Spring 1998

ISSN 104-9-2259

Spring 1998 Vol9 No2

RETHINKING TIlE REWRmNG OF NURSING HISTORY PATRICIA D'ANTONIO ,

RN , PHD

At first glance, Lhe eros -disciplinary reciprocity between nursing and ocial history seems pro­ found, nderstanding the work of nurses has reshaped hi torians ' sense of Lhe hospital. the treatmenl of disease. the birth of babies, and the role or women in their families and in their communities. And Lhere are now few storics told about nurses by nurses wiLhuut some reference, however fleeting . to the issue of' gender, class, race, and the politic or prafe siona lism , The problem, however, is thai Lhe " IWO way sln.;el" that lies at the heart of lilis reciprocity has seen m uch of its mcaningful int IIc<.:tual traffic slow to a crawl. Thl: publicati n of Barbara Mclosh ' , The Physician '.\ Hcmd in 191)2, Su an Reverby ' ,' Ordered 10 Care in 1987, and Darlene Clark Hinc ' , Black Women in White in 19S9, essentially establi hed the stil l domina nt interpretive paradib'TIl that pLaces work within lh health care system lit [he center of nUIsing women' , live. and then u e lhe tools of economic , class, and racial analysis to dissect its socially stnlcturcd conlradiGtions.

Reverby's hard hitling analysis, for example, superbly illustrates nursing history's historical quest for an indepe ndent role in the home and h spilal. But her analy is works only if we continue LO p ilion nurses solely as labOl' market participants.

The dominant paradigm may not fully capture the historical experien e of nursing, Mo. t women Ijved much Uleir lives outs ide the ne 'us of wage-based activities and most nursing women , in particu­ lar. le ft the workforce witltin len years of their graduation from training chooL. Even so, we are begin­ ning to und I' land thal the idea r work, if nOl wor\... it elf, still held significant salience for them, ThaI is, non-wage earning women looked both to their own experiences and to those of their neighbors and kin to construct an enduring identity for themselves as past or potential workers.

There arc works that arc beginning to break Lhe "traffic jam" and suggest new ways of thinking about nur~ing hi 'lOry. They 'uggcst, on a very concrete Jevel, thnl the c nlradi tion faced by nul' eS were neither unnegoliable nor insurnlOuntable. More importanl, however. they offer a different way of thinking about t.he intercoon ctedness between the eviden e and its implications - e pecially at a point when the debate aboulthc role of gender, class, race, and mobility in nursing's past stiLI vcers unea ily b tween p Sili os celebrating the disciplin '5 transcendence and Lh se chiding its ri ­ gidity, They suggest thaI rathe r than being passively defined by socially constructed stereotypes, women actively embraced the gendered meaning of nursing for the ease with which it allowed them to create work identities U1al remained connected to their pt:rsonal id ntilie., d\:spitc their formal rela1100­ (uJl1li nuell

Center for The Study

INSIDE TIllS ISSUE

of

The History of Nursing CENTER DlRECTOR KARE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF NURSING

B UI ILER -WILKERSON'S VISIT TO JAPAN

( ,I't'('

page 5!

Drs . Buhler-Wi/keTlon Ilnd Ktlsakari in

Ky%. Japan

011

page 4)

2

CENTER FOR THE

Snmy

NEWS FROM THE CENTER

OF THE HiSTORY OF

NURSING T he C nter j () r T he Stud orThe H is­ ursing was es tab lished in 19H5 to tory enco urage and fa~ il itate hi t or i ~a l 'c ho la rhip o n he alth c are hi l ry and nursi ng in the U nited States . ow in it" thirtee nth yeHr of c istence. th e Center cont inu e ~ to c reak and mail1la in a rc ouree fo r such r ca rch; to imp rove the quality and scope of hi sto ricul sc hola rship on ou rs ing; und to d hscm imm: n w know ledge on nu rs ing h is ­ tory th rou gh education. wn fc re nce • publi ­ cat ion ', and inter-d isc ip lina r ' collaborat ion.

or

C UlT nl project. at Ihe Center ra nge from stud i 's o f ime rnati onal nu rsi ng, horne­ based Il ursin q , und re earch on ca re of the cri tica lly ill to th twe ntieth -ce nt llry re la ­ tio nship between nur ing: and Il1crica n ph ilanthr py . We a lso contin ue to co llect. process. and catalogue an oul ·talld ing co l­ le cti on o f primary hi sto rical m a te rials. 'ee l free to vi s it th Ce nter Mond ay th roug h Friday , 9:00 a.m . to 5:00 p.m .

Scho lars p lanning to conduc t resea rch at the Cenlt r sh ul d contact the C nler's c urator . t 2 15-898-4502. O ur curator w ill respoml with a descrip ti on of the scope a nd contcnt of re le vant maleria ls in the vari ous co llet:­ tion s.

I Cent::-AdViSOry Board

Ann P. Knig ht, Chair M . Lo uise Fitzpat ric k. V icc C hai r Lillia n Sho ltis BTunneT E~thc:r

CU Vtl lll ugh

Wi llia m H. H elfand H<J nnah He nderson Jeanne K iefne r Eleanor C. Ut illbertsen Nadi ne Land is M ark F razier Lloyd Charle. E. Ro 'enberg Stephanie A. S tad ll1iewicz Ann Percy SIr ud T ina WeintT'J.ub

Ccnter

tafT

Karen Buh l r-W il kerso n, PhD. FA A .

Dirr!L'lOr

lie n D . Baer. Ph , AAN A,ssQciare ireclor Joan E. Lyna ugh, PhD, rAAN Associare DireclU r MaTg Szabun iu, MA, CA C lII'{I IOr Bet~y Wei. s ;tdlllin islrar;VC Assis((lnt

Ritl! B ally

Volunteer Hi lla r'y

isenS le in

Edi tor . The Chronicle

CONGRATULATIO S This pn t fall , Jan na Dieckmann completed her doctoral dissertation and degree.

The tiUe of h r di rtation is "Caring for the Chro nically 111 : Philadclphia, 1945-1965 ."

Dr- Dieckmann, the 1993 Li ll ian Sholtis Brunner Summ r Fellow at the Ccnter is Assi ­ tant Pr fesso r at La Salle Un iversity School of Nursing where she teache' puhlic health nu . ing to BSN, RN-8SN. and MSN students. She is a 0 Coordinator or lh Public Hea lth NW'si ng Track G duate Program.

Dr. Dieckmann plan to submit several article for publicat ion and will continue study and research in the areas oCher dissertation : long tenn care, aging, and poverty.

N

WEXHIBIT A new e, hibit has been instalLed in the Cent r' s di splay cases in tbe Nurs ing Edu­ cation Building whi h examine different vjew po i nL~ of nursing's hi story. This exhibit ha be n c nstrutled by students as a project fo r Nursing 5 18, lbc Hi. tory of Nursing COll I'. e taught by Dr. Patricia 'Anton io here at the nivers ity rPennsylvania. The students wrote the lext and s lected the bject· for di. play Cro m the C nter'. holdings.

Theexh ibi t will remain in place untiLDecember 1998 .

RECORDS S AVED This past summer, the Schoo l of NUTsing here at Penn implem nted a cogent records management program . Guided by Curat r Margo Szabunia., Sc hool staff and facu lty have begun idcntify ing inactive records deemed historica lly significant and Iran fcrring them to the Univcf'ity Arch ives. Alread the program has doubled the volum of hi . toricaJly significant rec rds housed at the Universi ty Arch ives wh.ich docum nt the school. Active and semi-a ti e records have be n prioritized and a re­ tention sch dule ha' been drawn up. This proj ct i..' realiz ing two goal ': preservation of the school's historical record and the yst matic removal of bulky recoTds thaI are nearing the end of their active li fe cycle.

To AS

OF TIlE TOWN On Febru ary 17th. Dr. Jul ie A. Fairman. Assistan t Pro fess r f Nuring at tbe Uni­ ver it 101' Pennsylvania, ga c a talk enti tled "Professiona l Concern and Patient Care: The Ori gin of the Intensive Care Uni t in Philadelph ia" at lhe College of Physi cians.

The event, offered by the Section on M dic al History, was well attended and the audi­ ence was ngag d in a Iiv Iy discussion.

N EW SERVER The School of Nursing and the Center have had web it . loaded on the internet for nearly two y 31's. Due to the high vo lwnc of user traffic and the need to coordinate the m,my school-re lated websites. a full-time webmaster has been hired and lhe websiles have been transferred to a new server. All nursing 5c110 I pages are now <lC­ ee sible through hnp://www.nursing.upenn.edu. The Center's new website addre 's is bttp:llwww.nursing.upenn.edu/hislory. In add ition to a new server, the Center's homepage has b ~ n modified and updated with new sections . Visitor to the Center's w bite wil l fi nd a new education ection called "Li nks to Learn ing" (whiCh contain s (1 nursing hi tory sy ll abus, among ath r things), a "Spotlight" seclion wllich i ' a virtuaJ exhibit foc Llsing on JoAnn Ashley, and a' MemberSh ip" section with infonnat ion about becomi ng a Center member/support r. More links 10 fi ndi ng aids have been added under the Collection section_

3

RECENT

INPRINT

f1isto,~y

o!" Critical Care Nursing, 1945 -1 980 (P hila­ del phia: Un iversity of Pennsylvania Press, 1998) is now in prinl. Authors Julie Controlling Crises : A

Fainnan and Joan E. Lynaugh use the growlh of critical care nursi ng as a case study LO analyze the de ision maki ng of ho 'pitals and health eare prole sionals 'onceming the needs ()[ the patients they serve. The genesis of critical care nursing is historically significant as it represents the expansion of the nurse special ization movement. Moreover, by de velopi nu a cadre of expe rt nurses \ ho could care for intensely ill patients. it became possible to imp lement new levels l) f health-care tcc hn logy and more invasi e su rgical procedures and vig­ orous treatments. A 'trung case is made for explorin g the roots of ou r current system of critical care as a means of examining the myriad of CU ITent ethical, sci­ entific, and policy issues surrounding the question of how we detenn ine who should receive intensive high-cost medica l and nursing care and who should not. To order, please contact the publ isher at (800) 445 -98 80.

ACQUISmONS

Jacqueline Fawcell Papers, 197.?-7996 , O.R lin ear/eel . A faculty member at Ule University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Fawcett, PhD, F AAN , is a leading interpreter of nursing theory who has also done consid­ erable research related l the h alth care of women. He r papers consist of corre­ pondence. Ie ;ture not s, memorabilia. meeting minutes, photographs, printed material. , repoTts, and articles.

Marietro Madde n Papers. 1928-/997, 2.5 lin ear f eet. These papers span the pro­ fe·ss ional ac tiv ities of this nurse as a me mber of the U.S. Army Nurse Corps, active and re. erve duties. as well as her invol emenl with promoting and provid­ ing serv ices fo r the elderly. lncluded are correspondence from various state and fed eral congress memb rs, memorabilia., lecture note!; , pri nted material!: and re­ ports.

Edith N/llla n Papers. 19??-J9Q? ll.s lin ear f eet. Mis Nunan had been the Schoo l of Nursing Librarian for . everal

HUP nurse with palimt ill oxygen ielli. 195CJ.

decade:; at the Ph il adelphia General Hos­ pital (POH ) when it closed In 1977. POH student nurses relied on her as a great re ource of infonn ution on many nursing ubject. . She ha v iced concern thal the PGH's long history be preserved and has been an active upporter of nursing record pre "erv a! ion. Among h r files are correspondence, lecture notes, ephemera, photographs, prinled materials, reports, crap book . and subject rues.

L allkenQu Hospital . Po 'Icard , circa

1922. The Lankenau Hospital began its long existence In 1860. when tlle German Hospita l of the City of Philadelphia was incorporated. With the entrance of the United States into the war in Europe in 191 7, the Board of Trustees dec ided to change U1(~ nanle of the hospi.tal to honor one of its founders anJ major benefactor. bu inessman John D. Lankenau. Relo­ cated twice in its hi story, tile Gennan!

Lnnkenall Hospital became a local land ­ mark in its facilities at Corinthian and Girard Avenues, (pictured at left) before moving in December 1953 to its present ite on Lancaster Avenue in Wynn wood.

Postcard, cirm 1,}22 . C i/i ar K. Buhler-Wilkerson.

("on l in ued on page 5)

4

ALICE FISHER

RETH1NKING THE REWRITING OF NURSING

SOCIETY

HISTORY (continued Ii-um ~

HISTORICAL SCHOLARSHIP The Alice Fi her $oci Ly His ­ torical Scholarship will again be 1'­ fered in 1999 by the Center for The Study q( Thc Hi Lory of Nursing al the University of Pennsylvania. The genero ity of the Alumni Associa­ tion of tbe Philadelphia General Hospital Training School for Nurses makes it po. . ible for the Center to offer this research scholar ·hip. The $2,500 award will be open to nu rses aL the muster's or doctoral level who are eeking istance with research and writing a pari of their 'lwdy of history. Each scholar will beex­ pc led 10 spend 4 to 6 weeks in resI­ dence at the Cent r.

Applications ~ r the Alice Fisher Society Historical Scholar­ ship may be obtaincd by writing Center Director Karen Buhler­ Wilkerson at the enter for The SLudy ,?(The History ojNursing.

University of Pennylvania. School of Nursing. 307 Nursing Educati n Building,Philadelphia, PA 19104­ 6096. orcnU 115-898-4502.Theappli­ cation deadl int: is D\:ccmbcr 31

1998.

TilL> form i available on-line at htlp://www.nursing.upenn.edu/his­ tory/fellow/fi her.htm.

THAI

V!SITORS

This past fall. the Center was pleased LO welcome Jariyawa[ Kompnyak. ssociate Dean of Academic Affairs, and iriom Sincihu, A i, tanL Dean of Academic Arfairs. of the Maltitlol University School of Nur ' ing in Banglok. Center Curator Margo Szabunia grccLed our Thai visitors who were at Penn to study our graduate pro­ grams. re iew doctoral students' e­ search, and ul;veJop a ~ rmaJ linkage with the niver ity of Pennsylvania School of ursing.

ship to Ihe world of productive work.

Nur es created the boundaries that were, ofLen imultancously. both a source of their 'trengLh and a dam arow d their ambiLion. till. women' ' commitmcntto tbe idea, jf nOI always the reality, of nur ing, tirred within them the pOSS ibi l­ ity or using a parli ularly . nstructed gendered identity 10 tep out r r, per­ haps more importantly, tep up from the traditional con ention of their particu lar starting place.

Thus. the challenge ahead. 1 would argue. lies in Lhinking abou t nursing's history in such a way as to reposition identity raLher than work at the center or our analyse. Identity i , and hn' been, a critical, albeit ambiguou . variable in nursing. Still. Ihis notion does have some historical grounding. In carly twen ­ tieth century America, for example. we can at h glimp e ' r its quite pragmatic rol . The ironi humor of women "fresh from the farm." fc rexample. ugge't Lbey fully under 10 d the . cia! and ec ­ nomic price of a nursing diploma. And. in early twenueLh century Britain, we can ee its mar affective workings. There, Lhe experiences hared by vo lunLeer nurse ' during. World War 1 gave new meaning and 'ulisfacLion to their Jjve then undo for many, for decade after­ wards. These studies do begin to disen­ tangle the relationship between work and idenLity . Mor\: imporLantJy.they uggest the direcli n in which we might proceed. U', in t'act. Ilursing women drew as muc h of their identity from their social plae in a particular community - he it taml. training school. or the Red Cross ­ as Ihey did from their structural place in an occupational labor markel, then we must wonder about the worth of their nonmaterial as well as their materi,tl re­ wards. That is, we must wonder if women barlcrl!d transient workplace expluilation and devruuati n for the enduring status and pre tige their identity af nurses gave them in their communities. par nursing -

rk, Hine reminds us in Black Women in While, took on diller­ ent meaning to different nW'ses at dif­ ferent times wiLh different places in their \V

own commun it ies ofi'amily, friends, and COlleagues. Sti ll , Lhis work, as both Chri '­ line Stansell and mily Abel argu in their respective studies of urban and ru ­ ral working-class women. was as mllch linked to the enduring traditions of class. ethnic. and racialncighborlincs - as iL was Lo their abiliLY to s 1\ their skills in the wage-labor market. Thus, we have no reason to continue to assume it wa . work that ended with their marriage . We might assume that marriage. and. later. children. cbanged (he structure of their work: th ir own d mesuc responsibilities quite like ly precluded the possibility of their pending the ' usta ined day', weeks, and even months with sick pa­ tient · they did as private duty nurses.

But the we ll -documented demand thai women maintain thei r IlLLfSing role within the socially gendered division of labor uggests tJle work itself continued even ifits form becam mor\: epi ·odic.

We do need to bring to light the meaning of Lill . work to ulOse who did it.

Here. new studi s )f Ih hi ' LOry of nurs­ ing in the OUUl prove particularly in ­ strucLive. For there. during the nine­ teenth and carly twentieLh cenluri s, the nursing of neighb ring stranger' lay withjn tbe domain of elite white men anti, t a far greater extent, slaves and, later. disenfranchised black womcn. World War I marked the lirst Lime the actual work of nursing - thaL I • the actual care of the sick. not just organiLing otber to do that wort.. - be arne acceptable L the South·s el ile, white women. They took on nursing as their palrioli contribution to the War effort and. as in the North in lin earlienime, therwhile women r oLher classes foil wed rather quickly in tJleir wake.

TIle incorporation of the heroic and the pre tigious into this now complele gendering of nursing's work with sLrang­ ers as well as with kin suggests the role that a formal nursing identity played in support of women' eose f agency.

TouchJ;tones of valor, status, and recog ­ nili n outside th 'e Lradiri nally avail­ able in their families and communitie (l'untinued (I/lllex( p age )

RETHINKING THE REWRITING OF N URSING

HISTORY

(con/llwed [ro m pag e 3) -------'-­

(continued Irom previOlls page)

- ----gave women who. in marriage, retumed Lo th conventions , urrounding the so­ cial ly gendered divi 'ion of domestic la­ bor, a new base o f s ciall y legitimated authority. Now their sociaUy valued place d id not have to be earned. It cOllld be ass umed - both by them, by their c mmu ­ nities, and by the wider worl .

In the end , then . this reconsideratio n of n ur~i n ,;s hi tor I ~ uggests the value nu ing women placed on their work re onated mar with their id nlity as women and less with thaI as labor m rket participants. Th<.:y thus recast. work as a gender-affirming strategy to be boned withi n but L be deployed oULside the

RECENT ACQUISITIONS

nexus of wage-based rehujons. We can ee the power in herent in this recons id ­ eration. A rorrnal nu ing identi ty - that is. a gendered identity built around the socia! salience of a part icular kind of work - enabled women to create a more coherent. a more general izable, and, ulti­ mately a mnre 'ustained independent place for themselves withi n the ir chosen ·phere. It gave them, now as a group rather than as individuals. the au thority to renegotiate the terms 0 f SOI11 C f the ineq uities they e perienc d and to shape the ir own en e or the va hJe of work in their lives.

T uberc ulos is : T he Ilines , tIle Treatment, the Lifesty le wilh ([ccompanying boof.. ­ lei of same lille. \Iideuca' 'etle, 1997.

Produced by Dr. Patrick J. Brennan. ni ­ er 'i ty o f Pennsylvan ia Medical School Facu lty. as an instTuctiona llool for medical school turricu lum. The video. which us s images from the Cenler' coI­ le tion, gi ves a brie f hiM r of TB treat ment in lhe United States.

Addilion 10 Linda II A iken Papers , 198? -1 99 ?, 2.5 lin ear f eel. Trained bOUl as a Jl ur~e and a sociologist, Dr. Aiken is promi nent in national bealth po licy circles. T his addition includes c rrespondence , memorabili a. meeting min ute . printed materials, and r ports.

Patricia D 'An/unio . RN , Phd. is the Asso(;iale Editur 0/ ur~ iTlg Hi 'tory Revie w. She is also an Adjunct Assistant Pro/f'ssor 0]' rhe lIiver,lity of Penllsylvania Sc/looloI NUrI'ing.

SAYONARA NIPPON

A home care visit /II Japan . (Dr. Buhler-Wilkerson secolld ji"olll right)

This fa ll . Center Director, Dr. Karen Buhler-W il kerson spent three weeks in Japan as a recipient of an Invitlltional Fellowship fr m the Japan S c iety for lh Promotion of Science. The pu rpose or the fe llowship wa to promote inLelllU­ tional cooperation tl nd mutual under­ st nding in scien tific research . Dr. Wilkerson', host wa ' P rofessor Junko Kusakari. MPH. Ph.D., at the Center for Education and Research in Nur ing Prac­ tice, Chiba Uni ersity, Seh ol of urs­ ing . Duri ng her 'lay, Dr. Wilkerson had the opportlmity to partici pate in a col­ laborative stud' of home carc. give sev­ eral lecture to Masters and Under­ graduate nursing tudcnts and meet wi th facul ty in . ve ral Schools of Nu r. ing in Chiba Tokyo, OsaJ... a. and Kyoto . Addi ­ tionally. Dr. Wilkerson made home visits with nurses in Kimi tu and toured one hospi tal where she met Witll the nurs ing staff. patients and family members in bOlh organ izations. Nursing, Dr. Wil erson ob 'erved, has the need and opportu nity 1 invest igal globally sev ­ eral research agendas related to home care and the long term need.~ of Ule world ' s grow ing e lderly populations.

DONORS TO THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF THE HIsTORY OF NURSING JANUARY Alumni A~soc i ation of the Hospiral of the Univ r ity of Pennsy l an ia School of ursing Alumni Assoduli n of the Training School for ur es Pb iladelphia General Hospital Bayada Nurses. Jnc. Linda H. Aiken Virginia Ann Aila Leslie A. Allieri WilliamF. Arian Henry P. Baer El 'a M . Baer. Estate of Ellen Davidson Baer Mr. and Mr '. .J. Mark Baiada NiraBartal Jeanne Quint Ben lie l Nettie Birnbach Rulll M. Bleakley Mr. and Mr . Samuel G. Boo 'aH aney N. Boyer Suzan ne Marie Brennan Barbara Broclj Frances Brouse S. L. Brunoli-Stiller Marjorie E. Burnham Caroline Camunas Elizabeth A. Capezuli Esther M . Cavanaugh Mr. and Mrs. Keith A. Chaney Marlene H. Cianci Pamela F. Cipriano LydiaE.C1ark

1, 1997

THROUGH DECEMBER

Beryl Boardman Cleary Joyce C. Colling Signe S. C oper Gra e K. CouLson Eleanor L. Crowder Joyce McMahon Devoe irene K. Dissinger Helen B. Dopsov i Florence S. Down s Terry D. Duffy Palricia D' Antonio Karen J. Egene ' Jonathan Erlen Lois K. Evans Julie Fairman Catherine D. Faust Suzan ne L. F etham M. Louise Filzpalrid.

Marily n E. Flood Anne Kdler Flowers M r. and Mrs. John os ell Catherine C. Freeman Palmer H. ut her Floren e R. Gart land Lauri . K. Glass Suz, nn C. Gordon MarieS. Goulburn Emu T. Goulding Elinbeth H. Graham Margare t J. Grey Jane Hartman Griffilh Laura Lucia Hayman William H. Helfand Carol S. Hclmstadter Lor tta Ash ley Helton Belh Helwig

31, 1997 GloriaJ. MeN Mr. anll Mr . J hn I. Me'Uley Mathy Mezey Lana L. Miller Mabel Morris Mary Alice Musser William H. Naee Elizabeth M. Norman TIlomas Craig Olson Mara I PaJanjian John Parase ndula Clam Tom Park Dorothy B. Phi llips Robert V. Pie monte Laura M. Rancfar Susan Reverby Natalie . Rjegler Charles E. Rosenberg Lucille M. Savacool Alice K. Savastio Rozella M. Schlotfeldl Barbara Schnur Thel ma M. Schorr Ies ie M. Scott Edilh A. Shinbach Norma Jean Shue SuzanneC. m Ilzer Dorothy M. Smith Theresa R. Snyder Christine H. Spagna Jean Martin Spangler tephanie A. Stachniewicz Lucy E. tcller Rosemary A. Stevens Su 'an Brunoh tiller Mr. and Mr . Herbert Strumpf

Hannah L. Henderson Ms. Wanda C. Hiestand Constance L. Hi ll MarlhaHilI E: ther R. Hitchner WiUiamL.H lzem r Christy Nye Hoover Jacquline Ro e HOIl Mary E.lrwin Jacqueline L. Kahn Dorothy G. Kupe nstein Elizabelh A. Kalona Ida R. Kaufman Jane D. Keeler Mary Sue Kern orma Peden Killebrew Mari lyn G. King G.U oydKirk An n P. Knight Maureene A. Kranler Irene Kuhar arline Landi Anne Lauer Eloise R. Lee I~!Il L Lee Maureen J. Let eha Sandra B. L wenson Mary Ann L wis Constance L. Litwiller Joan E. Lynaugh Mary B. MacBride Elizabeth Madl:ira Margueri te L. Manfreda Barbara Barden Mas n E. Ann Maller Margaret McMumlY

(continued on 70 e 8)

MEMBERSHIP ApPLLCATION TO THE CE TER FOR THE STUny OF THE HISTORY OF N URSrNG ; please enroll me in the fo llow ing group: Ene! ed is my check for $ _ __Friends of the Center ( p to $49)

_ __ Center Contributor ($50 to $99)

_ __Lindn R ichards Society $ 1001 $249)

_

_

Lillian Wald OCiclY ($250 to $499)

___AJ ice Fisher Society ($500 and Up) ___Please send me more infollnalion about named gifl oPP rlunit ie . ___PleU!;e end me m re inrormation arne

~Ibout

making a bequest to the Center.

Seho I _ _ __ _ __ __ _

Addres City _ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ __ _ __ __ _

State _ _ _ __

Year _ _ __ __

Zip _ __ __ _ __

r the Univer 'ity of Pennsylvania. Mail your tax-deduclible contribution to the Center for TIle Study or The History f Nurs ing, Univcrsi y of Pennsylvania, School of Nur ing. 307 Nursing Education Build­ ing.Philadelphia.PA 19 104-6096.

PI ase make your check payable to the Tru tee.

7

CALENDAR UPCOMINGEVENTS American Association for the History of Nursing Fifteenth Annua l Con ference September 25-27, 1998 Jackson. Mis­ si ippi . The Ameri an Association for the History of Nursing a nd the Univer­ sity of Mississi ppi S chool of Nursing are co-spon o ri ng thi anIl ual conference that provides a forum for shrui ng hi to ri­ cal res arch 11 n ur irl b • The conference w ill include pap r and po ler presenta­ tio ns as e ll a othe r opportu nities for learning and 'hari ng historical interests .

For fu rther inD nnation contact: Dr Anne Peirce 60 1-984- nOJackso n Visitors Bu­ reau. T he program and reg istration inJor­ ma tio n wi ll be placed on the wonderful AAl-IN webs ite in J une: http:// use rs.aol.com/N sgHislory /Conf.html.

Delaware Valley Archivist Group (DVAG) wi ll h ld its next meeting on Ap ril 22 , 1998 at the Phi ladelphin Ar hdiocesan Historical Researc h Cen­ ter.

20th Anniversary Meetingoflhc Inter­ national Association for Human Caring.

COMMUNI ATINGCARINGTheEs­ enee of Nur ing.

Apri l 26-28. Philadelphia, Pennsy lvania.

The conference celebrales the nislOry of the lAHC wi th presentaLions by charter m mbers of [he orga nization . Also, the conference e mphasizes outcomes of car­ ing in practice, Ih c perience of t ach­ ing caring to . talT nurse, and nw' ing student • and the m eta-synth sis of re­ . arch studie in crui ng, as wel l as con­ eptual papers, ae thetic projects or other expressions of caring. A sess ion on Historical Perspectives of Care/Caring features' presentation by Janna Dieckm ann enbtlcd Nursing Association and AdvoU/cy .li" Long Term Care ill the 1950'.1'. For int rmation please eu.ll 6 10-847-5396. Websiteh ltp:// www .I asalie .ed u/ac:ldem/grad/n ursi ng! iahc

Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Confer­ ence 1998 May 7-9, 1998, Saraloga pring, ew York. Many informative program s and workshops are planned. A full day w il l be concentrated on "Pre­

servi ng Photographs in a Digi tal World" in tructed by F ranz iska Fr y, lrn aging Scienbst, Roc hes! r fnsliLute of Technol ­ ogy/Image Permanence. Another work­ sh p of int rest is "Researc hing Neigh­ borhoods: In tru ction Through Primary Historica l Material ." This talk wi ll focus on ho w th Urban Arch ives tafT al Temple nivers ity uses the various hi ­ torical fo mlat to teach elementary and high school students how to do re­ search. Because Ph iladelphia is known as a city o f neig hborhoods, the speaker will specifically discuss how to u e the following to research a ncighborh od: J) hi toriea! map t trace a neighborhood and city directories to see if students can find who had been living in their home; 3) pamphlets that can provide il1 ­ fonnation ab ut rgan izations, speci fic neighbo rh o d , demographic 1 elc.; 4) new ~ clippings; 5) manusc ri p ; 6) pho­ logra phs; and 7 ) audio tape '. T emple has worked with public school teachers and developed a working outline and packet fo r the teachers to use in inst ruct­ ing the ir students on how to research their neighborhood u ing all of t he above formalS. The packe t includes hi s­ tories and a list f local repositorie,' to visit for additional information . A slidc presentation ilJ accom pany the talk .

Presenter: Margaret Jerrido. For more informati 11 , contact Program Commiue Chair: Robert Morris. NARA-No rlhctI t Region, 212-337-1303, robe rt. mom @newyork.nara.gov

American Association for the History of Medicine May 7 -JO, J998, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. What promises to be a splendid meeting includes session on variolls topics 'uch as "Heallh and lhe Other America" featuring Barbara Brodie's st udy on "Long Time Misery am()ng Us" .' The Eradication of Tra ­

choma in the Appalachia/1 Coull/ies

uI

Ken i llc/..y . 1910-/930, "Masculi nitie. and Medici ne" where E lizabctll Toon anu Jrulet Golden wi ll present I Can Make You a Ne ll' Mall: The Heallh Ad­ vice of Charles Alias and "Fa hioning Medical Per 'onas" chair d by Joan ' .

Lynaugh. in which Steven J. Peilzman will share his research on Medical and

Collegiate.' Student Lile ill the Gulden Age o{ the Woman' s Medical Cr. f/ege

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·.'[vania. A highlight of the meel­ ing is the Fie ldi ng H. Gam on Lecture: Taking a History: The Lire ofDr. Vir ­ ginia Alexander by Vanessa Northingto n Gamble followed by a recep­ tion al the Royal Ontario Mu e um. A combi ned exhibit antiquarian books and rece nt publ ications in the hisl ry of med icine will be located in the City Hall Room for the part icipants if they have Lime to peruse it. Please contact the local arrange ments committee for more infor­ mationat4 1 -282-92S0,fax416-282-373 lac98 ~sympa tic . .ca. Web ite hltp: // www.yrku.ca/ rgjaahm.

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or

ew York Academy ofMedicine, Section on Historical Medicine, Publk Lecture Series May 20, The Galci!;L n Lecture: Professor Charles Rosenberg, Depart­ ment o f Hi -tory and Sociology of Sci ­ nee, Univer ity of Pennsylvania. On Ihe

Boundary af Transgression: F.e.

Hollick and His Be 't elling COLinsel

011

Marriage . The New York Academy of Medjc ine is located at 1.216 Firth Ave., NY, NY at 103rd St. For further infomla­ tion on the lecture series, please caJ1212­ 822-731 4 oremail hislory@nyam.org.

Website hllp: //www.nyarn.org/.

Department ofHistory and Socioloru of Science Universityofl'ennsyl ania Spring 1998 Work hop~ March 30. Sarah Tracy, University of Wisconsin. All Evolving Science of " Man" : The Rise and Fall of Constitu­

tional Medicine . 1920-195() .

April 6, Thomas P. Hughes .

April II, Roger mlth. Joint Penni Princeton at P nn, Integration, the Mind

and the Brain ' Shaping {he Issue~ in 1nterwar Science. W Jrkshop are held in r om 392 Logan Hall, 249 South 36th St. Web ite http ://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/hss/

History of Medicine Seminars March 19, Jenni fer Tutlle, nive ityof Cal ifo rn ia a t Srul Diego, topic: literary and medical discourse in America . 1869­ 19 11. Her talk wi ll inc lude a discussion or S. Weir Mitchel l.

(COIl /illued Oil nex l p agl;!)

CALENDAR

(colltin ued fro m pre viou.1 page)

Marc h 26, Re becca M.'lcLenna n Col um­ bia University, Prison Refo rm an t Medi­ cal Model · 0/ Deviant Sexuality in th e Progressive Era .

April 2, David Rosn r, Colu mbia U niver­ sity, T/r Prof essional Abandonment of Black Children in Post WWII N ew York City.

Apri l 9, Dav id Harley Serl in, New York Universit , Recon.lructing the Hiroshima Maidens: Cosmetic Surgery during the Cold Wa r.

Apri l 16 , Barbara Wil l. Dartmouth Col­ lege. topic; neurasthenia as a c ultural ph no menon in America from 1880-.19 15.

Physi cian S. W eir M itchel l will figure promi nent ly in Profes or W i II 's ta lk.

Apri l 23. Louise Wh ite, Emory Uni ver­ sity, ''Bandages on Your Mo uth " Exp e­ rience alld Narrati ve in the /-lis /ory at C% nial Medicine in Eastern Af ricil.

Ap1i 130. Andren Bali s. Hun te r College nd C ity U ni vcrc' ity of Ne w York G radu­ ate Cent r, The Popular R eception oj ulla DrUG. . S minars are held at the Coil ge of Physicians on T hursdays from 12:30 pnlllltiI 2:00 pm. Bri ng yo ur lunch; beverages re prov ided. For more information ca1121 5-563-3737, X 297 or

273.

EXHIBmONS Florence Nigbtingale Museum N ightingale 's wo rk as a pioneer of stal is­ licaJ melh tis afte r the C rimean War is highl ighted . T he Florence Nig hlingli le

Center/ or TheStudyoI The HistoryojN UTSing UN IYFRSITY OF

S

H()OL ( F

307

N UR SING

p.

Com ingin Octo r 1998:EmergingDi ­ ea es. A ho t of new and re- merging iseases are today threat\jn ing the healUl of the world. Duri ng the pasl two decade ' at lea t 29 n w infectious di s­ ease ' have appeared. At the same time, ol der disea 'cs suc h a. tu berculosis, den­ gue fever and di phtheria whic h had gone into decline, ar retu ming with ren wed igor. Th is i co mpl icated by the gro iog phen menon of antibiotic resis­ lane . C ruc ial to the understandi ng of new and re-e merging diseases is lhe rel a­ tio nship bet een humans. <lisea e and env iro nment. Inre tious di a. es have p lag ued human since th beginning of eivi!iz tion. The new ex h.i bit will be in the CoUege Gallery, und draw upofl the co iI ctions of the College ' s Li brary and Mutter Museum a nd o f other institu­ tions. T he e xhi bit will present the currenl unde rstanding of the origin and nature of lhese d iseases and h w tJley can be pre ve nted and controlled. The exh ibit wi ll e mpha ize ways ror ind ividuaJ to minimize transmis ion of infec tio ns and max imize the ejforlS of medical and social .interventions such a immuniLali n and changes in life:tyle or behavi r.

Neville Strumpf Meryn Elisabeth Stuart Beth An n Swan Reba Hewi tt Tho mpso n Carole Torok Lorraine Tulman Mr. and M r '. D. W . Van Dusen Do l ore~K. Van arne E li zabeth D. Vickers Jeannette Vid mar Ellen Drace Warner T ina Wei ntra ub Marjorie 1-1. We i. el Mary Jessica G. Welfare Martha H . Wertheim Jane Wiest Ethel K... Wis hart Paol inI.: Davis W jc iak Zane Robinson Wol f Alma Woolley Hi lda Wright

USE THE WEB

There are now more finding aid available on-line. Find an up-to-date, categorized listing of the manuscript holdings of the Center at hup:// www.nursing.upenn.edu/history/ coUectioru .hlm.

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