Proceedings of the 4th Royal Belum Scientific Expedition by Pulau Banding Foundation Publications

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

Unravels BELUM and its Wonders

Pulau Banding Foundation (PBF) is a non-profit and non-political organization. With a clear vision of maintaining the sustainability of the Belum-Temengor Rainforest Complex's landscape, environment and communities, be it aquatic or terrestrial, we aim to promote research and eco-tourism through the sustainable development of the rainforest ecosystem of the BelumTemengor Rainforest Complex. The Scientific Expedition is necessary to undertake, as well as perform research and studies on tropical rainforests as part of the conservation efforts of biological diversity and sustainable management of the natural tropical rainforests The Belum-Temengor Rainforest houses over 3,000 species of flowering plants, including three species of the largest flower in the world - the Rafflesia. It is also the natural habitat of 64 species of ferns, 62 species of mosses, and has a lake that is home to 23 species of freshwater fish and 5 species of turtles. This makes Belum-Temengor Rainforest an ideal location for a Scientific Expedition. The future of our Malaysian Rainforests and Rainforests of the world is up to us. Let's work hand-in-hand to preserve Mother Nature's priceless gift.

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

DATE OF PUBLICATION 20th May 2016

MEMBERS OF THE ORGANISING COMMITTEE • • • • • • •

Dato’ Dr Abdul Rashid Bin Ab Malik (Organising Chairman) Encik Zulfadhlan Bin Ahmad Khushairi (Secretary) Dr Daniel Baskaran Krishnapillay Encik Ahmad Najmi Nik Hassan Encik Mohd Syaiful Mohammad Encik Hamiazrim Baharim Cik Marizan Che Musa

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Pulau Banding Foundation Unit 3A-3, Level 4, Perdana The Place, Jalan PJU 8.5G, Bandar Damansara Perdana, 47830 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel: (603) 7710 7066 Fax: (603) 7710 5066 E-mail: info@pbf.org.my Website: www.pbf.org.my © Pulau Banding Foundation 2016 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrival system, without permission in writing from the Publisher

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PULAU BANDING FOUNDATION on behalf of its Patron, Advisor and Chairman extend their thanks to the following for their support to ensure the success of the 4th Royal Belum Scientific Expedition and the subsequent Symposium. •

The Prime Minister’s Department for the generous financial support for organising the Expedition and the Symposium.

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The Following Agencies who provided Qualified Manpower & Technical support during the Expedition and in Paper Presentation at the Symposium:

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Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Perak State Perbadanan Taman Negeri Perak JPAM PDRM ATM Jabatan PERHILITAN Semenanjung Malaysia Jabatan Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia USM UPM UMT UiTM UKM

- UMK - UTM - UNISEL - UM - MNS - WWF - FRIM - MARDI - Yayasan EMKAY - EMKAY Group - Belum Management and Conservation Malaysia - Belum Rainforest Resort - Setia Haruman Sdn Bhd - Rainwalker Ecosystem Sdn Bhd

Chandra Arumugam, Nik Mohd Firdaus Bin Nik Mohammad and Nik Khairul Amri Bin Nik Hassan The Preliminary Preparations for the 4th Scientific Expedition of The Royal Belum- Identification of Appropriate Trails for Maximum Exposure of the Scientists to the Terrain, Flora and Fauna

Section 3

Shamsul Sarip, Khairul Kamarudin, Khamarrul Razak, Rozaimi Che Hasan, Mohamad Zaki Hassan, Mohamed Azlan Suhot, Fitri Yakub and Mohd Yusof Md. Daud The Potential Of Micro-Hydropower Plant For Orang Asli Community In Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia Nor Hanisah Mohd. Hashim and Firdaus Chek Sulaiman Preliminary Study On The Potential Of Trail Interpretation Of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

Section 4

Nor Azmisyabika Baharom, Nurfadhilah Miskam, Nor Aniza Ibharim, Nazahatul Anis Amaludin, Sayzwani Sukri and Musfiroh Jani Soil Elemental Composition From Royal Belum Rainforest For Soil Pollution Assessment

Section 5

Mohd. Kamil Yusoff, Mohd. Rusli Yacob, Mohd. Zamani Ismail, Shamsuddin Johan and Nor hanisah Mohd. Hashim Water Quality Status As A Preliminary Indicator Of Forest Health In Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

Section 6

INTRODUCTION

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

Abdul Latiff Mohamad The Role and Function of Pulau Banding Foundation and Pulau Banding Research Centre in Promoting Biodiversity Research in Belum-Temengor Forest Complex Towards ecotourism and socio-economic development

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W. R. Wan Nur Fasihah Zarifah, M. J., Mohamad Syafiq, A. R. Norahizah, Z. Rahmad, M., Asyraf and A. Nur Zhafarina The Diversity And Abundance Of Climbers And Medicinal Value Of Selected Liana In Sungai Tiang, Royal Belum State Park, Perak

H. Maideen, M. K. Nur Aliah, A. Rohani and A. Damanhuri Diversity of Ferns and Lycophytes of Sungai Kejar and Its Vicinity in Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

Mohd. Norfaizal Ghazalli, Masrom Hasran, Nurshahidah Mohd. Rusli, Noraini Talip and A. Latiff Rare Fruits and Wild Ginger Diversity of Sungai Tiang, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

Mohd. Ilham Adenan, Chuah Ban Chung and Mohd Afiq Aizuddin Bioexploration at Royal Belum State Park: Discovery of Potential Plant with Anti-diabetic Type 2 Activities

SOIL PAPERS

Section 2

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HYDROLOGY

Foreword from the Menteri Besar of Perak, Y.A.B. Datoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Bin Abdul Kadir From the Desk of the Executive Director of the EMKAY Group Chairman of the Board of Trustees Pulau Banding Foundation, His Thoughts At the HELM of Pulau Banding Foundation, the Chief Executive Officer

FLORA

Section 1

FOREWORD

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Siti Norasikin Ismail, Muzzalifah Abd Hamid, Muhammad Zaki Zainol, Salniza Akmar Kamaruszaman and Mashhor Mansor The Distribution of Weed species at Sungai Kejar, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

B. Norfazlina, R. Wickneswari and C. Y. Choong An Inventory of Wild Bananas at Sungai Kejar, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

R. Ummul-Nazrah, K, Imin, K. Norzielawati and A. Mohd. Nazri Flora of Sungai Tiang, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Hideyuki Nagao Ascomycetes Fungi around Sungai Tiang base camp and Sungai Kuak, Royal Belum State Park

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Section 8

A.Noor-Izwan and A. Amirrudin A Preliminary Survey of Myrmecological Fauna at Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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C.Y. Choong, M. Izzat Husna and Amirrudin B. Ahmad Odonata (Insecta) Fauna of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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T. K. Kumara, Nur Farisya Mohd Saufi, Nur Aida Hashim, Masniza Abd. Aziz, Nurmursyiba Omar, Mohammad Syamin, Nur Iwani Jalaluddin and Abu Hassan Ahmad Stingless Bee Diversity in Royal Belum State Park

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C.A. Yeap, Roslan Carang, Azam Carang and Marisan Pandak A Tale of Two Roosts: Preliminary investigations into Plain-pouched Hornbill roost site(s) in the BelumTemengor Forest Complex

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Khairul Nizam Kamaruddin, Muhd. Fadhil Ab. Rasid and Awang Fairulzaini bin Awang Seman A Preliminary Inventory of Lepidoptera in Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia

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M. A. Shahfiz, A. R. Nor Hazwani, M. N. Nor Diana, M. Kaviarasu, N. M. R. Faridatul, M. R. Rizal, A. A. Azim, M. H. Azan, M. A. Hairol and A. R. Latifah Additions to Checklist of Mammals at Sungai Tiang, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia

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A.H. Suhaila, B. Intan Zulaikha and M. A. Mohd Fakhrullah Salafusalam Distribution of Plecoptera and Trichoptera (Insecta) Larvae Within Different Microhabitats in Selected Rivers of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Y. S. Tan, M. A. Azliza, W. C. Tan, C. C. Ng, M. F. Lau and S. Vikineswary Macrofungi Diversity in the Sungai Tiang Basin, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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K. Shamsul, Asmadi Sarun, Abdul Karim Mansor and Bunawan Hj. Samuri Some Flowering Plants Collected at Sungai Tiang and Sungai Kejar, Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

Nur Aida Hashim, NurIwani Jalaluddin, K. T. Krishnan, Nurmursyaiba Omar, Masniza Abd. Aziz, Mohammad Syamim Asyraf Sarum, Nur Farisya Mohd Saufi and Abu Hassan Ahmad First Report of Mosquito Breeding Sites of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Nur Iwani Jalaluddin, Abu Hassan Ahmad, Nur Aida Hashim, K. T. Krishnan, Intan H. Ishak and Nur Farisya Mohd Saufi Mosquito Species of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Section 9

Amir Shah Ruddin Md Sah, Mohd Syaiful Mohammad, Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin, Nurul Fazlinda Mohd Fadzil, Amirul AizadAbd. Aziz, Zarul Hazrin Hashim, Khaironizan Md Zin, Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzaudin Nik Him and Zary Shariman Fish Populations At Lenthic Zone Of Royal Belum State Park : A Preliminary Finding

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Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin Nik Him, Amir Shah Ruddin Md Sah, Zary Shariman Yahaya, Salsabila Soraya Rudi, Mohd Syaiful Mohammad, Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin, Nurul Fazlinda Mohd Fadzil, Amirul Aizad Abd. Aziz, Zarul Hazrin Hashim and Khaironizam Md Zin Endoparasites of Freshwater Fishes of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Rozaimi Che Hasan, Khamarrul Azahari Razak, Khairul Hisyam Kamaruddin and Shamsul Sarip Underwater Video Observations At Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Nurul Fazlinda Mohd Fadzil, Zarul Hazrin Hashim, Khaironizam Md. Zain, Amir Shah Ruddin Md Sah, Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin, Amirul Aizal Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Rasul Abdullah Halim, Nur Fadzliah Mohd Fabli and Mohd Syaiful Mohammad A Survey of Freshwater Fish Diversity of Selected Rivers in Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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G. Intan Faraha, A. W. Diana, S. A. Harmin, W. K. Wan Azman, M. R. Nasrudin, A. Amiruddin, M. FahmiAhmad, Syed A. Rizal, M. Z Khaironizam, M. S Amir Shah Ruddin, H. H. Zarul, M. F. N Fazlinda, Z. M. Shafiq, M. M. Syaiful, A. A. Amirul Aizal and A. H. Mohd Rasul Length-weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Neolissochilus soroides (Duncker,1904) From Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Zary Shariman Yahaya, Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin Nik Him, Amir Shah Rudin, Ung Sin Pei and Zarul Hazrin Hashim, Prevalence of freshwater fish parasites in selected rivers of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysia

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Amirrudin B. Ahmad, M. Fahmi-Ahmad, Syed A. Rizal, Sharr Azni Bin Harmin, Intan Faraha A.Ghani, Diana A.Wahid, Wan Azman Wan Khazaimah, Amir Shah Ruddin Md Shah, Zarul Hazrin Hashim, Nurul Fazlinda Mohd Fadzil, Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin, Mohd Syaiful Mohammad, Amirul Aizal Abdul Aziz, Mohamad Rasul Abdul Halim, M.Z. Khaironizam, Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai, Faid Rahman, Johari Sepet and Ahmad Ismail Ichthyofauna diversity of Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia

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Ng Yong Foo Fauna of Thysanoptera (Thrips) of the Royal Belum State Park, Perak

Section 1

FOREWORD

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

FOREWORD

Foreword from the Menteri Besar of Perak, Y.A.B. Datoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Bin Abdul Kadir

I am glad to be given this opportunity to pen a few words to this book of Proceedings containing the scientific

findings from the 4th Royal Belum Expedition. This expedition was jointly organized by the Perak State with the Pulau Banding Foundation. I have been told that more than 100 scientist from all the various Universities and Research Institutes participated in the event. Also I am glad to note that there will be more than 30 scientific papers that will be deliberated by the scientist during the symposium from the finding at the Royal Belum State Park particularly the Sg. Tiang and Sg. Kejar forested areas. The Royal Belum State Park is a jewel in the crown of the Perak State. This is because of its age and also the intense diversity of bioresources present in this forest. To me, I would like to see more expeditions being organized on a regular basis into all the various parts of this forest so that we can have a complete inventory of all the biodiversity in this forest reserve. Such a database is most essential for us to develop any conservation programmes of the rare species or habitats. One of the issues that is close to my heart is to ensure that this remaining forest must be protected and used sustainably. Particularly now, with the current perils of climate change we have the responsibility to protect our forest. Eco-tourism is one way where we can generate revenue for the State and at the same time ensure our natural heritage is conserved to perpetuity. What is more, is the fact that our forest in Royal Belum for the most parts still intact and pristine. I take this opportunity to thank all those who helped in organizing the expedition and this upcoming symposium and all the scientists who took time off from their busy workload to join the expedition and who will be deliberating their findings here at the seminar. I hope you all will have a successful time together over the next 3 days. Thank you

Y.A.B. Datoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Bin Abd. Kadir S.P.S.A, S.P.M.P., D.G.S.M., D.P.M.P., P.A.T., A.M.S. Chief Minister of Perak

FOREWORD

From the Desk of the Executive Director of the EMKAY Group

As the Executive Director of the EMKAY Group of Companies, I take great pleasure in penning a few words to this

proceedings of the 4th Royal Belum Scientific Expedition that will be deliberated from the 22nd - 25th May, 2016. For me this is an interesting development as we are striving to protect the Pristine Forest Complex in Belum and being able to take stock of the type of flora and fauna present there will only offer more strength and reasons to continue to protect this Forest Complex. The Expedition proper was undertaken from 8th to the 17th September, 2015. I was informed that they covered the Sungei Tiang and the Sungei Kejar areas in detail. A total of 2500 hectares were traversed with trails laid carefully such that the wildlife and the precious flora were not unduly damaged during the expedition. The Malaysian Nature Society (MNS) in May, 1993, carried out the 1st expedition in this forest complex. Subsequently, the 2nd and 3rd expeditions were organised by the Universities, Forest Department and the State of Perak from 1994 - 2010. These expeditions were small in size involving small areas with a small number of scientists.

The Pulau Banding Foundation was set up in 2008 and this is its second Scientific Expedition. The first was carried out in the Temengor forest in 2012 and now this 2nd one has been carried out in the Royal Belum Forest Complex for a period of 10 days I was also informed that a total of over 100 scientists from different disciplines were involved in the study. The area investigated covered approximately 2500 hectares. This proceeding being compiled, forms the scientific findings of the Expedition that will be deliberated during the Symposium. I hope there will be some new findings from this expedition which will become unique products that could be used for promoting eco-tourism within the Royal Belum State Park. My best wishes to all the paper presenters and those participating in this Symposium. My special thanks also go out to the Pulau Banding Foundation for organising the resources to conduct this study. I sincerely hope that the Foundation will continue their work in documenting the Flora and Fauna in the other parts of Royal Belum where not much work has yet been done. My hearty best wishes to all participants and paper presenters at this symposium.

Ahmad Khalif Tan Sri Mustapha Kamal Executive Director EMKAY Group of Companies

FOREWORD

Chairman of the Board of Trustees Pulau Banding Foundation, His Thoughts

Greetings from the Pulau Banding Foundation! As the Chairman of the Foundation, it gives me great pleasure to

invite all of you to this Symposium which will discuss the findings of the 4th Royal Belum Expedition that was carried out from the 8th - 17th September, 2015.

Before the start of the expedition, we commissioned Rainwalker Sdn Bhd to carry out a recce of the area we wanted to carry out our study. During the recce a total of six (6) new trails and two (2) loop trails were established over an area of 2500 hectares covering the Sungai Tiang and Sungai Kejar areas. The tracks were planned in such a manner that the scientists were able to maximise their respective studies of the proposed study site while travelling along these tracks. Two base camps one in Sungai Tiang and the other in Sungai Kejar were designated as the operations centre where the scientists congregated after their dayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work for their meals, specimen preservation and for discussion. The weather during the expedition was fine though there was intermittent rainfall during the period. The scientists in two groups one in Sungai Kejar and the other in Sungai Tiang locations were able to carry out their studies without much interruption to their work. During the 10 days there was real camaraderie among the scientists from the various institutions which was really commendable and welcomed. At this symposium the scientists will share and discuss their findings and this will add to the existing knowledge on the flora and fauna found in the Royal Belum State Park which for the most parts are still pristine in the interiors and not fully explored. I take this opportunity to thank all those who had participated in this expedition to make it a success. I hope from the Foundation, that we will be able to mobilise more financial resources in future to carry out more expeditions in the other parts of the forest within Royal Belum Forest Reserve. My sincere best wishes for a productive Symposium. Prof. Emer. Datoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Dr. Abdul Latiff Mohamad Chairman of Pulau Banding Foundation

FOREWORD

At the HELM of Pulau Banding Foundation, the Chief Executive Officer

As the Chief Executive Officer of the Pulau Banding Foundation, it is an honor for me to write a short message to

this proceeding of the 4th Scientific Expedition into Sungei Tiang and Sungai. Kejar areas of the Royal Belum State Park. I am happy to state that that the Foundation was able to raise the required financial resources to carry out this expedition. My special thanks go out to all our Board of Trustees who endorsed this programme and also the EMKAY Group of Companies that financially supported our efforts. The Expedition was carried out from the 8th â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 17th of September, 2015. The Expedition was organized with two objectives; the first being to carry out an inventory of the biodiversity in the area and the second being to create new tracks for hiking and for the promotion of eco-tourism. Following the successful implementation of the expedition, the Foundation has now obtained the necessary funds to organize this symposium to document the findings from the expeditions within this Royal Belum Forest Reserve. We expect a total of 30 papers to be presented on the various areas of expertise by the scientist who were invited for the expedition. This symposium will be held from 22nd -25th May, 2016. Shortly following this Symposium, we will be coming out with a coffee table book with interesting pictures from the expedition and the species found within the areas in Royal Belum State Park that had been explored. Since we were exploring a large area (2500 hectares) comprising of the Sungai Tiang and Sungai Kejar areas, we split up our scientists into two groups. One group was assigned to the base camp at Sungai Tiang while the other was assigned to the camp at Sungai Kejar. After 5 days of work they were rotated around. In this way each scientists had the opportunity to explore both the areas demarketed. As the weather was fine, and cool due to some intermittent rains, the whole expedition wet on smoothly. I must admit while working the scientists from the different organizations developed a very closely knit relationship among themselves which was most notable. I wish to thank all the researchers who in-spite of their busy schedules took time off to participate in the expedition to make it a success. I also hope that we can continue to carry out such expeditions from time to time in other parts of the Belum-Temengor Forest Complex particularly within the Belum Forest Reserve where there are many more areas of this forest that has not been fully explored and whose floral and faunal inventory is not complete. My sincere best wishes for a successful Symposium.

Datoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Dr. Abdul Rashid Abd Malik Chief Executive Officer Pulau Banding foundation

Section 2

INTRODUCTION

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

INTRODUCTION

Section 3

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

Section 4

SOIL PAPERS

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

SOIL PAPERS

Section 5

HYDROLOGY

ROYAL 4 BELUM Proceedings of the th

SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

HYDROLOGY

Section 6

FLORA

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SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

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Section 7

FUNGI

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2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

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Section 8

FAUNA

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SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION

2015

22nd - 25th May 2016 Pulau Banding Foundation

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Section 9

AQUATIC

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