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Peilin Cao

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783864

Unit #2

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Contents 0.0 Introduction 1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

Precedent StudY

1.1 1.2

14 Billion (working title) at Baltic Eiffel Tower

Site Analysis

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4

City Grid Degraves St. Diagram of Pedestrian Flow Site Diagrams

Design Methods

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

Material Experiment Growing Matrix Diagrams Joints Development Infill System Assembly Process Final Configuration

Reflection

5.0 Appendix 5.1 5.2 5.3

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Biography Credit Bibliography

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0.0 Introduction “One cannot make architecture without studying the condition of life in the city�

Aldo Rossi Mage cities are the future. It is projected that two third of the world’s population would live in cities. The time of smart urban environments is coming, which are more intelligent for diverse demands of citizens for cultural communication, mechanical operation, and substance flows etc.

The context of this workshop aimed to explore the relationship of modern metropolitan network and future architectures. We will go through Melbourne current facts, discuss its future potential, and attempt to find an efficient way that city is able to grow vertically and connect horizontally.

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1.0 Precedent Study Precedents work displays some architectures or projects which appears during the lecture presentation and extra research. Those studies provide innovations for our intellegence skyscraper concept – playing with city scale, density, and intensity.

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1.1 14 Billion (working title) at Baltic Tomas Saraceno with team work, 2010 Departing from the science’s use of spider web which conceptualized the structure of urban grid, Saraceno explored possible visions of better spatial configurations for future city. Taking his inspiration from urban present environment, his idea of future urban grid reshapes the perceptions of on property, and more complicated relations within our life.

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1.2 Eiffel Tower Maurice Koechlin & Emile Nouguier, 1887-1889 This iron tower with a square base as a cultural and monumental symbol in Pairs for the anniversary of the French Revolution. It shows the architecture form communicates with culture, history and engineering.

The stability, stiffness and connection of building requests for high quality assembly, due to the exposed structure. All the elements were designed and prefabricated into five meters pieces, accurately. The construction process of tower emphasizes the method to connect the elements which ensure the continuity of the structure.

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2.0 Site Analysis As Tony Fry mentioned, ‘When we [human beings] were small in numbers and our technology means…were very limited, the impacts of our action were low’. The generation of highrise buildings derived from the gathering of human activities. Thus, there cannot be entirely freedom in site selection. It must follow the reasons of city plan, people’s living patterns, and environmental influences.

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Site plan & Elevation

2.1 City Grid The Map of Melbourne is in a rectangular grid network as shown. The CBD area is governed by groups of main roads, Swanston St. and Elizabeth St. which perpendicularly intersect with Bourk St., Collins St., Flinders St., etc. For the increasing demands of land use, the simple city grids form merely with main roads is not enough. There are small lanes emerging for various circulations, activities, and social communications within each block core surrounding the building clusters within the block cores.

The laneway system is provided with complex definitions by large population flows. They are no longer functioned simply as path ways, but a special public area where commercial activities, street art display, people dwelling, and streams of moving take place at the same time.

The yellow high-lightened area is our proposed building position. We considered the combination of the complex laneway system with high-rise architectural form to meet the future urban development. The idea is to increase the layers and levels of laneway system through high-rise form, and enrich the functions of building system through blending with laneway activities.

Main road transportation Laneway system within one block core Proposed building position

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2.3 Diagram of Pedestrian Flow

2.2 Degraves St. Just across Flinders Ln. from Centre Place, Bustling Degraves Street is a typical Melbourne laneway which crowded with restaurants, hole-in-the-wall cafĂŠs, tiny shops, street art, tourists, workers, pedestrians. The lane is narrow yet effective overlapping of public walking area and private space. The canopy seats could be regarded as an extension of indoor dining activities sharing the space with passers-by, which is an interesting western catering culture phenomenon.

Flow of the pedestrians along the lane.

The images shows the people in static and dynamic positions, where they have the options to stay in place, and transfer to other places freely. In relation, we consider our design of new skyscraper system could keep a part of the function of the laneway, which achieves this position transitions.

Dynamic

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Static

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2.4 Site Diagrams Designed high-rise form in proposed site, which links the laneway area with surrounding buildings.

Laneway area

The parts of existing building proposed to be taken down for building site.

Pedestrian flow

Negative space occupied by existing buildings.

Attraction point Circulation access the laneway from main streets surrounding a block of building cluster.

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3.0 Design Method ‘Design involves a thinking activity and an executive activity’ (S. A. Gregory), which concerns with making human values. This process is not simply based paper drawing, yet mostly hand crafting to explore an ideal architectural form. Through lots of practical work, the design responds to the reasons analyzed previously.

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3.1 Material Experiment Cane, is a kind of thin, malleable and woody material, which performs well in bending and twisting with enough length.

Initially, we played with cane sticks and try to find certain basic module, until we came up with a tetrahedral structure. In geometry, there are six cane sticks structuring the edges and four faces for a tetrahedron module. It shows workable volume in the middle, and potential to grow in all directions logically.

Cooperating with the specific property of cane material, the triangular pyramid structure not only keeps stable, but has more variations and deformation by bending, twisting, or adjusting the length of cane sticks, through applying forces on joints.

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ONE NODE ONE NODE CONNECTION CONNECTION

TWO NODES TWO NODES CONNECTION CONNECTION

THREE NODES THREE NODES CONNECTION CONNECTION

VERTICAL

HORIZONTAL

CORE

SUPPORT (TRANGULATE)

COMPOSITE MODULE

ONE ONE MODULE MODULE

TWO TWO MODULES MODULES

THREE THREE MODULES MODULES

3.2 Growing Matrix Diagrams FOUR FOUR MODULES MODULES

In terms of growing method, we found there are diverse outcomes, while obeying different connection principles – one node connection, two node connection, and three nodes connection.

However, single node could easily develop in shape of triangular pyramid, while also generate loops with bending property of cane. The structure with loops performs a high quality of elasticity, which hinder the stability of the high-rise building.

TEN TEN MODULES MODULES

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So we tried to control the malleability of material, elasticity of the module and rise the rigidity of the structure, by increasing the density of core. It combines the three growing method that we explored, and produced a composite module in diamond shape.

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Initial version of MDF disk joints

3.3 Joints Development For quickly form exploration and finding, masking tape and cable tie were applied at beginning.

Then we developed a series of disk-shape joints with holes, which get three cane sticks grouped stuck in the middle. And multiple disks are bolted through the surrounding holes to achieve structural growth.

To simplify the joints for complex configuration, we tried to 3d print multiple ways joints. It provides more elegant outlook with our system. But it spends much time that we cannot wait.

3D-print multiple ways joints Considering the flexible advantage of cane and structural logic of configuration, we modify the initial disk joints: adding the number of triple holes on MDF plate to for 2-way connection, 4-way connection; using notches to connect dicks, rather than bolts. It reaches our goal of simplifying the previous joints to some extent.

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Modified version of MDF disk joints

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3.4 Infill System To emphasize the spatial quality, we explored different type of infill system.

After testing the surface effect of dense string weaving, paper mache, polypropylene, and fabrics, yet the high flexible nature of cane made these systems difficult to control. In the end, vacuum formed plastic is designed, which keeps a consistency with our tensile structure, materializes the space inside the skeletal system, and adds perspectives for high dense formation.

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3.5 Assembly Process Since there is no additional glue applied for disk joints and triple-grouped cane sticks, which tightly get stuck completely relying on friction. The assembly process really hurts our fingers, while pushing sticks going through the holes.

The method is making 40 pyramids with core structure in the middle, and then combining each two pyramids to a shape of diamond. Through adding composite modules, we got three legs, which cannot stand up separately. As a result, they stay in a balance and can keep grow, while joining them together.

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3.6 Final Configuration

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4.0 Reflection As a 12-day intensive design studio, AA subject is really a challenge yet exciting experience. It very broads my opportunities of being a designer for the first attempt to complete a high-rise project interlinked with urban perspective. I also got training for the skill projecting my design into reality quickly through practice form finding method of design, and gain lots of inspiration of how to become a professional architect from my tutors, advisors and group members.

Although we are expected to work out a final design, two weeks are too short to achieve the best design performance. For joints, 3d print joints would generate better effect for our system, but this option was blocked by time limit.

Review the completion of this subject, I get much benefits from the procedure. Not only has my operation of digital programs, such as grasshopper, got some fundamental knowledge, but it is also one of my valuable experience working as a team at my early design stage. In general, the process was interesting, during which there were several fancy ideas were come up, which have the potential to examine in the future.

This project urged me to think about the future development of the architecture from urban view. Both of them are experiencing development, evolution, and challenges, as production of civilization. ‘Highrise building allows us to achieve density when and where, by mixing tall, medium-high and low buildings’ (Otto Glaus). The new urban form probably would be highly organized and more intelligent through vertical growth and horizontal connections, which is also the outcome of design and thinking.

The tutor’s opinions were supportive and lectures were helpful. I would also thank my group mates, Mo, Doug, and Bi, with whom I worked together all the time during 12 days. It has been a priceless memory full of effort and encouragement.

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5.0 Appendix

Group members and tutor

Laser cut jobs & 3d print job for joints design

Sketch book

Grasshopper algorithm

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Model in exhibition

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5.1 Biography I’m Peilin Cao, born in China. Currently, I just finishing my second year of Bachelor of Environment, architecture major, at University of Melbourne, who is passionate in coming up fancy ideas, problems solving and pursued a visual arts level. I always enjoy design and creation process, and get plenty of interest in architecture, which enlightening human life.

Studio Earth Point/Line/Plane | 2017

Studio Earth Mass | 2017

Studio Earth Keeping Secret | 2017

Digital Design & Fabrication Second Skin | 2017

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5.2 Credits Page Cover 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

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Drawings/Diagramming X

3D Model X XX XX

Model Making

Photography X

Writing X

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5.3 Bibliography

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Fry, T. 2008, Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Framework for Architecture, n.p: Chinchester: Wiley, pp.1-28.

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Glaus, O. 1967, ‘Thoughts on Future Development’, cited in Aregger, H & Glaus, O. Highrise Building And Urban Design, n.p: London: Thames & Hudson, c.1967.

Gregory, S. A. 1966, The Design Method, n.p: London: Butterworths, 1966.

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Images Tomas Saraceno with team work, 2010. 14 Billion [Online]. Available at: http://www. domusweb.it/en/news/2010/07/22/tomas-saraceno-14-billion-working-title-at-baltic.html Accessed 25 July.

Eiffel Tower [Online], 1887-1889. Paris. Available at: http://www.toureiffel.paris/en/everythingabout-the-tower/69#01 Accessed 25 July.

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