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A Activists (activiști-aktywiści/działacze-Eylemciler) - people who constantly make efforts to promote, impede, direct, or intervene in social, political, economic, or environmental reform with the desire to make changes in society. Air pollution (poluarea aerului-zanieczyszczenie powietrza- Hava Kirliliği) - The presence of contaminants or pollutants substances in the air that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects.
Alternative source of energy (sursă alternativă de energie-alternatywne źródło energii- Alternatif Enerji kaynağı) - Energy from a source other than the conventional fossil-fuel sources of oil, natural gas and coal (i.e. wind, running water, the sun). Animal extinction (dispariția animalelor- wymarcie zwierząt- Hayvan yok oluşu) - is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of
the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Atomic power station (centrală atomică- elektrownia atomowa- Atom güç İstasyonu) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As it is typical of thermal power stations, heat is used to generate steam that drives a steam turbine connected to a generator that produces electricity.
B Biodegradable (biodegradabil- ulegający rozkładowi biologicznemu-Geri dönüşümlü) Used to describe the properties of items that will naturally decompose if left in exposed outdoor environments. Biodiversity
(biodiversitate-
zróżnicowanie
biologiczne-
Biyoçeşitlilik)
-
The
propensity in ecosystems (when untouched) to have a vast variety of plant, animal and other living species. Biodiversity encompasses habitat diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity.
C Carbon emissions (emisii de carbon- emisja dwutlenku węgla-Karbon salınımı) Emissions to the atmosphere principally from the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases trap more of the earth’s heat leading to the phenomenon known as global warming
Climate change (schimbări climaterice-zmiana klimatyczna- İklim değişikliği) - changes in Earth's climate system result in new weather patterns that last for at least a few decades, and maybe for millions of years. Chemical waste (deșeuri chimice- wysypisko chemiczne- Kimyasal atık) - is a waste that is made from harmful chemicals (mostly produced by large factories). A chemical hazardous waste is a solid, liquid, or gaseous material that displays either a “Hazardous Characteristic” or is specifically “listed” by name as a hazardous waste. There are four characteristics chemical wastes may have to be considered as hazardous: Ignitability, Corrosivity, Reactivity and Toxicity.
Conservation (conservare- ochrona- Koruma) - The practice of resource management that seeks to balance the resource’s consumption or utilization between natural and human needs.
Contamination (contaminare-skażenie- Bulaşma) - Introduction to water, air and soil micro
organisms,
chemicals,
toxic
substances,
wastes
or
wastewater
in
a
concentration that makes the medium unfit for its next intended use.
D Decay (degradare-rozkładać się- Çürüme) - To deteriorate, to get worse, to lose strength or health, to decline in quality. Deforestation (defrișare-wycinka lasów- orman açma) - The complete destruction and total clearing of all forests within a region. Destruction (distrugere-niszczenie- imha) - The act of destroying. The results of a destructive event. To damage beyond use or repair. Dump (groapă de gunoi-wysypisko- çöplük) - generally refers to a place for disposal of domestic waste.
E Eco farming (agricultură eco-rolnictwo ekologiczne- eko tarım) - is an alternative agricultural system defined by the use of fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. Eco fashion (modă eco- moda eko- (ekologiczna)- eko moda) - is a movement and process of fostering change to fashion products and the fashion system towards greater ecological integrity and social justice. Sustainable fashion concerns more than addressing fashion textiles or products. Eco freak (fanatic eco-fan ekologii- fanatik çevreci) - A person with a passion for protecting the natural environment; an ecological activist.
Eco friendly (grijuliu cu mediul-przyjazny dla środowiska- çevre dostu) - Generally practices or products that have a small impact on the earth’s resources. Eco labels (etichete eco-ekoetykieta- eko etiketler) - are labeling systems for food and consumer products. They are a form of sustainability measurement directed at consumers, intended to make it easy to take environmental concerns into account when shopping.
Ecologist (ecologist-ekolog- ekolojist) - A scientist who studies the interrelationships of living things to one another and their environment. Ecology (ecologie-ekologia- ekoloji) - The study of the interrelationships between living organisms and their environment. Ecosystem (ecosistem- ekosystem- Ekosistem) - A group of living organisms that, along with their abiotic environment (e.g. air, water, rocks), interact with each other over a period of time. Energy from the sun is used to feed this web of life. Eco terrorism (terorism eco- terroryzm ekologiczny- eko terorizm) - is an act of violence committed in support of ecological or environmental causes, against people or property.
Eco tourism (eco-turism-turystyka ekologiczna- eko turizm) - Travel that entails destinations where natural and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Typically including environmental awareness aspects of the locale. Eco warrior (luptător eco-działacz na rzecz ruchu ekologicznego- eko savaşçısı) refer to an environmental activist. Endangered species (specii pe cale de dispariție-zagrożone gatunki- nesli tükenmekte olan türler) - Describes a species threatened with immediate extinction throughout all or most of its range owing to the actions of people.
Exhaust fumes (gaze de eșapament-spaliny- egsoz gazları) - is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline, petrol, biodiesel blends, diesel fuel, fuel oil, or coal. According to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue gas stack, or propelling nozzle. It often disperses downwind in a pattern called an exhaust plume. Endemic (endemic- endemiczny- yöresel) - is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other
defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
F Fertilizer (fertilizator-nawozy sztuczne- gĂźbre) - is any material of natural or synthetic origin (other than liming materials) that is applied to soils or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. Fossil fuels (combustibili fosili-paliwa kopalne- fosil yakÄątlar) - Used to define a wide range of fuels derived from geologic extraction. Oil, Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Gas, etc.
G Global warming (încălzire globală-globalne ocieplenie- küresel ısınma) - Refers to the increase in average temperatures the earth has experienced since the mid-twentieth century.
Greenhouse effect (efect de seră-efekt cieplarniany- sera etkisi) - The warming of earth’s atmosphere as a result of atmospheric pollution by gases. It is now feared that the warming effects are being undesirably increased by humans, causing climate changes and melting polar icecaps.
I Industrial waste (deșeuri industriale-odpady przemysłowe- endüstriyel atık) - The manufacture of nearly everything produces waste, some of it hazardous waste, and some of it merely taking up space and polluting the environment-everything from scrap metal to water tainted with chemicals. In the United States alone, we generate nearly eight billion tons of industrial waste every year; the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports that 97 percent of that is in wastewaters. Efforts to reduce this number involve diverting materials for reuse and recycling, and creating more efficient manufacturing methods that reduce the waste generated
L Lead (plumb-ołów- kurşun) - harmful to the environment used in a lot of paints. It’s also toxic to humans.
Litter (gunoi-śmieci- çÜp) - consists of waste products that have been disposed of improperly, without consent, at an undesirable location. Litter can also be used as a verb. To litter means to drop and leave objects, often man-made, such as aluminum cans, cardboard boxes or plastic bottles on the ground and leave them there indefinitely or for others to dispose of as opposed to disposing of them properly.
M Manure (bălegar-naturalny nawĂłz- organik gĂźbre) - is organic matter, mostly derived from animal feces except in the case of green manure, which can be used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. Manures contribute to the fertility of the soil by adding organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen, that are utilised by bacteria, fungi and other organisms in the soil. Higher organisms then feed on the fungi and bacteria in a chain of life that comprises the soil food web.
N Natural habitat (habitat natural-środowisko naturalne- doğal yaşam alanı) - the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives. It is characterized by both physical and biological features. A species' habitat is those places where it can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction. Natural resources (resurse naturale-zasoby naturalne- doğal kaynaklar) - are resources that exist without actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, electrical properties and forces etc. On Earth it includes sunlight, atmosphere, water, land (includes all minerals) along with all vegetation, crops and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances. Non
renewable
energy
(energie
non
regenerabilă-
energia
nieodnawialna-
yenilenemeyen enerji) - Resources that are in limited supply, such as oil, coal, and natural gas.
O Organic (organic-organiczny- organik) - Certified Organic Products have been raised or grown without the use of harmful toxic pesticides, insectisides, herbiciedes , hormones, fertilizers. No articifical colors or flavors have been added.
Overpopulation (suprapopulare-przeludnienie- aşırı nüfus) - occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.
Ozone hole (gaură în stratul de ozon-dziura ozonowa- ozon deliği) - A thinning break in the ozone layer. Seasonal ozone holes have been observed over the Antarctic and arctic regions, part of Canada, and the extreme north eastern United States.
P Pesticides (pesticide-środki owadobójcze-tarım ilacı) - These potent chemicals a major reason we wash our vegetables well before eating them-and an argument for buying organic. A pesticide is any product meant to repel, discourage, or kill pestsincluding insects but also rodents, fungi, weeds, bacteria, and microorganisms.
Pesticides can take the form of bug spray, weed killer (sometimes called herbicide), and even bathroom sanitizer. Many chemical pesticides are toxic pollutants and can carry health risks if inhaled or ingested; biologically based pesticides can be safer choices, but aren’t always. Other, more reliably safe alternatives include the use of companion plantings in the garden and physical rodent traps indoors.
PET (Polietilenă tereftalat-Politereftalan etylenu-Polietilen tereftalat) - Polyethylene terephthalate #1 – a resin of the polyester family used for beverage, food and other liquid containers for its thermoforming, lightweight and semi-rigid to rigid capability. Pollution (poluare-zanieczyszczenie- kirlilik) - is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Purification (purificare-uzdatnianie- arıtma) - is the process of rendering something pure, i.e. clean of foreign elements and/or pollution.
R Radioactive decay (radioactivitate-radioaktywny- radyoaktif bozunma) - is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, or a gamma ray or electron in the case of internal conversion. A material containing such unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Rainforest
(pădure
tropicală-las
tropikalny-
yağmur
ormanı)
–
is
a
forest
characterized by high rainfall, with annual rainfall in the case of tropical rainforests between 250 and 450 centimetres (98 and 177 in), and definitions varying by region for temperate rainforests. Renewable energy (energie regenerabilă-energia odnawialna- yenilenebilir enerji) alternative energy sources such as wind power or solar energy that can keep producing energy indefinitely without being used up. Recycling (reciclare-recykling; przetwarzanie odpadów- geri dönüşüm) - The process of collecting, sorting, cleaning, treating and reusing materials that would otherwise go into landfills.
S Sewage (canalizare- ścieki- kanalizasyon) - is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people. It consists mostly of greywater (from sinks, tubs, showers, dishwashers, and clothes washers), blackwater (the water used to flush toilets, combined with the human waste that it flushes away); soaps and detergents; and toilet paper (less so in regions where bidets are widely used instead of paper). Smog (smog-smog- dumanlı sis) - It’s that dirty brown haze that hangs over a city on a hot summer day. The word originated from a contraction of smoke and fog, but the ugly stuff consists mostly of ground-level ozone, which is formed when oxides of nitrogen (NOx) mix with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air. Heavy motorvehicle traffic, industrial emissions, and the use of chemical solvents release the offending substances into the air; hot, sunny weather facilitates the chemical reaction that creates ozone. Smog can lead to lung irritation, asthma, emphysema, and other health problems.
Solar power (energie solară-energia słoneczna- güneş enerjisi) - Energy derived from the sun. The solar panels that most of us associate with solar energy are called photovoltaic panels; they transform the sun’s rays into usable electricity. Solar thermal processes can be used to heat our hot water.
Species (specii-gatunek- türler) - is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertileoffspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Sustainable (sustenabil-trwały) - Long term durability that does not undermine social or environmental systems of Support.
U Urban sprawl (aglomerările urbane-szybkie rozrastanie się miast- kentsel yayılma) refers to the unrestricted growth in many urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning.
W Water contamination (contaminarea apei-skażenie wody- su kirliliği) - is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into the natural environment. For example, releasing inadequately treated wastewater into natural water bodies can lead to degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Wildfire (foc de vegetație-niekontrolowany ogień- söndürülmesi zor yangın) - is an uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible vegetation occurring in rural areas. Depending on the type of vegetation present, a wildfire can also be classified more
specifically as a brush fire, bushfire, desert fire, forest fire, grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, vegetation fire, or veld fire. Wildlife (sălbăticie-fauna i flora- yaban hayatı) - Describes all native, nondomesticated animals and plants living in the wild.
Wind farm (câmp eolian-farma wiatrowa- rüzgâr çiftliği) - is a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines and cover an extended area of hundreds of square miles, but the land between the turbines may be used for agricultural or other purposes. Wind power plant (centrală eoliană-elektrownia wiatrowa- rüzgâr enerjisi santrali ) is the use of air flow through wind turbines to provide the mechanical power to turn electric generators and traditionally to do other work, like milling or pumping. Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, consumes no water, and uses little land.