ISSUE 1 • SEPT 2017
NEWGENMAG.CO.ZA
NEWGEN
REINVENT YOURSELF
GENDERS IN HOLLYWOOD pg. 8-9
EXCLUSIVE PURPLE HIBISCUS REVIEWS pg. 19-24
"AVENGER GENDER" pg. 6 FAMOUS WRITERS SHARE THERE OPINIONS ON GENDER INEQUALITY
10
PICTURES TAKEN BY SA PHOTOGRAPHER D'ANGELO SAVVAS INSIDE: Exclusive Gender Crossword
CONTENTS pg. 4-5
pg. 6
GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORT "The stereotypes people put on women and sportswomen should be eliminated in the 21st century. "
pg. 7
THE AVENGERS "Superheroes bring entertainment to many different types of people around the world."
pg. 8-9
GAME OF THRONES " A prime example of this lies within the structure of the series. "
GENDERS IN HOLLYWOOD "Some of us are familiar with the term “the glass ceiling”."
Meet The Team Ross Sinclair Jeffrey Crouse Jarryd Doo Cecilia Proni Zihan Jin
Social Media Strategist
Art Editor-in-Chief Copy Editor Designer Director | PAGE 2
CONTENTS Genders In Advertising, p10 - p11 "Making women out as being sex objects in order to sell products."
FEMINISM, p12 "Feminists need to keep on pushing forward to make society understand their grievances."
Gender Equality in the Workplace, p13 - p14 "Not all women are comfortable with leaving their young ones in the early stages and do not have an extended family supported system."
 Malala Yousafzai, p15 "How dare the Taliban take away my basic right to education?"
Magazine Cover Dilemma, p16
"Yes, this is very ironic. Writing about gender in Gender Issues, p17-18 magazines within a gender magazine." "Most people are born with binary sexual organs, which define them as either male and female, 0 or 1."
Purple Hibiscus Reviews pg.19-24 "This is where the purple hibiscus is discovered, a hibiscus that symbolizes hope and a new beginning."
Exclusive Content. pg25 - 28 Crossword, Swedish Q&A And A Botswana High-School Article on Gender
References, p29-30
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Gender Equality in Sport What’s puzzling to us is that the increased interest and participation in women’s sports has not at all been reflected in news and highlights shows., says by Marcel Messner, a co-author of the study and professor of sociology and gender studies. I was very depressed by this quote as I realized that Professor Messner was completely right. From the past to nowadays, sportsmen and sportswomen have always been treated differently by their coach and their country. The society is a male-dominant as a fact, although women do involve in the majority of the men-sports, they are more likely to represent the sports that involve beauty such as diving or skating. However, those sports are not the general sports that can be played anywhere in the public, therefore the adverts are more likely to concentrate on the casual sports, for instance, basketball, soccer, and etc.
Not only advertisements, sportsmen can also get more financial support from their country’s government as well as better training and nutritious. Many sportswomen are requested to wear shorts to attract people to watch their games, therefore the sponsors can sell more tickets to earn the profit. They also have to do the gender test before they start their games, it’s totally unfair as sportsmen can go directly to the games. The stereotypes people put on women and sportswomen should be eliminated in the 21st century. Physical power is not equal to mental strength, no one should be given the right to judge others from their talents and privileges. It’s still a long way to achieve gender equality, but no matter who we are, which gender we are, we should all put hands together to make the equal day comes soon. by Cecilia Proni
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Gender equality in Sport:
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My Rating: THE AVENGERS Reviewer: Cecilia Proni Movie: The Avengers Screen Writer: Joss Whedon Genre: Action/Adventure
Superheroes bring entertainment to many different types of people around the world. Some fight solo and some fight together as a unit. Marvel has brought us many different types of superhero films over the last 73 years. This film, The Avengers, features many famous names such as Robert Downey Jr and Director Joss Whedon. Even after many years Marvel still hasn’t lost his touch and we can see the movie in this box office smash. Nick Fury who runs an international peace agency that goes under the name of the “S.H.I.E.L.D” Alongside Marvel favourites, such as; Iron Man, Hulk, Thor, Captain America, Black Widow and Hawkeye. Thor’s Brother Loki puts the world under threat of an alien Invasion and it is up to the Avengers to save the world from total destruction. Many themes and morals can be taken from this film, one being the power of teamwork and how important it is when trying to accomplish even the most elite of tasks. The theme of power also comes into play as superheroes have powers and they must use this to their advantage in order to combat the forces of evil Overall the film brings many thrills and spills and is a great film in regards action and adventure. But a number of female roles in the film is to be questioned, the only female hero we see is the Black widow but there are many other female characters that can be implemented such as Captain Marvel and She-Hulk. Marvel the Avengers is a fantastic movie and should be seen by those who enjoy a little bit of super powered fun.
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Game of Thrones The American Fantasy Drama “Game of Thrones” created by David Benioff and D.B Weiss is a series that is enjoyed by thousands around the world. Along with the success of the series, many stereotypes have emerged, the series portrays men as strong and fierce whilst women, on the other hand, are seen as pretty and nice. The series gives us a number of male and female characters that push further than the roles that society has given them, but it doesn’t change the way that we as human beings feel about gender in general. But in order to get a better understanding of the whole “gender” concept that persists in this series we need to discuss the way it is portrayed historically. During the medieval times, people didn’t see gender in the same light as today. There were no such things as private or cultural spheres. So to say that gender during the medieval times is exactly the same as present day is beyond wrong. According to “The Geekery” a multimedia website the series is generally viewed in a misogynistic way. A prime example of this lies within the structure of the series. The privilege to own land and titles are for men only, especially men that have a specific bloodline and land gets passed down from generation to generation. Women, on the other hand, have to wear long flowing dresses and look beautiful, they also have to obey everything their husbands say. But one point stands out, almost all of the female characters in the series go against these expectations which in terms of TV is incredibly realistic. Not all women are the same, they all have their own personalities, strengths and weaknesses and we should see it in that light in more big budget TV programmes.
Writer: Ross Sinclair | PAGE 7
GENDERS IN HOLLYWOOD
by Ross Sinclair
The concept of the film is enjoyed by many people around the world; film brings that special piece of imagination into everyday life. But in terms of female actresses, the imagination is very limited as gender inequality in the film industry prevents females from receiving decent speaking roles. According to the Huffington Post, in 2014 only 28,7 percent of speaking roles were taken up by women, and out of 2000 roles, women were generally given the roles with less dialogue. Some of us are familiar with the term “the glass ceiling”. This term metaphorically describes the barriers that exist in the workplace and how they prevent women and minors from getting promotions as opposed to men. In the light of the film industry, only 16 percent of all writers, directors, producers, and cinematographers working for top movie organisations are women. This emphasises the realism involved in the metaphor and how it actually applies in the real world.
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The Hollywood film industry is mostly dominated by males, not because there is a shortage of talented female actresses. The gender gap with regards to tertiary studies in the film industry is very small. Around 51 percent of the students interested in film and are enrolled at the NYU Tisch school of arts are female. Similarly, around 46 percent of students at the USC school of cinematic arts are female. The film also undermines females in terms of salaries and wages. Men are known to sometimes earn more than double the salary of a woman in the film industries. Gender shouldn’t negatively affect your chances of being successful, however, we live in a perfectly imperfect world where the right opinion isn’t necessarily the general opinion. This is the main problem we face in fighting for gender equality. The world of film is a creative universe and everyone should be able to use their creativity to bring brilliance to our screens.
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Genders In Advertising
by Jeffrey Crouse
In today's society, women are over sexualized in the media. Look at any movie or advert in today’s modern age and you will see women represented in a seductive manner with revealing outfits and questionable behaviour. Making women out as being sex objects in order to sell products. Now, this type of over sexualised advertising objectifies women. This type of advertising plays on a male's natural instincts to be attracted to the advert and potentially buy the product because of the sexual message displayed.
This over sexualized marketing to me, is morally wrong and it does put women in an over sexualized position but this is the business environment our society lives in. Many businesses are competing ferociously in our capitalistic economy to get an upper hand in terms of consumers. I believe this marketing is not out to offend anyone but is simply put in place to attract consumers and create profit. Even though this marketing strategy is effective, people who are offended by this type of marketing should stay true to their morals and not support that specific company. At the end of the day, the power is in the consumer's hands to make the right choice and to create awareness about the over the sexualized reputation of women.
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FEMINISM The idea of feminism is great. Today feminism is made out to be a 'hate group' that downgrades men and tries to victimize women. This could not be further from the truth... Feminism is actually a great movement that is intended to break down walls for gender inequality and is trying to create an equal society. Feminism is just displayed poorly in the media and I urge anyone to understand that feminism is an amazing movement that the whole of society will benefit from. Feminism is just painted in a bad light in the media such as all the feminist cringe youtube videos.
written by Jeffrey Crouse
If society is to achieve equality then we as people need to accept feminism and adapt to these new ideas. Feminism is the way forward and we as the public must understand women issues and implement policies that ensure that our society has equality amongst both the genders. Feminists need to keep on pushing forward to make society understand their grievances. Feminism is society’s helper to creating a happier and equal society that doesn’t discriminate against people because of their gender. Men and women should both strive for equality amongst the genders in society. Feminism is the solution and the future to our world. | PAGE 12
Gender Equality in the Workplace by Zihan Jin Staggering statistics show that only 5% of women are Chief Executives of companies in our modern working world. Does this mean that women are unwanted or unfit to do the job as well as men? Regardless of the reasons, it is grossly unfair. Research shows that women are still considered to be the primary caregivers within the family home. They are required to nurture their children and look after the day-to day running of the family household. Understandable, this does not allow for the flexibility that high-powered jobs require. It still seems unbelievable, then in this day and age women should be penalised because of family commitments. A colleague very often replaces a highly educated, experienced female leader because they have to take extended maternity leave, perhaps. Not all women are comfortable with leaving their young ones in the early stages and do not have an extended family supported system. While there is a good argument that men are often faced with the same dilemma, the balance is still incredibly unfair towards women.
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This frequently results in some former female CEO workers forced into lower paid jobs once they are able to return to work. Often extremely over qualified for the roles they are forced to accept to earn an income, the employment sector still has had reliable employees regardless of their home commitments. A step in the right direction has been noted in The McKinsey & Company report, “...there is a link between companies which perform better financially and that have technology companies have these days. This would ensure equality and maximum productivity, which is, of course, the most important aim of any successful company. Even though final solutions are still a long way off, it is good to know that the issue of inequality in this area of the working world has been brought to light efforts are being made, by some, to find a solution. What seriously needs to be noticed is that women still need to fight to make their mark in the corporate world. | PAGE 14
Malala Yousafzai written by Zihan Jin
It’s very impressive that Malala Yousafzai is at a young age and so passionate about bringing brightness to the world. Yousafzai can speak Pashto, English, and Urdu fluently. She was educated mostly by her father, Ziauddin Yousafzai, who is an educational activist himself, runs a chain of schools known as the Khushal Public School. Yousafzai first ambition was to become a doctor, though later her father encouraged her to become a politician instead. Ziauddin realised at an early age that his daughter was very gifted. He undertook to develop her mind by talking about politics all night after her brothers had been sent to bed. At the age of 11, Yousafzai started speaking about education rights. "How dare the Taliban take away my basic right to education?" Yousafzai asked her audience in a speech covered by newspapers and television channels throughout India. At the age of 18, Yousafzai opened a school in the Bekaa Valley, near the Syrian border, for Syrian refugees. Her not-for-profit Malala Fund offers education and training to girls aged 14 to 18 years. Yousafzai asked the world to invest in "books, not bullets". In 2014, Yousafzai was the co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize because of her struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. She was only 17 that time and is the youngest Nobel laureate. Yousafzai’s story tells us that no matter which background you come from or which gender you are, you should always care about the world and try to help people who are still living in darkness. Every little change makes a difference to our future.
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Magazine Cover Dilemma Jarryd Doo Yes, this is very ironic. Writing about gender in magazines within a gender magazine. Anyway, this is a very good example of a gender inequality. Especially on front covers, it can be seen that women are generally seen in a less professional manner and men are usually showing off an ability or aspect of themselves. Men are usually shown in a bright light wearing fancy suits or showing off their muscular bodies. They are sometimes even showing off an ability on front covers like sport, while women just stand there and look pretty. This dilemma is created by magazine designers whose intentions are to sell a magazine. Usually, if the magazine is meant to attract a certain sex, they will use the opposite sex in order to get the magazine attention. This is prevalent in most men’s magazines where half naked women are shown as objects on the front cover. Can you see the difference between these cover pages?
To be controversial and set a trend we have jointly decided to put a woman in a suit as our front cover. This is a statement that woman can be professional too. Our target audience is the general public, and our hopes are that this could potentially inspire other magazines to show women in a professional manner aswell. | PAGEÂ 16
Gender Issues by Jarryd Doo
In today’s imperfect society, one has to acknowledge human progression and problem-solving abilities. We have created societies that are managed by law and constitution and overcome the era of ‘every man for themselves’ and hunter gathers. We have societies that have excess supply and demand of necessities like food and housing. However, one has to take into account the inequalities of modern societies. Most people are born with binary sexual organs, which define them as either male and female, 0 or 1. Parents tend to mould their childhoods around their ‘given’ gender which is assumed at birth. This tends to define everybody as a binary option and allows them to be easily categorised, however, judged by social constructions and stereotypes of their binary gender. Currently there are 63 different genders, however, some people still believe that there are only two. | PAGE 17
Gender fluid and non-binary individuals are people who do not have a given gender or categorise themselves as not a female nor a male. This allows people to fully express who they are or who they want to be. It breaks the membrane of socially constructed ideologies and empowers individuals to become whatever they want. In life, it important to love and accept yourself, however, this is hard for people who don’t feel comfortable with their gender. There are people who are uncomfortable with what their ‘given’ genders entail, however not all of them have the confidence to do anything about their mixed emotion. These people live their lives in fear of being judged by people. Their common solution is to just pretend to accept their given identity and mould their personality through social constructs. In order to further progress as human beings, we need to overcome the judgement of others and rather embrace our differences and different paths in life. This is slowly progressing and people are starting to accept others over time. Once we accept everybody, we can rather progress as a society rather than individuals. | PAGE 18
Purple Hibiscus Reviews
Magazine Writers give their reviews of Purple Hibiscus
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Review #1 By Jarryd Doo
The infamous ‘African’ writer, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, depicts the perfectly imperfect life of a Nigerian girl named Kambili. Kambili’s silent struggle is heard by the readers during constant domestic abuse and an autocracy within her household. Throughout the book Kambili changes as a person. She went through adolescence and matures through. At Aunty Ifeoma’s house, There is no ‘silence’. Everybody is allowed to speak and share their opinions and views. This was a real eye opener for Kambili and allowed her to realise that their ‘silence’ is the furthest thing from normal. Kambili’s father, Eugene, is the main antagonist in the novel. He is renowned by the public as a man of god and is recognised as a good person. However in the house he abuses Kambili and Beatrice. Later in the novel Eugene is poisoned by Beatrice. This is the peak of the storyline and really puts the readers on their toes. Now that he was gone, there was no silence and no restrictions for the family. However the consequence for his death was evidently that Kambili’s Brother, Jaja, was put in jail to protect his mother.
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Review #2 By Zihan Jin
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie addresses the validity of the patriarchal system in Nigeria in this moving and inspiring book. In the 21st century, the gender inequality which this system enforces is abhorrent. The narrative is tight and carries the reader along, sometimes shockingly so. The traditional ways and the new religion Kambili’s father embraces create a theatre of family violence that must inevitably be resolved, one way or another. Adichie paints a vivid portrait of a man tragically flawed. Kambili’s father makes a positive difference to the lives of the needy people in his community, while at the same time inflicting unendurable cruelties on his wife and two children. The novel opens with Jaja and Kambili as teenagers, Adichie has a clear insight into the minds of adolescents. The siblings could only hold their own by quiet rebellion. This explodes into more open defiance when Jaja refuses to take communion on Palm Sunday. From the oppressive dark of her father’s absolute rule, a note of hope and new beginnings is struck. Adichie is a master at creating the local colour and feel of Nigeria. Her touch is deft and brims with the bright colours of the tropics. The purple hibiscus after which the book is named becomes a metaphor of the resolution of the conflict. “Jaja will plant purple hibiscus, and I’ll plant ixora.” The reader is left with the promise of new growth for the protagonist and her remaining family. Kambili’s experience teaches us that it’s never too late to change and to be brave enough to strive for better circumstances. | PAGE 21
Review #3 By Ross Sinclair
Purple Hibiscus is written by the one and only Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The story gives us an in-depth look into the life of 15-year-old Kambili Achike. Kambili is faced with many challenges. A major challenge for Kambili is living with her abusive Catholic father, for whom she tries ever so desperately to please. She also lives with her brother Jaja, who seems to be perfect in every way with regards to his faith. With every breath, he takes he seems to please his father. One of the greatest things about this book is the coming of age theme, as it takes us through Kambili’s maturing life. Within the Achike household, there is conflict and turmoil every day between all members of the family. Even little things like scoring second best can switch the mood around in an instant. This causes Kambili to become increasingly more submissive to her father, but all of this changes in due. Purple Hibiscus overall is a good read. It brings about a good laugh every once in awhile but it takes you on a journey you will never forget and as the story goes on Kambili becomes more of an extroverted character. This book is one that you cannot put down.
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Review #4 By Cecilia Proni
Purple Hibiscus describes the intimidating journey of adolescence. In the world of Kambili Achike, there are rigid boundaries that can be considered utterly unfair. One of the many things that we see throughout the novel is the highlighted fact that post-colonial Nigeria has many corrupt ideologies. The novel describes many things both religiously and generally. One of the religious statements is about the line that stands older and newer gods. Generally speaking, the book is about how Kambili matures throughout her journey hence the coming of age. The newspaper company that her father runs is in grave danger under the new government. And at Aunty Ifeoma’s university things aren’t looking so great either. All the lecturers go on strike and corruption spreads like a wildfire through the country. Since the new government is putting a serious amount of stress on the family, Kambili and Jaja are forced to stay with their aunt anyway. There they learn that love does exist in the world as their aunty’s house is always filled with positivity. This is where the purple hibiscus is discovered, a hibiscus that symbolizes hope and a new beginning. Purple Hibiscus gives us an insight into post-colonial Nigeria and all the corruption that existed during the time. This book is one that has you reading for hours on end and it will make you want to learn more about Kambili and her journey through this rough time. | PAGE 23
Review #5 By Jeffrey Crouse
Purple Hibiscus is a moving and disturbing story that follows the lives of an upper-class family in Nigeria that is ruled by an abusive Catholic father, who uses religion as an excuse to violently punish his family members and control their lives. Kambili, who is the main character in the novel, struggles to break free from her father’s rule and finds out what it truly means to be an independent woman with a free choice. Purple Hibiscus dives into intense themes such as religion and gender roles.Kambili, throughout the book, is taken out of a strict tension filled household to a more liberal and free household of her aunt Ifeoma. At this place, Kambili slowly finds herself by learning to speak her mind and she soon realizes how different the two households are. Christianity is brought up time and time again in the novel and displays it in a negative light. The father’s actions and rules make Christianity out to be an oppressive and hypocritical religion. This engages the reader by giving a hyperextended stereotype of the very popular religion, however, isn’t factual. Purple Hibiscus is a great book, but readers beware! The book has plenty of underlying issues and messages and should be taken very seriously. One of the underlying issues is domestic abuse. This engages the reader because it has a ‘relating’ factor because it is a major issue in society. The book is recommended for readers who engage in the text and can really relate to Kambili and her mother.
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WORDSEARCH
EXCLUSIVE BOTSWANA ARTICLE SWEDISH HIGH-SCHOOL GENDER Q&A
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Gender WordSearch
ACCEPTANCE, ADVERTISEMENTS, EQUALITY, EQUITY, FEMALE, FEMINISM, FILM, FREEDOM, GENDER, LGBTQ, MALE, MEDIA, MEN, OPPRESSED, RIGHTS, WOMEN
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How are Gender Identities are Constructed, Maintained or Challenged By the Media? By Clara Sentongo Challenge the media Over the last generation, women have been included in advertisements, however only to be portrayed as sexual objects, accessories to men or as being limited to their homes and housework. Women are rarely given positions of power in adverts but are instead there to complement one man or another. It is time to start producing adverts that show females to be strong, independent women. It is crucial that we, the igeneration, start thinking critically about how gender identities are portrayed in the media so we can be the ones to change this. Staying at home is only a woman’s job? In domestic adverts it is solely women who are shown to use these products. Why? Are men incapable of being the ones to do the washing up? Is that only a woman’s job? Cleaning detergent adverts always have a women – who is usually a mother – telling us why we should buy that cleaning product. These adverts indirectly insinuate that 1) women are the only ones who clean the house 2) men cannot stay at home and take care of their children. These adverts not only characterise women to be housewives but also imply that men have to be the bread-winner of the family. Just think of what these adverts are doing. They are teaching young girls that it is their duty to cook, clean and care for children and also putting pressure on young boys by suggesting that they have to be the ones to bring money home for the family. Sweet or sour? A man is dressed in a suit while a semi-naked woman claws at him as his smell enthralls her. That’s how most men’s cologne adverts go. Yes, because women will throw off all their clothes at the whiff of his overly priced scent. In these adverts only a portion of the woman is ever shown. Sometimes it will just be her hands clasping at his chest. Another time it will be only her legs or maybe even her breasts! Do women matter so little that we can’t even be shown in full? Only selected parts of our bodies? Females suddenly become accessories to men, like watches or a briefcase. These adverts make women look like unintellectual beings who have no self-respect and lack opinion. They make women look like they are at the mercy of men and that women immediately forget themselves and all their dignity because he smells “oh so good”. | PAGE 27
Why can’t cologne adverts just be about a man smelling good instead of implying that women will be falling at his feet? Shouldn’t we be concerned that the media thinks sex sells? It seems the media does not tend to take any other advertisement paths when it comes to cologne adverts. This is not how it should be. What about men who don’t want women falling at their feet? They tend to feel alienated because cologne adverts are therefore not aimed at them. Who’s in control? Vehicle adverts always depict men as the driver, alluding to the idea of men being dominant. Again, women are accessories seen to be incapable of being in positions of power. Why are these adverts aimed at men? It is our duty to question this. By directing these adverts at men it makes women seem incapable of buying cars and being independent. They illustrate females to be reliant on men and this is not the way it should be. Furthermore, some think that by draping a woman over a car it suddenly makes it desirable. We are not sexual objects! This objectifies women as they are seen as something to “own” as well as the car. It is our duty to change this! The media has so much influence in not only determining what we see but also how we think and how we see ourselves. This is why it is important to teach not only our generation but also other generations to think critically and to not simply accept everything we are taught or in this case, shown. Often the older generation accept gender stereotypes. They were not given the opportunity to think critically and so have come to not notice sexist adverts The media, with all the power it has, should be persistently trying to challenge the way we think. The world needs more adverts where men and women are equal. Why only show a man driving a car when you can instead show both a male and female driving cars? Why only show women to be housewives when there are men out there who do stay at home and take care of children? Instead of confining gender to a role, why not teach children that whether you are a man or a woman should not determine what you will do or who you will be. It is our job to try and start changing things now. It is our job to motivate children to be open-minded and teach them to question things instead of confining them to a single story. It is our job to challenge the media and the way it presents gender identities. Adverts should never mislead, harm or offend anyone. They should reflect society accurately.
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References: Images:
All scenic Photos in magazine are taken by local photographer, D'Angelo Savvas. He has granted New Gen Magazine with permission to use his images. Check him out on Instagram: @DeesPlanet
[1] Pg. 1 Cover Page: Pinterest. (2017). Neckties Women. [online] Available at: https://za.pinterest.com/ginebrablonde/neckties-women/ [Accessed 7 Sep. 2017]. [2] Pg. 5 Cdnak1.psbin.com. (2017). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: http://cdnak1.psbin.com/img/mw=1100/cr=n/d=m75wp/7tqodwy82yal9a5j.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [3] Pg. 6 The Avengers Chan, L. E. (2015). Avengers: Age of Ultron Fanart. [image] Available at: https://za.pinterest.com/pin/AcyDUtj2PZP78ZgSSWyPOINnpvr7BgZpw0tgGYrHDPwV 3oH1WGAGTs/ [4] Pg. 7 Imgur. (2017). Excalibur. [online] Available at: http://i.imgur.com/eKVkZRJ.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [5] Pg. 7 Fm.cnbc.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://fm.cnbc.com/applications/cnbc.com/resources/img/editorial/2017/08/09/104643 352-game-thrones-daenerys-quote.1910x1000.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [6] Pg. 16 I.kinja-img.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/s-Ud8Bgh9z--/c_scale,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/17y6v7nm0n5y6jpg.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [7] Pg. 15 Owensborohealth.org. (2017). [online] Available at: http://www.owensborohealth.org/app/files/public/18262/femaile-web-right.png [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [8] Pg. 15 Image.freepik.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://image.freepik.com/free-icon/male-sign-ios-7-interface-symbol_318-36737.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [9] Pg. 12 Mommyish.com. (2017). [online] Available at: http://www.mommyish.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/sexy-feminist.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. [10] Pg. 11 4.bp.blogspot.com. (2017). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fb-kk9Uw1M/TtbI95AALzI/AAAAAAAAG_w/JM2KLsfj4w8/s1600/DolceGabana-Light-BlueAd-Campaign-230810-2.jpg [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017].
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Articles: [1] Pg 4, gender equality in Sport Good, A. (2015). When it comes to women in sports, TV news tunes out. [online] Available at: https://news.usc.edu/82382/when-it-comes-to-women-insports-tv-news-tunes-out/ [Accesed 5 June. 2015]. [2] Pg 7, Games of Thrones Game of Thrones Wiki. (2017). Gender and Sexuality. [online] Available at: http://gameofthrones.wikia.com/wiki/Gender_and_Sexuality [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017]. [3] Pg 8&9, Genders in Hollywood new york film academy. (2017). Gender Inequality in film. [online] Available at: https://www.nyfa.edu/film-school-blog/gender-inequality-in-film/ [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. [4] HuffPost. (2017). The Film Industry's Problem Of Gender Inequality Is Worse Than You Think. [online] Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/martha-ts-laham-/thecelluloid-ceiling-tru_b_11389544.html [Accessed 7 Sep. 2017]. [5] Zurko, N. (2013). Gender Inequality in Film. [online] Available at: http://www.nyfa.edu/film-school-blog/gender-inequality-in-film/ [Accessed 25 Nov. 2013]. [6] Pg 12, Gender Equality in the Workplace Millar, C.C. (2017). How to Close a Gender Gap: Let Employees Control Their Schedules. [online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/07/upshot/how-to-close-agender-gap-let-employees-control-their-schedules.html? mcubz=0 [Accessed 7 Feb. 2017]. [7] Pg 10, Genders In Advertising Chocolate Class. (2016). Chocolate Marketing: Sexualization and Objectification of Women. Available at: https://chocolateclass.wordpress.com/2016/04/08/chocolate-mar keting-sexualization-and-objectification-of-women/ [Acessed 8 April. 2016].
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