Ente-Kochi - Flood Resiliency framework, Mullassery Canal

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KOCHI, ERNAKULAM


SITE

Mullassery canal, Kochi


Kochi’s decreasing greenery

1990

1997

2007

2009

2011

2014

Waterbody Vegetation Open/ exposed Built-up

Source: Chithra S V, “The Spatio -Temporal Changes in Impervious Surface Coverage and Their Environmental Impacts Due to Urbaniza tion in Kochi- A Study Using Remote Sensing and GIS"


Kerala Floods (2018)

Source: TimesNow news


Heavy Flooding

Source: Reuters


Excess Garbage

Source: Liji Jinaraj


Unregulated sewage

Source: Ente kochi

Source: SuSanA Secretariat


Unsafe streets

Source: Times of India


How do you create a dynamic, safe, and resilient city, with the people of Kochi ?


ADAPT + CONNECT + EMPOWER Toolkits for a Resilient, Vibrant, and Inclusive Kochi


TODAY: Unsustainable Urban Development


TODAY: Unsustainable Urban Development

VISION : Towards a Circular Resource Paradigm


ADAPT the landscape through Nature based solutions

+

CONNECT the public realm and mobility systems

+

EMPOWER the community to create inclusive neighbourhoods


ADAPT

Protect

Restore

Enhance

Construct

Landscape Toolkit

Green Systems

L-A1 Urban Forests/ Groves/ Tree Mapping

L-B1 Soils/ Degraded forests

L-C1 Parks/ Maidans

E-B1 Community awareness

L-B2 Canal day-streaming/ Edge restoration

L-C2 Coastal edge against erosion

L-A3 Aquifer recharge zones/ Aquifer Mapping

L-B3 Polluted/ Depleted aquifers

L-C3 Coastal aquifers against saltwater intrusion

L-D1 Green roofs/ Constructed wetlands

Surface Water L-D2 Bioswales/ Curbside rain gardens/ pervious pavement

Ground Water

L-D3 Infiltration ponds/ Rainwater harvesting


CONNECT

Access

Include

Activate

Generate

Mobility toolkit

Arterial roads

M-A1 Sidewalk/Cycle lane/Public Bike-Sharing

M-A2 Pedestrian crossings/ Tactile pavers/Ramps

M-B1 Sidewalk/Cycle lane /Rickshaw stand/Parking

M-B2 Shared zones/Eyes on the Street/Street lighting

M-C1 Bus stop/Sidewalk, cycle lane/Cycle parking

M-C2 Community toilets/ Feeding rooms/Street lights

M-A3 Pop-up pavilions/ Cultural trails/Crosswalk art

M-A4 Designated and temporary vending zones

M-B3 Park lets/Temporary street closures/Seating stewardship

M-B4 Active street edges/ Vending zones

Neighbourhood roads

Open spaces

M-C3 Community event spaces/Public service camps

M-C4 Pop-up markets/Vendor spaces


EMPOWER

Inform

Engage

E-A1 Building awareness

E-A2 Community led initiatives

E-A3 Catalysing lifestyle changes

E-A4 Waste as resource

E-B1 Community awareness

E-B2 Building local knowledge

E-B3 Community stewardship

E-B4 Capturing positive network effects

E-A1 Building E-C1 Creating systemic awareness

E-C2 Participatory governance/ Align community stakeholders

E-C3 Knowledge exchange

E-C4 Capacity building and funding/ Housing/ Infrastructure delivery

Collaborate

Support

Community Toolkit

Household

Neighbourhood

City


ADAPT

+

CONNECT

+

EMPOWER


Mullassery Canal: Proposed Precinct Framework


Mullassery Canal: Proposed Precinct Framework


Mullassery Canal: Proposed Precinct Framework


Padikathukulam Model Community


Waste 'Edam' - Neighbourhood Waste Centre

I collect waste and then turn it into upcycled products, along with the students and residents in the community. Who knew waste could help me realise my creative and business potential!


Govt Law College - Campus Community Living


Living Shoreline & Indira Priyadarshini Park

The lush coastal edge, water bodies, and community spaces take me back to Kochi’s past...It is uplifting to see developers transform the skyline, which strengthens our resilience towards climate change. I am glad that the living shoreline protects from coastal erosion, creates an ecological park system and also a real-estate boon.

L-C2,C3. Living Shoreline

L-D2,D3. Floodable OAT

M-C1. Bike Lane M-C3. Pavillion

L-C2. Breakwaters


Community Managed Groves Did you know! Community groves have always been a part of Kerala’s traditional rural landscape (Kavus) & remnants of it are still evident in the fabric of Kochi. As the guardian of one such grove, I feel empowered and environmentally conscious. In the groves, we grow our own food, recycle waste into biogas, recharge our wells.

L-A1,C1. Floodable Landscape E-A4_Domstic Composting

E-A2,Waste Segregation

E-B2,A3. Community Garden

E-A3 / E-A4. Domestic Biogas

L-A3 / C3 Aquifer Recharge Wells



From Competition to DPR


Stakeholder Engagement and Buy-in - Decision makers

Meeting with Jury and Kochi Collective


Stakeholder Engagement and Buy-in - Decision makers

Meeting with Kochi Mayor and Ernakulam District Collector


Stakeholder Engagement and Buy-in - Community representatives

Meetings with key civil society stakeholders along Mullassery canal


Detailed proposal along 3 scales

Cloudburst Resilience Framework

Canal Edge Masterplan

Masterplan and Pilot Projects for Subsite B


Cloudburst resilient framework (Precinct)


Kochi’s Climate Context: Rainfall and Cloudbursts Climate change predict higher occurrences of extreme rainfall events...

2018 cloudburst (780mm)


Padma Jn

Market Canal

Existing Stormwater Infrastructure Ambedkar stadium

MG Road

KSRTC Bus stand

Jewish cemetery

Priyadharshini Park Maharaja Ground

Ernakulam Boat jetty

Surveyed Drain lines Surveyed Covered Drains

MaharajaCollege

Ernakulam Junction

Surveyed Culverts Existing Stormwater Pipes (from Esteem report)

Source: Esteem report + Site Survey along the canal


Padma Jn

Market Canal

Direction of drains into the canal and flood zone Ambedkar stadium

MG Road

KSRTC Bus stand

Jewish cemetery

Priyadharshini Park Maharaja Ground

Ernakulam Boat jetty

Drain flows into canal Flood Prone Area (from Esteem report)

MaharajaCollege

Ernakulam Junction

Highly Floodable Area Storm water Pipes

Source: Esteem report + Site Survey along the canal


Cloudburst Network of Blue-Green Streets and Open Spaces

Sponge Buildings

Central Sponge Spaces

Sponge Collector Street

Sponge Green Streets

Local Sponge Spaces

Cloudburst + Sponge Streets


Sponge Framework

Sponge Green Street Cloudburst + Sponge Street Collector Street Cloudburst Stormwater Pipe Central Sponge spaces Local Sponge spaces Community Grooves Sponge Buildings


+/-10% Of Annual Rainfall Volume

Rainfall

+/20%

Of Annual Rainfall Volume

On-site Mitigation

Sponge Green Streets

Sponge Collector Streets

Local Sponge Spaces

Central Sponge Spaces

Canal / Stormwater pipe

On-site Mitigation

Sponge Green Streets

Sponge Collector Streets

Local Sponge Spaces

Central Sponge Spaces

Canal / Stormwater pipe

On-site Mitigation

Sponge Green Streets

Sponge Collector Streets

Local Sponge Spaces

Central Sponge Spaces

Canal / Stormwater pipe

+/-70% Of Annual Rainfall Volume


Sponge Framework

+/-10% Of Annual Rainfall Volume

Sponge Green Street (works with existing drains) Canal Community Grooves


Sponge Framework

+/20%

Of Annual Rainfall Volume

Sponge Green Street Cloudburst + Sponge Street Local Sponge spaces Sponge Buildings Community grooves


Sponge Framework

+/-70% Of Annual Rainfall Volume

Sponge Street Cloudburst + Green Street Collector Street Cloudburst Stormwater Pipe Central Sponge spaces Local Sponge spaces Community Grooves Sponge Buildings


Cloudburst Framework

+/-10% Of Annual Rainfall Volume

1.2m GWL Rainwater Harvesting (Store + Delay)

Sponge Street

Mullassery Canal

Local Sponge Spaces

Maharaja Ground

Plaza - Central Retention

Drain

(Convey)


Cloudburst Framework

+/20%

Of Annual Rainfall Volume

1.2m GWL Rainwater Harvesting (Store + Delay)

Sponge Street

(Delay + Convey)

Mullassery Canal Local Sponge Spaces (Convey Safely)

(Delay + Store)

Maharaja Ground

Plaza - Central Retention

Sponge Space (Delay)


Cloudburst Framework

+/-70% Of Annual Rainfall Volume

1.2m GWL Rainwater Harvesting (Store + Delay)

Sponge Street

(Delay + Convey)

Mullassery Canal Local Sponge Spaces (Convey Safely)

(Delay + Store)

Maharaja Ground

Plaza - Central Retention (Store + Delay)

Sponge Space (Delay)

Cloudburst Pipe

(Convey Safely)


Canal Edge Framework


Canal Edge Master Plan


Precedents

A- Canal Origin

Green Mobility Corridor Maintenance Grating Ernakulam Railway Line

Stakeholders Kochi Municipal Corporation Kerala State Road Transport Corporation Minor Irrigation Department

Waste Filtration Screens

Wetlands


Precedents

B - Canal Community Parklets

Woonerf (Shared Street)

Community Parklets

Residential

Karikkamuri Neighbourhood Commercial

Stakeholders Kochi Municipal Corporation

Mullassery Canal Rd

Stormwater drain towards wetlands 5m

Kudumbashree Karikkamuri Residents Welfare Association

3.5m


Precedents -

C - Canal Daylighting

Sawmill River, Yonkers

Woonerf (Shared Street)

Canal Daylighting

Stakeholders

Local Retention

AK Seshadri Rd

5.4m 4m

Kochi Municipal Corporation Kochi Metro Rail Limited Public Works Department

3.8m

Canal Deepening and Natural Bed


Precedents -

E - Canal Widening and Naturalising

Kallang River Restoration, Singapore

3.8m

3.8m

3.8m

Urban agriculture

Canal Widening and Natural Bed

Drawing Credit : Weaving with Water

Stakeholders

Kochi Municipal Corporation

3.8m

Soft flexible edges

Padikathukulam community

Public Works Department

Kudumbashree


Precedents

G- Canal Mouth

Deck Green mobility corridor Breakwater s

Living coastal edge

3.8m

Marine Drive walkway

Drawing Credit : Weaving with Water

Stakeholders Kochi Municipal Corporation

Cochin Smart City Limited

Greater Cochin Development Authority

Cochin Port Trust


Sub-site Masterplan and Pilot Projects


Subsite B Key Plan


Existing Site condition


Issues


ADAPT

Landscape Framework


ADAPT

Landscape Framework

+

CONNECT Mobility Framework


ADAPT

Landscape Framework

+

CONNECT Mobility Framework

+

EMPOWER Community Framework


Concept Masterplan & water management and flood mitigation strategies


Pilot Project 1- MGRoad


Existing Scenario


Annexing PWDPark


Complete Street Vision


Phase 1Landscape Strategies


Phase 1Mobility Strategies


Phase 1Community Strategies


Phase 1Complete Vision


Phase 2 Landscape & Community Strategies


Blue Green Infrastructure


Existing Site Section


Phase 1- Design Interventions


Phase 2 - Design Interventions


Proposed Vision


Pilot Project 2 - KMC Public Park


Existing Scenario


Phase 1Landscape Strategies


Phase 1Design Interventions


Fashion Street Vendor relocation


Phase 2 - Mobility Strategies


Phase 2 Landscape & Community Strategies


Complete Proposed Design Vision


Blue Green Infrastructure


Existing Site Section


Phase 1- Section


Phase 2 - Section


Proposed Vision


Towards Implementation


Implementation - Cross Sectoral Collaboration STATE

KMC

GoKL-PWD

Stormwater

Roads

GoKL-DMA Cloudburst management

Parks


Implementation - Detailed Drawings for Planning STATE

KMC

GoKL-PWD

Stormwater

Roads

GoKL-DMA Cloudburst management

Parks


Implementation - Detailed Drawings for Costing


Phasing of the Pilot Projects


Stakeholder Collaboration for Phase - 1


Stakeholder Collaboration for Phase - 2


Stakeholder Collaboration for Phase - 1


Stakeholder Collaboration for Phase - 2


Implementation framework

VIrtuous cycle of institutional shifts enabling Pilot Projects that catalyzing further institutional evolution and the contin ual improvement of Kochi as an evolving city (Image Credit: Sponge Collaborative)


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