Type Through the Decades A Showcase of 100 Fonts By: Paige Reading
1905 "Bloody Sunday" - Russian Revolution of 1905 Einstein Proposes His Theory of Relativity Freud Publishes His Theory of Sexuality
1901 Australia Becomes a Commonwealth First Nobel Prizes Awarded First Trans-Atlantic Radio Signal Queen Victoria Dies U.S. President McKinley Assassinated
1906 The Dreadnought Launched Finland First European Country to Give Women the Right to Vote Kellogg's Starts Selling Corn Flakes President Roosevelt Simplifies Spelling San Francisco Earthquake Upton Sinclair Writes The Jungle
1902 Boer War Ends Mount PelĂŠe Erupts The Teddy Bear Is Introduced U.S. Passes the Chinese Exclusion Act
1907 Ten Rules of War Established at the Second Hague Peace Conference First Electric Washing Machine Picasso Introduces Cubism Typhoid Mary Captured for the First Time
1903 WSPU Founded by English Suffragist Emmeline Pankhurst First License Plates Issued in the U.S. First Message to Travel Around the World First Silent Movie, The Great Train Robbery First World Series Plague in India The Wright Brothers Make the First Flight at Kitty Hawk
1908 Earthquake in Italy Kills 150,000 Ford Introduces the Model-T SOS Accepted as Universal Distress Signal Three Year-Old Pu Yi Becomes Emperor of China The Tunguska Event: Huge and Mysterious Explosion in Siberia Turks Revolt in the Ottoman Empire
1904 First Popular American Film Ground Broken on Panama Canal New York City Subway Opens Russo-Japanese War Begins Trans-Siberian Railway Completed
1909 Japan's Prince Ito is Assassinated NAACP Is Founded Plastic Is Invented Robert Peary Becomes the First to Reach the North Pole
1900
1900 Boxer Rebellion in China Italy's King Umberto I Assassinated Kodak Introduces $1 Brownie Cameras Max Planck Formulates Quantum Theory Sigmund Freud Publishes The Interpretation of Dreams
Morris Fuller Benton Born: November 30, 1872, Milwaukee Died: June 30, 1948, Morristown Headed the design department of the American Type Founders, for which he was the chief type designer from 1900 to 1937.
Century series (1900-23) Globe Gothic (1900-08) Card Mercantile (1901) Typo Script (1902) Engravers Bold (1902) Franklin Gothic series (1903-12) Cheltenham series (1903-13) Bold Antique (1904) Typo Upright (1905) Cushing Antique (1905)
Engravers Shaded (1906) Norwood Roman (1906) Engravers Old English (1906) Clearface series (1907) Monotone Gothic (1907) News Gothic series (1908) Commercial Script (1908) Bodoni series (1909-33) Hobo (1910) Clearface Gothic (1910)
Copperplate Gothic Shaded (1912) Packard (1913) Antique Shaded (1914) Adscript (1914) Souvenir (1914) Goudy series (1916) Garamond series (1919-31) Baskerville Roman (1915) Freehand (1917) American Caslon (1919)
1900s
Eckmann Otto Eckmann
1902
1900
Caslon 540
ATF’s Cheltenham
American Type Founders
Franklin Gothic Morris Fuller Benton
News Gothic
Morris Fuller Benton
1905
Morris Fuller Benton
1903
Caslon 3
1908
American Type Founders
“There is a white man's burden, a burden which the white man should not shirk even if he could, a burden which he could not shirk even if he would...”
“The White Man's Burden” William Jennings Bryan London, England July 4, 1906
1910
Rudolf Koch Born: November 20, 1876, Nuremberg Died: April 9, 1934 Typeface Creator, German calligrapher, typographic artist and teacher. He was primarily a calligrapher with the Gebr. Klingspor foundry.
Deutsche Schrift (1908-1921) Maximilian Antiqua (1913-17) Wilhelm Klingspor-Schrift (1920-1926) Deutsche Zierschrift (1921) Koch Antiqua / Locarno (1922) Neuland (1922-1923) Deutsche Anzeigenschrift (1923-1924) Jessen (1924-1930) Wallau (1925-1934) Kabel (1927-1929)
Offenbach (1928) Zeppelin / Kabel Inline (1929) Marathon (1930-1938) Prisma (1931) Claudius (1931-1934) Holla (1932) Grotesk-Initialen (1933) Koch Current (1933) Neufraktur (1933-1934)
1910s
Clearface Gothic Morris Fuller Benton
1915
1910
Caslon Open Face Barnhart Brothers & Spindler Foundry
Maximilian Antiqua Rudolf Koch
1917
“I am here as a soldier who has temporarily left the field of battle in order to explain - it seems strange it should have to be explained - what civil war is like when civil war is waged by women...” “Freedom or Death” Emmeline Pankhurst Hartford, Connecticut November 13, 1913
1920
Eric Gill Born: February 22, 1882, Brighton Died: November 17, 1940, Uxbridge Typeface Creator, British sculptor, typeface designer, stonecutter and printmaker, who was associated with the Arts and Crafts movement. Education: Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design Books: An essay on typography, A holy tradition of working
Perpetua (1926) Gill Sans (1927–30) Perpetua Greek (1929) Golden Cockerel Press Type (1929) Solus (1929) Joanna (1930–31)
Aries (1932) Floriated Capitals (1932) Bunyan (1934) Jubilee (1934) Pilgrim (1953)
1920s
Offenbach RudolfKoch
Koch Antiqua Rudolf Koch
1923
1922
Neuland Rudolf Koch
Gill Sans
Granjon
Eric Gill
1927
George William Jones
1929
1926
Futura
1928
Solus
Paul Renner
Eric Gill
Kabel
Memphis
Rudolf Koch
Emil Rudolf Wolf
Perpetua Eric Gill
“Why does the Children's Era still remain a dream of the dim and distant future? Why has so little been accomplished?...” “The Children's Era” Margaret Sanger New York, N.Y. March 30, 1925
1930
Chauncey H. Griffith Born: 1879, Ohio Died: 1956 Typeface Creator, American printer and typeface designer. Began his career as a compositor and pressman. In 1906 he joined the Mergenthaler Linotype Company as part of their sales force.
Ionic No. 5 (1922–1925) Poster Bodoni, P.B. Compressed (1929) Granjon (1930) Excelsior (1931) Paragon (1935) Bookman (1936) Opticon (1935–1936)
Memphis Extra Bold, E.B. Italic (1936) Janson (1937) Bell Gothic (1938) Ryerson Condensed (1940) Corona (1941) Monticello (1946)
1930s Joanna Eric Gill
Janson
Chauncey H. Griffith
Bank Gothic Morris Fuller Benton
1930
1931
Albertus
Berthold Wolpe
Times New Roman Victor Lardent
1932
1934
Bayer Type
Wallau
Herbert Bayer
Rudolf Koch
1935
1936
Peignot
A. M. Cassandre
Bookman
Chauncey H. Griffith
1937
1938
Bell Gothic
Chauncey H. Griffith
“So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance...” “The Only Thing We Have to Fear is Fear Itself” Franklin Delano Roosevelt East Portico of the U.S. Capitol Washington D.C. March 4, 1933
1940
Roger Excoffon Born: September 7, 1910, Marseille Died: 1983, Paris French typeface designer and graphic designer. Studied law at the University of Aix-en-Provence, and after, moved to Paris to apprentice in a print shop.
Chambord (1945-51) Diane (1956) Banco (1951) Calypso (1958) Mistral (1953) Antique Olive (1962-1966) Choc (1955)
1940s
1941
Corona
Chauncey H. Griffith
Brush Script
Palatino
Robert E. Smith
1945
Hermann Zapf
1942
Chambord
1948
Roger Excoffon
“Ladies and gentlemen, the United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power...” “Iron Curtain” Winston Churchill Westminster College Fulton, Missouri March 5, 1946
1950
Hermann Zapf Born: November 8, 1918 (age 94), Nuremberg German typeface designer who lives in Darmstadt, Germany. He is married to calligrapher and typeface designer Gudrun Zapf von Hesse. Zapf's work, which includes Palatino and Optima, has been widely copied, often against his will.
Aldus Aldus nova AMS Euler Aurelia Comenius Edison Hunt Roman Kompakt Marconi
Medici Script Melior Michelangelo Noris Script Optima Optima nova Orion Palatino Palatino nova
Palatino sans Palatino sans informal Palatino Arabic Saphir Sistina Vario Venture ITC Zapf Book ITC Zapf Chancery
ITC Zapf Dingbats ITC Zapf International URW Antiqua URW Grotesk Zapf Essentials Zapf Renaissance Antiqua Zapfino Zapfino Extra
1950s
Helvetica
Arena
G.G.Lange
Banco
Max Miedinger
Mistral
Optima
Roger Excoffon
1952
Roger Excoffon
1954
Hermann Zapf
1951
Melior
1953
Univers
1955
Hermann Zapf
Adrian Frutiger
Aldus
Hermann Zapf
1956
Champion Hermann Berthold
Letter Gothic Roger Roberson
1957
“My Fellow Americans, I come before you tonight as a candidate for the VicePresidency and as a man whose honesty and integrity has been questioned...” “Checker” Richard Nixon Los Angeles, C.A. September 23, 1952
1960
G端nter Gerhard Lange Born: April 12,1921 in Frankfurt Died: December 2,2008 in Munich German typographer and teacher. Longtime artistic director of the H. Berthold AG. Awards: Frederic W. Goudy Award (1989), Honorary Member of the "Typographic Society Munich" (1990), Medal of the Type Directors Club New York Type Directors Club (2000), Design Award of the City of Munich (2003)
Arena Solemnis Boulevard Champion El Greco Concorde
Concorde Nova Akzidenz Grotesk Book Franklin Antiqua Garamond Walbaum Caslon
Berthold Script Berthold Imago Baskerville Bodoni Old Face Whittingham
1960s
1962
1961
Antique Olive Roger Excoffon
1964
1963
1967
1965
1968
“I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal...” “I Have a Dream” Martin Luther King Lincoln Memorial Washington D.C. August 28, 1963
1970
Adrian Frutiger Born: May 24, 1928 (age 84), Interlaken Typeface designer who influenced the direction of digital typography in the second half of the 20th century and into the 21st. He is best known for creating the Univers and Frutiger typefaces.
Ondine (1954) President (1954) Meridien (1955) Egyptienne (1956) Univers (1957) Apollo (1962) Serifa (1967) OCR-B (1968) Iridium (1975) Frutiger (1975)
Glypha (1977) Icone (1980) Breughel (1982) Versailles (1982) Linotype Centennial (1986) Avenir (1988) Westside (1989) Herculanum (1990) Vectora (1990) Linotype Didot (1991)
Pompeijana (1992) Rusticana (1993) Frutiger Stones (1998) Frutiger Symbols (1998) Linotype Univers (1999) Frutiger Next (2000) Nami (2006) Frutiger Arabic (2007) Frutiger Serif (2008) Neue Frutiger (2009)
1970s ITC Kabel Victor Caruso
✩✴✣ ✺❁❐❆ ✤❉■❇❂❁▼▲
Frutiger
Adrian Frutiger
(ITC Zapf Dingbats) ★❅❒❍❁■■ ✺❁❐❆ (Hermann Zapf)
ITC Bauhaus
Helvetica Rounded
Ed Benguiat and Victor Caruso
ITC Souvenir
ITC Cheltenham
Ed Benguiat
1974
1971
ITC Avant Garde Herb Lubalin
Max Miedinger
ITC Benguiat
Tony Stan
1977
1975
ITC Garamond Tony Stan
Ed Benguiat
1978
“Good evening. This is the 37th time I have spoken to you from this office, where so many decisions have been made that shaped the history of this Nation...”
“Resignation Speech” Richard Nixon Washington D.C. August 8, 1974
1980
Ed Benguiat Born: October 27, 1927 (age 85), New York City American typographer. He has crafted over 600 typefaces including Tiffany, Bookman, Panache, Edwardian Script, and the self-titled typefaces Benguiat and Benguiat Gothic.
Souvenir (1970) Avant Garde Gothic (1974) Korinna (1974) Tiffany (1974) Bauhaus (1975) Bookman (1975) Benguiat (1977/79) Barcelona (1981)
Modern 216 (1982) Caslon 224 (1983) Panache (1988) Century Handtooled (1992) Cheltenham Handtooled (1992) Garamond Handtooled (1992) Edwardian Script (1994)
1980s
Caslon 224 Ed Benguiat
1982
Arial Black
Robin Nicholas Patricia Saunders
Arial
Robin Nicholas Patricia Saunders
Arial Rounded Robin Nicholas Patricia Saunders
Arial Narrow Robin Nicholas Patricia Saunders
Helvetica Neue
Lucida
Erik Spiekermann
1984
1983
Industria Neville Brody
ITC Flora
Gerard Unger
Charles Bigelow Kris Holmes
1987
1985
Charter
Matthew Carter
“We're here to mark that day in history when the Allied armies joined in battle to reclaim this continent to liberty...” “D-Day Address” Ronald Reagan U.S. Ranger Monument Pointe du Hoc, France June 6, 1984
1990
Jonathan Hoefler Born: August 22, 1970 (age 42) American typeface designer. Hoefler founded Hoefler & Frere-Jones, a type foundry in New York that Hoefler shares with fellow type designer Tobias Frere-Jones.
Gestalt (1990) Champion Gothic (1990) Hoefler Text (1991) Ideal Sans (1991) Ziggurat (1991) Leviathan (1991) Mazarin (1991) HTF Didot (1992) Requiem Text (1992) Saracen (1992)
Acropolis (1993) NYT Cheltenham (1993) Knox (1993) Historical Allsorts (1994) Knockout (1994) Fetish (1994) Neutrino (1994) Quantico (1994) Oratorio (1994) Troubadour (1994)
William Maxwell (1994) Deseret (1995) Jupiter (1995) Pavisse (1995) Verlag (1996) Giant (1996) New Amsterdam (1996) Hoefler Titling (1996) Plainsong (1996) Kapellmeister (1997)
Radio City (1998) Deluxe (2000) Cyclone (2000) Topaz (2000)
1990s
Didot
Adrian Frutiger
1990
Hoefler Text Jonathan Hoefler
Adobe Caslon Pro Carol Twombly
Wingdings (Wingdings) Microsoft (Microsoft)
Wingdings2 (Wingdings 2) Microsoft (Microsoft)
Wingdings3 (Wingdings 3) Microsoft (Microsoft)
1991
1992
Requiem
Big Caslon
Jonathan Hoefler
Matthew Carter
1994
(Webdings) 1996 1998 (Vincent Connare)
Verdana
Matthew Carter
1997
Zapfino
Hermann Zapf
“We pledge to do all we can to help you heal the injured, to rebuild this city, and to bring to justice those who did this evil...” “Oklahoma City Bombing Memorial Address” President Bill Clinton Oklahoma State Fair Arena Oklahoma City, Oklahoma April 23, 1995
2000
Tobias Frere-Jones Born: August 28, 1970 (age 42), New York City American type designer who works in New York City with fellow type designer Jonathan Hoefler at Hoefler & Frere-Jones, a type foundry in lower Manhattan.
Dolores (1990) Garage Gothic (1992) Nobel (1993) Cafeteria (1993) Epitaph (1993) Reiner Script (1993) Stereo (1993) Armada (1994) Hightower (1994) Fibonacci (1994)
Niagara (1994) Asphalt (1995) MSL Gothic (1995) Citadel (1995) Microphone (1995) Pilsner (1995) Reactor (1996) Poynter Oldstyle (1997) Poynter Gothic (1997) Phemister (1997)
Archipelago (1998) Grand Central (1998) Welo Script (1998) Interstate (1999) Griffith Gothic (2000) Retina (2000) Gotham (2000) Nitro (2001) Surveyor (2001) Exchange (2002)
Monarch (2003) Dulcet (2003) Whitney (2004) Argosy (2004) Gotham Rounded (2005) Idlewild (2012) Tungsten (2012)
2000s
Gotham Rounded Tobias Frere-Jones
Archer
Whitney
Arno
2000
Jonathan Hoefler
2002
Tobias Frere-Jones
2006
Robert Slimbach
Gotham
2001
Chronicle
2005
Generis
2007
Tobias Frere-Jones
Jonathan Hoefler
Erik Faulhaber
“Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts...” “9/11 Address” George W. Bush Oval Office Washington, D.C. September 11, 2001
• wikipedia.com • http://typophile.com/node/19024 • “The Fundamentals of Typography” • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthold_Type_Foundry • http://typophile.com/node/30388 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_type_designers • http://tdc.org/tdc2-2010-winners/ • http://www.antsmagazine.com/fonts/50-amazing-free-fonts-for-designers/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typeface • http://web.nickshanks.com/typography/font-descriptions
RESEARCH
Sources Used:
Paige Reading paige.reading@yahoo.com 614.557.9821 http://paigelreading.wordpress.com/