Thesis on Multi-Faith Spirituality Retreat

DESIGN THESIS 2021-2022

MULTI-FAITH SPIRITUALITY RETREAT

PAVANA SHAILI MADHEMSETTY 17041AA087

SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE 86, Madhapur, Hi-Tech City Road, Hyderabad 500 081

DESIGN THESIS

on MULTI-FAITH SPIRITUALITY RETREAT prepared by

PAVANA SHAILI MADHEMSETTY 17041AA087 under the guidance of PROF. AR. MANJUSHA is submitted for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE by Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University for the year 2021-2022

SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE 86, Madhapur, Hi-Tech City Road, Hyderabad 500 081

SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE 86, Madhapur, Hi-Tech City Road, Hyderabad 500 081

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this Design thesis, Multi-Faith Spirituality Retreat carried out by Miss / Mr. M. Pavana Shaili, Roll No. 17041AA087, currently in Fifth Year B.Arch., in the academic year 2021-2022, in partial

fulfillment for the award of the Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture from Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, is his/her bonafide work to the best of our knowledge, and may be placed before the Examination Board for its consideration.

THESIS GUIDE

THESIS CO-ORDINATOR

Prof. Krupa Waghray EXTERNAL EXAMINER

PRINCIPAL

Prof. Kamini Singh

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to sincerely thank my thesis guide Prof. _____________, for the immeasurable guidance and support he/she has rendered upon me throughout the thesis program. I am very grateful to him/her for having confidence in my vision and constantly pushing me towards it.

I would also like to express my gratitude to our thesis coordinator, Prof. Krupa Waghray for organizing the entire thesis program. I would also like to thank Ar. Samar Ramachandra for having helped me navigate through my thesis. I would also like to express great appreciation to the faculty at Sri Venkateshwara College of Architecture for guiding me through the last four years, allowing me to present a work such as this. I cannot begin to express my gratitude and appreciation for my friends for the criticism and support they have shown for my work.

Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family, my parents for supporting me throughout the project.

MULTI-FAITH SPIRITUALITY RETREAT - Aligning spirit with architecture

T H E S I S 2 0 2 1 2 0 2 2

F I N A L R E P O R T

THE SEVEN CHAKRAS INDEX

INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS

LITERATURE DETAIL STUDY

DATA COLLECTION AND STANDARDS

DESKTOP STUDIES AND CASE STUDIES

COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS AND AREA PROGRAM

SITE ANALYSIS AND FEASIBILITY

DESIGN CONCEPT, DEVELOPMENT AND ZONING

CHAPTER - 1

INTRODUCTION AND SYNOPSIS

WHY A SPIRITUAL RETREAT? (JUSTIFICATION)

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India is the country which has a high demand on spiritual activities.

The pandemic has even given an extra effort in addressing the importance of spiritual wellness.

Developing such centers would help people around the globe in current and every situation

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INTRODUCTION ●

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The body, mind and spirit are one. If the body is peaceful in its built environment, then so will the mind and spirit.

By studying the working of mind and spirit, and how to design to appeal to a person’s subconscious, an innovative way of healing can be discovered.

This has been proven with the factors such as exposure to nature, physical activities, use of colours, light.

Integration with all these factors my thesis aims to expose humans in a facility with:-

"Architecture as an enabler for developing spiritual health by acknowledging, resonating and connecting with the environment around (open and built).”

BACKGROUND STUDY • • •

• •

The meaning of a spiritual retreat can be different for different religious communities.

Spiritual retreats are an integral part of many Hindu, Jewish, Buddhist, Christian and Sufi communities.

In Hinduism and Buddhism, meditative retreats are seen by some as an intimate way of deepening powers of concentration and insight.

Retreats are also popular in Christian churches, and were established in today's form by St. Ignatius of Loyola(1491–1556), in his Spiritual Exercises. Ignatius was later to be made patron saint of spiritual retreats by Pope Pius XI in 1922.

Meditative retreats are an important practice in Sufism, the mystical path of Islam.

The Sufi teacher is a guide to the inner journey that was published over 700 years ago.

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TYPES OF RETREAT BUDDISM •

A retreat can either be a time of solitude or a community experience.

Some retreats are held in silence, and on others there may be a great deal of conversation, depending on the understanding and accepted practices of the host facility and/or the participant(s).

Retreats are often conducted at rural or remote locations, either privately, or at a retreat Centre such as a monastery.

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CHRISTIANITY •

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The Christian retreat can be defined most simply as a definite time (from a few hours in length to a month) spent away from one's normal life for the purpose of reconnecting, usually in prayer, with God. Although the practice of leaving one's everyday life to connect on a deeper level with God, be that in the, or in a monastery, is nearly as old as Christianity itself, the practice of spending a specific time away with God is a more modern phenomenon.

SUFI • •

•

In Sufi terminology, khalwa is the act of total self-abandonment in desire for the Divine Presence.

In complete seclusion, the Sufi continuously repeats the name of God as a highest form of remembrance of God meditation.

Ibn Arabi suggested: "The Sufi should shut his door against the world for forty days and occupy himself with remembrance of Allah, that is to keep repeating, "Allah, Allah.

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NEED OF A SPIRITUAL RETREAT There is a growing body of evidence indicating that spiritual practices are associated with better health and wellbeing for many reasons.

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For generations, people have gone on spiritual retreats to encounter God and experience spiritual renewal.

Retreats remove us from noise and distraction, and into a place of spiritual refreshing and renewing. It is a way of entering into the presence of God, and allowing him to nourish our soul.

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NEED AND ACTIVITIES OF A SPIRITUAL RETREAT Contemplative practices are activities that guide you to direct your attention to a specific focus—often an inward-looking reflection or concentration on a specific sensation or concept. Many spiritual traditions have a long history of using contemplative practices to increase compassion, empathy, and attention, as well as quiet the mind.

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Meditation can induce feelings of calm and clear-headedness as well as improve concentration and attention. Brain researcher Richard Davidson’s research shows that meditation increases the brain’s gray matter density, which can reduce sensitivity to pain, enhance your immune system, help you regulate difficult emotions, and relieve stress.

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Prayer may elicit the relaxation response, along with feelings of hope, gratitude, and compassion—all of which have a positive effect on overall wellbeing. There are several types of prayer, many of which are rooted in the belief that there is a higher power that has some level of influence over your life.

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Yoga is a centuries-old spiritual practice that aims to create a sense of union within the practitioner through physical postures, ethical behaviors, and breath expansion. The systematic practice of yoga has been found to reduce inflammation and stress, decrease depression and anxiety, lower blood pressure, and increase feelings of wellbeing.

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Journaling is another, often overlooked, contemplative practice that can help you become more aware of your inner life and feel more connected to your experience and the world around you. Studies show that writing during difficult times may help you find meaning in life’s challenges and become more resilient in the face of obstacles.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVES

AIM

To design a centre in connection with surrounding nature which facilitates in developing and healing the body, mind and spirit of people and also helps in achieving inner peace.

STUDY OBJECTIVES:-

STUDY OBJECTIVE

• Understanding the functioning and user behaviour of different spaces in the spiritual retreat .

• Analysis of different zones and designing in accordance to varied zones like pubilc, private etc.

• Understanding the user usage of space for different activities and the multi-use of spaces.

• To identify their deficits and understand the role played by architectural elements in their intervention.

• To understand environmental implications on the people and the user group.

• To study the importance of spiritual health on Covid patients

DESIGN OBJECTIVES:● ●

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To enhance a design program that would be beneficial and useful for all the religions and age groups.

Understanding spaces for multi uses and activities and desigining accordingly to the user behaviour.

A design that would satify and provide all the amenities for users visiting from various places.

DESIGN OBJECTIVE

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To provide spaces for multi-faith visitors and users.

To comeup with an overall design that would be a mixture of open, semi-open and closed spaces and will satify the needs of different users.

To provide a solution on achieving spiritual energy by combining the built environment with the nature.

To provide special attention for the mental and physical health revival through design of spaces.

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SCOPE ● ● ●

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The building will be an attempt to create the spirit of place rather than a concrete enclosure.

Architecture is an enabler for better spiritual health rather than being the focus of attraction.

The architecture would also explore the philosophies and science of pyramid energy and would try to integrate the same.

Different types of spaces based on different Chakras would be explored: group spaces, solitary spaces, recreational and therapy spaces.

Meditation and yoga spaces

Therapy spaces

Accommo dation and admin

Amphitheat re and book stalls

Arts and crafts arena

Journaling spaces

Workshop and meeting areas

Healing gardens

LIMITATIONS ● ●

The building should be beneficial only on a spiritual and healing basis.

Much attention to be précised for the building design and spaces in correlation and also emphasizing on the site selection excluding the landscape and structural and service details.

METHADOLOGY

Thesis topic selection and synopsis.

(Selection of a reliable topic and making a detailed synopsis)

Literature and Data Collection: A brief study of the history and background of the topic and also understanding different spatial requirements and needs.

Desktop studies and Case studies Studying the design of pre-existing structures and buildings and making a comparative analysis and incorporating in own design program.

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Selection of site and Analysis Selection of a suitable site for the development and making a detail study of the site context and its surroundings.

Site zoning and Concept evolution Zoning of site on basis of surroundings and various contexts. Developing an overall innovative concept for the design program.

Design Developing the spatial design satisfying all needs and then making details of same

Making 3d views and model Visualizing the 2D design into 3d views and then making a working 3d model.

DESKTOP AND CASE STUDIES

Auroville, Pondicherry

Osho International resort Pune

Pyramid Valley, Bangalore

The art of living Centre Bangalore

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Kanchi Shantivanam, Hyderabad

Shreyas yoga retreat Bangalore

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ACTIVITIES AND SPACES THAT CAN BE PROPOSED IN A SPIRITUAL RETREAT

OAT for music and theatre Yoga and exercise spaces Exhibit area and book stalls Meditation and prayer spaces

Admin and Administration

Spiritual workshop Arena Arts and Crafts arena

Restaurant and Cafeteria

Library and Journaling spaces

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CHAPTER - 2

LITERATURE AND STUDY ON ACTIVITIES

DETAIL STUDY ON ACTIVITIES MEDITATION Meditation is a practice where an individual uses a technique – such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity – to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state.

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Meditation is practiced in numerous religious traditions. The earliest records of meditation (dhyana) are found in the ancient Hindu texts known as the Vedas, and meditation plays a salient role in the contemplative repertoire of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Since the 19th century, Asian meditative techniques have spread to other cultures where they have also found application in non-spiritual contexts, such as business and health.

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TYPES OF MEDITATION

VISUALISATION MEDITATION

MINDFULNESS MEDITATION

SOUND HEALING MEDITATION

MANTRA MEDITATION

VIPASANNA

GUIDED

MEDITATION

MEDITATION

BENEFITS OF MEDITATION

PHYSICAL SPIRITUAL

Opens psychic channels initiates ascension process connection to soul self maintains energy health connection to source energy

Reduces stress. Better information processing, reduces memory loss, reduces blood pressure and reduces inflammation.

MENTAL

EMOTIONAL

Reduces anxiety, lifts depression.

Helps with insomnia, calms a stressed mind and improves sense of well-being.

Increases kindness, increases positivity, promotes self-love, promotes universal love and improves ability to let go.

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SOLO AND GROUP/GUIDED MEDITATION SOLO MEDITATION • • •

It is type of meditation in which a single person meditates for himself/herself privately and peacefully.

In this type of meditation a person is not guided.

This meditation is mainly done by professional meditators.

GUIDED MEDITATION • • •

It is type of meditation a group of people, gather at a same place and meditate.

In this type of meditation a person is guided.

This meditation can be done by both beginners and professional meditators.

GUIDED MEDITATION vs SOLO MEDITATION

“Meditation with a group is easier than meditating alone.”

Group meditation frees you from fear.

Can help you find time for meditation.

If you are struggling to define a proper time and Group meditation can help you understand the process of meditation. You will be able to place to meditate, group meditation will help you form a schedule and manage all your other question openly and freely from your peers or your tutor and clarify your doubts. tasks around it.

Improves your focus.

Relieves you from stress and anxiety.

Meditating in a group can be an excellent way to Group meditation can be a wonderful way to sharpen your focus and block distractions when reduce stress and anxiety. It calms the nervous you need to. The vibration of the group chants system and lowers production of the stressresonates throughout your body, helps you do related hormones such as cortisol. It also helps away with anxiety and stress, thereby helping you relax by lowering your blood pressure and you concentrate better. heart rate.

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BENEFITS OF GUIDED MEDITATION

Help you learn the basic of meditation

Allow you to focus on a voice, music or something else

Make it easier to get into the habit of meditation

Can be tailored to suit your needs on any given day

Work especially well for those who battle to sit still

BENEFITS OF SOLO MEDITATION

Can be done anywhere, at any time with no apps needed

Help you deepen your practice as you learn how to sit

Give you more freedom to design your own meditation

Allow you to focus on your own breath and mantras

Work well for those who can sit still for longer periods

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THE 7 CHAKRAS OF MEDITATION Color: White

Connection to universe Element: Light Seat of intuition Consciousness. Dreaming

Body system: Nervous system CROWN CHAKRA

Color: Violet Body system:

Inner knowing Element: Earth

Middle of foreheadsensory system THIRD EYE CHAKRA

Seat of wisdom Creativity, Resonance Truth Element:- Air

Color: Blue Body system: Throat vocal system THROAT CHAKRA

Color: Green and pink Body system:

Seat of love Balance, Compassion

Cardiovascular and pulmonary

Element: Love HEART CHAKRA

Place of vitality Balance, Compassion

Color: Yellow Body system: Upper abdomen, digestive

Element: Fire SOLAR PLEXUS CHAKRA

Place of sacred creation Fluidity, Relaxation

Color: Orange Body system: Reproductive

Peace Element: Water SACRAL CHAKRA

Seat of grounding

Color: Red Body system: Muscular- Skeletal and Excretory

Safe, nourishment, love, Rooting Element: Earth ROOT CHAKRA

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MEDITATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ARCHITECTURE Basic elements for meditation

Natural light

Minimal furniture

In order to project an image of calm and peacefulness during meditation, utilizing natural light is the main element

A meditation space is supposed to be a place to relax from the clutter of the mind and from the demands of the outside world.

Traces of nature

To promote the natural feeling of a meditation area, trying to incorporate some bits of nature into the space will be a great idea.

Pillows or mats

These are more of a practical requirement for the comfortableness during the meditation process.

Soundtrack of soothing music

Preferring some music during practice of mindfulness, helps efficiently during specified forms of meditation.

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SPIRITUAL MEDITATION A few examples of spiritual meditation in major religious traditions include:• Hindu japa mala and mantra meditation • Sufi dhikr or remembrance of God • Jewish kabbalistic practices • Loving-kindness or metta meditation in Buddhism • Marananussati bhavana or reflection on one’s mortality in Theravada Buddhism • Zazen meditation in Zen Buddhism • trance states in Shamanistic traditions • Christian contemplative prayer “A spiritual meditation is a meditation practice you partake in with the desire to connect with a higher power, the Universe, God, your Highest Self, etc.,”

Analysis of heart rate before and after meditation

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YOGA Yoga is the physical, mental and spiritual practices which originated in ancient India with a view to attain a state of permanent peace of mind in order to experience one’s true self.

ORIGIN:• Yoga is the stilling of the changing states of mind.

• The origins are mostly from the pre-Vedic.

In Vedic Sanskrit, the meaning of word Yoga is “to add”, “to join”, “to unite” or “to attach”.

PURPOSE :The ultimate goal of Yoga is Moksha (liberation) through the exact definition of what form this takes depends on the philosophical or theological system with which it is conjugated.

HISTORY OF YOGA

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PRE CLASSICAL :-

1. THE VEDAS :An ancient and earliest known recording of yogic teachings and is the origin of Vedic Yoga

Bhagvad-Gita is written and contains written references to yoga.

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3 CLASSICAL :Yoga-Sutras by Patanjali were the first systematic recording of yoga as a practice.

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POST CLASSICAL :-

MODERN :Yoga becomes gradually and increasingly popular and spreads to the west.

During this time, teaching yoga evolved from oral tradition to more standardized teachings.

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TYPES OF YOGA

BIKRAM YOGA

A

This type of yoga is often practiced in a hot and humid environment where the temperature is about 40.6 degree Celsius.

HATHA YOGA

The main purpose of this form of yoga is that it introduces beginners to yoga with the basic asanas and relaxation techniques.

B

VINYASA YOGA

C

The reason why Vinyasa yoga is different from all other forms of yoga is that it includes postures as well as breathing techniques.

KUNDALINI YOGA

This yoga introduces you to your inner soul. There are about 7 types of yoga chakras included in kundalini yoga.

D

ANUSARA YOGA

E

This form of yoga is known as the most spiritual forms of yoga than any other types. It focusses on your inner self, mind and soul.

BENEFITS OF YOGA

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YOGA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ARCHITECTURE Basic elements for yoga

Calm colors Use of calm colors will result in a feeling of relax and calmness. Cool and invigorating colors like green and white are excellent.

Mirror Using mirrors in a yoga space can help in improving yoga postures.

Mirrors can also create a illusion of bigger space and gives a feeling of openness and peacefulness

Soft lighting It makes a feeling of calmness and peacefulness and can help to enter into a deeper yoga state of min. Natural light is best, artificial soft lights will do.

Surface Typology of surface is hard, soft or grass should be selected according to the yoga type.

Accessories Props like yoga mat, towel, straps and sandbag will ease the process sometimes.

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JOURNALING • •

Journaling is the act of keeping a record of your personal thoughts, feelings, insights, and more.

It can be written, drawn, or typed.

Journaling is another, often overlooked, contemplative practice that can help you become more aware of your inner life and feel more connected to your experience and the world around you.

JOURNALING CAN HELP IN:-

Manage anxiety

Reduce stress

Cope with depression

JOURNALING HELPS IN CONTROLLING SYMPTOMS AND IMROVE MOOD BY:-

Helping to prioritize problems, fears and concerns.

Tracking any symptoms day-today so that you can recognize triggers and learn ways to better control them.

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Providing an opportunity for positive self-talk and identifying negative thoughts and behaviors.

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MUSIC FOR MENTAL HEALTH Music therapy is the use of music and its elements with a patient or a group of people in a process destinated to make communication, learning or expression easier and also to promote it.

Reduce stress and anxiety Improves immune functioning

Decreases pain

BENEFITS OF MUSIC Motivates to exercise more.

Lowers blood pressure Enhance blood vessel functioning

Improves sleep quality It strengthens heartbeat

Boosts memory

BENEFITS OF MUSIC Improves recovery in patients.

It makes to feel happier Helps in eating less

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EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

SMELL

SOUND

Pleasant aromas, reduces blood pressure, slow respiration and lower pain perception levels.

Natural sounds, calming effect, improves sleep and work quality.

Music relaxes the mind .

FRESH AIR TEMPERA-TURE

Natural ventilationregulates indoor temperature.

LIGHT

Defining a space, dramatic lighting for creating sense of spirituality.

Fresh air is beneficial to the mental health.

Natural air improves indoor air quality.

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLEXITY

Variation in environment reduced depression levels, stimulate positive response.

COLOUR THERAPY Warm, vital loosens, opens up clogs, releases stiffness and constrictions

Cooling, electric, sedative effect

Relieving repressions, sense of relief

Cooling, electric, sedative effect

Mental inspiration and stimulation, strengthen the nerves and mind

Freeing and purifying effect

Heating and soothing effect

Balance and harmony

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ANALYSIS OF BUILT FORMS OF EXISTING SPIRITUAL RETREATS •

The spiritual retreats all around the world are basically monumental in style.

They are either domical or pyramidal in structure.

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SHAMBALA MOUNTAIN CENTRE, USA

OSHO SPIRITUAL RESORT, PUNE

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AUROVILLE, PONDICHERRY

The monumental style of the spiritual retreats is to signify or represent the sacral architecture.

The other reason behind this is that these domical or pyramidal structures engage people in meditation and help in providing more focus and concentration.

ROLLING MEADOWS SPIRITUAL RETREAT, MEXICO

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THE ART OF LIVING CENTRE, BANGLORE

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FORM OF BUILT PYRAMIDS: ENERGY AMPLIFIERS • Meditating or just taking a nap under a pyramid helps synchronize the seven chakras of the body .

• The pyramid energy helps to improve the concentration and focus of the body, mind and soul.

• The very shape of the pyramid is an amplifies-receiver or resonator of various kinds of energy fields like electro-magnetic waves, cosmic rays, electrical discharges, gravitational waves et.

• Surrounding our planet there are in the air around and within the pyramid.

• Inside the pyramid, the received energies, interact with one another and are the highest at the point 1/3 of the height of the pyramid from its base.

BENEFITS OF PYRAMID ENERGY

Induce relaxation and restorative sleep.

Rejuvenation effect to living cells

Increases psychic powers and altered states of mind.

Preserves food and makes them taste better

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BUILT SPACES IN THE RETREAT ADMIN AREA

ADMIN AT OSHO

• The admis area includes a reception and customer care desk to help people to chose their course.

• They can get the chance of knowing the different courses through guides there and deciding what to chose.

YOGA AND MEDITATION SPACES

Meditation and yoga spaces can be either large halls for a big crowd and they can be a single cottage or semi open space for solo meditation.

SINGLE COTTAGE LIKE PAGODA

LARGE MEDITATION HALL EITHER DOMICAL OR PYRAMIDAL

OAT AND AUDITORIUM OAT and theatre for open workshops, bhajans, kirtans, sermons and several other conferences and discussions

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DINING AND RESTAURANTS A common dining hall for all the members and restaurants, cafeterias at the required spaces.

• Dining can be designed both in closed and semi open spaces for natural and peaceful ambience.

• Cafeterias to be designed at minimum and required spaces for ease usage.

ACCOMODATION

• Accommodation can be designed according to different range of classes and comforts.

• The stay rooms can be for a group of people like the sharing rooms, individual rooms or they can be luxury cottages for family and couples.

LIBRARY AND BOOK STALLS Book stalls selling varied types of sacred books, journals, magazines and other stuff.

• Library space for residents to gain knowledge on by reading books, magazines etc.

• The space can also be used for journaling .

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CHAPTER - 3

DATA COLLECTION AND STANDARDS

DATA COLLECTION YOGA AND MEDITATION SPACES 1.

Spaces

Although each practice may require specific characteristics, most take place in a large open central space, accompanied by a set of support rooms.

2.

• • •

Main Room This is the central space of the building where people gather for practice, and generally is a free plan, flexible and adaptable to different uses.

Standard measure of yoga mat:- 1.70x6.0 meters.

Distance between mats :- 50cm for free movement of users during exercises.

• Some of these rooms have a small platform or elevated area where the instructor or guide of the session is located.

• It is good to add shelves or countertops where people can leave their 'tools' during the class (water bottles, towels, blankets, slippers).

• Usually, the room can have mirrors on one or more walls, but this depends on the needs and the taste of the client.

Bathrooms / Dressing Rooms •

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Not all centers include dressing rooms, but its better to provide such spaces and it can be included in bathrooms by providing more space.

Providing washing and storage area with lockers, shelves and benches.

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Circulation Circulations gain great importance in this kind of projects, because not only can function as corridors or hallways, but also can contain storage spaces, waiting and resting areas, or even a reception Acoustics •

• •

There is a belief that these spaces must be completely silent, but precisely the idea of these disciplines is to be developed in spite of the ambient noise.

In fact, in many cases, it is recommended to fully perform in exteriors, as many sounds of nature can help a better realization of different practices.

In the case of closed rooms, these sounds (and even smells) can be integrated by incorporating indoor courtyards or gardens that attract birds, including moving water, and/or allow the flow of the wind.

Ventilation

• •

This is a fundamental issue in these practices, since they all use breath as the basis for its development.

It is important to allow cross ventilation across the room, making sure that there is a certain current renew of oxygen inside, during the session or at the times when the room is not being occupied.

Illumination The light allows to qualify environmentally the space and can help to lead the intension of the practice being done. In the case of yoga, direct connection to the sun is essential in many of their exercises. That's why we should always favor natural lighting, and is necessary, to incorporate systems to regulate their intensity, allowing darken the room completely if necessary.

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AUDITORIUM OR THEATRE •

• • •

A room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances at venues such as theatres.

Requirements to consider in a auditorium are acoustical, illumination, doors, communication, and safety measures etc.

Provide carpet in the aisles and forward area, a hardwood floor on the stage, in front of the main curtain, softwood elsewhere.

Provide sound shaping devices as required for proper acoustics in the auditorium.

Fluorescent house system, stage lighting system, with means of lowering the fixtures for service.

PROPORTIONS OF AUDITORIUM :• • • •

Obtained from spectator’s psychological perception & viewing angle as well as the good view from all seats.

Good view without head movement, but slight eye movement of about 30 degree .

Good view with slight head movement and slight eye movement approx. 600. Maximum perception angle without head movement is about 110 degrees.

With full head and shoulder movement, a perception field of 360o is possible

ELEVATION OF SEATING:

• Obtained from lines of vision.

• Since spectators sit in gaps, only every second row requires full sight elevation (12cm).

• Rows of spectator should be formed in a circular segment with respect to the stage, not just for better alignment but also to achieve better mutual perception

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OPEN AIR THEATRE • • • •

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Selection of site is a critical point.

Topographical, meteorological and acoustical properties should be taken into consideration.

Slope of seating should not be less than 12 degrees, for better audibility n visibility Noise level should not exceed 40 decibel the size should be fixed in relation to the number of audience required to be seated.

The floor area of the hall including gangways (excluding the stage) should be calculated on the basis of 0 .6 to 0.9 m2 per person. The height of the hall is determined by such considerations as ventilation, presence (or absence) of balcony and the type of performance.

The average height may vary from 6 m for small halls to 7: 5 m for large halls.

Ceiling may be flat but it is preferable to provide a slight increase in the height near the center of hall.

The volume per person required to be provided should normally range between 3-5 to 5: 5 m3.

STAGES

•

Stage forms: full stage, small stage & set areas full stage: more than 100m2 of stage area. Stage ceiling more than 1m above top of proscenium arch.

•

Small stage: area no more than 100m2, no stage extension (secondary stages), stage ceiling not more than 1m above top of proscenium.

•

Set areas: raised acting areas in rooms without ceiling projections.

•

Stage proportions are developed from the lines of vision from the auditorium. The stage area is the playing area plus the walkways (around the back of stage) and working areas.

•

Stage ventilation: means should be provided for ventilating smoke and hot gases resulting from fire on the stage e.g.Provision of haystack lantern light or fire ventilator sited in highest point in roof over stage and as near to center of stage as is reasonably practicable. An additional fresh air inlet may prove effective

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GALLERY OR EXHIBITION HALL The main concerns of museums & art galleries are collecting, documenting, preserving, researching, interpreting and exhibiting some form of material evidence.

• Each group of pictures in art gallery should have a separate room & each picture a wall to itself, which means small rooms.

• The normal human angle of vision starts 27degree up from eye level.

• 3-5m2 hanging surface per picture, 6-10m2 ground surface per sculpture & 1m2 cabinet space per 400 coins.

• A sill height of 2.13m for pictures and a viewing range of 3- 3.65m for sculpture

INSTALLATION OF LIGHTING

CIRCULATION

WELL LIT PICTURES SHOULD BE HUNG 10M AWAY WITH TOP NOT MORE THAN 4.9M ABOVE EYE LEVEL

FIELD OF VISION, HEIGHT SIZE AND DISTANCE

GALLERY PASSAGE

CROSS SECTION

SLIDING STEEL MESH FRAMES ON WHICH PICTURES CAN BE HUNG AS DESIRED & BE AVAILABLE FOR STUDY

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EXHIBITION ROOM WITH SIDE LIGHTING

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LIBRARY A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.

DINING AND RESTAURANTS • • • •

•

Restaurant should be planned so that variety of seating arrangements can be achieved.

Table size will influenced by patron comfort and efficient utilization of space.

The present standard height of table is mostly about 760mm with chair seat height of455 to 460mm.

General thumb rule for deciding the area of restaurant per seat in sq. Feet- table service club restaurant (15 to 18 sq. ft./ Person), in table service dinning room has been estimated as 20% of total capacity.

Cafeterias from 12 to 18%.

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LODGING ROOMS Lodging is a place for sleeping that often accommodates more than one person : bedroom we have one lodging-room with two single beds.

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LODGING ROOMS

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LODGING ROOM AND DORMITORY LAYOUTS

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CHAPTER - 4

DESKTOP STUDIES AND CASE STUDIES

DESKTOP STUDY - 1 OSHO INTERNATIONAL MEDITATION RESORT PUNE - A wellness experience of a lifetime

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OSHO INTERNATIONAL MEDITATION RESORT, PUNE LOCATION

•

• • PUNE

The resort is located in pune, Maharashtra in India.

It is located at 120kms from South- Mumbai.

It is one of the world’s largest meditation center designed by Hafeez Contractor.

MAHARASTRA PUNE JUNCTION 5KM AWAY

ACCESIBILITY • •

• •

Pune is a well- equipped city with all modes of transport systems.

The resort is just 7km from the Pune Airport.

There are Central Bank and Meera Nagar park bus stops near to the resort..

The resort can also be reached by Train, which is just 5Km away from the place.

PUNE AIRPORT 7KM AWAY

CLIMATE

•

• •

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Pune has a tropical wet and dry climate with the characteristics of hot-semi arid climate.

Average temperatures ranging from 19 to 33 degree Celsius.

Annual rainfall:722mm

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SITE SURROUNDINGS AND CONTEXT

•

•

The resort is surrounded by commercial zone and thick and dense landscape providing a suitable and comfortable environment for the people residing there.

There is also a river near to it.

SITE HISTORY

2003

• •

2006

•

2008

2014 The resort was found in 1975.

Through the years, the surroundings have been developed and urbanization has grown to the pace.

There is growth of commercial spaces observed in turn reducing the landscape and green spaces.

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2018

2020

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TOPOGRAPHY • • •

The resort is located in Koregaon park, Pune.

Elevation of the area:- 556m above mean sea level.

Longitude:- 73.89, Latitude:- 18.53

INTRODUCTION • • •

•

The resort is extended over 40 acre of a tropical oasis in nature.

This ashram is considered as a high class life with thousands of visitors annually.

The center has become a prime attraction for visitors who are interested in the preaching's and ideologies of Osho.

Pune was the birthplace of the movement led by Rajneesh Chandra Mohan Jain Osho who propagated the teachings and philosophy of one’s sexuality and spirituality.

SPACES AROUND

Mirdad Pyramid for meditation and workshops

Residential bock with 60 rooms

Tennis court

Informative plaza to enquire information

Auditorium

Swimming Pool

Multiversity

Zen garden

Bistro

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SITE PLAN

•

• •

The site has two entries, one main for the services which has kitchen, dining facilities..

The entrance directs to the administration and then to the meditation halls, auditoriums etc.

The left part of the site includes private spaces like pool, shower spaces, kitchen etc.

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LAND USE

• •

This is to show the land use patterns.

The total plot area is 14.5 Acres excluding the park area.

Total plot area:- 14.5 Acres (excluding park)

• • • •

•

Chart showing percentage of land use •

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Built up space:- 2.46 Acres Green spaces:- 8.7 Acres Hardscape:- 2.61 Acres Water Bodies:- 0.72 Acres

More percentage of space is given for the green areas so as to provide a suitable environment and ambience for the meditation resort.

Built space is given a minimum required percentage of space.

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ZONING

•

Public space:-

- Welcome Centre, Library and enquiry

•

Semi-public space:-

- Rooms, Cafeterias, meditation halls, therapy, pool, gardens etc.

•

Semi- public

Private

Public

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Private space:-

- Services, offices, IT blocks, Admin blocks, Storage, Publishing department, Kitchen etc.

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MOVEMENT PATTERN

MATERIALS • • • • •

Entrance

Pool

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Black marble which is sound proof and thermally insulating.

Concrete flooring.

Brick walls.

Wooden seating Tiles, Glass etc.

Auditorium

Restaurant

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ARCHITECTURE STYLE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS •

The Osho international meditation resort has a contemporary architecture style.

It has been designed to respond to the context and the environmental conditions on site.

The pyramid-shape structure reveals the mysticism beyond what is seen to the human eye.

• •

•

The pyramid is a geometrical shape with proportion and order.

But the design signifies hidden truth and symbols. This pyramidal shape structures are also appropriate for the rainwater flow.

•

THE ZEN GARDEN

• • • •

The garden is expanding over five hectares. It is designed as the elegant style of the Japanese garden.

The park has a landscape architecture that comprises swimming lagoon, rock gardens, wooden pathways and artificial waterfalls that enhance the spiritual environment.

It is accessible to people and is used for spiritual practices.

The garden is minimalistic with clean lines and is welcomed by the staff to the quiet and peaceful ambience.

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THE MEDITATION HALL AND ROOMS •

• • • •

•

The meditation hall is twentyeight meters high with sound proofing and air conditioned system.

Lighting is in a multidimensional arrangement.

The rooms are designed with simplicity but of high quality.

In winter it is freezing inside with air conditioning system There are no television or phones on site so that the focus that begins on the meditation hall is continued through the spaces.

The accommodation is simple in the guesthouse and provides minimum privacy to the residents.

SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS • • •

• •

The Osho Meditation Centre is an ideal place for spiritual development, rejuvenation and relaxation.

It frees the individual from the daily tensions of life .

There are visitors from around hundred countries in the world staying at the ashram each with a different objective.

The various activities provided allow people to engage socially, culturally and spiritually.

Socially, the institution is is aid to be the world’s largest in carrying out meditation and personal development activities.

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SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS • •

The subjects include body work and awareness, creativity, esoteric sciences, meditation and transformative work as visioned by Osho.

The place is filled with vibration transmitted to followers during meditation.

• •

There is an eatery at the pool side.

In addition, restaurants and discos are the main night life in the centre itself.

• It is referred to as Zorba, the Buddha - Which means that “Man can become the Buddha but no the contrary as the Buddha is the holiness itself.”

“Spirituality does not restrict enjoyment at all, but instead allows man to became aware when performing activities.”

•

Asian

•

OSHO

West

Local

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Osho advocates freedom which is precious and highest value to which there is nothing more supreme .

The visitors are not only devotees but also young people seeking something spiritual in life who are interested to experience and open-minded.

OSHO is mixture of Asian, West and local cultures.

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ACTIVITIES IN OSHO Meditation and yoga

Therapies

Multiversity activities

Workshops

Dining

Tennis and games

Nature walking in the park

Pool therapies

Spa and sauna Therapies

Bar activities

Jacuzzi

Gym and exercise areas

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PROGRAMS IN OSHO

MULTIVERSITY PLUS (30 DAYS)

MEDITATION PLUS (14 DAYS)

It is a 30-day program with full day meditation courses and also includes night activities, spa ,bar and the multiversity courses etc.

It is a 14-day program with multiversity courses, full day meditation and also includes the night activities, spa, bar , tennis courts and open air classes.

A WEEK WITHIN (7 DAYS) It is a 7-day program with multiversity activities for 3 days and then full day course meditation classes and other activities including spa, bar, tennis courts, open air classes etc.

ZEN LIVING (7/14/30 DAYS) This 7-30 day program is a self and flexible program where a resident can explore the meditation resort in his own pace.

CREATIVE LIVING (First time participants) This is a 7-day program where a resident is given to spend 6 hours in meditation daily and the other two hours can be spent in work or play.

The site is appropriately designed and planned for different zones.

P R O S

The resort has distinguished spaces and activities.

The versatile programs and spaces give the visitor give an opportunity to experience many things.

WORK AS MEDITATION This program is a an extension of the creative living program. If a resident is interested in continuing the creative living program, then he/she can choose this program.

The resort concentrates on activities other than spiritual which can deviate a person.

The use of materials and its maintenance is a bit costlier.

C O N S

The site has many spaces that are solitary and have serene ambience.

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SCHEDULE IN OSHO

6:00 AM

OSHO DYNAMIC MEDITATION A five- stage meditation consisting of deep breathing, catharsis grounding and silence, celebration

8:00 AM

MORNING AUDIO MEDITATION A type of meditation with low mystic music in the background.

9:30 AM

10:45 AM

DIFFERENT MEDITATION A different kind of meditation everyday. It may be Nataraj Meditation, Mandala Meditation, Chakra breathing Meditation, Laughter Meditation etc.

OSHO VIPASANNA MEDITATION

12 PM

DIFFERENT MEDITATION

3:00 PM

OSHO NADABRAHMA MEDITATION

4:15 PM

OSHO KUNDALINI MEDITATION

A healing and centering meditation that involves humming and soft moments.

A four part meditation including vigorous shaking of body, celebrative dance and silent witnessing.

EVENING MEDITATION MEETING High-energy dance followed by sitting with intermittent music, and continuing with a Osho video

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6:40 PM

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DESKTOP STUDY - 2 VAJRASANA BUDDHIST RETREAT UNITED KINGDOM - The exquisite building for meditation

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VAJRASANA BUDDHIST RETREAT, UNITED KINGDOM LOCATION

•

• •

WALSHAM LE WILLOWS, BURY SAINT EDMUNDS

•

The retreat is located in Walsham Le Willows, Bury Saint Edmunds in UK It is at the Potash farm in Suffolk countryside.

It was designed by Walters and Cohen architects.

Area:- 1355 meter square.

UNITED KINGDOM ACCESIBILITY 6 MIN

• • • •

The Walsham Le Willows is reached by bus and train easily.

The nearest bus station is Grove road 7min away from the place.

The nearest Railway stations are Elmswell and Thurston.

The retreat is located on the country side far from the city ambience, any person can reach the retreat through bus or train and then by cabs.

14 MIN

CLIMATE

• • • • •

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The Walsham Le Willows in UK has a Cold climate.

The area has snow days most of the year.

Maximum temperature- 22 degree Celsius.

Minimum temperature:- 1 degree Celsius.

Annual mean rainfall:- 35mm

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SITE SURROUNDINGS AND CONTEXT • • •

•

The retreat is located in a very isolated zone.

The retreat has farm lands in the surroundings on all the four sides.

These surroundings create a peaceful ambience for the residents and visitors which is very crucial for a spiritual retreat.

Set in a rural area of natural beauty, the new building is sensitive to its surroundings

SITE HISTORY

1999

2018

2007

2020 • •

•

The retreat was completed in the year 2016.

Previously the site had s small Buddhist centre which was later again developed as a spiritual Buddhist centre.

The surroundings of the site remained unchanged from the past years.

2015

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TOPOGRAPHY

The area where retreat is located 60 meters above the sea level.

The topography of the area is almost similar throughout.

INTRODUCTION •

Set in a rural area of natural beauty, the new building is sensitive to its surroundings and, as such, the design follows the Buddhist principle of 'doing the least harm', by minimizing the impact on the environment, and building on the footprint of existing outbuildings.

This has been achieved by Walters & Cohen working closely with environmental engineers Skelly and Couch, and through the use of simple materials that provide a balance between modesty and reverence for the spiritual aspects of the centre, the shrine room and associated courtyards.

•

• •

•

In 2013 Walters & Cohen won a competition run by the London Buddhist Centre to redesign Vajrasana Buddhist Retreat Centre in Suffolk.

The LBC's ambitions were to increase capacity from 34 to 60 people, create a new shrine room and improve accessibility.

The retreat's many guests include Buddhists, carers on respite, and those dealing with stress, addiction and anxiety

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SITE PLAN

• • • •

The site includes car parking space for the visitors.

The site has a plant room, workshops space and existing farmhouse/staff headquarters.

The site has newly constructed buildings for the retreat as it is a redesigned space.

The site is surrounded and planted with vast landscape and has wide range of trees and shrubs.

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SITE ZONING

LEGEND

Public zone It includes car parking space

Semi-private zone It includes the retreat space, halls and stay

Private zone It includes staff quarters

LAND USE • • • •

The built up area is 1455 meter square.

The remaining site area is fully filled with dense landscape and courtyards.

The retreat also has beautiful courtyards and the built spaces surrounding them.

More emphasis is given to the courtyards and the landscape as it would be a great advantage for using such space for meditation, yoga and also help in creating a serene ambience.

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SPACE PLANNING

•

•

•

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The built spaces is faced and surrounded to the courtyards.

The space includes shrine room, Multipurpose room, dining and kitchen areas.

It also includes staff residence and courtyards.

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SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONS

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ARCHITECTURE STYLE • •

•

•

The retreat's many guests include Buddhists, carers on respite, and those dealing with stress, addiction and anxiety.

The client's vision was for a serene, beautiful centre that improves health and wellbeing, and enhances the spiritual life of the community.

This is achieved with the scale and quality of the new buildings: simple materials and local techniques create a balance between a modest architecture and reverence of the spiritual spaces.

Integration with the landscape is fundamental to the aesthetic and sense of serenity and contemplation.

SPACE PLANNING •

•

•

•

Vajrasana is a beautiful and unique building, made from simple materials that create perfect conditions for being on retreat.

The buildings are wrapped around a sequence of courtyards that form a transition between the communal areas for eating and sleeping, and the large spacious shrine room.

The buildings are fully integrated into the landscape and create an atmosphere of reflective contemplation. It has a capacity for 60 people with the bedrooms split up into simple and elegant separate ‘pods’, arranged around a stunning open garden courtyard.

The shrine room complex is a sequence of external courtyards and internal spaces that promote depth and perspective and lead to the heart of the centre which is the shrine room – a dynamic and tranquil sacred space.

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CONCEPT

•

•

•

The concept of the retreat was to redesign a first Buddhist Centre which deals in healing with stress, anxiety and other mental issues.

The idea was to design the built form around the courtyards providing a suitable ambience and to use the very natural and simple materials that blend with the surrounding landscape.

The idea of designing the block brick walls was to let in good light and create varied patterns on the floor

ACTIVITIES IN VAJRASANA RETREAT

MEDITATION AND PRAYER

DINING

ACCOMODATION

YOGA AND TEACHINGS

WALKING AND EXCERSING

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MATERIALS USED The past and the present are captured in the collection of buildings on the site, with Victorian tiles and parquet flooring unearthed in the original farmhouse, and simple materials such as plywood and painted blockwork used by the architects to create bedroom “pods” and communal living and dining areas arranged around a community (Sangha) courtyard.

VICTORIAN TILES

PLYWO-OD CEILINGS

BRICK WALLS

•

• PAINTED BLOCK-WORK, TIMBER

PARQUET FLOORI-NG

SIMPLE TIMBER

PAINTED BLOCKWORK

The bedrooms are furnished with simple timber bed frames and plywood ceilings; the pitched roofs provide a sense of space and light.

Crisply detailed walkways contain the Sangha courtyard, from which guests catch a glimpse of the tranquil courtyards through perforated brick walls that separate the communal from the ceremonial.

BLOCK WORK, PARAQUET FLOOR

TIMBER BED FRAMES AND PLYWOOD CEILING BRICK WALLS , WOODEN

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MEDITATION SPACE • • •

The meditation hall can have a capacity of 60.

The space has a large buddha statue at the center which helps in focusing.

The hall has wooden flooring and block windows on the top of the wall which directly lets in sunlight and ventilation into the space which increases concentration.

DINING SPACE • • • • •

The dining hall has a capacity of 60 people.

The dining has a large kitchen and storge area attached.

The hall has a pitched roof.

Pithed roofs in such areas would be an advantage in letting down the snow and rainfall.

The hall has a number of group tables.

COURTYARDS The courtyards at the centre have spaces for walking and relaxation.

•

The landscape area can be used for meditation, yoga, teaching classes and other activities.

LODGING

• • •

There are types of accommodation rooms ranging from single luxury rooms to group stay rooms.

The rooms have an attached toilet.

The rooms have concrete flooring and plywood ceilings.

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LOUNGE •

•

The entry of the retreat was opened to a large lounge with seating spaces where people could discuss on their programs, stay and activities there.

The lounge space can also act as a space for journaling, discussions, relaxing etc.

GARDEN • • •

The garden and the landscape area is used for meditation, yoga and exercise spaces.

It can also be used for open discussions, workshops, teachings and journaling.

The garden space gives a refreshing and relieving experience to the visitors.

STUPA COURTYARD • • • •

P R O S

The retreat has a large white stone stupa at the centre with seating around.

This space is mainly used for morning meditation.

The stupa helps a person in focusing and concentrating.

The openness of the space at the morning is a bliss for the meditatore.

The retreat is a design that blends beautifully with the surroundings .

The retreat accommodates a very low capacity.

The retreat has more open and semi-open spaces.

More distinguishes spaces and activities are not provided.

The simple and natural materials enhance the quality of space.

More emphasis is given for meditation and landscape.

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C O N S

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CASE STUDY-1 MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE, PONDICHERRY - The soul of the city

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MATRIMANDIR IN AUROVILLE, PONDICHERRY LOCATION

• • • •

The center is located at Auroville in Pondicherry.

It is located 151km away from Chennai.

It was designed by Roger Anger and Mirra Alfasa Area:- 9 Hectares

Pondicherry ACCESIBILITY

• • • •

Pondicherry is a well- equipped union territory with all modes of transport systems.

10km The Centre is just 1okm away from Pondicherry airport.

There are many bus stops in Matrimandir Pondicherry which directly guide to the Auroville’s visitor centre.

The Centre can also be reached by Train, which is 14Km away from the place.

14km

CLIMATE

• • • •

Pondicherry has a tropical wet and dry climate similar to that of coastal Tamil Nadu.

Maximum temperature:- 37 degree celsius.

Minimum temperature:- 21 degree celsius.

Average rainfall:- 1335mm

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TOPOGRAPHY

It is included in the subhumid tropics and situated on a plateau region with its maximum elevation of 32 m (105 ft) above sea level located in the Matrimandir area.

SITE SURROUNDINGS AND CONTEXT

The site is located in a semiurban context . The surroundings of the Matrimandir is surrounded with dense landscape and vast green gardens and cottages.

The area is also served with small eateries and shopping centres.

SITE HISTORY AND EVOLUTION

2002

The site as observed from the past years has been the same.

Only a little urbanization can be observed through the surroundings where many eateries and hostels were built.

2005

2014

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INTRODUCTION

•

•

•

Auroville is to be a universal town where men and women of all countries are able to live in peace and progressive harmony above all creeds, all politics and all nationalities.

The purpose of Auroville is to realise human unity.

Auroville is a universal township in the making for a population of up to 50,000 people from around the world.

Auroville has its origins in the French language, "Aurore" meaning dawn and "Ville" meaning city.

Additionally, it is named after Sri Aurobindo (1872– 1950).

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INTRODUCTION TO MATRIMANDIR •

• • •

The Matrimandir is an edifice of spiritual significance for practitioners of Integral yoga, in the center of Auroville established by The Mother of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram.

It is called soul of the city and is situated in a large open space called Peace.

Matrimandir does not belong to any particular religion or section.

At matrimandir there are no images, no organized meditations, no flowers, no incense, no religion and no religious forms.

The Matrimandir will be the soul of Auroville.

The sooner the soul is there, the better it will be for everybody and especially for the Aurovilians.

A place...for trying to find one's consciousness.

It is like the Force, the central Force of Auroville, the cohesive Force of Auroville.

•

•

•

Roger Anger

Designed by French architect Roger Anger, Matrimandir - literally, "the dwelling place of the Mother" - is situated in the heart of a universal city - Auroville, about 12 kilometers from Pondicherry in India.

It was designed in 1968, the construction started in 1971 and completed in 2008 after a protracted period of 37 years.

During the last one decade, the temple has emerged as a top destination for meditation and has a footfall of around one million persons per annum.

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HISTORY OF MATRIMANDIR •

At the center of her town, there would be a “Park of Unity” and that, in this park, there would be something called at first a “Pavilion of Truth”, or “Pavilion of Love”, or “Pavilion of the Mother”. Eventually named as Pavilion “Matrimandir”, which she translated in English as “The Mother’s Shrine”.

Model approved in February 1971

•

The “Park of Unity” would consist of twelve gardens representing the “twelve attributes of the Mother” and that eventually the Matrimandir and its Park of Unity would be surrounded by a Lake.

•

Matrimandir is dedicated to the Universal Mother, a Presence or being that has been experienced and worshiped, under different names, in most cultures of the world since time immemorial.

•

The ancient Egyptians named her ‘Isis’, the Incas ‘Pachamama’, the Japanese ‘Kwannon’, the Hindus ‘Aditi’, the Catholics identified her with ‘Virgin Mary’, etc.

Matrimandir isn’t dedicated to any particular emanation or incarnation of the Mother. Sri Aurobindo explains below the difference he makes between the “universal” or “cosmic” Mother and the “individual” Mothers.

Existence, Consciousness, Bliss, Light, Life, Power, Wealth, Utility, Progress, Youth, Harmony, Perfection.

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SITE ZONING

Total sire area:- 9 Hectares

Semi- private zone •

• •

Semi- private zone includes all the twelve gardens and the vast green space around the Matrimandir.

This zone is accessible to all the people who visit the matrimandir.

The zone is vast and spread out around the private zone serving all the spaces.

Private zone •

•

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Private zone include the main Matrimandir which is the supernatural space used for both meditation and yoga.

The zone also includes the large spherical amphitheater which is a multi-usage space used for events, festivals and celebrations.

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SITE ZONING

Total sire area:- 9 Hectares

Built space

• Gardens

Water body

Other open areas and roads

•

The core central matrimandir has main viewing point to the south.

The core is mainly surrounded by the eight principal gardens and a amphitheater which is used for multipurpose.

LAND USE PERCENTILE

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DETAILED PLAN

Meditation rooms in the petals 1. Sincerity 2. Humility 3. Gratitude 4. Perseverance 5. Aspiration 6. Receptivity 7. Progress 8. Courage 9. Goodness 10. Generosity 11. Equality 12. Peace

Gardens A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

Existence Consciousness Bliss Light Life Power Wealth

H. I. J. K. L.

Utility Progress Youth Harmony Perfection

Matrimandir Area:- 1017sq.m Amphitheater area :- 2500 sq.m

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MATRIMANDIR FLOOR PLAN (THE MIND MATRIX)

Matrimandir Area:- 1017sq.m

•

•

•

• • • •

The dimensions of the Inner Chamber match exactly the proportions of the Great Pyramid.

The conclusion is that the Matrimandir is a spherical analog of the Great Pyramid both geometrically and functionally.

It, like pyramidal structures all over the world create a great vortex that conducts subtle energy into the earth.

Modern science has found that there is a relationship between energy and form.

Pyramids, for example conform vortexes of measurable magnetic force.

Other shapes have different energetics.

The energy is in the angle.

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SECTION AND DETAILS

Inner Chamber

Crystal Sphere

24m diameter 15.20 m height at centre 8.65m height of walls 8.65m column height 0.70m diameter 36m diameter 29.0m height

Petals

At 6.50m height extending to a 49m radius

Ground level

00 at junction of pillar+first slab

Bottom pond

At 7.30 bottom below ground

Foundation At 9.0m below ground level

Section model

Detailed section

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The matrimandir has two levels which are connected by spiral and ramps and these spaces are used for meditation.

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CONCEPT AND THEORY OF MATRIMANDIR

• •

•

The architect represented the Matrimandir as the meeting point between matter's aspiration arising from below and the Divine Grace descending from above.

The Divine Grace is represented by a ray of sunlight which it reflected by a heliostat and beams through the Matrimandir from top to bottom.

Ray of light

The Matrimandir itself represents the combined effect of the Divine Grace and of matter's aspiration resulting in the new – Supramental – consciousness emerging from matter (the ground), breaking the crust of the earth and creating in the process two crater-like shapes (a large one followed by a smaller one) and ripples all around (shapes of the garden plots).

•

What emerges is a golden supramental sun whose light radiates in all directions (symbolically its 12 rays are represented by 12 radial pathways which break through first and second craters and other ripples).

•

This radiating sun represents the new consciousness which emerges to illumine the earth with its new Light.

It is gold because gold is the color of the Supramental.

•

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STRUCTURE

•

• •

The principal load carrying members of the superstructure are the four pairs of sickle-shaped, 38m high reinforced concrete piers.

Each pair of piers is 2.1m wide.

Their thickness is 40cm above ground level and varies from 40cm to 70cm below.

Chamber structure & steel structure of the twin spiral ramps

Four set of pillars • •

Up to Chamber level

Up to the top

First came the foundations and the four pairs of piers supporting the entire structure.

The four pairs of ribs were then completed; they are extensions of the four piers and are joined by ring beams at 1st & 2nd level, Chamber floor level and at the top.

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Construction crane in place and space frame completed • •

• •

The prefabricated concrete beams were lifted into place, each weighing half a ton.

Altogether they form the space-frame which gives the Matrimandir its spherical shape and supports its outer shell and inner „skin‟.

These beams were cast in Matrimandir workshop and then hoisted to their exact position and secured.

The nodes‟ which join six beams together were cast in-situ using „lost‟ ferrocement shuttering

Space-frame seen from inside

•

Ferrocement triangles being installed to create the Matrimandir’s outer shell

•

The outer shell consists of ferrocement triangles (with a hole at their centre to install a porthole), which were prefabricated in a workshop, lifted in place and then grouted.

A membrane was then applied to the whole surface to waterproof it but, 10 years later, it had to be entirely removed and re-applied when it was discovered that it was not adhering anymore to the surface.

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OUTER FACE •

The Matrimandir is a flattened sphere (supported by four pillars) which is 29 m high and has a diameter of 36 m.

Its vertical section is an oval, an ancient Tantric shape called “Shalagrama”, which symbolizes the unity of creation.

•

•

This flattened sphere is covered with some 1,400 golden discs to give the image of a radiating golden Supramental sun.

Approximately one third of the discs are concave and large (their diameter is 2.3m or 2.4m); two thirds are convex and smaller (their diameter is 1.3m, 1.4m, 1.5m or 1.6m). Each large disc weighs 210kg

•

• •

•

About 2 million golden tiles (4.5cm x 4.5cm) were made in a Matrimandir workshop.

A very thin gold „leaf‟ (24 carat) was placed between two sheets of glass and this sandwich was then heated at a high temperature in an oven to fuse together glass sheets and gold leaf.

Altogether some 20kg of gold were used to produce enough tiles to cover the 8,000m² surface of the discs.

•

•

Golden tile

“Structural glazing‟, a twocomponent long-lasting silicone, was used to affix the tiles to the discs.

A yellow silicone was then applied as grouting to hide the black „structural glazing‟.

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THE FOUR ENTRANCES OF MATRIMANDIR The Mother named the four pairs of pillars which support the Matrimandir after Her four Aspects or Personalities.

These pillars serve also as the four main entrances to the sphere. In Sri Aurobindo’s words, these Personalities are: -

• Maheshwari One is her personality of calm wideness and comprehending wisdom and tranquil benignity and inexhaustible compassion and sovereign and surpassing majesty and all-ruling greatness.

• Mahakali Another embodies her power of splendid strength and irresistible passion, her warrior mood, her overwhelming will, her impetuous swiftness and world-shaking force.

• Mahalakshmi A third is vivid and sweet and wonderful with her deep secret of beauty and harmony and fine rhythm, her intricate and subtle opulence, her compelling attraction and captivating grace.

• Mahasaraswati The fourth is equipped with her close and profound capacity to initiate knowledge and careful flawless work and quiet and exact perfection in all things.

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FIRST LEVEL AND CENTRAL STAIRCASES • • •

•

To reach the first level, one has to go down one of the four wide sloped radial pathways between two large „petals‟.

There one has to remove one's shoes and climb the staircase in the pillars.

As one climbs, a sensor triggers the automatic opening of an golden door whose design matches that of the golden „shield‟ above it.

Having reached the top of the stairs, one enters the first level, a transition space whose floor is in white and grey marble and where one sits on a circular bench of white marble to put on white socks.

First level: entrance of one of the twin central spiral staircases

• • •

To continue one's ascent to the Inner Chamber, one has to go through a narrow doorway made of marble blocks.

The architect conceived the staggering of these large blocks as a symbol of the need to make an effort in this yoga.

The twin spiral staircase gives the appearance of being suspended on account of a gap at floor level.

Staircase- white marble steps and walks

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SECOND LEVEL AND SPIRAL RAMPS •

•

•

Having climbed one of the two spiral staircases, one reaches the second level which gives a feeling of vastness.

It is entirely bathed in the golden-pink light which comes from the inner skin; hence even the white marble and carpet appear goldenpink.

The second level has a white marble floor and has the same parapet and handrail as is used for the spiral ramps: curved „white‟ toughened glass with a white wooden handrail on top.

Lower part of one of the spiral ramps

• •

From inside, the Matrimandir is a translucent sphere, except between each pair of ribs where the concrete shell is decorated with a mosaic of white marble whose joints are made of golden tiles.

Water runs down in the middle of each rib along a narrow channel of golden tiles; at the end it falls and is pumped up again.

• •

•

The sides of the structure (steel trusses) of the spiral ramps are covered with ferrocement.

Their lower face is covered with particle board panels and their upper face with aluminum honeycomb panels (similar to those used for the floor of commercial airplanes) on top of which a white woolen carpet has been fitted.

The parapet is curved „white‟ glass with a white wooden handrail on top.

Lower part of the East rib

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INNER CHAMBER

The Inner Chamber has been built exactly according to the “repeated visions” of the Mother.

•

The Inner Chamber has a 12m radius (wall included). Its floor is covered with a white woolen carpet (except at the centre).

•

Its wall is 8.65 m. high. It has 12 facets which represent “the 12 months of the year” and are clad with white marble from Lasa, Italy.

•

Its white ceiling also has 12 facets, each one resting on one of the wall's facets and sloping by 30° upwards towards the centre.

The Chamber's height at its centre is thus 15.2 m.

•

Section and plan of the Inner Chamber

•

It has two double doors (located on opposite sides) made of thick white marble slabs. As wished by the Mother, the entrance door faces East.

It has 12 large steel cylindrical columns of 60cm diameter, covered with white lacquer, which the Mother had clearly „seen‟ and which stand halfway between the centre of the room and each one of its 12 corners.

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• • •

•

As it has no windows, it is air-conditioned.

The only light comes from a vertical beam of light, which the Mother wanted to be slightly golden and visible.

This beam is normally a ray of the sun which is reflected down into the Chamber by a heliostat whose computerized tracking system keeps it very precisely oriented.

At the centre of the room, there is the object of concentration upon which falls a single vertical beam of sunlight.

The Inner Chamber is a place meant for concentration, to “learn how to concentrate” with a view to try to finding one's consciousness.

AREA BELOW THE MATRIMANDIR

•

•

•

The 216 petal-shaped marble slabs to create a pond over which water flows from the outside towards the centre.

At the centre of this pond, there is a crystal globe (17cm dia.) which will receive the beam of sunlight which transits Matrimandir from top to bottom, as if to „illumine the depths‟.

‘Lotus pond’ below the Matrimandir

Meditation space below a pair of pillars

The Mother’s symbol in marble

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MEDITATION ROOMS INSIDE THE PETALS

• • •

All 12 rooms have the same shape, a flattened sphere (like the Matrimandir itself but smaller).

The insides of the shell of these rooms are painted in different colours.

So, one sits and concentrates on a particular Virtue while being bathed in the light of the corresponding color.

A circular corridor gives access to these 12 meditation rooms.

Sincerity

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Courage

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TWELVE GARDENS “It must be a thing of great beauty, of such beauty that when people come they will say „Ah, this is it‟.”

“One must know how to move from consciousness to consciousness.”

“It must be an expression of that consciousness which we are trying to bring down.”

CENTRAL FLOWERS IN THE TWELVE GARDENS

Hibiscus rosa- sinensis Psychic power in existence

Daffodil Supramental Consciousness

Waimea Light of the purified power

Hibiscus rosa Ananda (Bliss)

Hibiscus rosa Power of consciousness

Hibiscus rosa Aesthetic power

Hibiscus rosa Usefulness of Auroville

Nymphaea Wealth

Sweet heart Power to progress

Hibiscus rosa Beauty of the Supramental youth

Hibiscus rosa Power of harmony

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Plumeria rubra Psychological perfection

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TWELVE GARDENS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE

Reduces anxiety and relieves mind

Reduces stress and depression

Increases happiness and builts in new energy

Improves focus and concentration

Refreshing experience

A Lower heart and breathing rate

• •

•

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The fresh relieving gardens are a multi-usage spaces.

People can sit and meditate at these spaces which fills a humans body with new energy and increases focus and concentration .

These open spaces serve a great purpose for well-being of a person.

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TOP OF THE MATRIMANDIR The top of the Matrimandir is accessible only to the maintenance staff.

Are located here: Heliostat, maintenance crane and 2 AC ducts (in line with each other).

• •

•

The role of the heliostat is to always reflect a ray of sunlight down into the Chamber.

It consists of 3 mirrors: a mobile mirror (equipped with a computerized tracking system), and two fixed mirrors.

When the sun is hidden (at night or on cloudy days), 12 spotlights are used to create the same effect.

Heliostat in the early morning

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CASE STUDY- 2 PYRAMID VALLEY INTERNATIONAL, BANGLORE -The new Shambala (Place of peace)

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PYRAMID VALLEY INTERNATIONAL, BANGALORE LOCATION •

The center is located at Hubli, Karnataka.

It is located 37km away from Bangalore city center.

It was designed by Bharathi Prem Associates.

Area:- 28 Acres

•

• •

Karnataka

Bangalore

ACCESIBILITY • •

The Centre is 43km from Bangalore.

Since Bangalore is well-equipped with all modes of transport, the Centre is easily accessible to the people.

There are many bus stops near to the place and the visitors can move to and fro easily.

•

41km

78km

Pyramid Valley International

CLIMATE

• • • •

Bangalore has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification ) with distinct wet and dry seasons.

Maximum temperature:- 34 degree Celsius Minimum temperature:- 16 degree Celsius Annual rainfall:- 986mm

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TOPOGRAPHY

It is located in southern India, on the Deccan Plateau at an elevation of over 900 m (3,000 ft) above sea level, which is the highest among India's major cities.

The resort is at 676m above the sea level.

SITE SURROUNDINGS AND CONTEXT

The site is located in a semi-urban context . The surroundings of the Pyramid Valley is with dense landscape and vast green gardens and temples.

The area is also served with small parks and dormitories.

SITE HISTORY AND EVOLUTION

2004

The site as observed from the past years has been evolving through the green spaces.

The surroundings has been greatly developed with green farms and dense vegetation.

2014

2018 2008

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INTRODUCTION •

Pyramid Valley International, a serene valley surrounded by greenery and small hills, is the perfect place for going deep within oneself.

The 28-acre campus hosts the world’s largest pyramid structure built solely for meditation.

•

• • •

Towering to the height of 100 feet/ 30 meters — the height of a 10-storey building — the Mega-Pyramid is a silent abode of sacred energies that allows meditators to experience calmness pretty rapidly.

The entire campus is dotted with high-energy spots for meditation and silent retreat.

In addition, you can attend one of the numerous talks, workshops and trainings that are conducted in the state-of-the-art training rooms.

SPACES AROUND

Matreya Buddha Pyramid

Meditation Teaching Centre

Amphitheatre

Cafeteria and Dining

Research centre and Library

Holistic health centre

Staff quarters

Zen garden

Lake

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CONCEPT

• •

•

Thematic architecture.

Every element of the architecture, interiors and landscape is careful to be chosen thematic.

So even the gardens around and the colors used for landscaping are all specially chosen for their spiritual compatibility and for enhancing inner harmony and peace.

PLANNING PRINCIPLES

The pyramid is oriented along the north-south axis, the planning is influenced by the functions incorporated in the campus, hierarchy is applied for the pyramid to stand out from the rest of the environment, which is the most important space of the campus. The sun from the east to west moves in a adjacent direction to the openings which passes in the indirect sunlight into the space.

The indirect rays illuminates the space formally.

Indirect sunlight into the space

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MASTER LAYOUT Zen Garden

Cottages and Akanda Dhyana Pyramids

N Cafeteria

Toilets

Meditation teaching Centre

Dining hall

Pyramid hall Book space and library Dormitory blocks Entrance And Reception

OAT

Pagoda Cottages

LANDUSE LAND USE PERCENTILE Total site area:- 28 Acres Built up area:- 20% of total area Water body:- 10% of total area Open and green spaces:- 70% of total area Built space

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Open space

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Water body

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SITE ZONING

• •

•

•

The site is zoned according to the visitors intrusion.

All the reachable amenities for the visitors are located om west side of the lake and nearby so that people can access and pass through them easily and use the spaces efficiently.

All the private zones are designed far from the core as they require serene ambience and also privacy from other spaces.

These serene spaces are used for private meditation and stay.

N

MASTER LAYOUT

Semi-public zone The pyramid, office, parking, research institutes and amenities are zoned within the reach of visitors to use them without hassle.

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Semi-private zone Whereas units like cottages, tents, holistic health centre, spiritual theme park, tree of life and other spaces which need calmness are in a isolated location free from visitors intrusion.

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FLOOR PLANS AND SPACE PLANNING KABHIR BHAVAN

The Kabhir Bhavan is a Pyramid shaped mediation centre. The bare brick structure with aluminum windows dictates simplicity and minimalism. The same architectural language extends to the exterior with an exposed concrete desk

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Kabhir Bhavan is the meditation teaching Centre.

Includes the spaces like entrance and patio.

Includes spaces like meeting rooms, conference halls, meditation lab and waiting areas.

Includes space like the large auditorium where large meetings take place.

Open meeting and meditation spaces.

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DORMITORIES

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

The large room space where people can share the rooms.

Corridors and circulation space.

Entry and common toilets space.

The dormitories are as simple and as basic as it can be. The design is simplistic, reflecting the ambience of the building and the philosophy of the institution. The design being simple, was cost effective and eco-friendly sue to the use of exposed brick and concrete ceiling.

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PAGODA COTTAGES

FLOOR PLAN

Bedrooms in Cottages Entrance and central lounge

Circulation space and corridors Toilets

•

•

The cottages are designed such that they dictate sheer simplicity and the architecture treads very lightly on the ground on which these cottages sit, bringing into focus the minimalism of the structures, while also being comfortable and aesthetically pleasing.

The structure establishes a dialogue with the surrounding land and nature without imposing on them.

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MATIREYA- BUDDHA PYRAMID

•

• • The highest meditation is at 1/3rd part of the total space since it is the most energic spot.

The pyramid with the capacity of 5000 people is the world’s largest Pyramid on the lines of Pyramid Giza solely for practicing meditation.

Base area:- 160ft X 160ft and 102ft in height.

King Chamber is located at the center to 1/3rd height of the pyramid. Its spiral and vibrant king’s chamber, the most energic spot of the pyramid and accommodates 4o people for meditation.

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CAFETARIA BLOCK

• •

•

•

The cafeteria block is pleasantly located overlooking the lake and the gigantic Pyramid.

This block can be accessed through a small bridge over the rain water channel built with clay 'Jaali' blocks.

The site dictated the semicircular shape of the cafeterias, looks as though its structure is clasping the lake.

The tensile fabric structures at the entrance contrast sharply with the exposed bricks of cafeteria, adding contemporary touch yet rough character to the building.

LIBRARY AND BOOK SPACES

•

•

The centre has the best book space and library where visitors can come around and access through various books.

The book space sells different kinds of books regarding the meditation teachings, types of meditation and many other artifacts

DINING HALL

• •

The Nitya Nanda dining hall is open for all and serves free food to all the visitors.

The spaces welcomes everyone with atmost pleasure and pleasant ambience.

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OPEN SPACES AND GARDENS ZEN GARDEN This garden is designed for solely for meditation for users.

These gardens are originally created as places for Buddhist monks to meditate and absorb the teachings of the Buddha

Modern Japanese Zen gardens are meant to be serene places where the mind can be at rest, and can experience a state of calm tranquility.

OPEN AIR AMPHITHEATER

The Open Amphitheater is Multi-functional space.

The OAT is designed around the lake which enhances the space and can also be used for meditation.

AKANDA DHYANA PYRAMIDS • •

•

The Akanda Dhyana pyramids were designed for solo meditation.

A person who is purely into deep meditation can use these spaces which gives them privacy and the chance to concentrate and focus more precisely.

These are designed so carefully at a serene place with beautiful nature.

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BENEFITS OF PYRAMID MEDITATION

A person receives abundant cosmic energy

Gives three times more energy

Healing is done more quickly

Free meditative state is attained

MATERIALS AND COLOUR PALETTE • •

•

Exposed brickwork and unplastered concrete ceilings.

The architecture with this palette of materials treads very lightly on the ground, bringing into focus the minimalism of the structure establishing a dialogue with the surrounding land and nature without imposing on them.

The deliberate raw and rustic feel of the structure is a constant effort in an attempt to express the materials in the truest forms

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ACTIVITIES AT PYRAMID VALLEY

Seminars

Workshops

Group Meditation

Yoga sessions

Spiritual classes

Therapies

Solo meditation

Dining

Teaching classes

Reading

Open arena for kids

Annual conferences

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CHAPTER - 5

COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS AND AREA PROGRAM

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3. SITE SURROUNDINGS

2. ACCESIBILITY

1. SITE LOCATION

TOPIC

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS (QUALITATIVE)

C

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

Site is to be selected in an area with more green and open spaces.

(For serene ambience)

Site is to be located at a minimum radius from railway station and airport.

Site is located near to a city.

(Preferably at outskirts)

INFERENCES

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6. USER MOVEMENTS IN THE SITE

5. LAND USE

4. SITE ZONING AND ENTRY POINTS

TOPIC

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

Maximum percentage of site is to be given for open and landscape (70%) Minimum % of site for built up (30%).

Open spaces enhances connection with nature and helps in reviving spirit.

All the semi-public spaces to be zoned on one go (nearby).

Other semi-private spaces to be on other zone (For easy user intrusion)

Primary ---- public spaces Secondary ---- semi-private spaces.

• Separate pathways for vehicular and pedestrian movements.

• To provide both primary and secondary movement for users.

•

•

•

•

•

INFERENCES

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8. SITE ORIENTATION

7. SITE VEGETATION

TOPIC

• The open space are mostly located near to the west zone, so as to receive less radiation.

• The spaces which are mostly used in the morning are located far from the east

VERY LESS VEGETATION

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

• More percentile of open spaces is towards west including amphitheater.

• Meditation hall to receive indirect light.

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

• Meditation hall to get indirect light.

• More percentage of open spaces placed away from east to receive less heat.

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

•

•

Private spaces like dorms and cottages can be designed to the east, which are mostly used during evenings and night.

It is preferable to design more open spaces and the spaces which are used in the morning away from east, so as to receive less heat radiation.

A minimum amount of vegetation that would cool down the space and provide/supply the spaces with cool breezes and shade.

INFERENCES

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10. MATERIALS

9. ACTIVITIES

TOPIC

Black marble (Sound proof and thermal insulated) Concrete flooring Brick walls Wooden seating Tiles Glass

•

• • • • •

• • • • • • • •

Meditation and Yoga Therapies Workshops Dining Games and tennis Spa and sauna Bar Gym and exercise Jacuzzi

•

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

• • • •

•

• • •

Golden discs (Supramental color) Glass Concrete Marble Steel pipes and ferro finishes for the dome.

Meditation Yoga Seminars and Meetings

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

Exposed brick Concrete ceilings Rustic finishes

Seminars and Workshops Meditation and Yoga Spiritual classes Therapies Dining Open play arena for kids

(Use of locally available materials to give rustic finish and a traditional look).

• • •

• • • •

•

•

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

•

•

•

Using ,locally available materials.

Materials that adhere to the surroundings and showcase minimalism.

Using materials that are sound proof and thermally insulating.

More proposal of various activities that would engage the visitor, not only on spiritual basis, but also on other lies (For physical healing).

INFERENCES

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a)

FORM

11. MEDITATION HALL

TOPIC

• Pyramid signifies energy and helps in focusing and healing more.

• The meditation hall is a pyramidal structure.

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

• Circular dome in elevation which facilitates more in meditation.

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

• Pyramid structure is the best for meditation as it gives three times more energy.

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

• A from for meditation hall that would have a single focal point but illuminate the energy throughout the space.

INFERENCES

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12. OPEN-AIR THEATRE

(Lighting)

b) SUNPATH

11. MEDITATION HALL

TOPIC

____

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

The circular OAT in between the green lush spaces is a diverse in its own.

• The sunlight is reflected from the heliostat inside the chamber.

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

The OAT near to the water body is a place of refreshment and a scope for freshness.

• The indirect rays illuminates the space formally.

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

• More peace and healing

• The presence of OAT at a place of natural or artificial landscape or water body is more relieving and helps people to meditate and spend time more spiritually.

• Orient meditation hall mostly to North-South.

• The meditation hall is to be indirectly lit as direct sunlight for long hours would be uncomfortable.

INFERENCES

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14. LIBRARY AND BOOK SPACE

13. SOLOMEDITATING SPACES

TOPIC

__

These include the solitary spaces in gardens and areas around dorms.

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

__

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

Library is placed in the semi-public zone but in an area with dense landscape.

Highest Solo Pyramid meditation Pyramid for viewing blocks (Increases focus and gives privacy)

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

• Library to be designed in a semi-public zone.

• It is better to be in a welllandscaped and ventilated space.

(Spirit + human + nature)

Solo-meditating in a semiopen space would enhance more connection with nature.

INFERENCES

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15. DORMTORIES AND COTTAGES

TOPIC

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

The dorms are in lushgreen semi-private area which offers fabulous view of matrimandir and relieves us.

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

• The dormitories/cottages are to be located in a semiprivate zone for, • Privacy and to be designed in a green space (Separated from other spaces)

INFERENCES

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17. AUDITORIUM

16. RESTAURANTS AND CAFETARIA

TOPIC

Auditorium is placed in semi-public, near to entry, as people from outside can come for workshop, talks etc.

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

__

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

Auditorium is zoned near to entrance, for easy public access.

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

• Auditorium to be zoned in a public zone.

• Auditorium is to be designed near to entry points in a public zone for easy access of visitors and public.

• The presence of cafeteria or restaurant at a place which would offer more scenic and pleasant views • near to water body or gardens.

INFERENCES

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2. OPEN-AIR THEATRE

1. MEDITATION HALL

TOPIC

__

Area of Meditation block = 2500 Sq. m

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

Including dias and circulation.

Total area= 7254 Sq .m

Area of Meditation hall = 1017 Sq .m

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS (QUANTITATIVE)

Only OAT without stage

Total area= 840 Sq .m

Area of Meditation block = 2304 Sq .m Capacity- 5000

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

Total Area:- 1000 x 2.5 =2500 Sq. m

Capacity: 1000 people

Area per person: 2-3 Sq.m

From above studies and NBC,

1000x2 = 2000 Sq .m

Capacity: 1000-2000

(Per person including circulation)

From case studies,

INFERENCES

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4. DORMITORIES AND COTTAGES

3. RESTAURANTS AND CAFETARIA

TOPIC

Total area for Accommodation =2975 Sq. m

__

__

Area of Cyber Café =2000 Sq .m

(Includes Dining)

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

Area of one room in a Cottage = 42 Sq .m

Area per each room = 15 Sq. m (For 5 people)

Area per one dorm = 128 Sq .m

Total area:- 1090 Sq .m

Dining = 250 Sq .m

Area of Cafetaria block = 840 Sq. m (Excludes dining hall)

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

Total area:20 x 50= 1000 Sq.m

Area of each cottage = 50 Sq .m

Total :- 500 x 5 = 2500 Sq .m

Capacity: 500 people

From above studies and NBC, Area per person- 5Sq. m

Total Area = 1000 x 2 = 2000 Sq .m

Capacity= 1000 people

According to NBC, Area per person = 2Sq .m (Includes circulation)

INFERENCES

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6. LIBRARY AND BOOK SPACE

5. AUDITORIUM

TOPIC

Area= 3000 SQ.M

Library is a part of the large block including other facilities like Auditorium , Workshop etc.

Area of Osho Auditorium = 3500 Sq.m (Capacity - 5000)

OSHO INTERNATIONAL PUNE

__

__

MATRIMANDIR AUROVILLE

= 1000 Sq.m

Area of Library + book space

(Capacity- 200)

Area of Auditorium = 825 Sq.m

PYRAMID VALLEY BANGALORE

Total = 450 Sq.m

Total Area= 250 x 1.5 = 375 Sq.m + Book space = 75 Sq.m

Capacity- 250 people

Area per person:- 1.5-1.8 Sq.m

From above studies and NBC,

Total area:- 500 x 1.5 = 750 Sq.m (Including aisles)

From above studies and NBC, Area per person = 1-1.5 Sq .m (Capacity- 500)

INFERENCES

DETAILED AREA STATEMENTS

SPACE

TOTAL AREA

1. ADMIN BLOCK

750 SQ.M

•

Waiting area

•

Reception

10 Sq.m

•

Enquiry Space

30 Sq.m

•

Toilets

20 Sq.m

•

Accounting Office

35 Sq.m

•

Director Room

60 Sq.m

•

Conference Hall

50 Sq.m

•

Staff training Office

100 Sq.m

•

Pantry and Dining

80 Sq.m

•

Staff Quarters

150 Sq.m

100+100 = 200 Sq.m

Waiting Area Reception Enquiry space Toilets Accounting office Director room Conference hall Staff training office Pantry Staff quarters

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SPACE

TOTAL AREA

2. RESTAURANT

2750 SQ.M

•

Indoor Dining Area

•

Kitchen and Food preparation area

60 Sq.m

•

Storage

10 Sq.m

•

Toilets

50 Sq.m

•

Open Dining area

1000 Sq.m

•

Food courts

120 Sq.m

1500 Sq.m

Indoor dining area Kitchen Storage Toilets Open dining area Food courts

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SPACE

TOTAL AREA

3. MEDITATION AND OAT

6170 SQ.M

•

Meditation Hall

1000 Sq.m

•

Tree Meditation

1000 Sq.m

•

Solo Meditation pyramids

•

Deck Meditation

2000 Sq.m

•

Open Air Theatre

2000 Sq.m

15 x 12 = 170 Sq.m

Meditation Hall Tree Meditation Solo Meditation

Deck Meditation OAT

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SPACE

TOTAL AREA

4. DORMITORIES

4475 SQ.M

•

Dormitory Reception and Waiting

200 Sq.m

•

Room for 5 Members

50 Sq.m 72 rooms x 50 = 3600 Sq.m

•

Laundry

600 Sq.m

•

Services

75 Sq.m

Reception and Waiting

Lodging rooms

Laundry

Services

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SPACE

TOTAL AREA

5. COTTAGES

115 SQ.M

•

Verandah

25 Sq.m

•

Living space

25 Sq.m

•

Bedroom

16 Sq.m

•

Toilet and Changing room

6 Sq.m

•

Balcony

8 Sq.m

•

Terrace Lawn

10 Sq.m

•

Multi purpose Space

10 Sq.m

•

Single Cottage

20 Sq.m

Verendah Living Space Bedroom Toilets and Changing room Balcony Terrace lawn Multi purpose space

Single Cottage

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SPACE

TOTAL AREA

1. Administration

750 Sq.m

2. Restaurant

2750 Sq.m

3. Meditation Hall and OAT

6170 Sq.m

4. Dormitories

4475 Sq.m

5. Cottages

115 Sq.m

TOTAL BUILT-UP AREA 6. Parking Space

14260 = 3.5 ACRES 5000 Sq.m

5 Times of Built Space = 3.5 x 5 =17.5 Acres

7. Open Space

TOTAL SITE AREA

3.5+17.5 = 21 ACRES

Admin Restaurant Meditation Hall and OAT Dormitories Cottages Parking Open Space

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CHAPTER - 6

SITE ANALYSIS AND DETAILS

SITE PROPOSAL- 1 1) AT KOTHUR

West-East Cross Section

North-South Cross Section

• The site is located at Kothur which is on the way to Hyderabad and Bangalore Highway.

• The site is 45km from Hyderabad Centre and is accessible by NH 44.

PROS • The site is surrounded by green farms.

• The site is located adjacent to the Highway which would serve a great pleasure to watch the space as one passes by the Highway.

• The site also has hillocks near to it which would offer a beautiful scenic view for the people using the site.

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SITE PROPOSAL-2 2) NEAR MOMINPET LAKE AT VIKARABAD

The site is located at Mominpet near Vikarabad. The site can be accessed through the Mominpet-Vikarabad road.

• The site is 75km from Hyderabad Centre and can be reached by Orr or via Shankarpally.

PROS:• The site is surrounded by the pleasant Mominpet Lake.

• The lake offers a beautiful scenic view from the site.

• The spaces at the site can evolve around the lake and the built spaces can face towards the water body to make the maximum use of it.

• The water body also helps in enhancing the meditation and open spaces in turn adding to the greater advantages to the well-being of a person

West-East Cross Section

North-South Cross Section

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SITE LOCATION • The site is located in Mominpet near Vikarabad, near to the lake.

• Area of Lake:- 135 Acres.

• Site area:- 26 Acres.

ACCESSIBILITY

• Site is 900 meters away from the MominpetVikarabad road.

MAIN ACCESS ROAD • The Mominpet-Vikarabad road is the main access to the site.

• From this road, there is sub-road which leads to Mominpet village.

• This road can be used to connect to the site.

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NEIGHBOURING BUILDINGS • The site has a very buildings near to the site.

• Distance of the buildings:- 1)160 meters , 2) 200 meters

Right to light:- The buildings are located far away from the site and offer a very good distance between themselves and also with the site.

• Height of the buildings :- 1) G+1, 2) G

• So, there is a good amount of light within the neighboring space and hence no light obstruction is observed.

• The buildings are residential and seek no legal restrictions.

• Noise levels:- There is no or very light noise from the residential buildings.

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LEGAL RESTRICTIONS • •

Conservation areas:- Area of lake- 135 Acres.

The Mominpet lake within the site surroundings is one of the largest lake nearby Hyderabad.

• It is a site for fishing and the area needs to be conserved and maintained.

•

NGT (Telangana) states that a minimum 30 meters of buffer zone must be provided from the lake to design or construct any structure.

Inferences:So, the site is taken at 115 meters away from the lake

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ACCESS

Inferences

These are the main roads which connect to the site and nearby areas.

1. Mominpet- Vikarabad Road 2. Shankarpally- Mominpet Road The main access road which directly connects the site to main road (MominpetVikarabad Road) The road connects the site via Mominpet village (10m wide road) Medium traffic (Public)

Low traffic (Private)

Since the main access road is on the left side of the site, it is preferable to have all the public spaces like reception, admin on the left side.

Private road Whereas the private spaces like dorms can be to the right side.

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VIEWS Private Views In (From the site) • •

The site has a beautiful lake adjacent to it.

This lake can be used as scenic view from the site to add more beauty and to establish a visual connection with the nature.

Inferences •

The dorms and other spaces like the cafeteria can have a view to the lake to engage more public to use that space.

KASLABAD

MOMINPET

N

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Public Views Out (Into the site) •

Some spaces of the spiritual retreat can be highlighted and can be a showcase from the main roads itself.

Inferences Spaces which can be emphasized like the admin, meditation hall can be designed so that they bring the visitors and people close to that space.

Main road

KASLABAD

MOMINPET

N

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MACRO CLIMATE • • • •

Hyderabad has a composite climate (Hot and dry).

Maximum Temperature:- 40 degree Celsius Minimum Temperature:- 15 degree Celsius Average annual rainfall:- 156 millimeters.

Spaces which require good amount of light can be designed in this zone.

Ex:- Yoga spaces, Meditation hall etc.

Spaces that do not require much light are to designed.

Ex:- Dorms, Cafes etc.

PREVAILING WIND DIRECTION

N

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North-east to South-west

Inferences Spaces which are usually designed with less open area are to designed here so as to have good wind flow and also to obstruct the wind speed.

Staggered structures can be designed to direct the wind flow.

The zone receives hot and cool breezes because of the presence of the water body, so the planning can be done accordingly with good dense vegetation.

PREVAILING WIND DIRECTION

N

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MICRO CLIMATE AND VEGETATION •

The lake near to the site releases a lot of vapor which causes humidity in and round.

The zone which receives a lot of humidity and stays warm in the mornings while it receives cool breezes at the night.

The humidity levels and the cold wind can be controlled by placing a large amount of vegetation an green spaces.

Humidity.

Cool breezes

KASLABAD

MOMINPET

N

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SITE TOPOGRAPHY

B

A

•

Total Site Area:- 26 Acres

• • •

Contour Interval: 5 Meters Highest point- 585 meters Lowest point – 570 meters

•

No vegetation in the site

•

The zone towards the water body is the lowest zone, so this zone can be used as water front where a large number of activities can be developed.

Activities like fishing, eateries and spaces for meditation can be developed facing the water body.

• B’

SECTION AA’

SECTION BB’

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SITE CONTOUR LEVELS AND DETAILS The spaces in the site can be designed in accordance with the levels, where some spaces can be given on the highest point so that they are visible throughout the site.

570M

580M

575M

585M

575M

On the lowest level, near to the water body, meditation spaces can be designed which would offer good scenic view and a refreshing experience and also the space would be the farthest point from entries.

95 138

92

570M 575M

95 580M

580M

104

SITE DETAIL

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SWOT ANALYSIS

S

STRENGTHS

OPPURTUNITIES

The site is located in a serene environment.

The site is surrounded with brown fields and open areas.

The site has a beautiful water body adjacent to it.

The water body adjacent to the site can add as a scenic view to the site and the space can be developed as a small water front.

The serene ambience can be used to develop spaces more easily.

T

W WEAKNESS

THREATS

The site is a bit far away from the public transport and airports.

The site and surroundings has very low vegetation.

The water body can cause lots of humidity.

Access to the site from public transport becomes difficult.

O • The site has a wide range of strengths and opportunities to be implemented and can taken into consideration while designing.

• The water body adjacent to the lake can be used as an opportunity to design recreational and spiritual spaces with the view of the lake.

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CHAPTER - 7

DESIGN CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT AND ZONING

CONCEPT – THE SEVEN CHAKRAS

Main motive of a spiritual retreat • •

To maintain the Mind, Body and Spirit in balance and harmony The three of them are integrated and it is essential that this achieved through the design.

To choose a concept that would depict and help in achieving balance and symbolizes immense energy and power.

Choosing the concept of “SEVEN CHAKRAS”

CROWN CHAKRA THIRD EYE CHAKRA

•

THROAT CHAKRA

• HEART CHAKRA SOLAR PLEXUS CHAKRA SACRAL CHAKRA

The Seven Chakras are the main energy centers of the body.

When these chakras are unblocked, energy can run through them freely and harmony is achieved throughout.

ROOT CHAKRA

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When a person meditates all the Chakras get opened, energy can run through them freely, and harmony exists between the physical body, mind, and spirit.

MIND

Free energy flow BODY

H A R M O N Y

SPIRIT

Free energy flow indicates, • • •

No barrier in religion No barrier in community No barrier in gender and age

Free movement between different spaces in the retreat.

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•

The energy or power in spirituality is represented in Concentric Circles.

•

It represents the notions of totality, wholeness, original perfection, the Self, the infinite, eternity, timelessness, all cyclic movement, God ('God is a circle whose centre is everywhere and whose circumference is nowhere'

GOD

•

•

•

The concentric circles in spirituality represent the energy or power.

The site is to be represented with high energy or power and the center of the site is depicted to have the highest energy.

To plan the site in accordance with these concentric circles and to design spaces radially that would blend with the circles .

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TREE AS AN ELEMENT (Combining built spaces with nature)

•

•

Since the site has no vegetation, and as it is a Spiritual retreat it is preferable to maintain a strong connection with nature.

So to design a number of trees that would also help to accommodate various activities, that is different kinds of meditation, recreational etc.

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FORM STUDY FOR MEDITATION HALL (DOMICAL)

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FORM STUDY FOR MEDITATION HALL (PYRAMIDAL)

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FORM EVOLUTION POSSIBILITIES

• •

The form is designed to emphasize in the site and also to act as a protector from the hard rays of the sun.

To be located near to the water body.

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Single cottages

Laundry

Reception

Public Zone

Accommodation rooms

Dorm reception

Family cottages

Solo meditation

Water meditation

Tree meditation

Toilets

Meditation hall

Tree dining

Kitchen and service

Dining area

Pantry

Staff residence

Staff training office

Conference hall

Director room

Accounting office

Enquiry space

Waiting Area

Reception

SPACES

Director room

Accounting office

Semi- Private Zone

Enquiry space

Waiting Area

SPACE RELATIONSHIP MATRIX Staff residence

Staff training office

Private Zone

c c c c c c

Kitchen and service

Dining area

C C

Meditation hall

Direct relationship

C C

Tree dining

C C

Toilets

C

C

C

Tree meditation

Water meditation

C

C

Solo meditation

Indirect relationship

C

C

Family Cottages

Dorm reception

C C

C

C

Accommod ation rooms

Visual relationship

C

C

Laundry

C

C

C C C C

Single cottages

Pantry

Conference hall

BUBBLE DIAGRAM • •

Deck area

• •

To propose a large central arena To design all the public spaces to the left side of the site near the entry.

To design all the private spaces to the right side of the site, which is far away from the entry.

All the meditation spaces to be zoned away from the entry points and to place then near to the water body.

Meditation Hall Tree meditation

Solo meditation

OAT

Cottages Central Arena Restaurant

Admin

Dormitories

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SITE ZONING PROCESS

Meditation hall to be designed near to the water body for relieving experience and comfort of space.

STEP -3

The site is divided into two zones, public and private zones.

Public zones includes- Admin, Café etc. and Private zones includeDorms, Cottages STEP -2

The site is to be proposed a common central plaza at the center which is accessible and visible from all the spaces in the site.

STEP -1

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All the public and private spaces are to be zoned accordingly and the rest space is used for open and green spaces

Vehicular movement STEP -6

Primary user movement Secondary user movement

All the public spaces to be zoned to left side of the site near to the entrance and the private spaces are zoned far away from the site.

STEP -5

All the meditation activities to be zoned near to the water body so as to encourage the public and to connect them with the nature.

STEP -4

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Parking

OAT

Pyramid meditation

Dormitory

Admin

Meditation hall

Family Cottages

Yoga Arena

Restaurant

Tree meditation

Single Cottages

Deck meditation

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS WITH VOLUMETRIC AND LIGHTING ANALYSIS

Semi-open restaurants with connection with the nature which include interaction with trees and water.

Family Cottages which are designed near to the water space and are designed in a way to have a close interaction with surroundings.

Dorms which are designed to have semiopen spaces which have a close connection with nature and surroundings

Admin area to have a pergola kind of entry to welcome the visitors into the administration area.

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MEDITATION AND HEALING WITH SENSES

The way to the meditation hall is filled with fragrant flowers on both sides which help in healing while they smell the fragrance of Jasmine, Mint etc.

The walking meditation- termed as KINHIN also takes movement while pass to the Meditation hall

SMELL

The view to the Meditation hall is sighted with Lush green trees and a water body which rejuvenates the mind and draws people towards the Meditation hall.

SIGHT

SOUND

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BIBLIOGRAPHY https://thedialog.org/catechetical-corner/retreats-getaways-with-god-can-be-a-profoundly-richexperience/ https://m-freepressjournal -in.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/m.freepressjournal.in/article/spirituality/guiding-light-the-centre-ofspirituality-lies-in-nature/19337d13-aacf-4937-8f29d37ae0278488?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16 236618338868&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&a mpshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepressjournal.in%2Fspirituality%2Fguiding-light-thecentre-of-spirituality-lies-in-nature https://www-indianpanorama-in.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.indianpanorama.in/blog/why-isindia-the-centre-of-spiritualtourism/?amp_js_v=a6&amp_gsa=1&amp_markup=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3 D#aoh=16240347071141&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%25 1%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianpanorama.in%2Fblog%2Fwhy-is-india-thecentre-of-spiritual-tourism%2F https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/art-culture/pm-modi-urges-people-to-make-india-hubof-spiritual-wellness-tourism-101613560695812.html https://thespiritualindia.com/5-types-of-meditation-you-must-try-for/ https://medium.com/@yogashraysewayatan01/types-of-yoga-and-their-benefits-6b923586afb1 https://shikshabhartinetwork.com/category.php?category=221&filter=1508

https://www.bis.gov.in/index.php/standards/technical-department/national-building-code/ https://in.pinterest.com/pin/510806782738750111/ https://www.archdaily.com/797259/the-key-architectural-elements-required-to-design-yoga-andmediation-spaces https://www.archdaily.com/798645/vajrasana-buddhist-retreat-walters-and-cohenarchitects?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab https://www.osho.com/osho-meditation-resort