RMJM Research
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mi.loft
Preface Mi.loft is a new model for Affordable Homes. It is unique in that it combines 4 key drivers; minimum construction cost, minimum running costs, minimum build time, maximum quality. The model is suitable for use in any urban location creating 6 storey terraces which may be combined to create complex courtyard layouts. The basic module is an 18 unit block with a variable mix of apartment type from 1 to 4 bedrooms. It is suitable for family, key worker, and life time homes. It is designed with a mix of apartment types to create a rich social mix and to engender a sense of community. TONY KETTLE
Each block includes both internal and external green space. The main staircase includes a series of garden terraces with access to a rooftop vegetable garden. Renewable energy accounts for 10% of annual energy usage through use of a combination of integrated energy systems. Insulation is maximised to minimise heat loss while new window technology is utilised to maximise natural daylighting. Internal layouts are carefully planned in 3 dimensions (rather than 2 dimensional plans) in order to closely match volume with function. The result is the highest quality of living space at an affordable price. Tony Kettle Group Design Director
mi.loft
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mi.loft
Contents Introduction
Design objective Project overview
Design brief
Design diagrams Planning module Massing options Unit descriptions
Minimum cost Minimum assembly
Material outline Walls Floors Polycarbonate Structural pods Component strategies Assembly diagrams
Minimum consumption Passive design diagrams Active design strategies Appendix
Precedent studies
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mi.loft
Design objective Introduction
mi.loft
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design brief
As part of our research and development programme, RMJM are developing a series of low cost, low energy residential units that will provide the highest quality of living environment at an affordable price, both in terms of capital costs and life cycle running costs. RMJM are highly experienced in the design of residential accommodation, from luxury houses to affordable apartments. Our target here is to create an affordable apartment that has true architectural merit, instilled with the same quality of space and light as that of a much larger dwelling. We have a duty to minimise use of the earth’s limited natural resources at every stage of the design and construction process. Therefore the target is to fully integrate low energy technology to create an elegant and sophisticated aesthetic suitable for all and design an apartment that incorporates the latest thinking in energy saving technology whilst also creating a beautiful place for people to live.
cost assembly consumption
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mi.design brief
mi.cost
Mi.loft residential units are intended to be high quality, affordable, low energy family homes. They will provide ‘loft apartment’ type living space at an affordable price with low energy running costs. They are available in a variety of layouts with 1, 2, 3, or 4 bedroom apartments and can be combined in a variety of configurations to create 6 storey apartment blocks which will suit most urban locations. They have been designed by challenging every element of housing design and construction from first principles.
The build costs for mi.loft will strive to be in the region of ÂŁ700-800 per sqm and therefore compare favourably with the budget of most Housing Association projects in London. Construction costs will be reduced by using affordable and durable yet high performing materials that can be applied in ways that are both innovative and cost effective and will ensure that a high quality of finish is achieved.
mi.loft
Project overview Introduction design brief cost
The construction process for mi.loft is intended to be both fast and low-tech using simple, yet intelligently designed components that are grounded in proven technology. Wall panels, floor planks, stair/kitchen pods and bathroom pods will all be prefabricated to allow for an efficient and organized site assembly process in which delays and defects are minimized.
Every element of the construction for mi.loft, including maintenance, running costs, land use and resource consumption will be considered to reduce impact on the environment. High insulation levels, active and passive energy strategies and low energy consuming fittings will contribute towards minimising energy usage, resulting in reduced running costs when compared with similar size units. mi.loft is designed to achieve Code for Sustainable Homes level 4-6.
mi.loft
consumption
mi.consumption
assembly
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front view
1 bedroom 2 bedroom 3 bedroom rear view
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mi.loft
4 bedroom
Design Brief Introduction design brief cost assembly
The mi.loft project has been designed to suit a flexible mix of unit types which can be adjusted to suit the exact requirements of any developer. A standard configuration has been produced to suit most Housing Association requirements with 17% 4 bedroom, 44% 3 bedroom, 28% 2 bedroom, and 11% 1 bedroom apartments. A standard configuration consists of a 6 storey block with 18 apartments accessed from a single staircase, with two shared garden spaces within the internal communal stair. The homes are intended to provide a quality of environment which is likely to engender a sense of pride and respect, extending the potential life of the property.
consumption mi.loft
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Private
Storage
Stairs
Bath
Public
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Planning diagram
Public versus private
The internal planning of the units results in a very effective use of space. A shallow storage wall lines each flat which assists in both the thermal and acoustic control between residential units. Areas for deep storage and kitchen services are provided adjacent to the stair and bathroom pods and are installed as part of this component assembly. The core areas are centrally located within each unit to service both the public and private areas of the apartment. The layout is flexible and is intended to allow for changes in family lifestyle through time.
The design allows for all 2, 3 and 4 bedroom units to have double aspect accommodation. Internal layouts reflect this and position more public interior adjacent to street views, while private areas within the flat look upon rear garden amenity spaces. The dual aspect layout of most apartments provides natural surveillance, contributing to the prevention of crime and to the reduction of the fear of crime.
mi.loft
Design diagrams Introduction design brief cost
The space allocation within the units is based upon Housing Association standards, however, the quality of space is intended to be superior to most luxury apartment buildings. All 2, 3 and 4 bedroom units are set over two levels with a connecting double height volume providing a superb living space. This innovative use of space combined with variable ceiling heights maximises natural daylight and ventilation with an average daylight factor of over 8% to living areas. The space is flexible and this double height volume with an adjacent mezzanine provides different zones for a children/parent realm or a live/work space.
The traditional access staircase has been redesigned to allow for the integration of ‘garden landings’ maximising the use of natural light and providing a natural and safe meeting place for social activities. There are no long corridors or dark areas which might cause potential security risks. Additionally, communal circulation for units that are both double aspect and partially double height requires less space as access to individual units is allowed only at every other floor. This space savings will assist in minimizing service charges paid by users for upkeep of communal areas. mi.loft
consumption
Efficient communal circulation
assembly
Double height living spaces
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Planning module
The internal plan of the unit has a 3.8m clear width and is set-out along it’s length generally on a 600mm module. All primary components of the assembly will therefore coordinate with this 600mm module in an effort to minimize variation within components and simplify the construction process.
percentage of living area
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28%
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0
0
0
24 0
66
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150
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Floor to floor heights within the single story areas are compact in order to save space and partially offset the more generous volume provision within the main living areas. Single story areas allow for 2550mm floor to floor and assume a 300mm floor build up to provide 2250mm clear while double height volumes allow for 4800mm clear. This double height dimension equates to the length of two sheets of plasterboard and will help to minimze material wastage and labour associated with cutting materials.
Volumetric module
percentage of living volume
Introduction design brief
2250
37%
cost
5100
assembly
2250
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Unit mix variation
Narrow site
The standard brief can be altered to provide a varying mix of units types to suit the potential requirements of a Housing Association. The arrangement above indicates 2 four bed units, 1 three bed unit, 2 two bed units and 1 one bed unit. Other options are also feasible. This varying arrangement is provided within the same enclosure as the massing presented within the standard brief and therefore the unit provision could vary by floor within a single project if this is required by the brief.
The unit mix can be altered to suit sites of varying width. The standard brief will coordinate with sites that are approximately 25 metres wide, however, narrower sites that are approximately 20m in width could also be accommodated by employing an alternate arrangement of units.
mi.loft
1 bedroom
3 bedroom - type 1 3 bedroom - type 2 3 bedroom - type 3
Massing options
2 bedroom
4 bedroom
Introduction design brief cost
In addition to narrower sites, the general massing can be duplicated to accommodate sites that are wide in length. The standard brief will coordinate with sites that are approximately 25 metres wide, however, sites that are greater in length by a multiple of 20-25 metres can also be accommodated by employing an duplication of the basic massing module.
The basic massing module can also be duplicated in other ways to accommodate deep sites. Two 15 metre deep assemblies can be combined to create a secluded garden space between.
consumption
Deep site
assembly
Wide site
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4 bedroom unit
living room kitchen 4 bedroom 2 bath proposed area: 115 sqm
low level plan
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mi.loft
high level plan
3 bedroom unit
living room kitchen 3 bedroom 2 bath proposed area: 100 sqm
Introduction design brief cost assembly consumption
low level plan
high level plan
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2 bedroom unit
living room kitchen 2 bedroom 1 bath proposed area: 75 sqm
low level plan
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mi.loft
high level plan
1 bedroom unit
living room kitchen 1 bedroom 1 bath proposed area: 37 sqm
Introduction design brief cost assembly consumption
low level plan
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Minimum cost Introduction
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design brief
Construction costs will be reduced by using affordable and durable yet high performing materials that can be applied in ways that are both innovative and cost effective. To facilitate a more efficient use of materials in line with new Site Waste Management legislation, apartment dimensions have been considered to coordinate with standard material and component sizes - reducing virgin material waste, prefabrication will be employed for stairs, bathrooms and kitchen pods and systems have been strategised to serve multiple functions where feasible. As a result the prefabricated stair, bathroom and kitchen pods will be developed to assist in providing structural stability for the overall assembly while storage units are positioned to increase the acoustic performance of walls dividing residential units. Material systems have also been selected to minimise the need for secondary finish layers that would need to be applied on site. Components are designed to come to site ready for installation so that quality can be controlled within factory conditions, reducing snagging time on site.
cost assembly consumption
Material outline 22
Side walls
Floors
Features of panel construction include repetitive details using slender, timber stud construction braced by sheathings on both faces, good sound and thermal insulation, storey by storey assembly, and fast construction.
Proprietary prefabricated cross laminated timber floor elements. Features include low structural depth, good sound insulation, fast erection, the availability of various soffit finishes and the ease of routing building services. As proprietary products they have the benefit of already established details for load bearing capacity, sound insulation and fire resistance.
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Material outline Introduction design brief cost
Prefabricated Pods
Polycarbonate combines good insulation levels with light diffusing qualities and it is a lightweight/ cost effective alternative to double glazing.
Volumetric pods that incorporate toilets and kitchens could contain all servicing equipment. These would be manufactured off site, and this type of construction is perhaps the fastest method of on site assembly.
assembly
Enclosure
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EXternal view street level view of mi.loft
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mi.loft
Internal view Introduction
design brief
cost
assembly
consumption
axonometric view of living area
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mi.loft
Internal view view of living room from kitchen/dining
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mi.loft
Internal view Introduction
design brief
cost
assembly
consumption
view towards kitchen/dining from living area
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mi.loft
Internal view view from mezzanine bedroom towards double height living area
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mi.loft
Internal view Introduction
design brief
cost
assembly
consumption
axonometric view looking to rear of unit
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mi.loft
Minimum assembly Introduction
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design brief
The construction process is intended to be both fast and low-tech using simple, yet intelligently designed components that are grounded in proven and commonly used technology. Wall panels, floor planks, stair/kitchen pods and bathroom pods will all be prefabricated to allow for an efficient and organised site assembly process in which delays and defects are minimised. All components will be fabricated simultaneously within a factory to condense the overall period of construction and combine with an efficient site assembly process to ensure the overall period of construction is minimal. In addition, their dimensional characteristics are to be coordinated to ensure that material wastage is minimized while efficiency in transportation is maximized. The elimination of wet trades through the use of timber frame reduces air, dust and ground water pollution on site.
cost assembly consumption
2250
5100
Component strategies
0
270 0
290
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Stairs
Bathrooms
Only one stair pod needs to be fabricated to fit all units. Once fabricated, the only modification is the position of the entrance door in relation to the unit type
Once the walls and floors are assembled, the bathroom pod is craned into place and the services are plugged in.
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Component strategies Introduction
180
0
5100
design brief assembly
1800
cost
1800
1800
Storage wall: Prefab system
To speed up the installation process, the prefabricated floors and walls are craned into place and connected to each other using a grid of 1.5m.
A series of storage components are connected to each other using the same grid as the walls and floors. Once connected they read as one continuous storage wall.
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consumption
Walls & Floors
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Assembly diagrams 34
step 1 construct foundations
step 2 assemble ground level floor planks
step 3 install volumetric structural stair pods
step 4 install volumetric bathroom pods
step 5 assemble wall panels adjacent to pods
step 6 assemble remaining wall panels and floor planks in tandem
mi.loft
Assembly diagrams Introduction design brief
step 8 assemble upper level floor planks
step 9 install communal stair
step 10 repeat steps 2-9 for level 2
step 11 repeat steps 2-9 for level 3
step 12 install cladding envelope for all units and atrium stair
cost
step 7 install upper level volumetric bathroom pods
assembly consumption
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mi.loft
Minimum consumption
design brief cost assembly consumption
mi.loft
Introduction
Every element of the mi-loft, including maintenance and running costs, land use and resource consumption has been considered to holistically reduce its environmental impact. For example, the solid enclosure will provide high performing insulation and air-tightness values while the glazed enclosure balances the need for external views and passive supervision with insulation and solar gain constraints through the use of translucent polycarbonate. Passive design strategies are to be employed to maximise cross ventilation in combination with active strategies, such as the use of renewable and low carbon technologies. In addition, the dominant material within the assembly is timber, and this is a renewable material. The result is a product that minimises resource usage resulting in a reduction of running costs when compared with similar size units. The Mi-loft has been designed to achieve a minimum of level 4 of the Code for Sustainable Homes requiring all apartments to have a 44% improvement in carbon dioxide emissions compared to a building regulation compliant dwelling.
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Passive design
12 cm brickwork
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12 cm brickwork 1.5 cm phase change board
Translucent Polycarbonate
Thermal Storage Capacity
Polycarbonate sheets can vary from clear to opaque in appearance and can provide between 88-50% light transmission. When used within the external envelope it can effectively balance concerns for solar gain with natural daylight. In addition a U-value can be obtained that exceeds that of double glazing yet is lightweight by comparison to assist in ease of assembly.
Mi-loft is proposing to use 15 mm thick Micronal速 PCM gypsum wallboard, giving a thermal storage capacity identical to that of a 90 mm concrete or 120 mm brickwork wall. This offers the benefits of a high thermal mass material in a modern and lightweight construction. It is intended that it will assist in maintaining the indoor air temperature at a constant level.
mi.loft
Passive design Introduction design brief cost
High level ventilation
The dual aspect apartment facilitates natural cross ventilation and provides cooling in periods of high temperature as a means to conserve energy.
Double height living spaces provide potential for good air flow and high level natural ventilation in apartments - further contributing to cooling in periods of high temperatures and conserving energy use overall.
assembly
Cross ventilation
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ACTIVE design 40
Energy Reduction
Renewable and Low Emission Technologies
With the design of a well insulated building envelope, balancing the benefits of solar gain in winter, avoiding excessive heat gain in summer and maximising natural daylight penetration deep into the plan, the mi-loft minimises energy demand from the outset. From this starting point internal fixtures and fittings will be specified to be low energy. For example, internal light fittings will have a luminous efficacy greater than 40 lumens per circuit watt, external light fittings will have a maximum wattage of 150W with daylight control/movement detection and white goods will have EU energy ratings of A or A+.
Of the reduced total energy demand, at least 15% would be supplied by renewable and low emission technologies. The technologies employed would be chosen for each specific site taking into account site conditions, supply chain and planning issues. The following Low and Zero Carbon Emission Technologies may be considered; Solar Hot Water, Biomass boilers/ stoves or community heating, Combined Heat & Power for use with the following fuels; natural gas, biomass, sewerage gas & other biogases, community heating or ground source heat pumps (GSHP).
mi.loft
Active design Introduction design brief
Aerated shower head (CSIRO)
Mi-loft will exceed the minimum performance standards required by the English Building Regulations Part E for sound insulation by targeting a sound reduction performance of 8db higher for airborne noise and 8db lower for impact noise. This is achieved through the internal apartment arrangement with storage walls as acoustic buffers to habitable rooms and by the use of the Robust Details.
The Mi-loft is fitted with a water meter to monitor consumption. Internal water consumption is reduced through the specification of low water consuming fittings; 4.5/3l dual flush WC, aerated taps (3-4 litres/min max flow) and showers (6-8litres/min max flow) and small bath tub. Rainwater is collected for toilet flushing, greatly reducing potable water consumption and associated costs, surface water run off and the risk of localised flooding during peak storm events.
mi.loft
consumption
Water Consumption assembly
Acoustic comfort
cost
Dual flush button (toilet)
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mi.loft
Research and Precedents As part of our research and development programme, RMJM are developing a series of low cost, low energy residential units that will provide the highest quality of living environment at an affordable price, both in terms of capital costs, and life cycle running costs. RMJM are highly experienced in the design of residential accommodation, from luxury houses to affordable apartments. Our target here is to create an affordable apartment that has true architectural merit, instilled with the same quality of space and light as that of a much larger dwelling. We have a duty to minimise use of the earth’s limited natural resources at every stage of the design and construction process. Our challenge is to design an apartment incorporating the latest thinking in energy saving technology whilst also creating a beautiful place for people to live
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aSSEMBLY STRATEGIES
plug-in
kisho kurokawa nakagin capsule tower, 1970 - 140 prefabricated capsules attached to the core, each 8.75m2 - units are fastened via 4 tension bolts allowing them to be detachable/ interchangeable/ recyclable - units were to be allowed to be connected to accomodate families
material system
moshe safdie habitat 67, 1967 - 354 prefabricated units - each 55m2 in size - the apartments can be composed of one or several units; 158 apartments were provided - as a result of the importance of providing natural light/ open space the density of the development is equal to that of terraced housing.
in-situ concrete volumes were factory manufactured, delivered to site and lifted into place
walls were the primary method of force translation and led to material innefficienies
primary forces were transferred back to the core, each unit was fastened with 4 bolts
every unit is provided with a garden on the roofspace below
each unit was independent and exposed to exterior on all sides
structural logic
in situ concrete volumes, cast on site, 1 unit type was recombined in 16 different ways
stacking method
HISTORICAL pRECEDENTS:
stacking
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mi.loft
unit orientation
chamberlin, powell and bon willoughby house - barbican; 1969 - 148 flats over 6 levels - the design of the double aspect flats allows all living areas to look east over the internal gardens and pond - all bedrooms to look west to the less desireable views of the city
orientation
double aspect flats are provided that allows all living spaces to face the internal gardens
allows for space efficiency as 1 corridor is provided for every 2 floors
the design allows for space efficiency as 2 corridors are provided for every 3 floors
spatial arrangement
double aspect flats bias internal spatial arrangements over site specific views
3.66m two interlocking units provide double height living spaces adjacent to a terrace
3.3m
1.83m 1.83m
4.9m
2.2m 1.8m
3.35m
plan configuration
5.8m
24m
the split level configuration accommodates a central corridor within a double aspect flat
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HISTORICAL pRECEDENTS:
le corbusier unite d’habitation, 1947 - 15 residential floors providing 337 apartments - designed to accommodate a minimal dwelling space of 14m2 per person - each building has a direct east/west orientation - four basic spatial modules are provided to accomodate 23 different floor plan types
vOLUMETRIC ORGANIZATION
spatial variation
COMPONENT CUSTOMIZATION
volumetric
richard rogers zip-up house _ 1968 - a basic palette of components allowed for a simplistic variation of responses to suit owner/site requirements - components can be added/ subtracted over time to suit evolving requirements
assembly
konrad wachsman,walter gropius packaged house _ 1941-1952 - 10 panels types could be recombined using universal connections - the specificity of the design strategy did not allow for the inclusion of components from other sources - panels did not conform to standard plywood sizes therefore material waste contributed to higher construction costs
assembly options were limited to adding/subtracting components; internal layouts were flexible
the universal component solution required extensive upfront investment in manufacturing
the simplicity of the component assembly suggested it was economically viable
the upfont investment led to a universal component solution that allowed for minimal formal variation
the complete assembly allowed for simplistic variations to suit user and site demands
component
a finite number of panel types could be recombined to suit site and user requirements
customization
HISTORICAL pRECEDENTS:
panelized
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mi.loft
structure : independent
structure : composite
structure
an aluminium cladding panel is clipped to a cable system that is hung from a central mast
the independent structure allows infill panels to be interchangeable to suit internal needs
the configuration of the interior is a derivation of the formal implications of the structure
implications
a lightweight steel frame is erected and enclosed with a varied assembly of infill panels
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HISTORICAL pRECEDENTS:
buckyminster fuller dymaxion house _ 1929 - the tension cables and aluminium cladding panels comprise a composite structural system - the required interdependence of components for the structure results in an efficient and light assembly, however, limits options for surface or formal variability
INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
charles and ray eames eames house _ 1949 - the independence and self- sufficiency of the steel frame allows the infill panels to be simple and lightweight - panels can be interchangeable to suit the needs of a particular site or design - the simple palette of components allows for an efficient process of assembly
PREFABRICATION STRATEGIES
flat pack
richard rogers _ 60,000 house - the formal configuration is flexible in terms of orientation and area - internal layouts are span free to provide flexibility - the serviced spaces are standardized throughout all units while the remainder of the space is treated as a flexible shell - add-on elements may soon be provided (i.e. balconies, canopies, etc.)
assembly
cartwright pickard _ murray grove - 30 flats are provided and are composed of 74 modules. - single bedrooms are made up of two 8x3.2m modules and two bedroom units are comprised of three modules - the modules were manufactured by a company specialising in budget hotels and fast food restaurants - the building was erected in 10 days
dimensions for steel framed boxes equaled hotel rooms to coordinate with existing production lines
flat-pack panels are prefabricated off-site, craned into place. a complete assembly takes 31 days
each module was delivered to site, stacked and covered with a terra cotta clip-on rainscreen
although components are simple, up to 10 variations to the design can be accommodated
fabrication
LOW COST PRECEDENTS:
volumetric
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mi.loft
detached housing
terraced housing
building diagram
a CHP plant provides most of the energy demand and is assisted by PV panels facing south
18% of the external surface is glazing, 25%-30% is typical in uk
triple story conservatories face south; a wind powered ventilation system provides fresh air
solar strategies
a wind catcher at the roof brings in light/cool air, photovoltaics provide 4.7kW of electricity
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LOW ENERGY PRECEDENTS:
bill dunster bedzed _ 2002 - five terraces of housing all face south and have triple story conservatories to maximise light - the enclosure is superinsu- lated to achieve a U value of .11W/m2k. triple glazing is pro vided at windows. central heating is not provided. - materials are local/recycled/ reclaimed with a low embodied energy
DESIGN STRATEGIES
shepard robson kingspan lighthouse _ 2007 - achieves a code for sustainable homes rating of 6 - 46m2 of photovoltaics has been provided - 4m2 of solar panels has been provided to supply hot water and electricity - highly insulated walls provide a U value of .11W/m2k - biomass boiler for hot water
the design is compact and car free. It’s streetscape is intended to foster social interaction
ground level views
50
4.4m
5.0m
8.5m
detailed views
4.0m
- 15% 1 bedroom - 80% 2 bedroom - 2.5% 3 bedroom - 2.5% 4 bedroom - ecohomes rating - very good
mi.loft
all units have there own front door and access to private outdoor space
5.0m
8.5m
1-3 LEVELS
- the development provides 35 flats and houses - density - 111 dwellings per hectare - 75% private ownership and 25% social rent
plan arrangement
UK PRECEDENTS:
donnybrook quarter : peter barber
settle street mews : spaced out architercture studio
4.5m
5.5m
5.5m
1.5m
5.5m
5m
4.5m
6.0m
9.0m
5.5m
2.5m typical plan of flat
plan arrangement
9.0m
2.0m
- open plan living/dinning - outdoor amenity spaces provided for most units - roof terraces to all top units
typical plans for house
detailed views
general views
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UK PRECEDENTS:
4.5m
1-3 LEVELS
- the development provides 5 houses & 6 flats - 45% 2 bedroom houses - 36% 2 bedroom flats - 18% 1 bedroom flats
3-6 LEVELS
- the development provides 12 flats of approximately 80sqm - each flat provides 2 bedrooms with a shared bathroom
4.2m
detailed views
3.0m 3.4m 3.0m
4.2m
each unit has a large corner window allowing for views of the industrial landscape to the south
plan arrangement
UK PRECEDENTS:
silvertown : niall mclaughlin architects
general views
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mi.loft
- all living spaces are located to the south to maximize daylight
wansey street : drmm
- 42% 1 bedroom - 29% 2 bedroom - 29% 3 bedroom - ecohomes rating - excellent - all units look onto communal south facing garden
massing strategy
3 bedroom flats are arranged over two levels and wrap the smaller 2 bedroom flats. this allows all larger units to have a double aspect
detailed views
general views
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UK PRECEDENTS:
3-6 LEVELS
- construction costs were 4.7 million gbp - density - 1124 dwellings per hectare - 39% private ownership, 22% shared ownership and 39% social rent
3.20m
3.20m
each unit is provided with a small balcony
the development is built above a refurbished library and it’s roof provides and outdoor garden linking to two blocks
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mi.loft
2.70m
4.10m
3.00m
4.70m
6.30m
detailed views
3.50m
- 100% private ownership - 76% 1 bedroom - 22% 2 bedroom - 2% 3 bedroom - all units look onto a communal south facing garden
6.30m
6-10 LEVELS
- construction costs were 38 million gbp. the first phase of development provided 246 units - density - 324 dwellings per hectare
plan arrangement
UK PRECEDENTS:
barking central : allford hall monaghan morris
O central : spacecraft
- 75% private ownership, 15% shared ownership and 10% social rent - 53.5% 1 bedroom - 35% 2 bedroom - 11% 3 bedroom - .5% 4 bedroom
3.4m
5.0m
3.0m
6.0m
2.5m 2.5m
2.5m 2.2m
3.3m
plan arrangement
3.4m
2.5m
4.0m
3.2m
4.0m
4.2m
2.3m
3.5m
2.0m 3.0m
9.0m
units either look onto a communal garden or train tracks
detailed views
higher level units are provided with a loft space
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UK PRECEDENTS:
6-10 LEVELS
- construction costs were 22 million gbp. the first phase of development provided 202 units - density - 311m dwellings per hectare
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mi.loft
NIGHT VIEW 57
mi.loft
ROOF OPTIONS
mi.allotments
option 1 for roof gardens, top view
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mi.loft
ROOF OPTIONS
mi.allotments
option 1 for roof gardens, eyelevel view mi.loft
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CONTACTS North America New York 275 Seventh Avenue, 24th Floor New York, New York 10001-6708 United States of America T +1 212 629 4100 F +1 212 629 4487 E info@rmjmhillier.com
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Colin Bone Business Development Director RMJM 10 Bells Brae Edinburgh EH4 3BJ M (44) 7920 007 358 D (44) 0131 260 3893 T (44) 0131 225 2532 F (44) 0131 226 5117 E c.bone@rmjm.com
Tony Kettle Group Design Director RMJM 10 Bells Brae Edinburgh EH4 3BJ D (44) 0131 260 3841 T (44) 0131 225 2532 F (44) 0131 226 5117 E tk@rmjm.com
Princeton 500 Alexander Park Princeton, New Jersey 08543-6395 United States of America T +1 609 452 8888 F +1 609 452 8332 E info@rmjmhillier.com
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