Computational Design Parool Chauhan Ripudaman Singh Sivaranjanee K. Faculty of Design CEPT University
PD00 1517 PD00 1917 PI00 1817 Masters of Design, International Masters in Interior Architecture & Design
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Computational Design Parool Chauhan Ripudaman Singh Sivaranjanee K. Faculty of Design CEPT University
PD00 1517 PD00 1917 PI00 1817 Masters of Design, International Masters in Interior Architecture & Design
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History and Theory 16 weeks
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i Bueiledks 8w
The Computational Design stream focuses on exploring a system to develop a spatial, structural and material organization, taking into account computation logic and materialization in the field of Interior Architecture and Design. It helps students to investigate the design process through experimentation with systems and their behavior. It explores material behavior, material systems, and selforganizations to create responsive and dynamic systems through small workshops.
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The students study theory of generative design processes and concepts such as patterns, fractal geometry, cellular automate and self-organization. The studio projects aim at designing such a system to achieve multiple scenarios as output which can be tested to varied conditions, like altering environments, context or even changing program.
Computational Design 01
Initial Experiment Explorations in aluminium through curved folding
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Stage 1 Exploration of geometrical modules in paper through curved folding
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Stage 2 Exploration of system of different geometries in paper through curved folding
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Stage 3 Experimentation with the selected geometry
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Final Outcome Final outcome with the selected geometry
01 Introduction Fascinating and elegant shapes may be folded from a single planar sheet of material without stretching, tearing or cutting, if one incorporates curved folds into the design. We present an optimizationbased computational framework for design and digital reconstruction of surfaces which can be produced by curved folding. Our work not only contributes to applications in architecture and industrial design, but it also provides a new way to study the complex and largely unexplored phenomena arising in curved folding. Curved folding is a hybrid of folding and bending a sheet, and the surface is comprised of curved creases and smooth developable surface patches. This can be compared to prismatic origami being the result of pure folding, and the smooth developable surface created from pure bending of a sheet.The hybrid property of curved folding has an advantage when used to form a 3D surface from sheet materials. When we try to form a surface by pure bending, the shape is limited to simple geometries such as cones, cylinders and tangent surfaces. Prismatic origami on the other hand is more flexible in design, but cannot represent a smoothly curved surface without increasing the resolution by a sufficient number of creases. Such creases form a large number of vertices where the material largely deforms in-plane. Here, a curved fold forms a variety of surfaces using mostly separated small number of creases. Our goal is to find out further different types of applications of curved folding and make curved
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folding applicable in a wider context of design by understanding its form variations and the geometry behind it. Motivated by the potential and interest in the use of curved folding for various geometric design purposes, we investigate this topic from the perspective of geometric modeling.
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Initial experiment: Explorations in aluminium sheets through curved crease folding 15cm
Experiments were done on the modules of aluminium sheets 0.4 mm thickness. Each module measuring to be 15cm x 15cm in its dimensions.Techiniques of Half Cut, Folding,Bending & In-out crease were performed on the modules to see how these react to each of these actions.
Experiment 1 AIM: To check the curvilinear nature of the Aluminium sheet through half cuts made at equidistance of 2 cm. OBSERVATIONS : The sheet is still rigid and is unable to achieve curvilinear nature
Experiment 2 AIM: To check the curvilinear nature of the Aluminium sheet through half cuts made at equidistance of 1 cm. OBSERVATIONS : With closer half cuts , the sheet starts to show some curvilinear nature.
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15cm
Experiment 3 AIM: To check the curvilinear nature of the Aluminium sheet through half cuts made at equidistance of 0.5 cm. OBSERVATIONS : With even more closer half cuts the sheet shows some extent to which it can achieve a curvilinear form. Experiment 4 AIM: To check the behavior of Aluminium sheet with curved folding technique. OBSERVATIONS : There is a need of a void at the initiating points of the curves so as to compliment the brittle nature of the sheet. The sheets starts to have some undulations.
Experiment 5 AIM: To check the behavior of Aluminium sheet with curved folding technique. OBSERVATIONS : Keeping the sides of the sheet constant , the variable is the addition of vertices in the shape at the centre of the sheet. The sheet has undulations but they are not uniform.
Experiment 6 AIM: To check the behavior of Aluminium sheet with curved folding technique. OBSERVATIONS : Keeping the sides of the sheet constant , the variable is the addition of vertices in the shape at the centre of the sheet. The sheet has undulations and is comfortable in even numbered vertices.
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Experiment 7 AIM: To check the behavior of Aluminium sheet with curved folding technique. OBSERVATIONS : Keeping the sides of the sheet constant , the variable is the addition of vertices in the shape at the centre of the sheet. The sheet has undulations and is comfortable in even numbered vertices.
Experiment 8 AIM: To check the strength of the sheet by cutting stripes in the sheet OBSERVATIONS : With the distance between the cuts more in the start of the experiment, it has more or less the same strength of the sheet.
Experiment 9 AIM: To check the strength of the sheet by cutting stripes in the sheet OBSERVATIONS : With the distance between the cuts becoming less , its starts to buckle from the centre once the force is applied vertically to it.
Experiment 10 AIM: To see maximum form generation in the sheet by in and out cuts. OBSERVATIONS : With the inclusion of the cut at the centre , the sheet starts to attain some kind of form.
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Experiment 11 AIM: To see form generation through mirror arc cuts (Concave and Convex) OBSERVATIONS : The sheet starts to show the neatest of forms , and there is an immense potential of form generation through this method.
Experiment 12 AIM: To see form generation through mirror arc cuts (Concave and Convex) Continued. OBSERVATIONS : The sheet starts to show the neatest of forms , and there is an immense potential of form generation through this method.
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Stage 1: Exploration of geometrical modules in paper through curved crease folding The aim was to explore the behaviour of various geometries through curved crease folding in Paper (To be done in Aluminium) Carrying forward our explorations, we moved on to paper to analyse the basic geometrical rules of curved folding, identifying which of the parameters are appropriate and which ones must be followed. Here the explorations are focused on testing the potential of patterns and geometries to dive deep into the search of design systems.
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Experiment 1 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with ellipse crease fold. OBSERVATIONS : The oval shaped crease showed a rise in height of the paper. More interlinked oval did not show this observations.. Experiment 2 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper in curve crease folding. OBSERVATIONS : Combination of in and out crease showed a change in form and stability of paper.
Experiment 3 AIM: To check the behaviour paper with mirror arc crease. OBSERVATIONS : The mirror concave arcs showed potential in stable form further for a module system.
Experiment 4 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with different arc on triangular geometry. OBSERVATIONS : Triangular geometry did not show much stability with mirror arc crease.
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Experiment 5 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with in crease folding on semi-circular geometry. OBSERVATIONS :In and out crease in semicular geometry with variation in diameter showed circular forms of different geometry.
Experiment 6 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with in-out crease folding on semi-circular geometry. OBSERVATIONS : Valley and mountain crease formed forms for semicircular geometry..
Experiment 7 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with in mirror arc crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Combination of in and out curve with mirror arced crease showed much stability than any other form so far.
Experiment 8 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with in-out mirror arc crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Combination of in and out curve with mirror arced crease showed much stability than any other form so far. Increasing the crease showed deformation of the same form. 20
Experiment 9 AIM: To check the behaviour of polygonal geometry with in-out mirror arced crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Polygonal geometry was combined with in and out crease showing potential for modular stable form.
Experiment 10 AIM: To check the behaviour of polygonal geometry with in mirror arced crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Polygonal geometry was combined with in crease showing a larger potential for modular stable form.
Experiment 11 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with addition and subtraction of paper and in-out crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Random adding and subtracting of the paper from a basic module resulted in stable form
Experiment 12 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper with addition and subtraction of paper and in-out crease and check its stability. OBSERVATIONS : Random adding and subtracting of the paper from a basic module resulted in stable form.
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Experiment 13 AIM: To check the behaviour of paper in-out crease and check change in form. OBSERVATIONS : In and out crease in strips of paper generated forms.
Experiment 14 AIM: To check the behaviour of circular geometry with in-out crease and check change in form. OBSERVATIONS : In and out crease in a circular periphery resulted in a self standing form.
Experiment 15 AIM: To check the behaviour of double circular geometry with in-out crease and check change in form. OBSERVATIONS : Adding two circular periphery resulted in distorted self standing form.
Experiment 16 AIM: To check the behaviour of ellipse with in-out crease and check change in form. OBSERVATIONS : Ellipse with same experiment showed less stability as compared to prior experiments.
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Stage 2: Exploration of system of different geometries in paper through curved crease folding The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding. Inferences : 1. Geometries like pentagons and hexagons resulted in a form closer to a sphere. 2. The valley and ridge crease should always be in even number to have a working form. 3. Systems with convex crease only works under the conditions that it is paired with a mirror crease. 4. Individual components made of curved crease with joineries did not reach the optimised levels as a design system, hence making the systems from a single planar sheet superior.
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superior.
oration 7 Exploration 6
loration 5
E Ex
Experiment 1
Expl
AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding. OBSERVATIONS : The polygonal module with in and out crease when placed in a series showed formation of circular skeletal form which were attached from side to side
loration 8 Exploration 7
ploration 6
Explo E Experiment 2
Ex
AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding.
ploration 9 Exploration 8
OBSERVATIONS : When the polygons are placed in sequence that are attached from vertex to vertex , it resulted in a multiple circular form.
loration 7
Experiment 3 AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding.
ploration 10 Exploration 9
Ex Explo
Ex
OBSERVATIONS : Keeping the sides of the surface constant , the variable is the addition of vertices in the shape at the centre of the surface. The surface had undulations but they were not uniform.
ploration 8
Exploration 10
ploration 11
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Explo
Ex Ex
superior.
loration 5
Ex Experiment 4
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AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding. OBSERVATIONS : With even more closer half cuts the surface shows the extent to which it can achieve a curvilinear form.
loration 6
Ex
10 Experiment 5 AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding. OBSERVATIONS : There is a need of a void at the initiating points of the curves so as to compliment the brittle nature of the surface. The surface starts to have some undulations.
oration 7
Ex
11 Experiment 6 AIM: The aim is to have developable design systems from a planar surface by curved crease folding. OBSERVATIONS : Keeping the sides of the surface constant , the variable is the addition of vertices in the shape at the centre of the surface. The surface has undulations but they are not uniform.
loration 8
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Ex
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Stage 3: Experimentation with the selected geometry Aim The aim is to move towards a spatial structure from a curved folding technique, and testing the selected system of its capability to modulate in different conditions and directions.
Inferences : 1. The lesser the modulation , the more planar the surface becomes losing the spatial quality. 2. The more concentrated the squares of the system at a certain point , the more likely it will rise from its inception level. 3. The more spread out the squares of the systems are, it results to a planar surface than a doublely curved surface. 4. The rise of doublely curved surface depends in how closely the squares are held together. Flimsy joineries will eventually lead to losing of its shape. 5. The distroted squares will give way to depressions in the surface. 6.Simple adjustment in the proportion of the elements in the system can break the symmetry and increase dynamism
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Selected geometry
4. Material experimentation and exploration : Testing the selec
can
m.
Diagram 1
8.5 cm
Diagram
Height
Base width =
Constant
Experiment 1 AIM: The aim is to achieve a spatial structure from curved crease folding technique, and testing the selected system of its capability to modulate in different conditions and directions.
Elevation
OBSERVATIONS : With even more closer half cuts the surface shows to which extent it can achieve a curvilinear form.
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Size of the square : 8cm X 8cm Ratio of the distortion : 15 %
Elevatio
on : Testing the selected system of its capability to modulate in differen
Diagram 2
14 cm
Diagram
Height
Base width =
Constant
Experiment 2 AIM: The aim is to achieve a spatial structure from curved crease folding technique, and testing the selected system of its capability to modulate in different conditions and directions.
Elevation
OBSERVATIONS : With even more closer half cuts the surface shows to which extent it can achieve a curvilinear form.
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Size of the square : 8cm X 8cm Ratio of the distortion : 30%
Elevatio
o modulate in different conditions and directions.
The aim 3D surfa techniq system differen
Inferenc
1. The le planar t the spat
2. The m of the s 20 cm more lik level.
Diagram 3 Height
Base width =
Constant
Experiment 3 AIM: The aim is to achieve a spatial structure from curved crease folding technique, and testing the selected system of its capability to modulate in different conditions and directions.
Elevation
OBSERVATIONS : With even more closer half cuts the surface shows to which extent it can achieve curvilinear form.
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Size of the square : 8cm X 8cm Ratio of the distortion : 50% (-)
3. The m the syst surface
4. The s also dep points a start los
5. The s to the d
Final outcome
Aim
We clubed different design systems, with different modulations. The aim was to observe the reactions of the systems with each other. There was an asymmetrical manipulation of the systems without knowing what the result would be .For this, we started developing the form from joining the surfaces of the systems together at a prior stage. Moving along we achieved a doublely curved that could be very well concieved as a spatial structure. The form very well accomodated with all the design systems to give an individual form which was unique in itself.
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Diagrams
b
c
d a
18 cm 5 cm 19 cm 17 cm b
c
a
Height d
Size of the square : 8cm X 8cm Ratio of the distortion : 42
a
60% (-)
Base width b
50% (-)
c
40% (-)
d
20% (-)
The way forward : This prototype showcases a full control that curved crease folding has achieved and can be manipulated into an architectural space such as , an airport concourse , urban plaza etc.
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“Parametricism is ready to go mainstream. The style war has begun�
Patrik Schumacher Part of coursework at Faculty of Design, CEPT University. All rights reserved. Semester One, Master of Design, Monsoon 2017 Core Faculty: Jwalant Mahadevwala, Arpi Maheshwari, Ahmed Abbas, Radhika Amin Academic Associate: Lipi Aggarwal. Teaching Assistant: N Hariraman
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