A NEW PATHWAY OF LEARNING DIGITAL PORTFOLIO
JORDY CEVALLOS YACHAY TECH UNIVERSITY
A NEW PATHWAY OF LEARNING DIGITAL PORTFOLIO
Jordy Cevallos Chávez Yachay Tech University Academic English 6 Matthew Mackey December 30, 2016
Urcuquí, Ecuador 1|Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS “A NEW PATHWAY OF LEARNING” (THANK YOU LETTER) ………………….......3 YACHAY TECH’S VALUE (RESPONSE ESSAY) ..…………………………………… 6 MEMORIES FOR SALE (LITERARY ANALYSIS ESSAY) ...……………………..…. 12 INTERPRETATION OF THE PHOTOGRAPH “THE HOLOCAUST” (INTERPRETATION COLLABORATIVE ESSAY) ……………………………...……. 15 WHAT IS THE REAL VALUE OF YACHAY TECH’S HIGHER EDUCATION? (FINAL RESEARCH PROJECT: ESSAY)……………………………………………………….. .21
2|Page
THANK YOU LETTER
3|Page
Jordy J. Cevallos Chávez jordy.cevallos@yachaytech.edu.ec Ecuador, Urcuquí, Yachay Ciudad del conocimiento, December 05, 2016
Dear portfolio reader, Since Yachay Tech started its academic activities, it has been considered as an interdisciplinary college with the English language as official one. I always have been a critic student that participate and suggest the necessary changes for the improvement of Yachay Tech to the Commission Gestora. In fact, when I was in leveling course, I perform my first public English speech to ask a change of chemistry professor because he was not prepared to teach to undergraduate students. Then, I understood that to be a good English language user is necessary in Yachay Tech because it increases my value as student. Ecuadorian English programs from high school do not prepare to students to face a conversation either a presentation because it is not focused on the listening either speaking but only in grammar and writing. For this reason, I started the English language program at the first level and I have been passing level by level as I say: “step by step” Nowadays, I am finishing the last level of Yachay tech´s English program. I consider as strengthen to be spontaneous, to talk fluently because I lost the fear of talk in English language. For example, in all presentations in this English program my scores were the highest ones. It is because I started to think in English since the half of the Yachay Tech’s English program. Thinking in English is the key for an impromptu speech, presentations and debates too. In addition, in the last semester I developed my own style to write an essay and to perform a presentation. For instance, before to start my presentation I
4|Page
say something really powerful in order to catch the audience attention. Also, in essays I find a powerful phrase strongly related with the topic. On the other hand, in this semester I face to several problems related with the pronunciation of several words. If you are a language user, you should know there are cases of words with really difficult pronunciation. For instance, the differences between pronunciation of words with “y” vs “j”. I am going to focus more on the pronunciation and increase the amount of vocabulary in order to reach to be a very fluent English language user. I am sure that I am going to improve my English language level because since this semester I started to take my science classes in this foreign language. It implies that I am going to practice every day and it is going to give me more fluency. Nowadays, I am not afraid to talk in English with someone even if I have to present something to an audience because I understood that all of my mistakes helped to me to improve my English language abilities. I consider that I am ready to take my sciences classes in English language and keep my scores as high as I would take them in my native language.
Gratefully,
Jordy J. Cevallos Chávez
5|Page
RESPONSE ESSAY
6|Page
Higher Education Increases the Human Capital of People Jordy José Cevallos Chávez Yachay Tech University September 30, 2016
7|Page
Higher Education Increases the Human Capital of People According to the Oxford English Dictionary higher education is “the education beyond school, especially to degree level at a university or similar educational establishment” (2015). This connotation exclusively involves to the higher education with a college. On the other hand, according to the article “Don't buy the hype, college education is not an investment” written by George Leef, higher education could be acquire not only in a graduate program, but also in several ways or courses (2013). In his article Leef try to persuade people that college is not an investment by itself but just a way to increase the people’s value (Leef, 2013). Leef makes the assertion that college is not a sufficient guarantee for a successful career; however, the real value of higher education is clearly helpful for increasing the human capital of people as professionals. The main idea of the article written by Leef is that college is not a sufficient guarantee for a successful career. Sufficient guarantee means security that something will be obtained. In this case finding a good job. He argues that the most of people works in unskilled jobs thus college is not a requirement, and it would be a waste of time. He also expresses his disagreement with studies that institutions make in order to give non true value to the higher education (2013). In fact, university does not give students opportunities by itself (Leef, 2013). However, skills, abilities, and capabilities in a specific field are developed allowing students to find the best options for jobs, or at least to have high possibilities for getting a job in their own field. Consequently, they could have a successful professional life because they are going to work in their own field in which one they invest time and money.
8|Page
The connotation of higher education depends directly on college. It is to say that when people talk about higher education they think that it is only related with college but it is not necessarily correct. Higher education can be acquired not only in a graduate program but also in several ways such as online courses and even by themselves (Leef, 2013). Moreover, some people think that higher education is something more than an institution, but it is the set of all that people could learn by themselves after high school when they “face to real life”. The author claims that human capital could be developed after or even before finishing high school. Then, he wonders what the real value of the higher education is. Also, he says “no one receives any prize or premium for having finished college but they have to pay the college loans” (2013). In other words, going to college does not guarantee a successful professional life but, nevertheless, students must pay expensive college credits. In principle, it looks like a bad investment but the problem is not the higher education, but the higher educational system. On the other hand, most of people think that finishing college makes themselves more successful than they might be without going to college. In fact, the real value of higher education is to increase the human value of students and make them more competitive and productive. However, the success that people can get depends of themselves as students. Higher education gives opportunities for increasing their human capital. Going to college might increase the productivity of people (Leef, 2013). In fact, in college most people improve their public speaking because of their daily presentations and also conferences that they give. Moreover, student develop social skills such as leadership, empathy, listening skills, etc. These type of skills are necessary for working with groups
9|Page
when they get a job. Furthermore, in college students practice and develop their skills, capabilities and abilities hundreds of times every single day; it is something that other people do not do very often. These skills are useful in order to be involved in the society as a competitive employee or worker. In conclusion, higher education increases the human capital of people because it provides, develops and strengthens their abilities, capabilities and skills (especially social skills) in order to prepare them to face real life and to make them more competitive and productive. However, college does not give students opportunities by itself. Moreover, higher educational system makes to look to college like a bad investment when in truth it is not. George Leef makes the assertion that college is not a sufficient guarantee for a successful career; however, the real value of higher education is clearly helpful for increasing the human capital of people as professionals.
10 | P a g e
References Leef , G. (2013, June 12). Don't Buy The Hype, College Education Is Not An Investment. Forbes. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/06/12/dont-buythe-hype-college-education-is-not-an-investment/#1a58871d7ee6 Oxford E. D. (2015). Higher education definition. Retrieved from: http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/86873redirectedFrom=higher+education#eid289562 990
11 | P a g e
LITERARY ANALYSIS ESSAY
12 | P a g e
Jordy Cevallos Chávez Matthew Mackey L6-001 Literary Analysis Essay October 13, 2016 Memories for sale All of objects in a home have sentimental value. It always gives them more value that they really have. In the story written by Raymond Carver called “Why don´t dance?” There is a conflict in the mind of the old man about to sale his objects with his memories of his wife in there or do not (1981). The garage sale symbolizes to let leave out the past (memories) contained in the objects by three main reasons. They are in the first part of the story the old man describes his own home and memories about his wife come to his mind. Other reason is he want to sell everything and he does not care about the price, and the third reason is that in whole story the old man was drinking whiskey. The story starts with the description of the objects in the garage sale. Then, memories of his wife come to his mind. In the first paragraph of the story the old man shows to the reader the setting of the story. He starts to describe the objects that he has in the bedroom. When he sees the bed and the bed side of his wife, he may feel sadness and melancholy for that. They were together there. Also the TV may bring several memories about the afternoons that he and his wife were watching a romantic movie together. However, when the young couple bought these objects the old man just wanted to leave out them because he did not want to suffer more for that. In fact, when this young couple bought these objects and offered less than the established by himself. He accepted happily.
13 | P a g e
The old man did not care about the price of the objects. He just wanted to sell everything. In the story, when the young couple arrives to the garage sale and they ask what the price of the TV and bed are to the old man; he says a price but the couple get reduce the price awkward. Moreover, at the end of the story the girl talk with others about her experience and something else referring that they could get the objects almost free. It means that the old man just want to let go his memories about his happy past with her contained in the objects. He just wanted to forget these painful memories of her and his past happiness. It was difficult for him. He preferred to be drunk instead to fell this pain in his chest. Also, the old man carried in whole story a whisky with himself according with the story. He started to describe his bedroom and remembers her (his wife). He slipped the whisky because he considered this. Then when the young couple arrived to his garage sale he could remember to his wife and himself when they were young too. He could see through the girl to his wife. That is the reason why when he saw her he invited them to drink whisky. Also, at the end of the story the girl’s boyfriend fell asleep the old man and the girl got a strange behavior. It could be because he remember to his wife through this girl and maybe that girl had problems with her boyfriend. In conclusion, people’s memories shape the way that they behave and the way that they see the present too. In this story, the old man wanted to let go of all the memories contained in the objects of his home (leave the past behind) but the couple that bought all objects make him remember more. In this story the garage sale symbolizes letting go of the past contained in his object as memories.
14 | P a g e
INTERPRETATION AND COLLABORATIVE ESSAY
15 | P a g e
Interpretation of the Photograph “The Holocaust� Evelin Pomasqui, Jordy Cevallos & Polette Cevallos Yachay Tech University November 18, 2016
16 | P a g e
Interpretation of the Photograph “The Holocaust” In the 1945 there were around 6 million Jews were killed by the Nazis in the concentration camps, but why did they perform this kind of holocaust? Holocaust is a word of Greek origin, meaning "sacrifice by fire" (Bible Hub, 2004). The Nazis, who came to power in Germany in January 1933, believed that Germans were "racially superior" than others such as Jews. This photograph is very important and impressive because it shows the atrocious actions made by the Nazis to the Jews and others. The photograph “Holocaust”, by an anonymous author, shows the fatal consequences of racist ideologies. In the photograph, there are a pile of death malnourished naked Jewish bodies and some Nazis seem it as a pile of rubbish on the floor. They don’t seem to care about what they were seeing because they were indoctrinated in their racist ideology. The racist doctrine had caused the lack of humanity in the Nazis regime when they performed holocaust. It is why the Nazis show expressionless faces in the photograph. The photograph was taken, by one of the Nazis, in the Buchenwald concentration camp where millions of Jewish were fatally killed. On the other side, in one window of one of the house is shown two wreaths which may represent Christmas epoch. Thus, it proves that Nazis celebrated their Christmas even if there were Jewish bodies staked like garbage in the same place. Moreover, the lack of graves for dead Jews is evident by the stacked corpses in the photograph. This could prove they are indoctrinated in their racist ideology. By their racist ideology, Nazis developed a system of oppression for Jews in the concentration camps. In the photograph were captured the satisfaction of a barbaric “victory” in Nazis’ faces produced in their concentration camps. Analyzing the context of where the photograph is involved, we can infer that Nazis were manipulated and influenced by a master mind. Nazis’ ideologies empowered to their followers to perform methods that
17 | P a g e
threaten the lives of all those who were prisoners. With this Nazis lost their sensibility and humanity. In fact, in the photograph we can see the serious state of malnutrition presented by the corpses. It was a result of being subjected to low-nutrient diets, such as coffee where the only consolation was that the coffee was hot (McDonald, 2010). Even, they stripped them of their clothes and belongings to expose them to extreme temperature conditions with uniforms not sheltered and codified for differentiate them and knowing to which group they belong: if Jews, political prisoners, emigrants, and among a wide variety of people who were imprisoned (USHMM). The Nazis called it as “satisfaction and victory” when they practiced their methods of human torture, exercising the power of decision over who lives or dies, affecting innocent people with that. Until 1945, the Nazis felt like a superior race. On the other hand, nowadays there exist an “evolution” of this expressions of racism. Racist ideology has undergone several changes in the last 50 years. Even 50 years later the inhumane way that Jewish people were treated shows how the consequences of racist ideologies could perform. Nowadays, there are several leaders that influence the people with a racist ideology. It is why the countries have changed their ideologies at the same time as they have changed their leaders. For example, the president elect Donald Trump of the US has proposed to deport to every Latino from the US because he says that all of them are “rapist” and the worst is that there are some of people that believe it. Nowadays, there are not a pile of dead naked Latinos in the US streets (yet). However, the manifestation of racism is going to appear in this country as soon as he starts to be the president of US. We consider that Latinos in US from the beginning of the presidency of Donald Trump will suffer for implementation of his racist ideologies in his policies. In fact, he has expressed openly them.
18 | P a g e
The racist ideologies have made to the society a set of people that hate others just by the color of their eyes, skin and hair even by their culture and traditions. The photograph “The Holocaust” represents a single sample of fatal events happened in the Nazi concentration camps. Action was empowered by racist ideologies. Nowadays, there exist racism but it is not expressed as the same way in 40’s. Nazis believed that Germans were "racially superior". This photograph is very important and impressive because it shows the atrocious actions made by the Nazis to the Jews and others “racially inferior”. The photograph “The Holocaust” shows the consequences of racist ideologies. Remember "The people who forget their history are condemned to repeat it" (Santayana, 1905).
19 | P a g e
References Bible Hub. (2004). Holokautóma meaning. Retrieved from: http://biblehub.com/greek/ strongs_3646.htm JTA. The Jerusalem Post. (2016). 9 times Donald Trump has been compared to Hitler. Retrieved from: http://www.jpost.com/printarticle.aspx?id=447358 McDonald, R. (2010). Methods to kill. Retrieved from: http://la8period7.pbworks.com/w/page/25951514/Methods%20to%20Kill Santayana G. (1905). The Life of Reason Phases of human progress. Published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1905. Retrieved from: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/15000/15000-h/vol1.html The Holocaust. Anonymous (after 1936).Buchenwald. Retrieved from: http://tophistorias.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/holocausto.jpg USHMM. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Concentration camps, 1933–1939 Buchenwald. Retrieved from: https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/ article.php?ModuleId=10005198
20 | P a g e
FINAL RESEARCH PROJECT: ESSAY
21 | P a g e
What Is the Real Value of Yachay Tech’s Higher Education? Jordy José Cevallos Chávez Yachay Tech University
22 | P a g e
Abstract Yachay Tech, one of the last universities created in Ecuador 2014, is considered as one of the best universities of the country by important institutions and organizations. In Yachay Tech, higher education develops the human capital of students and gives them more opportunities for their professional life after finishing college by three main reasons. One of them is higher education provides, develops, and strengthens the human capital of students. As consequence, Yachay Tech's higher education gives to students more opportunities for their professional life after to finish college. Moreover, in Yachay Tech, the conception of higher education is given by student and professors in order to achieve their learning goals. On the other hand, some people think that Yachay Tech is a wasting of money because they believe Yachay Tech is not going to work. However, Yachay Tech is considered as one of the best universities of Ecuador by its important results in researching and in the developing of projects with high social impact. In short, the real value of Yachay Tech´s higher education is to develop the human capital of students and to give to them more opportunities for their professional life after finish college.
23 | P a g e
What Is the Real Value of Yachay Tech’s Higher Education? “The more enlightened people are the more free they become” Juan Montalvo In Ecuador, higher education is one of the most valued sources. Ecuadorians think that people who finished college are more prepared to perform a job than others who did not do it. This topic is important because the investment in education, specifically higher education, is around 3.8 billion of dollars in the last year (minister of finance, 2016). For this reason, when student leave their college studies Ecuador loses money. Yachay Tech has received around 1.6 million dollars in 2015 from the government. Yachay tech is becoming one of the best universities of Ecuador. However, the ratio of students that leave the college is high. Most of them do not have a clear idea about what the real value of Yachay Tech is and what opportunities they could have after finishing their studies in this emblematic college. Nowadays, in Yachay Tech there exist just 85 students from the first generation and round 900 new students in total, who are in lower levels (Yachay Tech, 2015). This fact opens the question: Is Yachay a good investment? In Yachay tech, higher education develops the human capital of students and gives to them more opportunities for their professional life after finish College. The real value of higher education is clearly helpful for increasing the human capital of people as professionals. Human capital is defined as the set of all abilities and knowledge and skills that can be used to create economic value for the individuals, their employers, or their community (Dictionary, 2012). Higher education provides, develops, and strengthens the human capital of students. Going to college might increase the productivity of people (Leef, 2013). In fact, in college most of people, for example,
24 | P a g e
improve their public speaking because of their daily presentations and also conferences that they give. Moreover, students develop social skills such as leadership, empathy, listening skills, etc. These type of skills are necessary for working with groups when they get a job after or even while they are studying. Furthermore, in college students practice and develop their skills, capabilities, and abilities hundreds of times every single day; it is something that other people do not do very often. These skills are useful in order to be involved in the society as a competitive employee or worker. However, college does not give students opportunities by itself. George Leef makes the assertion that college is not a sufficient guarantee for a successful career; however, the real value of higher education is clearly helpful for increasing the human capital of people as professionals (2013). Yachay is a particular case of South American Universities which are focused on developing the human capital of its students and it gives them professional opportunities. Yachay Tech's higher education gives students more opportunities for their professional life after finishing college. Yachay tech is one of the universities where students share their ideas and projects with professors, who guide them and also with their classmates who support them. With this fact classmates becomes to in colleagues and professors to recruiters. These events are very important because they model the “real world� and allow students to develop and to strengthen their knowledge, skills, abilities and capabilities. Therefore, it increases their value as students and professionals. In Yachay tech, there are some events that motivate students to perform teamwork and to be more productive and competitive. In these events students create a project based on the necessities of the Ecuadorian society in order to improve their quality of life. The events are The Innovation´s Day and Hult Prize Ecuador. Students in order to achieve it,
25 | P a g e
Yachay Tech gives them several courses such as innovation and entrepreneurship in order to teach the basis to develop and start up projects to students. Moreover, the winners of each of these events could have free courses to improve their project in cities such as Dubai, Boston, San Francisco, London, and Shanghai. Benefits of developing the human capital of students is to give them experience in managing and developing projects on their own. Furthermore, their project could be supported with seed capital to perform it. In fact two years ago four students from the first generation won the innovation day, and they went to Bath University of United Kingdom. There, Simond Bond, the innovation director of SET-square, and his team selected some projects from entrepreneurs around the world where the Yachay Tech students’ project was the best of the social ones. Higher education is a valuable source for people in Ecuador because it helps them to increase their value as professionals. Moreover, in Yachay tech there are several experiences of social projects built by students. It implies that there are students who are ready to start up their projects. Yachay Tech is proof that the higher education system in Ecuador must be changed because, according to Sir Ken Robinson in his talk “Changing of paradigm”, the time and necessities of the society has changed (2011). In Yachay Tech, the methods of learning are built by student and professors in order to achieve their learning goals. Then, new ways of learning are improved trough simple but innovative ways of teaching. “Why Finland's teachers are different?” this article shows innovative techniques of teaching. There, Teachers give to students tools and tips improve the learning process. Also, grades are measured by goals or completed objectives (Crouch, 2015). In Yachay Tech, students and professors are the protagonists of this process. They are who determines the innovative ways of learning. In fact, in physics and
26 | P a g e
nanotechnology careers professors are implementing Finnish educational system in order to reach a change and to prepare to the best scientist of the world. For instance, in the physics school there are some professors who copied several characteristics and techniques from the Finnish educational system such as students could choose the way of learning and the topics related with the subject that they want to take in the next semester. Students experiment a new way of learning through forums and presentations of the topics selected by themselves (related with the subject). However, English class is not taught in a traditional way. However, there are several assignments which can develop their human capital. For instance, students have designed their own research project based off a topic from class. Moreover, they have taught the class (student and teacher trading roles). In all of these activities, students have used technology to enhance their own study and they have been engaged in group participation from the beginning. Also, they have also given a small speech to the public. It is really useful and productive because it prepares students to start their career in the fifth semester as engineers or bachelors, this is possible because science classes are taught in the English language beginning in the fifth semester. In fact, knowing another language could by itself be valuable to students, but to be taught the science classes in a global language is especially valuable. These reasons show that Yachay Tech is changing the conception of higher education in Ecuador and producing knowledge and projects for the development of the country. However, there are people who say that Yachay tech is not going to work. On the other hand, there are people who believe that Yachay Tech is only a political project for getting votes in the next elections of 2017 because politicians said it and Yachay Tech has not refuted it. Also, they say that Yachay Tech is a waste of money for the country. First of all, Yachay Tech is a university, and universities do not give votes or gets
27 | P a g e
votes either for elections. The organic law of higher education says: “… the higher education will be at the service of the public interest, but not to the individuals nor corporative ones” (LOES, 2010). Therefore, to say: “this “argument” is true because a lot of people (politicians) say that Yachay Tech is only a political project for getting votes in the next elections of 2017. Moreover, it must be true because Yachay tech´s people cannot refute it” is a fallacy. In fact, there are two mixed fallacies in this “argument”, one of them is ad populum in which the argument is true because there are a lot of people who say it and the other one is ad ignorantiam in which the argument is true because people cannot refute it. Second of all, opposing views claim Yachay Tech does not produce knowledge for the development of the country as the “producer of knowledge” that it is called, but Yachay Tech was considered as the Second Best University of Ecuador by Nature, one of the most important journals in the world. It is because some professors of Yachay Tech have published several papers in the most important science journals of the world, according with the number of citations and publications of its articles and papers in the different fields such as mathematics, physics, biology, etc. In fact, students and professors of Yachay Tech very often work together in some research papers and projects. Moreover, there are opportunities for students to be Teacher’ assistant and assistant researchers. These opportunities give students not only experience, but also contacts and monetary support by the university. Therefore, Yachay Tech in this three years has stood out in the production of knowledge of high level in Ecuador. In conclusion, Yachay tech is one of the best Universities of Ecuador because it has proven that its conception of higher education is according with the necessities of the country. Ecuador, a producer of knowledge, has invested millions of dollars for the
28 | P a g e
developing of this Emblematic project called Yachay Tech. Therefore, Yachay Students and professors, even all of the Ecuadorians are going to be beneficiated with Yachay Tech’s results. The real value of Yachay Tech´s higher education is to develop the human capital of students and to give to them more opportunities for their professional life after finish college.
29 | P a g e
References Crouch, D. (17 June 2015). Highly trained, respected and free: why Finland's teachers are different. The guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/education /2015/jun/17/highly-trained-respected-and-free-why-finlands-teachers-are-different
Dictionary. (2012). Human capital definition. Retrieved from: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/human-capital Leef, G. (2013, June 12). Don't Buy The Hype, College Education Is Not An Investment.
Forbes. Retrieved from:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/06/12/dont-buy-the-hype-college-educationis-not-an-investment/#1a58871d7ee6 LOES (Organic Law of higher education- Spanish abrevation). (October, 2010). Organic Law of higher education. Art. 3. Page 7. Retrieved from: http://www.conocimiento.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Ley-Organica-deEducacion-Superior-LOES.pdf Minister of finance Ecuador, (2015). Budget general plan of State 2016. Retrieved from: https://www.unicef.org/ecuador/ASAMBLEA_Presentacion_Proforma_del_PGE_2016_ GastoSociaNinez_Adolescencia_FS.pdf Robinson, K. (2011).Changing paradigms. YouTube. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDZFcDGpL4U&feature=youtu.be
30 | P a g e
CLOSING REMARKS AND THANK YOU LETTER
31 | P a g e
I would like to thank you for reading my portfolio. I hope that you have enjoyed to read as much as I have enjoyed to writing it. My advice for you as a new English user is to be focus, to take your time on learning a foreign language because it is a process really slow process and practice, practice and practice as much as you can. I would like to thank to all of my instructors that helped to learn this global foreign language especially to my last three professors who I really understood what they said or at least what they want to say. Thank you Rebekah, you have been the loveliest person and a great instructor I learned a lot of grammar with you. Thank you Pamila, you was the funniest instructor that I have ever had I was always awake in your classes I learned different ways to develop my mind wellbeing and also I learned a lot of vocabulary in your classes. The last but not least, Thank you Matthew you was an instructor who always had an answer to any question even to our questions from mathematics. In your classes, I lost the fair to talk in public. I really appreciated all of your classes. I know that wherever you are you are going to awaken the students’ desire to learn the English language as you did with me. Moreover, I would like to thank to the Photography Club Yachay Tech which let me use some of their wonderful photos.
32 | P a g e
33 | P a g e