living in the country and who live by a moral code of hard work and looking out for your neighbor.

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Darby Duncan Age: 17 Parents: Ronny and Gayle Duncan Hometown: Cameron, Okla.

FFA Chapter: Poteau FFA FFA Advisor name: Bryan Beshear What is your favorite aspect of agriculture?

“I like being around livestock every day. I used to show lambs but now mainly work with horses and my grandpa’s commercial cattle.”

Who is the most influential person in your life?

“My mom is the most influential because she’s solid and the best coach for barrel racing anybody could have. She’s also my best friend and taught me everything I know helping make me who I am today.”

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My involvement with FFA here right now is selling Blue and Gold products like beef and chicken and anything else the chapter sells to raise money, something I really enjoy.”

What is your favorite agricultural memory?

“The first thing I remember in agriculture is bottle feeding calves when I was very little but perhaps my favorite memory is learning welding from Mr. Jeremy Krebbs in an ag class at Cameron.”

What are your future plans?

“Barrel racing is very important to me and I plan on continuing to compete. I want to go to a college where I can be on the rodeo team for barrel racing while pursuing becoming a physical therapist assistant.”

26

Story and Photo

By Terry Ropp Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

the ofn

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Advice from

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Feral Hogs Can Impact Livestock

By Julie Tunrner-Crawford

The USDA estimates that there are more than 5 million wild pigs roaming 35 states

T

he United States Department of Agriculture reports that there are more than 5 million feral pigs roaming in the country, and Arkansas and Oklahoma are among the states with the highest population.

State Veterinarian Dr. Rod Hall of the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry told Ozarks Farm & Neighbor that animal health officials in his state are concerned about diseases that can be carried by the wild swine, primarily pseudorabies and swine brucellosis, which have both been eradicated from domestic livestock.

Hall explained that officials are testing feral hogs that are trapped and/or killed in the state and are finding brucellosis in about 10 percent of those tested.

“Once they are infected with brucellosis, they are continually spreading that disease, and it can be spread to humans,” he said. “We’ve had reports from other states from when people haven’t take enough precautions when they clean feral swine that they plan to eat.”

Hall added that brucellosis can be passed on to other livestock and that there have been cases of dogs in Oklahoma being infected with the disease. Cattle are also prone to infection, but there is currently no testing for the disease.

“We haven’t had any confirmed cases or evidence of where there was brucellosis transferred from feral swine to cattle, but Texas has,” he said. “The issue is that we have been free of brucellosis for so long that there isn’t any testing at the livestock markets. The good thing is that cattle are kind of the dead-end host because it doesn’t spread from cow to cow.”

There have been cases where brucellosis has been transferred from the feral population to domestic hog herds. Hall said in one case, which involved a producer’s group of show pigs, the entire herd had to be “depopulated.”

In addition to brucellosis, pseudorabies is another concern for animal health officials.

Hall said that about 30 percent of the feral hogs tested were positive for the disease.

“That doesn’t mean that they are all spreading it, but they have it,” he said. “Pseudorabies is actually a disease that animals can develop an immunity to, so when we test those, we are actually testing for immunity to the disease. The percentage of wild hogs actually spreading the disease is much lower, but there have been reports of dogs dying from pseudorabies. It does not affect people, which is a good thing, and it could infect cattle. Again, our big concern is if it gets into the commercial swine industry and their ability to ship those swine to international markets because about 30 percent of our swine products go international.”

Unfortunately, vaccinations are not given to livestock to ward against pseudorabies or brucellosis.

“The best prevention we have is to prevent contact between domestic livestock and feral hogs and I know that is easier said than done,” Hall said.

Hall added that because the vast majority of commercially offered pork comes from confinement operations, it is very unlikely that feral hogs will come in contact with a large number of domestic pig herds.

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

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Making farming a little easier

Weaning Time Tips

By Gary Digiuseppe

Reducing stress at weaning can keep calves healthy, productive Weaning time is stressful; there are a number of steps you can take to make sure the calf remains healthy and productive.

For one thing, said University of Arkansas Associate Animal Science Department head Dr. Tom Troxel, you should include a vaccination program in your preconditioning.

“Make sure calves have received their blackleg, IBR and PI3 shots,” Troxel told Ozarks Farm & Neighbor. “Most of those shots require a booster, so plan your vaccination program so that your calves receive all shots plus their boosters to make sure they’ve got good immune protection.”

Fenceline weaning has become a popular practice intended to reduce the stress of separating calves from their mothers. Troxel recommended putting the calves in a pasture with good quality forage and one with which they’re familiar, so they know where the water and the mineral are located. “Use a proper electric fence designed to keep them from crossing that fence to their mothers, and vice versa, since the mothers might cross into the pasture with their calves,” he said. “If the calves are put in a pasture they’re familiar with they’ll just go off and start to graze, and so will the cows on the other side of the pasture. The cows and calves may lay together across the fence, but before long those cows will be out grazing, and in three to five days they’ll wean themselves.”

Dr. Patrick Davis, University of Missouri Extension regional livestock specialist at Cedar County, Mo., said the goal with any weaning program is to manage the calves to have the least amount of stress possible, because that will translate into improved post weaning performance and health. He cited an article written by South

what do you say?

What qualities do you look for when selecting a breed?

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Dakota State Extension Veterinarian Dr. Russ Daly that recommended running a calf through the chute three to four weeks before weaning time to dehorn, castrate, vaccinate, and deworm.

“By doing this you would make sure the calf is properly vaccinated and processed while not adding more stress at weaning time,” Davis said. “Deworming is important because this will allow the calf to better respond and utilize vaccinations.”

The calf also needs to receive adequate nutrition both pre- and post-weaning, so it will develop an immune system that can help deal with stressors such as diseases and pests.

“Prior to weaning, creep feeding or grazing have been successful ways to deal with stress of weaning,” Davis said. “These strategies allow the calf to get acclimated to eating feed out of a bunk or grazing by themselves; they also allow calves to be exposed to people and machinery, which will reduce stress when they are exposed to these things post weaning. Also, it is important to get them used to drinking from the water sources in the place you are weaning them so that, once weaned, there is less stress related to the calf learning to use the water sources.”

As an alternative to fenceline weaning, Davis said another low stress weaning method is placing a nose flap on the calf that allows them to eat and drink next to their mother, but not to suckle. But Troxel said, “We just have to think about the traditional weaning where we just abruptly wean the calves and put them in a dry lot; they stand there and bawl, and don’t eat or drink. That’s just a harbor for disease, so I think more people should start thinking about fenceline weaning; they’ll be really pleased with it.”

“My first rule is a live calf on the ground and I don’t want to pull calves so the most important thing is easy calving followed by maternal traits and weaning weights.”

“When I choose a breed I look for carcass merit, marketability, hardiness and low maintenance, including ease in calving, milk ability and disability.”

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What’s the Score?

By Gary Digiuseppe

Cattle producers should continually evaluate the BCS scores of their animals The cow’s Body Condition Score (BCS) is an important indicator throughout the year.

It plays a role in her ability to rebreed; because rebuilding it can be difficult, it also has to be maintained the rest of the year, and it even has an impact on the fetus growing inside her.

The BCS measures body fat cover on a scale from 1 to 9, with 1 being emaciated and 9 being obese.

Dr. Tom Troxel, Associate Director of Animal Science for University of Arkansas Extension, told Ozarks Farm & Neighbor the cow’s nutritional state contributes to the calf’s genetic programming. He also said a cow’s BCS can also be important to the calf before it is on the ground.

“What we have found with some recent research is that fluctuation of a cow’s BCS can impact the calf as it’s growing inside the cow,” he said. “It has become more and more evident through research that we’ve got to change our mindset to maintain a good body condition in our cows all year long, and not have this fluctuating body condition that we’ve had in the past. When that calf is born, the change in body condition of that cow has set some genetic triggers to affect that calf’s growth after it’s born. Calves that come from cows that are maintained in good body condition throughout pregnancy have a better start on life and do better than do those calves that came from cows whose body condition has fluctuated during pregnancy.”

Troxel said if a cow’s BCS has declined to 4 when she begins to lactate, it’s very difficult to rebuild in time to improve her chances of rebreeding. “Once you start feeding her extra energy, she’ll typically put that energy into milk production and not her body condition,” he said. “You really have to wait to try to reduce her demand on lactation to rebuild her body condition. Some people will try to creep feed calves to try to reduce the stress of lactation, but generally that practice will not do that because that

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

calf will prefer Mama’s milk first, and then will go to creep feeding. So even if you put out creep feeding, thinking that you’ll reduce stress of lactation on the cow, that’s just a myth.”

Dr. Patrick Davis, University of Missouri Extension regional livestock specialist at Cedar County, Mo., told OFN, “From a cattle standpoint you want to be from 4 to 7, with a 4 being thin condition, fore rib not noticeable, full but not straight muscling in hindquarter, and tail head easily visible, and 7 being in very good flesh, ribs very smooth, trailhead shows fat pockets, and back appears square due to fat.”

Heifers should have a BCS of at least 5, which is moderate to thin condition, ribs covered except for the last two, little evidence of fat in the brisket over the ribs or around the tail head, and the spine can be felt by palpation.

A score of 5, he said, is optimum condition for the heifer to become pregnant.

That needs to be raised prior to calving to 6, which denotes a good, smooth appearance of condition in which the ribs are fully covered, hindquarters are full and plump, and spine can be felt with only firm pressure.

The heifer is likely to lose one body condition score after calving, because her energy requirements for growth, lactation and repairing her reproductive tract are so great that she may need to pull energy from her body condition stores to meet those requirements. The cow, being fully grown, is less likely to lose one full score, and need only be between 5 and 6 at calving.

If a cow is lactating and falls below a body condition score of 4, Davis recommended weaning the calf if it’s big enough.

“She is not providing adequate nutrition though her milk to meet calf requirements,” he said. “It is more efficient to wean the calf and feed it and the cow by themselves. Also, you don’t want the cow to get too thin because if she does it is hard to get her back into optimum condition before the next calving season.”

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

The Value of TMRs in Beef Herds

By Gary Digiuseppe

Offering Total Mixed Rations can make poor-quality feedstuffs more palatable Total Mixed Rations (TMR) are a common component of dairy cattle rations, but are there circumstances where TMR are worth the cost to beef cattle producers?

Dr. Shane Gadberry, University of Arkansas Extension livestock nutrition specialist, told OFN a TMR can come into play with producers looking at a more confined cow/calf production system who are bringing in ingredients and not relying heavily upon grazing to maintain the cow herd.

“We are seeing some of those types of operations develop in the U.S., especially in some of the Western states that have dealt with drought,” Gadberry said.

“In some cases somebody with feedlot facilities may start a confinement program for cow/calf production.”

In the Southern and Southeastern U.S., TMRs would fit best during the winter feeding period for cow/calf systems. Because of the additional cost of operating the grain mixing equipment, the Arkansas Extension recommends that producers invest in the land, improve the productivity of the forage and extend grazing in order to minimize the number of days that a TMR might have to be fed through winter.

Gadberry noted there are many producers who feed hay four to six months out of the year, and said some of them offset the cost of feeding a mixed ration by processing hay and blending it with off farm feedstuffs in order to reduce feed waste. “The cow has a more controlled feed-out so you know you’re putting out so many pounds per animal per day of a balanced ration, in comparison to just offering free choice hay and supplementing it,” Gadberry said.

Another scenario, which he said is not utilized as often but is an option for SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

management, is using TMR as a component of programmed feeding. While Arkansas producers have looked at this option to deal with drought, it can also be a winter feeding option. Gadberry explained, “We are formulating a very nutrient dense diet and essentially limitfeeding that diet to provide the pounds of protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN) that those cows need on a daily basis. So, instead of eating 24-26 pounds under a free choice intake scenario, with a nutrient-dense TMR we can limit-feed those cows to where they may be consuming 12 to 16 pounds of feed, which would meet all of their nutrient needs.”

Andy McCorkill, regional livestock specialist with University of Missouri Extension, said that while a TMR mixer is too expensive for many cattlemen to economically justify, those who can will find the machine a good investment.

“They work quite well for situations where a lot of silage or some other form of wet feed is being utilized,” McCorkill said. “If you have a lot of low-quality, poor palatability type of feed that you want to get rid of, you can mix it in with better quality feed and reduce waste.”

The composition of the ration depends upon the requirements of the animal you’re feeding. A dairy cow in lactation is going to have a different ration than will a beef steer.

McCorkill noted that a TMR system allows the producer to use individual feed at different levels to develop a ration for different animals.

“If, for example, you have calves you are backgrounding and have several cows to boot, you can develop a ration for the calves, mix it to spec, feed it out, and come back to the mixing site and do it all over again with a different mix for the cows,” he said.

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farm help

Block or Loose Minerals?

By Gary Digiuseppe

Producers must decide which is best for the nutritional needs of their herd The problem with trace mineral blocks is not what’s in them; it’s getting what’s in them into the cow.

Dr. Shane Gadberry, University of Arkansas livestock nutrition specialist, said the trace mineralized salt block does not do a very good job of taking care of mineral deficiencies, based on their lab’s analysis of forage mineral composition.

“The majority of the content of that block is going to be salt,” he explained.

“Those blocks tend to contain a very low concentration of trace minerals.

And the other thing that we’ll often find on the tag is that they’re using forms of trace minerals that aren’t very available biologically to the animal.”

For example, Gadberry said if the product uses copper oxide derivatives, the availability of the copper in it is only around 4 percent; with the cow only taking up an ounce from the block per day, that doesn’t account for much copper intake.

With loose mineral, the problem may be overconsumption.

“Very good minerals aren’t cheap, so we may choose to put out a week’s worth of loose mineral at a time,” Gadberry said.

The solution can be to put out a white salt block, so the animal can satisfy its craving for salt when the limited mineral supply is gone. Salt should also be made available free-choice with molasses-based supplements, which typically don’t contain that mineral. Gadberry said producers need to read the label on the molasses products. Loose mineral, he said, is the best way to address deficiencies.

“With the loose mineral, we’re generally going to have a greater intake throughout the year than what we would have with the mineral block,” he said.

“The complete loose mineral will generally have major minerals at a higher

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

level than what we want with the mineral block. Generally we’re not going to find that block fortified with any decent level of magnesium or phosphorus, so that mineral block is not going to help us with grass tetany situations.”

Trace mineral deficiencies can also be rectified with the new formulations of molasses licks, but Gadberry said that is the most expensive alternative.

“The real problem with blocks is getting them to consume enough to be truly beneficial to the animal,” Andy McCorkill, regional livestock specialist with University of Missouri Extension, told Ozarks Farm & Neighbor. “There are some types of mineral blocks and tubs that are better than the old fashioned, red trace mineral salt blocks, but generally speaking a loose mineral is the better option.” He said several companies produce softer, more palatable mineral blocks and tubs that can do a better job of achieving the consumption levels needed to meet the animal’s requirements.

It’s important that cattle get adequate amounts of calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, manganese and selenium year round.

McCorkill said when cattle are grazing standing pasture for most of their feed, the vast majority of their mineral needs are generally met by the grass they are eating.

Research done at the MU Forage Systems Research Station at Linneus, Mo., showed that a 50-50 mix of loose trace mineral salt and calcium phosphate will meet the needs of the cow herd for most of the year.

“Through grass tetany season, the addition of magnesium oxide at the rate of one-fourth the mix should be included,” McCorkill said. “Magnesium oxide has a chalky, metallic taste that tends to deter cattle from consuming it, so to get over that it may be necessary to add some corn and dried molasses to the mix to sweeten it up a bit.”

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

farm help

Making the Most of Pastures

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By Klaire Howerton

Utilizing good management practices can allow for increased cattle numbers As a cattle producer, one of your goals is probably being able to run more cows on the same amount of grass, but you don’t want to kill your pastures to get there. That is why many farmers and ranchers are turning to Management Intensive Grazing (MIG) to increase stocking densities while still keeping pastures in prime condition.

What is Management Intensive Grazing? Put simply in an article by the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, MIG “refers to several grazing systems wherein animals are allowed to graze only a small, individual paddock while other paddocks are rested and allowed to recover.

By rationing the pasture in a MIG system, Georgia farmers can make more efficient use of their land than if they continually keep animals in one large pasture (i.e., continuous stocking). Grazing systems, of which there are many variations, can increase the yield of animal products per acre and, in most cases, net profit per farm.

Using MIG practices might mean changing your way of thinking about grazing livestock. First, you will need to remove continuous grazing from your management tool belt. You will need to create smaller sections of pasture – the actual size of your smaller sections will depend on your region, water availability to that section, current height of the grass, and the dry matter (DM) requirements for your herd (beef cows require 3 percent of their body weight). Electric fencing or netting is often used to quickly and efficiently create smaller pasture sections.

Cattle should be left in the smaller sections to graze for one to three days. Depending on the size of the section being grazed, this is an adequate amount of time SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

for all the plants in the pasture to be utilized for grazing, but not so long that the forages are overgrazed. A general rule of thumb is to leave two-thirds of the height of the forage intact when the cattle leave the pasture. For example, if the grass was 6-inches tall when the cattle entered the pasture, there should be about 4-inches of forage left when they leave.

Joel Salatin, nationally-known grazier from Polyface Farms in Swoope, Va., refers to this two-thirds as the “second bite.” Allowing the cows to eat down that “second bite” damages the health of the plants, but when the “second bite” remains untouched, it generates better photosynthesis in the plants, leading to thicker forage growth and a deeper root base for when the cows come back around.

What are other benefits of putting MIG practices into place. There are less inputs on your part, for starters – by frequently moving your herd from pasture to pasture, you are letting them do the fertilizing for you. Plus, with the combination of evenly applied manure with the “second bite” of forages left behind, you are also increasing the level of organic matter in fields, which leads to better soil aeration and aerobic activity, better water holding capacity, higher levels of Cation Exchange Capacity, and the addition of more nutrients to the soil.

Using MIG will also encourage better utilization of forages – being in a smaller area, the cows will need to eat all their greens, so pasture waste will be reduced drastically.

By using MIG to foster the health of your pastures, you also reduce the risk of drought stress on your forages. The grasses will form a deeper, more extensive root base if they are not stressed from overgrazing and putting all their energy into reproducing more leaves. This will eventually lead to an extended grazing season.

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Evaluating Your Pastures

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Keeping your pastures and forages in prime shape should be one of your top priorities as a farmer or rancher. Grass is the lifeblood of any livestock operation, and should be treated with care. One of the best ways to keep the health of your pastures up is to evaluate your forage needs before the cooler fall temperatures set in. Pasture evaluations are one of the best tools available to keep your farm in good grass.

One of the best ways for a stockman to evaluate their pastures before autumn rolls around is to simply take a walk. “The best way to evaluate pastures is for the farmer and rancher to walk their fields in late summer and see what is growing. Late summer is the best time to evaluate these fields because that is the time to make essential decisions about a possible need for a complete renovation or interseeding to thicken up the stand,” said Tim Schnakenberg, Regional Agronomy Specialist for the University of Missouri. “If you desire to rebuild the cool season grass base in your fields, it’s best to have them planted this fall. This capitalizes on the timing of cooler weather and new rainfall that will get the crop up and growing well before winter weather sets in.”

Schnakenberg notes that forage testing can sometimes be helpful when doing fall pasture evaluations: “Though pasture growth can be evaluated with a forage analysis, these tools work best for monitoring harvested hay. Forage quality can be visually evaluated by walking fields and checking the stand, determining appropriate forage heights to turn cattle into a field and when to move them to another pasture and watching for maturity levels of the forage crop.”

Schnakerberg also recommends running soil tests every so often during your fall pasture evaluations: “Soil testing should be done every 3-4 years to monitor the fertility needs of the pasture.”

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

When you are evaluating your pastures prior to fall, there are a few key components to look for during your observation.

“Identify what plants are growing and occupying space in these fields and whether or not they are helping you meet your grazing needs. In many cases pastures are full of broadleaf weeds and undesirable grass species and there is little desirable grass left.

That tells the producer that perhaps a complete renovation is needed for the field,” Schnakenberg said. “If the desirable grass is present and weeds are still in abundance, a pasture spray may be in order to get them under control and prevent weed seeds from dropping for next year. Most pastures can continue to be productive with a few weeds.

Weeds that are more of a concern are ones that prevent grazing altogether such as woody, thorny and invasive weeds. Examples include blackberry, sumac, multi-flora rose, sericea lespedeza, spotted knapweed, thistles, poison hemlock and buckbrush.”

Keeping lower quality forages out of your pastures should be a top priority during your pre-fall evaluation. “Some unproductive grasses that may occupy a pasture include broomsedge, purpletop, Linheimer’s panic grass, barnyardgrass, goosegrass and foxtail.

Many of these grasses are summer annuals and may be an indication that the desirable stand of perennial cool-season grasses is not up to par,” said Schnakenberg.

While fall pasture evaluation is important, this important management practice is not limited to the cooler seasons. Schnakenberg stressed the importance of routine evaluation -“Pastures should be monitored frequently. Farmers should be checking cattle frequently each week. As they check cattle, they should also pay attention to the forages the cattle have available to them and the condition of the pasture. Livestock producers can also evaluate the type of forage that is being grazed by the manure piles left behind by the cattle.”

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

farm help

Maintaining Nutrition

By Gary Digiuseppe

Lower birthweights aren’t always a good thing for cattlemen It’s not a new idea that cows’ nutritionally deficient diets during pregnancy can affect their calves. However, recent research has shone light on just what those adverse effects could be.

“Cows or heifers not getting enough energy or protein in their diet in late pregnancy can cause slowed or reduced growth and development of the fetus in utero, which can result in light weight calves at birth,” Dr. Allison Meyer, University of Missouri Assistant Professor of Ruminant Nutrition, said. “Although many producers may think low birth weight is a good thing, we want calves to reach the birth weight their genetics dictates. If calves do not grow enough prenatally, they can be less mature at birth, and have smaller organs.”

Meyer said these smaller calves also usually have less brown fat, which is important for early heat production, and have less cold tolerance due to their greater surface area to body mass ratios.

Meyer said the quality of the cow’s colostrum can also be hurt by nutrient restriction during late pregnancy.

“Thin cows also are weaker at calving, and prolonged calving is not good for calf survival,” she added. After birth, calves whose mothers have not been properly nourished in late pregnancy have demonstrated decreased growth, both preweaning and in the feedlot. Heifers have been less fertile, and carcasses from terminal progeny have been less likely to grade Choice. Calves from poorly fed cows can also have impaired immune systems, leading to more sickness and death.

The most obvious sign of dietary deficiency in a cow is a decline in the Body Condition Score (BCS), which is a measure of stored fat. The BCS declines as bones such as the backbone, ribs, hooks, pins, tailhead and shoulder become more apparent. MeySEPTEMBER 28, 2015

er also said it’s important during winter to take haircoat and fill into consideration.

“Often cows eat more hay or other feed when temperatures drop, and it can be easy to mistake fill for fat,” she said. “Poor haircoats can signal nutrient deficiencies.”

Mineral deficiencies can lead to other specific maladies, said Dr. Shane Gadberry, professor of animal nutrition with University of Arkansas Extension. “In situations like selenium, for example, we might be experiencing white muscle disease (nutritional myopathy) in newborn calves,” he said. “In cows, there could be a nutritional imbalance that’s associated with milk fever (postparturient hypocalcemia), or a magnesium deficiency with grass tetany. If we have an extreme phosphorus deficiency, our cattle will be less thrifty; it’s harder for them to maintain body condition, and our reproductive rates are very low.”

Gadberry said these deficiencies can also contribute to what he called “sub-acute” production losses, performance declines with no visible symptoms of illness. “Copper, zinc and selenium all affect the immune system,” he said. “Copper and selenium in particular can affect reproduction, so we may have subclinical deficiencies in trace minerals where we’re having modest reductions in reproduction rates.”

Behavioral signs are also indicators of poor nutrition. “If animals act very hungry soon after eating, are willing to eat moldy or otherwise undesirable feed, or eat strange things, they are likely missing nutrients,” she said. “Pica – eating non-food such as rocks, bones and sand – can mean mineral deficiencies.” The solution to all of these problems, she admitted, sounds more simple than it is – give the cows more, or better, feed.

The producer could allocate hay supplies, feeding the lesser quality forage at mid-pregnancy, and then stepping up the quality in the final trimester.

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Not Your Average Haying Season

By Klarie Howerton

Summer rains bring additional cuttings to many Ozarks producers Summer in the Ozarks means haying season – round bales, square bales, silage, all are common sights to see in the summertime.

Haying is a complex procedure that involves taking many, many factors into account – the type of grass, the machinery, the size of the hay crew and of course, the weather. The heavy summer rains in 2015 (the second wettest summer on record) made haying a hard task to complete. Farmers persevered, as always, but how exactly did the excess moisture affect the quality and quantity of this year’s hay?

Timing is critical when baling hay, and farmers typically only have a small window of time to accomplish the task.

“This was not a text book year for haymaking. The normal two week window in early May deteriorated rapidly into intermittent two day opportunities with high dew points. Most who knocked their hay down in May got it heavily rained on or never got it sufficiently dry,” said David Ballou of Ballou Saler Farm in Ozark, Christian County, Mo. Since the steady rains made hitting the opportune windows a real challenge, most folks were behind on getting their hay cut, so by the time the sun appeared, the grass was well advanced in maturity. “Farmers finally put up a lot of hay but the quality will be below average due to it being harvested in an advanced stage of maturity,” said Eldon Cole, Livestock Specialist with the University of Missouri Extension.

“Late-cut forage will have high percentages of fiber which results in low total digestible nutrient (TDN) values.

Protein levels will be affected, thus, these two effects will require farmers to purchase more supplement if they expect to have normal performance from their cattle,” Cole said.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

Ballou noted that many Ozarks farmers held off cutting hay until late June.

“Looking for that crucial three day window of drying weather,” he said.

“Many or most benefited with abundant dry hay from the undergrowth since the seed heads had long since matured.”

Forage tests are highly recommended for this year’s hay to determine what it may or may not be lacking nutrientwise. Knowing what your herd needs is essential for proper supplementation and keeping up performance levels.

“Those who don’t test will, in all likelihood, either buy supplements they don’t need or not buy something their cattle need to perform properly. Testing forages just makes good sense when you have an unusual year,” Eldon Cole said. These tests can be performed through your local extension office.

Additional late cuttings of hay were a pleasant surprise for many farmers this year. Cole noted that some of the high performing grass species in these unusual late cuttings were Crabgrass and Lespedeza. Some folks approached the 2015 haying season with some new technology; big round baleage was a technique that many farmers implemented. If baleage is properly harvested, it can be a higher quality storable forage. If not properly wrapped, however, it can become damp, moldy and unsuitable to feed livestock. “Since many are using haylage for the first time, I encourage forage testing to see what you really have,” Eldon Cole suggested.

This year was certainly an unusual one for haying in the Ozarks. Proper storage of hay combined with forage testing and livestock supplementation if necessary can help you make your hard earned hay harvest go farther as the cooler seasons approach.

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

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Livestock Barn, Salem Mo. – 417-894-1504 4 Rhoades Red Angus Female Sale – at the Farm, Emporia, Kan. – 316-722-6900 4 KiamichiLink Ranch Angus Sale – at the Ranch, Finley, Okla. – 580-298-5150 5 Express Ranches Fall Bull & Commercial Female Sale – at the Ranch,

Yukon, Okla. – 800-664-3977 10 Judd Ranch 25th Annual Cow Power Female Sale – at the Ranch, Pomona,

Kan. – 1-800-743-0026 10 Ozark & Heart of America Beefmaster Fall Sale – Locust Grove, Okla. – 918-316-6710 10 Big D Ranch Annual Brangus/Ultra Black Bull and Commercial Female

Sale – at the Ranch, Center Ridge, Ark. – 205-270-0999 10 XL Angus & Guest Garton Angus Ranch Bull & Female Sale – Springfield

Livestock Marketing Center, Springfield, Mo. – 417-437-9193

Livestock Shelters

Garages • Workshops

Stop By Farmfest Bo #254 Outsidoth e

10 Denim and Diamonds Gala – 6 p.m. – Parsons Stadium, Springdale, Ark. – 479-756-0464 10 October Daze – Downtown, Booneville, Ark. – 479-675-2666 12 Abandoned Pesticide Collection – 8 a.m.-1 p.m. – Conway County Road

Department, Morrilton, Ark. – 501-354-9618 12 Gardening 101 – 6-7 p.m. – Peel Mansion Museum & Heritage Gardens,

400 S. Walton Blvd., Bentonville, Ark. – 479-271-1060 or 479-254-3870 13 Abandoned Pesticide Collection – 8 a.m.-1 p.m. – Pope County Road

Department, 5 County Complex Circle, Russellville, Ark. – 479-968-7098 14 Abandoned Pesticide Collection – 8 a.m.-1 p.m. – University of Arkansas

Extension Office, Ozark, Ark. – 479-667-3720 15 Abandoned Pesticide Collection – 8 a.m.-1 p.m. – Crawford County Farm

Bureau, Van Buren, Ark. – 479-474-5286 16 Deadline for Master Gardener Program Applications – Cleburne, Stone,

Van Buren and Searcy County, Ark. – Cost is $75 – Course starts

November 3 – 501-362-2524

11 Heart of the Missouri Limousin Sale – Laclede County Fair Pavilion, Lebanon,

Mo. – 817-821-6263 12 Parker Angus Ranch Fall Bull Sale – at the Ranch, Waurika, Okla. – 800-352-1903 17 National Red Poll Cattle Assn. Show & Sale – Springfield Livestock Marketing

Center, Springfield, Mo. 17 Circle A Angus Ranch Bull & Female Sale – at the Ranch, Iberia, Mo. – 1-800-CIRCLE-A 17 Heart of the Ozarks Angus Association Fall Sale – Ozarks Regional Stockyard,

West Plains, Mo. – 417-872-5570 17 Route 66 SimGenetics “Road to Success” Sale – Chappell’s Sales Arena,

Strafford, Mo. – 417-236-3899 17 Midwest Beef Alliance Fall Bull & Female Sale – Marshall, Mo. – 660-895-5008 17 Seedstock Plus Fall Bull Sale – Joplin Regional Stockyards, Carthage, Mo.

– 877-486-1160 17 Byergo Family Angus Sale – at the Ranch, Savannah, Mo. – 816-261-7132 21-22 Dismukes Ranch Fall Online Sale – at the Ranch, Checotah, Okla. – 916-995-3549 22 Kirkes Black Angus Ranch Fall Production Sale – at the Ranch, Talihina,

Okla. – 918-465-7830

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Dr. Hildreth & Associates are Missouri licensed General Dentists. They are not licensed in Missouri as specialists in the advertised dental specialty of Prosthetics.

Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Cattlemen’s Seedstock Directory

Hudspeth Farms

Angus

870-439-2285

Jac’s Ranch - Bentonville, Ark. - 479-273-3030 44 Farms - 501-940-0299 www.rosebudfeeders.com

Balancers

Bob Harriman Genetics Montrose, Mo. - 660492-2504

Brangus

Hatfield Brangus Bentonville, Ark. - 479273-3921 - 479-531-2605 Rose Bud Feeders - 501940-0299 - www. rosebudfeeders.com Townsend Brangus - Rose Bud, Ark. - 501-9400299 - 501-556-2046

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Yearling Santa Gertrudis Bull

Herefords

Allen Moss Herefords - Vici, Okla. - 580-9224911 - 580-334-7842 mossherefords.com

Sim Angus

Bob Harriman Genetics Montrose, Mo. - 660492-2504

Simmental

Lazy U Ranch - Haskell, Okla. - 918-693-9420

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OFN is looking for freelance writers in the following counties in Arkansas: Benton, Boone, Carroll, Franklin, Johnson, Logan, Newton, Pope, Scott, Searcy, Sebastian, White and Yell In Oklahoma: Craig, Le Flore, Mayes, Muskogee, Ottawa, Rogers, Wagoner

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Now when you advertise in Ozarks Farm & Neighbor, you have three options: 1) Reach more than 10,000 livestock producers across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma; 2) Reach more than 14,000 livestock producers across Southwest Missouri; 3) Reach more than 24,000 livestock producers in the The Cattlemen’s Sweetspot by advertising in both Arkansas/Oklahoma & Missouri editions.

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HUGE 2 DAY LIQUIDATION AUCTION November 6&7 • Polk County, Mo. Time to be announced • Oct. 19th issue

 Established Flea Market items!  Lots of Antiques Antique Furniture Depression Glass FarmPro Tractor w/4’ Groom Mower Truck with Dump Bed (needs work) Rooms and Rooms of Items to be Auction Off.

Watch for time of auction and more detailed listings in Oct. 19th of Ozarks Farm & Neighbor You won’t want to miss this HUGE 2 Day Auction!

9/28/15

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

Serving More Than 24,000 Readers Across Northwest Arkansas & Eastern Oklahoma

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Ozarks Farm & Neighbor • www.ozarksfn.com

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015