Sharing my Experience throughout this Level 6 By Valentina Cordova
English Language Program Yachay Tech University Level 6 - 003 Teacher: Daniel J. Beall January 09, 2017 Yachay, Ecuador
Table of contents 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
Portfolio letter Response essay Literary analysis Interpretation essay. Final research project essay Additional materials Thank you letter
Valentina Cordova Yachay Campus Imbabura, Ecuador December 14, 2016 Dear Portfolio Reader,
I am Valentina Cordova, and I'm really grateful to you for reading my English Language Portfolio. This is a compilation of my greatest commitment of time and effort in the writing during level 6, and it shows that my English student role has been improved with the passage of each semester in Yachay Tech. My portfolio contains three essays, my final project about educating children to be resilient in a war zones which was created in my level 6, and some other works. From my student perspective, I have improved in many things since I started this English level. For example, when I had to write my response essay I forgot to read again the assignment sheet thereby I did not follow the instructions completely. Then, when I received my grade I was really surprised because I have lost many points for APA format specifically because I did not write “Running head”. This has been a great learning for me, and then during all rest of semester I forced to myself to read first the work sheet carefully. Nowadays, I am conscious about the academic format that I have to use in each assignment. Additionally, in my literary analysis I only used transition words to connect the paragraphs because I did not know that in a formal context of the writing I should use transitions which refer to previous main idea and introduce the principal idea of a new paragraph. For instance, I wrote words such as “In addition” and “In conclusion” to start two paragraphs and I never mentioned the previous principal idea. In consequence, I obtained a regular grade due to structural problems. Then, when I wrote the outline of my research paper, previously I received from my teacher advices about how write a good transition and making connections between paragraphs. Thus, I wrote many transitions like “In addition to the familiar comforting activities, teaching and advising to a child
that is more resilient than others in a war zone about how he can help to others in worse situations is really important�. This was useful for my future works because the use of transitions give connectivity and cohesion to body paragraphs making that the essay will be more understandable for the reader. Although, for me is difficult some issues like the use of grammar articles and verb tense I going to do my best effort to correct them. Since this moment I assume the compromise with myself for boosting my writing skills in the academic field each day more, and for achieving this goal I will search papers and documents from people that have a large deal of experience in this aspect. I really thankful because you took your time to read my English Language Portfolio. I trying to show you a piece of the advance that I have obtained during this process of learning in level 6. I hope pass this level with all disagreements and agreements that are included in the learning process. Finally, I want to say you that I will continue to practice the English language during the remaining five semesters of my undergraduate and in my future academic life.
Sincerely,
________________________ Valentina Cordova T.
Response to “The Ethics of Human Enhancement” by Andy Miah Valentina Cordova September 15, 2016 Yachay Tech
Response to “The Ethics of Human Enhancement” by Andy Miah Imagine that you need a prosthesis on your leg and thanks to advanced technology and medicine you can get it, but this is forbidden because it is against God's creation or it is violating ethics because this is a human enhancement. Or you cannot pay for this because you do not have money. Well, this is unfair to you because the policy about the human enhancement must be different for each case, but all cases, in the current age, are treated as equals. According to Miah in his article called “The Ethics of Human Enhancement”, there are many arguments against of the human Enhancement such as medical or moral concerns, governmental laws, etc. For example, the use of drugs to improve some physical or mental characterizes in early age could have a good results, but with the passage of time it could be dangerous for the human body. Another issue is the religious belief which professes the human creation of God in a way, and in consequence the human enhancement is against of human nature that God intended for each person. Ultimately, there is lack of political will to regulate the human enhancements so these not become in a right for a few people. Therefore, Andy Miah shows us a clear ethical problem with the human enhancements and he claims for a political effort to regulate it. However, he should show differences between necessary enhancements for people’s lives and their economic position because this is fundamental for discussion of ideas about human enhancements. Andy Miah, in his article “The Ethics of Human Enhancement”, gives three principal points about how several scientific developments allows people to take advantages over others. In this sense, the article’s author mentions brain modifications to improve the memory, psychopharmacological medicine that allows control of the human mind, some technological tools for physical improvements, and discusses moral issues that refer to God’s will and his creation. Also, he emphasizes health risks because a quick enhancement in early age could result in big health problems in the future of each person. Eventually, Miah calls the world to action because he
believes that it is really important to create a good policy about human enhancement around the World. Human enhancements in mental and physical health must be a right because these are giving new opportunity of life to people. On the other hand, Miah in his article said that “closely related is the ethical question raised about certain psychopharmacological substances… [because] they transform the patient into someone else” (2016). This means that psychopharmacological substances are generating an ethical problem in the world, but the author is creating an arbitrary mixture of health and ethics. In general, I agree the chemical substances and technological advances must not be used to take advantage over others persons. In this context, the human enhancements must be applied for the improvement of the well-being of each person. Therefore, if we consider the psychopharmacological medicine as an ethical and controversial issue, then we should return to use of a straitjacket for insane and depressed people. Or even worse, leaving people to manage their mind problems could cause suicide. Here is the real ethical problem and it is not quite the vague idea of “the transformation of people into some else”. In another aspect, biotechnology is creating prostheses for human body which help to people in their motor characteristics and it allows them to do daily activities. This is a reason for which I cannot deny the importance of biotechnology and it cannot be considered an ethical deal. In other side, I think that the income of many people is not enough to pay for these kind of human enhancements, and their right to have a dignified life is being violated. I meant, when somebody is restricted economically to enjoy their human rights, we can talk about a big ethical problem in the society. In addition, secondary effects that have several drugs in people cause problems in the future. In this sense, Miah argues “some enhancements might promote success early in life, but lead to serious disability later” (2016). In this sense, I agree with him because as we known many people have suffered serious and minor consequences from headaches, weight gain to illness like cancer, or the death. For example, The Bethesda’s National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the US has published in
its article that “women who take oral contraceptives for more than 5 years have an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma [liver cancer], but others have not” (2012). This is a clear example about the future risks which can affect the people’s life because currently contraceptives are one of the few options that people have to prevent a pregnancy. Unfortunately, science has not made much progress to give a definitive solutions for this issue whereby it generates an ethical dilemma because people have to take the least harmful decision for them. Other example is given by Miah and it is about drugs for the increase of memory in people. However, as this is well known this kind of drugs are used for Alzheimer treatments of people that suffer due to this syndrome. Also, I think that this medicine called Nootropics is really new in this decade whereby it has not been found scientific evidence that support its secondary effects; instead it has produced benefits in consumers. Certainly, in my opinion in this case has not an ethical problem because it is more related with human enhancement, focusing on health of people as well as the economic problem. The Miah’s goal of making the reader reflects about the ethics of human enhancements is totally achieved in the same way that the author awakes curiosity about scientific advances in this topic. However, the writer of the article shows his religious tendency when he says in a sarcastic way that “biotechnologists are playing God” (Miah, 2016). I think that he should have in count that we are in 21th century, and really biotechnologists are doing better work than God [in a manner of speaking] because they are giving new opportunities to people. For example, pacemakers and prostheses are more specialized due to biotechnologists are using most advanced technology to improve this devices. On the other hand, he considers that all kind of medicines were and are been created for people take advantage over the others. I consider, he is ignoring all cases in which this drugs has prevented or cured illnesses. In this sense I think that Miah should make a difference between pharmacological substances pro-life and the others that have had a negative impact in some people. In addition, he starts his article saying that “biology is treated as something to be manipulated at will”. For me, he is showing us that he disagrees with the human enhancements. In
this context when he uses the word “manipulated”, he is biased for his opinion about the topic. Thus, this is why he is giving “ethical” arguments against human enhancements. I think that this is a clear bias by part of the article’s author. Eventually, he concludes calling the attention about governmental laws that should regulate the human enhancements and it is completely valid. However, I think that he does not consider the economic situation of people who have not enough money for accessing to benefits of these human improvements. To sum up, all scientific advances must serve to improve the different kind of life that there are in the Universe. In this sense, some enhancements are fundamental to development of a worthy life and it cannot be denied due to subjective concerns. Some psychopharmacological substances are necessary for the mental health of people, others are not. Also, some arrangements for the human body such as implants or prostheses are helping people in their physical disabilities and no one should deny their right. Any regime or person can restrict the right to have a sane and satisfactory life to another person because it is going against principles ethics. In another aspect, the harmful effect to health of people due to some drugs must be controlled by experts because sometimes it is generating a quickly solution while it could generate a big problem in the future too. The recommendation to Miah is that he tries to make difference between the human enhancements that help to people to have better life, and the human enhancements which allow people to be above others. The first difference is related to economic problems and the second difference refers to an ethical problem. This would be a better way to analyze the ethical problem about human enhancements and its impact.
References Miah, A. (2016). The ethics of human enhancement. Retrieved from: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/602342/the-ethics-of-human-enhancement/
National Cancer Institute. (2012, March 21). Oral contraceptives and cancer risk. Retrieved September 28, 2016, from https://www.cancer.gov/aboutcancer/causesprevention/risk/hormones/oral-contraceptives-fact-sheet
Literary Analysis Essay The relationship between symbolism and tone/style in “The Tell-Tale Heart” by Edgar Allan Poe Valentina Cordova October 13, 2016 Yachay Tech
The relationship between symbolism and tone/style in “The Tell-Tale Heart” by Edgar Allan Poe Once time Edgar Allan Poe said “I am insane, with long intervals of horrible sanity” and story “The Tell-Tale Heart” completely reflects it. In this sense, Poe wrote this story in which the principal character and narrator are the same: a madmen. Also, the feelings of the character could be perceived by the reader due to the writing way of the author is really descriptive. In general, “The Tell-Tale Heart” is an insane story about man who is obsessed with another man that lives in the same house. This obsession make that the principal character is constantly planning the last days of his future victim. Thus, this is a little bit of “The Tell-Tale Heart” written by Edgar Allan Poe who used a particular tone for telling this story and symbolism which should be related in this crazy story. The Tell-Tale Heart is a story that definitely is first-person narration. In this sense, the reader can find sentences written by Poe (1843) as “I looked in upon him while he slept”, or “I went down to open it with a light heart”. This kind of sentences make that the reader relate directly the principal character with the narrator of the story, and concludes that they are the same. This writing style means that the world in the story is around the narrator. Therefore, when the reader can feel that is closer of the feelings that the narrator has. Really, the tone of the narrator shows nervousness about the situation, and many controversial feelings that are peculiar of a madman. The narrator is worried about the crime that he committed, but at the same time he is happy because achieve his goal: kill the man inside of his home. All of these events are showed mainly details and precautions that the narrator has during the story. In addition to the first-person narration style and writing tone of Poe, the symbolism in the story of the author is very representative due to there are several details that have an important meaning The Tell-Tale Heart. For example, the bed of the old man represents the place of death, that is to say the pass-away moment. Another example is the victim's eye which represents the guilt
that the narrator feels after the crime. Eventually, another issues can be found as the lantern which shows the sight of the narrator, etc. The most important that should be highlighted is that each object inside of story represent the senses of the principal character. The frenetic and nervous tone along with the symbolism in The Tell-Tale Heart are related because both emphasizes in the craziness of the narrator. When the narrator is telling this story generates that the reader open his mind and the reader can feel the anxiety of the principal character. Otherwise, the symbolism make that the reader imagines objects and create in his main similar sounds from the story. A clear example of sound that the reader can imagine is the beat of the old man’s heart under floor. The man’s eye looking for the guiltier of the crime capture the attention and make that the reader is goosebumps. Thus, the tone and the symbolism are tightly related because the narrator wants to impress and cause in the reader fear and intrigue until end of the story. To sum up this literary analysis of the crazy story of Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart is a deeper story about an insane crime committed by a freaky man who cannot handle his crazy internal thoughts. The style of narration in first person on the part of the narrator seeks that the reader is identified with the feelings of the main character. The anxious and fearful tone of the narrator transmit a sense of fear to the reader. The symbolism allows the reader to recreate each scene of The Tell-Tale Heart. This kind of tone and detailed symbolism inside of the story create a mental imagines from the story, also this motivates to the reader to continue reading in the end. Finally, The Tell-Tale Heart is a great story which the writer achieves to scare the reader.
Interpretation of “House Of Cards” Valentina Córdova, David García, David Lajones, Karen Sánchez November 18, 2016 Yachay tech
Interpretation of “House Of Cards” Twyla Tharp once said “Art is the only way to run away without leaving home”. In this sense, many artists express their feelings or their disagreements through their works. As an example we have Zinaida Yevgenyevna Serebriakova (1884-1967), who was a Russian female painter. She belonged to the artistic Benois Family, a family of famous artists in the 19th-20th centuries. From her youth onwards, Zinaida Serebriakova strove to express her love for the world and to show its beauty. Her earliest works, Country Girl and Orchard in Bloom, speak eloquently of this search (Olga's Gallery, 2016). She became a recognized artist with her work Self-portrait: At the Dressing Table. Also, she focused on rural life of Russian people in works, such as Peasants or Sleeping Peasant Girl (ARTINCONNU, 2009). Till that she had been painting with oil; a thing that changed when her husband died. By changing her paint, she saw the opportunity of getting more income. This moment of her life coincided with one of her most tragic works, “House of Cards”. In this work she painted her four orphaned children. This picture evokes some sensations and messages such as the strong relationship between siblings, the hard situation the artist’s family was going through and women as important part of the society. The painting “House of cards” is an oil on canvas which has unknown dimensions. The picture presents four kids, two boys and two girls that are sitting around of pyramid of cards. One of the girls who is the youngest, is seeing with admiration to her sister that is in front of pyramid . The oldest girl has a hearth card in her right hand and another card in her left hand. Both boys are staring the cards pyramid, but one them has a diamond card in his hand with intention to put in house of cards. Skin of children is white and their cheeks are red as well as their lips. In general, they are all four focused on building a house of cards. The house of cards is building on a table where there is also a doll with red dress, a part of
book, and a pot with blue flowers which apparently are withered. The kids are wearing jackets that are blue as well as the table the flowers and the back of the some cards. The red color of the pyramid stands out in the painting which call to attention of the observers. Finally, the walls that surrounding the children in that room look a little dirty and with the paint stained. The characteristics of the rest of the room are not described on the painting. The cohesion between siblings, is the force that built this pyramid. This painting looks as if the children were siblings that strive to keep the pyramid of cards stable, which could mean a strong family bond between them. This might mean that the fundamental basis of their relationship as siblings are solidarity and cooperation which makes one think about the importance of these values in life. In another aspect, the children look like they were really concentrated in the structure of the pyramid because they put card by card carefully. This call to attention because it transmits the importance of concentration when people do some activity. This means that when you are focused on achieving goals, you have to try it many times until you get better results. Also, the little girl looks at the older sister as a leader in the cards game. This can mean that in this epoch there might have taken place a revolutionary deed that generated the change of the thought in favor of the feminine gender. In this sense, the role played by woman is underlined from a children’s game as in the history of humanity. This recognition makes us feel proud because throughout history it has been understood that men and women can both perform a valuable work. More deeply than just the gender, objects in the painting can give another insight into the painting. Taking into account the clothes, the painting House of Cards looks as if the children were from a country with cold weather due to colors, blue scale, used by the painter. Although, the children’s coats are really obvious to the naked eye, it can mean the weather in the surroundings of house’s children was very cold. Also, the painter wanted to emphasize even more with blue color on the children’s coats that as is known is a “cold
color” which leads us to go back to a cold city. Moreover, the red color in cheeks of the children could confirm the cold weather in their surroundings as is commonly known people from cold countries have red cheeks due to accumulation of red blood cells in this part of their faces. This can indicate that the temperature is cold, therefore the painting gives the sensation of a cold environment. Certainly Zinaida´s artistic work can be interpreted as the importance of women's role in the society in a period of change of mentality. However, “House of Cards” also could have another viewpoint for interpretation. For Dola RC (2013), art critic, the artistic work is more related with the economic and sentimental situation which Zinaida faced during her husband's death. Dola (2013) refers to the children that appear in the picture having a melancholic look for the painful situation experienced at that moment. Furthermore, Zinaida´s picture have a symbolic image that is the house of cards which reflects the instability in the life due to the fact that she had to take care of her children, and additionally to take care of her ailing mother. The author also argues that the image reveals harmony because even children are sad they seem to remain a strong bond and family union. Dola´s ideas can be implemented with freedom and revolution issues previously raised. Both parts of interpretation keep relationship because authors just reflect in their artwork their feelings and experience and both revolution and loss of her husband happened until that stage. There are many ways of interpreting an artwork. And while they are mostly different, they coincide on the subjectivity of the analysis. One cannot go back in time to ask Zinaida about the thoughts she had for her painting or what ideas she wanted to transmit to the audience. Even if we do so her answer will keep being subjective. This paper collected some analysis based on the genders present in the picture and the color palette used to make it. It lastly included the critique of an expert, Dola. When contrasted, both interpretations
coincide in the hardness of the situation Zinaida´s family was living and the children’s thought about family union. References R, Dola. (2013). Zinaida’s House of Cards. [online]. Retrieved from htps://ipseand.wordpr ess.com/2013/10/06/zinaidas-house-of-cards/ ARTINCONNU. (2009, June 11). Retrieved from ARTINCONNU: http://www.artinconnu.com/2009/06/zinaida-serebriakova-1884-1967.html Olga's Gallery. (2016). Retrieved from http://www.abcgallery.com/S/serebriakova/serebriakovabio.html
Research on Educating Children to be Resilient in a War Zone Valentina Cordova December 09, 2016 Yachay Tech
Abstract The research starts from the fact that it is not the same situation of one kid who is passing a bad moment inside of your school in comparison with a child during a bombing in a civil war. In the same sense, the attention to child of the second case mentioned, is different and your orientation to endure the consequences of war is dissimilar. This is why the most important is that in the case of having the members of the child's family live, which will be a great event, the family bond is strengthened and generates activities that distance the bad times of the war. These types of activities will have the purpose of keeping family members safe and mentally occupied. In another aspect, children that are more resilient can help others in that regard and help them not give up. In the last instance, during the indiscriminate shooting in parts of war zones the collection of food and water is almost impossible thereby the survival instinct of other people in other countries serves as a guide for who is going through war. All of these examples of survival can help children and orphans around the world to be stronger, overcome physically and mentally the horrific moments that they have to pass in war zones.
Educating Children to be Resilient in War Zones Everybody can go through hard moments that cause psychological or physical impacts, but the important is the ability to go ahead and overcome them. This is known as “resilience� or the capability to withstand situations that can remove the smile on our face for a specific time or an entire life. People need to acquire knowledge that allows them to be prepared for any risk and can be more objective when something wrong happens. As is known, education is a bastion that people can use to be more reasonable when they face situations of vital risk. Particularly on the topic of childhood, children who are living in a war zone in different countries that for many years have been in confrontations need guides to overcome this terrific facts. For example, one of the results obtained by a research about Palestinian Children found that 98.8% of children told that they suffer from trauma due to drone attack sounds around them (Thabet & Thabet, 2015). This allows understanding of the severity of war zones and its negative impact in children who often pay the consequence of decisions that are not theirs. Therefore, the resilience of children decreases as these disastrous events take place in these countries due to collateral or direct effects. In this regard, the various warlike conflicts around the world have been caused a decrease in the resilience capability in children that belong to war zone. This has created the necessity of giving certain advice and educational orientations to kids with the objective that they are encouraged to go ahead with their lives and that they never give up. A stronger familiar network can help to overcome a horrific war situation for a child due to being together can help each other. When members of a family are worried about the welfare of each one, extraordinary ideas may arise with the objective to endure the conflict outside of their home. Thus, the experience of Oscar Torres during the 80’s in Salvador during the civil war in which military began to recruit children to fight in the war is an
example of survival and resilient behavior. According to Torres, in an interview he says that when started the civil war in Salvador “It changed everything we knew. It changed the fact that we could play, you know, after sundown outside. And it changed the fact that we had to do our homework laying down on the floor on our tummies because there was shooting going on top of us, but we still had to do homework. And we [He and his the youngest siblings] had to eat, so we ate on the floor” (Mann, 2005). This cruel fact show the capability that Oscar Torres, his siblings and his mother were together and created a safe place to do the homework and at the same time not die because of a bullet. The survival activity of this family increased the resilience not only in this little kid of 12 years old, but also in his siblings that were able to put aside the fear. In addition to the familiar comforting activities, teaching and advising to a child that is more resilient than others in a war zone about how he can help to others in worse situations is really important. The researchers of article called “Trauma, PTSD, Anxiety, and Resilience in Palestinian Children in the Gaza Strip” found that “Total resilience in children, personal skills, peer component, and social skills, contextual components that facilitate a sense of belonging [with your country] were more in of girls [and] total resilience and contextual components were more in children living in a camps and a village than in a city” (Thabet & Thabet, 2015). This means that each child exhibits a different decrease in the capability of resilience to face war episodes, despite encountering deadly situations such as mutilations or burned people in your surroundings. In this sense, the girls could learn some communication and organizational activities according with their age and they can help to caregivers inside the shelters. Additionally, the children from camp could improve their learning about agriculture
and cattle raising with the objective to feed children that have suffered absolute losses. This can be a symbiotic relationship between children in which the strongest helps the weakest. Additionally to the relation between children and their boost in mutual resilience, the self-care that each child must have to face the bad consequences of a war zone depends in part of their survival instinct and educational orientation. Children have to protect themselves from a missile or bomb impact as much as possible, unfortunately they have to survive in inhospitable places and suffer the food reduction too. This is also called self-care that implies effectively and quickly decisions for supporting the devastating consequences in these countries. In an ideal state, somebody can think about refuge in another country as a solution, but the reality is completely different and as it is known that all decisions depends on economic and political interests. In this sense, parents or caregivers of children should focus on improving the resilience inside of war zones and trying to give suggestions that allow children to survive. Jamila, a grandmother on Syria’s Border told her discouraging experience “[during the Syria conflict] No-one could come into our village with supplies and no civilians could escape, either. My grandson, in those four days underground, ate only half a piece of bread and drank only two glasses of water. Then everything ran out� (Martlew, 2013). This is a harder example of how to be resilient in a war zone because an elderly person did not leave her grandson gives up, and only died of hunger. Since her experience, children who are subjected to such a dangerous environment can learn to partition the food that is scarce. Then, children will learn to optimize the available resources with hope of living. Following with the same idea, experiences that families and their offspring in war zones have lived can serves as guide to others kids that are suffering and needing to make quick decisions. In addition to the educational orientation from exogenous experiences, there is also the raising dignity of children which is caused by the existence of survivors of war.
According to the experience of a Syrian woman, during the war in this zone particularly in fire line where the bullet crossing can end your life, she and her kids at the end of winter they went to the top of their shelter and collected snow. Then, they used snow for melting and drinking some water for them to hydrate (Martlew, 2013). This was thanks to their survival instinct, and could be a lesson for orphans that have to care of others younger orphans and of themselves. Often, the oldest orphans must assume the role of the parents thereby they should have the tools which allow them and others to face the disastrous situation of the war zones. These initiatives become strategic learning environments that serve children because promote leadership by part of them in situations of high risk, and improve their resilience. Although, the resilience field is a hard topic of study there are certain gaps in researches which do not take in count the abysmal difference between cases of increase and decrease of this capacity in children during events that occur in war zones. This has become a big problem. From a personal perspective, many articles about the field of resilience make reference in a much too general manner to how increase the resilience in children. Also, the authors of these articles treat adverse moments of children as if these adversities had the same causes, which is not true and thereby must have different treatment. For example, according to the article published by American Psychological Association “Change often can be scary for children and teens [thereby] child see that change is part of life and new goals can replace goals that have become unattainable� (Alvord, Gurwitch, & Palomares, n.d.). In this sense, you can say to a child that the change of basic school to high school is normal and that everything will be good, but definitely you cannot say to a child that the war is part of your life because a war conflict only happens and does not give you the option to choose. In another resource, the author argues through results obtained in the intervention programs for boost resilience in children that
“Psychological treatment of young children exposed to traumatic events is usually based in attachment therapy and involves a parent. [Also, this] is important to reestablish a daily routine in a safe environment, even if pre-trauma conditions cannot be fully restored” (Masten, 2013). In this sense, this current research has to precise about that in a war zone orphan children are thousands because their parents die. In the same sense, nobody can return to daily routine in the middle of bullets and bombs. Overall, the argument given in the article published by American Psychological Association is oversimplification because different scenarios require different approaches. In this sense, treatment for boosting resilience in children cannot be the same for one kid that is suffering bullying in your school as for another child who is suffering the devastating consequences of war zone. In the first case, the resilience of kid can increase with support of psychologist and advices from parents. This would make the bullying situation more bearable for this kid. In the second case, the child will not only have to face psychological problems that can be supported with “comfortable words” from your parents. Also, this child could have witnessed the death of your family, or even worst the kid could have suffered physical damage to parts of your body. In another aspect in the Masten’s article, the intervention program to increase resilience in children contemplates the presence of parents as part of the treatment, but what happen with orphans because of war? In addition, psychologists cannot say to children that be more resilient and only keep going with their daily life because everything in their surroundings is terrific. This is incoherent because the whole life of these children has not only changed but is in danger. In other words, no one can explain to a child why he is suffering the traumas of a war that he has not promoted and just say to him everything will be better.
In order to sum up, the hostility of war zones due to bombing, missiles, drones sounds are causing a decrease in resilience in children who are the objective of current study. The economic investment in war is over social interest and it is when the least advantaged suffer the consequences of scarcity of food and water. In this situation, the care by part of family to a child is essential because family members can keep child focused on other activities like a game or doing the homework instead of concentrating on crossing bullets outside the house. Moreover, there are always children who are stronger than others in the sense that they are less mentally or physically affected so they can carry out jobs in order to help the weakest. In the last aspect, survivors from others war zones have created options and used their last resources to stay alive. These inventions can help to children and orphans in other countries such as Mosul and Iraq that are currently in war to make quickly and effective decisions and to survive. In this sense, the ability to endure these mental and physical consequences that the war leaves in children and their families is called resilience which has decreased with each violent event. However all of these real experiences quoted before, serves as advices and educational orientation for boosting the resilience in children that are passing horrible and fearful events during an armed conflict. It also serves as model to be followed by helpless children because of war. Finally, the scope of this research is to mitigate a little bit the negative effects in the children’s resilience that the war has caused in their childhood.
References Alvord,M.K., Gurwitch,R., & Palomares,R.S. American Psychological Association: Resilience guide for parents & teachers. Washington, EU. Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/resilience.aspx Mann, I. (2005, October 18).'Innocent voices': Reliving El Salvador's civil war. National Public Radio. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4964460 Martlew, N. (2013). Hunger in a war zone: The growing crisis behind the Syria conflict. Save the children. Retrieved December 02, 2016, from http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/resources/online-library/hunger-war-zone Masten, A. 2013. How can we boost resilience in children? Institute of child development, University of Minnesota, USA. Retrieved from http://www.childencyclopedia.com/resilience/introduction/how-can-we-boost-resilience-children Thabet, A., & Thabet, S. (2015). Trauma, PTSD, anxiety, and resilience in Palestinian children in the Gaza strip. British journal of education, society & behavioural science.
Figure 1Learning the new English vocabulary with Daniel B.
Figure 2 Exploring new fields related with our major
Figure 3 Enjoying the classes taught by ourselves.
Figure 4 The importance of English in our major
Figure 5 Never give up!