National Parliamentarian (Vol.83, No. 1) by National Association of Parliamentarians

Volume 83, No. 1 | Fall 2021

National Parliamentarian

Continuing the Journey: From Good to Great

Willing But Unable: Incapacity and the Incumbent

Good

page 8

Expediting Meetings page 14

G re at

NAP 2019-2021 History page 25

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NP 2021-2023 NAP Officers President Wanda M. Sims, PRP Vice-President Alison Wallis, PRP Secretary Mona Y. Calhoun, PRP Treasurer Henry C. Lawton, PRP Directors-at-Large Mary Q. Grant, PRP Adam Hathaway, PRP Carl Nohr, PRP District Director Representatives Lucy H. Anderson, PRP Deborah A. Underwood, PRP Parliamentarian Timothy Wynn, PRP Legal Advisor Melanye Johnson, RP Executive Director Cynthia Launchbaugh

National Parliamentarian

Volume 83, No. 1 | Fall 2021

Contents

From the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 President’s Message Continuing the Journey: From Good to Great . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 FEATURES Defusing Dueling Agendas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Steven J. Bolen, PRP Willing But Unable: Incapacity and the Incumbent . . . . . . . . 8 C. J. Mills, PRP and Jonathan Jacobs, PRP It Depends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Daniel W. Fitzpatrick, PRP Expediting Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 John R. Berg, PRP DEPARTMENTS Test Yourself Zip Through This Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 David Mezzera, PRP Questions & Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Answer Key – Zip Through This Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 NAP Connections Marjorie Vogel, 1920-2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Kansas State Association of Parliamentarians Resolution Parliamentary Law Club of Richmond, Virginia Celebrates Seventy Years of Leadership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Margie Booker, PRP and Gladys Jordan National Association of Parliamentarians® 2019-2021 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

NAP’s Vision: To provide parliamentary leadership to the world

New Registered Parliamentarians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 New Professional Registered Parliamentarians . . . . . . . . . 35 Silent Gavels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 New Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 www.parliamentarians.org

National Parliamentarian

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Editor Rosalie H. Stroman, PRP npeditor@nap2.org

Assistant Editor TennieBee Hall

NP Review Committee Dana Dickson, RP-R, Chair Ronald Dupart, PRP Ferial Bishop, PRP

Parliamentary Research Committee Ann Homer, PRP Rachel Glanstein, PRP Azella Collins, PRP Timothy Wynn, PRP, Parliamentarian

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National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

From the Editor With this issue, my term as National Parliamentarian® editor begins. I am very grateful to President Wanda Sims for the opportunity to serve NAP in this position, and extend my sincere appreciation to TennieBee Hall for making the transition from one administration to another very smooth and easy. I look forward to working with the 2021-2023 National Parliamentarian® editorial team: assistant editor TennieBee Hall, the NP review team (Dana Dickson, RP-R, Ronald Dupart PRP, Ferial Bishop, PRP), and the Q&A Parliamentary Research Committee (Ann Homer, PRP, editor; Rachel Glanstein, PRP; Azella Collins, PRP; Timothy Wynn, PRP, parliamentarian). I also look forward to the continuing support of the NAP staff who help with the production of each issue. Beginning in January 1938 with Parliamentary Pickles, the predecessor to National Parliamentarian®, NAP has had the tradition of providing an interesting, educational, informative, and thought-provoking publication. To help continue this tradition, please consider submitting an original article, sharing a subject of interest to our audience. Subjects can range from parliamentary law and procedure to leadership, technology, meeting management, teaching techniques, business management, issues you have experienced as a parliamentarian or other areas of your expertise. See the guidelines and deadlines for submitting articles on page 2 of this publication. Please send your contributions, comments, and suggestions to npeditor@nap2.org. Rosalie H. Stroman, PRP

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President’s Message

Continuing the Journey: From Good to Great The past twenty-four months have been a whirlwind of tremendous change. Our educational offerings are indeed second to none. We are grateful for the volunteers who staff our electronic meetings, proctor and grade exams, offer us legal advice, and support us as we strive to accomplish more than ever before. Starting today, we are on a road from good to great. That road will be paved with hard work, dedication to the cause and not the spotlight, continued transparency in decision making by the board of directors, and innovation in the ways we deliver educational programs to our members, our communities, and to the world. Good to great never means that we were not great at any point in our illustrious past. The phrase means that the level of excellence we have achieved together is only the genesis of what lies ahead. We will leverage technology to serve us in the delivery of not only educational programming, but also in credentialing of our members, new and continuing. The recruitment of specialized volunteers will allow us to place them where their talents shine through, illuminating the way as we charge boldly toward our goal—the goal of good to great. Immediate Past President Darlene Allen is a trailblazer, and led our association through the wilderness of the pandemic to emerge at the 43rd biennial convention with a new purpose, a noble strength, and a resilience for which we owe her our gratitude. I invite you to join me as a new biennium begins. Your new board is humbled and honored to serve you during the next two years. We are ready for what dreams may come, what obstacles may stand before us, and what celebrations lie at the end of our journey at the 2023 biennial convention. We will go from good to great—together. Wanda M. Sims, PRP 2021-2023 NAP President 4

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Defusing Conflicting Agendas By Steven J. Bolen, PRP

Agenda1: Definition 1) A list of matters to be discussed at a meeting. Definition 2) A list of aims or possible future achievements.

In a culture where, increasingly, conflict has become a normal aspect of life, it is not surprising when we find organizations are seeking help in dealing with their internal conflicts. Recently, a client organization found itself struggling to get anything done due to such conflict. They frequently got stuck on the question of the agenda or, more specifically, on whose agenda should be used. At times, the two definitions of the word agenda can conflict when different groups pursue the adoption of differing agendas of purpose for the meeting. Black’s Law Dictionary defines the term agenda to mean “Memoranda of things to be done, as items of business or discussion to be brought up at a meeting; a program consisting of such items.”2 While this definition sweeps a wide path encompassing all things that occur in a meeting, Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised uses a technical definition that is narrower; thus, when discussing an “agenda,” one must be clear as to whether it is used in the general non-parliamentary sense or as parliamentary terminology. The rules under which an organization operates influence how the meeting agenda must be handled. Many governmental bodies, ranging from

advisory boards to city councils, operate under open meeting laws and therefore, in the nomenclature of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised, essentially operate as if every meeting were a special meeting in that they must provide the agenda beforehand and are unable to deviate from it during the meeting. Organizations that do not operate under open meeting rules are not subject to restrictions as to the freedom of their agendas. However, as David Hume said in the 18th century, “There is no such thing as freedom of choice unless there is a freedom to refuse.” Whenever an assembly has the ability to choose or refuse, the personal agenda of some members may come into play. Non-Conflict Agenda Creation General Robert envisioned a methodical open approach to the creation of agendas to keep them free from the personal agendas of members. Presiding officers will often express their intent by sending a proposed agenda with the meeting notice; however, contrary to the belief of most of the uninformed, the agenda does not belong to the presiding officer but to the assembly. A proposed agenda is constructed, within the context of the rules, as a multi-tier structure built from, firstly, the general flow of the meeting, referred to as the order of business; then secondly, a list of business items previously approved, or carried over to, the meeting; and finally, a list of new items that may be considered. The foundation of everything that happens in a meeting is represented in

1 The Cambridge Dictionary (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/agenda) 2 Deluxe Black’s Law Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Page 63 www.parliamentarians.org

the order of business (RONR 41) which includes all categories that will be tackled. For most assemblies, this order generally will be constant from meeting to meeting and, once adopted (RONR 3:16), should require a two-thirds vote to change. The rules provide, in descending order of priority, four methods for the creation of these categories, each method overruling the methods listed beneath it: 1. Resolution from the previous meeting. 2. Bylaw provision. 3. Special or standing rule. 4. Parliamentary authority. Conflict on the order of business is greatly reduced by maintaining consistency across meetings and thus enhancing the integrity of the organization itself by allocating time for dealing with minutes, reports, and maintaining the rights of members to introduce new business. Continued construction of the agenda consists of taking the order of business and adding any series of special orders or general orders that have been made for the meeting. (RONR 41:58) The rules provide several ways that items become included in the order of business (RONR 41:23), primarily under the category of unfinished business: 1. Items made special orders or the special order by means of a resolution at the previous meeting. 2. Items made general orders by means of a resolution at the previous meeting. 3. Items previously made general orders for a previous meeting but which the assembly left unaddressed. 4. An item that was pending when the previous meeting adjourned. 6

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5. Items (such as nominations and elections) required to be addressed due to provisions of the bylaws or other governing documents. Where there is a flexibility in the ordering of unfinished items, wise planning can lessen conflict by tackling the non-controversial items first and thus encouraging cooperation and an atmosphere of accomplishment from the outset. When placing items under unfinished business, careful consideration should be given as to whether action is actually required. Too often, an item is listed under unfinished business when, in fact, it is just a status update and thus best listed under reports. Proper placement of such items can help reduce conflict since assemblies usually do not feel obligated to debate reports as they would an item of business. If no vote is going to be required, then it is likely to be just a report and should be handled as such. Finally, creators of agendas must address the question of new business. When presiding officers create proposed agendas, they often include items of new business, which would not fall under the technical term of “agenda” until formally introduced through the means of a motion. It is wise for the creator of such an agenda to note that these are items that have been proposed and “might” be discussed. Handling Agendas Within the Context of Meetings: When approaching the question of how to handle approval of agendas, the needs of the society to keep the meeting orderly is of the utmost importance. Orderly meetings are difficult to manage without a functional agenda. There are

some interesting motions for which the negative vote is inherently irrelevant. (RONR 4:35) For these motions there can only be an affirmative vote, as a negative vote would be dangerous to the organization. Motions relating to approval of minutes, agendas, resignations, and acclamations are some of these motions. Rejecting the minutes leaves the organization with no history. Rejecting a resignation leaves the organization with the dilemma of forcing membership. Likewise, voting down an agenda results in a situation similar to the mathematical dilemma of dividing by zero. Depending on whether you view the rules as permissive or restrictive, either all motions are now in order as in an unorganized society, or no motions are in order since there is no currently pending business category. Wisely, the rules provide a process so that the society need never be without an agenda. With the minutes, there is never a vote to approve the minutes but instead, the minutes are open to corrections and changes. Each of the changes is handled independently and, once no more changes are offered, the minutes should be declared approved as corrected. (RONR 41:9-10) Likewise, using a similar methodology, the agenda can be updated to the assembly’s preference with the motion to amend the agenda (RONR 41:63). Any of the accepted forms of amendment can be utilized—insert/add, strike out, strike out and insert, substitute— or fill in the blank. Using these

amendments, the agenda can be changed in any way necessary, including complete replacement via a motion to amend by substitution. When the agenda is introduced to the assembly and the floor opened for amendments, each proposed amendment would be handled, and the agenda updated, as necessary. Once all the proposed changes are addressed, the agenda can be approved as amended using unanimous consent. Any objections may result in additional motions to amend. It is important to remember the fundamental principle of “One thing at a time,” which means that when the agenda is being considered, only the agenda is being considered and the items on the agenda are not open for consideration at that time. While it is in order to add or remove items on the agenda, other actions such as postponement or committing to a committee are not in order as that is acting on the item, not the agenda. The rules regarding the handling of agendas are little known among non-parliamentarians, but they hold the key to getting meetings off to a productive start and allowing presiding officers to keep meetings on track. Conflicts within meetings were the sine qua non for General Robert’s development of the rules. Germinated in a period of deep cultural conflict, his rules have served the purpose of resolving meeting issues for 144 years, beginning with the turmoil of his time, and continuing to resolve them in ours. NP

Steven J. Bolen, PRP, an NAP member since 2019, is vice-president of the Martha Knowles Memorial Unit in Dallas, TX. He serves as consulting parliamentarian for several local organizations and clubs, presented at the 2020 NAP-NTC, and serves on various city and county advisory boards. www.parliamentarians.org

Willing But Unable: Incapacity and the Incumbent C. J. Mills, PRP and Jonathan M. Jacobs, PRP, CPP

When the news broke in 2020 that the President of the United States had contracted COVID-19, the nation became concerned with what would happen if the president could no longer serve due to illness or incapacity. There was much discussion about invoking the 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution (25th Amendment). Spurred by the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963, the 25th Amendment was enacted in 1967. One of the issues it addresses is what happens to the presidency and vice-presidency when the president and/or vice-president dies, resigns, or becomes incapacitated or disabled.1 This same discussion is relevant to organized societies. The incapacity of a president raises valid concerns among the members of organizations about lack of leadership and overall

anxiety about the state of the organization. The members of societies should be able to look to their bylaws for guidance on what to do if an officer, particularly the president, becomes incapacitated or disabled, potentially resulting in a vacancy in the office. What is “incapacity”? The dictionary defines incapacity as “the quality or state of being incapable especially: lack of physical or intellectual power or of natural or legal qualifications.” The medical definition of mental incapacity is 1: an absence of mental capacity. 2: an inability through mental illness or significant cognitive impairment to carry on the everyday affairs of life or to care for one’s person or property with reasonable discretion.2 What the framers of the Constitution meant by “incapacity”

1 National Constitution Center, https://constitutioncenter.org 2 https://www.merriam-webster.com 8

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and how it is determined is not clear. Section 3 of the 25th Amendment allows presidents to voluntarily determine they are incapacitated, and later determine they are able to return to the duties of the office. It has been invoked by presidents three times for medical procedures.3 Section 4 addresses the case in which presidents do not themselves declare their incapacity, either because they are unable or unwilling to do so. It provides for both a decision-maker (a body to determine that the president is no longer fit to serve as president), and a procedure to fill the vacancy (vice-presidential succession). It has never been invoked, although arguably there are instances when it should have been.4 Effect on Deliberative Assemblies Although Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised, 12th Edition (RONR (12th ed.)) 56:32 addresses vacancies

in the office of the president, it does not explicitly cite incapacity or disability as one of the causes of a vacancy.5 Depending on the bylaws, the members or board may have to determine whether the president is incapacitated.6 Available parliamentary procedures to address a vacancy resulting from this determination include: • Succession. “The vice-president automatically becomes the president for the remainder of the term, unless the bylaws expressly provide otherwise...” (RONR (12th ed.) 47:28-29 and 56:32). This is not optional. If this newly seated president is unwilling or unable to remain president, the newly elected president must resign and may not remain vice-president. A vacancy would then result, both in the offices of president and vice-president.7 If

3 President Ronald Reagan invoked it when he underwent cancer surgery in 1985 and put Vice-President George H.W. Bush in temporary charge. President George W. Bush invoked the amendment twice, in 2002 and 2007, while undergoing routine colonoscopies. 4 https://www.history.com 25th Amendment, January 2021 Update. It was considered twice under President Reagan—when an assassination attempt was made in 1981 and again in 1987 when he appeared “inattentive and distracted.” 5 This is distinguished from different rules that apply to vacancies due to incomplete elections, resignations, and disciplinary actions. 6 Bylaws of the National Association of Parliamentarians, Section 7. Vacancy in Office. A. If there is a vacancy in the office of president created by death, resignation, or incapacity as determined by the NAP Board of Directors, the vice-president shall immediately assume the office of president. B. A vacancy in any office other than president created by death, resignation, or incapacity as determined by the NAP Board of Directors shall be filled by the NAP Board of Directors. 7 Nothing in RONR (12th ed.) would preclude the now former president from filling the vacancy in the office of vice-president. www.parliamentarians.org

there are multiple vice-presidents, they each move up a level and the vacancy is created at the lowest vice-presidential position. • Special elections. If there are no vice-presidents and the bylaws do not prescribe any other method, the organization may have to conduct a special election (with previous notice) to elect a president for the remainder of the term. • Dual offices. Unless prohibited in the bylaws, nothing in RONR (12th ed.) prevents someone from serving in more than one office. If the only candidate for the office of president already holds an office, e.g., secretary, the candidate could still serve in both offices. If not prohibited in the bylaws, this would also allow an appointed officer (e.g., executive director) to complete the term. This may be a necessity for small organizations where it is difficult finding members to serve as officers. If incapacity is not determined or there is no vacancy, the question of what to do if the president is unable to serve is still open. The president may experience a short-term disability or temporary absences due to a medical condition or procedure. When faced with these types of situations, organizations can sustain the president through the end of 10

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

the president’s term. Care should be taken that this balancing act is not performed to the detriment of the organization. Options available in this case can include: • Delegation of authority. The president can authorize a member to act on the president’s behalf. This can only be done in accordance with the bylaws and other rules of the society. Delegation does not remove the president from office, but rather transfers certain presidential powers. • Chairman pro tempore (pro tem) positions. RONR (12th ed.) 47:11 provides for temporary occupants of the chair when neither the president nor any vice-president is present during meetings. The secretary should call the meeting to order and preside over the election of a chairman pro tem to serve for that meeting. This is done at the start of each meeting. The members may elect (with previous notice) a chairman pro tem to serve for more than one meeting. Unless otherwise authorized by the bylaws, the chairman pro tem only covers the job of presiding at meetings and not any other duties associated with the office of president. A long term incapacity of the president may require a permanent

solution; a society may require a president that is fully capable. A president in an irreversible coma, for example, or experiencing cognitive problems may be unable or unwilling to leave office voluntarily. This may require the assembly to create the vacancy by removing the president. The method for removal from office, if not stipulated in the bylaws, is found at RONR (12th ed.) 62:16. If the officer serves “for ___ years or until their successors are elected,” the election could be rescinded. If the officer serves for a fixed term, or “for ___ years and until their successors are elected,” a trial becomes necessary. In either case, if the removal is in the office of president, the vice-president automatically becomes president (62:16n6). Although drastic, removal might be a necessary action; a president

may have non-procedural duties that cannot be delegated. An organization may, after removal, choose to adopt a resolution recognizing the former president for the president’s service, bestowing well wishes and expressing the organization’s regret at having to take this action. The incapacity of the president is an unexpected and unfortunate situation. The spotlight on the 25th Amendment amid the COVID-19 crisis in 2020 reminds organizations of their vulnerability to similar circumstances. Fortunately, unless the bylaws state otherwise, RONR (12th ed.) provides relatively straightforward parliamentary guidance to organizations on how to address the effects of incapacity on the office of the president. Medical or legal guidance on incapacity should be sought from professionals. NP

C. J. Mills, PRP, is the secretary of the Pennsylvania Association of Parliamentarians and a member of the Parliamentarians of Philadelphia Pennsylvania Unit. She became a member of NAP in 2011 and PRP in 2018.

Jonathan M. Jacobs (J. J.), PRP, CPP, is the vice-president, and former president, of the Pennsylvania Association of Parliamentarians and the secretary of the Delaware Valley Unit. He became a member of NAP in 1987 and PRP in 1999.

www.parliamentarians.org

Depends It Da nie

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It Depends

One situation that presents parliamentarians with the potential for error are motions that may be processed in differing ways. These motions take on different characteristics depending on the circumstances of their use. For many students of parliamentary procedure, the first thing they study are motions, their classification and processing using the various classifications with the appropriate Standard Descriptive Characteristics (SDCs). Motion charts include several different types of motions, including Privileged Motions which includes a student’s first introduction to classifications, SDCs and order of precedence. During the initial phase of learning, the elephant in the room is that many motions are processed differently depending on the nature of when they are proposed. Every Privileged Motion may also become an Incidental Main Motion, if they are introduced with no business pending. For example, the motion to Fix the Time to Which to Adjourn, the highest-ranking secondary motion in parliamentary procedure becomes an Incidental Main Motion if introduced when no other motion is pending. It goes from the front of the line to just another main motion waiting its turn to be processed. Since all Privileged Motions share this characteristic, the chance for error is magnified. In their essential form, motion charts are a matrix of possibilities in the context of differing situations. The motion chart on the next page consists of five rows of motions and six columns of SDCs for a total of thirty variables. One aspect of total quality management is that the more variables a process has, the higher the potential for error. Within the thirty variables there are thirteen differences between processing a Privileged Motion and processing an Incidental Main Motion. For example, the motion Raise a Question of Privilege has an 83% chance of error (5/6), when the first variable, processing as a Privileged Motion or Incidental Main Motion is selected. In total there are thirteen Standard Descriptive Characteristics that differ when Privileged Motions are actually Incidental Main Motions. These thirteen differences result in a 43% chance of error. These variable alternative outcomes are considerably smaller in Subsidiary Motions but are still worthy of note. In conclusion we must be on guard that before motion processing begins, we must first ask ourselves is it a Privileged Motion or an Incidental Main Motion…the answer will always be…it depends. NP

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

PRIVILEGED MOTIONS1

Interrupt

Second

Debate

Amend

Vote

Reconsider

Fix the Time NO YES to Which to Adjourn RONR (12th ed.) §22

NO, unless in the form of a Main Motion

YES

Adjourn NO YES RONR (12th ed.) §21

NO, NO, unless in the unless in the form of a form of a Main Motion Main Motion

Recess NO YES RONR (12th ed.) §20

NO, unless in the form of a Main Motion

YES

Raise a YES, unless NO, NO, NO, Question of urgent; unless in the unless in the unless in the Privilege should not form of a form of a form of a RONR (12th ed.) §19 interrupt Main Motion Main Motion Main Motion once a person starts speaking2

When not NO, in the unless in the form of a form of a Main Motion Main Motion it is ruled on by the chair. If in the form of a main motion —majority.

Call for the YES NO NO, NO, Orders of unless in the unless in the the Day form of a form of a RONR (12th ed.) §18 Main Motion Main Motion

Must be NO, enforced on unless in the request of form of a one member Main Motion unless set aside by a 2/3 vote.

1 Incidental Main Motion if no question is pending. 2 No, if brought up as a Main Motion.

Daniel Fitzpatrick is a retired city manager from Rochester, New Hampshire. He been a PRP since 2009 and serves as the parliamentarian for the New Hampshire White Mountain Unit.

www.parliamentarians.org

John R. Berg, PRP

Few people want meetings to run longer than necessary. While staff and facilities may have an hourly rate, generally, when individuals are compensated to attend meetings, they receive a fixed sum for the meeting regardless of how long it may run. One community organization of over 650 members required a majority of the members for a quorum at membership meetings. They had no difficulty in obtaining a quorum because everyone received $200 for attending. The problem was that once everyone was checked in for the meeting and qualified to receive their check, a motion to adjourn ended the meeting before all the business was accomplished. While a motion to adjourn is an effective way to shorten meetings, it is not necessarily a productive tool when there is business yet to be accomplished. Parliamentary procedure is often criticized for slowing down meetings with unnecessary formality, but this criticism is usually not justified. When properly applied, parliamentary procedure expedites business by adjusting the degree of formality to the parliamentary situation. This article will explore both time-wasters to avoid and time-saving tools to implement. Start the meeting on time. At an early morning meeting, some of the attendees may want to wait for others to arrive, while many feel that they did not make the effort come to an early morning meeting just to wait for those 14

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who chose to sleep in. Perhaps bringing only enough donuts for those who arrive on time will help the habitual late-comers arrive on time in the future. If everyone who has a right to attend is there or has given notice that they will not be attending, the meeting may start before the appointed time if there is no objection. There would be no violation of absentees’ rights. However, if others have a right to attend, even just as observers, such as many public meetings, the meeting cannot start before the appointed time. A roll call of those in attendance is not required. If an attendance record is maintained, there can be a sign-in sheet or the secretary can quietly compile an attendance record. It is not necessary to formally determine a quorum nor announce that a quorum is present. The chair has the responsibility to not call the meeting to order unless a quorum is present. (If, after a reasonable time, it appears that a quorum will not be in attendance, the chair would call the meeting to order, announce that a quorum is not present and proceed to that business necessary to obtain a quorum or that can be conducted without a quorum.) RONR (12th ed.) 40:11. If the quorum is twenty-five and it is obvious that there are over a hundred in attendance, it would be dilatory to raise a point of order questioning the presence of a quorum. The minutes need not record that a quorum was present.

A motion to approve the minutes is not necessary. (What would be done if a motion to approve the minutes failed?) The minutes are either approved as written or corrected and approved by unanimous consent. If there is any disagreement on the appropriate corrections, that is handled by vote as an amendment. RONR (12th ed.) 41:10. Seconds to motions are not required in committees or in small boards of a dozen or less. When a second is required, it is not necessary to obtain or record the name of the seconder. RONR (12th ed.) 48:5. When motion cards are used, there is often time wasted in getting the seconder in the back of the room to sign the motion card. This is not necessary. The chair should know if there is unfinished business from the previous meeting and should not ask if there is any unfinished business. RONR (12th ed.) 42:10. Doing so just opens the window for members to reintroduce past business. If the chair knows the answer, the chair need not ask the question. It has been said that a lawyer should not ask a witness on the stand a question unless the answer is already known to the lawyer posing the question. Similarly, it is a waste of time for the chair to ask a question when the answer is already known. One organization required anyone running from the floor to file a notice of intent before the annual meeting. Nevertheless, the chair took the time to ask if there were any nominations from the floor for each office when it was known that there were only nominations from the floor for a few offices. The chair could simply

announce that there are no nominations from the floor for that office and move on. While the chair has no authority to end debate. RONR (12th ed.) 43:4, the chair can and should facilitate the conduct of business. By alternating debate between the pro and con for a particular motion, it can become clear when the debate is winding down or is no longer necessary. The chair can propose ending debate by unanimous consent, but should not do so if there are still members wishing to speak. Nominations do not need seconds nor do they require recognition from the chair before being made (except for practicality in a large meeting). RONR (12th ed.) 46:6. It is not necessary for the chair to ask three times if there are any further nominations. It is not necessary to have a motion to close nominations. RONR (12th ed.) 46:20. Many votes on routine, noncontroversial motions can be taken by unanimous consent, which is basically asking for negative votes first, then announcing that the motion is adopted if there are no negative votes. RONR (12th ed.) 4:58-60. Newer members or visitors may not be used to this manner of conducting business, so care should be taken to avoid the appearance of railroading or gaveling through the business. The use of voting cards may or may not expedite the business, depending upon the nature of the meeting and the business involved. There are distinct advantages to using voting cards over a voice vote: • “No” naturally sounds louder than “Aye” www.parliamentarians.org

• Not realizing the number of possible negative votes, those voting “Aye” may use a normal voice, after which those voting in the negative can simply shout louder • Those individuals with naturally lower or louder voices are unintentionally given more weight in a voice vote • The use of voting cards is, in effect, a division, so that a call for a division and repeat vote can often be avoided • When there are voters and non-voters sitting together, voting cards provide more security by having only qualified voters actually voting. Voting cards take slightly longer than a voice vote, in addition to the time consumed in issuing them to voters. If most of the business is routine, voice votes may be less timeconsuming. RONR (12th ed.) 46:16. Except for ballots, votes are not counted unless either the chair chooses to count the vote or there is an actual motion adopted to count the vote. RONR (12th ed.) 4:39. Often when there is a call for a division, an inexperienced chair may automatically proceed to count the votes. This is not necessary. The chair can “eyeball” the votes on a division, then if the vote is not conclusive the chair can repeat the division and take a count. The chair has a better view of all of the voters than would a member in the middle of the room. In order to maintain the confidence of the body, the chair should

proceed to count the vote if there is any reasonable question as to the outcome. It is not necessary to vote to destroy the ballots. RONR (12th ed.) 45:41. The ballots would normally be given to the secretary who would destroy them when the time allowed for a recount has expired. The only effect of a motion to destroy the ballots would be to preclude a motion to recount the votes before they are actually destroyed. (If a motion to destroy the ballots failed, would the secretary be required to keep them indefinitely?) If all agenda items have been disposed of, and there is no response to a call for any new business, the meeting is over and a motion to adjourn is not necessary. The chair can adjourn the meeting. RONR (12th ed.) 21:15. (As with a motion to approve the minutes, what would be done if a motion to adjourn failed but there was no further business?) While the chair can simply say, “There being no further business, this meeting is adjourned”, that is a little abrupt and may take some members by surprise. If there are closing announcements or a closing ritual, the chair can call for these as a final notice that the meeting will be ending shortly. Some business is still in order after any closing ritual (or even after a vote to adjourn) as long as the chair has not actually closed the meeting. RONR (12th ed.) 21:10. Every minute saved in a meeting can allow for more deliberation on substantive issues, or more time for socializing and refreshments. NP

John R. Berg, PRP, was president of the Washington State Association of Parliamentarians 2017-2021 and has served as parliamentarian for a number of national organizations. In 2019 he was elected to the board of directors of the South Kitsap School District in Washington State and now serves as its vice president. 16

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Test Yourself

ZIP through this Quiz! By David Mezzera, PRP

Believe it or not, Robertville is an unincorporated community in Jasper County, South Carolina, with its own ZIP Code (29922). It is named after the Robert family who initially settled in the area and was the birthplace of Henry Martyn Robert. Below is a list of town and community names in the United States with some tie to a parliamentary term (first set) or to a name associated with a parliamentary authority (second set). Well, actually, only eleven of the locations are real and one is a phony. Guess which one does not really exist. Majority Junction, Smith County, Kansas (66952) Orderville, Kane County, Utah (84758) Protem, Taney County, Missouri (65616) Proviso Township, Cook County, Illinois (60162) Table Rock, Pawnee County, Nebraska (68447) Teller, Seward Peninsula, Alaska (99778) Balch Springs, Dallas County, Texas (75180) Cushing, Payne County, Oklahoma (74023) Gerber, Tahema County, California (96035) Mason, Warren County, Ohio (45036) Seabold, Bainbridge Island, Washington (98110) Sturgis, Meade County, South Dakota (57785) Answer on page 24.

David Mezzera, PRP, is a past president of the California State Association of Parliamentarians and past District 8 Director.

www.parliamentarians.org

Test Yourself

Questions Answers The intent of this column is to provide general answers or advice (not formal, official opinions) about the questions asked. The answers are based on the most recent edition of Robert’s Rules of Order, Newly Revised, unless otherwise indicated, and do not take into account such governing authorities as statutes, bylaws, adopted special rules of order, other parliamentary authorities, or earlier editions, except as specifically mentioned. Questions should be emailed to npquestions@nap2.org. In responses to questions, the following abbreviations are used: RONR

Henry M. Robert et al., Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (12th ed. 2020)

Henry M. Robert, Parliamentary Law (1923)

Henry M. Robert, Parliamentary Practice (1921)

Q&AII

NAP Questions & Answers II (1970)

Q&AIII NAP Questions & Answers III (1997) Q&AIV NAP Questions & Answers IV (2010) AIPSC

American Institute of Parliamentarians Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (2012)

Demeter George Demeter, Demeter’s Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure (Blue Book ed. 1969) Keesey

Ray E. Keesey, Modern Parliamentary Procedure (2nd ed. 2018)

Mason

Paul Mason, Mason’s Manual of Legislative Procedure (2010 ed.)

Riddick Floyd M. Riddick & Miriam M. Butcher, Riddick’s Rules of Procedure (1985) POI

AIP Parliamentary Opinions (1982)

POII

AIP Parliamentary Opinions II (1992)

POIII

AIP Parliamentary Opinions III (2008) (electronic only)

Citations to earlier versions of Henry M. Robert’s rules of order are abbreviated as follows:

Editions 1-3, Robert’s Rules of Order

ROR

Editions 4-6, Robert’s Rules of Order Revised

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Test Yourself

Questions Answers

continued

Question 1: What is a courtesy resolution? When is one needed? How can we get suggested language for such a resolution? Answer: A courtesy resolution is a formal expression of thanks to those who made physical arrangements or who rendered service to the convention. RONR (12th ed.) 59:58. It is commonly prepared by the resolutions committee, by a special convention committee, or by appointment. A great advantage of courtesy resolutions is that those who worked for the convention are thanked before adjournment, with the minutes perpetuating this gratitude by including the resolution. One source for sample language is to consult past minutes of the organization. Minutes of NAP’s conventions also (available to the membership from the website, www.parliamentarians.org) usually contain a courtesy resolution that can be modified as desired. It is essential that preparation of a courtesy resolution be completed prior to its formal introduction. Note that the rule that the negative vote is called for is usually relaxed for motions of a complimentary or courtesy nature. RONR (12th ed.) 4:35.

Question 2: At our last convention, we were voting on a controversial bylaw amendment. After the affirmative vote was taken, a member moved to adjourn. After a second, the chair processed the motion and the body voted to adjourn. The chair then quickly announced that the assembly was adjourned. Was this correct and how could the members have best handled this motion? Answer: The motion to adjourn was not in order during the vote. The presiding officer should have informed the member that the motion to adjourn is not in order while the assembly is engaged in voting or verifying a vote, or before the result of a vote has been announced by the chair, except that, in the case of a vote taken by ballot, a motion to Adjourn is in order after the ballots have been collected by the tellers and before the result has been announced (if the assembly has already set a time for the next meeting).” RONR (12th ed.) 21:6.1. After declaring the motion to adjourn out of order, the chair should have continued, taking the negative vote and then announcing the outcome of the vote. If the chair did not handle the motion properly, a member should have immediately raised a Point of Order, to be followed by an Appeal if necessary. www.parliamentarians.org

Test Yourself

Questions Answers

continued

Question 3: We are an active parliamentary study unit. We have two issues: some members are too casual in their approach to parliamentary procedure, while others are too strict. How can we be sure standards are high but the meeting is friendly and efficient? Answer: Both approaches can drive attendees away from meetings. Units provide a valuable function for formal and observational study of parliamentary procedure. Units are required to promote the study of parliamentary procedure and the educational programs of NAP on a local level. NAP Bylaws, Art. IV, §5(c). As to the concern of sloppy practices, it may be worthwhile to spend time discussing how to teach and exhibit proper parliamentary procedure. A few helpful tips include sharing a meeting script that follows the correct order of business and uses correct language with incoming presidents, reminding attendees in a friendly manner that the unit meetings will demonstrate proper parliamentary procedure, and enlisting a respected and knowledgeable member to provide a meeting critique after business is completed. This critique can, kindly, make suggestions to the presiding officer, to those giving reports, and to the making motions. The critique should be genuinely helpful and respectful. Members may assist a lax presiding officer by tactfully urging adherence to the rules. For example, a member may make a Parliamentary Inquiry to ask if a motion can be postponed more than a quarter or a member may ask that the motion being considered be repeated. Members should develop the ability to make all appropriate motions in a respectful, calm manner. If a member disagrees with a ruling of the chair affecting any substantial question, he should not hesitate to appeal. RONR (12th ed.) 24:4. As to the concern of a pedantic or domineering approach to the rules, there are several cautionary quotations that can be cited. For one thing, “any presiding officer will do well to bear in mind that no rules can take the part of tact and common sense on the part of the chairman.” RONR (12th ed.) 47:6. A president may wish to ponder how to involve members who frequently seek to show off their knowledge. The president may ask for a citation to the rules, may ask the individual to teach a lesson on the topic, and may ask if the member is making a motion. If the member replies that he has no motion, the president will return to the business at hand.

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Test Yourself

Questions Answers

continued

Question 4: Our club elected delegates to a national convention and paid registration fees. We have learned that the delegates did not attend the business meetings or workshops. Can we mandate in the future that our delegates attend business meetings? We also were disappointed that the delegates did not vote in the manner desired by the unit—what can we do in the future regarding voting? Answer: Regardless of financial contributions to delegates as provided in the bylaws or adopted motions, delegates have an obligation to attend the convention and to be present at the business meetings, and to be prepared to provide the unit with an informational report of what transpired. RONR (12th ed.) 58:18. A wise president will remind the delegates of their obligation to provide the informational report, before departure and after their return (if necessary). Also, in the future, it is wise to summarize the duties of delegates and obtain their promise to fulfill these duties. A common practice if financial support is provided is that the delegate will provide a report and a workshop on a topic from the convention. As to mandating that unit delegates vote a specific manner, a “delegate is free to vote as he sees fit on questions at the convention, except as his constituent unit may have instructed him in regard to particular matters scheduled for consideration.” RONR (12th ed.) 58:18. Delegates are free to vote as they wish except where an instruction has been given. See RONR (12th ed.) 58:21 for further comments. A caucus may be held before or during the convention for the group to decide how they will act on a certain matter to come before the convention. RONR (12th ed.) 58:19. Questions & Answers Research Team

Ann Homer, PRP, Editor

Rachel Glanstein, PRP

Azella Collins, PRP

Timothy Wynn, PRP, Parliamentarian

www.parliamentarians.org

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Kansas State Association of Parliamentarians Resolution Honors Late Member

Marjorie Vogel, 1920-2020 Whereas, The parliamentarians of the Kansas State Association of Parliamentarians are meeting as a body in Leavenworth, Kansas, on April 10, 2021; Whereas, The parliamentarians recognize Marjorie Vogel’s service, that began when she joined KSAP in 1979; Whereas, Marjorie served as association president from 1987-1989; Whereas, Marjorie was particularly known for association work as bylaws chairman, directory chairman, and treasurer over many years, her last term as treasurer ending when she was age 99, at the close of the 2017-2019 biennium; Whereas, The parliamentarians recognize Marjorie’s service with the local Kansas units Leger and Theta of the National Association of Parliamentarians®, both of which she joined in 1979 and served in every office and most committee positions; Whereas, Marjorie was very knowledgeable about parliamentary procedure and shared this knowledge with many others, and always, always, did her homework; Whereas, Wit, genuine zeal for learning, and snappy professional attire were hallmarks; Whereas, Marjorie celebrated her 100th birthday on September 8, 2020, and died October 20, 2020; and Whereas, We, the members and provisionals of KSAP, will miss our fellow parliamentarian, friend, and colleague; now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the Kansas State Association of Parliamentarians, hereby officially honors and memorializes Marjorie Vogel; and Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be sent to each of Marjorie Vogel’s children, to the Marysville Advocate newspaper, and to the National Association of Parliamentarians®. 22

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

NAP Connections

Parliamentary Law Club of Richmond, Virginia

Celebrates Seventy Years of Leadership Margie R. Booker, PRP and Gladys W. Jordan

Parliamentary Law Club (PLC) celebrates seventy years of distinguished leadership. From 1951, the Club’s chartering date, to the present, exemplary competent leadership has been the primary stimulus. Past Club presidents have promoted interest in recruiting members, modeling proper parliamentary procedure, developing club projects, learning, teaching, practicing parliamentary procedure and encouraging NAP membership. Notably among the forty-five PLC presidents is Colonel M. Stanley Ryan, PRP, founder of two NAP units, and author of the widely acclaimed Parliamentary Procedure Essential Principles. Janet Jones Ballard PLC’s president from 1980-1981 became president of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated®, and propelled its thrust into the international arena with her program theme: “Service with A Global Perspective.” During the tenure of President Peggie L. Atkins, RP our NAP membership increased by six in one year. Former presidents Theo S. Jones, Gladys W. Jordan, Nancy J. Parker and Robert L. Pettis, Sr. have worked diligently to enhance the skills of officers in other organizations. Jones has worked tirelessly with the educational office professionals in many positions on all levels. Lastly, she served as national president of the Association of Retired Educational Office Professionals. Nancy J. Parker and Gladys W. Jordan were strong advocates of small group study of parliamentary procedure. Interest in youth led them to conduct workshops on parliamentary procedure for debutantes of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, Upsilon Omega Chapter. Robert L. Pettis, Sr. our immediate past president was instrumental in strengthening the practice of parliamentary procedure in the ecclesiastical community and guiding us through virtual meetings. www.parliamentarians.org

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Recently, former PLC President Margie R. Booker, PRP has served as president of Virginia State Association of Parliamentarians. She and Cynthia R. Mayo. Ph.D., PRP have served as coordinators for two NAP Leadership conferences, facilitated NAP workshops and published articles in the National Parliamentarian. President Margie R. Booker was instrumental in securing grants to enhance the club’s outreach projects. She became president of the Virginia Alpha Unit of Parliamentarians in April 2021. PLC is making a great impact in the Richmond community. Currently, PLC has thirty-five members including twenty-three NAP members, of which two are PRPs. PLC is looking forward to another exciting year with Valarie A. Jones, Esq., PRP at its helm. Margie R. Booker has been a member of NAP since August 2011 and became PRP in 2016. She served as president of Parliamentary Law Club 2015-2017 and president of Virginia State Association of Parliamentarians 2017-2019. She is currently president of the Virginia Alpha Unit of Registered Parliamentarians 2021-2023.

Gladys W. Jordan became a member of NAP in 2011. She is a past president of PLC and has served in several other positions in PLC as well as Virginia State Association of Parliamentarians.

Test Yourself

Answer Key Zip through this Quiz! from page 17

Although Smith County does exist in Northern Kansas [and the town of Lebanon in that county is considered the geographic center and junction of the contiguous forty-eight states], no such city as Majority Junction exists. All of the others are real locations in the U.S. As for the three key members of our authorship team, Balch Springs really exists in Texas [and there is a Burke, Virginia, not far from Washington, D.C.]. Seabold is a community that is on Bainbridge Island, Washington. And Gerber, in Northern California, has a whopping population of about 1,000!

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

NAP Connections

National Association of Parliamentarians

2019-2021 History The National Association of Parliamentarians (NAP) began the new biennium with the vision statement, “To provide parliamentary leadership to the world,” and the mission statement, “NAP is dedicated to educating leaders throughout the world in effective meeting management through the use of parliamentary procedure.” NAP Board of Directors The following officers were elected for the 2019-2021 NAP biennium: president: Darlene Allen, PRP; vice-president: Wanda Sims, PRP; secretary: Kevin Connelly, PRP; treasurer: Carrie Dickson, PRP; and directors-at-large: Joyce BrownWatkins, PRP; Adam Hathaway, PRP; and Carl Nohr, PRP. The following district directors were elected to serve as the district representatives on the Board of Directors: Robert Schuck, RP, District 4; and Larry Martin, PRP, District 5.

Thomas “Burke” Balch, PRP Greg Goodwiller, PRP James Stewart, PRP Existing members of the commission were Frances Jackson, PRP (term expiring 2021), Rosalie Stroman, PRP (term expiring 2021) and Gail Knapp, PRP (term expiring 2021). Greg Goodwiller resigned and the position was eventually filled by the NAP Board of Directors with Susan Eads Role, PRP. Gail Knapp resigned and the position was eventually filled by the NAP Board of Directors with Jeanette Williams, PRP.

Incoming President Remarks: Incoming President Darlene Allen, PRP, addressed the members and discussed her goals for the next biennium. President Allen chose for her theme: NAP—The Keepers of the Democratic Process.

Advisors and Consultants The following individuals were appointed by President Allen: Parliamentarian: Timothy Wynn Legal Liaison: Melanye Johnson

Commission on Credentialing The following members were elected to terms on the Commission on Credentialing:

Election of Professional Standards Committee Members Weldon Merritt, PRP, existing member of the Professional Standards Committee, was elected as chairman www.parliamentarians.org

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of the committee by the Board of Directors. Denise Irminger, PRP, was the other existing member. Tannis Nelson, PRP and Jason Morgan, PRP, were elected by the Board of Directors to full terms. NAP Board Committee Appointments The following board committees were appointed: Budget & Finance: Carrie Dickson (chairman), Wanda Sims. Minutes Approval: Larry Martin (chairman), Joyce Brown-Watkins, Adam Hathaway. Personnel: Wanda Sims (chairman), Adam Hathaway, Margaret-Ann Howie. Policies and Procedures: Kevin Connelly (chairman), Wanda Sims, Carl Nohr. Pricing: Joyce Brown Watkins (chairman) Carrie Dickson, Carl Nohr. Standing Committee Appointments The following Standing Committees were appointed: Bylaws: chairman Steven Britton, Steven Cook, Lorraine Talbot, Atul Kapur, Dacia Robertson, Robin Walthour Communication Committee: chairman Edythe Challenger, C.J. Cavin, Debra Henry, Adam Hathaway (board liaison), Stanley Graiewski, Wanda Nelson, Dave Whitaker Educational Resources Committee (ERC): chairman Ruth Ryan, Lorenzo Cuesta, Gretchen Denton, Joyce BrownWatkins (board liaison), 26

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Dennis Clark, Mary Loose DeViney, Christina Emmert, Ryan Foor (resource), Bridget Green, Wanda Nelson, Lynda Schram Membership Extension and Retention Committee (MERC) – (elected by each district): District One: Robert Robinson, District Two: Cynthia Mayo, District Three: Carol Davis, District Four: Robert Schuck, District Five: Larry Martin, District Six: Valoree Althoff, District Seven: Yvette Kessee, District Eight: Michael Peck Townhall Subcommittee of MERC: Kathleen Daniel and Webinar and Meeting Support members MERC Leadership Connection Subcommittee: Deborah Underwood (newsletter editor), Maria Trujillo (newsletter assistant editor), Sandra Hyatt, Karen Watson, Tanya Johnson, Vivian Vincent Membership & Registration Examiners Committee (MREC): chairman Jessica Christopher, Patricia Cauley, Linda Smallwood, Betty Bell, Kathy Boyer, Mary Alice Oldfield, Steven Walls, Cindy Hinckley, Ramona Jeffries, Doris Williams MREC Test Questions Subcommittee: Joy Freeland MREC Remote Examination Monitoring Subcommittee: chairman Larry Martin, Maurice Henderson, Kathy Boyer, Latisha Corey, Abby Lee Hood, Kelley Jones, Linda Smallwood, Steven Walls Independent Learning Subcommittee (of MREC) –

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University of Wisconsin: Nilda Rivera, Dennis Conway International Services Committee: chairman Lori Lukinuk, Don Freese, Daniel Ross, Frances Rizo, William Puette Professional Development Committee (PDC): chairman Mona Calhoun, Ann Rempel, Bridget Green, Sandra Cook, Carol Austin, Larry Martin (board liaison), Lenora Brance PDC Content Subcommittee: Mona Calhoun, Dennis Clark, Emma Faulk, Linda Juteau, Sandy Olson Youth Committee: Chairman Robert Schuck, Theljewa Garrett, Kevin Connelly (board liaison) Special Committees and Other Appointments The following special committees and positions were appointed: 2021 Biennial Convention: assistant to the convention coordinator Gloria Cofer, assistant to the convention coordinator Jacquelyn Anthony, assistant workshop coordinator Leonora Branca Note: In the previous biennium, Corliss Baker was appointed as 2021 Convention Coordinator and Carol Davis as 2021 Convention Assistant Coordinator 2020-2021 Leadership Conference: coordinator Deborah Underwood, assistant coordinator Freddie Colston 2020 NAP Training Conference 2020 Ad Committee: chairman Cindy Hinckley

2022 NAP Training Conference: coordinator Tan Johnson, assistant coordinator Barbara Posler Special Committee to Resolve Appeals Regarding Credentialing: chairman Michael Wagner-Diggs, Michael Swift, Dennis Clark Special Committee – Organizational Effectiveness (OEC): chairman Donald Garrett, Tanya Johnson, Bennyfer Bridgewater Details Subcommittee of OEC: David Perez Hurley, Esther Heller, Suzanne Walker Special Committee – Strategic Partnerships: chairman Susan Eads Role, Carl Nohr (board liaison), Pamela Meyercord, Barbara Miller, Abby Lee Hood Special Committee – Style, Editing, and Proofreading (SEP): chairman Lynna Gene Cook, Florence Adibu, Diane Blount Special Committee – Event Photographers: chairman Bob Williams, Jeanette Williams Special Committee – Development: Martha Beard, Crystal Lander, Gina Scott (consultant) Special Committee – Waterfront Historic Area League (WHALE): Carl Nohr, Evan Lemoine, Wanda Sims Special Committee – Legal Resources: chairman Melanye Johnson, Mark Moriarty, Kendra Riley, Jacqueline Roundtree, Vivian Walton-Smalls, Susan Eads Role (consultant)

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Special Committee – New Registered Parliamentarian Process Member Preparation: Gail Knapp, Mary Remson, Dave Mezzera, Steve Glanstein Special Assistants to the President: Tamara Harris, Dave Whitaker, Joyce Henderson National Parliamentarian® (NP): editor TennieBee Hall, assistant editor Betty Tunstall NP Review Committee: chairman Dana Dickson, Ronald Dupart, Ferial Bishop Parliamentary Research Committee: editor Alison Wallis, assistant editor Ann Homer, consultant Rachel Glanstein, parliamentarian Tim Wynn Webinar and Meeting Support: chairman Tamara Harris, Lori Lukinuk, Paul McClintock, Jeffrey Weston (consultant), Robert Schuck (board liaison), Henry Lawton, Aaron Taggert, Dave Whitaker, Nicole van Woudenberg University of Wisconsin – Parliamentary Procedure Course: Kay Crews Further Appointments and Resignations There were the following resignations during the 2019-2021 biennium: Ann Rempel from the Professional Development Committee; Barbara Miller, Susan Eads Role, and Abby Lee Hood from the Strategic Partnerships Special Committee; Robert Schuck, Roland Williams, and Ryen Glynn from the Youth Committee; Robin Walthour and Sharon Kelly-Person from the Bylaws Committee; Tamara Harris 28

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

(as chairman) and Lori Lukinuk from the Webinar and Meeting Support Committee; Jessica Christopher (as chairman) from the Membership and Registered Examiners Committee; Lori Lukinuk (as chairman) from the International Services Committee; and Lynda Schram from the Education Resources Committee. There were the following rescissions of appointment during the 2019-2021 biennium: Dacia Robertson and Lorraine Talbot from the Bylaws Committee; Karen Watson and Sandra Hyatt from the MERC Leadership Connection Subcommittee; and Aaron Taggart from the Webinar and Meeting Support Committee. There were additional appointments during the 2019-2021 biennium: Kelley Jones to the Professional Development Committee; Lorenzo Cuesta and Patricia Koch to the Professional Development Committee Content Subcommittee; Latisha Corey (as chairman) and Rachel Miller-Bleich to the Strategic Partnerships Committee; Theljewa Garrett (as chairman) Kianna Bolante, Sabine Eustache, Ryen Glynn, Dave White, George Anthony Pratt, Jennifer Okolo, Arya Shah, Jean Lin, Kinjal Chaudhari, and Madina Ashurova to the Youth Committee; Traci Marquis to the Style, Editing, and Proofreading Committee; Adam Hathaway (as chairman) to the Communications Committee; Gretchen Denton and Sharon-Kelly Person to the Bylaws Committee; Carla Patrick, Leah Nolan

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(as chairman), Crystal Rock, Tanya Blackshear, Shawn Paine, Isatu Kanu-James, and Tracey Simons to the Webinar and Meeting Support Committee; Larry Martin (as chairman, then board liaison), Patricia Cauley (as chairman), and Cindy Hinckley to the Membership and Registered Examiners Committee; Carl Nohr (as chairman) to the International Services Committee; Crystal Thomas to the Organizational Effectiveness Committee; Marilyn Newman to the Educational Resources Committee; and Traci Marquis to the Legal Resources Committee. NAP Headquarter Staff: Throughout the biennium, the full-time staff consisted of Cyndy Launchbaugh, Executive Director, Sheryl DeShon, administrative coordinator, Susan Bradley, fulfillment and administrative assistant, and Alexandra Blair (membership, marketing, and communications). In addition, Cindy Petrie has been a contracted employee, serving as the accounting and finance assistant. NAP Events 2020 Leadership Conference: The leadership conference was held virtually, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, on August 25, 2020, prior to the 2020 NAP Training Conference. Deborah Underwood served as the conference coordinator and Freddie Colston as the assistant conference coordinator. 2020 NAP Training Conference (NAPTC): The NAPTC was held virtually, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, from August 26-

August 28, 2020. Lucy Anderson was the training conference coordinator and Sheryl Wombley was the training conference assistant coordinator. David Whitaker was the workshop coordinator and Linda Baer was the assistant workshop coordinator. The conference was successful both financially and educationally, with 854 people registered for it. This was in comparison to 257 registered for the 2018 NAPTC and 250 registered for the 2016 NAPTC. Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised 12th Edition Released: On August 28, 2020, at the 2020 Virtual NAP Training Conference, Martyn Robert Redgrave, president of the Robert’s Rules Association (RRA), officially retired the 11th edition of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised and released the new Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR) 12th edition, as well as the corresponding 3rd edition of Robert’s Rules of Order In Brief. Annual NAP Membership Meeting: The NAP annual membership meeting was held on August 27, 2020, in conjunction with the 2020 NAP Training Conference. The president and treasurer gave their annual reports. NAP Virtual Birthday Party: “Club 1930,” the 91st anniversary party, was held virtually on June 23, 2021. NAP members joined in activities and games based on the history of NAP. 2021 Leadership Conference: The leadership conference was www.parliamentarians.org

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held virtually, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, on August 27-August 28,2021, prior to the 43rd Biennial Convention. Deborah Underwood served as the conference coordinator and Freddie Colston as the assistant conference coordinator. There were 164 members registered for the conference. Committee Achievements Bylaws Committee: In preparation for the 2021 convention, the committee reviewed and processed twelve proposed amendments and conforming amendments to be presented for consideration at the 2021 convention. Communications Committee: The Communications Committee distributed webinars, meetings, and other activities on Facebook and email; distributed President Allen’s Parliamentary Law Month Proclamation and Henry M. Robert III’s memorial on Facebook and email; and created an online fillable form, requested a communication committee liaison to assist in the coordination of communication and marketing initiatives for NAP. Educational Resources Committee: The Educational Resources Committee, with the financial assistance of the National Association of Parliamentarians Educational Foundation, updated most of the educational resources to the 12th edition of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised. National Parliamentarian (NP): Eight issues of the NP were published during the time frame 30

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

of September 2019-August 2021, with each edition reviewed by the NP Review Committee. New Registered Parliamentarian Process Member Preparation Committee: The New Registered Parliamentarian Process Member Preparation Committee was established with the following members: Gail Knapp, Mary Remson, Dave Mezzera, Steve Glanstein. The committee presented webinars starting on June 23, 2021, focusing on preparing NAP members for the new RP credentialing process. International Service Committee (ISC): The ISC completed the first set of web pages on the NAP website to be used to consolidate materials and links to information of interest to international members. The website is up and running, and membership training videos have been updated to RONR (12th edition) and are linked on the website. Membership Extension and Retention Committee (MERC): The MERC edited and updated the existing District Directors Manual. It designated members to serve on the Leadership Connection Newsletter Committee. The committee headed up the association and unit educational awards program for the 2021 NAP convention. It continued to provide guidance and support to associations and units regarding virtual meetings, and welcomed new NAP members on a monthly basis.

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Membership and Registered Parliamentarians Examiners Committee (MREC): The MREC graded membership and Registered Parliamentarian exams, sent notifications to applicants as to their scores, researched for any questions that may be in error on exams and study guides, and proposed amendments to the NAPOPP regarding virtual monitoring of exams. Organizational Effectiveness Committee (OEC): The OEC worked throughout the biennium to support NAP in transitioning its meetings from the in-person to virtual formats. The Committee submitted a proposal, later adopted by the NAP Board of Directors to conduct the SoGo Survey, an economic survey of NAP members to better understand the United States market for parliamentary services and related non-parliamentary services, in compliance with pertinent Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice guidelines. Policies and Procedures Committee: The Policies and Procedures Committee submitted several amendment proposals for the NAP Operational Policies and Procedures (NAPOPP) manual. Among those adopted by the Board of Directors are the following: • Extended the time period for retaking the whole RP exam from six months to nine months. • Clarified that only members with NAP or AIP credentials

shall be listed in NAP publications. • Updated language by renaming the Ethics Committee as the Professional Standards Committee, to be consistent with how it is now listed in the NAP bylaws. • Set the time period that a complaint may be submitted to the Professional Standards Committee at no more than 120 days of the alleged violation. • Clarified requirements for monitoring the Registered Parliamentarian exams. • Clarified that amendments to the NAPOPP may only be submitted to the Policies and Procedures Committee by NAP board members or national committees. • Set requirements and procedures for virtual monitoring of exams. • Updated policy on the PRP referral system. Pricing Committee: The Pricing Committee reviewed webinar pricing, approved pricing for inventory requests, approved pricing for the various formats of the 12th edition of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR), reviewed and accepted recommendations from the Educational Resource Committee to make products available to Chinese members, and translated products being downloaded (pdf files) at no cost for international supplies. Professional Development Committee (PDC): The PDC reviewed and revised all modules for the Professional www.parliamentarians.org

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Qualifying Course (PQC) and the Professional Renewal Course (PRC); hosted PQCs and PRCs in person, and via online modules; hosted a Train the Trainer Session; created new materials for all modules to align to 12th edition of RONR. Waterfront Historic Area League (WHALE) Committee: The WHALE Committee investigated the possibility of NAP members donating to the Waterfront Historic Area League, which in turn was committed to restoring the First Baptist Church in New Bedford, Massachusetts, considered the birthplace of Robert’s Rules of Order. On November 22, 2020, the NAP Board of Directors adopted the following motion: Resolved, that the National Association of Parliamentarians recognize the birthplace of Robert’s Rules of Order, which is the First Baptist Church in New Bedford, Massachusetts, by inviting donations to support the restoration of the building by the Waterfront Historic Restoration League, and the creation of a Robert’s Exhibit therein. NAP members were able to donate in support of this restoration through a link on the NAP website. Youth Committee: The Youth Committee works with the following associations aligned with the NAP Career and Technical Youth Organization Partners: Business Professionals of America (BPA), Future Business Leaders of America/Phi Beta 32

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Lambda (FBLA/PBL), Family, Career and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA), Future Health Professionals (HOSA), and SkillsUSA. An area dedicated to youth groups and student members was added to the homepage on NAP’s website. The committee presented a workshop at the 2020 NAP Training Conference entitled “All that and a Bag of Chips.” Substantive Actions by the NAP Board of Directors 1. Approved the 2020 NAP operating budget. 2. Approved the 2020 NAP Training Conference registration fee. 3. Approved the 2021 NAP operating budget. 4. Approved the 2021 NAP Convention budget, registration fee, and schedule. 5. Contracted Tallen Technology to produce the 2021 Virtual NAP Biennial Convention. 6. Approved the 2021 Leadership Conference registration fee. 7. Approved the Headquarters Building Renovation Fund of $25,000, the Technology Fund of $30,00, and the Educational Development Fund of $30,000. 8. Amended the NAPOPP Manual several times to expand the process for remote exam monitoring. 9. Approved the use of an automated professional proctoring program for students taking the parliamentary procedure course through the University of Wisconsin Extended Learning Program.

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10. Suspended the Conference Site Rotation Schedule and approved San Antonio, Texas as the location of the 2024 NAP Training Conference. 11. Amended the NAPOPP Manual to clarify the procedure for listing of Professional Registered Parliamentarian in the Virtual Referral Directory (VRD). 12. Authorized the Executive Director to purchase the Member Suite Association Management System. 13. Amended the NAPOPP Manual section on the Professional Standards Committee, adopted the revision of Rules for Processing Complaints of Professional Responsibility Violations, and adopted the Rules for Processing of Member Discipline Complaints. 14. Authorized a $6,000 expenditure for the SoGo economic survey of NAP members. 15. Re-assigned associations and territories to other districts. Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania were re-assigned to District Two and Kentucky and Scandinavia to District Four. 16. Approved a donation of $5000 to include donations received, to the Waterfront Historic Area Restoration League, to recognize the birthplace of Robert’s Rules. Other Items of Note NAP Operational Policies and Procedures Manual (NAPOPP): The NAPOPP was amended several times, with the last time being on May 11, 2021, and each updated

edition was posted on the NAP website. Financial Audit Conducted: A complete audit of NAP financial records was conducted by an outside auditing company. Financial Growth of NAP: As of November 30, 2019, NAP’s account value was $633,251.75. As of July 31, 2021 it had increased to $1,180,918.05. New Association Management System Incorporated: The NAP headquarters staff started the implementation of the new Association Management System, which went live on December 1, 2020. New Website Portal created and utilized: The new portal on the NAP website went live on March 19, 2021. Retirement of Legacy RP Examination: On August 18, 2021, the NAP Commission on Credentialing announced that as of December 31, 2021, the legacy Registered Parliamentarian® (RP®) examination will be retired, and beginning on January 1, 2022, the new RP credentialing system will be used by all new RP candidates. Town Hall Meetings: Town Hall Meetings/Webinars were conducted on the fifth Tuesdays of the months throughout the biennium. Dissolutions: The following units were dissolved during this biennium: San Diego Unit, Golden Gavel Unit, Colorado www.parliamentarians.org

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Professional Parliamentarian Research Unit, and Montgomery County, Maryland, Parliamentary Unit. The respective charters were revoked by the NAP Board of Directors. NAP Membership: The total NAP membership over the two-year period of July 1, 2019 to July 1, 2021, increased from 3,541 to 4,641. The total number of Registered Parliamentarians increased from 254 to 461 over that same period. At the leadership conference on August 27, 2021, Executive Director Cyndy Launchbaugh announced that the total NAP membership had increased to 5,066. 2021 43rd NAP Biennial Convention: The 43rd NAP Biennial Convention was held virtually September 8-10, 2021. Corliss Baker, RP, served as the convention coordinator and Carol Johnson Davis, PRP, served as the assistant convention coordinator. Henry Lawton, PRP, was the workshop coordinator and Leonora Branca, PRP, was the assistant workshop coordinator. A total of 659 delegates attended the convention, which featured dynamic educational workshops, a Past Presidents Luncheon, and an Awards Luncheon conducted by the Membership Extension and Retention Committee. NAP business was addressed, including proposed amendments to the NAP bylaws and the election of the 2021-2023 Board of Directors and

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

members to the Commission on Credentialing. Welcome to the NAP Convention: President Darlene T. Allen, PRP, called the convention to order and introduced guests and dignitaries. Bylaws Amendments: The delegates amended the NAP bylaws, processing fifteen bylaws proposals (thirteen with advanced notice and two with notice given at the convention.) Elections: NAP Board of Directors, 2021-2023: The following officers were elected for the 2021-2023 biennium: president: Wanda Sims, PRP; vice-president: Alison Wallis, PRP; secretary: Mona Calhoun, PRP; treasurer: Henry Lawton, PRP; and directors-at-large Mary Grant, PRP; Adam Hathaway, PRP; and Carl Nohr, PRP. The following district directors were elected to serve as the district director representatives on the Board of Directors: Lucy Anderson, PRP and Deborah Underwood, PRP. Commission on Credentialing: The following members were elected to terms on the Commission on Credentialing: Four Year Terms: Jeanette Williams, PRP Frances Jackson, PRP Darlene Allen, PRP Two Year Term: Susan Eads Role, PRP Installation: On Saturday, September 11, 2021, Ann Rempel installed the members of the 2021-2023 Board of Directors.

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NEW REGISTERED PARLIAMENTARIANS* NP congratulates the following individuals on becoming Registered Parliamentarians: Sobande Afolabi (NJ)

Myra Celestin (IL)

Lawrence Johnson (DE)

Bevely Roberts (MI)

Crystal Akens (EL)

Marcia Chandler (GA)

Kevin Jones (NY)

Brianna Robinson (NY)

Geoff Alan (VA)

Arlinda Clark (MD)

Kevin Judd (DC)

Jade Smith (FL)

Ali Ali (Middle East)

Cassandra Cooks (EL)

Patrice King (CA)

Maya Smith (TX)

Yvonne Anthony (TX)

Heather Diehl (TX)

Victor Kyler (DE)

Margaret Smith Perkins (DC)

Omar Atiq (AR)

Muhammad Elkayal (NJ)

Michael Leak (PA)

Jahshae Stewart (NJ)

Salaine Atkins-Little (NJ)

Gretchen Garceau-Kragh (TX)

Flint Lewis (VA)

Tahir Thomas Kinsey (EL)

Patricia Lewis (EL)

Michelle Thompson (NY)

Valerie Martin (GA)

Trina Turner (DE)

Gina Merritt-Epps (NJ)

Karla Twyman (DE)

Jason Mitchell (PA)

Chantelle Walker (NY)

Eula Moore (GA)

Angela Ward (GA)

Michael Morgan (DE)

Iola Williams (DE)

Dennis Harrell (TX)

Natalie Ojunga-Andrew (NEAP)

Theresa Wilson Coney (NEAP)

Robin Burgess (NY)

Shirley Ison-Newsome (TX)

Ellie Orbison (WI)

Shronda Wise-Schimpf (EL)

Carlene Burke (NY)

Edward Jackson (NJ)

Jo Celeste Pettway (AL)

Eula Woodberry (TX)

Vashti Burke (NY)

Kristel Johnson (NY)

Howard Redmond (TX)

Deborah Wright (DE)

Eva Bekes (OH)

Carlene Garner (WA)

Sherita Belle (DE) Stephanie Bell-Knight (DE)

Elizabeth Gill (NY) Carole Gilmore (NY)

Cathy Blakeney (GA)

Shane Gilmore (NY)

Anna Brown (NC)

Yvette Gray (MD)

Marlena Brown (NJ) Charlane Brown-Wyands (NY)

Charmaine L. Green (PA)

NEW Professional REGISTERED PARLIAMENTARIANS* NP congratulates the following individuals for attaining the status of Professional Registered Parliamentarians: Byron Baxter (OH)

Dorothy Gordon (OH)

Lavon Moore (SC)

Clyde Waggoner (Costa Rica)

Lillie Jones Fontenot (EL)

William Lavezzi (OH)

Beatrice Squire (VA)

Charlotte Walker (SC)

Silent Gavels* NP commemorates members who have passed from our midst; may they rest in peace: Debra Henry (VA)

Ruth Mulholland (FL)

Jesse Statham (NE)

Ralph McMullen (NV)

Gloria Redmond (VA)

Patricia Sutton (NM)

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 www.parliamentarians.org

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New Members* NP welcomes the following individuals as new members: Jocelyn Abdul-Rasheed (EL)

Samantha Barnes (NC)

Sandra Breece (AZ)

Lawrence Camp (EL)

Sonda Abernathy (GA)

April Bauknight (NJ)

Shortel Brent (TX)

James Campbell (CA)

Theresa Adelman-Mullally (IL)

Karen Baumgartner Lucas (CA)

Jamye Bridges-Pass (NC)

Marva Campbell-Pruitt (IL)

Godfred Ahuma (TX)

Keisha Beasley (TX)

Veronica Bridgewaters (IL)

Adrienne Carter (AL)

Amy Akanni (TX)

Kimberly Beck (MO)

Gloria Broaddus (MI)

Gazelia Carter (NC)

Carole Albright (NC)

David Beckworth (TX)

John Brolley (OH)

Ruby Carter (TX)

Michael Alexander (TX)

Deidre Bembry (GA)

Judy Brooks (IL)

Ruth Carter (CA)

Shanta Alexander (TX)

Sharonda Benson (MD)

Albert Brown (FL)

Denise Casey (SC)

Shirley Alford (NC)

Kara Beverly (MD)

Carolyn Brown (TX)

Michelle Chapple (OK)

Joyce Alfred (NC)

Yvette Blackburn (ON)

Clara Brown (LA)

Shonette Charles (NC)

Pauline Allen (TX)

Amanda Blake (NJ)

Julia Brown (NM)

Yolanda Cheatham (GA)

Joyce Allen-Taylor (PA)

Katinia Blake Davis (SC)

Kristin Brown (MD)

Angela Childs-Kindred (NC)

Corliss Alston (MD)

Glenda Blakemore (IL)

Lakesha Brown (IN)

Carrie Clark (MI)

Beverly Anderson (MI)

DeAngelo Blanchard (NY)

Stephanie Brown (TX)

Erica Clark (LA)

Capril Anderson (EL)

Shawn Blanton (FL)

Cherylayne Brown Walker (PA)

LaToya Clark (TX)

Maxanne Anderson (Bermuda)

Anissa Bledsoe (NC)

Tonya Brown-Fletcher (VA)

Elizabeth Clark-Donald (NEAP)

Keisha Boggan (MD)

Rhonda Anderson Marks (PA)

Vickie Brown-Gurley (WI)

Amber Clarke (IN)

Toria Boldware (MI)

Joy Browning (NC)

Deneen Clarke (NC)

Devona Bonner (TX)

Kimberly Brownlow (TN)

Noleena Booker (NC)

Tiffany Clemmons (IL)

Janis Brown-Thompson (KY)

Lordia Bossman (NY)

Sharon Clermont (TX)

Yolanda Bostick (SC)

Regina Brown-Thompson (NC)

Camille Coke (FL)

Delicia Arriola McKinney (TX)

Veronica Boston (VA)

Janis Bryant (MD)

Tonia Bottoms (NY)

Kelvin Bryant (GA)

Ashley Artis (NC)

Francene Botts (KY)

Mone’ Bryant (TX)

Amy Coleman-Perryman (GA)

Bonnie Atwater (FL)

Renee Bourgeois (LA)

Vivian Bryant Hall (VA)

Janice Collins (KY)

Theresa Augustin (TX)

Valerie Bourgeois (LA)

Kesha Burch (IL)

Marci Collins (LA)

Mary Avalos (CA)

Micaela Bowers (LA)

Joseph Gabriel Burke (WA)

Olivia Colvin (NC)

Stephanie Ayers-Millsap (AL)

Carol Boyd (CA)

Linda Burkley (TX)

Jacquelyn Comeaux (SC)

Shirlyn Baker (NC)

Cheryl Boykins (TN)

Liza Burton (GA)

Krashania Commings (IL)

Karen Baker Sonier (TX)

Coretta Bozeman (MO)

Tijuwana Burton (IL)

Weldina Conde (MD)

Gennia Baldwin (AL)

Lakisha Bradley Bowie (LA)

Margaret Bush (MS)

Andre Conelly (NC)

Neshanta Banks (EL)

Andrew Branch (NY)

Madelyn Butler (TX)

Bonita Cooper (FL)

LaToya Banks-Colvin (GA)

Bettina Branch (FL)

Rhodesia Butler (FL)

Trivel Cooper McKire (FL)

Tiffanie Barner-Davis (GA)

Nancy Brandon (NY)

Lisa Cagnolatti (AZ)

Joanne Barnes (IN)

LaKesha Brantley (NJ)

Antoinette Caldwell (IN)

Hazel Coppedge Edwards (VA)

Kenyatta Barnes (LA)

Katrina Brave (NY)

Lynette Cameron (EL)

Timisha Corpening (NC)

Cynthia Armster (IL) Tonya Arnold (NC) Tanja Arrington-Mayfield (VA)

Vanessa Cole (PA) Janet Coleman (TX)

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 36

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

NAP Connections

New Members*

continued

Destiny Crawford (NC)

Louise Dunn (TX)

Lynette Frieson Lacy (GA)

Gina Hale (TX)

Lynetta Crawford (KY)

Alenda Durr (IL)

LaVerne Gaither (MD)

Annette Hall (GA)

Tamiko Crayton (IN)

Sharon Dykes (MN)

Delita Galanos (MD)

Afrah Hamin (FL)

Chelsea Crittle (MS)

Denise Eady (GA)

Constance Galloway (VA)

Beverly Crosby (FL)

Tonya Early (NC)

Kaitlin Garcia (OK)

Carmen Hampton Julious (SC)

Paul Crowley (FL)

Dionne Edwards (AL)

Gayle Gardner (CO)

Cheryl Croxton (PA)

Jamiah Edwards (CA)

LaShaundra Gardner (NC)

Vikki Curry (AL)

Raynettia Egland (KY)

Charnette Garner (IN)

Gerard Dabney (VA)

Jennifer Ekblad (CA)

Yolanda Gary-Fisher (TX)

Kristina Damon (CA)

Deanna Eley (NC)

Natalie Gates (CO)

Rebecca Daniel Dugger (GA)

Muhammad Elkayal (NJ)

Kira Gatewood (AZ)

Kimberly Daniels (LA)

Yoseph Elkayal (NJ)

Lisa George (FL)

Lorita Daniels (VA)

Gretchel Ellerbee (NC)

Trina Gibson (IN)

Keren Darden (NC)

Linda Elliott (WA)

Dorothy Gilcrest Smith (AR)

Althea Davis (NC)

Barbara Elliott Kirkland (SC)

Alisha Giles (TX)

Charlisa Davis (NC)

Karla Ellis (FL)

Sherae Gillespie (GA)

Edythe Davis (IL)

Mekelle Epperson (TX)

Alfred Glass (NJ)

Kiahna Davis (IN)

Renee Escoffery-Torres (VA)

Faira Glenn (MI)

Willie Davis (GA)

Clark Etzel (MS)

Kimberly Glenn (FL)

Juanita Dawson (CA)

Geraldine Eure (NJ)

Laila Glover (DE)

Eula Dean (EL)

Norma Evans (NJ)

Troy Glover (OH)

Gloria DeBlanc (TX)

Veronica Fahm (TX)

Karen Gooden (MD)

Mary Dedeaux-Swinton (MN)

Rosalyn Fairley (GA)

John Goolsby (KY)

Vera Farquharson (NY)

Felicia Goss (MD)

Linda DeHart (NY)

Debra Farrow (NY)

Wendee Grady (Kansas)

Jamison Delaine (DE)

Tracy Graham (NY)

Elreta Dickinson (IL)

Gwendolyn FelderDarensburg (LA)

Vincent Graham (FL)

Kathryn Diehm (NEAP)

Adrienne Ferguson (MD)

Tiffany Hemmings-Prather (SC)

Alexandra Grant (FL)

Tangula Diggs (NC)

Georgina Fiorentino (NC)

Cheryl Henderson (TX)

Tamika Graves Hunter (NC)

Emilygail Dill (DE)

Aja Fitz-Ritson (LA)

Tijeerah Henderson (DC)

Stacia Gray (IN)

Shunda Dixon (TX)

Pia Foard (SC)

Valerie Henderson (NJ)

Bonita Green Gambrell (TX)

Shanea Foster (NJ)

Deirdre Hendrix (NC)

Yoshi Donato (NJ)

Shonda Foster (VA)

Adrienne Hersey (NC)

Mary Donnelly-Allegretta (NY)

Tondaleya Green Jackson (SC)

Femtinma Foster Smith (NE)

Sharon Gresham (AL)

Diane Doolittle (MN)

Tamia Fowlkes (WI)

Stephen Gressett (FL)

Gitel Hesselberg (Middle East)

Lois Douglass-Alston (NC)

Tiffany Fox (NC)

Demetria Grissett (NC)

Stella Hickman (IL)

Stephanie Dowell (GA)

Tramesha Fox (TX)

Linda Groomes (AZ)

Sherian Doyle (TX)

Amie Francis (TX)

Anthony Grubb (FL)

Carolyn Hickman-Williams (SC)

Philip Du (PA)

Donna Frazier (TX)

LaTonya Gunter (IL)

Cornelia Hicks (TX)

Hope Hampton-Crawford (CA) LaToya Hankins (NC) Monica Hanson (TX) Aleta Harper (NC) Sandra Harper (NC) Regina Harrell (NC) Jennifer Harris (MN) Sherelene Harris (IL) Ja’Vania Harrison (NJ) Monique Harrison (WA) Harry Hart (NJ) Sonya Harward (KY) Frances Harwell (NJ) Diana Haskell (OH) Rochelle Hawkins (IN) Sharon Hawthorne (SC) Jennifer Hayes (MD) Kassandra Hayes (IL) Tonia Hayes (NC) Kevin Haynes (NJ)

Rochelle Heslip (TX)

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 www.parliamentarians.org

NAP Connections

New Members*

continued

Christina Hill (IL)

Carolyn James Weeks (PA) Sharon January (GA)

Joan Patricia Knight-Mingo (NY)

Anthony Mansfield (CA)

Diana Hines (DC) Anita Hite (IN)

Jamissa Jarmon (TX)

Michael Korman (IL)

Linda Mark (TX)

Sepiuta Holakeituai (HI)

Lauretta Jaysura (FL)

Barbara Kunkel (AZ)

Stacey Marques (NJ)

Chauna Leigh Holder (IN)

Joyce Jefferson (IL)

Joe Laborie (OH)

GeorShawn Marshall (SC)

Sarah Hollis (SC)

Gwendolyn Jenkins (TX)

Yolonda Lambirth (MD)

Sheryl Marshall (EL)

Shellarnetta Hollis (NC)

Cherise Johnson (IL)

Deborah Lancaster (NC)

Pamela Mason (IL)

Kescia Holmes (SC)

Curtis Johnson (CA)

Maisha Land (GA)

Susanne Matthews (AL)

Theodora Holmes (NC)

Debra Johnson (MO)

Kara-Beth Lane (NC)

Brenda Mayfield (KY)

Bobbie Hood (NC)

Ralph Johnson (LA)

Kimberly Lane (AK)

Cami McClain (TX)

Andrew Horn (TX)

Romell Johnson (NC)

Kathlan Latimer (CA)

Kadidra McCloud (DC)

Miriam Hornbuckle Grays (IN)

Jo Ann Jolivet (MD)

Robert Latimer (FL)

Patricia McCormick (NC)

Alicia Jones (NC)

Charles Latta (NY)

Shannon McCoy (GA)

Victoria Hosendorf (NJ)

Dudley Jones (CO)

Marlene Lawson (NC)

Denise McCullough (GA)

Darla House (OH)

Gwendolyn Jones (MO)

Bridget Lee (EL)

Phyllis McCune (IL)

Lowri Howard-McGowan (AL)

Joycelyn Jones (CA)

Suzette LeSane (GA)

Wesley McDermott (WI)

Kirra Jones (CA)

Cynthia Lester (GA)

Lakesha McDougald (NC)

Lynn Jones (GA)

Virda Lester (AL)

Madeline McElroy (EL)

Randy Jones (FL)

Adrienne Lester King (GA)

Bridget McFadden (IN)

Tanneka Jones (MD)

Carolyn Levystein (IL)

Marquita McGhee (IL)

Diana Jones Ritter (NY)

Allia Lewis (TX)

Latecia McGrady (IL)

Gwendolyn Hunter (FL)

Angela Jordan (AL)

Brenda Lewis (OK)

Kelly McIntyre (OR)

Jacquelyn Iglehart (TX)

Desiree Kim Jordan (TX)

Cassandra Lewis (MI)

Bobbie McKinney (TX)

Gloria Ingram Bailey (FL)

Patrick Jordan (FL)

Tamara Lewis (MD)

Kelly McKinnon (NC)

Diane Irby (AL)

Jeremy Joseph (AL)

Donna Lewter (VA)

Verneshia McLeese (NC)

Laura Joseph (MD)

Belinda Lindsay (MD)

Jeannine McMillan (IN)

Geraldine Jackson (FL)

Jose Juarez Pereira (TX)

Toby Lister (IL)

Joanne McMurry (MI)

LaTonya Jackson (KY)

Jonathan Karnexl (FL)

Jenny Liu (FL)

Angie McNeal (MD)

Montean Jackson (Alaska)

Meaghan Kauffman (PA)

Mamie Locke (VA)

Tonya McNeely (NC)

Tamikka Jackson (IL)

Bethesda Kearney (NC)

Cynthia Logan (TX)

Tamara McNeil (MO)

Yolanda Jackson (MD)

Kentina Kellum (IL)

Marsha Logan (TN)

Brenay McNeil-Webb (SC)

Dwanne Jackson Clayton (FL)

Valerie Kelly (AR)

Ninevah Lowery (WA)

Cheryl McWilliams (SC) Alex Meed (TX)

Holly Jackson-Conrad (VA)

La’Shonda Kennedy-King (AL)

Robyn Lyles (MD) Lisa Mack (MO)

Krystle Melvin (NC)

Monice Jackson-Ferrill (VA)

Georgette Kimball (NC)

Rebecca Mackay (NY)

Kendra Mervin (FL)

Chermine Jackson-Garrett (TX)

Andrea King (NY)

Kimberly Maddox (NC)

Enith Miles Walters (IN)

Wanda King (MD)

Angela Mahome (IL)

Fayneese Miller (MN)

Andrea James (NC)

Connie Kirkley (NC)

Yvonne Mahoney (GA)

Angelique Miller-Burrell (MI)

Sherrie James (OR)

Amanda Knief (IA)

Yolanda Malachi (NC)

Genell Mills (FL)

Marilyn Hudson Hamb (IL) Cecelia Huff (VA) Davina Hughes (IL) Adrian Hunt Marshall (TX)

Danaya Jackson (NY)

Stacey Mansker-Young (IL)

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 38

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

NAP Connections

New Members*

continued

Angela Mitchell (LA)

Keila Ordonez (NY)

Kendra Randall Jolivet (MD)

Tanisha Mitchell (VA)

Marilyn Pace-White (TX)

Phyllis Randle (MD)

Lourdes Saunders-Blake (NY)

Angel Mitchell Ferguson (FL)

James Pahl (MI)

Quinta Ravenell (SC)

Yvonne Saxon (AL)

Bob Palmer (CA)

Adrienne Ray (GA)

Christina Schieber (OK)

Lekisha Paramore (NC)

Angela Redmon (LA)

Elisa Scott (IL)

Candra Parker (VA)

Valerie Reed-Sweed (TX)

Kelli Scott (NC)

Moselean Parker (IL)

Delores Revis (NC)

Nikkia Scott (TX)

Pamela Reynolds (FL)

Sanjanette Scott (FL)

Nellie Moore (CA)

Penelope Parkhurst Boehm (NY)

Bridgett Rice (KY)

Kimberly Morgan (IN)

Carmen Patton (TN)

Darice Richard (FL)

Beverly SearvogelGraikowski (FL)

Anthony Morley (MI)

Wanda Payne (TN)

Diane Richards (MD)

Althenia Morrow-Tate (AL)

Keisha Payton (VA)

Charles Richardson (CA)

Pamela Mosley Williams (FL)

Paula Payton (SC)

Johnna Richmond (IL)

Lynne Peace (PA)

Fabiola Riobe (NY)

Cecil Peck (FL)

Norberto Rivera (FL)

Joyce Peoples (TN)

Shakyra Rivers (DC)

Teriyaki Perkins (NC)

Catherine Roach (MN)

Linda Perl (AZ)

Ja’Net Roberson (PA)

Carla Perry (VA)

Aida Roberts-Bush (NJ)

Traci Petteway (TX)

Anissa Robinson (NC)

Beverly Phelps (IL)

Jean Robinson (LA)

Tonia Phelps (KY)

Kathryn Robinson (NC)

Yolanda Pinckney (MD)

Jennifer Robinson-Curry (VA)

Jose Molinelli (PR) Benjamin Montgomery (SC) Kimberly Moore (NC) Mayzelle Moore (TN)

Christine Mosore (WI) Katina Moten (MD) Karen Mott Baldwin (FL) Priscilla Murphy (DE) Valerie Murphy (NY) DENISE MYERS (PA) Emma Myers (SC) Mary Myers (ID) Wynella Myers (NC) Josephine Myers-Kuykindall (MN)

Sharon Plaxico Brooks (GA)

Rose Seegars Nelson (NC) Thomas Shakow (DC) Inez Shaw (LA) Charlene Shea (WA) Tonya Shell (VA) Georgette Sherman (GA) Ashley Shorter (LA) LaToya Siler (NC) Veronica Sills (NC) Requish Simmons (GA) Stephanie Simmons (NY) Veronica Simmons (TX) Chandra Simmons-Grant (FL) Erica Simon (TX)

Mary Myers-Nelson (MD)

Jannet Ponder (TX)

Unice Rodgers Johnson (NC)

Sharee Myricks (IL)

Wanda Poole (NC)

DeVonda Rogers (FL)

Kathleen Simonson (FL)

Pamela Nash (NJ)

Sharron Porter (GA)

Evelyn Singleton (SC)

Regina Nash (FL)

Bernard Postell (GA)

Kelin Romero Hernandez (NY)

Cheryl Powell (FL)

Stacey Rose (NC)

Emily Slaven (IN)

Rita Powell (TN)

Yolanda Ross (NJ)

Carla Smith (NC)

Demetria Powell-Harrison (NC)

Rhonda Ruben (TX)

Cecelia Smith (IN)

Lenice Nelson (NY)

Alicia Ruperd (NY)

Deborah Smith (AL)

Reathea Nesbitt (SC)

Carol Prahinski (MI)

Natalie Russell (NJ)

Evelyn P Smith (NC)

Leticia Nicholson (NC)

Shorana Prather (MD)

Patricia Ryan (VA)

Karen Smith (FL)

Beth Nikopoulos (TX)

Valerie Preston (CA)

Alisa Ryu (NY)

LaToya Smith (VA)

Susan Noyes (CA)

Jayne Price (AZ)

Jacqueline Sandle (NC)

Marchella Smith (LA)

Susan Odom Houze (EL)

Jennifer Puccinelli (CA)

Anita Santa Cruz (NC)

Linda Smith Graves (GA)

Jamal Omar (ND)

Neerja Purang (NY)

Petra Sargent (NC)

Deborah Smith-Shaw (NC)

Cristeen O’Neal (IL)

Patricia Quillen (TX)

Bonitta Saulsberry (TX)

Kelly Sonnanstine (TX)

Linda Nathan (TX) Ta-Tianna Nealy-McFadden (NC)

Rozalind Simon (AL)

Djuanique Slaughter (EL)

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 www.parliamentarians.org

NAP Connections

New Members*

continued

Robin Sowards (PA)

Naila Towne (IL)

Valerie Watkins (DC)

NaTasha Spence (NJ)

Faith Watson (NC)

Dominique Standifer (FL)

Carol Townsend Thompson (MS)

Vera Standifer (FL)

Tasha Toy (Utah)

Corretta Watts-Majors (TX)

Kathryn Starr (GA)

Stephanie Tripp (NC)

Andrew Webb (NY)

Lakeila Stemmons (VA)

Joan Tropnas (NY)

A special thank you to the instructors of the aforementioned new members:

Raven Webb (NC)

Angela Stewart (NC)

Necheeka Trott (Bermuda)

Ted Allman

Stacia Weeks (MI)

Angelnet Stith (VA)

Jameelah Tucker (NY)

Carmen Wendt (AZ)

Valoree Althoff

Elsie Stokes McElveen (MD)

Yolanda Turman (PA)

Charnita West (GA)

Jeanne Story (TX)

Isiah Turner (FL)

Kimberly Wheeler (NC)

Lyguria Stubbs (TX)

Marla Turner (NV)

Cecil White (FL)

Wanda Suber (OH)

Madalyn Turner-Dickerson (PA)

Tammie Whitfield (NC)

J. Machelle Sweeting (NY) Joann Sykes (WI) Catrina Tate (TN) Tiffany Tatem (MD) Fernanda Tate-Owens (NC) Maya Tatum (AZ)

Pamela Underwood (NC)

Rita Watt (NY)

Lottayne Widemon (NC) Cynthia Wilder (SC)

Amanda Valentine (TX)

Karla Wiley (IN)

Marshall Vanarsdall (FL) Beverly VanCronkhite (WI) Shelia Vannoy-Buford (NC)

Agnita Williams (VA) Bernadette Williams (LA)

Thank you instructors!

Shanessa Ashford Elizabeth Baker Msary Bullard Cheryl Cole Kay Crews Jackie Compton-Bunch Clifton Eserman Joy Jackson Guilford Tamara Harris

Chandra Williams (NC)

Cindy Hinckley

Debra Williams (NJ)

Beth James

Hope Williams (IN)

Yvette Keesee

Keona Williams (TX)

Gail Knapp

Marcia Williams (IL)

Patricia Koch

Myra Williams (NC)

Marian Martin

Natashia Williams (TX)

Cynthia Mayo

Robert Williams (CA)

Bonnie Murdah

Candiss Williams Anthony (MD)

Helen Popovich

Amelia Taylor (CA)

Tonia Vaxter (TX)

Loi Taylor (TX)

Stephanie Velazquez (TX)

Lori Taylor (IL)

Twyla Vereen (NC)

Patricia Taylor (FL)

Lucina Verish (PA)

Mechelle Taylor Moragne (TN)

LaVerne Vick (NC)

Loryn Taylor-Johnson (EL)

Anita Vincent (TX)

Susan Thames (TX)

Doris Volrie (TX)

Brandy Thomas (GA)

Charlene Voorhies (TX)

Jenita Thomas (TX)

Cathy Waddell (NC)

Kareema Thomas (NC) Ruby Thomas (NC)

Carolyn Walker Henderson (MD)

Secoya Thomas (NC)

Audra Wallace (GA)

Patricia Woodley (TX)

Wanda Sims

Lasagne Thompson (TX)

Felicia Ward (SC)

Denise Woods (VA)

Jim Slaughter

Kimberli Timmons (NC)

Angela Warren (CA)

Derise Woods (TN)

Beverly Tatham

Monica Timmons (FL)

Paula Warren (CA)

Tyeshia Woods (NC)

Marsha Turner

Jennifer Tims (FL)

Roxanne Warren (TX)

Lorna Woodside (NY)

Deborah Underwood

Loretta Tonak (WY)

Clemontine WA (GA)

Linda Wright (SC)

Gloria Watson

Dwight Toombs (FL)

Kimberly WA (GA)

Lydia York (DE)

Fashika Willis

Renee Toomer (TN)

Tyeis WA (NC)

Cheryl Young (MO)

Nichole Wilson

Shrone Tootle (GA)

Jennifer Watkins (NC)

Dianna Zachary (LA)

Susie Wright

Selina Vickers (WV)

Linda Williams-Brettingen (MN) Amber Williamson (GA)

Robert Robinson Ruth Ryan Karen Sanders

* For the period June 17, 2021 through October 15, 2021 40

National Parliamentarian • Fall 2021

Soar to new heights.

2022 NAP Training Conference Albuquerque, NM

Sept. 8-10, 2022

2022 NTC Save the date to join us in historical Albuquerque for the 2022 NAP Training Conference. Here’s what you can expect: • Learn from the experts in parliamentary procedure • Broaden your perspective through interactions with your peers • Make new friends with others who share your passion for parliamentary procedure • Experience the architecture, artwork, and cuisine that make Albuquerque the cultural capital of the Southwest

National

Parliamentarian

Official publication of the National Association of Parliamentarians® 213 S. Main Street Independence, MO 64050-3808 816.833.3892 • 888.627.2929 hq@nap2.org • www.parliamentarians.org

National Parliamentarian (Vol.83, No. 1)

Articles inside

New Members

Answer Key – Zip Through This Quiz

Parliamentary Law Club of Richmond, Virginia Celebrates Seventy Years of Leadership

Defusing Dueling Agendas

Marjorie Vogel, 1920-2020

It Depends

Continuing the Journey: From Good to Great

Expediting Meetings

Willing But Unable: Incapacity and the Incumbent

Questions & Answers

Zip Through This Quiz