Falastin Volume 5 Issue 3

Page 19

‫ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ‬

‫ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺏ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻊ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ﺍﻟ ﻐ ﺭﺑ ﻲ ﻣ ﻥ ﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺳ ﺟ ﺩ ﺑ ﺟ ﺎﻧ ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﻠﻲ؛ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑ ﻧ ﺎﺋ ﻬ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺻﻭﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺗﺣﻭﻟﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﺻﻠﻳﺑﻲ ﺇﻟ ﻰ ﻛ ﻧ ﻳ ﺳ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﻌﺩ ﺗﺣﺭﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺩﻳﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻡ ﺗﺧﺻ ﻳ ﺹ ﻗﺳ ﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻣﺻﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻧﺳﺎء‪ ،‬ﺑﻳﻧﻣﺎ ﺗﻡ ﺗﺣﻭﻳﻝ ﻗﺳﻡ ﺁﺧﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻭﻣﺳﺗﻭﺩﻉ ﻟﻠﻣ ﺳ ﺟ ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺗﺗﺣﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺑﺷﻛﻝ ﺭﺳﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻﺭ ﺳﻧﺔ ‪1922‬ﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺧﺯﻥ ﻟﻠﻘﻧﺎﺩﻳﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺿﺎء ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃ ّﻣﺎ ﻓﻳﻣﺎ ﻳﺗﻌ ّﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﺻﺭ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻘﺩ ﺷﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺱ ﺍﻟ ﻬ ﺟ ﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻁﺑﻘﺎ ً ﻟﻠﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺭﻳﺧﻳﺔ‪ -‬ﺗﺑﻠﻭﺭ ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺟﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺣﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻠﺳﻁ ﻳ ﻥ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺱ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺷﻬﺩ ﻋﺻﺭ ﺍﻷﻳﻭﺑﻳﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻣﺎﻟﻳﻙ ﻧﻬﺿﺔ ﻋﻠ ﻣ ﻳ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ ﻭﺣﺭﻛﺔ ﻓﻛﺭﻳﺔ ﺗﻣﺛﻠﺕ ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ ﻅ ﺎﻫ ﺭ ﻣ ﺗ ﻌ ﺩﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﻧ ﻬ ﺎ ﺍﻟ ﺑ ﺩء ﻓ ﻲ ﺇﻧﺷ ﺎء‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺛﺭﺓ ﺇﻧﺷﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﺟﺩ ﻭﺗﻌﻣﻳﺭﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ﺍ ّﻟﺫﻱ ﺭﺑّﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺷﻳﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺗﺭﺓ ﺗﻌﺩ ﻓﺗﺭﺓ "ﺍﻟﺫّﺭﻭﺓ" ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟ ﺗ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺩﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ ً ﻣﻠﺣﻭﻅﺎ ً ﻓﻲ ﺑﺩﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻛﻡ ﺍﻟﻌ ﺛ ﻣ ﺎﻧ ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﻲ ﺍﻟ ﻘ ﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺳ ﺟ ﺩ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻛﻥ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻻﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺑﺙ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺎﺩ ﻟﻠﺗﺭﺍﺟﻊ‪ ،‬ﻧﺗﻳﺟﺔ ﻟﻠﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺳّﻳﺎﺳ ّ‬ ‫ﺍ ّﻟﺫﻱ ﺷﻬﺩﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺛﻣﺎﻧﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺗﻳﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑ ﻲ ﺍﻟﺳ ﻳ ﺎﺳ ﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎﺩﻱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺱ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻧﻁﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﻌ ﻛ ﺱ ﺳ ﻠ ﺑ ﺎ ً ﻋ ﻠ ﻰ ﺍﻟ ﻘ ﺩﺱ ﻭﻣ ﻛ ﺗ ﺑ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻳﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ ﻣﻥ ﺣﻳﺙ ﺛﺭﺍء‬ ‫ّ‬

‫ﻟﻣﺣﺔ ﺗﺄﺭﻳﺧﻳّﺔ ﻣﻭﺟﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﻛﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﺛﻳﺭ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻠﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻭﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺧﺯﺍﺋﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ؛ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﻌﻭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻧﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻟﺙ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺟﺭﻳّﻳﻥ‪ .‬ﻳﺷﻳ ﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻳﻪ )ﺕ ‪ 340‬ﻫـ‪ 951 /‬ﻡ( ﻓﻲ ﻛﺗﺎﺑﻪ 'ﺍﻟﺑﻠﺩﺍﻥ' ّ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻟﻸﻗﺻ ﻰ ﻓ ﻲ ﺯﻣ ﻧ ﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺗّﺔ ﻋﺷﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻭﺗًﺎ )ﺻﻧﺩﻭ ًﻗﺎ( ﻟﻠﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺑﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓ ﻲ ﻛ ﺗ ﺎﺏ 'ﺍﻟ ﻌ ﻘ ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻳﺩ' ﻻﺑﻥ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺭﺑّﻪ )ﺕ ‪ 368‬ﻫـ‪ 951 /‬ﻡ( ّ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ ﺳﺑﻌﻳﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻁﻭﺭﺕ ﺧﺯﺍﺋﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟ ﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻ ﻰ ﻭﺗ ﻭ ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺻﺣ ًﻔﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺎﺿﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﺿﺎءﻟﺕ ﺑﺣﺳﺏ ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ‪ .‬ﻭﻟ ﻌ ّﻝ ﺃﻗﺳ ﻰ ﺿ ﺭﺑ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺭﺿﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺯﻣﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺗﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻧﺟﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ 492‬ﻫـ‪ 1099 /‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣ ﻳ ﺙ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُﺩ ّﻣﺭﺕ ﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻋﺩﻳﺩﺓ ﻭﺃُﺣﺭﻗﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻣﺭ ﺍ ّﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻭﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺩﻳﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻛﺗﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻬ ّﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﺗﺷ ﻳ ﺭ ﺑ ﻌ ﺽ ﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺻ ﺎﺩﺭ ﺇﻟ ﻰ ﺍﻟ ﺗ ّ ﺣ ّﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺣ ﻳ ﺙ ﺣ ﻭﻟ ﺕ ﺇﺑ ﺎﻧ ﻪ‬ ‫ﻲ ﺍ ّﻟﺫﻱ ﺷﻬﺩﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺩ ﺍﻟﻌ ﺛ ﻣ ﺎﻧ ّ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳّﻠﺑ ّ‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺇﻧﺷﺎء ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺙ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﺄﺳﻳﺱ ﺍﻟﺣﺩﻳﺙ ﻟﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1922‬ﻭﺫﻟ ﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﻣﺟﻠﺱ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺷﺭﻋﻲ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺭﺋﺎﺳﺔ ﻣﻔﺗﻲ ﻓ ﻠ ﺳ ﻁ ﻳ ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟ ﺣ ﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺳﻳﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﻛﺎﻧﺕ ﺗﺣﻣﻝ ﺍﺳﻡ 'ﺩﺍﺭ ﻛ ﺗ ﺏ ﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺳ ﺟ ﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻ ﻰ' ﻭﻛ ﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺣﻭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺛ ّﻡ ﻧُ ِﻘ َﻠﺕ ﺑﻌﺩ ﺫﻟﻙ ﺇﻟ ﻰ ﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺩﺭﺳ ﺔ ﺍﻷﺳ ﻌ ﺭﺩﻳ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﺛ ّﻡ ﺇﻟ ﻰ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،1929‬ﺣﻳﺙ ﺑﻘﻳﺕ ﻣﺧﺯﻭﻧﺔ ﻓﻳﻪ ﻭﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ ﻣﺩّﺓ ﺧ ﻣ ﺳ ﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺗﺣﻑ‬ ‫ّ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺱ‪ :‬ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺟﺩ ﺍﻷﻗﺻﻰ ﺍﻟﻣﺑﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺳﺔ ﻳﻭﺳﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺏ‬ ‫‪19‬‬


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