Ozgun Karsli | Architecture and Design Portfolio 2019-2021 by Özgün Karslı

PARALLODGE AN AUTOMATED HOUSING PLATFORM taught by Gilles Retsin Mollie Claypool Manuel Jimenez Garcia Kevin Saey Sonia Magdziarz Parallodge establishes a crowd-funding platform that connects enabling people at both ends of the social resource spectrum Here, the trading of parts allows users to dynamically alter the space, and to extend or reduce the space they own in

investors and residents, to get what they need. the level of privacy of relation to their needs.

A spatial organisation driven by minimal surface allows spaces to interlace with one another, facilitating a gradual mutation of their use. This spatial continuity eases the transition from private to public space and vice versa. Individual users must input their spatial requirements to get their customised surface elements. Following this, all chunks are combined to determine the overall structure. Parallodge’s building blocks emerge through the use of a combinatorial algorithm that approximates their arrangement, using the underlining minimal surface as guidance. A transportable fabrication hub is designed to complete the production of the blocks directly on site. A discretised cable network is used to post-tension the building blocks, thus achieving structural continuity. The organisation of the post-tensioned network and building blocks provides an assembly sequence that is translated into an augmented reality application with step-by-step instructions. This AR app is used by workers on-site to ease the construction process.

PARALLODGE AN AUTOMATED HOUSING PLATFORM 03 Automated Design Process

PLATFOR M

03_4 PAYBACK SYSTEM

Smart Contract & Payback System

Surface

Cross section

Functions in Private Space

Longitudinal section

Prototype A-1

Building Prototype A-1

After determining the basic form of the payback system, we also determined that the form of the building was based on a minimal surface based on its pattern. Stage 1

Private space user

Land resources

Network of people

Bedroom Bathroom

Throughout the process of payback, private Public space user

s p a c e s a re c o n s t a n t ly i n c re a si n g a n d

Living room

functions are gradually completed, while public spaces are gradually shrinking. In the final state, most of the entire building is private space (residential) and a small part

Location analysis

User input

in public space (public function, profitable). Stage 2

Bedroom Bathroom

Smart Contract Living room Kitchen

Preference of space

Location

Samll, cheap lots

Lack of some public function

Job opportunities & convenient

Bedrooms Bathroom

Stage 3

transportation

Living room Kitchen

Initial state

Parallodge Housing Platform

Final state

Payment cycle Function change

Bedrooms Bathroom

Stage 4

P LAT FO R M

Study room Living room Kitchen

03_4 PAYBACK SYSTEM

Private space user payback money on time

Pay for less than a half

Pay for half

Pay for more than a half

££

£££

Inner Space

In our project, space is designed to be

Private space

separated because of the payback system.

Public space

In the beginning, two kinds of users

Space change

should input their needs for space and the system will generate the whole structure.

20%

Stage 1

1st Year

private space

public space

Start form Stage 3

Start form Stage 2

In the process of payback, what form the house changes is a matter of great concern

to us. After some attempts, we believe

+£

that in the final form, public space and

Pre-ordered ownership

Affordable Developable

Functional

Collective

space

ownership

private space must exist at the same time.

Profit

Only in this way can it attract investors in public space. Moreover, in the process of

Stage 2

40%

change, the functions of public space and

private space

public space

40%

5th Year

private space should not be interlaced, only

private space

public space

5th Year

the boundary between them is changing. +£

When signing a contract, users can choose

Parallodge Housing Systrm

+£

the starting area size and complete the

Fianl output of Parallodge

e n t i r e p ay b a c k p r o c e s s s e ve ra l t i m e s according to their current economic situation and housing needs. After confirming this

60%

Stage 3

public space

10th Year

information, the system will automatically

Construction

private space

60%

private space

public space

60%

private space

public space

10th Year

generate changes in the building space. +£

+£

Off-site component making

On-site overall assembly

Off-site partial assembly

AR assistant tool

Stage 4

＋ Coexistence of public space and private space

Promised & perfect private space

80% 15th Year

private space

public space

80% 15th Year

private space

public space

80%

private space

public space

15th Year

Profitable public space 25

PLATFORM, APP AND MEREOLOGY

Investors

Public Space Users

Investors

Invest

Choose a Function

Space Demand Input

Payback Process

Join Parallodge

To get profit

Customise the space

Public space become smaller

£ Public Space Private Space

Time

U SER I N T ER USFAC ER EIN T ER FACE 05 05_1 PARALLODGE 05_1 APP PARALLODGE APP USER I NTER U SER FAC I NTER E FACE 05 05 05_1 PARALLODGE 05_1APP PARALLODGE APP

Payback Process

Construction

Customise the space

Pay & get bigger space

Change the space

In Parallodge App, we provide In Parallodge a platform App, to we provide stages atoplatform get control to of their stages livingtospace get control in of their living space in

Residents

connect investors and residents, connect theninvestors provide and residents, the building, then provide and manage thethe payback building, system and manage the payback system space for both residents and space public for both spaceresidents or and theirpublic investment. space

A RC A RC H I THIT ECEC T UTRUAL R AL P RO P RO T OTTO YTPYEP E

Space Demand Input

or their investment.

Residents

users. They will join the app users. in They different will join the app in different

Investors

0 40 4 04_204_2 SPACE SPACE TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION RESEARCH RESEARCH

Residents Investors Investors

Based Based on theon research the research of different of different mini- mini-

Investors Investors

Investors Public Space Users

Public Space Users

Invest

Invest Choose a Function

Space Choose Demand a Function Input

Space Payback Demand Process Input

Payback Process

Join Parallodge

Join To get Parallodge profit

Customise To get profit the space

Customise Public space the space become smallerPublic space become smaller

mal surface, mal surface, we design we design the space the space trans- transformation formation strategy strategy for different for different minimal minimal surface surface prototype. prototype.

AUTOMATED HOUSING PLATFORM APPLICATION INTERFACE

Payback Process

Payback Payback stage stage

Public Space

Private Space

Time

Minimal Minimal surface surface

Aggregation Aggregation

Time

Stage-1 Stage-1

U S ER INUTSER ERFAC INETUER S ER FAC I NET ER FAC E 5 05 05_1 0 PARALLODGE 05_1 APP PARALLODGE 05_1APP PARALLODGE APP

Space Demand Input

Space Payback Demand Process Input

Payback Construction Process

Construction

Customise the space

Customise Pay & getthe bigger space space

Pay Change & get bigger the space space

Change the space

Residents

Choose a Function

Space Demand Input 51

Space Demand Input

Payback Group Connected Payback Group Connected

Payback Process 52

Residents Residents

Payback Process

Construction Process

Residents

Construction Process

Stage-2 Stage-2

Residents Residents

Stage-3 Stage-3

Construction Process

Choose a Function

Choose Space a Function Demand Input Space Demand Input

Space Demand Space Demand Input Input Space Demand Input

Space Demand Input Payback Group Connected Payback Group Connected Payback Group Payback Connected Process

Payback Process

Payback Construction Process Process Construction Process

Construction Process

Section Section

Minimal surface Minimal surface

Aggregation Aggregation

Section Section

EC T UR A L P RO T O T Y PE

L SURFACE TYPOLOGY RESEARCH

DISCRETIZED MINIMAL SURFACE RESEARCH

t type of minimal

the minimal sur-

mension. Through

ete component to

ty of minimal sur-

ARCH I TEC T URA L P RO T O T Y PE 04_2 SPACE TRANSFORMATION RESEARCH

FLEXIBILITY OF THE SPACE AND STRUCTURAL IDEA

04 Stage 1

ARCHI ARCHI TECTTEC URAL TURAL PROTOT PROTOT YPE YPE 04 SPATIAL CHANGE AFTER PAYBACK 04_3 POST-TENSION 04_3 POST-TENSION REASEARCH REASEARCH Stage 2

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM LOGIC Stage 1

Stage 3

Stage 2

Stage 3

We find out the We structure find out the linestructure can be used line can as the be rout usedof as the rout of post-tensionpost-tension system. The system. perpendicular The perpendicular tension system tension system can ensure can the ensure structural the stability structural of stability one minimal of one minimal sur-face chunk. sur-face chunk.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Connection Node

BUILDING BLOCK DETAILS

- Cable Rotation 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES:Buckle: TYPE E To & Fmanipulate the path of the cables.

C OM P ON EN T D ETA I LS ON EN TTYPES: D ETA I LS 06 C OM 06_4P COMPONENT TYPE C&D 06 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE C &D Shear Sustaining Rod Tension Node Buckle Cable Rotation Buckle

BLOCK TYPES AND CONNECTIONS

POST TENSIONING OF BLOCKS Local Connection

Positive Connection

Positive Connection Negative Connection Face

Finishing 50mm Plywood

Negative Connection Face Negative Connection Face

Negative Connection Face

Tension Node Buckle

Galvanized Cable

Positive Connection

Negative Connection Face

** Type E has 2 Positive Connections which enable

Negative Connection

** Type Fconnection has 1 Negative which enables ** Type C has 2 Negative faceConnection which

** Type D has 1 Negative Connection which enables

Type C has 2 Negative connection whichand 1 Positive Connection lengthening theface structure allows lengthen the structure. Shear **Sustaining Rod

connection from the void parts of the component.

LVL Boards

Positive Connection

Cable Rotation Buckle Negative Connection Face

Positive Connection

** Type D has 1 Negative Connection enables lengthening the structure and 1which Positive Connection

allows lengthen the structure. which enables connecting with void parts of the

lengthening structure and 1 Positive Connection which the enables connecting with void parts of the which component. enables connecting with void parts of the

component.

Plywood

Global Connection

C O M PONE NT D ETA I LS Glue

06_3 POST TENSION APPLICATION ON COMPONENT

C O MP O NE NT D ETA I LS 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE A & B

** Shows the subtracted or added

C OM P ON EN T D ETA I LS

06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE G & H

parts in between different types of

components compared with Type A.

have of hybrids can we generate according to their face

developed and used them in the assembly of

We are using post tensioning as our construction method and galvanized cables as tensioning tool.

Glue

- Second one is, Local Connections to sustain the Shear Movement between connected edges.

** Shows subtracted or added partsthe in between different types of

components compared with Type A.

** Shows the subtracted or added parts components in between different of A. comparedtypes with Type

of the cables.

- Shear Sustaining Rod: To connect two ** There are two different types of tensioning between two components: interlacing faces together. 1- By using Global Cables sustaining the Tension Forces in the whole structure. - Tension Node Buckle: To set and adjust the 2- By using Local Cables sustaining the Shear Movement between two. tension of the cable connections. 61 - Cable Rotation Buckle: To manipulate the path

- First one is; Global Connections to sustain the Tension Forces in the whole structure.

** Shows the subtracted or added ** . Shows the subtracted or added ** theinsubtracted or added parts intypes between parts between different of different types of . Shows parts in between different types components compared with Type A. components compared withofType A.

and edge connection attributes.

the blocks.

**There are two different types of tensioning we have developed:

06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE G & H

Isometric View (5 components get connected)

Then we have investigated how many different types

There are 3 connection bits that we

C OMPONENT DETAILS

Negative Connection Face

Neutral Connection Face

Positive Connection Face

Positive Connection

Positive Connection Face

Front View (5 components get connected) 62

Shear Sustaining Rod

Tension Node Buckle

Neutral Connection Face

Cable Rotation Buckle

Neutral Connection Face

Positive Connection Face Neutral Connection Face

Connection Node

Positive Connection Face

Glue

Installations Local Connection

** Type A has 2 neutral connection face which

** Type B has 1 neutral connection face which allows

allows to connect on 100 mm LVL outer structural

to connect on 100 mm LVL outer structural faces,

faces.

1 negative connection face which allows lengthen

** Type G has 2 Positive Connections which enable

** Type H has 1 Neutral Connection which allows

lengthen the structure.

to connect on 100 mm LVL outer structural faces

the structure.

** Type G has 2 Positive Connections which enable

** Type H has 1 Neutral Connection which allows and 1 Positive Connection which enable connecting

lengthen the structure.

connect oncomponent. 100 mm LVL outer structural faces with voidto parts of the and 1 Positive Connection which enable connecting

Tension Node Buckle Finishing 50mm Plywood

with void parts of the component.

** Shows the subtracted or added

Galvanized Cable

C OM P ON EN T D ETA I LS 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE A & B

** Shows the subtracted or added

parts in between different types of

Glue

parts in between different types of

components compared with Type A.

Cable Rotation Buckle

C OM P ON EN T D ETA I LS 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE A & B

components compared with Type A.

COMP ONENT DETAILS 06_4 COMPONENT TYPES: TYPE E & F

Then we have investigated how many different types

of hybrids can we generate according to their face

and edge connection attributes.

** Shows the subtracted or added

parts in between different types of ** Shows the subtracted or added components compared with Type A. parts in between different types of

parts in between different types of ** Shows the subtracted or added components compared with Type A. parts in between different types of components compared with Type A.

components compared with Type A.

Shear Sustaining Rod

70 69

Negative Connection Face Neutral Connection Face

Neutral Connection Face

Negative Connection Face

Positive Connection

Global Connection

Glue

COMPONENT D ETAI LS

Isometric View (5 components get connected)

Neutral Connection Face

Negative Connection

** Type A has 2 neutral connection face which

** Type A has 2 neutral connection face which ** Type B has 1 neutral connection face which allows

** Type B has 1 neutral connection face which allows

allows to connect on 100 mm LVL outer structural

allows to connect 100 LVL outer structural connect on 100 mm LVLwhich outerenable structural faces, ** Type on Etohas 2 mm Positive Connections

to connect on 100 Connection mm LVL outer structural ** Type F has 1 Negative which enables faces,

faces.

1 negative whichConnection allows lengthen lengthening theconnection structure andface 1 Positive

1 negative which allows lengthen connection from the connection void parts offace the component. the structure.

** There are two different types of tensioning between two components: 1- By using Global Cables sustaining the Tension Forces in the whole structure. 2- By using Local Cables sustaining the Shear Movement between two.

theenables structure. which connecting with void parts of the component.

PVC Pipes

Front View (5 components get connected)

d from

Neutral Connection Face

Positive Connection

LVL Screws Rockwool

Neutral Connection Face Neutral Connection Face

06_2 COMPONENT ARTICULATION

** Shows the subtracted or added components compared with Type A.

COMPONENT DETAILS

A (60x60x60) Voxel

06_6 INITIAL ASSEMBLY PROPOSALS Sample 1

Sample 2

Sample 3

Sample 4

3 (60x60x60) Voxels

Merging of the Voxels

Getting Rid of the Excess Parts

Optimisation for Fabrication

Separating Into Parts for Fabrication

Sample 5

Fully Assembled Component

LVL Boards

** Shows the subtracted or added ** Shows the subtracted or added ** Shows the subtracted or added parts in between different of different types of parts in types between

parts in between different types of

** Shows the subtracted or added

parts in between different types of

partsdifferent in between types of parts in between types different of

components compared with Type A.

components with Type A. components compared with compared Type A.

components compared with Type A. components compared with Type A.

COMPONENT D ETAILS

Glue

06_5 BLOCK TYPES ACCORDING TO FINISHES

Plywood

Glue

The design of the component was started with a

uniform cube such as simple as a box. Then it evolved decided to use of universal beam as the typology.

600mm 1800mm

Then we have tried to connect several amounts of blocks with our cable connection logic. These are some initial experimentations on assemblage 73

Laminated Veneer Lumber (100mm)

600mm

A A Type (x2) B Type (x1)

B C

C Type (x4) 59

C Assembled Component

Closed Component

BLOCK TYPES ACCORDING TO FINISHES

HOUSE BLOCK PARTS INDEX

INITIAL PARTS MANUALLY AGGREGATED

through the idea of doing more with less and we Closed Component

Structural Parts

Structural Parts Glue

Glue Insulation Finishing

Plain Finishing

Structural Parts

Installations Translucent Finishing

Plain Finishing

Glue

Exploded Component Glue

LVL Screws Rockwool

PVC Pipes

The blocks have 7 simple parts fabricated from 100 mm laminated veneer lumber.

Insulated type

Plain type 71

Translucent type

Translucent type 2 72

ASSEM BL AGE 07 A07_1 CABLE BL GENERATION LOGIC S SEM AG E POST TENSIONED CABLE SYTEM GENERATION LOGIC SSEM AGE LOGIC 07 A07_1 CABLEBL GENERATION 07 07_1 CABLE GENERATION LOGIC

As we have a work flow from mesh to voxels, the same logic implemented with meshes subdivisions to generate the cable networks. This mesh has intersecting subdivision lines in two As we have a work flow from mesh to voxels, the same logic implemented with meshes subdirections. As wedivisions have a work flow from voxels, the same logic meshes lines sub- in two to generate themesh cabletonetworks. This mesh hasimplemented intersecting with subdivision

Meshes was taken as our initial investigation typology and this is a sample of how aggregations were generated from meshes. Meshes was taken as our initial investigation typology and this is a sample of how aggregations were

divisions to generate the cable networks. This mesh has intersecting subdivision lines in two directions. directions.

Meshes was from takenmeshes. as our initial investigation typology and this is a sample of how aggregations were generated generated from meshes.

Cable Network Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 1 Stage 1

Stage 2 Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 3 Stage 3

According to X direction Slices Cable Network Cable Network According to X direction Slices According to X direction Slices

Cable Network According to X direction Slices Cable Network Cable Network According to X direction Slices According to X direction Slices

Cable Network Both Directions Intersection

Cable Network Both Directions Intersection Cable Network Both Directions Intersection

As implemented to our aggregation the mesh subdivision lines will generate the post tension cables.

As implemented to our aggregation the mesh subdivision lines will generate the post tension cables. As implemented to our aggregation the mesh subdivision lines will generate the post tension cables.

Section 1

Section Section 11

Section 2

Section Section 2 2

Components assembled with cables

77 77

Components assembled cables Components assembled withwith cables

Cable Network

According to X direction Slices

Cable Network - Both Directions Intersection

Cable Network Cable Network According to X direction According to X direction SlicesSlices

Cable Network Cable Network 78 According to X direction According to X direction Slices Slices

Cable Network - Both Directions Intersection Cable Network - Both Directions Intersection

A S S EMB L AG E S S EM B LAG E OF SAMPLE AGGREGATION 07_3ACONSTRUCTION STEPS

CONSTRUCTION STEPS OF A SAMPLE AGGREGATION 07_3 CONSTRUCTION STEPS OF SAMPLE AGGREGATION

Step 1

Public Space Multi Functional Space

Step 1

Step 1 Step 1

Shear Sustaining Shear Sustaining Rod (x1203) Rod (x1203)

Cable Rotation Cable Rotation Buckle (x783) Buckle (x783) Tension Node Tension Node Buckle (x2194) Buckle (x2194)

Staircases

Global Cables Global Cables

Local Cables Local Cables

ASSEM B L AG E

Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE Step 1 07_2 SAMPLE AGGREGATION TO SHOW

Step 1 Step 1

Place Holder (x20) Place Holder (x20)

Isometric View 1

Isometric View 2

Components (x241)(x241) Components

Stage XStage (20 Stages) X (20 Stages)

AS SStep EM B LEMB AG EL AG E AS SHolder Step 1Place 1-Holder Place Step 2-CONSTRUCTION Blocks Step 2- Blocks 07 07_3 STEPS OF SAMPLE AGGREGATION 07_3 CONSTRUCTION STEPS OF SAMPLE AGGREGATION Step 3- Global Cables

Public Space Multi Functional Space

Step 3- Global Cables Step 4-Step Local 4-Cables Local Cables

5- Buckles and Connection Components Step 5-Step Buckles and Connection Components

specific construction for this sample aggregation be seen in detail. Each Each specific construction stepstep for this sample aggregation cancan be seen in detail.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Stage 7

Stage 8

Stage 9

Stage 10

Staircases

Stage 5

Stage 6

Stage 11

Stage 12

Isometric View 1

Stage 14

Stage 13

Stage 14

Stage 1

Stage 13

This is another experimental aggregation to understand the sequence of the construction.

Stage 15

Stage 16

Stage 12

Cable Network

According to X Direction Slices

According to Y Direction Slices

Cable Network - Both Directions Intersection

Isometric View 2

This is another experimental aggregation to understand the sequence of the construction. Stage 15

Stage 6

Cable Network

Stage 17

Stage 16

Stage 17

Cable Network Stage 18

Stage 18

According to X Direction Slices (Global Cables)

Cable Network According to Y Direction Slices (Local Cables) 80

Cable Network - Both Directions Intersections

FA BR I CAT I ON

FABRICATION TO CONSTRUCTION PHASES

FABRI CAT I ON

08_2 LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER (LVL) FABRICATION PROCESS

08_3 COMPONENT FABRICATION PROCESS (OFF-SITE)

Sorting

Peeling

Drying and Grading

Steaming

CNC Milling Stockpile 2

Trimming the Edges Debarking Log Carrier

Chainsaw Added Cutting Tool

FABRICATION

08_1 WOOD HARVESTING

Sorting

Peeling

Logistics to the LVL Manufacturing Factory

2. Processing of the Timber

Pressure Application

1. Harvesting Timber

Logistics to the 3. Prefabrication of the Blocks Stockpile

4. Construction of the Building Stockpile 1

Logistics to the Assembly Table

LVL Sheet

- On-Site Fabrication

Debarking

4. Construction of the Building Adhesive Application

Stockpile 2

Process of the Material

1. Harvesting Timber

Terrain

2. Processing of the Timber - Off-Site Fabrication

Log Scale 3

Tree Excess

- On-Site Fabrication

- Off-Site Fabrication

Stockpile

- On-Site Fabrication 4. Construction of the Building

Log Scale 2

Path

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks

Logistics

Stockpile 2

2. Processing of the Timber

Construction

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks

LVL Sheet

4. Construction of the Building

Stockpile 3 Assembly Slots

4. Construction of the Building

Logistics to Construction

4 Path

Log Carrier

Tree

Log Scale 1

Logistics

Assembling Robot

Log Scale 3

Tree Excess 1

Log Scale 2

Terrain

Stockpile 4

Logistics to the Site

Steps of LVL Boards’ production.

Log Carrier

Steps of block production off-site.

95 91

FA BR I CAT I O N

Logistics to the Site

Glue Dispenser

Steps of block production off-site.

Steps of LVL Boards’ production.

Logistics to the Shipping Vehicle

Logistics to the Assembly Table

- On-Site Fabrication

Packaging Robot

Assembling Robot

- Off-Site Fabrication

Logistics

Pressure Application

Glue Dispenser

1. Harvesting Timber

Logistics to the

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks

Log Scale 1

Stockpile 4

Stockpile 1

1. Harvesting Timber

Logistics to the LVL Manufacturing Factory

Tree

Process of the Material

Assembly Table

Process of the Material

2. Processing of the Timber

Path

Stockpile 2

Stockpile 3 Assembly Slots

Pressure Application

Chainsaw Added Cutting Tool Wood Cutting Machine

Logistics to the Shipping Vehicle

CNC Milling

the Edges - Off-SiteTrimming Fabrication

- Off-Site Fabrication - On-Site Fabrication

Packaging Robot

Drying and Grading of the Timber 2. Processing

Steaming

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks

Log Carrier

Stockpile 1

Process of the Material

1. Harvesting Timber

Path

Assembly Table

08_3 COMPONENT FABRICATION PROCESS (OFF-SITE)

Pressure Application

Process of the Material

FA BRI CATI O N

FABRICATION

Stockpile 1

Wood Cutting Machine

Adhesive Application

08_2 LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER (LVL) FABRICATION PROCESS

08_4 COMPONENT FABRICATION PROCESS (ON-SITE)

Operator

FA BR I CAT I O N

08_5 CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

AR-Augmented Post Tensioning

Pressure Robot Building Hologram

Electricity and Power Depot

Glue Dispenser Unit

Building Block Stockpile

Building Block Output Process of the Material Transportable Fabrication Hub

Process of the Material

1. Harvesting Timber 2. Processing of the Timber

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks - Off-Site Fabrication - On-Site Fabrication

3. Prefabrication of the Blocks

Stockpile

- Off-Site Fabrication - On-Site Fabrication

4. Construction of the Building

CNC Milling Robot Path

Pick and Place Robot

Path

Conveyor Constructing Site

Robot Trail

Path

Assembled Slice

Stockpile LVL Sheet Input 1

Proposal on how fabrication could be optimized to a small fabrication hub. By using three

The last stage is the construction of the building and it has two paramaters . First param-

industrial robots in collaboration a fully automated phase of production was aimed in this

eter is producing the blocks in the transportable fabrication hub then via the help of the

stage. As an input LVL sheets enter the hub and as an output building blocks produced.

augmented reality glasses the assemblage of the parts.

Augmented Labour

Logistics to the Site

Assembly Trial Plane

100

ON SITE HOUSE BLOCK FABRICATION HUB

FA BR I CATI O N

08_7 DETAILS OF FABRICATION HUB

FABRICAT ION

08_11 PRODUCTION STEPS OF A BUILDING BLOCK

FABRICATION

08_11 PRODUCTION STEPS OF A BUILDING BLOCK

CNC Milling Robot

Pressure Application Robot Robot working envelope, side view

CNC Milling Robot

Step 2: CNC Milling

Step 1: Place

Pick and Place Robot

Step 2: CNC Milling

Step 1: Place

Pressure Application Robot

CNC Milling Robot

Pressure Application Robot

Robot working envelope, top view

Step 3: Pick

Step 4: Place

Step 3: Pick

Step 4: Place

Pick and Place Robot

While we have been designing the on site fabrication hub we considered the working envelopes of the robot and top view from the hub can be seen.

FABR ICATION

Step 5: Glue Application

08_6 SETTING UP ON-SITE FABRICATION HUB

Step 6: Pressure Application

Step 5: Glue Application

We are using 3 robots in our on site fabrication

Step 6: Pressure Application

hub. 1.

CNC (the only job is the milling)

Pick and place robot (as this robot on the trail it does all pick and place labour for the hub)

3. Pressure Application robot (only job is the pressure application)

Isometric View of the Fabrication Hub

Top View of the Fabrication Hub

105

106

113

114 113

114

FA BR I CAT I ON

08_6 SETTING UP ON-SITE FABRICATION HUB

SETTING UP THE ON SITE FABRICATION HUB

Setting the base for the fabrication hub

Assembling the sheeting material

Setting the fences

Setting the prodution line

Setting the base for the fabrication hub

Assembling the sheeting material

Setting the fences

Setting the prodution line

Placing the robots

Puttingthe LVL Sheets as an input

Processing the LVL Sheets into Building Blocks

Building blocks as an output

103

104

09_5 TOOLS USED IN ASSEMBLAGE Post Tension Stressing Jack

INSTALLATION

To apply the tension to the cables a tool called post tension sterssing jack has been used. The main working principle of the tool is to pull the cable into opposite directions whilst pushing to the other.

Scaffold

AR Glasses (Hololens)

Scaffold

Cable Scissors (To apply pressure to the cables.)

Parts to be Placed

Pressure Pump Motor

Parts to be Placed Place-holder Locations according to AR Setup

(To see the construction Placing the Blocks to the specified locations Placing the Global Cables according to AR instructions.)

Place-holder Locations according to AR Setup

Placing the Blocks to the specified locations

Place-holder Locations according to AR Setup

Placing the Blocks to the specified locat

(To cut the cables.)

Placing the Global Cables according to AR

Building Block

Building Block (Provides pressure to the tool.)

Global Cables

C O NS TRUCTI CONSON TRUCTIO N 9 OF09_4 09_40STEPS CONSTRUCTION STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION (HOUSING CHUNK) (HOUSING CHUNK) Placing the Local Cables according to AR

Buckles and connection assembly

Global Cables

CONS TRU CTION

Further Steps of Housing Further Chunk Steps Aggregation of Housing Chunk Aggregation

Local Cables Completed Assembly Layer

09_5 TOOLS USED IN ASSEMBLAGE

Placing the Local Cables according to AR

125

126

Buckles and connection assembly

Completed Assembly Layer

Placing the Local Cables according to AR

Post Tension Stressing Jack

125

129

126

Wrench

126

Cable Scissors (To apply pressure to the cables.)

(To tighten the shear sustaining rods.) All the construction steps are embedded into a

Pressure Pump Motor

software and it needs to be used as it is. The AR

(To see the construction 1. Whole Cable System 1. Whole Cable System Step 1

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

instructions.)

holograms shows the steps, instructions and also the

2. Whole Cable System ShownCable in AR System Blocks Shown in AR Blocks 2. Whole (To cut the cables.)

exact locations of the parts to be constructed.

Step 4

(Provides pressure to the tool.)

Two builders applying post tension to a global connection (blue)

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7 127

Step 8

3. Placed Building Blocks 3. Placed Building Blocks

4. Finishes Installed 4. Finishes Installed 128

Buckles and connection assembly

Local Cables

128

129

130

The builder checking out the AR Instructions

09_2 AGGREGATION PROROCESS

AGGREGATION CO M P U TAT I ON

0BLOCK 9 09_4 AGGREGATION PATTERN PLACE METHOD ALGORITHM

09_3 STUCTURE VOXELIZATION TEST

Structure Voxelization Space Definition and Pattern Place

Space Definition and Pattern Place

We find the closest voxel centres from each We activate the voxels in 3D grid which mesh point and instantiate the voxels. Different are crossed by the surface. After the voxel cluster radius and different isolation value will structure is built, we start from a random also influence the shape of the mesh, therefore point to put the component in X, Y, Z direclead to different voxel structure. tions. The total number of components is

We activate the voxels in 3D grid which are crossed by the surface. Optimise Component Directions After the voxel structure is built,

Structure Voxelization

we start from a random point We start from one point as the centre to put the

The amount of the to voxel fixed, and we change putisthe component in X, Y,the Z

component and check if the next point is in the

proportion of components in different directions. The totaldirections number ofto

previous component. if it is, we will skip it; if

get the optimized result. components is static. By chang-

not, we put the next component according to it.

Voxelization Test Part 1

X Box

Y Box

ing the proportion of numbers of

static. By changing the proportion of num-

Z Box

bers of each direction to test, finally we

can get an optimized result.

each direction to test, finally we From voxels to blocks

can get an optimized result.

Logic of Voxelization

1 Input Site Boundary

2 Create Space Grid

0.002758

Logic of Pattern Place

1 Mesh Points

Check Voxel Centers

Delete Voxel Center in Placed Component

3 Adjust Cluster Centroids

4 Create Mesh

5 Generate Mesh Points

0.002958

Delete Voxel Center in Placed Component 3 a=100

AG G R EG AT I O N C O M P U TAT I O N

09_2 AGGREGATION PROROCESS

Next Voxel Center as Component Space Definition and Center Pattern Place

b=100

Repeat Until Finish

c=100

a=65, b=35

a=30, b=30,c=40

AG G REG ATION COMPUTATION 09_3 STUCTURE VOXELIZATION TEST Next Voxel Center as Component Center

2 Voxel Centers

Repeat Until Finish

6 Find Closest Voxel Centers

137

Space Definition and Pattern Structure Place Voxelization

We activate the voxels in 3D grid

a=50, b=50

7 Voxelize Mesh 138

8 Place Components

0.003158

139

Voxelization Test Part 1

Voxelization Test Part 2

We activate the voxels in 3D Wegrid findwhich the closest voxel centres from each

which are crossed by the surface.

meshthe point and instantiate the voxels. Different are crossed by the surface. After voxel 142

141

After the voxel structure is built, Optimise Component Directions we start from a random point

cluster radius and different isolation value will structure is built, we start from a random

to put the component in X, Y, Z The amount of the voxel is fixed, and we change the directions. The total number of proportion of components in different directions to components is static. By changget the optimized result. ing the proportion of numbers of

lead to different tions. The total number of components is voxel structure.

point to put the component inalso X, Y,influence Z direc- the shape of the mesh, therefore

X Box

Y Box

Z Box c%

static. By changing the proportion of numbers of each direction to test, finally we can get an optimized result.

each direction to test, finally we From voxels to blocks

can get an optimized result.

Logic of Voxelization

1 Input Site Boundary

2 Create Space Grid

0.002758

0.003358

0.002758

0.003358

5 Generate Mesh Points

0.002958

0.003558

0.002958

0.003558

8 Place Components

0.003158

0.003758

0.003158

0.003758

1 Mesh Points

Check Voxel Centers

a=100

b=100

c=100

a=65, b=35

Delete Voxel Center in Placed Component

a=50, b=50

3 Adjust Cluster Centroids

4 Create Mesh

a=30, b=30,c=40

2 Voxel Centers

Next Voxel Center as Component Center 137

Repeat Until Finish

6 Find Closest Voxel Centers

7 Voxelize Mesh 138

139

140

AGGREG AT I O N CO MPUTATION 09_6 AGGREGATION SOFTWARE

AGGREGATION COMPUTATION

Proportion Test

Aggregation Process Based on the voxelized structure, we

Based on the voxelized structure, we

do the test with 995 voxels. Different

are crossed by the surface. After the

proportion of the three directions will After the early experiment us-

proportion of the three directions will

voxel structure is built, we start from a

ing grasshopper, we made our lead to different shape detail as well

lead to different shape detail as well

random point to put the component in X,

aggregation software by use as a total amount of components,

as a total amount of components,

related to the point-in-component

checking process.

Surface Voxelization and Pattern Place We activate the voxels in 3D grid which

Y, Z directions.

of unity.

This aggregation software a l l o w u s e r to i m p o r t t h e minimal surface prototype

S430 X100 Z173 Y157 S430 X100 Z140 Y190 X23% Z40% Y37%X23% Z33% Y44%

S430 X100 Z140 Y190 X23% Z33% Y44% Then the mesh will be voxDirection Priority as mesh into the space grid.

1 Inport Surface

Direction Priority

elized. According to these

S430 X100 Z173 Y157 X23% Z40% Y37% Increase Voxel Amount

S510 X100 Z173 Y237 X20% Z34% Y46% Increase Voxel Amount

S533 X100 Z352 Y81 S510 X100 Z173 Y237 X19% Z66% Y15%X20% Z34% Y46%

voxels, it’ll place the building

1 Import Mesh

In the meanwhile, the order of the components by our pattern

In the meanwhile, the order of the

In the previous tests, we do a ran-

place logic. direction will also make a difference.

direction will also make a difference.

dom decrease of points before vox-

As we try the z direction in the first

elization to make it quicker to test. In

in the previous part, then we do the will also be informed of the study with a priority of X direction. amount of voxels and build-

in the previous part, then we do the

this part we increase the voxels to do

In the meanwhile, the user

study with a priority of X direction.

ing blocks, and the size of this

this part we increase the voxels to do AGGREGAT ION COM P U TAT ION proportion test.

proportion test.

09_5 PATTERN PLACE

building model. 2 Voxelize Surface

User will also be allowed to

S443 X170 Z70 Y203 S434 X170 Z106 Y158 X38% Z16% Y46%X39% Z24% Y37%

S434 X170 Z106 Y158 rotate the model, and switch X39% Z24% Y37%

2 Voxelizaiton

between the surface proto-

type and block chunk to know

S443 X170 Z70 Y203 X38% Z16% Y46%

S460 X200 Z170 Y90 X43% Z37% Y20%

S452 X200 Z139 Y113 S460 X200 Z170 Y90 X44% Z31% Y25%X43% Z37% Y20%

S568 X300 Y219 Z49 X53% Y38% Z9%

S466 X300 Z90 Y76 S568 X300 Y219 Z49 X64% Z20% Y16% X53% Y38% Z9%

The amount of the voxel is fixed,

it better.

and we change the proportion of components in different directions to get the optimized result.

AG GREG AT I O N C O M P U TAT I O N Process 09_5Aggregation PATTERN PLACE

3 Generate Building Blocks

3 Pattern Place

147

After the early experiment us-

148

ing grasshopper, we made our

S414 X170 Z121 Y123 X41% Z29% Y30%

aggregation software by use of unity.

S421 X170 Z149 Y102 S414 X170 Z121 Y123 X40% Z36% Y24%X41% Z29% Y30%

145 Proportion Test

This of aggregation The amount the voxelsoftware is fixed,

145

S421 X170 Z149 Y102 X40% Z36% Y24% Gathering Extent of Directions

146

a l l o w u s e r to i m p o r t t h e

and we change the proportion of minimal surface prototype

Based on the voxelized structure, we

components in different directions as mesh into the space grid.

do the test with 995 voxels. Different

to get theThen optimized result. the mesh will be voxelized. According to these

Different gathering extent within

proportion of the three directions will

the same direction will make differ-

voxels, it’ll place the building

lead to different shape detail as well

components by our pattern

as a total amount of components,

place logic.

ent shapes of the structure, while the total amount of voxels remains the same.

related to the point-in-component

The four pictures show results ac-

checking process.

In the meanwhile, the user will also be informed of the

cording to different jitter value of S394 Z134 X100 Y160 Z34% X25% Y41%

amount of voxels and building blocks, and the size of this

Gathering Extent of Directions

disorganizing theY141 three directions. S408 Z167 X100 Z41% X25% Y34%

j=0.326

j=0.537

j=0.765

j=0.954

building model.

3 will also be allowed to DifferentUser gathering extent within

the model, and switch the samerotate direction will make differbetween the surface proto-

ent shapes of the structure, while type and block chunk to know

the total itamount better. of voxels remains the same. The four pictures show results according to different jitter value of disorganizing the three directions.

j=0.326 5

j=0.537 6

148

S401 Z104 X170 Y127 Z26% X42% Y32%

S399 Z67 X170 Y162 Z17% X43% Y40%

143

CABLE G ENER ATION

10_1 GENERATION LOGIC

CABLE GENERATION ALGORITHM

After learning the relationship between the two components,

When the aggregation process is completed, all voxels

we list the pattern of cable patterns inside the component when

have been assigned to the size of three components in a

checking the 12 adjacent voxel positions around each component.

group. Based on it, we need to check the neighbor again and

(0,1,-1)

determine the internal cable pattern according to the position relationship between the neighbor component and component.

When the cable is generating, according to the different positions

(1,1,0)

of neighboring voxels, the system will generate different cable patterns.

(0,1,0) (-1,1,0)

We test the various adjacency relationships of two

(0,1,1)

components and the corresponding cable internal trend. Two Neighbours Patterns

(0,0,-1)

(1,0,0) (0,0,0)

(-1,0,0)

(0,0,1)

(0,-1,-1)

(1,-1,0) (0,-1,0)

(-1,-1,0)

(0,-1,1)

CA BLE GENE R AT IO N

155

10_3 GENERATION PROCESS

156

Chunk 03

Chunk 04

344

Voxel Number 3344

Voxel Number 2371

Block Number 1393

Block Number 985

157

158

CA BLE GENE R AT IO N 10_3 GENERATION PROCESS

CABLE GEN E R AT I O N E G ENE RATION 10 10_3 GENERATION PROCESS

Chunk 02

ERATION PROCESS

10_2 CABLE PATTERNS

One Neighbour Patterns

L E G ENE RBL AT IEOComponent NEN E R AT I O NNeighbour Voxel CA G 10 PROCESS NERATION 10_3 GENERATION PROCESS

CA BL E G EN E R ATI O N

Voxel Number 582 Block Number 244 Chunk 02 Chunk 03

Chunk 04

Voxel Number 3344

Voxel Number 2371

Block Number 1393

Block Number 985

Chunk 04

Voxel Number 582 Block Number 244

Voxel Number 2371 Block Number 985

04 165

165

166

163

164

Housing dimension aggregation sample

INSTALLATION ARC H ITECTURA L EXPLO RAT I O N 11

11_2 DISCRETE MINIMAL SURFACE TRUNK

We designed different minimal surface trunk system according to the character of different type of minimal surface. In this system, the minimal surface is defined

Set up circulation core

as circulation core, and we designed living plane and

Adding living plane

Adding enclosure plane

Turbool smooth

enclosure plane.

Minimal surface trunk sample 2

Circulation core

Living plane

Enclosure plane

ARCHITEC T URA L EXPLO RAT I O N

Housing dimension aggregation sample

11_2 DISCRETE MINIMAL SURFACE TRUNK

191 Set up circulation core

Adding living plane

Adding enclosure plane

Turbool smooth 191

187 Minimal surface trunk sample 2

Circulation core

Living plane

Enclosure plane

188

MAL SURFACE TRUNK

ARCHIT ECTURAL EXPLOR ATION

ARCHITECTURAL EXPLORATIONS 11 11_2 we DISCRETE MINIMAL SURFACE TRUNK urface prototype,

Aggregation of lowpoly minial surface trunk

- FIRST ATTEMPTS

Turbool smooth

Trunk aggregation sample

system. Through the Aggregation of lowpoly minial surface trunk

nk to shape the dif-

Turbool smooth

Based on the variation of minimal surface prototype, we designed discrete minimal surface system. Through the

aggregation of minimal surface trunk to shape the difunk sample 1

ferent spatial arrangement.

Minimal surface trunk sample 1

A RCHI ARC TECHITEC TURAL TURAL EXPLORATION EXPLORATION 11 11_1 HOUSING 11_1 HOUSING FORM ATTEMPTS FORM ATTEMPTS 183

184

183

184

Aggregation sample

Payback stagePayback stage

Stage-1

Stage-2

Stage-3

Stage-1

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 3 172

Public space Public space

Stage-2

Unit 5

Unit 4

Public space Public space

Stage-3

171

172

Unit 5

HOUSING PROPOSAL - SPACE SYNTAX

A RCH A RCHITEC I TEC TURAL TURAL EXP EXP LO R LO ATRIO ATNIO N 11 1111_3 HOUSING 11_3 HOUSING PROPOSAL PROPOSAL

Stage-1 Stage-1

Office

Stage-2 Stage-2

Stage-3 Stage-3

Cafe

Restaurant Restaurant

Communal Communal garden garden 2

Market Market Public circulation Public circulation

1 Gym

Private circulation Private circulation

201

Gym

202

ARCHITECTURAL A RCHEXPLORATIONS ITEC TU RA L

11_3 HOUSING PROPOSAL

EXPLOR ATI ON

Minimal surface

Elevation A

Housing proposal

205

Elevation B

206

ARC H I T EC TURAL EXPLORATION ARCHITECTURAL EXPLORATIONS 11 11_3 HOUSING PROPOSAL

ION EXPLOR AT I O N

A RC HI T EC T U R A L EXP LOR AT I ON 11_3 HOUSING PROPOSAL

Minimal surface

11 11

ARCHI ARCHI TEC TEC TU TU RR AA L LEXP EXP LOR LOR AT AT I ON I ON 11_3 11_3 HOUSING HOUSING PROPOSAL PROPOSAL

Housing proposal

203

Housing proposal

203

Housing proposal 204

Elevation A

204

Housing proposal

Elevation B Elevation A surface Minimal Minimal surface

Elevation A

Elevation B

204

Elevation Elevation A A

209

Housing proposal Housing proposal

209209

Elevation Elevation B B

210210

INITIAL PUBLIC SPACE INTERIOR

FINAL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPACE INTERIORS

VARIOUS HOUSING COMPLEX EXTERIORS