Historic preservation

Historic Preservation indepedent study | phebe h tam

Table of Content

00

Introduction

01

Glossary

02

Readings and Lectures

03

Standards and Authorities

04

Prince Gilbert Memorial Library

05

Discussion and Reflection

Introduction

The desire of learning what role the architecture from the past influences the unpredictable future brings me to the study of Historic Preservation.

Architecture education provides two full semester of Architecture in History which spending the first semester covering significant Ancient Architecture around the world, or mostly the Europe Architecture and the second semester on contemporary Architecture from Europe and America. Where does Historic Preservation fits? Does it belongs to the History in the book or does it belong to the work and studies of Archaeologist?

The very basic question would be: “What is Historic Preservation?”

The original establishment of preservation is from the sustainability stand point. As architectures, the building will live up to a point where the cost to keeping itself up is too costly. However, is that the framework of Historic Preservation?

According to National Park Service their definition of Preservation is: “Preservation is portant, figuring passing along an saved to the next hands on.”

about deciding what’s imout how to protect it, and appreciation for what was generation. Preservation is

This little document is my hands on experience in the course of Historic Preservation, a record of knowledge and observations accumulated in this semester.

Glossary

Bundle of Wire

A conceptual term describing the building. Numerous elements and memories are connected to the building and shape the building to its current states. The treads within this bundle of wire are the character defining features.

Character Defining Features

Character defining features (CDF) is the fundamental element of the study of Historic Preservation. They are the treads of the bundle of wire which woven the building together. CDF can be both physical and non-physical materials, documented in different kinds of media, range from paper documentations to oral interviews.

Documentation

The other important element of Historic Preservation. Documentation can be in different format, or medium. It serves as a communication between the building and the people contributed to the history of the building.

Informed intuition

Unlike intuition by itself, informed intuition value the fact of being informed. The study and practice of Historic Preservation involves a heart of curiosity and enthusiasm to uncover a wide range of cross discipline knowledge and information. It is the belief of Historic Preservation that, the more you are informed, the more honest language you can utilize to communicate the design decision.

Language

In Architecture education, we are taught to develop our own language to communicate our design.

It is not only the technical terms for building construction, but a language capable to communicate the abstract concept of the design. In Historic Preservation, an extra layer of language needs to be developed to communicate the time, history and memory of the existing building structure.

Tension

Historic Preservation is a process of dealing with many treads extended from the building itself. It is a task of the architect to understand the treads and deal with the tension among them. Being able to communicate the treads of the building is being able to honestly reflect the history, memory and at the same time satisfy new program, budget and new language of the building that wish to be communicated to the future.

Time

Time is not infinity under the man made world.

For historic preservation, it is not only about the “history”, in another word, it is not only about the history. Time has a property of fluid; it contributes in the evolution of both physical and non-physical collective memory of human race.

It is important to have informed intuition in the clarity of time. The whole idea is to be honest with the history, so the “complete thought” of a building is being able to be honestly passed to the future generation.

Treatment

Treatments are not a black or white solution to a problem, but a thoughtful, well documented action to treat unique design situation.

Period of Significant

From the view of Historic Preservation, we are concerned about the period of time to be studied because the architecture’s complexity in terms of time and the involvement of many people. An architectural structure can stand long enough which might experience many events and different users. By choosing a period of significant means a particular frame of time is studied because it is involved with a significant event, people or architectural quality.

Value

Value defines what the subject is being dealt with. Value also influences ones definition to the priority of relationships when dealing with the tread of the building. And what shapes one’s value is Informed intuition.

Readings and Lectures

Introduction

Informed intuition is a term I first heard in this class. This concept may not be new, as we make the majority of our daily decision based on our intuition. However, informed intuition is different and it plays a significant role in studying Historic Preservation. Being informed is the action of accumulating knowledge. In order to find my position in Historic Preservation, I began the exploration of the knowledge and insight from precursor in different time period.

Values

Informed

Intuition

1.

The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Essence and Its Development Alois Riegl

“...everything that once was can never be again, and that everything that once was form an irreplaceable and inextricable link in a chain of development.�

Alois Riegl is considered to be the precursor of preservation, because he brought up the discussion of value while the majority of the people in the society still giving superficial definition to monument. He realized that monuments are limited to the value of history or art. In order to define the monument, it is necessary to understand the clarity of time, the development through time. He further developed five main values: Age Value

Historic Value

Favor the nature force of decay / influence

The original form as work of man

Against any man -made preservation Against any human intervention

Preservation on original documentation Provide interpretation and understanding for future restoration

Use Value Condition satisfy human usage The value of the human footprint, human activity co-exist

Deliberate Commemorative Value

Keep monument perpetually alive, consciousness of future generation Against the destructive intervention of the hand of man

Newness Value Always the art value of the majority Do not accept the destructive of the natural force It is a promotion of style unity

3.

The Shape of Time George Kunler

Desire

Value

Purpose Idea

Object (the desig

Creater

Social Economics

Political Reason

External Influence

Prime Object

=

R

“... existence without meaning seems terrible in the same degree as meaning without exitence seems trivial.”

Past

Concept of Time and Attitude influences

Invention

gn)

Replica

Future

+

Time

Replication

Discard

Retention

3.

The Seven Lamps of Architecture John Ruskin {Memory}

“We have no right whatever to touch them”

Ruskin has a great respect to building in the past.

He believes those buildings provided profits in our knowledge, gave strength to present extension and patience to the present endurance. Buildings are not built in the hope of leaving, and Ruskin said the builders are intended to build building last forever. Ruskin on one hand reminded builders to build with material that is not perishable; on the other hand he believes the mental characteristic is a higher order than the form or physical being of the building.

Ruskin believes the value and the honorable character of a building increase as time passes (5 centuries or more is the best). He is very rejected to the notion of restoration, as he metaphor the building as the dead and which we cannot raise the dead, similar fashion to the condition of a building, Ruskin believes we cannot restore the building.

“We have no right whatever to touch them” He strongly stated.

4.

OMA: CRONOCAOS Rem Koolhaas

‘As the scale and importance of preservation escalates each year, the absence of a theory and the lack of interest invested in this seemingly remote domain becomes dangerous. after thinkers like ruskin and viollet-le-duc, the arrogance of the modernists made the preservationist look like a futile, irrelevant figure. postmodernism, in spite of its lip service to the past, did no better.’

Rem Koolhaas has an awareness of the importance of the act of preservation does to the architecture industry. He sees the trend of the universal phenomena of preserving building while he believes, the industry have no clear mind what historical preservation is or what preserving is, in definition ( one of his building stamped as preserved building after 3 years).

Koolhaas’s other office, AMO gave a new definition: not what to keep, but what to give up, what to erase and abandon. It calls forth and aims to distill what exactly, as a society, we should consider of cultural significance, at the same time paving ground to reveal a liberated slate under the thinning crust of our civilization.

The Historic Preservation Standard and Authorities

Introduction

Different region of the world has different responses to historical relics. They have different definition to historical site, landscape, architectures and relics. The International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) plays an advisory role to different regions to establish their own preservation standards and guidelines. Each region provided with different historic background, cultural and political system, the approach to preservation is different from another.

United States

In the United States, Historic Preservation is contributed by both governmental agencies and non-profit organizations. Under the Antiquities Act of 1905, six federal agencies in four departments manage the 113 current U.S. National Monuments.

The other historical forms are preserved under the help of The Technical Preservation Service of the National Park Services. According to the mission statement of the Technical Preservation Service: Technical Preservation Services develops historic preservation policy and guidance on preserving and rehabilitating historic buildings, administers the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives Program for rehabilitating historic buildings, and sets the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

The Standard provided by the Service does not intend to be a technical nor perspective, but are intended to promote responsible preservation practice. The Standards provides four approaches and for professionals or general public to understand how to approach a historical preservation project.

1 Wikipedia contributors. “List of National Monuments of the United States.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 2 Mar. 2015. Web. 22 Mar. 2015. http://www.nps.gov/tps/about.htm

NGO

International Standards and Guidelines

ICOMOS

International+National Modern Buildings

DOCOMOMO

National Historic Preservation Act of 1966

State Stewardship Law National (All Historic Buildings)

NHTP

State (All Historic Buildins )

GA TURST

Specific Site|Specific Building

Ladies of Mt. Vernon

State Building Resgistry

Government

President Council on Historic Preservation

Department of Interier

National Park Service

Historic Presercation Technical Service

Executive Federal Library of Congress

Heritage Documentation Programs Historic American Building Survey

Georgia State

Georgia Department of Natural Resources Environment

Historic American Engineering Record

State Historic Preservation Office

Park

Historic Distric

Zoning

Historic Building

Guideline

Historic Distric

Zoning

Historic Building

Guideline

Country

City

Historic American Landscape Survey

China

The Historic Preservation of China traced back to 1950s, the Civil War Period in China. It was the very first time the newly formed Central government declared instruction to the protection of monuments and relics. Their major treatment to Historic Preservation was to preserve the original appearance of the subject. Before the Cultural Revolution in 1966, the State Council defined the three major values of Preservation: Historical Value, Artistic Value and Scientific Value. As time evolved, there is an increase in tension of Historic Preservation and modern development. The government put a lot of effort in updating Monument declaration List and also adding specific preservation criteria on preserving buildings. The Principle preserving historic architecture emphasized on the architectural significant, material, style, and documentation.

The Chinese government worked independently setting up all the preservation principles until 2000, as the government became more open, they began the co-operation with ICOMOS to establish The Principle for the Conservation and Restoration of Monument and Sites.

张复合, 建筑史论文集(第17辑), 清华大学出版社有限公司

NGO

ICOMOS Law of People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relic

The Principle for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites

Movable Relics

Valuable Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3

Non-Movable Re

Orginary

Government

State Council of the People's Republic of China

Ministry of Culture

China Cultural Heritage Information and Consulting Center

State Administration of Cultural Heritage

elics

Regional Municipal Cultural Relics Administration Commission

China Ministry of Culture Service Center

China Cultural Relics Exchange Center

Beijing Lu Xun Museum

Underwater Relic Preotection Center

China Cultural Relics News

Major Historical and Cultural Site

National Historical and Cultural City

Department of Planning

Departmant of Housing and Land

Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage

Cultural Relics Press

World Heritage

Hong Kong

Hong Kong is a land full of tension; the tension between old and new, Eastern and Western culture.

Identity and heritage is not frequently brought up while under the colonial rule. The colonial government adopted a restrictive definition of heritage as monument which does not included vernacular buildings or historic districts. Before 2000, Hong Kong’s Antiquities and Monuments Offices (HKAMO) moved from one department to another. First from the Urban Service, then Broadcasting, Sport and Culture, next Home Affairs and currently stations under the Leisure and Cultural Service.

Despite the raising awareness of identity and Hong Kong Heritage, with the environmental impact assessment (EIA) and active urban renewal, the power of HKAMO is still questionable. From the Chart 3, we can see the relationship of the AMO and AAB which plays advisory role in preservation to the action group, the Commissioner for Heritage’s Office. Yet this Commissioner for Heritage’s Office is under the authority of the Development Bureau controlled by the Financial Secretary.

Aside the questionable authorities AMO and AAB contributed in decision making of the Preservation Project, they are groups of professionals who assign grading to buildings in Hong Kong. They considered six criteria: historic interest, architectural merit, group value, social value and local interest, authenticity and rarity. As a result there are two groups, one is declared monuments and the other is graded historic buildings.

Cody, J. (2002). Heritage As Hologram: Hong Kong After Change in Sovereignty 1997-2001. In The disappearing “Asian” city: Protecting Asia’s urban heritage in a globalizing world (pp. 191-207). Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.

NGO

Chief Secretary Administratio International+Local Modern Buildings

HKDOCOMOMO

Home Affairs Bu

Leisure and Cult Services Depart

Antiquities a Monuments Offi

Antiquities and Monuments Office Keep record of historic buildings & monuments Promote awareness of heritage conservation Archaeological excavation

An

Gra

Advis Autho ters uitie

Decl Monu

Government

Chief Executive

$

for on

Financial Secretary

ureau

Secretary for Development (Antiquity Authority) Development Bureau

of

tural tment

Declaration of monuments

and ice

The Commissioner for Heritage’s Office Protect

ntiquities Advisory Board

ading of buildings

se the Antiquities ority on any matrelaing to antiqes and monumnets

lared ument

Graded Historic Building

Conserve

Revitalise

?

Price Gilbert Memorial Library

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to experience the research portion of a Historic Preservation Project.

Documentation is the fundamental process of this study, it is not only discovering documentations about the target building, but also identify the significant subjects and produce a collective documentation. The process is like weaving, but it does not start from nothing, rather, I need to find out the treads, observe and understand the pattern (information) and continue the weaving process, produce a fabric with harmonious pattern.

The first part is to piece together the memory of the building. The memory of the building ranged from the historic background of the building, the people involved and the physical building process.

The Price Gilbert Memorial Library is an academic building of a Public University; the building is well documented in the Archive of the Library. Different medium of documents are stored, ranged from newsprints, journals, letters and sketches. Folders are created to group resources under different topics. Two main categories are defined, one is resources mainly about the people contributed to the building and the other is about the building.

The second part is the physical present in the building. After the understanding of the time-line of the Library and some design process of the Library, a deeper study followed: finding the Character Defining Features (CDF) of the Library. They are the elements given meaning by the designer and define the concept of the architecture, which makes the finished building a complete thought. Nothing is better than experiencing the building by touching the material and walking through the spaces.

This part is to observe and document the changes of the physical elements and program usage in the building. Documents produced in this part are the continuation of the treads of the building.

Character Defining Features

West Side Bridge Current Main Entrance, Rotunda

South Entrance

Prince Gilbert Jr. Fountain

Light Fixtures Ceiling Element

Floor Element Furnitures

Wall Element

North Curtain Wall

Character Defining Feature Call-out Diagram

Rotunda 1968-Present

This was constructed when the Crosland Tower was built, in order to serve as the main entrance for both the main library building and the Corsland Towner.The glass curtain wall of the rotunda was intended to echo Hefferman’s glass curtain wall.

South Facade 1953

The design of the rotunda curtain wall claims to echo the North facade glass pattern, despite its deviation of the building box geometry.

South Facade 2015

West side Bridge 1953-2011

The original concept of this pathways is to allow students walk from the classrooms in the adjacent Skiles building to the Library.

Drawing 1953

View of library from first floor Skiles around evening time.

1953

Original West Entrance 1953

Present day West elevation view 2015

View of library from first floor.

2015

Price Gilbert, Jr. Fountain 1975-2010

Price Gilbert’s Jr. funded this $71,000 project in memorial of his father. Designed by campus landscape architect, Paul J. Vander Horst, this fountain-plaza was intended to be a “social center”

Ariel view of the fountain.

1970

Student ski 1970

on the frozen fountain.

Library Plaza in the early 2000s 2007

Sculpture in current state.

2015

South Entrance 1953-1968

The original main entrance of the Library, connecting to the bridge to the classroom building. It locates in thoughtful design as the immediate program behind the entrance is the Exhibition area.

Original Library Name 2015

The Original Library Name installation drew mark still remains.

Original West Main Entrance.

1953

Present day same location, entrance eliminated, bike racks installed.

2015

Floor Reading Area

Similar grid system as the ceiling plan: Armstrong Cork Tile (12” x12”), capable to cut noise by 55%

Stack Area

Asphait Tile are used to offer protective surface in the stack area

Exhibition Area

Light Pink Chips, “ Pick Tennessee” Tiles are used to dignifies the space.

Reading Area with Armstrong Cork Tile

Exhibition Area with colored tiles

Stack Area with Asphalt Tile

Ceiling Plan Plan Grid

In 1 foot grid plan

Acoustic Material

1 foot Acoustic tiles that aimed to cut noise by 55%

Original ceiling tiles details

Renovation of the first and second floor in 2007 broke the original grid dimension. Different acoustic panels are used and different light fixture orientation was applied.

Only the third and forth floor ceiling remain with the original tiles

Light Fixtures Main Space

Recessed in the ceiling and screened with plastic louvers 8 ft long fluorescent tubular lamps of 69 W/ 3950 lm

Reading Rooms

Fluorescent recessed troffers Double: 45 f.c. | Single: 60 f.c.

Stack

Slim-line, surface mounted fluorescent fixtures of 28 f.c.

Lending department and card index system. Fluorescent lamps in recessed reflectors panes of diffusing plastic

Lighting between book cases. The surface-mounted florescent lamps above the passages are screened with transverse lovers; illumination 280 lux.

Ground plan of first floor with exhibition and reading room, installed luminous flux, 1,100 lm/m^2 of floor surface; illumination 450 lux (40 f.c.)

Light Level are maintained at a high 60 foot candles in special reading rooms, 45 foot candles in two story reading area, 28 foot candle in stack.

The original lighting expressed the architectural elegant with the building as a whole.

Noticeable modification in the lower floor lighting system, deviated from the original grid system and the signature lighting design.

Furnitures Reading Tables Study Tables

Natural birch furniture in contemporary style Light colored, to avoid dark absorbing color that would contrast the natural light

Chairs

Keeping library bright and cheerful, Library chairs with leather back in eight colors: Sulfur, Persimmon, Federal , sea, Pine, Morocco, White Ivory and Midnight

Stack

Stacks are in Silver Birch (light gray), a restful variation from the usual institutional colors (traditional is dark color)

Compared to old library traditional and dark bookshelves

Color photo showing the colorful leather back chairs and light tone tables and bookshelves

Wall Main Stair wall

Glazed green(PermaChrome) tile by Claycraft (same co. that produce the exterior brick)--Departure from institutional pattern

Science and Technology Reading Room

Royal Violet Burlap represents the excited freshman

General Studies

Cinnamon Rad Burlap as the color for students in need of stimulation Byantine and Harlequine Blue are chosen for harried researcher in purcuit of serenity

The locked main stair wall remain with the original Glazed green tile.

The original Royal Violet Burlap on first and second floor representing the excited freshmen.

Northern Glass Curtain Wall The original design concept is to “brings the outside inside� as described in the dedication brochure.

When the north curtain wall was replaced in 1991 the new mullion pattern was designed to generally match the original (minus a narrow, vertical secondary mullion) and the color and reflective quality of the glass.

The original North facade showing The original North facade showing adminor mullion system. aptation to solar concern.

The North facade after major renovation in 1991, in which minor mullion system was removed and clear glass was replaced with coated glass.

1’ x 1’ syst

South Facade

Cei acou ti

Original Entrance

Glass Mullion Pattern

Harv

Brick

Harold Bush Brown Prince Gilbert Jr. Native Georgian

James H. Gailey Foutain Plaza

Social Center

Lawer

Politican Stone Sulpture

Growing Student Body

North Glass Curtain Wall

Secondary mullion removed

Bring the outseide inside

Increaseing storage of Books

Growing Feild of Studies

Timin Bug Appr

Original glass replaced

Bridge

Finan Contri

Connection

Cushio Sound

1953-2011

Dignifies Space

Light Pink Chips

’ grid tem

Floor tiles

Rotunda

iling ustic iles

Entrance

vard Glass Curtain Wall

Ecole Nationale Superieure des Beaux-Arts

Licensed interior decorator Director of School of Architecture at Georgia Tech

Women Admission to Georgia Tech

First Female Faculty

Bright and Cheerful

As Georgia Tech Library staff for 44 years

Fifth Georgia Tech President

Important influences in design process

ng of get roval

Stimuate Learning

Support Women Admission Pursuit of Serenity

Excited Freshmen

Architect designed Light Fixtures

ncial ibution

Armstong Cork Tile

Different illumance according to program

Alingn with grid plan

Adphalt Tile

Marble granules

k

The Bundle of Wire

Reflection & Discussion

Reflection

I asked the question of what Historic Preservation is in the introduction, I can say the whole document I have produced is the study of Historic Preservation. I am being informed through reading influencing professional about their values, studied the formation of those practical principles of conservation among different countries and hands on the research in the Price Gilbert Memorial Library. And now I am on the path shaping my own position and values.

Historic Preservation is not a common architectural project; it required the sensitive translation of the existing building, clarity in communicating the period of time, and honestly passing down the treads of the building to the future. There is no black and white solution to the treatment of a Historic building, but by being informed on the designer’s part, the design decision will harmoniously weaving the past and satisfying new requirements.

I believe the other face of Historic Preservation is Education. In Hong Kong, the term conservation raises its popularity after Queen’s Pier was demolished in 2008. The term conservation is translated as 保 育, the first character, 保, is protection; while the second character, 育, is about education. The preservation of a building is more than preserving and protecting the physical form of the building, but also the non-physical form elements, like, the collective memory.

The Principles and Standards created by the government and professionals only provide a guideline for decision maker to consider; however, in many case, Historic Preservation is a luxurious move from their standpoint.

This insight can be modified, through the recognition of the value of collective memory, which from my point of view; has another name, heritage.

Heritage will not exist without the past and if it does not continue in the future, it is lost, and not recoverable, or it will not be the same.

Education to the decision makers and more important, the people sharing the same culture, is the necessary path for Historic Preservation to live in this professional field.

Present

Present

Present

The End

Past

Future

Present is a conceptual moment. When we realize that moment, it already became the past.

Past

If we only consider the Past, and do not account for the future, it is The End.

Alsheimers

Future

If we only consider the Future, without any recognition of the past, we are Alsheimers

Discussion

1. Studio Exercise 2. Site and Program Assign

Precedent Studies

There is a disconnection of Historic Preservation in academic studio and the professional practice. We did precedent research, but the amount of time spent on discovering the building is only a very small portion of the whole design process.

Massing and Site Strategy Development

Schematic Design Development

Final Presentation

weeks

Historic Preservation is becoming more actively involves in architectural design, as buildings continue to age, preservation steps in. Preservation is no longer only applied on building of few hundred decade old. For example, one of Rem Koolhass’ buildings was declared to be preserved by the government after three years it was built. This reflects not only the education of Historic Preservation should be more incorporated to architecture school’s curium, but also the Historic Preservation education needs to adapt to the changing current of real world condition.

The Historic Preservation based Design Process

Historic Preservation Based Program

Program Verification

Research

Documentation

Budget

Assessment of conditions and Characteristics

Character Defining Features Identify Period of Significant

Existing drawings

Field Evaluation

Archival Research

Structures

Oral Histories (interviews)

Mechanical + Fire Protection System

Building Assembly

Volumes and Relationships

Materials

Systems

Layers of past treatments

T1

T2

T3

T4

NonContributions

The Treads of information

Non-Historic Demonstration

Building

History as a The Bundle of Wire

The Project

Informed Intuition

d Design Process

Present

Approach to Treatment

Issues

Past

Identify the Issue

Building Assembly

Volumes and Relationships

Materials

Systems

Future

New Features

New Features

New Features

Schematic Design

Design Document

Construction Document

Diagrammatic Narrative External Plans Sections Elevations Renderings SD Price

Details Specifications Materials Assembling Approach DD Price

Building Form Documentation

Treatment to Historic Fabric

Treatment to Historic Fabric

Treatment to Historic Fabric

“Complete Thought�

Technical Resources

Books and online resources on treatment to materials

Secretary of Interior Technical resources

Different Level of Standards

Basic Architectural Design Process

Bibliography

Books Class: Cody, J. (2002). Heritage As Hologram: Hong Kong After Change in Sovereignty 1997-2001. In The disappearing “Asian” city: Protecting Asia’s urban heritage in a globalizing world (pp. 191-207). Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.

Kubler, G. (1962). The shape of time: Remarks on the history of things.

New Haven: Yale University Press.

Nelson, G. (1977). How to see: Visual adventures in a world God never made.

Boston: Little Brown.

Riegl, A., & Swoboda, K. (1929). The Modern Cult of Monument: Its Essence and Its Development. In Gesammelte aufsätze. Augsburg-Wien: Dr. B. Filser.

Ruskin, J. (1849). Memory. In The seven lamps of architecture. New York: J. Wiley.

Standards: 張復合, 建築史論文集(第17輯), 清華大學出版社有限公司

Articles and Journals Antiquities Advisory Board. Respecting out Heritage While Looking Ahead: Policy on Conservation of Built Heritage. [www.builtheritagereview.hk] Legislative council brief: Declaration of Ho Tung Gardens At 75 peak road as a proposed Monument under the antiquities and monuments ordinance [https://www.heritage.gov.hk/en/doc/LegCo_Brief_Declaration_of_HTG_as_PM%28E%29.pdf] Lee, HoYin, DiStefano, Lynne D. (2008). Heritage Policies Review, Architectural Conservation Programme (ACP), The Concurrent Development of Conservation Perception and Conservation Education in a City of Change.

Hong Kong Institute of Architects (2012) Hong Kong Today: Conservation Policy in Hong Kong [Teacher Notes] Hong Kong Development Bureau (2014) Consultancy Study on the Heritage Conservation Regimes in Other Jurisdictions

Websites Class: http://www.designboom.com/architecture/oma-at-venice-architecture-biennale-2010/ http://www.arch.columbia.edu/files/gsapp/imceshared/aml2193/Koolhaas_04. pdf Library: http://history.library.gatech.edu/exhibits/show/bldg/library Standards, Government Conservation Departments: http://www.nps.gov/history/preservation.htm http://www.asianlii.org/cn/legis/cen/laws/lotprocotpocr651/ http://www.moc.gov.tw/ http://www.aab.gov.hk/en/links.php http://www.docomomo.hk/ http://www.heritage.gov.hk/en/index.htm https://www.historicengland.org.uk/ Others: http://www.hkheritage.org/en/about.asp http://www.anthonymtung.com/index.htm http://atlantapreservationcenter.com http://www.centralpolicestation.org.hk/ch/conserve-and-revitalise-cps/ index.asp http://www.ihbc.org.uk/resources_head/web_based/index.html Hong Kong Library Booklist over the topic of Historic Conservation https://www.hkpl.gov.hk/en/common/attachments/reference/resources/Historical_bldgs_and_their_convervation_in_HK.pdf

What can I do?

This is only the beginning of my journey in Historic Preservation.