City by Design a n a rc h i t e c t u ra l p e r s p e c t i v e o f d e n v e r
Foreword by Denver Mayor John W. Hickenlooper A Fine Book By
Foreword
by Denver Mayor John Hickenlooper
Shortly after moving to Denver in 1981 as an exploration geologist, I arrived at a career crossroads. The oil boom had gone bust in Colorado. I found myself with a healthy severance check, no immediate job prospects and time on my hands. Inspired by a visit to a northern California brewpub, my partners and I spent two years developing the Wynkoop Brewing Company, the first brewpub in the Rocky Mountains. I was also involved with numerous downtown Denver renovation and development projects, joining the ranks of urban pioneers that helped revitalize Denver’s Lower Downtown historic district.
During the 1980s, Lower Downtown was not the hip and lively LoDo of today. It was a warehouse district, a collection of dilapidated and forgotten buildings that could have been lost but for the collective efforts of the Denver City Council, Downtown Denver Partnership and others who shared a vision of what could be. This foresight and dedication to historic preservation helped infuse a new vitality into what is today a fundamental and vibrant part of the downtown Denver experience.
Denver International Airport, Fentress Architects, page 128
Throughout Denver’s history, entrepreneurs have been drawn here to explore their ideas. When 19th-century architect Frank E. Edbrooke crowned the Colorado State Capitol with a gold dome, visible from miles around, it was then clear that, in Denver, anything was possible.
Denver’s population grew from 4,500 hardy souls in 1870 to over 200,000 full-time residents by 1920. Architects and builders in Denver’s early boom years rushed to the challenge of creating functional yet sophisticated civic buildings, homes, hotels, parks and public attractions. Many of these architects were considered mavericks in their time. The nonconformity of the West provided them the ideal canvas on which to advance their creativity and innovation.
Today, Denver is experiencing a cultural and architectural renaissance. In 2005, we opened the new lyric-style Ellie Caulkins Opera House at the 10-theater Denver Performing Arts Complex—one of the largest performing arts centers in the nation. We also now have two new art museums: the Denver Art Museum’s dramatic new expansion, designed by world-renowned architect Daniel Libeskind, and a new building for the Museum of Contemporary Art Denver, designed by leading architect David Adjaye. The Clyfford Still Museum will soon house the billion-dollar Still art collection, bequeathed to the City and County of Denver.
In 2004, we launched Doors Open Denver to celebrate Denver’s design excellence, enabling residents and visitors to experience the diversity and quality of Denver’s architecture firsthand. Over its first three years, more than 92,000 people toured more than 80 participating buildings of architectural interest, some more than a century old and others brand new.
Colorado Convention Center, Fentress Architects, page 122
One Lincoln Park, Buchanan Yonushewski Group, page 96
EPA Region 8 Headquarters, ZGF Architects LLP, Shears Adkins Architects, Opus A&E, Inc., page 234
Residences at Creekside, Metro West Housing Solutions, Studio Completiva, page 100
1999 Broadway, Fentress Architects, page 182
Having celebrated Denver’s sesquicentennial—our 150th birthday—we recognize the importance of both looking ahead and preserving our history. Recently, Denver was awarded the Preserve America Community Designation, a White House initiative in cooperation with the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation and other federal agencies.
With the launch of Greenprint Denver, our action plan for sustainable practices, we have an opportunity to lead by example in urban design-and-build processes. With high-performance building practices and attaining LEED Silver certification on all new city construction and major renovations, we are fostering community sustainability in all senses of the word: environmental, economic and social equity. We believe that what is good for the environment is good for the bottom line, generating genuine fiscal savings and economic opportunities.
City by Design Denver illustrates how the structures themselves play a vital role in shaping one’s experience and exemplifies many of the reasons why Denver continues to attract the best and the brightest to venture West. In the City Futures chapter, architectural renderings present a first glimpse of projects to come—in both new construction and historic preservation.
Through their vivid imaginations and attention to detail, these architects, designers and developers have paid close attention to creating a true sense of place—buildings that not only accentuate line, scale, space, form and function but also serve as gathering places for individuals and families to live and learn, work and play, explore and dream.
The projects featured in City by Design Denver honor our past and look conscientiously toward our future. They continue to inspire us to envision Denver as the creative capital of the West—a place renowned for its urban design, entrepreneurial spirit, environmental ethics and cultural vibrancy. We hope you will visit these places and let them inspire you.
John W. Hickenlooper Mayor, City and County of Denver
Each day we pass by hundreds of buildings—a mélange of old and new works of architecture—that we likely take for granted, not for lack of interest but because life’s frenetic pace often prohibits asking why, how, when and through whose creativity did the built environment around us come to fruition. Yet it is these very structures, unassuming or prominently placed, that create the brilliantly complex urban and suburban landscapes where our lives unfold.
Imagine being afforded the rare opportunity to gaze inside the walls and around the perimeter of these buildings that are equal parts mysterious, familiar and alluring. Imagine meeting their creators and discovering the forward-thinking design savvy behind the selection of each material, the placement of each door and window, the sculptural use of both classical and contemporary architectural forms. Now turn the page—commence an invigorating journey that is sure to ignite your appreciation or renew your passion for Denver’s architectural fabric.
You will immediately discern City by Design Denver as unique among architectural collections. Indeed, it boasts vibrant photographs of stimulating designs, melded with insightful editorial, yet it does not endeavor to present merely the tallest, widest, newest, oldest or greenest buildings. More precisely, it is a rich, diverse collection of the city’s best—from landmark skyscrapers that define Denver’s majestic skyline to smaller, thoughtfully designed edifices of some of the suburbs’ best-kept secrets. It is a regional compilation of masterfully conceived structures considered preeminent by the locally based architects and developers who have turned intangible RE/MAX International Headquarters, Barber Architecture, The Weitz Company page 206
ideas into built realities that will be enjoyed for generations to come.
Colorado Convention Center, Fentress Architects, page 122
Chapter One -
Built to Play and Stay
The Denver Performing Arts Complex . . . . . . . . . . 16 City and County of Denver’s Division of Theatres and Arenas
INVESCO Field at Mile High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 HNTB Architecture Fentress Architects
Red Rocks Amphitheatre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 City and County of Denver’s Division of Theatres and Arenas
Coors Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 HOK Sport EDAW
Hyatt Regency Denver at Colorado Convention Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 klipp Brennan Beer Gorman Architects
Paul Derda Recreation Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Barker Rinker Seacat Architecture
The Wildlife Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 klipp Overland Partners
Woodlands Grill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Techcon Dallas, Inc. Chapter Two -
Urban Living
Watermark Luxury Residences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Watermark LLC Fentress Architects
Fire Clay Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
AR7 Architects University of Colorado Real Estate Foundation Urban Ventures, LLC
Franklin Loft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Architectural Workshop
Garden Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Sprocket Design-Build
Highland Bridge Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Urban Ventures LLC rhadius p.c.
One Lincoln Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Buchanan Yonushewski Group
Residences at Creekside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Metro West Housing Solutions Studio Completiva
Riverfront Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 4240 Architecture Inc. East West Partners
Uptown Broadway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Van Meter Williams Pollack
Waterside Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 OZ Architecture Shears Adkins Architects
WaterTower Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 Buchanan Yonushewski Group Chapter Three -
City Projects
Urban Ventures LLC Van Meter Williams Pollack LLP Studio Completiva
Colorado Convention Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Art House Townhomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Fentress Architects
Studio Completiva
Block 3B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Denver Housing Authority Studio Completiva
SPIRE, The Nichols Partnership, Inc., RNL, page 268
Campus Village Apartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Fentress Architects
Denver International Airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Blair-Caldwell African American Research Library . . . 134 OZ Architecture
Clayton Lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 The Nichols Partnership, Inc. Tryba Architects RNL Studio InSite Shears Adkins Architects
Clayton Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Saiber Saiber Architecture
Denver Art Museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Studio Daniel Libeskind Davis Partnership Architects
Fillmore Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Gensler
The Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes . . 190 Anderson Mason Dale Architects
College of Arts and Media University of Colorado at Denver . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Architectural Workshop
Frank H. Ricketson Jr. Law Building, Sturm College of Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 H+L Architecture
Medical Education Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 AR7 Architects University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus
RE/MAX International Headquarters . . . . . . . . . . 206
Golden High School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Barber Architecture The Weitz Company
Ion Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Chapter Five -
AR7 Architects
Hobbs: Design
Juan Diego Apartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Sustaining Growth
Stapleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Studio Completiva
Forest City Stapleton, Inc. EDAW
Lincoln Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Cedar Creek Wind Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Westfield Company, Inc. Bradbury Properties, Inc. klipp The Weitz Company
Smoky Hill Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Barker Rinker Seacat Architecture Chapter Four -
Industry Leaders
The Children’s Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 H+L Architecture Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Architects
1999 Broadway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 Fentress Architects
Academic Office 1 at Anschutz Medical Campus . . . 186 Anderson Mason Dale Architects
EDAW
Denver School of Science & Technology . . . . . . . . 222 klipp
The Design Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Architectural Workshop
Erie High School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 H+L Architecture
EPA Region 8 Headquarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 ZGF Architects LLP Shears Adkins Architects Opus A&E, Inc.
Palmer Ridge High School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 H+L Architecture
RiverClay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Zocalo Community Development
Chapter Six - City Futures 1800 Larimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 Westfield Company, Inc.
Denver Justice Center Courthouse . . . . . . . . . . . 252 klipp RicciGreene Associates Harold Massop Associates Architects
North End Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 Thornton Gateway Properties Van Meter Williams Pollack
ORIGAMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Studio Completiva Del Norte Neighborhood Development Corporation
Solera: Eco Urban Living . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Zocalo Community Development
SPIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 The Nichols Partnership, Inc. RNL
Union Station Neighborhood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 East West Partners Continuum Partners, LLC
U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory Research Support Facilities . . . . . . . . . 276 RNL
Van Cise-Simonet Detention Center . . . . . . . . . . 280 OZ Architecture Hartman-Cox Architects
INVESCO Field at Mile High HNTB Architecture Fentress Architects
Bucky Bronco’s New Home: As much as Denverites cherish their NFL Broncos, they equally treasure the “Broncos experience” at their home stadium. Therefore, it was essential that the city’s new, modern and highly functional stadium sustain the traditions established during the Broncos’ 48 years at Mile High Stadium. The Metropolitan Football Stadium District looked to HNTB Architecture of Kansas City as design architect and Fentress Architects of Denver as associate architect to maintain this experience while creating a dynamic and contemporary civic space for Denver residents and Broncos fans. “The real art of iconic public architecture is getting people to see their own greatness in a building,” says Curtis Fentress, Principal-in-Charge of Design, Fentress Architects.
Above: INVESCO Field is a radiant landmark on Denver’s skyline at night. Facing Page: The original 1,600-pound, 27-foot Bucky Bronco, displayed proudly for 25 years at Mile High Stadium, shines atop the new stadium. Photographs by © Tony Eitzel/Denver Panoramic
The new INVESCO Field was designed as a state-of-the-art, iconic structure that would be experienced as a stadium within a park, inviting the continued traditions of tailgating and other pregame activities around its perimeter. Its design welcomes visitors with a human-scale ambiance, and it utilizes technologies that maximize the facility’s overall comforts. The new stadium offers express escalators to the upper deck and conveniently located elevators, making the facility more accessible to all. Open-air pedestrian ramps are integrated and curved into the structure, lending a sinuous shape to the exterior skin that reduces the building’s perceived mass. Additionally, the stadium includes some of the unique elements that have long supported traditions at home games: a horseshoe-shaped stadium, south-wing seating, stands located proximate to the field, and steel risers that enable fans to continue rattling their opponents with the percussive stomping known as “Rocky Mountain Thunder.”
Supporting the “orange and blue” long associated with the team, the stadium’s base is wrapped in team colors with 130,000 bricks stacked 20 feet tall below the base of the stadium curtainwall. The orange bricks have a subtle and naturally occurring blue-colored speckle that brightens with intensity in the sunlight. The bricks were laid in a saw-toothed surface pattern that complements the stadium’s silver metal rim, which creates a rich play of light and shadow on its surface. The natural, anodized aluminum skin gives the exterior a silver sheen that reflects sunshine and produces sparkles of light.
top right: INVESCO Field is shown with the original stadium in the background before its demolition. bottom right: The architects sought to create the feeling of a “stadium within a park” and provided ample space for pre-game activities. FACING PAGE: The new football stadium can seat over 76,000 fans and features six levels with wider concourses and seats. Photographs by © Jackie Shumaker
INVESCO Field’s appearance is enhanced at night by translucent panes within the eastern core that, when backlit, are designed to create a soft, glowing appearance visible from Interstate 25 and downtown Denver. By day, glazed panes allow daylighting into the two large club areas, while the curtainwall’s low-E, high-performance glass improves energy efficiency and reduces solar heat gain. The stadium’s 1.7 million square feet allow for enhanced amenities, such as wider concourses, wider seats and more accommodating restrooms. The six-level design consists of the Field Level, Lower Concourse, Plaza Level Suites, Club Level, Press-Box/Suite Level and the Upper Concourse. Two large club spaces were added and more than 400 concession and retail spaces accommodate a wide variety of visitors’ needs. The stadium features a team office and a Broncos retail store open year-round.
The new 400-million-dollar NFL stadium rises 14 stories and, measuring 860 feet long, 780 feet wide and 160 feet tall, seats over 76,000 fans. It also hosts high school and collegiate sporting events, professional soccer games, concerts, trade shows and more, effectively serving the diverse needs of a large metro community. In 2008, the stadium hosted Barack Obama’s acceptance speech for the Democratic National Convention, which led to the election of America’s first black president. A dynamic and spirited civic space, INVESCO Field has been embraced by Broncos’ fans as their new beloved home while establishing itself as a memorable Denver landmark.
top left: The Broncos defeated the New York Giants 31 to 20 at the Monday night opening game in 2001. Photograph by © Jackie Shumaker bottom left: Broncos fans, known to be among the most diehard fans in the NFL, show up in full force on game day. Photograph by The Denver Post/Hyoung Chang FACING PAGE: The new stadium is illuminated by a brilliant fireworks display at its grand opening performance, an Eagles concert. Photograph by © Jackie Shumaker
One Lincoln Park Buchanan Yonushewski Group
Urban designs are always influenced by the context and geometry of the urban grid, and sometimes the challenge of an unusual site defines potential opportunities. In downtown Denver the original grid for the street layout ran along Cherry Creek, rather than traditional north/south orientations. Most of the large scale buildings in Denver are commercial, but when the first luxury high-rise residences with One Lincoln Park came about, the architects of Buchanan Yonushewski Group found themselves working with just such an opportunity—at the fringe of strange intersections, without an ally or adjacent buildings and the need to resolve the intersection of two city grids. The designers needed something that could represent Denver as well as its new urban residential growth. One Lincoln Park would be a great representation of the promise of urban living.
Facing Page: The detailing of the stone and brick podium contrasts the glass and metal-clad residences above. The interior construction team was lead by David White, Jeff Bailey, Jana Earnest, Shawn Stansbury, Gabriel Vanderstraten and Ashley Johnson. Project Design Team: John Yonushewski, Mark Young, Dee Rendon, Rezan Prananta, Anne Cutrell and Rachael Ahalt. Photograph Š 2009 Jackie Shumaker
One Lincoln Park stands at the intersection of four major downtown street approaches and two lightrail
the building’s spine to the east in contrast to large floor-to-ceiling curtainwall panels to the south. All
stations. The architects saw each approach as an important design opportunity given the varying
orchestrated beneath a distinctive curved roof cap. There is an intentional tension here, with large
orientation, view and site conditions. Each elevation needed to respond individually yet cohesively. The
outdoor spaces opposite sheer faces of glass and metal panels. This is what defines One Lincoln Park, a
north and east side, for example, are a more simplified aesthetic experience against grand terraces
very unique, cosmopolitan building that has a residential character. The series of rooftop terraces creates
and stepped back areas of the south and western exposures. Punched openings in metal panels define
a variety of distinct penthouse-type units at different levels and exposures.
The first 80 feet of One Lincoln Park follow the classic Denver design of masonry, with plenty of retail and restaurant space—some 11,000 square feet—to enhance the pedestrian experience. At the seventh floor, the Owner’s Club features fitness and lounge spaces, with a catering kitchen and expansive spa and pool deck. Then the units begin—180 residences up to 32 floors. With two separate elevator lobbies, the building has a division, a distinctive corridor servicing only five residences, giving a more personal experience. Much of the flooring in the building is made of thin strips of recycled wood, one of several efforts to create sustainable living.
Buchanan Yonushewski Group certainly tested its moxie with One Lincoln Park— triangular parking garages, curved walls and grand terraces can be challenging. Over 300,000 square feet, the residences are ideal for urban living, with valet drop-off, hidden loading docks and even an infinity-edge pool. The tower is a shining example of downtown living in the American West, and for the team at Buchanan Yonushewski Group, One Lincoln Park became a remarkable addition to a catalogue of fascinating Denver structures.
Right: The complexities of the triangular site geometry and program elements demanded a creative response to the building’s form. FACING PAGE Left: With floor-to-ceiling glass, open floorplan and a large terrace, the residences view the Denver skyline beyond. FACING PAGE Right: Rooftop pool and spa deck at the seventh level are located just adjacent the owners’ club and fitness center. Photographs © 2009 Jackie Shumaker
Denver International Airport Fentress Architects
A Truly Revolutionary Design: Well into its development, the terminal at Denver International Airport had reached a crossroads. The key component of the massive complex had overshot its budget by tens of millions of dollars while it lagged behind schedule. Particularly, the terminal design created by a New Orleans firm fell short of Denver officials’ vision for inspiring architecture. So then-mayor Federico Peña and his team asked Fentress Architects—then Fentress Bradburn—to deliver a conceptual design for DIA’s terminal, a signature building as memorable as it was functional. On a deadline of three weeks, Curtis Fentress worked tirelessly for an innovative solution that reined in the budget and schedule, and most notably, created an iconic design.
FACING PAGE: DIA’s peaked white roof evokes the breathtaking Rocky Mountains, establishing the airport as an instantly recognizable, iconic landmark for Denver and Colorado. Photograph © Ellen Jaskol
Fentress’ design broke through the ceiling of a 35-year period in which airports had devolved into
“I envisioned a rejuvenation of airport building through the incorporation of great vaulted spaces, on
“people processors,” with two-by-four ceiling grids, maze-like corridors and dingy fluorescent-lit interiors.
the order of Grand Central Station,” he says. “Passengers were starved for an airport to break the mold
The established “supermarket” design approach trended away from passengers’ needs. Having
of people processors. I had the opportunity to transfix the wonder of flight and the magnificence of the
researched airport design for his master’s thesis, Curtis Fentress, a protégé of I.M. Pei and the head of his
natural surroundings into an airport terminal.” DIA opened in 1995 and immediately captured worldwide
own established firm, vowed to change this trend.
attention, not only for its unforgettable appearance but also for its evolved passenger experience. DIA has been voted the “Best Airport in North America” by the Business Traveler magazine reader survey
As design principal, Fentress applied his Patient Search philosophy by creating an initial set of his own
four consecutive years, 2005 through 2008. DIA ranked as the fourth “Favorite American Architecture”
sketches that kicked off a series of brainstorming design charrettes. “Ultimately, we decided to flip DIA
landmark completed in the last 15 years in a 2007 public poll by the American Institute of Architects.
upside down,” Fentress says, recalling the process of creating the largest and most famous Teflon-coated,
Federico Peña, former Denver Mayor and Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation, praises DIA
fiberglass, tensile-membrane roof in the world. “We took all of the mechanicals off the roof. This freed us
as fulfilling his greatest ambitions for the project; “(The airport) is a testament to the potential of the human
up to create this super-light, cutting-edge structure, a canopy saturated with light, that is actually very
spirit in creating a global gateway recognized throughout the world.”
close to the original concept sketches.” The sculpted canopy is suggestive of the majestic, snowcapped Rockies, the rugged covered wagons of the pioneer settlers, Native American teepees, and even “a nursing mother dog on her back.” Fentress laughs when recalling that comment. “No, I wasn’t insulted by the dog comparison. This sincere, little lady came up to me with that observation after a lecture, and I respect and embrace her artistic interpretation.”
ABOVE: Curtis Fentress created a revolutionary airport design when he “flipped DIA upside down,” crafting the world’s largest and most famous Teflon®-coated, fiberglass tensile-membrane roof. The super light, cutting-edge structure closely resembles his original concept sketches. Sketch by Curtis Fentress, Fentress Architects Facing PAge: The south end of DIA’s terminal features a majestic curtainwall stretching 220 by 60 feet, offering stunning panoramic views of the Front Range while allowing passengers to bask in warm sunlight. Photograph © Timothy Hursley
If DIA has permanently elevated our expectations of airports as iconic public architecture, certainly DIA
Fentress Architects coordinated the efforts of 27 sub-consultants, six owner consultants, five contractors,
has been at least as revolutionary in shaping the passenger experience “airside to curbside.” Fentress
and 12 government agencies to complete DIA. Opened in 1995, the airport is now the nation’s fourth
airports are known for being intuitive in navigation, streamlined, infused with light, wide open with
busiest airport, serving more than 51 million passengers annually. Fentress credits the City and County
ethereal spaces, and granting moments of repose and comfort for the weary traveler. The interior of
of Denver and the airport’s leadership team, as “it takes a great client to create great architecture.”
DIA is exquisitely complemented by a collection of 26 sculptures, murals, installations and artist-designed
Propelled by the commissions for DIA, Incheon International Airport in Seoul, Korea (voted “World’s
floors, making it one of the nation’s largest integrated public art programs.
Best Airport” by more than 200,000 international travelers in an annual survey by Airports Council International for four consecutive years, 2005 through 2008), and now the long-awaited modernization
As a pioneer in sustainable design, Fentress set the groundwork for a fully green DIA, which has since been
of Los Angeles International Airport, Curtis Fentress certainly has revolutionized the way the world looks
carried out. Natural daylight bathes the interior of the terminal via numerous clerestories, curtainwalls
at its airports.
with a low-e coating and the translucent roof. The roof material reflects 20 percent of solar radiation in the summer and warms the interior in the winter. The canopy drastically reduces the need for indoor lighting during daylight hours, capitalizing on Denver’s 300 days of sunshine per year. DIA’s “solar farm” has 9,000 panels producing 3.5 million kilowatts of electricity. And DIA can claim two firsts in the area of sustainability: It is the first airport on the EPA’s Environmental Track Program, and the first airport to design and implement an environmental management systems program in the United States that meets the rigorous International Organization for Standardization 14001 International Certification Standard. In short, DIA leads the industry for sustainability at airports nationwide.
ABOVE: By night, the peaked roof emits a soft glow, becoming a beacon on Colorado’s agricultural plains. Photograph © Timothy Hursley FACING PAGE: DIA is the nation’s fourth busiest airport, serving more than 51 million passengers annually. In 2008, the airport averaged about 140,270 passengers and 1,715 flights a day. Photograph by Brian Brainerd, The Denver Post
EPA Region 8 Headquarters ZGF Architects LLP Shears Adkins Architects Opus A&E, Inc. At the nexus of a very important axis in downtown Denver, the new Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 Headquarters building sits on an urban brownfield, adjacent to Union Station, the LoDo redevelopment and the 16th Street pedestrian mall. Here, EPA wanted to consolidate its various factions. The building was commissioned to embody the EPA’s mission: to protect the public’s health and to safeguard the natural environment. Through a partnership between ZGF Architects LLP (design architect), Opus A&E, Inc. (architect of record) and Shears Adkins Architects (associate architect), these goals were achieved by utilizing a sensitive integration with the local climate, landscape and culture.
Above: Denver’s first green roof for stormwater management is populated with native, drought-tolerant plant species. The 20,000-square-foot roof treats stormwater while reducing the urban heat-island effect. Facing Page: A team member/accomplished sailor suggested fabric sails as an alternative to conventional and more expensive mirrors to reflect light down the into the atrium. Project Design Team: Bob Packard, Bob Frasca, Gene Sandoval, John Breshears, Peter Van der Muelen, Mark Perepelitza and Chris Shears. Photographs by Robert Canfield
With nine stories of office space, two levels of below-grade parking and ground level retail, the headquarters is the result of a challenging design process that sought to integrate a contemporary, high-performance, secure and environmentally sensitive building into one of Denver’s most important historic and civic districts. A key program goal was to assimilate the new facility into the urban fabric in a way that strengthens and enhances the quality of the historic neighborhood, while establishing the building as a landmark in its own right.
As a federal building, the structure also had to meet strict Department of Homeland Security requirements—such as having to resist a bomb blast— along with state requirements—such as contextual sensitivity for historic areas. The design, therefore, had to merge several challenging and contradictory constraints. The massing reconciles these issues by its very form: Two L-shaped building masses each have a skin optimized to the dominant climatic forces of their respective exposures. This massing simultaneously addresses the urban context, the regional landscape and optimal building performance.
The challenge was to develop two distinct but related façade strategies: a sunward system that shaded the glazing and controlled direct sunlight on 45degree aspects, and a windward system that gathered light from the clear north sky while preventing glare from the low-angle summer sun—the windward “L” is also one story higher to protect a roof terrace and garden atop the other. Because Denver is a semi-arid, relatively mild, predominately sunny city with high diurnal temperature swings, glazing, shading and thermal mass with night flushing were all strategies that the team employed.
A number of experimental sustainable design applications are featured that embody the EPA’s mission and that have garnered the building LEED Gold certification. Because water in Colorado is precious and, therefore, a complicated issue, the green roof effectively captures stormwater for reuse. One of the daylight control systems is a set of atrium “sails,” parabolic canvas reflectors designed to reduce glare and direct sunlight from skylights into the atrium core. This series of vertical fins is evocative of the sun and wind, much of what EPA works to protect, which speaks directly to the ethos of the project while being a capstone to a project that exemplifies the clarity of organization, architecture, climate and building performance.
Above Left: Exposed concrete ceilings with light shelves help condition daylight in the building. Seventy-five percent of workstations receive significant daylight. Above RIght: The EPA building’s atrium serves as a welcoming and invigorating public space and as a gathering place or “living room” for employees. Facing Page: Brick was incorporated at the street level to integrate into the LoDo historic district. Variations of a glazed curtainwall system were designed for the different façades of the building. Photographs by Robert Canfield
If a modern-day city sprung up through the creative genius of one architect alone—regardless of how talented he or she may be—it would pale in comparison to one that evolved over decades, even centuries, and was touched by the hands of many. The most spectacular cities in the world boast an eclectic mixture of architectural styles, from classical to contemporary, and it is the architect’s prerogative to reinvent these broad genres to tailor a building’s aesthetic appearance and functionality to the current and future needs of those who will interact with it on a daily basis.
A great deal of trust and communication is required for a group of people to conceptualize and develop plans for works of architecture that may not be tangibly built until many years down the road. The Nichols Partnership’s SPIRE and East West Partners’ Union Station Neighborhood are a few illustrious examples. The collective realized visions of past architects provide an exquisite tapestry into which the masterpieces we call contemporary art may be harmoniously woven.
Enjoy these visionary projects of research, inspiration and diligence that represent the future of built structures. Take a glimpse of what is yet to come through these dynamic drawings, blueprints and renderings.
Union Station Neighborhood, East West Partners, Continuum Partners, LLC, page 272
U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory Research Support Facilities, RNL, page 276
Denver Justice Center Courthouse, klipp, RicciGreene Associates, Harold Massop Associates Architects, page 252
Union Station Neighborhood East West Partners Continuum Partners, LLC
Every development starts with a vision, progresses with a plan, and arrives at a completed project. The Union Station Neighborhood in downtown Denver is no exception.
The notion of the Union Station neighborhood emerged in 2001 when the Regional Transportation District of Denver and its public agency partners—the City and County of Denver, the Colorado Department of Transportation, and the Denver Regional Council of Governments—acquired 19.5 acres of land directly behind the historic Union Station. Since 2001, the “project train,” so to speak, moved full steam ahead, achieving numerous milestones and building the foundation for a progressive, urban development. Above: The front of the historic station has the “travel by train” sign illuminated in orange. Architectural design points from the historic station will be used throughout the design of Union Station Neighborhood. Photograph courtesy of East West Partners Facing Page: The historic Union Station features the new eight-track train hall and the beginning of the new 17th Street Linear Plaza. The two open courtyards to the left and right of the main entrance of the historic station are called the Union Station Plaza North and Union Station Plaza South, both pedestrian plazas. Rendering by Skidmore Owens & Merrill
For those not on foot or bike, a multi-model transportation hub encompasses eight forms of public transit, including pedi-cabs, taxicabs, the 16th Street Shuttle, the 18th and 19th Street Circulator, regional buses, inter-city buses, light rail and hard rail. The neighborhood is steps from the Central Business District, connects to five residential neighborhoods through a series of pedestrian bridges, and is accessible to a network of trails more than 40-miles long.
One opportunity of the design involved the historic Union Station and the purposed, eight-track train hall directly to the west, offering the question: How do you incorporate the old with the new? The solution was two fold. First, renovate the historic station to make it as up-to-date as possible without harming the original infrastructure. Second, build an architecturally savvy train hall that neither draws attention away from nor harms the historic structure. In the end, both were achieved.
Carefully
integrated
into
the
public
transit
sectors
are
more
than
three million square feet of office, retail, residential, hotel and parking space, which benefit from the mixed-use development. Public transportation allows passengers to travel throughout downtown, to the surrounding suburbs and to Denver International Airport. In addition, the six public plazas create a new entertainment and artistic realm within downtown. Shaded benches to read, lively restaurants to dine, open concert venues to watch, and creative artwork to admire are only a few of the characteristics that define the plazas spread throughout the neighborhood.
In the beginning, the development’s vision sought to unite a variety of entities. Today, an efficient public transit hub lies among commercial and residential real estate with a host of outdoor nooks and crannies, all of which create the remarkable Union Station Neighborhood.
Above Left: The historic station’s main entrance is accented by the large, arched windows, stone façade and the “travel by train” sign. Photograph courtesy of East West Partners Above RIght: Commercial space, pedestrian plazas and the train hall will change the landscape from the bridge to Denver Union Station. Photograph courtesy of East West Partners Facing Page Top: The 17th Street Linear Plaza is a pedestrian plaza outside the station filled with gardens, kiosks, outdoors seating and entertainment. It is in the heart of downtown Denver, but feels more like a small, tree-lined mall. Rendering by Skidmore Owens & Merrill Facing Page Bottom: The train hall is the heart and soul of the Denver Union Station development. It is a hub for commuter rail and hard rail as well as a waiting area between trains. Designed to work harmoniously with the historic station, the train hall will not overpower or overshadow the historic station. Rendering by Skidmore Owens & Merrill
4240 Architecture Inc. . . . . . . . . 104 E. Randal Johnson, AIA Thomas R. Brauer, AIA 3003 Larimer Street Denver, CO 80205 303.292.3388 www.4240architecture.com www.listenresearchdraw.com 247 South State Street, Suite 300 Chicago IL 60604 312.341.1155
Anderson Mason Dale Architects . . . . . . . . . . . 186, 190 Paul Haack, AIA Andrew Nielsen, AIA, PE David Pfeifer, AIA Joey Carrasquillo, AIA Ron Mason, FAIA 3198 Speer Boulevard Denver, Colorado 80211 303.294.9448 www.amdarchitects.com
Barker Rinker Seacat Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . 42, 170 Craig Bouck, LEED AP, President Steve Blackburn, AIA, LEED AP, Principal Marcia Hocevar, Principal, Interior Design Bruce Flynn, AIA, LEED AP, Principal Roz Schneider, Principal 3457 Ringsby Court, Suite 200 Denver, CO 80216 303.455.1366 www.brsarch.com
Bradbury Properties, Inc. . . . . . . 166 4725 South Monaco Street Denver, CO 80237 303.708.1105
Architectural Workshop . . 84, 194, 226 Mark Bowers, AIA, LEED AP Joe Marshall, LEED AP Katharina Jenista, LEED AP 280 South Pennsylvania Street Denver, CO 80209 303.788.1717 www.archshop.com
Barber Architecture . . . . . . . . . 206 Michael Barber 303 16th Street, Suite 300 Denver, CO 80202 303.595.7070 www.barberarchitecture.com
Brit Probst 2301 Blake Street, Suite 100 Denver, CO 80205 303.861.8555 www.davispartnership.com Denver – Vail
Del Norte Neighborhood Development Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Marvin Kelly Diane Vollmer 2926 Zuni Street, Suite 202 Denver, CO 80211 www.delnortendc.org
Denver Housing Authority . . . . . . 76 Brennan Beer Gorman Architects . . . 38 Peter Gorman, AIA Mark Sheeleigh, AIA 515 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10022 212.888.7663 www.bbg-bbgm.com
AR7 Architects . . . . . . . 80, 154, 202 Gary Desmond, FAIA Ranko Ruzic, AIA Steve Schonberger, AIA 1645 Grant Street Denver, CO 80203 303.837.8811 www.ar7.com
Davis Partnership Architects . . . . . 146
Ryan Tobin Chris Parr 777 Grant Street, 6th Floor Denver, CO 80203 720.932.3154 www.denverhousing.org
East West Partners . . . . . . . 104, 272 Buchanan Yonushewski Group, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . 96, 116 Brad Buchanan, FAIA John Yonushewski, FAIA David White, LEED AP 500 East 8th Avenue Denver, CO 80203 303.861.4600 www.bygroup.com
City and County of Denver’s Division of Theatres and Arenas . . . . . . . 16, 28 1245 Champa Street, First Floor Denver, CO 80204 720.865.4220 www.denvergov.org/theatres_and_arenas
Chris Frampton 1610 Little Raven Street, Suite 115 Denver, CO 80202 303.607.7615 www.EastWestPartners.com
EDAW . . . . . . . . . . . 34, 212, 218 William P. Vitek, FASLA Jason Uyeda Larry E. Keith Russell L. Butler II Laurel Raines Steve Wilensky 1809 Blake Street, Suite 200 Denver, CO 80202 303.595.4522 www.edaw.com
Colorado AIDS Project . . . . . . . . 162 Deirdre Maloney Laurie Tomlinson PO Box 48120 Denver, CO 80204 303.837.0166 www.coloradoaidsproject.org
Continuum Partners, LLC . . . . . . 272 1430 Wynkoop Street, Suite 100 Denver, CO 80202 303.573.0050 www.continuumpartners.com
Fentress Architects . . . . . 22, 56, 122, 128, 182 Curtis Fentress, FAIA, RIBA 421 Broadway Denver, CO 80203 303.722.5000 www.fentressarchitects.com Denver – Los Angeles – San Jose – Washington, DC
Forest City Stapleton, Inc. . . . . . . 212 John S. Lehigh Charlie Nicola 7351 East 29th Avenue Denver, CO 80238 Stapleton Development Corporation Richard Anderson Dennis Piper 7350 East 29th Avenue, Third Floor Denver, CO 80238 www.stapletondenver.com
Gensler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 M.R. Hicks 1625 Broadway, Suite 400 Denver, Colorado 80202 303.595.8585 www.gensler.com
H+L Architecture . . . 176, 198, 230, 238 Rob Davidson, AIA, ACHA, NCARB Scott A. Kuehn, AIA, NCARB Patrick Johnson, AIA Chad Novak, AIA Fred Buenning, AIA 1755 Blake Street, Suite 400 Denver, CO 80202 303.298.4700 www.hlarch.com Denver – Colorado Springs
Harold Massop Associates Architects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Harold V. Massop, AIA, NOMA Robert L. Hill Jr., AIA, CSI, NOMA Torrey C. Forester, Assoc. AIA, NOMA 3955 East Exposition Avenue, Suite 314 Denver, Colorado 80209 303.722.6611 www.hmaoffice.qwestoffice.net
Hartman-Cox Architects . . . . . . . 280 Lee Becker, FAIA 1074 Thomas Jefferson Street Northwest Washington, D.C. 202.333.6446 www.hartmancox.com
Haselden Construction . . . . . . . . 276 Byron Haselden Brian Livingston 6950 South Potomac Street Centennial, Colorado 80112 303.751.1478 www.haselden.com Casper, Wyoming – Denver
HNTB Architecture . . . . . . . . . . 22 Terry K. Miller, AIA, NCARB 715 Kirk Drive Kansas City, MO 64105 816.472.1201 www.hntb.com Kansas City – Los Angeles – New York – Washington, D.C.
Hobbs: Design . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Kimble Hobbs Nancy Miller-Hobbs 2017 100 Year Party Court, Suite 7 Longmont, CO 80504 303.774.2018 www.hobbsdesign.com
HOK Sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Joe Spear Craig Meyer 300 Wyandotte, Suite 300 Kansas City, MO 64105 (816) 221-1500 www.hoksport.com
John Andary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 405 Howard Street 5th Floor San Francisco, California 94105 415.433.0120 www.stantec.com
klipp . . . . . . . 38, 46, 166, 222, 252 Brian R. Klipp, FAIA Cornelius (Kin) DuBois, FAIA Alan Colussy, AIA Greg Cromer, AIA Sam Miller, AIA Keat Tan, AIA Christopher Skulley 201 Broadway Denver, Colorado 80203 303.893.1990 www.klipparch.com
Metro West Housing Solutions . . . 100 Bill Lunsford Tami Fischer 575 Union Boulevard, Suite 100 Lakewood, CO 80228 303.987.7580 www.mwhsolutions.org
Milender White Construction Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Mike Milender Bryon White Paul Koch 12655 West 54th Drive Arvada, CO 80002 303.216.0420 www.milenderwhite.com
Mortenson Construction . . . . . . . 248 1621 18th Street, Suite 400 Denver, CO 80202 303.295.2511 www.mortenson.com
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Managed by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Eric Telesmanich 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401-3305 303.275.3000 www.nrel.gov
The Nichols Partnership, Inc. . .138, 268 Randy T. Nichols Christopher G. Crosby William F. Pruter Dan P. Schuetz 1899 Wynkoop Street, Suite 425 Denver, CO 80202 303.291.2200 www.nicholspartnership.com
Opus A&E, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Marshall Burton 1400 Wewatta Street, Suite 300 Denver, CO 80202 303-297-3700 marshall.burton@opusnw.com www.opuscorp.com
Overland Partners . . . . . . . . . . 46 Tim Blonkvist, FAIA 5101 Broadway San Antonio, TX 78209 210.829.7003 www.overlandpartners.com
OZ Architecture . . . . . 112, 134, 280 Jim Bershof, AIA Kelly Davis, AIA Eduardo Illanes, AIA Joe Levi, AIA Michael Noda, AIA Bob West, AIA 3012 Huron Street Denver, CO 80202 303.861.5704 1805 29th Street, Suite 2052 Boulder, CO 80302 303-449-8900 www.ozarch.com Boulder – Colorado Springs – Denver – Lake Tahoe – Las Vegas
rhadius p.c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Rob Reavey 1615 California Street, Suite 411 Denver, CO 80202 720.956.0300 www.rhadiuspc.com Van Meter Williams Pollack LLP Tim Van Meter, Rick Williams, Fred Pollack 1626 Wazee Street, Suite 2A Denver, CO 80202 303.298.1480 www.vmwp.com
Sprocket Design-Build . . . . . . . . 88 William Moore, AIA Matt McHugh, AIA 1736 Boulder Street Denver, CO 80211 720.377.9690 www.sprocketdb.com
Studio Completiva . . 66, 72, 76, 100, 162, 260 Yong Cho Catherine Mercer 3000 Zuni Street Denver, CO 80211 303.477.9156 www.studiocompletiva.com
Studio Daniel Libeskind . . . . . . . 146 Daniel Libeskind 2 Rector Street, 19th Floor New York, NY 10006 212.497.9100 www.daniel-libeskind.com New York - Milan – Zurich
Studio InSite . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 3457 Ringsby Court, Unit 223 Denver, CO 80216 303.433.7100 www.studio-insite.com
Tryba Architects . . . . . . . . . . . 138 David Tryba, FAIA 1620 Logan Street Denver, CO 80203 303.831.4010 www.dota.com
University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus . . . . . . 202 Marguerite Childs, Associate Vice Chancellor Education 2 North Building, Room 5101-B Aurora, CO 80045 303.724.8071
University of Colorado Real Estate Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 David E. Chadwick, Managing Director John E. Freyer, President 1800 Grant Street, Suite 250 Denver, CO 80203 303.860.6100 www.curef.org
Urban Ventures LLC . . . . . 66, 80, 92 Susan Powers, Richard Taft, Jerrold Glick 1600 Wynkoop, Suite 200 Denver, CO 80202 303.446.0761 www.urbanventuresllc.com www.fireclayloft.com
RNL . . . . . . . . . 138, 248, 268, 276 Rich von Luhrte Doug Spuler Dick Anderson Craig Randock 1050 17th Street, Suite A-200 Denver, CO 80265 303.295.1717 www.rnldesign.com Abu Dhabi – Denver – Los Angeles – Phoenix
Saiber Saiber Architecture . . . . . . 142 Jonathan Saiber 255 Clayton Street Denver, CO 80206 303.388.3313 www.saibersaiber.com
Shears Adkins Architects . . . . . . . . . 112, 138, 234 Chris Shears 1821 Blake Street Denver, CO 80202 303.436.9551 www.shearsadkins.com
Techcon Dallas, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . 50 Bruce Russo Two Hillcrest Green 12720 Hillcrest Road, Suite 1050 Dallas, TX 75230 972.788.4005 www.techcondallas.com
Thornton Gateway Properties . . . . 256 Terry Erwin P.O. Box 6533 Dillon, CO 80435 720.628.8437 Van Meter Williams Pollack Tim Van Meter, AIA 1626 Wazee Street, Suite 2-A Denver, CO 80202 303.298.1480 www.vmwp.com
U.S. Department of Energy Golden Field Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Jeff Baker, Director for Laboratory Operations 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401 303.275.4785 www.eere.energy.gov/golden/
Van Meter Williams Pollack . . . . . . . . . . . 66, 108, 256 Tim Van Meter, AIA 1626 Wazee Street, Suite 2-A Denver, CO 80202 303.298.1480 www.vmwp.com
Watermark LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Agatha Kessler 410 Acoma Street, Suite 418 Denver, CO 80204 303.777.7037 www.WATERMARKdenver.com
The Weitz Company . . . . . . 166, 206 Bill Hornaday 4725 South Monaco Street, Suite 100 Denver, CO 80237 303.860.6600 www.weitz.com
Westfield Company, Inc. . . . . 166, 248 717 Seventeenth Street, Suite 2000 Denver, CO 80202 303.298.1111 www.westfield-co.com Bradbury Properties, Inc. 4725 South Monaco Street Denver, CO 80237 303.708.1105
ZGF Architects LLP . . . . . . . . . 234 Robert G. Packard III 1223 SW Washington Street, Suite 200 Portland, OR 97205 503-224-3860 robert.packard@zgf.com www.zgf.comm
Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Architects LLP . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Robert Packard, Assoc. AIA Robert Frasca, FAIA Jan Willemse, AIA Sharron van der Meulen Kip Storey, AIA Terri Johnson 320 Southwest Oak Street, Suite 500 Portland, OR 97204 www.zgf.com Seattle - Portland - Los Angeles - New York Washington, D.C.
Zocalo Community Development . . . . . . . . . 242, 264 David Zucker Chris Achenbach Sarah Harman 2195 Decatur Street, Suite 1 Denver, CO 80211 303.320.8611 www.zocalodevelopment.com
the
cr e at i n g
sp e ctacular
City by Design Series
collection
publ i cat i o n s
f o r
d i sc e r n i n g
Art of Celebration Series
Specialty Titles
An Architectural Perspective
The Finest in Unique Luxury Lifestyle Publications
Atlanta Charlotte Chicago Dallas Denver Orlando Phoenix San Francisco Texas
Perspectives on Design Series
Design Philosophies Expressed by Leading Professionals
Carolinas Chicago Colorado Florida Georgia Minnesota New England Pacific Northwest California Southwest
The Making of a Gala
Distinguished Inns of North America Extraordinary Homes California Spectacular Golf of Colorado Spectacular Golf of Texas Spectacular Hotels Spectacular Restaurants of Texas Visions of Design Geoffrey Bradfield Ex Arte Cloth and Culture: Couture Creations of Ruth E. Funk Into the Earth: A Wine Cave Renaissance
Spectacular Homes Series
An Exclusive Showcase of the Finest Interior Designers
California Carolinas Chicago Colorado Florida Georgia Heartlands London Michigan Minnesota New England
New York Ohio & Pennsylvania Pacific Northwest Philadelphia South Florida Southwest Tennessee Texas Toronto Washington, D.C. Western Canada
Spectacular Wineries Series
A Captivating Tour of Established, Estate and Boutique Wineries
California’s Central Coast Napa Valley New York Sonoma County
r e ad e rs
PanacheDesign.com
Where the Design Industry’s Finest Professionals Gather, Share and Inspire
PanacheDesign.com overflows with innovative ideas from leading architects, builders, interior designers and other specialists. A gallery of design photographs and library of advice-oriented articles are among the comprehensive site’s offerings.
New York South Florida Washington, D.C.
Dream Homes Series
An Exclusive Showcase of the Finest Architects, Designers and Builders
Carolinas Chicago Coastal California Colorado Deserts Florida Georgia Los Angeles Metro New York Michigan Minnesota New England New Jersey Northern California Ohio & Pennsylvania Pacific Northwest Philadelphia South Florida Southwest Tennessee Texas Washington, D.C.
City by Design a n a rc h i t e c t u ra l p e r s p e c t i v e o f d e n v e r ISBN: 978-1-933415-89-5 Publication: April 2010 288 pages with more than 250 photographs 12� x 9� trim size Approximately 4 pounds per book Shipped 5 books per carton Publisher:
1424 Gables Court Plano, TX 75075 469.246.6060 Fax: 469.246.6062 www.panache.com www.panachedesign.com Publication inquiries contact: Rosalie Wilson rwilson@panache.com 469.246.6060 Distributor: Independent Publishers Group 814 North Franklin Street Chicago, IL 60610 orders@ipgbook.com 800.888.4741