The Chronicle, Fall 1991 by PennNursing

Fall 1991 Vol4 No 1

ISSN 1049-2259

DOROTHY .ANN MERENESS OCTOBER

31, 1910 - APRIL 20, 1991

Dorothy Ann Mereness' parents were aghast when they heard of her intentions to become a nurse. Her father, in particular, did not approve of the idea because be •• ...thought nurses knew too much about sex." Her mother also tried to dissuade her but for sounder reasons; she did not believe Dorothy's inquisitive nature would be satisfied in a profession that demanded unquestioning obedi ence. Dorothy's" . . .personaI Florence Nightingale ...," a nurse roommate of two years when Dorothy was a grade school teacher at Center Colorado and Las Animas, however, bad already inspired her to the point of no return. Under this nurse's guidance Dorothy set otT to Western Reserve University (now Case Western Reserve University), one of two schools in the country that accepted college graduates in 1938. Not having carefully read Western's Bulletin, Dorothy was a bit surprised when she discovered that psychiatric nursing was part oftbe curriculum. After hearing" . . .horrendous stories about [the] terrible patients . .." nurses encountered, Dorothy decided that she could manage as they bad. Her interest in psychiatric nursing did not fully peak, however, until she attended the lectures of Louis 1. Kamosb, professor of Nervous Diseases at Western Reserve's Medical School and clinical director of the Psychiatric Division ofCleveJand City Hospital (now Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital). Dr. Kamosh's new textbook, Esselltials o/Psychiatn'c Nursing (now Mereness' Essentials o/Psychiatric Nursing), and Dorothy's six-week: psychiatric nursing experience solidified her interest in the field. From this point on, Dorothy's life included psychiatric nursing .

•• •

Dorothy Ann Mereness lived to see many developmental changes in psychiatric nursing. As part of the nwsing educaDoro~hy at her desk. Cleveland City tionaJ leadership originally trained in psychiatric nursing HospItal c.a. 1945. dwiog the 1930s and 1940s Dorothy saw the government-funded growth of the country's psychiatric teams - psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric social workers, and psychiatric nurses - needed to cope with the large numbers of mentally ill soldiers who bad served in World Warn. She participated in and observed the development of a profession that began with nlJJSes with only six observation experience supervising World War II Army psychiatric hospitals. Dorothy also made some changes herself; she developed and directed a Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Curriculum at New York University (1955-1963) The because she believed that tbe nmse should have theoretical preparation equal to that of the physician. And, of course, Dorothy pioneered the transition that saw nurses become the lead authors of psychiatric texts. Dorothy Ann Mereness' death on April 20, 1991, is a deeply-felt loss to those who UNIVERSIl Y OF PENN YLVANIA knew her and to the innumerable students who have read and will read her textbook. SCHOOL OF NURSING We at the University of Pennsylvania School ofNwsing will greatly miss our second dean. Friends of Dean Mereness have been making conJributions in her memory to the Center. (For fwtber background on Dorothy Ann Mereness. please see " Recent Acquisitions" beginning on page 4.) Speciallhanks to Pat O'Brien D'Antonio 's 1985 oral history interview with Dorothy Mereness and 10 Dr. Neville Strnmp/

Center/or

Study of The Hi tory of Nur ing

CENTER FOR THE

NEWS FROM THE CENTER

S11JDYOFTIIE

HISTORY OF NURSING 1991 marks the Center's entry into the world of international nursing. The four-year study conducted in conjunc tion with the International Council of Nurses will enable the Center to encour age and facilitate lllstorical scholarship in health on the international leve\. The Center will continue to create and maintain a resource for historical

research pertaining to the development of the nursing profession and of health care lllstory in the United States; to improve the quality and scope of historical scholarslllp in nursing; and to disseminate new knowledge in nursing lllstory through education, conferences, publications, and inter-disciplinary collaboration. Current projects at the Center range from studies ofbome-basednursing, research on care of the critically ill, to the 20th century relationship between nursing and American philanthropy. We also continue to collect, process, and catalogue an outstanding collection of primary lllstorical materials.

Feel free to visit the Center. Monday-Friday. 9:00-5:00 p.m. Scholars planning to conduct research at the Center should contact the Center's curator. Our curator wil l respond with a description of the scope and content of relevant materials in the various collections. Center Advltory Boud Lillian Sholtis Brunner, Chair M. Louise Fitzpatrick. Vice Chair Helen Edwards Jeaooe Kiefner Ann P. Knight Nadine Landis Eleanor C. Lambert5en Mark Frazier Lloyd Charles E. Rosenberg Thelma SchOTI Stephanie A. Stachniewicz Tina Weintraub

Center Staff Joan E. Lynaugb, RN, PhD, FAAN Director Ellen D. Baer. PhD, FAAN Associate Director Karen Buhler-Wilkerson. RN. PhD, FAAN Associate Director David M. Weinberg, MSLS, CA Curator Carla Castillo Editor andAdministrative ..urista"t

NURSING AND HEAITH CARE IN THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION Individuals researching nursing and health care in the Mid-Atlantic area will greatly profit from the Directory 0/ Nursing Sources in the Mid-Adantic Region, published by the Center/or the Study a/the History ofNursing. The Directory describes the locations, contents, and condition ofdocuments related to the history and organization of nursing and health care. Center staff arranged the 190 survey responses contained in the Directory into two sections, "Institutional Profiles" and "Records Checklist." In the fonner researchers will find basic background information on the existence, availability. and management of institutional records; institution type and dates of establishment and incorporation; and almnni associations. The " Records Checklist" section provides infonnation on the existence ofsurviving records, such as a.dm.inist.ra tive records (e.g., annual reports) and various miscellaneous materials (e.g., photo graphs andjoumals). The DireCiory is avrulabJe for reference at the Center; those interested may purchase a copy for $34.00, plus $2.00 shipping and handling. (Ibe DireCiory is a product of the Center's 'Mid-Atlantic Nursing History Sources, Survey. Appraisal, and Acquisition Project" funded by the National Historical Publica tions and Records Commission.) NATIONAL HISTORICAL PuBLICATIONS AND REcoRDS CoMMISSION

AWARDS PROCESSlNG GRANT TO THE CENTER The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) recently awarded the Center $65,960 for a two year •'Nursing History Processing and Catalog ing Project" 'The funds will enable the Center to hire a project archivist to process nearly 300 linear feet of the Center's important, yet currently inaccessible manuscript collections. The funds will also be used to process some of the collections acquired through the recently completed NHPRC-funded "Mid-Atlantic Nursing History Sources Survey, Appraisal, and Acquisition Project." The following collections will be available to researchers in their completed and accessible fonn within the next two years. Albert Einstein Medical Center School ofNursing Records, 1930-1986, 2 linear feel AJumnae Association of Mercy-Douglass Hospital School ofNursing Collection, 1896 1980, 1.4 linear feet. Athens County Visiting NUJSes Association Records, 1982-1989. 6.S linear feet. Ann L. Austin Papers, 1940-1970, 1 linear foot. Brandywine Home Health Agency Records, 1917-1988, 10 linear feet. Mary Brennan Papers, 1941-1982,2 linear feet. History ofNumng in Philadelphia Records, 1973-1974,0.5 linear feet. Lock Haven Hospital Records, 1896-1964, 2.4 linear feet. Mercy-Douglass Hospital School of Nursing Records, 1896-1983 IS linear feet. Pennsylvania League of Nursing Records, 1948-1989, 9 linear feet. Pennsylvania Nurses' Association, District I Records, 1919-1973, 13 linear feet. Presbyterian School of Nursing Records, 1871-1987. 120 linear feet. Alice Merritt Robinson Papers, 1920-1983,8 linear feet. Thelma M Schorr Papers, 1968-1989. 1.6 linear feet. Starr Centre Association of Philadelphia Records, J897-1954, S.5linear feet. Edna E. LaPorte StrumpfPapers, 1934-1977, l1inear foot. Rose Anna Tram Papers, 1926-1970, 1 linear foot. Visiting Nurse Association of Allegheny County Records, 1918-1982, 18 linear feet. Visiting Nurse Association of Ambler & Vicinity Records, 1922-1984, 10 linear feet. Visiting Nurse Association of Greater Philadelphia Records, 1976-1981, 5 linear feet. Visiting Nurse Associatioo ofWashiogton County .Records, 1918-1982, 27 linear feet. Woman's HOfll'ital of Philade I phla Records, 1861-1964,7 linear feet.

(continued on page 10)

THE INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF NURSING organi.ze its activities, and seek credibil ity from society. Nursing pioneer.> believed that they offered an esoteric service to the public based on some conception of knowledge. As emerging professionals, nurses proCessed "to know." Historians have analyzed the collective mentality or ideology of nursing over time and characterize nineteenth-century nursing using concepts such as duty, obedi ence, and domesticity. Ideas of reform and efficiency influenced early twentieth century nursing while late twentieth-century nurses identified with ideas of technology, power, and human interaction. Diane Hamilton (right) and Lillian Sholtis Brunner meet althe Ideology does Center 's annual spring Twilight Procession, 1991 . reflect ideas and the contours of the social context change knowledge, but it neither describes nor over time, however, beliefs, ideas, and explains the particular or discursive facts also change creating new priorities knowledge of nursing. This study seeks to and perceived realities. go behind the ideology of nursing to locate concepts, concept fonnation, and Nurse theorists and nurse philoso phers, have begun, since the 1960s, to truth claims. Over time the continuity or formulate an agenda for discovering and discontinuity of thought patterns, rules of articulating the profession's "body of fonnatioo or cessation of ideas, and knowledge" and "ways of knowing. " authority that governs knowledge NIB'se philosophers enthusiastically validation constrain and shape "nursing identify Florence Nightingale as the knowledge." As thls is a preliminary profession's first "theorist," but they inquiry into the intellectual traditions of remorsefully suggest that the years nursing, this study is necessarily tenta between 1865 and 1955 were uneventful, tive. Given the current state of the art, no dormant years for the development of historical analysis of thinking and ideas nursing knowledge. The ninety year could pretend definjtiveness, yet the hiatus of intellectual development within exploration of the intellectual history of nursing is attributed to the predominance nursing will yield insight on the organiza ofdiploma programs that, it is claimed, tion, structure, and source of nursing "neither encouraged noc respected knowledge. thinking." While it is probably tempting Dr. Diane Hamilton is an assistant to assume that the professioo's current professor at the Medical University of thinking displays the intellectual sophisti Soutll Carolina College ofNursing in cation absent in a by-gone era, such an Charleston, South Carolina. She is the asswnption is less than useful for nursing current holder of the /99/ Lillian Sholtis epistemology. Bnmner Summer Fellowship for Histori From a historical perspective, nursing cal Research in Nursing and has recently in the late nineteenth century clearly did completed eight weeks ofresidential try to distinguish itself from other groups, study using resources al the Center.

The common notion that modem ideas are !ruperioc to ideas of the past infers that the pursuit, definition, and ocganization oCknowledge is free from social, economic, and institutional factors. As

NURSING RESEARCH SPECIAL HrsroRICAL ISSUE Watch for the January/February

1992 issue of Nursing Research celebrating the fortieth anniversary oftbe founding of the journal in 1952. This issue will focus entirely on new historical research in nursing. As the second issue of its kind, we await as positive a reception as that received by the January/February 1987 issue. A special panel of historian-reviewers assembled by Editor florence Downs have reported an excellent response to the call for papers.

LILLIAN SHOLTIS BRUNNER

SUMMER

FELLOWSHIP The Lillian Sholtis Bronner Summer Fellowship for Historical Research in Nursing will again be offered in t 992 by the Center for the Study ofthe History ofNursing at the University ofPennsylvania Mat and Lillian Brunner's generosity makes it possible foc the Center to offer thls research fellowship supporting 6 to 8 weeks of residential study and use of the Center's collections. Selection of Bronner scholars will be based on evidence of preparation and/or productivity in historical research related to nursing. Brunner scholars will work under the general direction of nurse historians associated with the Center. Research completed by the Fellows will help insure the growth of scholarly work on nursing history. Applicants for the $2,500 Brunner Fellowship should contact Center Director Joan Lynaugh at the Center for the Study ofthe History of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, 307 Nursing Education Building, Philadelphia PA 19104-6906, or caU2IS-898 4502. The Fellowship application deadline is December 31, 1991.

IN MEMORY OF

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

C. WOOD, MD, 1901 - 1990

Fagin. Qaire M. 1926-1991, 23 linearfeet.

FRANCIS

An esteemed friend ofbistory and a respected physician, Francis Clark Wood, died December 16, 1990. Dr. Wood spent a lifetime in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. After retirement he helped create and enthusiastically supported the Francis C. Wood Institute for the History of Medicine based at the CoUege ofPbysicians ofPhiladelprua. The Institute is a vital, interdisciplinary resomce that brings together scholars from various fields to study modem problems using ahistorical perspec tive. Dr. Wood thoroughly enjoyed participating in the Institute's seminars. His foresight., humanity, and warmth will be missed.

Fagin received her BS from Wagner CoUege School ofNtirsing in Staten Island, New York (1948); an MA from Teacher's College, Colwnbia University; and a PhD from New York University (1964). Her dissertation., "The Effects of Matema1 Atten dance during Hospitalization on the Behavior ofYoung Children," received national attention. Fagin's career influenced scholarly directions in psychiatric-mentalhealtb nursing and she bas become a major figure in United States and international nursing affairs. Under her leadership as dean at the University of Pennsylvania, the School of Nursing became a weU-known and respected institution, visible both domestically and internationally. Fagin has edited several acclaimed books in the fields ofpsychiatric and pediatric nursing, including Family Centered Nursing in Community Psychiatry: Treatment in (he Home and Nursing in Child Psychiatry. She bas written nwnerous scholarly articles and papers and has given many speeches. She will retire as dean of the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing al the end of 1991 and assume the presidency of the National League for Nursing.

This collection spans Fagin's professional tife, including her course work as a master's and PhD student and course materials she prepared as a faculty member at Lehman CoUege. Fagin's extensive collection of articles and speeches illustrates her many interests. Her files also include her papers from her current tenure as dean at the University of Pennsylvania, papers from her tenure as president of the American Orthopsychiatric Association, personal papers and photographs, correspondence, and an interesting chronicle of New York City's West Side Urban Renewal Project. (continued on page 6)

NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURY VALUABLES

The Centerfor the Study o/the

Pennsylvania School of Nursing. Dr. Rogers' gift appropriately links the policy focused accomplishments of two

formidable nursing leaders. Nightingale's studies oftbe health and nounce the donation of Anny Sanitary efficiency of the British Army, the Administration and its medical bistory oCthe Refoml Under the Late Lord r -- - -- - - - - - - , - - - - - - - - - - - - - , Crimean War, and hospital

History ofNursing is pleased to an-

Herbert (1862) by Florence Njghtingale and Mortality ofthe British Anny, at

\1"1\ I

"I • \' I

Home. at Home and Abroad. and During the Russian War, as Compared with the Mortality o/the Civil Population in England (1858) attributed to Fl~ rence Nightingale. David E . Rogers, Walsh McDermott University Professor of Medicine at the New Yodt Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and former president of the Robert Wood Johnson FOlmdatioD, one of the nation's largest and most influential health care philanthropies, donated these fascinating nineteenth centmy documents in recognition of Claire Fagin, dean of the University of

I '"

"The Diagrams represent the ANNUAL RATE o/Mortality per 1000 in the Hospitals o/the Army in the East/or each Month/rom April 1854 to March /856. " From Mortality Q/the British Army. /858.

mortality led to her title "the passionate statisti cian." Today, in the latter half oftbe twentieth century. using Nightingale's technique of amassing and presenting convincing data, Dean Fagin brings the force ofreason and a persuasive grasp oftbe total picture to bear on our oppressive contemporary health problems. We deeply appreciate Dr. Rogers' thoughtful and significant recognition of our Dean as she steps away from the deanship. She willcootinue with her passionate pursuit of better nursing care for all people. (For further backgroWld on Dean Claire Fagin., please see "Recent Acquisitions" above.)

"AT RISK: THE DANGEROUS SICK AND THEIR CARETAKERS" NURSING HISTORY SEMINAR OF THE SECOND

ANNuAL

PENN NURSING HIsmRY ASSEMBLY At this year's second annual confer ence devoted to the exploration of contemporary health concerns, attendees listened to presentations from four notable speakers: Barbara Bates, MD, MA. lecturer, University of Pennsylvania Schools of Medicine and Nursing; EUen D. Baer, RN, PhD, FAAN, associate professor, University of Pennsylvania Scbool Nursing; Meryn E. Stuart, RN. PhD, assistant professor, School of Nursing and Adjunct Hannah Professor ofIlistory of Medicine, University of Ottawa., Canada; and Stephen V. Holt, president, Visiting Nurse Association of Greater Philadelphia. Dr. Bates' presentation, "Into the Homes, Minds, and Lives of the Poor: The Visiting Nurse and Tuberculosis. 1890s to 1917," chronicled the history of the disease and raised some questions regarding authority over the care of the sick. Dr. Bates' talk forms partofa 10 year study of the history of tuberculosis that soon wiU be available to the public,

iJargaining/or Life: A Social History 0/ Tuberculosis (University ofPennsylvania Press, forthcoming 1992). Prof. Baer's response, 'The Danger ous Sick and Their Caretakers: AIDS," detailed the reality oftoday's epidemic. Using personal knowledge and the broad experience gained from working with nursing students learning about AIDS, she related today's societal responses to this fatal virus to Dr. Bate's chronicle of tuberculosis. Prof. Baer also is conduct ing research on the intellectual history of nursing. Dr. Stuart opened her presentation, '''1be Government Have Sent Us': Public Health Nurses in Northern Ontario, 1920 through 1925," by recounting muses' experiences in two small Ontario communities. These nurses were part of the Board of Health of Ontario's child welfare project - a project that focused on "health educa tion" without erasiog the effects of poverty or providing expert care in the

case of serious illness. Dr. Stuart, a well known Canadian public health nurse

historian, is currently doing biographical research on Canadian nurses. Mr. Holt closed the seminar with "Philadelphia and Contemporary America vs. Ontario in the 1920s." By comparing 1920s Ontario and present day Philadelphia., Mr. Holt was able to discuss the type of care given to ill individuals, and nurses' changing roles during these two periods. Mr. Holt has had a distinguished career in home health care with the Visiting Nurse Associations of Dallas, Texas, and New York City. He is an expert in dealing with the problems of delivering health care services to cities hroughout the United States. 1be Center wishes to thank the pre senters for their wonderful and thooght provoking talks and looks forward to the third nursing history conference in October 1993.

1992 TRADmONAL PROCESSION 10 THE WOODLANDS

THE

CEME1ERY: ALICE FISHER AND

PHILADELPffiA'S NURSES REMEMBERED Every spring Philadelphia's nnrses honor their forebears with a traditional march to the graves of AJjce Fisher and S. Lillian Clayton at The Woodlands Cem etery. These historic figures symbolize the vital and enduring qualities of the history of nOISing in Philadel phia. In 1992 the Center/or the Study o/the History 0/ Nursing wiU honor these historic figures and modem day nurses with the traditional Procession to The The tradition ofthe Procession dates back to the death of Alice Fisher in Woodlands Cemetery. The Procession will be held on J888. Regarded as a heroine for her reforms in patient care at the City May 1st, 1992, from 12:30 to 2:30 p.m. It will begin Hospital, Philadelphia townspeople and professionals alike with introductions at the School ofNursin.g on the commemorated her memory for decades after her de(1th with Q University of Pennsylvania campus. From there the procession 10 her grave. Reinstating this tradition honors aI/ of Watson Bagpipers will lead the marchers to The Philadelphia's nurses. Woodlands Cemetery for a brief graveside ceremony and a reception in The Woodlands Cemetery's ancestral Hamilton Mansion. The Center welcomes all members and friends of history to this event. Please RSVP at 215-898-4502 by April 13, 1992.

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

(continued/rom page 4)

JohllSlone, Marie, 1906, 1 folder. Johnstone graduated from the Provident Hospital and Training School fOr Nurses, class of 1906. Provident Hospital served the African-American community of Chicago and was the first of its kind in the United States. opening in 1891. This small collection consists of Johnstone's diploma (with an exterior image of the hospital) and a fonnal group portrait of her grnduating class. Keeler. Jane D., 1935-1985, 0.6 linear feet. Keeler trained at the Sl Luke's Hospital School of Nursing in New York City, class of 1942. After World War n she attended Columbia University's Teachers College where she received a BS (1949) and MA (1954) in Public Health Nursing. Keeler served as head nurse in St Luke's Hospital (1942-1943, 1945-1947); she also served in the United Stales Anny Nur.;e Corps (1943-1945). Keeler worked fOT the Visiting Nurses Association of Brooldyn (1947-1958) and the National League for Nursing's Department of Publk Health Nursing (1958 1960). Tn 1960 she became the executive directa" of the Visiting Nurse A.swciation (VNA) of New Haven until her retirement in 1982.

Immunization

0/ sclrool children in Moorestown.

Ni. co. }9JO.

Keeler's collection documents the evolution of her career in the nursing profession, ranging from her training school days to her directorship of the VNA of New Haven. The collection includes persooal and biographical material (e.g., an oral history interview, 1985) and speeches. In addition, Keeler's various files reflect her work with such professional and educational organizations as the Association of Community Health Service Agencies, the COWlCll of Medical Social Services Boord, and the Community Service Society of New York. Landis. Nadine. 1930-1988. 21 linearfeet. Landis trained at the Hospital of the University ofPennsylva nia (BUP) School of Nursing, class of 1946. Following her grnduation from HUP, Landis and the nurses of her generation were the first to secure graduate nurse positions in hospitals. After a life-time career at IillP, Landis retired this past Febru ary. Landis, and her colleagues from the BUP School of Nursing Alumni Association, gathered together an impressive array of materials doclDIlenting the growth and decline ofhospitaJ-based

training schools and the exponential growth of university-based health care delivery systems. Although the papers date back to 1930, the bulk of the collection covers the years when Landis served as an adm.i.nistrator at HUP (1960s-1991). Her papers from this period consist of internal files, reports, and other papers covering Landis' professional work. This collection also documents her training on HUP wards and her early work as a grnduate nurse in the early- to mid-twentieth century (e.g., reports of the Nursing School, 1934-1939, and the first and second reports of the Commission on Grading ofNm:sing Schools, 1930 and 1932). The Center expects to acquire additional material from Landis and the Alumni Association within the year. As the collection is processed, Center staff will divide the collection into the Landis Papers and the Almnni Association Collection. Lock Haven Hospital. /896-1964, 2.4 linear feet. This collection, acquired through the recently completed National Historical Publicatioos and Records Commission funded survey project, documents the beginning ofa small, rural hospital in central Pennsylvania. Lock Haven Hospital opened its doors in September 1896. Two weeks later one student matriculated in the hospital's training school. The school subsequently closed in 1938. This collection includes minute books (]89~1938), annual reports (1898-1913), and some material documenting the revival of the school of nursing circa World War II. The collection docwnents the care provided to the workers of Lock Haven's timber and transpor1ation industries. The Center expects to receive additional records from Lock Haven Hospital within the year. Mereness. DororthyAnn, /910-1991, 3.2Iinearfoet. Mereness entered nursing in 1941 after teaching for several years following her graduation from Case Western Reserve University. Mereness became prominent in the emerging field of psychiatric Dtu-sing. She was involved with the early National Institutes of Mental Health and. after completion of graduate study at the University of Pittsburgh, went on to publish widely. Mereness is well known for her notable textbook, Essentials of Psychiatric Nursing (now Mereness' Essentials ofPsychiatric Nursing) . Mereness initiated aod directed the grnduate D1B'Sing progrnm at New York University before serving as the second dean oftbe University of Pennsylvania School ofNursing. Following her retirement from Penn, Mereness served as executive direct« of the Pennsylvania Nurses' Association, District 1. The Mereness Papers include correspondence, memorabilia, printed material, reports. subject files, speeches. and other docwnents profiling her career as a psychiatric nurse, dean, and executive director. Moorestown Visiting Nurse Association, 1909-1986. 3.5 linear feet. The Moorestown Visiting Nurse A.swciation (MYNA) was founded in 1904 as a small volWltary agency in southern New Jersey. The Association cared for the industrial policy holders of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company ("Mother Met") beginning in 1926 and the John Hancock Life Insurance (continued on page 8)

THE INVEN1DRY:

A FINDING Am TO THE PAST

Researching nursing's historical legacy wou1d be incredibly difficuJt without the aid of the descriptive inventory. Ai) the end product of the work: that goes into the arrangement and descrip tion of manuscript collections, the inventory is the chief source of infonnation about a coUectioD. Although varying in level of detail, inventories help researchers interpret whether or not a collection will answer their questions. Inventories often include biographical sketches (for personal papers) or historical sketches (for organizational records) of the creator, scope and content notes about the collection, summary statements about each series, and a detailed shelf list that often includes a folder by folder listing within each series. Researchers may consult the Center's inventories in the Center's reading room. Inventories are also available upon request for a fee of$0.25 per page, plus $2.00 shipping. Center inventories are distributed in microfiche as part of the National InvenJory ofDocumentary Sources in the United States (Cbadwyck-Healey, Inc.). The list below represents recently completed inventories at the Center. Each entty includes the collection title, date range, extent. and nmnber of pages. Subsequent fall issues of The

Chronicle will list additional completed inventories.

Linda H. Aiken, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Papers,

1972-1986, 9.81inear feet, 10 pages. American Nephrology Nurses' Association Oral History Project, 1986-1987, 0.2 linear feet, 2 pages. Andrew G. Cortin Association of Army Nurses Records, 1861 1903, 0.2 linear feet, 2 pages.

Adaline Chase Papers, ca. 1900-1975, 1.6 linear feet 4 pages. Children's Hospital ofPhiladelphia School ofNursing Records, 1891-1987. 1.1 linear feet, 1 pages. MaryU. Clymer Papers ca 1886-1889, 0.2 linear feet, 2 pages. Dorothy MaJks Eataugh Scrapbook, 1938, I volume, 2 pages. SaraMaiterErrickson Papers, 1937-1989, 0.8 linear feet, 3 pages. Freedmen's Hospital Nurses Alumni Club of Pbiladelphia Records, 1973-1986, 0.1 linear foot, 2 pages. Annie Warburton Goodrich Papers, 1811-1955, 1.25 linear feet. 4 pages. Edith Lewis Griscom Papers, 1909-1912, 0.2 linear feet, 2 pages. Jane D. Keeler Papers, 1935-1985,0.6 linear feet, 4 pages. Moorestown Visiting Nw:se Association Records, 1909-1986, 3.5 linear feet, 15 pages. Mabel Hannon Moms Papers. 1935- 1990, 8.15 linear feet, 1 pages. National Organization for Public Health Nurses Records, 1913 1953.25 nUcrofilm reels, 6 pages. Princeton Community League Visiting Nurse Committee Records, J92~ 1950, 0.2 linear feet, 3 pages. Anne Ramsey Somers Papers, 1933-1982, 0.4 linear feet, 3 pages. Visiting Nmse Society of Philadelphia Records, 1855-1987, 23.8 linear feet, 31 pages. Visiting Nurse Society of Philadelphia Photographs, ca. 1900 1986, 237 photograpbs, 25 pages.

RECENT RELEASES OF INTEREST

William H. Chafe, The Paradox ofChange: American Women Sarah Jane Growe, Who Cares?: The Crisis in Canadian in the 20th Century (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Nursing (foronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1991). Press, 1991). Sarah Jane Growe's weU-rounded and colorfully-written William Chafe's early book, The American Woman, was publication addresses the political aspects and medical policy probably on everybody's reading list when it came out in of Canadian DlU·Sing. The focus on hospital nursing makes 1972. With this work he re-issues his original and adds an this an important book for those with loved-ones in hospitals. analysis of the last fifteen years ofevents and scholarship Her discussion ofCanadian nurses' working conditions and related to women's history. Parts 3 and 4, which deal with salary probJems provides much insight into current issues the past fifty years in women's history, are particularly facing the Canadian health care system. (The chapter on salient and helpful to health care historians who may be less Canadian nursing history presents backgroWld information knowledgeable in women's studies. As with most of Chafe's on the roots of the problem to those from abroad..) work, The Paradox ofChange is well-documented and Kathleen McCarthy. ed., Lady BOlmtifol Revisited: Women. clearly written. Philanthropy and Power (New Brunswick and London: Rutgers University Press, 1990). Janet Golden and Charles E. Rosenberg, Pictures ofHealth: A Photographic History ofHealth Care in Philadelphia. 1860 Based on papers presented at a 1981 conference convened by 1945 (Philadelphia: University ofPennsylvania Press, 1991). the Center for the Study of Philanthropy of the Graduate This is a beautifully produced and carefully conceived School and University Center, City University of New York, photographic overview of the era of bealth care refonn from this col-lection ofessays begins to analyze the part played by the vantage point of one American city. The photographs women in philanthropic work over the last 200 years. The steal the show, but the text is sophisticated both in its essays survey theoretical issues, international comparisons, analysis ofphotograpbs asbistorical material and in its and the role of ethoicity and class in shaping women's conceptualization of tile events depicted by the chroniclers of the Late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. (continued on page 9)

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

(conlinuedfrompage 6)

Company in 1927. The MYNA became a corporate member of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing (NOPHN) in 1927 . As public health nursing moved away from the traditiona1 realm of "care for the sick poor,' the service

employee evaluations, and employment descriptions. Of interest is information Morris gathered during her five year struggle (1974-1979) with the HEW to reverse a demotion filed on the basis ofrace. This information includes correspondence and research on government regulations and procedures. Neighborhood Visiting Nurse Association, 1912-1989, 10 linear

steadily expanded to include a nursing school and nursing recruibnent, dental clinic (1933). venereal disease clinic (1938), feet. rehabilitation and work with disabled children (1946), and The Neighborhood Visiting Nurse Association (NVNA) is spoosorsfllp of campaigns for early detection of breast cancer (1951). etc. In 1966 the MYNA merged with the Visiting Nurse the outgrowth of nearly a balfdo1.en independent home health Society ofRiverton, Cinnaminson, and Palmyra (VNSRCP, care agencies that date back to the founding of the Neighbor founded in 1912) in order to meet the new Medicare standards. hood League in 1912. The collection includes the records of The MYNA became VNA Home Care in 1985. social welfare agencies in Philadelphia's western counties This coUection documents the MYNA from its founding and absorbed by the Neighborhood League. Agencies sucb as the steady growth through its eventual Community Nursing Association of change and diversification. Since the Berwyn, Paoli, and Malvern (1949 services are so dependent upon societal 1957), and the Social Service Society of factors, the files provide an indication of West Chester (1916-1949) are repre various government programs' effects on sented in the NVNA's collection of the public health system of smalJer minutes, annual reports, client registers, communities. The materials found within financial records. scrapbooks, and this coUection cover all facets of the photographic images. Later files also operation of a visiting nurse serviceinclude correspondence with state and from administrative and financial areas county health agencies and the local to public relations through pamphlets, United Way. newspaper coverage, and photographs. Pennsylvania Nurses ' AssOCiation, The records of the MYNA's close District 1,1919-/973, 13linearfeet. working relationship with the NOPHN as The Pennsylvania Nurses' Associa weU as its role as a refereoce group to tion (PNA) was founded in 1903 by nurses •• feeling the need of organi2.a other local services provide insight into the inception and growth ofthese tion, legislation and registration m the organizations as well. The VNSRCP state of Pennsylvania. .. The immediate records present a good source of docu objective was for the registratiOil law to mentation on the life span of a visiting control education and entry into the nurse society. The VNSRCP subgroup musing profession, bot the specific includes annual reports and board orientation ofregiooal groups and · . depend minutes fOT the Ien gth 0 f Its m ent Mabel Harmon MorriS and slajJnurses oflhe specialized nurses soon caused the ~';oIl (1913-1967). Addib'onal Visiting Nurse Society ofPhiladelphia, ca, 1950 Ope..... Association to branch out in various material includes a comprehensive series of account books directions. By 1919 the slate association had become unwieldy and districts were formed to better respond to the needs of the (1912-1933), treasurer's reports (1919-1966), and several state. On April 30, 19 t 9, the Philadelphia District Number I , handwritten accOWlts of the founding of the VNSRCP. along with several others, was admitted to membership. (The Morris, Mabel Hannon. /935-1990,8.75 linear feel. Morris. a graduate of Girls High School of Pbiladelphia, records ofPNA, District 2 have been described in The Chronicle, FaD 1990.) attended the Mercy-Douglass Hospital School of Nursing, class of 1943. She later graduated from the University ofPennsylva From its inception, DiSb'ict I was concerned with the rna and Columbia University. Morris worked with the Visiting establishment of a central headquarters with an official registry Nurse Society of Philadelphia as one of its earliest Africanof nurses. Lack of interest, however, prevented effective action Wltil the Nurses' Official Directory was established in 1929 to American supervisors (19~1%1). Thereafter she served as the district nursing supervisor for the Community Nursing Service facilitate employment ofprivate duty nurses. Shortly thereafter of Philadelphia (1961-1966) and Temple University's Commu both interest and membership rose dramatically. The Philadel nity Mental Health Center (I 968-1971}. From 1971 until 1984 pbia district developed into one of the most active sections, Morris worked for the federal government in the Deparbnent of involved in legislative actions in aD areas ofheaJth care, Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW). In 1984 Morris was professional promotion, publicity and education, and additional appointed assistant professor at LaSalle University's Depart comrntmity activities. ment ofNursing. This coOection docwnent's Morris' career; the bulk of the materials cover heT work with the HEW. The collection includes correspondence, speeches, clippings, memorabilia,

This collection, donat.ed by Temple University's Urban Archives and PNA, District 1, documents nearly aD of the (continued on page 9)

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

(continued from page 8)

Association's activities through its minutes, reports, publications, and committee and subject files. One extensive set ofmaterials documents the PNA's Nurses' Official Directory (1928-1972). Although the extensive cam files docwneDting nurses' work histories do not survive, the records do include minutes, financial records, lists of member schools of nursing, number of nurses placed., and types of care provided. Theodore StaTT Savings Banle. 1896-1901, 1 voillme. In 1878 the Progressive Workingmen's Club met to establish a Penny Saving Fund to encourage thrift and savings among Philadelphia's poor. When the Pennsylvania Legislature passed a law in 1889 allowing for the incorporation of savings funds, the directoIS of the Penny Saving Fund incorporated the bank and renamed it after Theodore Starr, one of the Fund's early founders. This coUection consists of one volume of minutes of the Theodore Starr Savings Bank board of directors. The minutes address the possible transfer of the Bank from its Clinton Street location in the heart of PhiJadelpbia's African-American district to the Kensington area The minutes also discuss the stamp saving system wherein members bought stamps representing their penny deposits. Additionally, the minutes present financial statements throughout. lnterfiIed with the minutes are several letters, clip pings, and pamphlets. "Occasional Paper, No. 8," by the related Starr Centre Associa tion ofPbiJadelpbia, for example, presents a briefhistory of the Bank and provides a list where "depositors" could buy stamps. Woman's Hospital ofPhiladelphia, 1861-1964, 7 linear feet. The Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia, dedicated to the treatment of women and children, was established in 1861. The hospital began a training school for nurses in 1863, the first chartered school ofnursing in the United States. The hospital merged with the West Philadelphia Hospital for Women in the 1930s and was later absorbed by the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. This coUectioo, donated by the MUtter Museum of the College of Pbysi cians of Philadel phia, coosists of a wide assortment of materials docwnent ingits growth. Included are annual reports •'It is now a little more Ihan eight years since the 'Biddie-Irvine Band' first dating back to 1861, organized as a sewing SOciety 10 lend a helping had to the hospital. .. From The Monthly News. a publication oflhe Woman's Hospital, April }906. patient files (1865 1877), several exceUent photographs, and various artifacts. Ofinterest are "loyalty oaths" administered by the Hospital and presented to Governor William W. Scranton in 1963 attesting to the "lack ofsubversives among faculty and staff." Non-ManulICnpt Directory of Trained Nurses ofPhiladelphia. New York, and BrooklyrJ, 1895. The Directory lists the names and addresses of aU private duty nurses who lived in these three Northeastern cities. For the few nurses working in a hospital or other philanthropic association, it also provides their place ofemployment. The Directory

includes separate sections for the chief nurses in Philadelphia and New Yode. and for the midwives inPbiladelphia. The preface to the volwne includes an essay by Dr. J. William White of the University ofPennsylvania entitled' 'The Ideal Nurse." BlockJey Days: Memories and Inrpres sions ofa Resident Physician. 1883 1884, ]916. A.rthur Ames Bliss, MD, served his residency at Philadelphia General Hospital from 1883 to 1884. Bliss recorded his experiences in a diary that was lost until 1913. Upon discovering his "Memoirs of BlockJey," he decided to rewrite them for publication. The volume, in Bliss' words, provides "a candid account oftife in a community of paupers [teLLing] something of the life experiences and impressions gained by ODe who went in and out very freely among them in the peculiar and intimate relations of a resident physician."

RECENT RELEASES OF INTEREST

(continuedfrom page 7)

philanthropy. Since mucb of nursing's history is linked to the benevolence of affluent and socially conscious women, Lady DOUJItifid Revisited offers a particularly helpful window on an underexplored area of historical research. Elizabeth Noonan, Women at War: 17,e SIOry ofFifty Military Nurses Who Served in Vietnam (philadelpbia: University ofPennsylvania Press, 1990). In the most thorough study to date on nurses in the Vietnam WaI, Nonnan documents the personal lives of the women who worked in military hospitals, aboard ships. and with air evacuation squadrons. Her seven-year study provides insight into these women's reasons for going to war, their experiences, and the effects of the War on their pbysical, emotional, and spiritual weU-being. 1b.is book is essential for anyone interested in nursing history, military history, and women's history.

CENTER

QUERY

NEWS FROM TI-IE

For a history ofbome care, I would appreciate bearing from private duty nurses who were involved in caring for patients at home during the 1920s. Please contact Karen Buhler-Wilkerson, RN, PhD. FAAN. Associate Director, Center for the Study ofthe History ofNursing, University of Pennsylvania, School ofNursing, 307 Nursing Education Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096.

ACCFSSING AND DOC1JMENTING NURSlNG'S HISTORICAL LEGACY

THE FRANCIS CLARK WOOD INSTI1UIE In 1992 The Francis C. Wood Institute for the History of Medicine will offer grants to scholars engaged in projects requiring use of the Historical Collections of the Library of the College ofPhysicians of Philadelphia. The His torical Collections constitute one of the largest medical history repositories in the United States documenting the evolution of medicine from the medieval period to the present. Its resources include rare medical books and journals; physicians' manuscript case records, papers, and lectme; and prints, engravings, and photographs of medical subjects. Grants of up to $1 ,000 will be awarded. Recipients will be expected to present a seminar at the Wood Institute and to submit a report on their research. Letters of application outlining the proposed project (proposal should not exceed five pages), length of residence, historical materials to be used, and a budget for travel, lodging, and research expenses should be sent, along with a curriculum vitae and two letters of reconunendation, to Carla C. Jacobs, Administrative Assistant, Wood Insti tute, College of Physicians of Philadel phia, 19 South 22nd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103. These materials must be received before January 31, 1992, for feUowships in the springlswnmer/falJ of 1992. Awards will be announced February 28, 1992. For further information on the grants, call 215-563-3737.

(continued/rom page 2)

The Center is pleased to announce the completion of its •'Nursing History: Access ing and Docwnenting" project funded by the University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation. This project enabled Center staff to process several collections ofhistori cal manuscripts and prepare descriptive inventories to the collections. lnventories have been prepared for each coUection (see "The Inventory: A Finding Aid to the Past" on page 7) and bibliographic records have been entered into the Research Libraries Infonnation Network. We would like to thank the University ofPennsylvarua Research Foundation for the support that enabled the Center to process the following collections. Linda H. Aiken. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Papers, 1972-1986,9.8 linear feet. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia School ofNursing Records, 1897-1987, 1.7 linear feet. Sara Maiter Errickson Papers, 1937-1989,0.8 linear feet. Jane D. Keeler Papers, 1935-1985, 0.6 linear feet. Moorestown Visiting Nurse Association Records, 1909-1986,3.5 linear feet. Mabel Harmon Morris Papers, 1935-1990, 8.75 linear feet. Thelma M. Schorr Papers, 1968-1989, 1.6 linear feet.

"SICK AT HOME: PunLIC POLICY, PERsoNAL CONSEQUENCES":

STUDY OF HOME CARE

Examining and comparing the strategies applied to Ihe care of the sick in the home has taken Center Associate Director Karen Buhler-Wilkerson from New York City to Charleston, South Carolina In the Visiting Nurse Service ofNew Yark Dr. Buhler Wilkerson uncovered an extensive and valuable collection ofLilliao Wald and Henry Street Settlement docwnents dangerously stored in the Service's basement. (The Visiting Nurse Services were the origins of what we today know as contemporary home care.) The most historically important documents were placed in their safe last year and a preservation proposal was presented to the Executive Committee of the Board. Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson anticipates the appoinbnent ofa special committee that will plan for the preservation ofdocuments so essential to understanding nursing's past. The Soutbem aspects of this project have been equally exciting, ifless famous. Data collection in Charleston, South Carolina, proved especially fruitful. There, in the collection of the Ladies Benevolent Society, the rarely acknowledged predecessor of the visiting nurse movement, Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson found the most complete, early patient records in the United States located to date. This collection includes extensive minute books, nurses' reports, scrapbooks, and financial ledgers from 1830 to the present. (Since Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson's visit in the summer of 1990, the Ladies Benevolent Society has transferred their collection. to the South Carolina Historical Society in Charleston.) In yet another "closet," Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson located the wooderfully infonnative records of the local American Red Cross chapter's Public Health Nursing Service. Begun as a rural organization following World War I, the Public Health Nursing Service developed into a national base for borne care in smaIl towns. Records of the Roper Hospital Training SchOOl, the nursing school for Charles~ ton nurses, the Shirras Dispensary, where patients needing medical care went during this period, and the Health Department also added to the fascinating and rich material on Southern health care. With this material Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson has gained new insight into decision-making on bome care issues at the local level.

THE INrnRNATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES CENTENNIAL PROJECT The International Council ofNurses (lCN) Centennial Project will oot only cover a century of decisions and changes within the ICN - as represented in earlier nanatives - but will provide a scholarly analysis of the ICNs' impact on nursing throughout a century of profound changes. Such an analysis can yield a better comprehension of nursing's relationship with the world it serves and, as a follow-up, help formulate ICN pro足 grams to better serve members in the twenty-tim century. A major objective of this study will be to learn oftbe impact oforganized nursing on countries as they became industrialized, natiooalized, and radically reorganized by widespread war and changing political alignments. This study also will investigate the ICN and its membeT associations' reactions to these and other radical events and will analyze how they influenced changes and improvements in governmental. international, and

women's organizations. The delivery of appropriate health services, the role of women, national and international health policies. nurses' socioeconomic conditions, regulation of nursing practice, ethics, and health education and research represent but a few of the issues inherent in the Centennial Project. The Center for the Study o/the History ojNursing is conducting the International Council of Nurses Centennial Project with the support of the ICN. The team of historians includes Joon Lynaugb. director, and Barbara Brush, research associate, of the University of Pennsylvania; Anne Marie Rafferty of the University of Nottingbam; Meryn Stuart of the University ofOttawa; Nancy Tomes of tile Slate University of New YOTk at Stoney Brook:; and contributing nurse historians from around the worJd.

GlFT FOR ALL SEASONS

For an unusual, yet exceptional gift idea for aU seasons, why not choose a

valuable historical photograph from the collections of Chestnut Hill Hospital, Philadelphia General Hospital, the Mercy-Douglass Hospi足 tal, or a portrait of Florence Nightin足 gale. Each photograph, reproduced in a matte finish using sepia tones, replicates the age and historical importance of the image. The photo足 graphs are mounted on natural white mats in 16 by 20 inch Light walnut frames. These historical reproductions are available through the Center for the Study ofthe History ofNwsing for $80.00 each, plus $5.00 shipping (UPS). For further information please contact the Center at 215-898-4502.

Horse drawn ambu/ana approaches Chestnut Hill Hospital. 1913.

First graduating class ofth~ Fr~derick Douglass Memorial Hospital and Training School, 1897.

Student nurses relaxing at

Philad~/phia

General Hospital, 1888.

MANusCRIPT COLLECTIONS

CENTER FOR TIlE STIJDY OF 1HE HISTORY OF NURSING

Collections Hospitals, Schools of Nursing and Nursing Alumni Associations

Albert Einstein Medical Center School of Nursing Alexian Brothers Hospital Alumni Association of the Training School for Nurses of tile Philadelphia General Hospital AJumnae Association ofMercy-Douglass Hospital School of Nursing Chautauqua School of Nursing Chestnut Hill Hospital School of Nursing Children's Hospital ofPbiladelpbia School of Nursing Freedmen's Hospital Nurses Alwnni Club of Philadelphia Hospital of tile University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing Lock Haven Hospital Mercy-Douglass Hospital School of Nursing Muhlenberg Hospital School of Nursing Philadelphia General Hospital Philadelphia School ofNursing Medical Supply and Dispensary Presbyterian School of Nursing Society of the Alumni oftbe School ofNursiDg of the University of Pennsylvania University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing Woman's Hospital ofPbiladelphia Voluntary Non-Profit Associations

Athens County VISiting Nurses Association Brandywine Home Health Agency Moorestown Visiting Nurse Association Neighborhood Visiting Nurse Association Princeton Community League Visiting Nurse Committee Starr Centre Association of Philadelphia Visiting Nurse Association of Allegheny County Visiting Nurse Association of Ambler & Vicinity VISiting Nurse Association of Greater Philadelphia Visiting Nurse Association ofWasbingtoo County Visiting Nurse Society of Philadelphia Visiting Nurse Society ofRivertoo, Cinnaminson and Palmyra. Professional and Military Associations

American Legion - Pennsylvania Division, Helen Fairchild Post No. 412 American Medical Women's Association American Nephrology Nurses' Association Andrew G. Curtin Association of Anny Nurses National Organization for Public Health Nurses Pennsylvania League of Nmsing Pennsylvania Nurses' Association, District I Pennsylvania Nurses' Association, District 2 MiKeilaneous Groups

Evening Bulletin History of Nursing in Philadelphia l. B. Lippincott Company Nurses for the Future Conference Philadelphia Mayor's Commission OD Health in the Eighties Theodore Starr Savings Bank Individuals

Aiken, Linda R Austin, Ann L. Brennan, Mary Capeni, Cynthia Flynn Chase, Adaline Clymer, Mary V.

Date

Extent

1930-1986 1885-1981 1850-1980 1896-1980 1905 1907-1987 1897-1987 1973-1986 1894-1907 1896-1964 1896-1983 1896-1961 1885-1940 1903-1904 1871-1987 1960-1980 1931-1987 1861-1964

2 0.4 70 1.4 0.4 20.45 1.7 0.1 1.8 2.4 15 0.2 7 0.4 120 2 3.9 7

1982-1989 1917- 1988 L909-1986 1912-1989 1924-1950 1897-1954 1918-1982 1922-1984 1976-1981 1918-1982 1855-1987 1913-1985

6.5 10 3.5 10 0.2 5.5 18

1919-1986 1981 198~1987

5 27 23.8 0.8

2 6 0.2 0.2 25

lin. lin. lin. lin. lin.

ft.

ft .

ft.

lin. ft.

lin. ft .

lin. ft.

lin. ft .

lin. ft.

reels

lin. ft.

lin. ft .

lin. ft.

lin. ft .

lin. ft.

lin, ft.

lin. ft.

tapes

13 1.9

lin. ft.

reels

lin. ft.

1905-1975 1973-1974 1871-1931 1987 1983- 1984 1896-1901

0.8 0.5 I 3 0.8 1

lin. ft.

folder

folders

lin. ft.

volwne

1972-1986 1940-1970 1941-1982 1978-1982 1900-1975 1886-1889

9.8

lin. ft.

lin. ft .

1861-1903 1913-1953 1948-1989 1919-1973 1920-1978

2 0.8 1.6 0.2

MANusCRIPT COLLECTIONS

CENTER FOR THE D'EstJ, Ernestine lGttl DiSandro, Edith Hyde Duffy, Eileen M. Eataugh, Dorothy MarIe

Emonds, Beverly L. Erikson, Edith lves Erikson, Ruth Errickson, Sara Maiter Fagin, Claire M Francis, Susan C. Godfrey, Mary Robinson Goodrich. Annie Warbutoo Griscom, Edith Lewis GJuber, Mildred Heffernan, Bernardine Hoff, Bertha Holman. Lydia Izcka, Jadwiga Johnston. Margaret Alice Johnstone, Marie Jones, Elizabeth Keeler, Jane D. Kennedy, Cecile Landis. Nadine Leininger, Jenny Lemley, Alice and Lillie Leonard, Dorothy Harvey Matthews, Irene McCosh, Isabella Guthrie M'Cready. Mary Anne Mereness, Dorothy Ann Morris, Mabel Hannon Newman, Edna AJbert Nightingale, Florence Nunan. Edith Olinatz, Nanette Overholts, EOa Florence Page. Nancy J. Peplau, Hildegard E. Radbill, Samuel X. Rath, Charlotte Tyson Rauscbenberger, Dorothy Ritter, BeaJrice Robinson, Alice Mcnitt Rogers, Wesley Wiley Schwartz, Doris Schorr, Thelma M Somers, Anne Ramsey Soper, Martha Lenora Collett Stachniewicz, Stephanie A. Stern., Beverly Peril Strumpf, Edna E. LaPorte Todd, C. Edwina Tram, Rose Anna van der Peet, Robert A. Whibner, Laura Stricider Yark, Edith M.

STIJDY OF THE HISTORY OF NURSING 1888-1956 1924-1927 1975-1917 1938 1965-1981 1928-1985 1932-1935 1937-1989 1926-199 1934-1987 1910-1987 1871-1955 1909-1912 1904-1906 1968-1986 1913-1914 1888-1960 1939-1960 1944-1945 1906 1899-1946 1935-1985 1939-1957 1930-1988 1915-1986 1887-1888 1947-1987 1933-1985 1897 1904 1910-1991 1935-1990 1924-1936 1856-1896 1887-1976 1958-1960 1921 1960-1962 1985 1985-1989 1928-1970 1914-1986 1947-1957 1920-1983 1987 1969-1987 1968-1989 1933-1982 1919-1920 1967-1917 1955-1960 1934-1977 1947-1953 1926-1970 1989 1934-1947 1922-1923

1 0.5 5 I

0.4 0.4 4

0.8 123 I

1 1.25 0.2 I I I I

I 0.4 I I

0.6 I 21 1 2 2.5

0.8 I 0.2 3.2 8.75 I

0.2 4.6 7

10 0.4 t 1

0.8 I 3 8

0.2 0.8 1.6 0.4 I 1.25 2 I

I I 1 1 I

volume lin. ft. folders volume lin. ft. lin. ft. folders lin. ft. tin. ft. folder folder lin. ft. lin. ft. folder folder volwne folder folder lin. ft. folder folder lin ft. folder lin ft. folder folders Lin. ft. Lin. ft. folder lin. ft. lin. ft. lin ft. folder lin. ft. lin. ft . folders folders lin. .ft. folder folder lin. ft. folder folders lin. ft. Lin. ft. lin. ft. Un. ft. lin. ft. folder Lin. ft. folders lin. ft. folder lin. ft. folder folder folder

ANNOUNCEMENTS

THE

1992 TERESA E.

CHRISTY AWARD As a means of encouraging DeW nursing history investigators. the Teresa E. Christy Award will recognize excellent historical research and writing accomplished by students. The submissions, therefore, may include disserta· tions, theses, and other research projects. New scholan; must submit manuscripts (4 copies) based on original historical research related to nursing history. Manuscripts may represent published or unpublished research, must be in English, and must have been completed within the last 3 years. One submission per author, please. Selection criteria for the award will be based on the rigor of the historical research and the quality of writing. The awardee must be present to receive the award at the First Invitational Conference of the Canadian Association for the History of Nursing and the Ameri can Association for the History of Nursing in New Brunswick, Canada in J1IDe 1992. Please forward manuscripts, including a statement descooing your student status at the time the manuscript was written, by February 15, 1992, to Dr. Ellen D. Baer, RN, PhD, FAAN, Chair, Awards Committee, American Association for the History of Nursing. Center for the Study ofthe History ofNursing, University of Pennsylvania., School of Nursing, 307 Nursing Education Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6096. Direct questioo.s regarding submis sions to Dr. Baer at 215-898-8287.

SECTION ON

MEDICAL HISlDRY

The Section invites all interested people to attend its free lectures. Programs begin at 6: 15 p.m. and are free of charge. If you wouJd like to stay for supper afterward, call the office of Dr. David Krasner for infoonation at 215·265-3177; meal reservations must be made no later than ten days before the event. September 25, Christopher Hoolihan, MLS, History of Medicine Librarian, University of Rochester Medical Center, presents Anatomic flI'lstration drlring tlie Renaissance. October 22, The Samuel X. Radbill Lecture - W. Bruce Fye. ~,~an,Departmentof

Cardiology, and Adjunct Professor of the History of Medicioe, University of Wisconsin-Madison, presents The Role 0/ 'Burn-Out' and 'Mid-Life Crisis' in William Osler's Decision to Accept the Regis Professorship. November 20, William H. Helfand, DHuL, presents Public Health Education and the Graphic Am: 150 Years 0/ Medical Posters. This event is cospoosored by The Francis Clark Wood Institute. March 18, 1992, Caroline Hannaway, PhD, Director, The Francis Clark Wood Institute, College of Pbysicians of Pbiladel phia, presents Myths and Realities a/Editing Medical History Jour 1UJIs. April 22, 1992, The Kate Hurd Mead Lecture - Susan E. Lederer, PbD, Assistant Professor of History, Department of the Bu manities, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, presents Animal Experimentation and the Politics a/Gender.

THE

1992 LAVINIA L.

DOCK AWARD The Lavinia L. Dock Award recognizes outstanding research and writing produced by an experienced scholar in nursing history. The submissions may include a post-doctoral research manuscript, article. or book. Scholars must submit manu scripts (3 copies) based on original historical research related to nursing history. Manuscripts may represent published or unpublished research, must be in English, and must have been written within the last 3 years. One submission per author, please. Selection criteria for the award are based on the rigor of the historical research and the quality ofwritiog. The awardee must be present to receive the award at the Fim: Invitational Conference of the Canadian Association for the History of Nursing and the Ameri can Association for the History of Nursing in New Brunswick, Canada in June 1992. Please forward manuscripts by February 15, 1992, to Dr. Ellen D. Baer, RN, PhD, FAAN, Olair, Awards Committee, American Association for the History of Nursing, Center/or the Study o/the History ofNursing, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 307 Nursing Education Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096. Direct questions regarding submis sions to Dr. Baer at 215-898-8287.

THE VISITING NURSE SOCIElY - GENEROUS GIVING IN PHILADELPfllA In its early years, the Visiting Nmse Society (VNS) depended greatly on bequests from generous Philadelphians to help finance its fledgling services. Contributions from Helen Furness Jenks, founder and board member of the Society, and Mrs. James Dundas Lippincott, board member, enabled the VNS to care for the poor, provide nursing services in the homes of immigrant families, and care for women and children. Today, the Center for the Study ofthe History ofNursing also relies on bequests from its memÂ bers to help build its endowment and support the programs crucial to the preservation of nursing's historical documents. Bequests, gifts made under a will, may take the following forms . Outright - An outright bequest provides the Center with a specific asset, generally a named sum of money, a piece of real estate, or tangihle property (paintings, furniture, jewelry, etc.). For example, a bequest from Hilda MixseU provided $5,000 to support the Center's renovation in 1988. Residuary - With a residuary bequest individuals may transfer to the

One o/four plaques that hung in the Visiting NrfTse Society of Philadelphia office acJcnowÂ ledging VNS donors. Artist Beatrice Fox Griffin, 1923.

Cente{ that portion of their estate that remains after any and all outright bequest provisions are fulfiUed One anonymous donor bas bequeathed to the Center the remains from her estate after her six nieces and nephews each receive $10,000 and her bills are paid. Contingent - A contingent bequest benefits the Center when the original beneficiary is unable, or unwilling, to accept the property. Another Penn alumna bas arranged for a bequest to the Center's endowment fund in the event that her three children and her husband predecease her. In addition to outright, residuary, and contingent bequests, arrangements may be made for charitable remainder trusts, lead trusts, pooled income funds, and gift annuities funded under an estate plan. These options allow individuals to provide financial support for family members as weU as plan a future contribution to the Center. For more information or copies of suggested language to use in a will when making a bequest to the Center f or the Study ofthe History ojNursing, please contact the Penn Nursing Development Office at 215-898-4841.

MEMBERSIDP APPLICATION TO THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF TIlE HISTORY OF NURSING

Enclosed is my check for .p.$_ __

----,;

please enroll me in the foUowing group:

_ _ Friends of the Center (Up to $49) _ _ Lillian Wald Society ($250 to $499) _ _ Center Contributor ($50 to $99) _ _ _ Alice Fisher Society ($500 and Up) _ _Linda Richards Society ($100 to $249) - - - Please send me more information about named gift opportunities.

_ _---.lPlease send me more information about making a bequest to the Center.

NAME_________________________ ___ __ SCHOOL _ __________YEAR ___

ADDRESS _____________________________________________________

CITY ___________________ _ ____ _ STATE _ _______ ZIP______

Please make your check payable to the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania. Mail your tax-deductible

contribution to the Center/or the Study of the History ofNursing, University of Pennsylvania, School of

Nursing, 307 Nursing Education Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096.

CALENDAR

PCOM} G EVENTS

Society of American Arcbivists

September 25-29, Annual Meeting, Philadelphia. PA For information contact the SAA 81600 South Federal Street, Suite 504, Chicago, IL 60605, or call 312-922-0 140. Section on Medical History College of Physicians of Philadelphia

For a complete listing of the seminars, please see "Section on Medical History of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia" on page 14.

American Association ror the History of Medicine April 30-May 3, 1992, Seattle, WA. For

infonnation contact J. Worth Estes at 617-638-4328. Procession Commemorating Alice Fisher

May 1, 1992, 12:30-2:30 p.m_ For infonnation contact the Center for the Study of the History ofNursing at 215 898-4502.

Jacobs~215-563-3737,ext.273.

American Association for the HIstory of Nursing

November 7-9, Roanoke, VA. Business, Industry, and Labor Archives. For information contact Local Arrangements Chair John Straw 81703-23 1-9214.

307 N~G EDUCATION BUILDING Pnn..tillIJ...fllA. PA 19104-6096

Third Floor Gallery Center for the Study of the Dis'ory of Nursing

Nursing Museum

Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference

UNJVf.RstTY OF h'NNSYLVANlA Soma. CF Nl1RSJNG

The Institute of Pennsylvania Hospital Carnations atop the graves olS. Lillian • aayton and Alice Coilecfl'on oJ.rMurses • &Lf/UU __ / P'ms nT . Fis her In Th e "oodlands Cemetery, TWilight Procession 1991. . . . ' a peunanent exhibltlon from the

September 28-30, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA. For information call the AAHN at 202-543-2127.

Center/or the tudy 0/ the History ofNursing

EXHIB

Case 1: "When Negro N,USes are Acceptable to White Patie1l1s"; The Stnlggle of the African American Nurse in the Twentielh Century Through January 1992. Case 2: Before the First Training Schools: The Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia, 1861-/930 Through August 1992. For information contact the Center for the Study ofthe History of Nursing at 215-898-4502.

History of Medicine Seminars

September 26-Decernber 5, Thursdays. 12:00-2:00 p.m., College of Physicians of Philadel phia, Philadelphia, PA. These lunchtime seminars, sponsored by The Francis Clark: Wood Institute for the History of Medicine and the Benjamin and Mary Siddons Measey Foundation, are free of charge and open to the public. For more infonnation on specific speakers and topics, contact Carla

London, England, will present the keynote address, Reclaiming the Post to Own ar,r Future. For further infonnation contact Arlee McGee at 267 Smythe Street, Fredericton. N"ew Brunswick E3B 3EI, Canada, or call 506-459-6951.

The First International Conference: Canadian Association for tbe History of Nursing and American Association for the History ofNursing

June 17-20, 1992, Delta Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada Dr. Christopher Maggs, project director of the English National Board for Nursing, Midwives, and Health Visitors in

Johnson and Johnson Hospital Service, Inc. For further infonnation please call 215-829-3998. Mutter Museum College of Physicians of Philadelphia

An Historical Look at Trauma Surgery in (he Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. For further information contact the Miitter Musewn at 215-563 3737, ext. 241.

N o n p rofi ~

u.s.

Orga n

rost ag~

PAlO

Permit

o. Z5 3

Philad 'iph i" , PA