MUMBAI GOVERNANCE
BY, Ar.Laxmi Patil
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MY CITY MUMBAI
URBAN GOVERNANCE DEFINITION Urban governance refers to how government (local, regional and national) and stakeholders decide how to plan, finance and manage urban areas. It involves a continuous process of negotiation and contestation over the allocation of social and material resources and political power.
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CH.1-INTRODUCTION TO MUMBAI
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CH.2-URBANISATION TRENDS CH.2.1 GROWTH OF MUMBAI AND POPULATION CH.2.2 EVOLUTION OF MUMBAI(1961-2019)
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CH.3-URBAN GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE CH.3.1 MUMBAI REGION AND ADMISTRATIVE MAP CH.3.2 WARD MAP AND PANCHAYAT CH.3.3 CITY LEGEND
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CH.4-NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION CASE JNNURM CH.4.1 INTRODUCTION JNNURM CH.4.2 PROJECT
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CH.5-NGO’S CH.5.1 REGISTERED NGO’S IN URBAN AND ROLE IN URBAN GOVERANANCE CH.5.2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF NGO’S WITH EXAMPLE AND ROLE
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CH.6-CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTENERSHIP PROJECT IN MUMBAI CH.6.1 INTRODUCTION PPP CH.6.2 STRATERGY OF THE PROJECT FUNDING .
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REFERANCE
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CONTENTS
CONTENTS
C H A P T E R .1
INTRODUCTION
NAVI-MUMBAI
MUMBAI
MUMBAI-CITY
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Mumbai • • • •
Mumbai is state capital of Maharashtra state. Mumbai comes under Tier-1 city classification. The population is about 18.41 Million(as per census 2011) Mumbai has 3-Muncipal Corporation Authority those are,
1.Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) 2. Brihan Mumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) 3. Municipal Corporation of Greater Bombay (MCGB) • The city Spread with 232.82 sq miles/603.001032 sq.km. • The city got GDP-39. • The city has population density is 27.4 Sq.km^2.
Source: Google map
Area-232.82 sq miles Population:184.1 Lakh(2011)
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Source: Google map
Area-132.82 sq miles Population :1,119,488(2011)
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C H A P T E R .2
Source: Census-India
%-CHART
HINDU MUSLIM BUDDHIST JAIN
POPULATION TRENDS
RELIGIOUN–DATA
M U M B A I-
POPULATION
CHRISTIAN SIKH OTHERS NOT STATED
SOURCE: MMRD
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P O P U L A T I O N B Y - D I S T R I C T (1 9 0 1 – 2 0 1 1 )
SOURCE: MMRD
P O P U L A T I O N G R O W T H R A T E (1 9 0 1 – 2 0 1 1 )
M U M B A I-
G R O W T H S H A R E- D I S T R I C T (1 9 0 1 – 2 0 1 1 )
G R OW T H RA T E
G R O W T H R A T E B Y - D I S T R I C T (1 9 0 1 – 2 0 1 1 )
SOURCE: MMRD
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MA J O R C I TY C E N T E R S
SOURCE: MMRD
1992
M U M B A I-
ARBIAN SEA
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TRANSFORMATION
C I TY T RA N S F O R MA T I O N M A P (1910-1992)
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C H A P T E R .3
M U M B A I-
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
O R G A N I Z A T I O N C H A R T-MUMBAI DISTRICT
MMR-MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION MCGM-MUNCIPAL COUNCIL GOVERNANCE MUMBAI
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O R G A N I Z A T I O N C H A R T-URBAN REGION
C H A P T E R .3.1
MMRDA
URBAN LOCAL BODY
REGIONAL PLAN
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
MMRD-MUMBAI METRO REGION DEVELOPMENT SPA-SPECIAL PLANNING AUTHORITY NIDA-
SPA/NIDA
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
M U M B A I-
Metropolitan Committee
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
Urban Development Department
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DEFINATIONS
•
•
Mumbai got one cantonment bard i.e Navy Nagar area in Mumbai, India. • It was established in 1796. The area is owned and managed solely by the Indian Navy and entry to this area is highly restricted. • Entry and exit points to the area are heavily manned by Naval Police.
3.SPECIAL PLANNING AUTHORITY Special Planning Authority is comes under planning district committee and it is made for to control the special zones in City area with laws and regulations. In Mumbai it is done on Port Trust.
M U M B A I-
2.CONTONMENT BOARD A cantonment board is a civic administration body in India under control of the Ministry of Defense. The board comprises elected members besides ex-officio and nominated members as per the Cantonments Act, 2006. The term of office of a member of a board is five years.
DEFINITIONS
1. WARD A ward is a local authority area, typically used for electoral purposes. Wards are usually named after neighborhoods, thoroughfares, parishes, landmarks, geographical features and in some cases historical figures connected to the area. • The Mumbai city is divided into six administrative zones with 24 Wards, each with a Ward Office managed by a Ward Officer
4.URBAN LOCAL BODY Urban local bodies comes under municipalities. Urban local bodies means towns, cities, metropolitan areas. ... Nagar Panchayats (these are smaller towns which are in the process of transforming rural area to urban area). Mumabi is metropolitan city and with Muncipal council.
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C H A P T E R .3.2
M U M B A I-
ORGANIZATION CHART
O R G A N I Z A T I O N C H A R T-MMRD
SOURCE: MMRD
MMRD-MUMBAI METRO REGION DEVELOPMENT MUTP-METROPOLITIAN URBAN AND TOWN PLANING MC-MUNCIPAL COMMISSIONER
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WARD MAP
A D M I S T RA T IV E D IV I S I O N
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SOURCE: MMRD
4,335 sq.m
District MMR
Mumbai Suburban Thane Raigad
Corporation MMR
• • • • • • •
Mumbai Navi-Mumbai Kalyan Thane Bhinwandi Mira-Bhayander Ulhasanagar
Municipal MMR
• • • • • •
Ambenath Badlapur Alag Pen Uran Mathen Hill station Panvel
Villages Urbanization
WARDS
Total Area
M U M B A I-
The city of Mumbai is divided into 7 zones for administrative purposes, each consisting of 3 to 5 wards named alphabetically. There are 24 municipal wards in Mumbai, each headed by the Assistant Municipal Commissioner AMC (Ward Officer).There are 227 corporates or councilors in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC).
1000 94% Urban Population 6% Rural Population
Planning Authority of area that was more modest, since about 9.43% of the cited area fell under the jurisdiction of Special Planning Authorities (SPA).Three such SPA exist in Fgreater Mumbai- MMRDA, SRA, MIDC. The EDDP therefore prepared a development plan for 415.05 sq.km. Total area specified by Surveyor General is 603 sq.km., which includes territorial waters extended into sea up to 12 nautical miles measured from appropriate base line. Its maximum width is 17 km. (East to West) and length is 42 km. (North to South).
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M U M B A I-
REGIONAL MAP
REGIONAL MAP
SOURCE: MMRD
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AREA 4,335 sq.m
District MMR
Mumbai Suburban Thane Raigad
Corporation MMR
• • • • • • •
Municipal MMR
• • • • • •
Villages Urbanization
SOURCE: MMRD
Mumbai Navi-Mumbai Kalyan Thane Bhinwandi MiraBhayander Ulhasanagar Ambenath Badlapur Alag Pen Uran Mathen Hill station Panvel
C I TY L E G E N D
Total Area
M U M B A I-
C I TY L E G E N D
1000 94% Urban Population 6% Rural Population
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C O N E C T IV I TY S P I N E
U R BA N S P RAW L
Thane
Borivali M alad
Urban Sprawls
Andheri
Thane
Bombay Bombay Cotton mil Bom bay Port
SOURCE: MMRD
MUMBAI
Bandra
Bombay
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MUMBAI
METROPOLITIAN REGION
SOURCE: MMRD
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PLANNING AUTHORITIESIN
MUMBAI
MUMBAI METOPOLITIAN REGION ( M M R)
SOURCE: MMRD
MUNCIPAL COUNCIL
MUNCIPAL CORPORATION
SEA
NTCA URBAN CENTERS
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U R BA N S P RAW L
LEGENDS
BUILTUP-19681987
SOURCE: MMRD
DENSE FOREST SPARSE FOREST SCRUB LAND
AGRICULTURE
SALT PAN
COASTAL WET LAND
WATER BODY
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MUMBAI
BUILTUP-1968
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Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) was a massive city-modernisation scheme launched by the Government of India under Ministry of Urban Development. It envisaged a total investment of over $20 billion over seven years
Source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J awaharlal_Nehru_National_Urb an_Renewal_Mission
U R BA N R E N EWA L M I S S I O N
C H A P T E R .4
M U M B A I-
J N N U R M-DEFINITION
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NATIONAL MISSION
The garbage from all over city is collected and at present, the garbage is treaed at Kanjur processing side using Bio-methenation Technology and rest is disposed off at the 2 dumping sites in Deonar and Mulund by simple dumping and leveling Scientific Closure Project at Gorai has been completed and operation and maintenance of the site is in progress. Deonar dumping ground is the largest one, receiving approximately 34.05%, Kanjur receiving 31.91% & Mulund receiving 34.04% of the total garbage. Mulund and Deonar dumping ground have nearly exhausted its capacity to receive the garbage.
Source : Solid Waste Management Department of MCGM
Swaccha Bharat Mission : In response to the appeal made by Hon. Prime Minister for implementing the Clean India Mission (Swaccha Bharat Mission), various authorities under control of the State Govt and Central Govt have taken up activities to clean the City of Mumbai. MCGM being the
1 Food Waste (organic- wet) 73% 2 Wood, Cloth (organic-dry) 3% 3 Sand, Stone &Fine earth 17% 4 Plastic 3% 5 Paper and recyclables (including metals) 4% Total 100.00
M U M B A I-
The approximate quantity of solid waste generated in Mumbai is over 9400 metric tones per day (MTPD). Categories of waste that are separately collected in terms of types and quantity of waste generated i.e. Food, vegetable & fruit waste 73%, Recyclable i.e. paper, plastic, metals and glasses 10 %, inert matter 17% of the 9400 tones transported by vehicles in 3746 trips/day.
U R BA N R E N EWA L M I S S I O N
SOLID WASTE NANAGEMENT-MUMBAI
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NGO’S
C H A P T E R .5
SL.N
NGO-NAME
1.
Shri Hari Satsang Samiti-
Rural Development/ Health /Sanitation
objectives are to eradicate illiteracy, provide medical assistance and help empower rural and tribal in India. To achieve this, we provide primary health education & health facilities, training in handicrafts, horticulture, vegetable plantation, optimal use of water resources etc., and help establish direct contacts with major markets for their products.
N G O’S L I S T
2.
Women Graduate Union Women Empowerment-
vocational Training &livelihoods
Civic Issues Areas we focus on include: the empowerment and education of women, vocational skills training, scholarships, guidance on the RTI Act, soft skills training for girls, awareness and life skills education for girls and women.
3.
Habitat for Humanity Housing for the underprivileged
Affordable Housing
They are work in the area of affordable housing for the marginalized communities in India. We have helped build over 24.000 homes, sheltering 120.000 people till date.
M U M B A I-
A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION THAT OPERATES INDEPENDENTLY OF ANY GOVERNMENT, TYPICALLY ONE WHOSE PURPOSE IS TO ADDRESS A SOCIAL OR POLITICAL ISSUE.
NGO-TYPE
SERVICE
4.
Society for Education Village Action and Improvement Health
Sanitation / Disaster Management / Rural Development
They are aimed at rural development by raising awareness in education and skill development for villages. We initiate and promote co-operation among individuals, organizations and govt. agencies having similar objectives.
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NGO’S NGO-TYPE
SERVICE
Slum Rehabilitation Society (SRS)
Slum rehabilitation
NGO with the distinction of being the first to start developing principles of slum rehabilitation well before current government policies were formulated. Since 1972, SRS has been a key facilitator in Slum Rehabilitation Projects in Mumbai.
6.
National Slum Dwellers Federation (NSDF)-
Slums and informal settlements
The National Slum Dwellers Federation (NSDF), founded in the mid 1970s, is a national organization of community groups and leaders who live in slums and informal settlements across India.
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SPARC
Urban Poor
The Promotion of Area Resource Centers (SPARC) was formed in 1984 and began working with the most vulnerable and invisible of Mumbai's urban poor - the pavement dwellers.
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MAHILA MILAN
Poor Women
―Women Together" in Hindi—is a decentralized network of poor women's collectives that manage credit and savings activities in their communities.
N G O’S L I S T
5..
NGO-NAME
M U M B A I-
SL.N
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NGO- S P A R C
India has been primarily a rural country, today it is rapidly urbanizing. As Indian cities grow, the demand for housing has greatly exceeded supply, forcing the poor to create their own homes wherever they can find land. Compounding this gap in affordable housing has been the lack of inclusive city planning and development; few authorities include the poor in their development plans and often the poor are seen as an obstacle to development, rather than as participants in the development process. It is critical for organizations of the poor, city authorities and financial institutions to work in partnership to create sustainable and affordable solutions to this housing crisis. If Indian cities are to grow in a healthy or sustainable way, we must learn how to partner and engage with informality and the urban poor. The Alliance of SPARC, NSDF and MM is currently working with 750,000 households across India and has built or is building housing for over 8500 families.
Designs and Models
Wherever land is available, communities explore securing land tenure and constructing ground story unit houses. Costs are kept low by contributing local labour, looking at low-cost construction technologies and blending government subsidies with housing loans. All construction is designed, supervised and implemented by the federation and local groups. When land is scarce, communities look at multi-story housing options. Since this type of construction is more expensive, securing subsidies is essential.
M U M B A I-
The Alliance uses core processes of household savings, enumerations and exchanges to first build capacity and organization within communities. On this foundation, we engage with government to undertake housing and sanitation projects which are led by the community. All of our projects are precedent-setting, in that they demonstrate how government can successfully partner with communities on projects which can be scaled-up across cities and states so that very large numbers of the poor can benefit. Towards this end, we work in partnership with various levels of local and regional authorities, financial institutions and poor communities to explore options together. While one part of our work is to explore what is possible under existing policies and subsidies, we also work with regulatory bodies to advocate for better housing policies at the city, state and national level.
NGO
Strategies
Types of Housing Projects The Alliance engages in several types of housing projects. For slum dwellers who are able to get secure tenure for the land they are currently living on, we undertake in-situ upgrading and redevelopment projects. A recent example of this type of project is the in-situ upgrading project Yerawada, Pune. For pavement dwellers and slum dwellers who are not able to get secure land tenure where they currently are, the Alliance works to support Resettlement and Rehabilitation projects, like our recent work at Oshiwara in Mumbai.
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SOURCE: https://www.sparcindia.org/housing.php
NGO
The Alliance encourages Mahila Milan and Federation members to become active participants in the construction of their own toilet and housing projects through the innovative Community Contracting Program. Leaders who have built their managerial capacities and financial literacy by managing daily savings programs and slum enumerations can receive sub-contracts to supervise less technical construction work, such as plastering and bricklaying, in projects administered by SPARC and NSDF. By navigating the challenges that face any contractor – finding labour, competing for projects, and completing projects by set deadlines – they learn marketable skills, supplement their incomes, gain self-confidence, and improve their status as leaders in the community. Nirman now gives 30% of all project work to community contractors
NGO- S P A R C
SOURCE: https://www.sparcindia.org/housing.php
SOURCE: https://www.sparcindia.org/housing.php
M U M B A I-
Community Contractors
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M U M B A I-
Vision Plan for Mumbai’s Eastern Water Fronts SOURCE:Vision Plan for Mumbai’s Eastern Water Fronts The Port and Dock Lands of Mumbai — occupying the entire harbour-side shore of the Island City — contains docks, warehouses, ship-breaking yards, formal and informal industries and economic activities which have been a vital part of the city’s economy and history. Across the harbour, in Nhava-Sheva on the mainland, containerised shipping has eclipsed the functions of the old Mumbai Port Trust, the sole custodian of the Port and Dock Lands, and the largest landholder in Mumbai. Containerisation and regional competition by new ports has dramatically changed the historic relationships between the old port and the city, and the harbour and surrounding region. These transformations make it necessary for all those concerned with the city’s future to focus on a public strategy and planning brief for the regeneration of Port and Dock Lands within the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Earlier phases of the project (2000–2001 undertaken by KRVIA and UDRI) had mapped the built environment of the EWF according to criteria of land-use, ownership patterns, conservation and heritage values, and population and infrastructure. In the process of documentation of the precinct, different actors SOURCE:Vision Plan for Mumbai’s Eastern Water Fronts and agencies were also identified, which have a claim on the limited resources of the area, and whose different and often conflicting interests and agendas will affect any future development scenarios. This study stimulated dialogue between policy-makers, planners and scholars to develop a new planning brief and vision for the regeneration of this historically significant industrial waterfront. CRIT was approached by UDRI, which was appointed by the Task Force set up by the Government of Maharashtra to undertake conceptualization of new possibilities for the Eastern Waterfronts. CRIT involvement included formulating development strategies and policy instruments for the regeneration of the Port and Dock Lands of the Island City of Mumbai.
NGO
N G O-WATER FRONT
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P U B L I C P R IVA T E PA R T E R N S H I P
C H A P T E R .6
ANALYSIS CHART
FINANCE
M U M B A I-
Project Description To address both present and future public transportation needs, the Government of Maharashtra (GOM) through the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) has planned a 146 kilometre long rail based Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) for Mumbai. • This project is the first corridor of the proposed MRTS. The Versova Andheri Ghatkopar line shall be an elevated line with a route length of 11 kms, with 12 stations and a car depot situated at D.N. Nagar. The line will have a minimum curvature of 100 meters and minimum ground clearance of 5.5 meters. The length and width of the coaches that shall ply on the route will be 22 metres and 3.2 metres, respectively. Other technical features of the project include 25 KV AC overhead equipment, cab signalling with automatic train protection, and a maximum speed of 80 kmph with an average speed of 33 kmph. • Mumbai Metro One is going to run on a dedicated elevated corridor and shall have high levels of comfort for the passengers viz. fully air-conditioned world class coaches, provision for lifts and escalators at stations, modern automatic fare collection system and high levels of passenger security systems. • The existing sub-urban trains connect the northern and southern parts of the city. This project will provide East-West rail based connectivity to Central and Western suburbs. The total time taken for the journey from Versova to Ghatkopar would be approximately 21 minutes, as against a typical time taken of 90 minutes by other modes of transport.
PPP
•
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REFERANCES
2.Solid Waste Management Department of MCGM 3.MMRD 4.ngo+in+mumbai&oq=slum
M U M B A I-
5. Vision Plan for Mumbai’s Eastern Water Fronts
REFERNANCE
1.https://www.sparcindia.org/housing.php
THANK YOU
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