Parque de las Ciencias. Andalucía- Granada (SPAIN)

A new kind of Museum

Consorcio Parque de las Ciencias

Parque de las Ciencias Consortium The Honourable Ms. Teresa Jiménez Vílchez President of the Parque de las Ciencias Consortium Minister for Employment of the Autonomous Government of Andalusia.

Consejería de Educación Consejería de Medio Ambiente Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa

The Honourable Mr. José Torres Hurtado Mayor-President of Granada City Council The Honourable Ms. Cinta Castillo Jiménez Minister for the Environment of the Autonomous Government of Andalusia The Honourable Mr. Francisco Vallejo Serrano Minister for Innovation, Science and Business of the Autonomous Government of Andalusia The Honourable Mr. Antonio Martínez Caler President of the Provincial Council of Granada The Honourable Mr. Francisco González Lodeiro Vice-Chancellor of the University of Granada The Honourable Mr. Rafael Rodrigo Montero President of the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) Mr. Antonio-Claret García García President of Caja Granada Mr. Antonio León Serrano President of Caja Rural de Granada

Parque de las Ciencias Andalucía - Granada

COMUNIDAD EUROPEA Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional

October 2008

Avenida de la Ciencia s/n 18006. Granada Tel: +34 958 131 900 • Fax: +34 958 133 582 info@parqueciencias.com

Colaboran:

www.parqueciencias.com CONSEJERÍA DE EMPLEO

Parque de las Ciencias: A pioneer of its time A new cultural phenomenon is beginning to gain a foothold in developed societies. More and more people are looking for new ways in which to enjoy themselves in a contemporary world where science, new technologies and the environment play a vital role. People want to take part in recreational activities which combine entertainment with new ways in which they can expand their knowledge. The joy of knowledge and discovery - new methods for new times. New multi-purpose spaces are therefore being created, and they are just as diverse and flexible as todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s world, incorporating ongoing learning, creative activities, culture, new technologies, intelligent fun, communication, the Internet, science, and innovation. The Parque de las Ciencias is a meeting place for the people of today.

Parque de las Ciencias Ideas for the 21st Century A new kind of Museum Interactive museums are becoming increasingly popular around the world. They all help to revitalise culture, but their size, energy and scope can also help them to promote progress in their own setting. In addition to its permanent exhibitions, the Parque de las Ciencias also focuses on other areas which make it a lively, constantly-evolving place: a new kind of museum. Permanent Content The new Exhibition Halls, more than 6 Permanent Exhibition Halls, the tropical Butterfly House, the Planetarium, the Forest of the Senses, the Observation Tower and the Outdoor Exhibits are the permanent features of the newly-extended museum. Temporary Exhibitions The museum also has spaces covering a total surface area of more than 5,000 m2 which are used to host temporary exhibitions. These areas are fully-equipped and provide ideal settings, spaces and lighting for each exhibition. Cultural Gallery An auditorium for 500 people, micro-cinemas, library, mediatheque, the Darwin café, an Internet café, bookshop and specialist shop, as well as workshops and classrooms covering a total surface area of 1,000 m2. A meeting place. Windows to Science and Live Science A new concept of Transparent Spaces” which provide an insight into science today. These “windows” are a direct way of showing the public some of the research which is currently being carried out, letting people see real research and innovation projects. They are a little bit of the laboratory in the museum. There will also be “windows” run by the Museo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Spanish National Science and Technology Museum) and the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Spanish National Natural Sciences Museum). Interactive Exhibits and Historic Heritage Since it was first set up, the Parque de las Ciencias has always tried to use classic museum techniques and combine them with new technologies and interactive exhibits. Innovation: ExploraLAB The Parque de las Ciencias will be home to ExploraLAB, a new space dedicated to experimentation, training and research in scientific culture. This initiative will be run in collaboration with the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Working in Networks The Parque de las Ciencias supports the creation of regional, national and international networks for the promotion of scientific and technological culture: RECTA (Andalusian Network of Spaces for Scientific and Technical Communications), Ciencia en el Aula (Science in the Classroom), Andalucía Investiga (Andalusia Investigates), Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (Science and Technology for Development), etc... Activity Programmes Workshops, courses, seminars, Film, congresses, conferences, science fairs, scientific theatre and music in a museum open to people from all walks of life. An Open-Air Museum The Parque de las Ciencias is not called a science park for nothing. When we think of a park we think about spaces where we can have fun, get outside, a place which makes up for the environmental problems inherent to large and medium-sized cities.

A green Museum

Sustainability and Energy Efficiency Since it was first set up in 1995, the Parque de las Ciencias has always encouraged energy saving measures by installing and promoting clean energies. The museum currently has three solar roofs: one is on the roof covering the Vía Láctea (Milky Way) restaurant, the second is on the conference room terrace, and the largest of the three, which is the most extensive photovoltaic system integrated into a building in Andalusia, is on the roof of the Macroscope. Through these systems, the Parque de las Ciencias aims not only to save energy, but also to promote awareness of the use of renewable energies amongst the general public and help change the way people think so that they help to protect our planet. The three roofs serve a dual purpose: firstly, they generate energy, and secondly, they are educational exhibits which can help show visitors the advantages of solar energy and how it can be used. Macroscope Solar Roof The solar roof on top of the Macroscope covers a surface area of 1,645 m2. It generates approximately 25% of the electrical energy required to power the building, and does so in a clean, non-polluting manner. Power rating: Active surface area: Annual output: CO2 emissions avoided: Equivalent energy: Subsidised by: Installation cost: Total number of modules or panels: Equipment and installation: Module dimensions: Structure: Engineering: Date installed:

200 KW 1,645 m2 287,000 KW/H 260,000 kg CO2 /year 110 houses/year Andalusian Energy Agency 1,900,000 euros 1,058 solar panels Sinvert – 100. Siemens 991 x 1,665 mm Integrated. Hot galvanized steel A. Gómez Avilés. Enerwind, S.L. 2007 - 2008

PROJECT TIMELINE

4th Phase. 2008

3rd Phase. 2001

Surface area: Investment:

48,300 m2 60 million euros (Co-financed by FEDER)

Inauguration: Architects:

November 2008 Carlos Ferrater Lambarri Yolanda Brasa Seco Eduardo Jiménez Artacho Museum Project: Ernesto Páramo Javier Medina Actions: Temporary Exhibition Hall Journey Through the Human Body Hall Al-Andalus and Science Hall Tecno-Foro Hall Risk Prevention Hall Auditorium and Training Area Cultural Gallery: Mediatheque, cinemas, etc… Biodome, Forest of the Senses, etc…

Inauguration: Architects:

8,500 m2 5.85 million euros (Co-financed by FEDER) June 2001 Francisco Pastor Gil Javier Balbo Martín Antonio Navarro Suárez

Actions: 50 m-high Observation Tower Temporary Exhibition Hall Vía Láctea (Milky Way) Restaurant, Marie Curie Plaza, Lake and dynamic sculptures, and outdoor exhibits. Administrative building. Andalusian Environment Centre: This building, which has a useful surface area of 2,000 m2, is used for exhibitions and workshops. It was built by the Autonomous Government of Andalusia and the University of Granada as a space in which to carry out environmental research.

2nd Phase. 1998

1st Phase. 1995

Surface area:

8,400 m2

Surface area:

9,500 m2

Investment:

781,000 euros

Investment:

6,14 million euros

Inauguration:

December 1998

Architect:

Francisco Pastor Gil

Inauguration: Architects:

May 1995 Francisco Pastor Gil Francisco Maeso López Ernesto Páramo Javier Ruiz Javier Medina

Actions: Tropical Butterfly House Botanical Walks, 4,000 m2 Multi-purpose thermostatic exhibition tent Hydraulic water circulation and recycling system Experiences: Distorted house, Almazara (oil mill), biological water treatment plant, water games and giant chess

Museum Project:

Actions: Foucault Pendulum Building: Permanent Exhibition Halls: Eureka, Biosphere, Perception, Explora. Temporary Exhibition Hall, Function Room, Planetarium, offices, science classrooms, café. Astronomical Observatory Car park and general external works

PARQUE DE LAS CIENCIAS EXPANSION PROJECT

TECHNICAL DATA Plot surface area for 4th phase: Total floor area: Total above-ground floor area: Total museum surface area (all phases): Photovoltaic roof: 1056 solar panels

33,635 m2 48,377 m2 25,080 m2 70,000 m2

Floor Area Details: Temporary Exhibition Hall Leonardo Da Vinci: Journey Through the Human Body Hall: Risk Prevention Hall: Tecno-Foro Hall: Al-Andalus and Science Hall: Auditorium (500 places): Biodome: Cultural Gallery: Teaching Area and ExploraLab: Offices: Lobby, ticket offices, common areas:

1,901 m2 1,863 m2 1,459 m2 1,685 m2 4,477 m2 1,160 m2 1,801 m2 2,132 m2 1,034 m2 1,295 m2 6,095 m2

Total Surface Area of Macroscope:

24,902 m2

Outside hall. Café: Underground car park (300 spaces): Storage rooms, service mezzanines, facilities:

178 m2 9,772 m2 13,525 m2

Developer: Parque de las Ciencias Consortium Project and Construction Management: Carlos Ferrater Lambarri, Eduardo Jiménez Artacho and Yolanda Brasa Museum Programme Management: Ernesto Páramo Sureda and Javier Medina Fernández Structure: Pondio Ingenieros. Juan M. Calvo Installations and Construction Management: Ábaco Ingenieros. Patricio Bautista, Ángel Carmona and Luis Ollero Architects: Javier Escolano, José Moreno and Lorenzo Gil Health and Safety: Javier Escolano, José Moreno Construction Company: Dragados S.A. Management and Development: Parque de las Ciencias team

The Macroscope: An enigmatic box

Thanks to this extension, the new Parque de las Ciencias now occupies a large plot of land covering a surface area of 70,000 m2 in one of the city’s best locations. The Macroscope is the museum’s main building. An “enigmatic box”, as the architects describe it, which only reveals itself to you as you walk through it. Its silhouette looks like a giant open hand resting on the banks of the river Genil. The building has a state-of-the-art, daring design. Garden areas are interweaved with paved pathways, open spaces are combined with indoor halls housing exhibitions, workshops, classrooms, etc. The project is the culmination of all of the different phases of construction of the Parque de las Ciencias, and creates a unique space which is consistent both in terms of its shape and its content. This new building is actually one large museum which houses several smaller ones, as well as meeting areas, teaching rooms, research facilities, recreational spaces and areas for the promotion of new technologies, etc.

Teaching and Cultural Gallery

Tecno-Foro

Al-Andalus and Science

Biodome

Auditorium

MAIN ENTRANCE

Área Expositiva

Temporary Exhibition Hall Hall

Journey Through the Human Body

Risk Prevention

Biodom Área de Formación y Galería cultural

Exhibition Area

Entrada principal

Hall

“...MICROSCOPE: To see the infinitely small; TELESCOPE: To see the infinitely far away; MACROSCOPE: To get an overview of everything...”

NEW FACILITIES

The way in which the contents and activities in the new Parque de las Ciencias are structured is designed not only to open up the doors to new fields of science, but also to welcome the new trends which cultural management will follow in the future: art and technology, technological innovation, education and training, cultural recreation, culture on the net. This is the world of the future.

Areas of activity: Interactive Museum. Communications Training Research Cultural Gallery Tecno-Foro New Trends Observatory Making exhibits and commercial management

The Great Hall

Cultural Gallery

A plaza bathed in light

The cultural gallery is also open to the public, providing a cultural space for the city each and every day. Facilities include a library with a reading area overlooking the gardens, a science mediatheque, photograph room, book shop, specialist shop, Internet café, 3 microcinemas, and a multipurpose auditorium which is equipped with a large 3D digital screen.

In stark contrast to the outside of the building, the hall is a bright, userfriendly place. This large covered plaza leads visitors to all the different parts of the museum and houses visitor services such as: information points and models of the museum, ticket offices, a cloakroom, café, waiting area, the museum shop, newsroom, etc… It is both a meeting place and a thoroughfare.

Teaching and Research Department

Administrative Department

This department has very close links to the museum but is still independent. It runs a varied training programme, making use of its flexible classrooms, multimedia equipment and well-organised shared services. Activities range from teaching workshops for schoolchildren to international seminars, as well as teacher training and collaborative programmes with universities. This is a vital space used exclusively for research and for courses, workshops and seminars which use science laboratories, media room, digital rooms, etc…

Functional and well-run. This strategically located department is the heart of the management of the museum: commercial management, administration and finances, the design of exhibits and programmes, science, communications and education, conferences... Windows to Science These can be found throughout the museum. They are “windows” open to the latest developments, to live science, to other museums and laboratories. They are open to anything that can be incorporated into exhibits to make them more dynamic. Every month in the main hall a guest research group is invited to provide an exhibit to show its work to the public.

Hall 1

Hall 2

A. Tecno-Foro

B. New Trends Observatory

Al-Andalus and Science

This hall is split into two floors. One part of it is a technological forum (Tecno-Foro) which houses permanent exhibits from Andalusia’s Science Parks, and provides visitors with information about new patents, and R&D&I in the research and innovation system. It is a meeting place for the public, industries, the scientific community and universities. It is also a space used for realtime exhibits on current research as well as demonstrations of new innovations. A meeting place for technologists and companies.

The second part of the hall, the “Observatory”, is a melting pot of new technologies and art. It provides an insight into video-creation and computer graphics, contemporary artistic expression, architecture, Internet developments, music, cinema and the digital world. It is an innovative space which examines new forms of expression and creativity in the technological world in which we live.

A unique space managed by the Fundación del Legado Andalusí (Al-Andalus Legacy Foundation), housing an exhibition which aims to promote awareness of the scientific and technological legacy and civilisation of AlAndalus through permanent exhibits as well as regular activities, meetings, seminars, temporary exhibits, research, publications, etc... The hall has an international scope and aims to become a unique cultural reference point. It is committed to the past, the present and the future.

Hall 3

Hall 4

Hall 5

Risk Prevention

Journey Through the Human Body

Temporary Exhibitions and Multi-Purpose Hall

An innovative space in Europe, co-managed by the Regional Ministry of Employment. New multimedia communication technologies are used to promote a preventative culture and social awareness of the complex world of accidents in a clear way which is accessible to everyone. New technologies, new materials and new ideas to help increase our perception of risks in our complex contemporary society. Striving towards quality of life.

This hall aims to teach visitors about the human body, biomedicine, transplants, new medicines, the genetic engineering revolution, food, health, etc... This is one of the most soughtafter areas of scientific knowledge amongst the general public, and it is developing at a faster rate than many other areas. This hall has a wonderful scientific amphitheatre, or dissection and anatomical demonstration room, a teaching workshop, a temporary exhibition area and a “window” to science.

Transport, Sports Science, Knowledge and Communication Technologies, the History of Science and Technology, Archaeology, Biology, New Technologies, Astrophysics, Geography, etc… This is a constantly-evolving space with exhibits on current developments or the usual big topics, connected to international circuits and hosting unique meetings, forums and events.

The Great Skylight; A plaza bathed in light Length: 102 m, Maximum width: 25 m, Maximum height: 20 m, Covers a surface area of 1500 m2 24

Journey through the Human Body Hall 1,863 m2

General Content This hall focuses on one of the topics the general public are most interested in and concerned about: health and everything related to life and their own lives. In a society where people have more time for recreational activities, higher levels of education and a longer average lifespan, the general public has become much more interested in health, medical sciences and new bio-health technologies. The hall aims to promote awareness of what is currently known about health and life sciences by providing a general overview of the field, linking the different sciences and techniques involved: these include the human body, anatomical sciences, the study of the senses, biomedicine, transplant operations, new medicines, genetics and the genetic engineering revolution, food, understanding relationships between living things and their environment, life expectancy, etc... Life sciences are exceptionally important today and a great deal of interdisciplinary research is being carried out into the field. Discovering how the human body works has always been a tremendous intellectual and scientific challenge. Our knowledge has allowed scientists to carry out exhaustive research into illnesses, disorders, functional anomalies and deformities which have, for many years, caused suffering and death. The history of medicine is, on the one hand, the history of humans’ persistent curiosity and desire to understand the world, and, on the other, the history of the struggle between illnesses and the longing to be as healthy and well as possible. The hall also includes exhibits on the development of techniques used in science related to health, life, and the study of human beings: instruments and methods used to represent the body using models, recordings or photographs, as well as some of the most modern examination techniques, microscopic displays, digital simulation, etc…

Structure of Contents Because the exhibits are scientific and educational, the hall strikes a balance between highly valuable historical objects and exhibits and real organs, interactive experiments, virtual reality, IT models, scale models, scenographic exhibits, reproductions, videos, workshops, etc... The contents of the hall have been designed taking into account the inter-relationships between life and health sciences and physical sciences (pulleys, levers, slanted surfaces, energies…) and the chemistry of life. A New Type of Museology. Up-To-Date and High-Quality Interactive spaces have become very successful around the world. Science centres, interactive exhibitions and, above all, modern science museums have proved that the method works and that the public responds well to these techniques. This hall aims to create a new science space which encourages visitors to interact with and think about the exhibits. It tackles high-quality, relevant topics, using state-of-the-art approaches, stimulating the curiosity of visitors and letting them explore the content. In short, it uses a discourse which is contemporary in both form and substance. The hall is structured around different levels of information, which complement each other, but which deal with the exhibition contents using different museology techniques. All of the spaces are flexible and dynamic, and focus is placed on cross-over or interdisciplinary areas, such as sport, living things or the environment.

1.- Anatomical Amphitheatre. Demonstration Workshop. Closeness 80 m2 space with tiered seating and a demonstration table in the middle where “live” anatomy, biology, chemistry etc.. experiments are carried out. Seating for around 80 people. The hall is integrated into the exhibition but is used independently and has its own dynamic. It is a new resource available to be used by teaching staff so that they can demonstrate experiments to students in a unique environment very different to the normal classroom setting. A number of different scientific demonstrations are put on in the workshop, which is also used for sessions for professionals and experts from the fields of health and life sciences to provide teacher training on specific subjects. The amphitheatre centres around closeness and a direct link with the object being studied. 2.- General Exhibition Area. Interaction and Participation. A Multimedia Exhibition The main exhibition hall covers a surface area of 700 m2. The focus here is on interactive and/or dynamic elements, and exhibits related to historical or contemporary scientific or technological heritage also play a key role. It is a multimedia space which brings together all of the communications media available today, from scale models to the Internet, and from the written word to videos. Visitors participate physically and with their hands, but also reflect upon the exhibits, trying to understand what happens and why.

3.- Windows. A Transparent Space This hall is where we develop new ideas for contemporary museology. To do this, we use “windows” which are open to modern developments and live science. The aim is to create a transparent space, a real window which opens onto knowledge. 3.1.-Temporary Area. An Evolving Space This flexible, versatile space covers a surface area of 250 m2 and is used for temporary exhibits. It can be used as the provisional location of a bibliographic or multimedia information point about life and health sciences, or to install modules and instruments which examine specific aspects of biology or medicine. 3.2.- Classic Museology and Accessible Collections The public do not have direct access to exhibits in this part of the museum, but they can see them on request. It contains natural history or medical exhibits. This material can be seen by professionals, teachers or lecturers, as well as any visitors who ask to do so. This area is designed to be transparent and is equipped with the facilities required to conserve and exhibit this type of material. 3.3.- Scientific and Technological Advances This area is used to display technologies used in scientific research in the fields of health and life sciences. In summary, it is designed to be a “window” showing today’s latest science and technology, as well as the social and informational reality. 3.4.- Live Science This area aims to show visitors research which is currently being carried out in these fields, and to tell them about unique teaching and educational innovation projects. It is a very direct way to show visitors some current lines of research and to bring science and the work that scientists do, e.g. in a plastination laboratory, closer to the general public.

3.5.- To Find Out More

Journey Through Human Body Systems and Organs

Healthy Habits: Nutrition, Exercise, Drugs, etc…

As is now customary in the Parque de las Ciencias exhibitions, this hall has an area where visitors can consult books and IT resources to find out more about related subjects in which they have an interest. Books, communications and scientific magazines, current references or useful links are all available in this space, which has been designed to encourage reading and research. This area is also used to tell people about events related to life and health sciences, such as conferences, events, seminars, articles, etc…

Living things are part of a complex web of relationships with the environment in which they live, from nutrition to reproduction, and from breathing and moving to perception, because they are made up of a series of different systems which each carry out specific functions. These systems do not work independently, they each depend on one another, forming an organised whole. But, for many living things, all the perceptions that they have of the outside and the way in which they interpret the world depend on one vital organ, perhaps the most complex organ of all: the brain. This organ controls unconscious movements, most voluntary movements, consciousness, memory, intellectual activity and the senses. It is a fascinating organ, and one which we need to know about and understand.

The aim of this part of the museum is to teach schoolchildren, in a simple and friendly way, about the need to have healthy habits, both in terms of the food that they eat and of taking part in any sort of physical activity, as well as eliminating any habits which are bad for their health (drugs, alcohol, selfmedicating, etc…), so that their bodies can work in the best possible conditions. Other exhibits examine the importance of complementary or alternative medicines for the treatment of certain ailments and illnesses, such as herbal medicine in pharmacy or acupuncture.

FIELDS OF CONTENT The hall focuses on the human body. It tells visitors about the discoveries we have made and everything we now know about it: the way in which human organs and systems work, the illnesses from which we suffer, good habits for a healthy life, scientific challenges, the technology which has allowed us to discover so much and the fact that human beings are here today because of evolution. History of Knowledge About the Human Body, Life and Health The exhibits explain the most relevant parts of the history of these sciences, particularly medicine, showing the techniques and materials used in different periods to diagnose diseases and find out about the human body, other living things and the environment in which we live. Exhibits will include books, wax models, plaster models, instruments from different periods, plastinated models, endoscopes, ultrasound scanners or laparoscopes, as well as references to distinguished characters from these scientific disciplines.

The DNA Revolution. Human Identification. Shared Life Bases An organis's genetic code expresses how it should develop, what it is like, how it works and how it should reproduce. It is a universal language, shared by all of the living things on our planet. Each and every organism is characterised by its own unique instruction manual: the genome. Finding out about DNA and the biochemical processes which make it work is an unprecedented scientific and technological challenge which will have major effects on fields such as health and forensic genetic techniques, as well as social and ethical repercussions. Health and Disease When combined with technological developments, the knowledge that we have about the human body today means that we can replace people’s unhealthy organs through transplant operations, or use manmade devices which carry out the same tasks as natural organs. Research into new materials which adapt more successfully to the body, the development of new drugs and a better knowledge of how the human body works – all of these factors have made it possible to replace numerous different parts of the body with artificial elements. In this field, the concept of illness and the reasons why human beings become ill are very important. This part of the museum looks at medicines, vaccines, surgery and nutrition, as well as the socioeconomic factors linked to disease.

Age and Longevity It is a known fact that the life expectancy of people born in Western societies has undergone a gradual increase. This, when combined with a decrease in birth rates, has meant that the population group over 65 years of age is growing faster than any other. This increase in longevity with a higher quality of life means that we have to rethink questions such as: “what are the limits of life expectancy?” or “what are the scientific causes of ageing?”. We also need to consider the increased numbers of people suffering from handicaps related to ageing, such as blindness, deafness, etc… Biomedical Challenges. Technology

The

Future:

Health

and

We now know more than ever before about the physical, chemical and biological processes which make our bodies work, but each door that is opened leads to a whole host of new questions. Genome sequencing, especially of the human genome, and its repercussions, cloning techniques and how they can be used in medicine, a better understanding of, and treatments for, cancer, the challenges posed by neurodegenerative diseases, and advances in the biology of development and its implications are, without a doubt, some of the most important biomedical challenges which we face today.

Risk Prevention Hall 1,393 m2

This hall has its own unique identity and style. It is a fun, interactive teaching space, full of exhibits which help visitors to understand the wide range of different risks and hazards to which we are exposed. The exhibits use elements and materials which are easy for visitors to understand and get close to, such as simulators, symbols, audiovisual exhibits, etc… Visitors walk around set routes which show situations where risk agents are present. These risk agents can harm the human body if they come into contact with it, and they are grouped according to production and social sectors. Each route shows how vulnerable our bodies are in both physical and psychological terms.

One-Off Exhibits Fire: because it is also interlinked with other risk factors and is very important in both social and work settings, fire and extinguishing techniques are examined in a monographic exhibit: from its presence in the home, to its spread from workplaces to your environment. Signs and Senses: signs and senses are pillars of identification. Here you can see how effective they are, in an exhibit which shows the variety of signs that we can see, hear, smell or touch. Habits: healthy habits in life in general, and especially in the workplace, are examined here in an exhibit focusing on food, the working day, the importance of sleep or alterations in biorhythm in people who work shifts. Alcohol, tobacco and drugs are also examined.

Routes Around the Different Risk Agents Mechanical Agents: in this section, visitors of all ages have to interact with exhibits to see the consequences of incorrectly stacking or storing materials, as well as the possible cuts and injuries which can occur if you use dangerous, improvised or damaged tools. Physical Agents: noise in social or work situations is of particular note here. The European Union and the Spanish central and autonomous governments are now very concerned about the effects of noise. Other exhibits show the effects of vibrations or the various different types of radiation. Chemical Agents: these structured exhibits allow visitors to test their own ability to interpret the labels on chemical substances and find out about the different harmful effects that these substances and compounds can have on the human body. Here, visitors can use a microscope to look at these substances, which are present in the environment in the form of gases, vapours or aerosols. Workload Agent: this exhibit alerts visitors to the risks of handling loads, whether they are physical or mental, which are too heavy or difficult, or of handling them incorrectly. It also shows the consequences of sitting incorrectly or not exercising in our sedentary society. A tunnel exhibit is used to subject the mind to stress factors of mental fatigue which can be used to measure that fatigue. Psychological and Social Agents: dissatisfaction stemming from non-participative, uncreative or non-enriching work and life conditions can become a psychosocial risk – this is the theme examined in group motivational sessions which allow visitors to compare, insofar as is possible, the levels of stimulation in people who belong to well-organised organisations and groups and those who belong to poorly-organised ones.

First Aid and Rescue: practical information about first aid and rescue. The Human Body: the human body is referred to constantly throughout this hall, as it is something that we need to protect at all times. The most relevant aspects of the body, in terms of anatomical features and the senses, are also highlighted throughout. Risk Prevention and History: the exhibition includes information about important moments in history in which work has been a transforming element for mankind in any of its types. Here, the audiovisual projection room has been placed at the heart of the hall to give visitors an insight into the history of accidents, complementing the exhibits and going into them in more detail, or, if applicable, telling different groups of visitors which route they should follow around the hall. Temporary Exhibitions From historical series of protective devices or equipment, to monographic exhibits on methods for preventing a particular risk or how that risk enters our bodies: if we breathe it in, through our skin, by eating it, or any other way. In this section of the museum, international, European or national celebrations, such as “International Women’s Day”, “European Safety Week”, “International Workers’ Day” or “Schoolchildren’s Day” are used as a focus for temporary exhibitions. Each one is accompanied by activities linked to the celebration in question. Workshops In addition to these exhibits, workshops and teaching activities are also held in this hall, examining specific risks or new preventative measures. These activities are run by specialised teachers or by very important scientists working in each of the fields examined. It is also used to train teachers, helping to promote awareness of and consolidate preventative measures in many different public or private institutions. Training activities include “Preventative Courses” or “Learning to Grow Safely”.

Al-Andalus and Science Hall 2,900 m2 The Al-Andalus and Science Hall offers visitors an insight into the scientific legacy of the Moors and the different contributions made by the Andalusí civilisation. The hall’s exhibits provide an overview of the Al-Andalus period, when Spain was governed by the Moors, the scientific legacy of the Arab Muslims and their contribution to the world of science and its subsequent development. The museum resources, which include permanent and temporary exhibits, are spread over the hall’s two floors, which house the different thematic areas, teaching classrooms, bookshop and multi-purpose suite. The hall has a surface area of almost 4,500 square metres, and has been designed to encourage cultural exchanges and communication between Spain and the Arab world through new museum techniques and diverse, modern methods.

The ground floor is home to an exhibition examining Western Arab science, initially based on contributions which came from the Orient, and later joined by Persian, Indian and GreekLatin traditions. Al-Andalus became a leader in the field of science and European thinking, and classical science spread throughout Europe thanks to works translated into Arabic. The hall’s attractive exhibits give visitors an insight into the scientific achievements in certain disciplines in Al-Andalus, as well as the kingdom’s role in the development of science around the world. One of the main aims of this hall is to preserve and promote awareness of this vast heritage. Visitors can look at replicas, maps and panels to get a general overview of Andalusí science. The exhibits examine astronomy and maths – including the invention of Arabic numerals – as well as medicine, pharmacology and botany, and water and Andalusí agriculture. In this last section, visitors can find out about elements related to hydraulic engineering, such as wheels, windmills and waterwheels, as well as navigation and cartography. In addition, the hall is home to exhibits examining urban architecture: Andalusí cities, their origins and development. This section also includes an interactive scale model of 14th century Granada, when the city was a Nasrid dynasty. This floor also has an outdoor space call the “Al-Andalus Garden”, which has specimens of the plants brought to the Spanish mainland during the Andalusí period. There is an exhibit on the history of the Andalusí legacy, which offers visitors an insight into the vast historical and architectural heritage in the towns which made up this kingdom.

The first floor is home to the temporary exhibition “Qantara: Mediterranean Heritage Crossed With East and West”, which examines architecture and building styles during the long period between the arrival of Islam right up until the 19th century. Here, works of art and techniques and technical knowledge are analysed using a “cross-sectoral approach”, which shows the relationships which formed and spread around the Mediterranean. These relationships are not just between coastal Muslim countries, they also affect, in many cases, the European countries on the opposite shore. The exhibition has been organised in collaboration with the Arab World Institute (IMA) in Paris. It aims to tell visitors about the exchanges made in a geographical area around a sea which, despite the difficulties of history, built pathways between things, to create a common feeling, or even a shared identity amongst inhabitants. On the same floor, visitors can look at exhibits on the Andalusí legacy which examine the historical transcendence and meaning of the Andalusí period, with special reference to Al-Andalus, architecture and town planning, as well as the exchange of knowledge. Light exhibits, original pieces, models and audiovisual elements are used throughout the hall to help explain this legacy to visitors. Furthermore, this hall has been designed to have a global scope and reflects a commitment to promoting and informing the public about links with the Arab world and the scientific community. Other countries and institutions are also invited to participate actively in the exhibition, which strives to promote mutual cooperation and dialogue. One part of the hall is therefore devoted to different Arab countries with Mediterranean links, with the aim of promoting awareness of their cultural and scientific heritage.

Other services

servicios

• Texts in Spanish and English • Vía Láctea (Milky Way) Restaurant • Darwin Café • Library and Newspaper Library • Mediatheque • Internet Café • Teaching Area: Classrooms, Workshops, Laboratories, etc. • Scientific and Technological Heritage Restoration Workshop • 10 m Optical Planetarium Projector • 2 “Bubble” Planetariums • Specialist Shop and Book Shop • Large-format and 3D cinema • 3 Micro-Cinemas • Multipurpose Auditorium with Seating for 500 People • Conference Room for 150 People • Newsroom • 600 m2 Multi-Purpose Tent • Picnic Area • 27,000 m2 of Garden Areas • Visitors’ Car Park

SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS

ESECA Report Socioeconomic Effects of the Parque de las Ciencias SOURCES OF FINANCING FOR THE 4th PHASE: Construction When the fourth phase of construction of the Parque de las Ciencias got underway, the museum contracted the services of Andalusian economic research company ESECA. The company carried out a study to assess the social and economic effects that the Parque de las Ciencias, and particularly the fourth stage of its construction, would have on production, income and employment in Granada and throughout Andalusia as a whole. The results of the study, which was entitled “The Socioeconomic Effects of the Parque de las Ciencias on the Regional Economy”, clearly show how important the museum is, not just for the promotion of scientific knowledge nor as a tourist attraction, but as an element which helps boost the economy and creates high numbers of jobs, driving forward the economy in the province of Granada and in the region of Andalusia as a whole. In summary, the report shows that the Parque de las Ciencias has been able to give the public back some of the state investments made in its construction and development, in the form of employment, wealth, better infrastructures, etc… The study includes predictions for the economic data that the Parque de las Ciencias will generate over the next few years (up to 2015) in terms of the affluence of visitors, tourist spending, employment generated, estimated tourist production, Gross Value Added, etc… These figures may help those in charge of the Consortium and the other administrative bodies involved in the museum’s development to make informed decisions in the future. To summarise, below is a list of some of the most important facts and figures calculated by the study since the fourth phase began: • Each euro invested has a return of 5.13 euros. • The Parque de las Ciencias currently generates 200 external jobs each year (not including the jobs inside the museum itself). In 2015, this will increase to at least 628 jobs. • The maximum number of visitors to the museum up to the 3rd phase was 300,000 people per year. With the new facilities, this could increase to 650,000 visitors per year, if conditions are good. • In 2006, visitors to the museum spent 8.5 million euros in Granada. By 2015, this will increase to at least 23.5 million euros. ESECA. Sociedad de Estudios Económicos de Andalucía S. A.

NUMBER OF VISITS TO THE MUSEUM AND PLANETARIUM

Autonomous Government of Andalusia

20.000.000 €

ERDF

19.000.000 €

City Council

4.000.000 €

Provincial Council

1.900.000 €

University

800.000 €

Caja Granada

800.000 €

Caja Rural

500.000 €

47.000.000 € • Investment in construction: 47 million euros • Additional investment in equipment and content: Autonomous Government of Andalusia, 13 million euros • Land: Donated by Granada City Council • Loans from Caja Granada and Caja Rural de Granada banks These summarised figures are provisional (July 2008)

FINANCING THE ANNUAL RUNNING COSTS OF THE MUSEUM 480.817* 460.239

450.000

315.209 266.011

Autonomous Government of Andalusia 50%

373.463 374.387

365.880 367.024

350.000 300.000

404.174

401.435

400.000

Junta de Andalucía 50% Granada City Council 25%

334.848

280.021 280.328

Ayuntamiento de Granada 25% Council 9% Provincial

250.000

University of Diputación Provincial 9%Granada 5%

200.000

Caja Universidad de Granada 5%Granada 5%

150.000

Caja Rural 3% CajaGranada 5%

100.000

Caja Rural 3%

50.000 0

* Predicted number of visits up to October

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2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

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2007

2008

- Many more people, who have not been counted in this survey, use the Parque de las Ciencias services through a wide range of different activities such as conferences and courses, university placements and grant programmes, travelling exhibitions, science fairs, publications, school competitions, master’s courses, the news agency, online services, congresses, etc… - In 2007, the museum website was visited by 760,000 people, who looked at a total of more than 2.6 million pages.

CSIC 3%

- Average level of self-financing through ticket sales, shops, etc… 38 %

THE PARQUE DE LAS CIENCIAS Up to 2008

Foucault Pendulum Building

Planetarium

This is one of the most emblematic buildings in the Parque de las Ciencias complex. This was the first part of the museum and it was opened in May 1995. It houses a great deal of the museum’s content in its four permanent exhibition halls: the Biosphere, Eureka, Perception and Explora halls. The Planetarium is also located in this building. It was designed by architects Francisco Pastor and Francisco Maeso.

The Planetarium has a 10 m dome and is equipped with 120 projectors which recreate the night sky and its more than 7,000 stars. This is a real treat for astronomers these days, as it is becoming more and more difficult to see the sky so clearly in our cities.

Biosphere This hall contains exhibits related to life on Earth. Modules designed using the latest in contemporary museum technology take visitors on a journey to deepen their understanding of the planet on which we live.

Outdoor Exhibits The Parque de las Ciencias also has outdoor exhibits. This is one of the things that sets its apart from other museums, as it takes advantage of the good Andalusian weather to bring its exhibits outside, offering visitors a unique day out.

Perception This hall is linked to the world of the senses. Light and sound, and the relationship between these phenomena and the way in which we can perceive them, are the key elements studied by the modules in this hall.

Observation Tower This is one of the most emblematic pieces of architecture in the Parque de las Ciencias complex. The tower is 50 metres high and has a viewing terrace which looks out onto the nearby Mulhacén mountain – an unbeatable viewpoint over Granada.

Explora This part of the museum is aimed at visitors between 3 and 7 years of age. Exhibits have been specially designed to bring children closer to science: scales, dice, water games, sound, self-perception, etc…

Tropical Butterfly House This butterfly house, the only one of its type in southern Spain, shows visitors the entire life cycle of butterflies. It is equipped with sophisticated technology which imitates the tropical environment. Here, visitors can see plants and more than twenty different species of butterfly from these tropical regions.

Eureka This hall gives visitors the chance to experience physical phenomena and solve problems using interactive exhibits. Gyroscopes, levers, pendulums, the Venturi effect, gears…. these are just some examples of the experiments which give visitors the chance to have fun while they learn.

Astronomical Observatory This building is home to a Steavenson telescope with a 75 cm-wide mirror. This telescope was donated by the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia. The Observatory is the venue for the monthly “Nights of Astronomy” programme, and is also perfect for watching eclipses, meteor showers, etc….

Falconry

Water Games

The museum runs a workshop on bird ecology and conservation issues and how to fly and hunt with birds of prey. Educational activities are carried out using recovering species. Includes a live flying demonstration.

The mechanisms which have been invented since ancient times to transport and elevate water also have their own place in the Parque de las Ciencias.

Natural Spaces Hall RENPA Permanent exhibition created by the Ministry of the Environment of the Autonomous Government of Andalusia, on Andalusiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Protected Natural Spaces, characteristic ecosystems, flora, fauna, geology and landscapes.

Astronomy Garden This garden contains a collection of observation instruments used throughout history, as well as models designed to follow the relative movements of the Sun, the Earth, the Moon and the stars.

Botanical Walks Mental Gymnastics Tent Four spaces which show different aspects of the biology, typology and diversity of Mediterranean plants and the relationships between them, the animal world and the landscape. Visitors can see more than 300 different plant species as they follow the pathways.

A giant chess board, the Towers of Hanoi, a MĂśbius Strip, jigsaws and topological puzzles â&#x20AC;&#x201C; these are just some of the brainteasers found in the museum gardens which visitors can use to give their brains a workout.

Plant Maze Plant walk around paths and squares with different themes: water, sand and flowers.

Scientific and Technological Heritage The museum also focuses on scientific and industrial heritage, using historical pieces to show visitors the technological changes that have taken place over the last few centuries.

Aims of Parque de las Ciencias To promote scientific culture and help democratise knowledge To create a space which is open to the advances made by contemporary society To provide a venue for international exhibitions and collaborate with museums around the world To become a window which opens onto science and technological development To bring science closer to all population groups in a fun way To create facilities for ongoing learning To become an educational tool for teachers To carry out teaching activities which complement the school curriculum To promote research in the field of scientific communications To contribute to the social and cultural development of Granada and Andalusia To strengthen its position as one of the main tourist attractions in Andalusia To have the flexibility to adapt continuously to new needs, challenges and opportunities To be a space where arts, sciences and technology can live side by side To be a meeting place for people

Lorca in Space Spanish astronaut Pedro Duque took the Parque de las Ciencias Planetarium programme “Lorca’s Universe” to the International Space Station. 56