Copyright Title book: Inhabitants Blue Green, ‘Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure for Livelability’ Author book: Panchal Vivek © [2020], Panchal Vivek Self publishing vivek.pg191147@cept.ac.in ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. All the graphics in the book have been delineated by the author under ‘City Infrastructure Studio’, Faculty of Planning at CEPT University Ahmedabad. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author. Dedicated to CEPT City Infrastructure Studio 2020
Inhabitants
Blue Green Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure for Livelability
Spring 2020 Ahemedabad City Infrastructure Plan
CEPT University City Infrastructure Plan (SEM II, MUI) –Spring 2020 Final Project Brief Preparing a City Infrastructure Plan for a Suburb of Ahmedabad City Project Faculty
Dr. Neeru Bansal
Student
Dr. Saswat Bandyopadhyay
Academic Associate
Ar. Vivek Panchal About To develop a well-rounded personality with a growing interest in the field of urban development. Being an Architect and an aspiring Infrastructure planner, I long for opportunities to learn more about urban studies that would strengthen my awareness about trends within the field and how I can contribute to the purpose of the profession. I see a lot of perspectives in architecture and urban planning with creation, which is just a powerful skill. I’m inflamed with ambitions to work to make communities better places to live.
Riya Thomas
Siddh Doshi
This document has been prepared as Final Report for the Urban Utilities and Facilities Management Studio, Master Course in Urban Management, according to the brief, “Prepare a facilitates Management Plan”.
PG191147 Final Project Title City Infrastructure Plan for Inhabitants Blue Green, ‘Revaming Blue Green Infrastructure for Livelability’
A
preface Inhabitants Blue Green
Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure for Livelability
hmedabad shares many of the issues
(surface and ground water), water supply,
and challenges of other Indian cites,
water quality, storm water harvesting and
with the increase percentage of population living in urban areas. The city
preservation of natural ecosystems in the context of the urban development trajectory
is likely to be impacted by the effects of climate variability. The rapid onset impacts
of the city and its changing climate.The city infrastructure plan develops a set of
can be found on the water resources (drying of waterbodies over the years), increase heat
proposals at micro level (village), as well as showing how such a plan could be developed
temperature, insufficient green cover and air quality of the city. Blue-Green infrastructure
and connected at the macro level (city).
(BGI) offers a feasible and valuable solution for urban areas facing the challenges of climate change. It complements and, in some cases, replaces the need for grey infrastructure. BGI connects urban hydrological functions (blue infrastructure) with vegetation systems (green infrastructure) in urban landscape design. It provides overall socioeconomic benefits that are greater than the sum of its individual components. At the urban diagnostic stage, stakeholders and local residents in the city converged on the view that the plan should focus on future proofing blue-green infrastructure to build resilience to climate change impacts facing the city. This document is essentially a City Infrastructure Plan for managing an interconnected set of challenges relating to community green spaces, green cover, open spaces, green networks and water resources management
Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge everyone who played a role in my academic accomplishments. First of all, my parents, who supported me with love and understanding. Without you, I could never have reached this current level of success. Secondly, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Dr. Neeru Bansal and Dr. Saswat Bandyopadhyay, my studio mentors, for their patient guidance, enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques of this work. I am thankful to my teaching associates, Riya Thomas and Siddh Doshi each of whom has provided advice and assistance tin keeping my progress on schedule. My grateful thanks are also extended to my team member Gina Acharya for her meticulous efforts in data analysis and joint formulation in City Infrastructure Plan. Thank you all for your unwavering support.
"
Dull, inert cities, it is true, do contain the seeds of their own destruction and little else. But lively, diverse, intense cities contain the seeds of their own regeneration, with energy enough to carry over for problems and needs outside themselves.
"
Jane Jacobs
00 Preface & Acknowledgements
Understanding The City’s Blue & Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Contents Inhabitants Blue Green
Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
03 Case Studies On Project Level
Environmental Provisions in Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Plan Bishang Mo kio Park, Singapore AMUL-AUDA Partnership Garden, Ahmedabad Karst Pond Restoration, Slovenia Toxic Algae Lake Rejuvenation, Virginia Anasagar Lake Restoration, Rajasthan
01 Introducing City Infrastructure Learning Studio Methodology City Through TheLens of Spatial Growth, Land Use Zoning City Infrastructure & Its Components
04 Infrastructure Plan Formulation
Hierarchy of Connected Open Spaces Lake Rejuvention & Development Integrating Blue & Green Infrastructure Finance Mechanism & Maintenance Model Project Phasing & Implementation
02 Diagonistics & Plan Focus
Challenges City Facing Today Catalysts For Area Delineation Imperative Blue and Green Paramters Of the Focus Area City Infrastucture Plan Framework & Envisioned Objectives
05 Blue Green Opportunities & Values
Sustainable Development Goals Integrating BGI With Other Infrastructure Components BGI Determinants
Week 12, 13, 14 Sectoral Proposals – Strategy Design, Development and Implementation Integration to Form The City Infrastructure Plan
Week 11 COVID – 19 Outbreak and Shift of Studio to Online Learning
Week 9, 10 User Surveys Population Projections, Demand and Supply
Week 7, 8 AreaDelieation Mid Semester Week
Week 6 Demand and Supply Analysis of Basic City Level Infrastructure Stakeholder Consultations
Week 4, 5 AUDA Development Plan Review City Development Plans for Ahmedabad City Sanitation Plans for Ahmedabad Smart City Proposals for Ahmedabad Health and Heat action plan for Ahmedabad
Week 1, 2, 3 My City My Infrastructure My State and Its Governance
STUDIO TIMELINE
01 CHAPTER
INTRODUCING CITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEARNING
Studio Methodology City Through Lens of Spatial Growth, Land Use Zoning City Infrastructure & Its Components
8
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Studio Methodology
Understand Research Analyse Stakeholder Consultation
Ideate Plan Formulation Deciphering Gaps Adaptive Technology
C
omprehensive Infrastructure Planning involves several subsectors and institutions engaged in planning, designing, delivery and management of infrastructure services. The aim of the studio is to develop a Comprehensive Infrastructure Plan for a selected area by first understanding the
Immerse Focus Study Area Area Assessment Site Visits & Surveys
city infrastructure at macro level and by further understanding the institutional framework, doing sectoral analysis, sectoral proposals and financing options for implementation in a selected area. The aim is then achieved by understanding the city of Ahmedabad, delayering the areas and responsibilities of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation & Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority, and further planning for the previously mentioned subsectors in the chosen site.
Immerse Focus Study Area Area Assessment Site Visits & Surveys
9
Population
86.45Lakhs
Area
1866km2
Growth Centres
05
AUDA
Wards
239
Municipalties
07
Corporation
01
Villages
169
Talukas
09
Districts
04
Year 2020 Ahmedabad District Location Map
AMC
10
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Spatial Growth Timeline Year 1975
Area under authorities as per year 2020, AUDA Region: 1866 Km2, AMC Region: 494 Km2 City Through The Lens Of Spatial Growth & Landuse Existing Land Use Existing Landuse Existing Land Use
Area 110 Km2
3% 3%1% 1%
9% 9%
24% 24%
63% 63%
1% 1%
13% 13% 5% 5%
5% 5%
Proposed Landuse
Year 1989
24% 24%
Area 161 Km2
7% 7%
Existing Land Use 9%
42% 3% 42%1%
27% 27%
1% 24%
63% Agriculture Commercial Industrial
Year 1996 Area 196 Km2
Aerial Photograph of South Ahemedabad Urban Sprawl
Residential Airport/Cantonment Institutional
32% 32%
3% 3% 4% 4% 13% 5% 5%
Waterbodies Road &Rail Others
Proposed Landuse, AUDA Development Plan 2020
Existing Landuse comparison withrespect to proposed DP
hmedabad’s initial sprawl of human settlements was concentric along the edge of the river. It was
area can be the primary reason behind this. Throughout 32% urbanization,24% the shares of land use have changed gradually.
in 1981, that the influence of postmodernism was noticed when the city began to expand its boundaries towards the western part.Ahmedabad is an emerging hub for the real estate and industries, which can be observed
In its comprehensive development plan of 2021, AUDA has 42% proposed major land use under residential,3%commercial 4%of TOD 27% besides with the development & industrial zones zone, R1/R2& R3 Residential Zone, Redevelopment of
with increased participation in land use and transportation in the peripheral zones of the city. The growing demand in the housing sector and accessibility day by day plays a major role in land-use zoning.The predominant land
C.G road, Residential Affordable Housing Zone, Logistics zone /Industrial parks accompanying DFC/DMIC corridor and many more. These trends in land use zones with the growth of population will attempt to meet people's demand
use of Ahmedabad city, agriculture land covers about 63
for high-quality homes, employment, public services
% of the area, whereas only 9 % of the area is covered by residential zone. The major share of land under the Rural
and recreational facilities to be able to achieve economic firmness and live healthy meaningful lives.
A
7%
11
City Infrastructure & Its Components
DIGITAL
SOCIAL
Water Supply AUDA, AMC, ULB (GWSSB)
Sanitation AUDA, AMC, ULB (GWSSB)
Storm Water Network AUDA, AMC (GIDB)
Solid Waste AMC, ULB, Panchayat
Parks & Gardens AUDA, AMC
Fire & Emergency AUDA, AMC
TRANSPORT
ECONOMY PHYSICAL
A
ir, sunlight, water, electricity, sewers, waste matter, streets, mass transit and many more are the essentials elements of urban infrastructure which plays a pivotal
should be equipped with all the necessary facilities. It should give a decent quality of life to its residents, promising clean and sustainable environment by applying smart
role in the creation of a modern city. According to the Ministry of Urban Development, ‘Urban Infrastructure’
solutions in the domain of water supply, sanitation, waste management, public transport, governance and many more.
Institutional Responsibilities Planning Formulation & Implementation (TP/DP): AUDA, AMC Land Management & Land Acqusition : AUDA, AMC, ULB + Collectorate
Electricity Health & Hygiene GUVNL, AECL, Torrent, AMC, Health Department Adani State Government
Roads & Bridges AUDA, AMC, State Government (R&B)
Study Focus City Infrastructure & Institutional Roles
12
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
13
Stake holder Consultations regarding the infrastructure trends of the city
02 14
CHAPTER
DIAGONISTICS & PLAN FOCUS Challenges City Facing Today Catalysts For Area Delineation Imperative Blue and Green Paramters Of the Focus Area City Infrastucture Plan Framework & Envisioned Objectives
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Spatial Mapping
Challenges City Facing Today
Existing
SLB
15
Runoff water
Storm Water Drains
Pumping Station
Sabarmati,
Gota Godhavi 100 % Road Length Network 28 & Kharicut
Maintain Sustainable Conditions
9-12 M2 Per Capita Green Space
24 % Roads Length Network AMC
Lakes Declined From 204 (1960) To 60 (2019) i.e 2-3 Lakes Dry per Year
1.3 M2 (AMC) & 0.12 M2 (AUDA) Per Capita Green Space
28/58 Functional Outfalls To WaterBodies, Insufficient Network
Water Pollution, Encroachemnt, Less Water Collection & Eutrophication
4.66 % Green Cover Of The City & Lack Of Urban Green Space
URDPFI
Canal, Lakes
AUDA & AMC
AUDA & AMC
WHO & URDPFI
Regional, City & Community Level
Storm Water Network
Blue Infrastructure
Green Infrastructure
Only 731.71 km of AMC road network have storm water
Sabarmati river with a stretch of 23 km is the
Ahemedabad lacks in terms of per capita green space.
drains. There are three types of drains in the city
heart of the city along with 1411 small and large
AMC has 1481 community green spaces with
RCC pipes, Box drains & Arch Drains. Neglience
waterbodies in AUDA and 59 lakes in AMC.
1.6 % area under parkWWs and gardens while AUDA
of natural drain & insufficient network in the new
At present the lakes within Ahmedabad are getting
has 125 community green spaces with only
growth areas of AUDA regions are the prevailing issues.
extinct in the hands of urbanization.
0.4% identified area under parks & gardens,
DFC
Catalysts For Area Delineation
M
RAH
icro context shows the focused area of study,on the
by residential zone. The prime catalysts which propelled to delinete these three
western periphery of the city, delineated along with adjacent village
villages are proposed logistics zone along DFC (Dedicated Freight Corridor),
boundaries. Manipur, Godhavi & Shela are the upcoming growth centres
multimodal hub and agglomeration of ongoing infrastructure projects as per
of Ahmedabad District. TP schemes are
AUDA 2020 list within the proximity of
not implemented in this areas as per AUDA DP 2020 except Shela (Draft TP
these villages. Hence, the present trend will provide a platform to prepare a
Scheme sanctioned) and predominant land use is Agricultural zone followed
City Infrastructure Plan with identified gap analysis at western AUDA region.
SITE AMC AUDA
Agglomeration of Projects
Manipur
Godhavi
16 Shela Site Boundary Households Water Body Street Network DFC Village boundary Railway Track
Micro Context Of Site
Affordable Housing 22 %
Storm Water Network & Water Supply 24 %
Lakes & Gardens 7%
Proposed Logistic Zone
Proposed Multi Modal Hub
Civic Amenities 30 % Bridge Work 17 %
Ongoing Infrastructure Projects On Western AUDA, 2020
surface
temperature
can
be
by vegetation
measuring near-
the
cover
maps
represent
spatial
Population
0.70Lakhs
Area
2924Ha
Year 2020
varies largely with proposedlogistics zone.
agriculture zone and gamthal areas which
Land use shows the predominance of
Existing Landuse
only 14 Active & 38 Dry Waterbodies
& Ponds & Water Channels) out of which
There are total 52 Water bodies ( Lakes
Godhavi
Shela
Vacant Water
Active Waterbody Dry Waterbody Agriculture Residential Commercial Agriculture Gamthal Residential Gamthal Extension Commercial Industrial Gamthal Institutional Gamthal Extension Mixed Use Industrial Vacant Institutional Water Mixed Use
Active Waterbody Dry Waterbody
7.5Km Narmada Branch Canal
Green Area / Tree Cover
Open Spaces
3.27m2 Per Capita Space
Green Cover
Open Spaces
NIL Community Green Space
Geo Data Analysis & Spatial Data Isometric Maps Of The Study Area
Manipur
57Ha Blue Area
2550Ha Open Spaces
0.10% Green Cover
Builtup,Urban Builtup,Rural Ag.Crop Land Ag.Plantation Barren Land Waterbodies Wetlands
Low
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
High
Waterbody Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 30-37 m 37-41 m 41-45 m 45-51 m 51-59 m
Imperative Blue And Green Parameters Of The Focus Area
Water body
public parks or recreational green spaces.
Vacant lands are consider. There are no
Only Agriculture Fields/ Brown Fields &
Open Spaces
to the urbanized growth of the areas.
minimal & absence of forest cover, inspect
Tree cover and Green spaces are very
Green Cover
physical coverage of the Earth's surface.
information on different types (classes) of
Land
Land Cover
infrared (reflects) and red light (absorbs).
between
quantifies
difference
NDVI
NDVI
areas having higher level of air pollution.
assumed to be areas of barren land and
Higher
Surface Temperature
flow of water during design of projects.
drainage pattern of the area and the natural
It helps in understanding the natural
Water Shed
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
17
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
City Infrastructure Plan Frame Work & Envisioned Objectives Area Delineation
Green Imperative Absence of green open public spaces,
Problem Field
Site Survey & Data Collection Quantitative Research
Insufficient tree cover, Excessive barren land & Increasing surface temperature
Analysis
Spatial Morphology & Space Matrix
Proposal
Existing & Potential BGI Network Location
Proposing A Framework For Blue Green Infrastructure Network
Healthy
Making The Best Of Our Local Environment
18
To support year-rouvnd passive and active recreation To protect and enhance local waterways and aquatic environments To support urban biodiversity
Prosperous
Making Changes To Better Our City
To improve the amenity of the urban environment To create stronger connections between communities and nature To improve the functionality of urban places To drive increased tourism & visitation
Resilient Blue Imperative Continued drying of lakes, Eutrophication and Over Exploitation due to waste water disposal and solid waste dumping, Pheriphery encroachment & Obstruction of drainage channels
Making Sure We Are Ready For Challenges
To make alternative use of water supply locally due to ground water deterioration To reduce the impacts of flooding To provide pleasant and cooling environments during hot weather
0
03
CHAPTER
CASE STUDIES ON PROJECT LEVEL Environmental Provisions in Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Plan Bishang Mo kio Park, Singapore AMUL-AUDA Partnership Garden, Ahmedabad Karst Pond Restoration, Slovenia Toxic Algae Lake Rejuvenation, Virginia Anasagar Lake Restoration, Rajasthan
19
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
20
Ang Mo Kio, Singapore
Mumbai, India
Ahmedabad, India
Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park
Environmental Provisions
AMUL-AUDA Garden
A large regional park connecting two
Greenways
connecting
PPP Partnership model where the size
residential areas.Today the park serves not
important green areas to the rivers
of the parlor and the location within the
only as a recreational space for the local
and creating cycle tracks along roads
garden would be decided collaboratively
residents but as a unique opportunity
connecting important recreational and
by AUDA and AMUL.AMUL would have to
to revalue nature, animal life and water.
places having tourism potential.
bear the completed O&M cost of garden.
Karst Region, Slovenia
Virginia, United States
Rajasthan, India
Karst Pond
Toxic Algae Lake
Anasagar Lake
The pond was first cleared from garbage
The pond had been taken over by
The lake was restored with peripheral
and
trucks
filamentous algae.It was treated with
tree plantation of specific species such as
squashed the clay to retain water. The
a high volume sprayer for the initial
Ghaf, Button Tree and Gum Arabic which
area was also made flat to make it easier
treatment and perform a follow up
avoid drying of lake due to siltation and
to restore vegetation.
treatment with nano bubble technology.
soil erosion.
some
vegetation.
Next,
along
roads
0
04
CHAPTER
INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN FORMULATION Hierarchy of Connected Open Spaces Lake Rejuvention & Development Integrating Blue & Green Infrastructure Finance Mechanism & Maintenance Model Project Phasing & Implementation 21
‘Interconnecting networks of natural and semi-natural areas, including waterbodies, green and open spaces, that provide different ecosystem services’
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Proposal 1 : Hierarchy Of Connected Open Spaces
green cover through tree plantation to
are classified under green spaces. Today modern cities in India like Chandigarh
reduce heat stress and to create community gardens for social gatherings. This spaces
and Gandhinagar and world cities like New York, Singapore, Oslo and many other
will be connected through a green corridor. For the projected area provison under green
have around 20m2 per cpita green space. At present the study area have only 3.27m2 per
cover TP mechanism methodology has been followed with 5% area under open spa
Conceptual Diagram Represents village level open spaces adjacent to lakes, cluster level open space at the
Nature Nurture Spot
SHELA
3.75Ha
MANIPUR
GODHAVI
Corridor Area
intersection of three villages & tree plantation along proposed green corridor.
Green Corridor
150-180 Ha
green spaces and other common spaces
18.75km
growth, the area supposed to have more than 65000 households.
cover. To improve green infrastructure an action plan has been ideated to increase
5 % Open Space As per TP Mechanism Method
agriculture, institutional, and logistics zone. With the projected 70%
to better urban environment. recreational spaces, organized
Open Spaces Required
The maximum area utilized under residential zone followed by
capita green space and 1% area under green
146.2Ha
Proposed Landuse
U
rban spaces in the city leads
Year 2035
Agriculture Residential Commercial Gamthal Gamthal Extension Industrial Institutional Mixed Use Vacant Water
Growth TPS
Agriculture Residential RAH Zone Gamthal Active Waterbody Institutional Dry Waterbody Logistics
Population
1
Area
2
2924Ha 5.10Lakhs 70% 17
3
Year 2035 Projection
22
4
Existing Landuse
Proposed Landuse
Potential Blue Green Spots On Urbanization
0.60
Food/Vending Shops (0.11/sq.m.) 11 11 11 22
Other Amenities (Play area, Electric works, Compound wall, Gate office) 10 10 10 20
182.3 487.3 775.8 1266.6
Tree Plantation Total Cost (in INR lakhs) (0.015/tree & sapling guard)
1875 28.12
Per Capita Open Space
0.30
6.50 Sq.Mt
0.30
Per Capita Green Space
0.30
4.50 Sq.Mt
Toilet Block (0.30/block)
Cluster Level Open Space
DTPS 4
DTPS 6
DTPS 3
DTPS 7 40.70 Ha
DTPS 1
SHELA
AMC Green Network
Green Corridor Expansion
Village Level Open Space
DTPS 2
25.10 Ha
Green Corridor Phase I : 10.75 Km
DTPS 16
Village Level Open Space
DTPS 15
5.50 Ha
DTPS 14
Cluster Level Space (40.70 ha)
DTPS 5
3
DTPS 8
1.5
Village Level Open Space
1
5.50 Ha
0.50
DTPS 9
Seating (0.02/unit)
DTPS 10
732.6
DTPS 17
451.8
MANIPUR
279
DTPS 13
96.3
DTPS 11
Landscaping (0.002/sq. m.)
GODHAVI
488.4
DTPS 12
301.2
2035
186
Green Corridor Phase II: 8.75 Ha
64.2
Green Infrastructure Spatial Mapping
Block Pavement (0.012/sq. m.)
Opex
Shela (25.10 ha)
137Lakhs
Manipur (15.50 ha)
Capex
2740Lakhs
Project Expenditure
Godhavi (5.35 ha)
Proportionate Distribution
For Open Green Spaces (in INR lakhs)
Parks & Garden
Total
86.65Ha
Green Spaces
90.39Ha
Greeen Infrastructure Cost Estimate
23
Spathodea
Gulmohor
Ramfal
Shami
Neem
Tree Species:
water .and other purpose. Lake front
have been dried out. To improve blue infrastructure an action plan has been
development will involve communities interaction with nature along with
ideated which will environmentally
provison of recreational opportunities.
Conceptual Diagram The conceptual siagram represents the present conditions and the future conditions with proposed action plan for the waterbodies.
ActiveWaterbodies Waterbodies Active Dry Waterbodies Dry Waterbodies TotalWaterbodies Waterbodies Total Village Village Godhavi Godhavi Manipur Manipur MANIPUR
Shela Shela Water Water Channel Channel Total Total
14 14 38 38 52 52
Total DryWater Water Total Dry Area (Ha) Body Area (Ha) Body Area(Ha) (Ha) Area 17.50 8.03 17.50 8.03 6.73 6.73 8.34 8.34
1.82 1.82 4.28 4.28
24.73 24.73
9.45 9.45
57.30 57.30
23.58 23.58
GODHAVI
SHELA
Contaminated lake Dried up lake Clean water lake Lake Peripheral Plantation Lake Front Development
Year 2035
Existing Scenario Proposed Scenario
24
Methodology Lake Restoration To augment excessive Eutrophication Site: Village level lakes in Manipur, Godhavi and Shela Technique: Aeration Systems
Peripheral Tree Plantation To stop continued drying up of lake due to siltation and sedimentation; providing an alternate surface water source. Site: All Waterbodies Total Peripheral length:26 km Technique: Vegetation of species like Crotalaria burhia (Shinio), Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Kheenp), Borreria stricta (Buttonweed), Lepidagathistrinervis (Haran Charo), Cenchrus setigerus (Birdwood Grass) and C. ciliaris (Buffel grass).
Clay Lining in Dried Lakes To allow lakes to retain storm water. Site: Village level lakes in Manipur, Godhavi and Shela Area: 26.60 Ha Technique: Bentotite Clay Lining
Godhavi, Manipur & Shela Village Lake
only 14 water bodies are active and 38
Lake Development
the proximity areas and also provides an alternative resource for portable
2.90km
which includes 52 water bodies with one Narmada branch canal. At present
13.62Ha
Lake restoration and rejuvenation will increase the ground water level in
Make Sustainable
settlements of the city. The area under blue cover is 57 Ha
23.58Ha
restore lakes and ponds by cleaning and rejuvenate them by water retention.
57Ha
W
ater bodies act as a breather in the congested
Rejuvenation Area
Proposal 2 : Lake Rejuvenation & Development
Pheriphreal Plantation
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
za
at
Parking & Entrance
31
Energize Plaza
Community Residential Cluster
Children Play Area
Peripheral Tree Plantation
Shela 690 m
Social Values
GODHAVI LAKE 8.02 Ha
Social Values
0.82 Ha
Boat Boat Ride Ride
Godhavi 1200 m
Clay Lining
Lake Rejuvenation
Biodiversity Values
Eateries & Kiosk
Jetty
Pedestrian
Energize Smart Plaza
Eateries & Kiosks
Play Area
Community Level Green Spaces
25 Manipur 1100 m
Energize Smart Plaza Smart Plaza
Eateries & Kiosks
Cleaning of Lakes
Play Area
Water Retention By Clay Lining
Community Level Green Spaces
Water Retention By Peripheral Plantation
Proposed Recreational Activities
Lakefront Development for Recreation Social Social Values Values
Isometric Diagram Of Lake Front Development Model & Community Green Space
Siberian Stone Chat
White Tailed Lapwing
Peregrine Falcon
Lake Model Eateries & Kiosks PlayDevelopment Area Community Level Green Spaces Eateries & kiosks Plant Species for Peripheral Plantation
Common Shelduck
Greylag Goose
Biodiversity Values Boat Boat Ride Ride
Energize Energize Smart Smart Plaza Plaza
Eateries Eateries & & Kiosks Kiosks
Play Play Area Area
Community Community Level Level Green Green Spaces Spaces
Siberian Stone Chat
White Tailed Lapwing White Lapwing
White Tailed Lapwing
Peregrine Peregrine Falcon Falcon
Falcon
Common Shelduck Shelduck
Common Shelduck
Greylag Goose Grey Goose
Kheenp
Haran Charro Haran Charo
Haran Charro
Buttonweed Button Weed
Buttonweed
Buffel Grass Buffel Grass
Biodiversity Biodiversity Values Values
In order to bring social value of bio diversity to benefit the community for a better liveable space White Tailed Lapwing
s Play Area Play Area eripheral Plantation
ng
Hoarding Proposed Tree Plantation
Shinio Peregrine Falcon Community Level Spaces Community LevelGreen Green Space
Peregrine Falcon Community Level Green Spaces
Common Shelduck
Greylag Goose
Site: Village level lakes in Manipur, Godhavi and Shela Area: 13.62 Ha Technique: Peripheral tree plantation (2.9 km) and Pedestrian (10m Wide) along with recreational activities Kheenp Haran Charro such as Shelduck play area, boating, seating area, eateries and Buttonweed Common Greylag Goose entertainment kiosks
Siberian Stone Chat Stone Chat
Plant Plant Species Species for for Peripheral Peripheral Plantation Plantation
Greylag Goose
Buffel Grass Shinio Shinio
Shinio
Kheenp Kheenp
Buffel Grass
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Blue Infrastructure Cost Estimate
35085
21023
434142
570516
Lake Perimeter (m)
1200
1100
690
49390
52380
Lake Volume (ML)
3210.64
840.92
18233.96
23688.92
Tree Plantation
Unit Cost (in INR lakhs): (0.015/tree & sapling guard)
INR Lakhs
120 X 0.015 = 1.8
Lakefront Development
Unit Cost of Block Pavement: (0.012/sq. m.) [90% peripheral area considered to be paved]
Lakefront
Garden
Conceptual Diagram Of Smart Plaza To Connect Lake Front & Public Pa
69 X 0.015 =1
4939 X 0.015 = 74
78.45
12000
11000
6900
-
29900
129 INR Lakhs
119 INR Lakhs
74 INR Lakhs
-
52
-
340
-
3.8
322
Unit Cost: INR 250/ sq.m.
In INR Lakhs
200
87
Lake Restoration
Cost of Cleaning (INR 70/ ML) (as per CSE)
In INR Lakhs
2.24
0.98
0.58
3
3
2.4
1.47
Boats In INR Lakhs
3
9
Other Works (Excavation, Electrical work) INR Lakhs
5.6
30.5
21
Total Project Cost
783.75
Particulars
Godhavi
Manipur
Shela
Area of Plaza (sq. m.)
2000
2000
2000
Cost of Solar Panel (INR 9700/200 Watt/ 12V Solar Panel) (in INR Lakhs)
0.485
0.485
0.485
Cost of Pavement (0.012/sq. m.)
24
24
24
Cost of Seating (0.02/unit) INR Lakhs
0.1
0.1
0.1
Total Cost (in INR Lakhs)
73.75
Blue Infrastructure Spatial Mapping
Plaza
Clay Lining
110 X 0.015=1.65
Capex
designed suitable to the designated theme of activities and create a platform for public participation.
1403.40
2740Lakhs
T
he objective of the this plaza is to connect lake front and garden to provide theme based facilities which would be innovative and dynamic than those of a typical garden. The plaza would have design elements, furniture, spaces
Total
Project Expenditure
Integrating Blue & Green Infrastructure Smart Plaza To Connect
Other Areas
80266
In INR Lakhs
Energize Park by Pune Smart City
Shela
Lake Area (sq. m.)
In sq. m.
26
Manipur
Opex
Godhavi
137Lakhs
Calculation
2015 2035 DTPS 12 DTPS 11
GODHAVI
DTPS 13
AMC Green Network
DTPS 14
3.50 Ha
MANIPUR
DTPS 15
DTPS 17
Lake Front Development
DTPS 10
DTPS 9
DTPS 16
8.02 Ha
Lake Front Development
DTPS 8
27
DTPS 7 2.10 Ha
DTPS 6
Lake Front Development
DTPS 5
3
Lake Front Development
38
Waterbody Rejuvenation
Green Corridor 18.75 km
DTPS 4
Waterbody Rejuvenation
DTPS 1
DTPS 3
DTPS 2 SHELA
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
CAPEX (INR 2740.12 Lakhs)
Hierarchy of Open Lake Rejuvenation Spaces and Development + Plaza Lake Rejuvenation and Development Total + Plaza
2740.12 857.5 857.5
Total
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OPEX (10%) (INR Lakhs)
Source AMRUT, AUDA Budget (Land Value Capturing, TP AMRUT, mechanism, Village AUDA Budget (Land Panchayat Budget, Value Capturing, TP Panchvati Scheme, CSR mechanism, Village Panchayat Budget, 3597.62 Panchvati Scheme, CSR
OPEX (10%) 137 (INR Lakhs) 137 42.8 42.8
3597.62
Source SourceVending Food/ Stalls Space Rent, Advertisement Food/ Vending Space Rent, Amul Stalls Space Rent, Parlour Advertisement Space Rent, Amul Parlour 179.8
Project Components
Quantity
Per Unit Generation/month
Cash Flow Source Food/ Vending Stalls Space Rent
Quantity 500 sq. m.
Per Unit Generation/month INR 215/sq.m.
Food/ Vending Boating Stalls Space Rent Advertisement Boating Space Rent
500 sq. m. 6
Advertisement Amul Parlour Space Rent Total Amul Parlour
2025 (in INR Lakhs)
2030 (in INR Lakhs)
Total Generation/mont h (INR) Total Generation/mont 1,07,500 h (INR)
Total Generation/year (INR Lakhs) Total Generation/year 12.90 (INR Lakhs)
215/sq.m. INR 20/person
1,07,500 0.60
12.90 7.2
250 sq. m. 6
INR 160/sq.m. INR 20/person
40,000 0.60
4.80 7.2
250 sq. m. 4
INRlakhs 160/sq.m. 7.5
40,000 30,00,000
4.80 360
7.5 lakhs Scenario 2
30,00,000 Scenario 3
384.9 360 Scenario 4 384.9 Private: 0% Grant Funding: 100%
Total Funding Model
Private: 100% Grant Funding: 0%
Private: 50% Grant Funding: 50%
Private: 30% Grant Funding: 70%
NPV
-2,138.55
-339.74
379.79
1,459.07
IRR
-17.787%
2.294%
22.990%
-
2035 (in INR Lakhs)
Hierarchy of Connected Open Spaces Village Level Garden in Shela
775.8
Village Level Garden in Godhavi
182.3
Village Level Garden in Manipur
179.8
Cash Flow Source
4 Scenario 1
Project Phasing & Implementation Project Cost
Project of Open Hierarchy Spaces
Source
PPP Model Cash Flow
CAPEX (INR
Project Cost
Project
Finance Mechanism Lakhs)
487.3
Cluster Level Garden
1266.6
Green Corridor – Phase I
18.52 9.6
Green Corridor – Phase II Lake Rejuvenation and Development Lake Restoration & Lakefront Development: Shela
79.58
Lake Restoration & Lakefront Development: Godhavi
139.8
Lake Restoration & Lakefront Development: Manipur
125.38
Restoration of other lakes
7
7
7
Clay Lining
52
200
87
Peripheral Tree Plantation
1
1.8
75.65
Plaza Development Total Funds Released
73.75 1097.68
1633.72
865.68
Maintenance Model he two projects of Hierarchy of Open Spaces and Lake Rejuvenation and Development have been proposed in synergy, where the proposed garden and
T
less than the annual cash inflows, generating a yearly profit of 205 INR Lakhs. Under PPP model AUDA would allow AMUL to construct its parlor inside the garden premises. AMUL
lakefronts are spatially located together. Hence the project finance model has been formulated accordingly.Scenario 3, is a self sustaining model as the maintenance cost is
would enter into a contract for maintenance with GESS where it is paid as per the actual cost incurred for the maintenance which would bring stability to employment also.
AUDA
AMUL
Gujarat Environmental Science Society (GESS)
Built and Funded by Grants and CSR Funding
Owned by AUDA
Operated and Maintained by AMUL
0
05
CHAPTER
BLUE GREEN OPPORTUNITIES & VALUES Sustainable Development Goals Integrating Blue Green With Other Infrastructure Components Blue Green Determinants
29
Ahmedabad City Infrastructure Plan , Inhaitants Blue Green: Revamping Blue Green Infrastructure For Livelability
Grey Water Reuse
Sustainable Development Goals
On site reuse of grey water for certain residential typologies. Source separation of wastewater to ease the treatment. Further treatment of municipal greywater and reuse for agriculture & landscape purpose.
Storm Water Harvesting &Lake Interlinking
Interlinking of lakes through storm water network to utlise overflowed water, capturing storm water through swale & household roof top to recharge ground water
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Portable Water Resource
Blue Green Determinants
T
oday in urbanized cities blue and green infrastructure would be an asset to face challenges and hazardous conditions such as urban heat wave, air quality, zero water and present circumstances of global pandemic COVID-19 outbreak.Under article 51 (A), Amendment Act 1976 it imposes a responsibility on every citizen to protrct and improve natural environment including forests, lakes rivers and also have compassion for living creatures. Integrating blue and green with other infrastructure components will add values to the available resources which would make it resilient and sustainable.
To provide an alternative source for portable water by recharging water bodies through stormwater runoff and reduce stress on municipality for water supply.
Blue
Green Cover & Urban Heat Island To increase green cover through tree plantation to reduce heat stress within built mass and to create community gardens for social gatherings through a connected green corridor.
Solid Waste Management Segregation, collection and transportation of solid waste at source level by integrating ragpickers into the system and treatment of wet waste through organic converter can be used for landscape & urban agriculture.
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Green CONVERGENCE MINDMAP
Air Quality The action plan of Air is integrated with Blue Green Infrastructure by increasing the green cover and plantation of trees and cleaning and development of lakes.
Integrating Blue Green With Other Infrastructure Components
References Cover Page Background Floral Image, Source credits: Freepik.com Aerial Photograph of South Ahemedabad Urban Sprawl, Photograph credits: Robert Stephens City Infrastructure & Its Components Infographic, Source credits: media2.govtech.com/ Sensors_and_Cities_Infographic Studio Methodology, Logistics Zone & Multimodal Infographic, Source credits: vectorstock.com Energize Park by Pune Smarcity, Photograph credits: Rajesh nikam Sustainable Development Goals Credits,
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