EN PHYWE Catalogue biology by PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co KG

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Physics tics Modern Physics · Thermodynamics · Mechanics · Optics

Chemistry Electrochemistry · Spectroscopy · Pysical Chemistry

Biology Ecology and Environment · Senses and Nerves · Microbiology

Applied Sciences

X-ray · Renewable Energy · Material Sciences · Medicine

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Service

Service from A to Z – our service, your satisfaction

Customer service before, during and after your purchase The PHYWE service does not end with the delivery of the equipment. With our after sales service, we offer you comprehensive support:

Individual Service for individual needs By choosing a PHYWE product you decide for a comprehensive service at the same time. We support you with our multi-level service concept. From planning through to installation and up to our extensive after sales service. Rely on our strengths: rugged and long-lasting products made in Germany, customized for your needs.

Customized information

Installation and setting-up

Stockage service / instruction

Training courses at PHYWE or on-site

Technical service

Repair service

1st response within 24 hours with tracking number P. +49 (0) 551 604-126 F. +49 (0) 551 604-106 service@phywe.de

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4 Biology

Biology 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.3 4.3.1 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2

Environmental analysis Measurement instruments Water analysis Soil analysis Air analysis Ecology and meteorology General - ecology and meteorology Water analysis in the laboratory Soil and air analysis in the laboratory Meteorology Behaviour Behaviour Sensory organs Light sense Hearing sense

501 502 507 510 512 513 514 522 525 527 531 532 535 536 544

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 499

4 Biology

4.4.3 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.8.3 4.8.4 4.8.5 4.9 4.9.1 4.9.2 4.9.3

Temperature sense Nerves and muscles Experiments with functional models Real Experiments Respiration and circulation Respiration Blood circulation Our food - analysis, production, digestion Food analysis and production Digestion, excretion Plants, growth, development, metabolism General Growth, development Water balance Mineral balance Gas balance Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray Biochemistry Microbiology and biotechnology X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

excellence in science 500

547 549 550 556 561 562 565 571 572 574 579 580 585 587 588 589 593 594 600 602

4 Biology 4.1 Environmental analysis

Environmental analysis 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4

Measurement instruments Water analysis Soil analysis Air analysis

502 507 510 512

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4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.1 Measurement instruments

Cobra4 Mobile-Link

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature, semiconductor -20...110 °C

Funktion and Applications Cobra4 -20..110°C Sensor-Unit Temperature-semiconductor Benefits can be connected directly to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link. Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Mobile-Link is a modern, high performance hand measuring device for mobile data recording, to which all Cobra4 Sensor-Units can be connected via a secure plug-in/lockable connection.

Sensoatar jacket: stainless steel, Measuring range: -20..+110°C, Absolute accuracy: ± 0.5°C, Resolution: 0.05°C, Time constant: 7 s, Data flow rate: 200 Hz, Connecting port: sub-D-15-pole, Sensor length / diameter: 200 mm, 6 mm, Cable length: 120 cm, Weight: 125 g 12640-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature, NiCr-Ni

Benefits The Cobra4 Mobile-Link particularly stands out for the following features Up to 1,000 measuring values/sec, Data can be saved on an SD memory card, Automatic detection of all Cobra4 Sensor-Units, Foolproof navigation with central navigation cross, "measure" evaluation software can be used for FREE, Water-resistant and reliable for outdoor work. The Cobra4 Mobile-Link is idealfor use in: Students experiments with no computer (as a digital multi-meter for numerous measuring parameters), Outdoor experiments with student groups, Project days, trips, schoolhiking days etc. Equipment and technical data Power supply: 2 x Mignon batteries, Power consumption: < 300 mA, Data storage: Max. 2 GB SD card, Data rate: 1,000 values/s, Dimensions: L x B x H: 155x65x35 mm, Weight: 200 g, Delivery incl. operating manual plus CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software incl. FREE evaluation software, experiments descriptions and configuration settings for experiments, Delivery without batteries and memory card. Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00 SD memory card for Cobra4-Mobile-Link, 2 GB, 20MB/sec 12620-01 SD card reader 12620-03 Cobra4 Mobile-Link set, incl. rechargeable batteries, SD memory card, USB cable and software "measure" 12620-55

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni is a measuring recorder for temperature measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller. Benefits It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Ni thermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures simultaneously or to measure a temperature difference, The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature NiCr- Ni can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Equipment and technical data Temperature measuring range: -200..+1200 °C, Resolution: 0.1 K, Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used, Data flow rate: 5 Hz, Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm, Weight: 85 g 12641-00

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4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.1 Measurement instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics is a measuring recorder for pressure and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Nithermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures and one absolut pressure value simultaneously, The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Equipment and technical data Temperature: Measuring range: -200..+1200°C, Resolution: 0.1 K, Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used Pressure:

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH and 2 x temperature NiCr-Ni is a measuring recorder for pH, potential and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits It can be fitted with two NiCr-Ni thermoelements (Type K) and a pH probe or Redox measuring chain, in order to measure up to two temperatures and one pH or potential value simultaneously, The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/lockable connection. Equipment and technical data Temperature: Measuring range: -200..+1200 °C, Resolution: 0.1 K, Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used pH: Measuring range: 0...14, Resolution 0.01K, Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5% Potential: Measuring range -2000..+2000 mV, Resolution: 0.1 mV, Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%, Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm, Weight: 95 g 12630-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni

Measuring range: 0...2000 hPa, Resolution 0.1 hPa, Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5%, Data flow rate: max. 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62mm x 63mm x 35mm, Weight: approx. 190 g 12638-00

Thermocouple NiCr-Ni,sheathed Function and Applications Thermocouple, that ca be connected to Cobra4 Sensor Units 2x temperature, Thermodynamics and Chemistra. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Response Time: <1 s Cable: 1m Stainless steel sheath Magnesiumoxidepowder insulation

Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connector

Function and Applications

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection is a measuring recorder for pH and potential measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller.

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4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.1 Measurement instruments

Benefits It can be fitted with a pH probe or Redoxmeasuring chain, in order to measure pH or potential values, The unit can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Equipment and technicla data pH: Measuring range: 0...14pH, Resolution: 0.01K, Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

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Measuring cycle: 0.8...2s (adjusted automatically) Dimensions approx. 62 mm x 63 mm

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000) 12632-00 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01

Potential: Measuring range: -2000...+2000 mV, Resolution: 0.1 mV, Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%, Data flow rate: 5 Hz, Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm, Weight: 70 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes

12631-00

pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity / Temperature Pt1000

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity/Temperature with stainless steel electrodes can be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Benefits Particularly good application for school and outdoor experimentation, as the measuring gauge is already firmly connected. Equipment and technical data Conductivity: Measuring range: 0.2 µS/cm...200 mS/cm, Measuring accuracy: 6% of the measuringvalue ± 0,2µS/cm, Resolution: 0.1 µS/cm, 1 µS/cm, 10µS/ cm, 100 µS/cm

Temperature: Measuring range: 0 to 100°C, Measuring accuracy: ± 0.8°C, Resolution: 0.1°C , Data flow rate: 1 Hz, Connecting port: sub-D-15 pole, Measuring electrode length, diameter,electrode spacing: 7 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, Cable length: 60 cm, Weight: 85 g

Benefits ▪

The Cobra4 sensor may be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data Conductivity: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring

range 1:0.0 .. approx. 2,500.0 µS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.15 µS/cm range 2:0 .. approx. 45,000 µS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±3 µS/cm range 3:0.00 .. approx. 1,100 mS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.05 mS/cm

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring accuracy:-20.0°C..150.0°C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: ±0.5K (in the range 0..100°C)

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12633-00

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.1 Measurement instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude

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Concentration 0,0...20,0 mg O2/l Saturation 0-120% Accuracy 1,5% of meas. value Salinity correct. 0...70 salinity Connection 5 pin diode socket

Temperature ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range 0...+45C Resolution 0.1C Accuracy +-( 0.1C + 1Digit) Type of probe Pt 1000

Atmospheric pressure ▪

Measuring range 500...1100 hPa (mbar)

Accessories 12105-01 Oxygen/Temperature probe Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Benefits

Oxygenmeter, hand-held 07135-00 Oxygen/Temperature probe 12105-01 Softw. Oxygenmeter, hand-held 14415-61

At the same time, the following measuring parameters may be recorded: airpressure, relative humidity, airtemperature, brightness, height , Ideal for use in outdoor experiments, on classtrips or for project or school hikingdays.

Lux meter, hand-held

Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications

Relative Humidity:

For determining light intensities of up to 300 klx in air and water bodies.

measurement range 0 - 100 %, accuracy +/- 5 % Air Pressure: measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar, accuracy +/-5 % Air Temperature: measurement range -40 - +125 °C, accuracy +/- 0.5 °C Brightness: measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx, accuracy +/- 5 %, calculation using air pressure, Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz, Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm, Weight: 60 g 12670-00

Oxygenmeter, hand-held Function and Applications For measurement of oxygen concentration or saturation of temperature and of atmospheric pressure.

Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

2 four-digit LCD Display with 15 or 7.5 mm digit height Analog bar display with good resolution (2% of measuring range) RS232 interface to transmit the measurements to a computer or on a large display built-in data logger for storing max.250 measurements Representation of the minima, maxima and averages of a series of measurements Battery, accu or external power supply automatic shut-down water protected keyboard Calibration manually or automatically

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4 measuring ranges 0,001 Lx-300 kLx resolution 0,1/1/10/100 Lx Accuracy 3/3/3/5 % 5 pole probe connector jack Data interface type RS 232 (serial) Baudrate 9600 bit / s USB port connector

Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Lux meter, hand-held 07137-00 Lux immersion probe, 10m cable 07137-01 Softw. Luxmeter, hand-held 14417-61 Data cable RS 232, SUB-D/USB 07157-01

Equipment and technical data Oxygen ▪

Measuring ranges:

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 505

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.1 Measurement instruments

Large-scale display, digital, RS-232 port

Cobra3 DISPLAY-UNIT

Function and Applications For large display of electrical and nonelectrical measured values and their units in combination with Cobra3 BASIC-Unit and COM-unit with modules Cobra3 CHEM-Unit and COM- unit-hand-held measuring devices-electronic balances Equipment and technical data

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two 5-digit 20-mm-LED-displays for digital display of measured values 2 LED dot matrix displays for demonstrating units 2 dot matrix displays for demonstrating the selected measurement channels Connections: 2 RS 232C-D-SUB-9-plugs for donnecting up to the Cobra3 COM Unit or for connecting up to 2 hand-held devices or 1 balance 1 RS 232C-D-SUB-9-jack for connecting an additional Cobra3 Display unit 1 48-pin system plug for direct connection to the Cobra3 COM unit. Supply: 12V DC

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Dimensions: (190x135x90) mm

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Special four-digit large-format display for presenting the measurement data supplied by the new Cobra4 Mobile-Link with Cobra4 Display-Connect, the Cobra3COM-UNIT, the PHYWE hand-held measuring instruments and Sartorius or Scaltecbalances equipped with data interfaces.

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Benefits

Cobra3 Display Unit 12154-00 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

Fit for the future: The large-formatdisplay can be updated and adapted to other measuring instruments which are not available on the market yet. Equipment and technical data 4-digit digital display with a digit height of 56 mm, Matrix display (15×14) pixels for presenting the units, Serial interface (RS 232) for connecting a measuring instrument, Secondconnector for the simultaneous presentation of another measuring quantity, Threaded connectors for connectingsupport stands or a clamp (to attache the display to various experimental set-ups). Large-scale display, digital, RS-232 port 07157-93 Data cable for cobra probes 12150-07 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Cobra4 Display-Connect TX, transmitter for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-00 Cobra4 Display-Connect TX, receiver for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-01 Cobra4 Display-Connect, Set of transmitter and receiver for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-88

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4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.2 Water analysis

Acidity changes of a watercourse

Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1521662

Principle The pH value (a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions) in running waters depends on the geological conditions, the pollution load that is caused by agricultural production, and on plant activities. This experiment shows how the pH value of a stream changes even at a short distance and just a few kilometres away from the spring.

TESS Applied Sciences Cobra4 environment and outdoors

Function and Applications This device set is ideally suited to shared-work experiments with schoolgroups. Benefits ▪

We visit a wastewater treatment plant ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Whether in the classroom, outdoors or on project days: in this robust aluminium case, you will always find the right device for carrying out fascinating experiments with schoolgroups. Up to 4 work groups can work on and investigate interesting topics in parallel. All data are saved on SD memory cards. Evaluation of the data can be carried out e.g. at home, as homework. The measure evaluation software is included for FREE and may,of course, be used privately by each pupil.

TIP:

Principle A visit to a water treatment plant reveals some fascinating procedures and purification methods. We will not merely be concerned with interesting impressions, but instead we will increase our understanding for microbiological processes by measuring the key parameters: temperature, pH and salinity.

This device is also ideal for use e.g.in the context of a school hiking day: here, a topografic profile can easily be produced with the weather sensor. In Geography lessons, the data can be evaluated and interpreted together. If the height is then set against the temperature, humidity relative to the path, or temperature relative to the time of day, great discoveries can be made, which are both practical and fun. Equipment and technical data The highly stable aluminium case contains the following materials: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 507

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.2 Water analysis

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1 x pH plastic, gel-filled electrode 1 x 100 red pH 4 buffer trays 1 x 100 green pH 10 buffer trays 1 x 460 ml calibration solution for conductance electrode 1 x protective case for GL 25pH electrode 1 x 120 labels, 4 x 100 ml square flange (HDPE) 2 x 250 ml PP laboratory beaker 4 x 1 GB 20 MB/sec SD memory card for Cobra4 Mobile-Link 1 x 110...240 V Charger for metal hybrid batteries 2 x Mignon 1.2 V 2700 mAh spare batteries - set of 4 operating manual plus CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software, incl. FREE evaluation software experimental descriptions and configuration settings for experiments

TESS Applied Sciences Cobra4 environment and outdoors, for 4 work groups 12622-88 TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02

TESS Biology Set biological water analysis

TESS Biology Set chemo-physical water testing

Function and Applications This kit allows up to 8 work groups to carry out field examinations of running water and lakes. The following parameters are measured: Temperature, oxygen content, pH, conductivity, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and ammonium content, alkalinity (total hardness). The examinations can be extended to further parameters when the kit is supplemented with extra equipment, available as accessories and for which room has been reserved in the case: Depth of transparency (measured using a Secchi disc or a Lux meter with immersion probe), water profiles (measurement down to 10 m depth using a water scoop).

Function and Applications Eco-Kit "Biological testing of water quality" Benefits The enclosed manual containing tables and analysis of arches allows assignment to the water quality classes I. .. IV Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Screens Trays Shells, large and small Tweezers Brushes Pipettes Magnifier glasses, large and small Petri dishes Catchall for aquatic organisms Caliper Rulers Manual with key Snap lid jars

TESS Biology set Biological water analysis 30834-88 TESS Biology manual biological water quality testing 30834-02

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The methods are mainly chemico-physical determinations acc. to BACH. They allow an objective assessment of the water quality, and are referred to by the Scottish and American Environmental Authorities, as well as those of some German Federal States, in their reports on water quality. The chemico-physical examination methods always give momentary values, and so allow measurements of variation overtime (daily and seasonal variations) as well as at different positions (e.g.pollution by influents). Added meaningis given by supplementing these methods with biological methods, which aim at the documentation of long-term changes in the condition of the body of water. TESS Biology set Chemo-physical water analysis 30837-88 TESS Biology manual chemo-physical water testing 30837-22

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.2 Water analysis

Water analysis case

Reagent case with Photometer PF-12 incl. manual and 4 batteries with filters for the following wave lengths: 345 / 436 / 470 / 540 / 585 / 620 / 690 nm, Software for transfering the measured data to a PC, Manual with test instructions for test kits, 4 empty tubes, 1 funnel, 1 beaker 25 ml, 1 syringe 5 ml, 1 syringe 1 ml, 1 thermometer, 2 titration syringes with dropping tips, 2 titration test tubes, The following test kits: Ammonium, iron, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, pH , carbonate hardness and total hardness Accessories Ni-MH accumulators, Mignon, 1.2 V, 2000 mAh, Eneloop Type, 4 pcs. (07930-03), Fast Charging System for up to 4 Ni-MH accumulators, 100...240 V (07930-99), Refill packs of the test kits 30839-00

Function and Applications For the determination of the quality of bodies of water which are to a great extent unburdened with waste water and of the pollution caused in them by an influx of municipal waste water, or for the monitoring of pond fertilization. Benefits suitable for examining both standing and running waters , the excursion case inclusdes test kits for the determination of: ammonium, pH, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, iron, total water hardness, carbonate, oxygen Equipment and technical data water analysis case, manual with detailed instructions 30831-00

Reagent case for water analysis with filter photometer

Function and Applications This excursion case enables students to actively participate in the measurement of water parameters in your immediate neighbourhood. Rapid chemical analyses provide meaningful results in a very short time. The colourimetric tests can be reproducibly and exactly evaluated by using the portable filter photometer. Benefits Compact water laboratory for mobile use with photometer, reagents and accessories in a new robust case with a premium foamed plastic insert, increased accuracy and reproducibility by photometric evaluation of colourimetric tests, economic refill packs with up to 200 determinations per parameter Equipment and technical data

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 509

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.3 Soil analysis

The pH value of various soils

Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1520962

Principle Information concerning the quality of soils is of great importance for agricultural production. The students are familiarised with this subject via two experiments with pH measurements that show how much soils may differ from each other (experiment "Characteristic pH values of various soils") and how significant the differences within a soil itself may be (experiment "Soil profile").

TESS Biology Introduction Sets

Comparison of soil and air temperatures in the course of a day

TESS Biology Introduction consists of two sets (Set 1 and Set 2), which enable the performance of 92 experiments. Both sets are needed. TESS Biology set 1 Glassware 13296-88 TESS Biology set 2 Equipment 13297-88 TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments 01845-02

TESS Applied Sciences Set soil examination

Principle How does the temperature of the air affect the temperature of the soil in the course of a day?

Function and Applications Case with material for 6 work groups

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4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.3 Soil analysis

Benefits ▪

to investigate the 18 most important soil parameters:soil profile (soil horizons, soiltype), mineral matter (stone content, fineearth content, soil texture), body of humus (humus content, humustype), water/air (soil moisture, watercapacity, water permeability rate, utilizable water capacity), soil structure (soil compaction, aggregate stability/tilth), acidity (pH value, lime content), nutrients (nitrate content of soil,nitrate content of fruit and vegetables), soil life (soil animals)

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Includes 65 page manual on the theoretical basis of the topics and with experimental instructions.

Humidity determination apparatus in transport box

TESS Applied Sciences set soil examination 30836-88 TESS Applied Sciences manual examination of soil 30836-02 Function and Applications

Excursion set, soil analysis

To determine the moisture content of the soil. This method can be implemented particularly in ecological pilot projects, which it provides fast and reliable results. Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications The case contains the complete equipment for the determination of the type of soil, the soil structure, the pH of the soil and its nutrient content, i.e. the nitrogen, phosphate and potassium content available to plants. Benefits

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CM pressure cylinder manometer 3 manometer sealings 3 bottle sealings precision spring balance testing medium for the manometer metal grinding bowl 4 stainless steel bullets in plastic can 20 calciumcarbide phials in plastic can chisel operating manual bottle brush plastic scoop 5 weighing pans metalcase

Humidity determination apparatus in transport box 64203-02 Calcium carbide, amp., 100 off 64203-10

The manual contains detailed descriptions of experiments for determining soil characteristics, It contains a complete schedule for soil testing, from taking samples to differentiating the various soil types, from the determination of the nutrient content to the calculation of the amount of fertiliser required, It also supplies valuable background information, All necessary reagents, equipment and accessories are clearly positioned in the case, so that a glance suffices to check that it is complete. Equipment and technical data Extraction Solutions, Balance, 2 scoops, 3 syringes, Pleated filter, Colander, Spray bottle, 5 containers, 2 cylinders, 2 funnels, Blades, Spoon Accessories Soil auger (64221-01), Soil auger, small (64222-00) 30346-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 511

4.1 Environmental analysis 4.1.4 Air analysis

TESS Applied Sciences Set "Gas Examination"

Gas detector for the quantitative determination of gas

Function and applications For investigating air pollution caused by car exhaust gases. Equipment and technical data The case contains the following: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Gas detector pump (100 ml air/stroke) Test tube for carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, 2x carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrous gases, benzene and hydrocarbons 100-l test bag for exhaust gases with measuring connection, rubber hose and clamp Handbook with detailed instructions

30838-88

Function and Applications For the determination of gaseous air pollution Advantages Bellows pumps to be operated by hand for the suctioning of defined air quantities. With different test-tubes, gaseous air pollution can be determined quantitatively and qualitatively. Equipment and technical data

Bag f. exhaust gas,w.connec.pc.

Suction volume: 100 ml/stroke, automatic stroke counter to avoid faulty measurements, optical display signals that the necessary test air has been suctioned Gas tester I, quantitat.analysis 64199-02 Accessory set for Gas Tester 64199-06

Function and applications 100-liter gas bag with heat-resistant exhaust hose and special adapters for all standard exhaust pipes. With test point for testing tubes (gas detection pump). Furthermore, the exhaust gas testing bag can also be used to measure quantity of exhaust gas. Questions like: "How long would the engine of the tested cars have to run to fill the school gym completely with exhaust fumes?" always lead to interesting discussions. 64199-20

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4 Biology 4.2 Ecology and meteorology

Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4

General - ecology and meteorology Water analysis in the laboratory Soil and air analysis in the laboratory Meteorology

514 522 525 527

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Comparison of heat capacities of water and land. Tasks 1. 2.

To prepare comparison curves showing the different heat capacities of water and land. To interpret data on climate and to explain how onshore and offshore wind originate.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Heat capacity Heat radiation Origin of climatic fluctuations Generation of onshore and offshore winds

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100140

Comparison of the heat capacities of water and land (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4100111

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The Bergmann rule: heat loss as a function of the body surface area and volume (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Demonstration of different heat losses in dependence on body surface area and volume. Tasks 1. 2.

To prepare a graph which demonstrates the different heat losses with different volumes and body surface areas. To interpret data on the settling of warm and cold regions by lager or smaller animals.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Bergman rule Heat losses Lager versus smaller animals Coler versus warmer regions of the world

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100240

The Bergmann rule: heat loss as a function of the body sur face area and volume (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4100211

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 515

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

Conductivity of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Determination of conductivity. Tasks 1. 2.

To determine the condutivity of various water samples. To discuss the reasons for the big differences in conductivity.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Conduytivity of water samples Rainwater Drinking water Aquarium water River water Mineral water Electrolytes waste water Eluvation Contamination by inorganic salts Horizontal/vertical zones

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100540

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The pH value of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Determination of the pH-values. Tasks 1. 2.

To determine the pH-values of various water samples. To discuss the reasons for the big differences in pH-value.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

pH of water samples Demineralised water Aquarium water Rainwater Lake water River water Drinking water Mineral water Seasonal and daily fluctuations Buffering effects Poisoning effects for animals

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100640

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 517

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The origin of acid rain (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle In this experiment, acid rain is to be artificially prepared by passing gases such as SO2, NO2 and Co2 through water. Tasks 1.

Drop in pH resulting from the formation of acid then recorded

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Acid rain Anthropogenic air pollution Damage to forests Acidification of soil and water Gaseous and aerosol emissions

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100740

The origin of acid rain (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4100711

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The insulating effect of body coverage (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Demonstration of the insulating effect of body coverage. Tasks 1. 2.

To prepare curves showing the insulation effect of various body coverage's. To discuss the reason of different isolating characteristics.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Insulation effects Body coverage's Coat of animals Fur Wool Feathers

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100340

The insulating effect of body coverage (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4100311

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 519

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The twenty-four-hour rhythm of an aquatic plant (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Plants produce oxygen by photosynthesis under the influence of light (during the day). Carbon dioxide is hereby consumed. In the dark (at night), however, they consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. Tasks 1.

This day and night rhythm in an aquatic plant has to be followed over a longer period by pH measurements.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Photosynthesis Daylight reaction Dark reaction Diurnal rhythm Nocturnal rhythm pH measurement Carbon dioxide consumption and production

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100840

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.1 General - ecology and meteorology

The Bergmann rule: heat loss as a function of the body surface area and volume

Laboratory Experiments Biol., L.V.

16506-02

Impact of the forest type on humidity, temperature and brightness

Illustration of the heat loss fordifferent relationships between volumeand body surface area, using a modelconsisting of different sized roundbottom flasks that are filled withwater. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1351060

Comparison of the heat capacities of water and soil

Principle Various types of woodland exhibit different sorts of climate data. Temperature, humidity and lighting conditions do not only depend on meteorological factors but also on the nature of the vegetation. The density of the tree canopy determines how much light can penetrate and therefore affects the temperature. The low density of vegetation on a managed highland forestry estate (often beech forests at European latitudes) also affects the movement of winds in the forest, which also affects humidity. In this outdoor experiment, we will be conducting measurements on various types of woodland during the same day and at approximately the same time in order to eliminate meteorological differences as far as possible. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German

Principle To prepare comparison curves showing the different heat capacities of water and of land.

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1521762

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science

01330-02

TESS Cobra4 Environment and outdoors Equipment and technical data The aluminium case for transport and storage contains the following materials: 1 x Cobra4 Mobile-Link, 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection, 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: airpressure, humidity, ambient temperature, brightness, 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit, Temperature-Semiconductor 20...110 °C, 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity with permanently connected stainless steel, 1 x pH plastic, gel-filled electrode, 1 x 100 red pH 4 buffer trays, 1 x 100 pH 10 green buffer trays, 1 x 460 ml calibration solution for conductance electrode, 1 x protective case for GL 25 pH electrode, 1 x 120 labels, 4 x 100 ml square flange (HDPE), 2 x 250 ml PP laboratory beaker, 1 x 1 GB 20 MB/sec SD memory card for Cobra4 Mobile-Link, 1 x 110...240 V Charger for metal hybrid batteries with Mignon 1.2 V 2700 mAh spare batteries, Delivery incl. CD-ROM with drivers and data analysis software 12619-88

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 521

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.2 Water analysis in the laboratory

Conductivity of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Determination of conductivity. Tasks 1. 2.

To determine the condutivity of various water samples. To discuss the reasons for the big differences in conductivity.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Conductivity of water samples Rainwater Drinking water Aquarium water River water Mineral water Electrolytes waste water Eluvation Contamination by inorganic salts Horizontal/vertical zones

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100511

Conductivity of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4100540

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.2 Water analysis in the laboratory

The pH value of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Determination of the pH-values. Tasks 1. 2.

To determine the pH-values of various water samples. To discuss the reasons for the big differences in pH-value.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

pH of water samples Demineralised water Aquarium water Rainwater Lake water River water Drinking water Mineral water Seasonal and daily fluctuations Buffering effects Poisoning effects for animals

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100640

The pH value of various water samples (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4100611

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 523

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.2 Water analysis in the laboratory

We examine our drinking water

with interesting impressions, but instead we will increase our understanding for microbiological processes by measuring the key parameters: temperature, pH and salinity. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1521662

Water quality - contamination with heavy metals

Principle Demonstration experiment with wireless transmission of data to a large-size digital display. This experiment shows how much the drinking water can differ from place to place within the same region. Comparison of tap water with bottled mineral water and distilled water can yield some surprising results. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English

Principle

P1520063

The origin of acid rain, complete set (interface version Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P1370340

Heavy-metal ions may be carried into surface or ground water from mining fields or via the waste water of galvanicor similar production sites. They block the effect of enzymes so that the processes in the metabolism of the organisms that are controlled by these enzymes may be disturbed or prevented. Using urea hydrolysis with the aid of urease, the blocking of the enzymes by heavy-metal ions can be measured with common laboratory methods. Literature for this experiment as follows:

We visit a wastewater treatment plant

TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P0990162

Principle A visit to a water treatment plant reveals some fascinating procedures and purification methods. We will not merely be concerned

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4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.3 Soil and air analysis in the laboratory

The pH value of various soils

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1521262

Salinity of soils and plant substrates Principle Demonstration experiment using wireless data communication to send readings to a large-size display. Knowledge of soil characteristics is highly important for agriculture. To familiarise students with this topic, two sub-experiments use pH readings to demonstrate how different soils from different places can be (sub-experiment "Characteristic pH values for soils") and how varied the soil can be down below the surface (sub-experiment "Soil profiles"). Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1521063

Raised bog and fen

Principle Demonstration experiment using wireless data communication to send readings to a large-size display. How suitable are certain soils and plant substrates in terms of plant nutrition? This experiment is concerned with the measurement of conductivity, which gives an indication of which of the studied soils and plant substrates already contain nutrient salts necessary for the growth of plants and which ones would be better if nutrients were added in the form of fertiliser. Plants gain their nutrition in the form of salt ions from the soil. The most important of the 16 nutrients which plants need to grow are nitrogen in the form of nitrates and ammonia, phosphorus in the form of phosphates and potassium in the form of potassium salts. In addition, soils need to have lime (calcium carbonate) to reduce their acidity (reduction in pH). For agricultural purposes, such nutrients are added to the soil in the form of inorganic fertilisers. For house plants, fertiliser-enriched potting soil is used. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1521163

TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors

Principle Moorland provides a location for plants specialised for soils with an excess of moisture. Apart from this common feature, moors can exhibit a great many differences. For instance both raised boggy moorland and fens count as moorland but they support quite different communities of plant-life due to the different living conditions they provide, as we shall see in this experiment. Literature for this experiment as follows:

12622-02

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science

01330-02

TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 525

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.3 Soil and air analysis in the laboratory

▪

Relative humidity

accuracy +/- 5 %

Air Pressure: ▪ ▪

measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar accuracy +/-5 %

Air Temperature: ▪ ▪

measurement range -40 - +125 °C accuracy +/- 0.5 °C

Brightness: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Principle Dew or frost can be formed on the inside of windows, although one has the feeling that the air in the room is quite dry. A cellar cannot be dehumidified on warm days in summer by simply opening the cellar window. This experiment shows why. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1520560

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude

Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

At the same time, the following measuring parameters may be recorded: airpressure, relative humidity, airtemperature, brightness, height Ideal for use in outdoor experiments, on classtrips or for project or school hikingdays.

Equipment and technical data Relative Humidity: ▪

measurement range 0 - 100 %

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measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx accuracy +/- 5 % calculation using air pressure Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm Weight: 60 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude 12670-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.4 Meteorology

The daily course of luminosity (with Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle The daily course of luminosity. Tasks In a 24-hour long-term measurement the course of luminosity is recorded in the immediate vicinity of a window. The dependence on the season, the geographical location and the current degree of cloudiness, fog etc. has to be discussed. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Long-term measurement Course of luminosity Seasonal influences Geographical location Cloudiness Fog

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100411

The daily course of luminosity (with Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4100440

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 527

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.4 Meteorology

Comparison of soil and air temperatures in the course of a day

is read off the display and noted. In the case of continuous measurements, the values are stored on an SD card and can then be viewed and analysed with the software "measure for Cobra4". Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German

Principle How does the temperature of the air affect the temperature of the soil in the course of a day?

TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1520462

Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German

Terrain mapping

Weather observation with the Cobra4 Mobile-Link

Principle The drawing of maps is one of the favourite tasks of the students during geography lessons and of a high didactic value. The altitude measuring function of the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit "Weather" is a userfriendly tool which provides altitude values so that contour lines can be added to maps. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsph채nomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English

Principle The compact Cobra4 "Weather" multisensor can be employed as a simple means to setup a weather station, which can then be used to explain the relationship between the air pressure, humidity, temperature, and the light intensity. The measurement combination of a Cobra4 Mobile-Link and a "Weather" multisensor enables single or continuous measurements of these weather parameters. In the case of a single measurement, the measured value

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P1520662

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.4 Meteorology

Impact of the forest type on humidity, temperature and brightness

Comparison of the heat capacities of water and soil

Principle To prepare comparison curves showing the different heat capacities of water and of land. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English

P1521762 P1350960

Relative humidity

Humidity sensor for Cobra3

Function and Applications Principle Dew or frost can be formed on the inside of windows, although one has the feeling that the air in the room is quite dry. A cellar cannot be dehumidified on warm days in summer by simply opening the cellar window. This experiment shows why. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English

Measurement of relative humidity (RH), absolute humidity and temperature with Cobra3 Basic-UNIT. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Humidity Range: 5-95% RH (non-condensing) accuracy: ± 5% RH at 25°C response rate: approx. 15 seconds in moving air at 25°C repeatability: ± 0.5% RH temperature range: 40°C.+85°C accuracy: ± 1°C at 25°C resolution: ± 0.1°C.

12121-00

P1520560

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 529

4.2 Ecology and meteorology 4.2.4 Meteorology

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude

Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

At the same time, the following measuring parameters may be recorded: airpressure, relative humidity, airtemperature, brightness, height Idealfor use in outdoor experiments, on classtrips or for project or school hikingdays.

Equipment and technical data Relative Humidity: ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 100 % accuracy +/- 5 %

Air Pressure: ▪ ▪

measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar accuracy +/-5 %

Air Temperature: ▪ ▪

measurement range -40 - +125 °C accuracy +/- 0.5 °C

Brightness: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx accuracy +/- 5 % calculation using air pressure Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm Weight: 60 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude 12670-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00 TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02

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4 Biology 4.3 Behaviour

Behaviour 4.3.1

Behaviour

532

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 531

4.3 Behaviour 4.3.1 Behaviour

Wall contact searching in mice

Principle To record the amount of time spent by mice on a platform with and without walls divided into 49 squares numbered in sequence. Tasks 1. 2.

To compare the recorded distribution of staying places with calculated random distribution. To calculate the percentage diviation.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Behaviour of mice Search for wall contact Distribution of staying places Random distribution Percentage deviation

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4080100

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4.3 Behaviour 4.3.1 Behaviour

Learning and marking behaviour of mice

Principle To test the learning process in a simple Y-labyrinth (train to the left and right) and on a complicated high labyrinth. Tasks 1. 2.

To measure the time taken to cross the maze and the number of errors in relation to previous experience and scent marking. To draw learning curves for different labyrinths and animals.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Y-Labyrinth High Labyrinth Operative conditioning Learing curve Marking behaviour

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4080200

Learning performance of humans P4080300

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 533

4.3 Behaviour 4.3.1 Behaviour

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4 Biology 4.4 Sensory organs

Sensory organs 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3

Light sense Hearing sense Temperature sense

536 544 547

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 535

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Determination of the human visual field

Principle and tasks Determination of the visual field of the right and left eye for white, blue, red and green. Detection of any visual field deficiency (scotoma). Location of the blind spot (site of optic nerve emergence). The extent of the visual fields of both eyes and the position of the blind spot are determined with the aid of a perimeter. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Perimeter Visual field (for white, blue, red, green) Field of view Blind spot Scotoma Rods and cones

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4070200

Time resolving capability of the human eye P4070300

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4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Human electrooculography (EOG) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle To record the changes in the elctrical field induced by eye movements, using electrodes stuck to the skin near the eyes. Tasks To measure an electrooculogram (EOG) with a practised reader, a less practised (six year old) schoolchild and if possible, a test person who practises a rapid reading technique. To evaluate the rapid horizontal eye movements (sacchades) and the fixation periods. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Electrical field measurement Eye movements Dipole Sacchades Fixation period Practised reader versus schoolchild Rapid reading techniques

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4070511

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 537

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Additive colour mixing and colour masking

Principle Production of mixed colours and white light by superimposed projection (additive mixing) of red, blue, and green light. Tasks 1.

Brightening of the colour spot (white masking) or its surroundings (black masking) by means of white light.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Additive colour mixing Subtractive colour mixing Complementary colour Colour saturation White masking Black masking

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4070600

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4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Test of human reaction capacity

Principle and tasks Measurement of dead time in a reaction test. Analysis of the tansient response. Determination of threshold frequency for stimuli. Study of the effects of noise and alcohol on reaction capacity. The test subject should follow a rectangular curve on a slowly rotating drum, using a felt-tip pen inserted into a slit. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Reaction capacity Strobe drum Control loop Feedback reaction Dead time Follow-through time Threshold frequency

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4070400

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 539

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

The effect of gravity and centrifugal force on plants

Principle and tasks To measure the alignment of shoots and roots under the effect of centrifugal forces which are less than, equal to or greater than gravity. To raise sunflower seedlings in small beakers in a rotating drum. To set different centrifugal forces by changing the speed of rotation of the drum motor. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Positive geotropism of roots Negative geotropism of shoots Centrifugal force Rotational speed Statoliths

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4050200

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4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Optomotor response in insects

Principle Behavioural physiological measurement of the time resolving capacity of the compound eye of flies (without electrophysiological leads). Tasks 1.

To determine the ratio of right and left turns made by a fly attached to the centre of a strobe drum. The movements (optomotor response) indicate whether or not the fly can resolve the strobe pattern with the drum set at a constant speed.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Optomotor response Time resolving capability Compound eye Strobe drum Pattern frequency Left- and right-hand movements of flies

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4070100

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 541

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Electronystagmography

TESS Biology set 1 Glassware 13296-88 TESS Biology set 2 Equipment 13297-88 TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments 01845-02

TESS beginner natural sciences set Senses

Principle To record an electrocardiogram (ECG) between the left leg and the right and left arm (lead II according to Einthoven). Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Biologie Handbuch Cobra4 Elektrophysiologie:EKG, EMG, EOG 12673-11 TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG 12673-12 English P0873560

TESS Biology Introduction Sets

Function and Applications Set for student experiments, especially suitable for teaching of natural sciences in primary school and early secondary school. 15 experiments are described: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The tongue in the mirror Teamwork: how nose and tongue provide for taste A matter of taste: where does one taste what? Investigating skin Sense of touch Warm and cold Sound waves Music Orientation in space A view at the eye Close and far Candle on its head The blind spot Two eyes see more than one Optical illusions

Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪

Contains all necessary materials and description in a sturdy storage Included german handbook in color, DIN A5, ring binder Additional set for demonstration experiments and handbook with hints for teachers available.

Accessories ▪ ▪

TESS manual No. 13242-02, english supplementary set DEMO beginner set Senses, 13242-88

13241-88

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology EP

TESS Biology Introduction consists of two sets (Set 1 and Set 2), which enable the performance of 92 experiments. Both sets are needed.

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4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.1 Light sense

Function and Applications Complete instrument set and accessories to perform computer-assisted experiments in human and animal physiology of heart, muscle, eye.

▪ ▪

cable 3-pole diode plug

13760-00

Equipment and technical data ▪

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Wireless transmitter and receiver units to connect to the electrophysiology sensor and to a PC, can also be used for others sensors to measure parameters common in physics, chemistry, biology and medical education electrophysiology sensor-unit for ECG, EMG and EOG with connectors for three measurement leads three separate and shielded leads, color-coded (red, yellow, green) with 3.5 mm phone jacks to connect to the sensor-unit and 2 mm jacks to connect to reusable and disposable electrodes three reusable stainless steel ECG electrodes, contact area 30 x 80 mm with connector for leads three reusable EMG electrodes with cable and 2 mm connectors disposable electrodes (100/pkg), three crocodile clips for disposable electrodes, electrode gel to improve contact between electrodes and skin software for wireless and wired data acquisition, for data analysis,automatic sensor recognition, automatic setup of measurement parameters and integrated experiment instructions 68-page manual in German language with experimental literature storage box for instrument set and accessories.

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology EP 12673-88 TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG 12673-12

Brightness adjuster for 13760-88

Function und Applications Adjusting unit for a continuous variation of the intensity of illumination. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

3 outputs 0...12 V DC/4 A (diode sockets) Mains voltage 230 V/50 Hz housing dimensions (mm) 230×236×168 weight: 5,3 kg

13760-93

Three colour lamp

Strobe drum

Function and Applications

For color mixing experiments in conjunction with brightness plate.

To produce moving stimuli for the investigation of the resolving power of the eye, for testing human reaction capacity and as a type of centrifuge for investigating the effects of mass acceleration on plants and animals.

Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The three-colour lamp consists of three independent light sources of particularly high luminosity, mounted next to each other on a common support stand The three-colour lamp can be so adjusted, that the images it projects are completely separate, partly overlap (e. g. foradditive colour mixing) or completely overlap (as for colour masking) The filter slots accept up to three colourfilters placed one behind the other The image widths extend from a minimum of 50cm to several meters.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Diameter: 32 cm Circumference: 100 cm Height: 20 cm Pattern: 180 black stripes With drive belt

65976-00

Equipment and technical data ▪

3 halogen light bulbs, each with 12 V/50 W

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 543

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.2 Hearing sense

Hearing threshold and frequency differentiating threshold in humans (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks 1. 2.

Determine the hearing threshold for a number of frequencies in the hearing range of humans and plot a hearing threshold curve. Determine the frequency difference between two sounds of the same intensity which can just still be perceived as two different sounds (frequency differentiating threshold). Plot a curve of the frequency differentiating threshold.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪

Hearing threshold curve Frequency differentiation thresholds Hearing range

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4040211

excellence in science 544

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.2 Hearing sense

Acoustic orientation in space (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principles and tasks To localize a source of sound using an artificial head. To measure the time difference and the difference in intensity of the sound waves incident on each ear of the artificial head. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Spatial orientation Artificial head Acoustic probes Threshold angle Travelling time difference

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4040311

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 545

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.2 Hearing sense

Sine wave generator, 10 Hz - 20 KHz

Function and Applications For generation of sine wave signals for audiometry und acoustics. Benefits Connection for head phone (jacksocket) and loud speaker (4 mm output sockets), 4-digit digital display, Cut-off switch for the headphone Equipment and technical data 3 Frequency ranges: 10...200 Hz100...2000 Hz1...20 kHz, Max. output voltage:0...6 V for 4 Ohm0...10 V for > 20 Ohm, Output power: 1 W for 4 Ohm, Distortion factor (typical):< 1% for 1 kHz, Supply voltage:230 V AC/50...60 Hz 65960-93

Artificial head w/o microphones 65975-01

Measuring microphone w.amplifier

Function and Applications Electret capsule with 1.5 m long cable suitable for special investigations, e.g. point shaped plotting of soundfields. Equipment and technical data Frequency range 30 Hz ... 20 kHz, Sensitivity 6.0 mV/Pa at 1 kHz, Gain 0 ... 1000 in phase with sound signal, Signal output 4V max. at 3 Ohm, Dimensions: (mm) 120 x 25 x 60 Required accessory 9 V battery 03543-00

excellence in science 546

4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.3 Temperature sense

Changes in the blood flow during smoking (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle and exercises This experiment records how skin temperature changes with time when someone is smoking with the help of a temperature sensor and the Cobra3 interface. How the temperature curve differs should be discussed with reference to the tested persons' regular smoking habits. What you can learn about Skin temperature, Heavy and moderate smokers, Occasional smokers, Non-smokers Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4020440

Regulation of human body temperature (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks To prepare curves demonstrating the regulation of body temperature. To discuss different curves depending on the conditions at the hand of the test person. What you can learn about Body temperature regulation, Radiation, Evaporation, Skin temperature, Heating/cooling effects Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4060311

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4.4 Sensory organs 4.4.3 Temperature sense

Preferential temperature in insects

Principle and tasks To test the temperature demands of poikilothermic animals. Using their thermoreceptors the animals recognize the temperature which suits them, gather in an area at the corresponding temperature (thermotaxis) and thus show their preferred temperature. To produce a temperature gradient between approximately 45°C and 10°C using a ring shaped temperature organ. To record the positions of the individual animals. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Temperature optimum Poikilothermic animals Thermotaxis Phototaxis Thigmotaxis Torpor Environmental requirements Geographical seperation

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4060200

Effect of the soil temperature on the germination and growth of higher plants P4060100

excellence in science 548

4 Biology 4.5 Nerves and muscles

Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 4.5.2

Experiments with functional models Real Experiments

550 556

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4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Model experiment illustrating the development of resting potential (with Cobra4)

Principle and tasks The potential difference between two electrolyte concentrations separated by a membrane (cellophane or cation permeable) is detected by two silver chloride electrodes and measured with a mV meter. The measured and calculated values are compared. What we can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Selective ion permeability of membranes Resting potential Diffusion potential Asymmetry potential Silver chloride electrodes Ion pump

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4010462

excellence in science 550

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Neurobiology: the nerve cell

Principle and tasks To use a nerve function model to study the following aspects of a nerve cell: intercellular potential and actionpotential. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Comparison between low and high threshold levels Comparison between low and high stimulus levels Membrane time constant and low passfiltering Membrane time constant Low-pass filtering Excitatory Synapse Depolarisation Temporal summation Spatial summation Synaptic amplification by terminal branches Effect of decreasing stimulus Hebbian synapse Synaptic learning and forgetting Inhibitory synapse Hyperpolarization Spacial inhibitory-excitatory summation Veto synapse

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4010711

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4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Neurobiology: nerve cell interactions

Principle To use a nerve function model to study the following aspects of nerve cell interactions with other nerve cells or with motoric and sensoric cells: Renshaw inhibtion ▪ ▪ ▪

Motoneuron signals with recurrent inhibition by Renshaw cell Motoneuron signals without recurrent inhibition Functional characteristics of Renshaw inhibition

▪ ▪

Lateral inhibition Contrast improvement

Neuronal principles of classic conditioning ▪ ▪

Conditioned reflex Reversed stimulus succession does not bring about a conditioned reflex

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4010811

Neurobiology: neural networks P4010911

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4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection

Ussing chamber 65977-00 Membrane, permeable for cations, 5pcs 31504-02

Reference electrode, AgCl

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection is a measuring recorder for pH and potential measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller. Benefits: ▪ ▪

It can be fitted with a pH probe or Redoxmeasuring chain, in order to measure pH or potential values. The unit can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technicla data: pH: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...14pH Resolution: 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -2000...+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5% Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Weight: 70 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connector 12631-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00 Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02

Ussing chamber

Function and applications Recommended accessories for the measurement of electrochemical potentials in pH/potential measurements. Benefits ▪ ▪

Equipped with refillable Ag/AgCl electrolyte Suitable for use in conjunction with measuring electrodes (e.g. 45206-00) for pH, redox potential and ion-selective measurements

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Electrode with glass shaft and ceramic diaphragm Shaft diameter: 12 mm Shaft length: 120 mm Temperature range: -5 ... +80°C Cable length: 1 m

18475-00

Neurosimulator Handbook

01191-02

Function and Applications Ussing chamber, two polystyrene tubes with acrylic glass windows and flanges which can be screwed together. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Each container with abore for electrodes. vascular content 120ml measuring surface approx. 7 cm²

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4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Neurobiology Lab, 230 V

Neuro-simulator

Function and Applications Complete instrument set consisting of neuron unit, operating unit, computer interface, measure software for data acquisition and analysis, diverse cables, experiment manual describing 31 experiments. Benefits ▪ ▪

With the instrument set 13 experiments covering the topic "nerve cell" can be performed. Optional upgrade available to perform additional experiments about nerve cell interactions and neuronal networks.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Computer interface: 7 measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital inputs) one voltage output (5V and 0.2A) with 4mm sockets sampling rate 500 kHz and online frequency analyser.

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

▪ ▪ ▪

▪

simulates a generalised nerve cell with an apical dendrite and its synaptic contacts, a cell body (soma) and a nerve fibre (axon) with myelin sheathes and a Ranvier's ring. The dendrite comprises exciting, inhibiting, presynaptic and Hebbian synapses which are marked by the corresponding colours of the sockets. Here the axons end in presynaptic buttons. These are represented together with a part of the (afferent) fibre providing the signal. The connection between the (efferent) axon of a neuron unit which leads away or the stimulus output socket of the operating unit and a synapse is established by means of a white cable which is inserted into the desired synapse socket. The yellow sockets serve for the derivation of the state of excitement of the simulated neuron. They are connected to a computer interface. The action potentials can be made audible with the aid of the integrated acoustic monitor. The turning knob "S"serves for setting the "firing threshold" of the neuron.

▪ ▪ ▪

The dendrite comprises exciting, inhibiting, presynaptic and Hebbian synapses which are marked by the corresponding colours of the sockets here the axons end in presynaptic buttons these are represented together with a part of the (afferent) fibre providing the signal the connection between the (efferent) axon of a neuron unit which leads away or the stimulus output socket of the operating unit and a synapse is established by means of a white cable which is inserted into the desired synapse socket the yellow sockets serve for the derivation of the state of excitement of the simulated neuron they must be connected to suitable measuring instruments (e.g.oscilloscope) or a computer interface the action potentials can be made audible with the aid of the integrated acoustic monitor the turning knob "S" serves for setting the "firingthreshold" of the neuron.

Equipment and technical data Neurosimulator 1 Set of connecting cords: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Connection pipe, 6 cm, white Connection pipe, 15 cm, white Connection pipe, 50 cm, white Connection pipe, 50 cm, yellow Signal cable, 35 cm, grey

Required Accessories Operating device for the generation of stimuli and to power 65963-00

65963-11

excellence in science 554

Benefits

4 output channels which generate "muscle and sense signals", also serves as supply power to operate up to 4 neuron units.

Neuron unit: ▪

The neuron unit Neurosimulator simulates a generalised nerve cell with an apical dendrite and its synaptic contacts, acell body (soma) and a nerve fibre (axon) with myelin sheathes and a Ranvier's ring.

▪

Operating unit: ▪

Function and Applications

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.1 Experiments with functional models

Neuro-simulator, power supply

Function and Applications The operating unit comprises the power supply of up to four neuron units, three touch simulators with a variable stimulating intensity and an opticsensor. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪

The three touch simulators comprise a key button and a turning knob which serves for adjusting the intensity of stimulation (or the height of theprovided signal). The sign al is supplied as long as the stimulationkey remains pressed. The light sensitive photo sensor allows the simulation of a simple eye showing light dark signal.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Voltage output: + 9 V (for 4 Neurosimulator units maximum) Stimulus outputs 0...7 V Offset output -7 V Operating voltage 230 V, 50...60 Hz

65963-93

Additional nerve cell 65963-10

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 555

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.2 Real Experiments

Recording of nerve potentials after the electrical stimulation of an anaesthetised earthworm (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit

Principle and tasks To work on the following themes by measuring nerve and muscle potentials: The action of an anaesthetic, The different conduction velocities of median and lateral giant fibres, Refractory period of the median giant fibre What you can lern about Nerve and muscle potentials, Electrical stimulation, Anaesthetization of muscles, Electrical resistance of nerve fibres, Double pulse stimulation, Refractory period Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4010311

Recording of nerve and muscle potentials by mechanical stimulation at the rear end of an earthworm (Cobra3) P4010111 Recording of nerve and muscle potentials by mechanical stimulation at the front end of an earthworm (Cobra3) P4010211

excellence in science 556

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.2 Real Experiments

Human electrocardiography (ECG) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks To record an electrocardiogram (ECG) between the left leg and the right and left arm (lead II according to Einthoven). To relate the ECG segments to the course of heart contraction (P wave, P-Q segment, QRS complex, T wave). What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Electrocardiogram according to Einthoven II Heart rate Quiet and strained heart ECG segments Atria Ventricles AV nodes

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4020111

Electromyography (EMG) on the upper arm (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4030111

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 557

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.2 Real Experiments

Muscle stretch reflex and determination of the conducting velocity (with Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks To trigger a stretch reflex in the lower leg musculature by tapping the Achilles tendon (Achilles tendon reflex). To record the compound action potential and determine the reflex latency and the conduction velocity. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Electromyogram Muscle stretch reflex Achilles tendon Reflex latency Conduction velocity Jendrassik effect Facilitation

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4030211

Human electrooculography (EOG) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4070511

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4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.2 Real Experiments

We investigate our muscular power electromyography

The frequency range for the measurement can be pre selected to match the different biological current sources as in ECG, EMG, EEG, EOG, ENG. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Trigger input R < 220 Ohm Trigger output 5 V (TTL), 5 µs leading Operating voltage 230 V ± 50 -60 Hz Housing dimensions (cm) 20×14×13 Differential amplifier Input resistance 10 MOhm Input voltage 10 µV...100 mV Amplification stages ×100, ×1000 Frequency ranges of types of measurement: EEG, ENG, EOG 1...25 Hz ECG, ERG 0.5...75 Hz EMG 80 Hz...5 kHz Output voltage 10 V max Output resistance < 1 kOhm

Principle

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

To record an electrocardiogram (ECG) between the left leg and the right and left arm (lead II according to Einthoven).

65961-93

Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German

Stimuli generator

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Biologie Handbuch Cobra4 Elektrophysiologie:EKG, EMG, EOG 12673-11 TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG 12673-12 English P1350360 Function and Applications Demo advanced Chemistry / Biology Manual Cobra3 (C3BT)

The stimuli generator supplies square pulses of variable amplitude and pulse width, as a single pulse or double pulse (at a variable interval). Benefits

01320-02

▪ ▪

Biological amplifier ▪

A simple push on the start button triggers either a single or a double pulse. The instrument is primarily used for electrophysiological experiments and serves to trigger bioelectric signals such as action potentials. Two outputs are available for stimulation of the experimental animal and simultaneous measurement and presentation of the stimulating voltage.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Amplitude 0...9 V Pulse width 0...1 ms Double pulse spacing 0...10 ms Pulse triggering manual Operating voltage 230 V + 6%/ -10%,50-60 Hz Power consumption 3.5 VA Safety fuse M 0.05 A Housing dimensions (cm) 20×14×13

65962-93 Function and Applications With the aid of this biological amplifier a wide range of electrophysiological experiments can be carried out on human beings, insects and earthworms.

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 559

4.5 Nerves and muscles 4.5.2 Real Experiments

Earthworm experiment chamber

Function and Applications Basic apparatus set for the implementation of computer-supported, standard experiments on the following subjects: We examine our heartbeat (electrical cardiography); we determine our heart frequency; we examine our anatomical fitness (the heart under loading); we examine our physical strength (electromyography); we measure our eye movements (electro-oculography); we measure our reading rate (reading competence), electronystagmography

Function and Applications The earthworm experiment chamber is used for non-harming neurophysiological experiments on earthworms. The worm is placed in a channel which can be closed by an acrylic glass cover, which has holes in it for inserting a bristle etc. The channel in which the worm lies has along row of 23 pin electrodes which can be connected to the biological amplifier by means of special cables. The experimental data is displayed either on a computer screen or by a storage oscilloscope. The experiment does not harm the earthworm in any way. Much information can be obtained by using the worm as it is and irritating it with a softbristle. Some phenomena can only be measured, or at least be better measured, however, using electrical stimulation (requires a stimuli generator). For this it is necessary to anaesthetise the worm for a short time. Equipment and technical data ▪

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology EP 12673-88 Shielded leads for electrophysiology, color-coded, 3/pkg 12673-01 Electrodes for ECG Sensor, 100 pcs. 12559-01 Crocodile clips for disposable electrodes, 3/pkg 12673-02

Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V.

16506-02

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electrophysiology: EKG, EMG, EOG

Dimensions (cm) 32×6×4

65981-20

Stimulus bristle, triggering

Function and Applications Equipment and technical data ▪ connecting cable 1 m, with two 4 mm plugs ▪ with switch key for triggering the biological amplifier

To perform electrophysiological, noninvasive, measurements of heart, eye and muscle activities. Benefits ▪

65981-21

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology

▪ ▪

The measurement electrodes are connected to 3,5-mm jacks using three separate and shielded measurement cords. The sensor can be connected to a PC wirelesslink or to a USB-port. Requires measurement cords and ECG and/or EMG/EOG electrodes.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measurement mode: permanent measurement Operation with three separate and shielded measurement cords Maximum data through put: 1000 Hz Signal filter: ECG filter: 0,03 Hz to 20 Hz with 450-fold magnification, EMG filter: 80 Hz to 5000 Hz with 1600-fold magnification, EOG filter: 0,03 Hz to 10 Hz with 800-fold magnification Galvanic separation with 4000 V Dimensions: 62 mm x 110 mm x 35 mm Weight: 0.3 kg

12673-00

excellence in science 560

4 Biology 4.6 Respiration and circulation

Respiration and circulation 4.6.1 4.6.2

Respiration Blood circulation

562 565

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4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.1 Respiration

Volumetric measurement of breathing in small animals

Principle Volumetric measurement of the oxygen consumption of an animal enclosed in a temperature-controlled spirometer. Absorption of the exhaled carbon dioxide using concentrated potassium hydroxide solution. Tasks 1.

Measure the oxygen consumption of insects in relation to ambient temperature and body weight.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Oxygen consumption Volumetric measurement Respirometer Carbon dioxide consumption Compensation vessel Q10 value

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4090100

excellence in science 562

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.1 Respiration

Measurement of the human respiratory rate (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks The number of inhalations per unit time is dependent on many factors, such as capacity of the lungs, health condition and activity. Tasks 1.

The respiratory frequencies before and after bodily exertion are to be measured and compared.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Respiratory frequency Chest pressure measurement Breathing in resting postion In slight and strong exertion Eupnea Diaphragmatic and thoracic respiration

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4090211

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4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.1 Respiration

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Spirometry

measuring range (accuracy): -15... +15 l/s (3 %)

12675-00

excellence in science 564

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

Human electrocardiography (ECG) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Electrocardiogram according to Einthoven II Heart rate Quiet and strained heart ECG segments Atria Ventricles AV nodes

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4020111

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 565

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

Phonocardiography: Cardiac and vascular sonic measurement (PCG) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks: Cardiac and vascular sonic measurement at different locations of the circulatory system. Measurement of the pulse rate at different levels of athletic loading. What you can learn about: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Pulse Throat and chest sonic measurement Quiet and strained heart Contracting tune Systole Flapping sound Diastole

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4020211

excellence in science 566

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

Blood pressure measurement (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle and tasks To prepare a plot of blood pressure measurement and to read the values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure Measuring cuff Blood pulse waves

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4020311

Changes in the blood flow during smoking (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4020440

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 567

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

We investigate our heartbeat - electrocardiography

▪

Requires measurement cords and ECG and/or EMG/EOG electrodes.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ 1. 2. 3. ▪ ▪ ▪

Measurement mode: permanent measurement Operation with three separate and shielded measurement cords Maximum data through put: 1000 Hz Signal filter: ECG filter: 0,03 Hz to 20 Hz with 450-fold magnification EMG filter: 80 Hz to 5000 Hz with 1600-fold magnification EOG filter: 0,03 Hz to 10 Hz with 800-fold magnification Galvanic separation with 4000 V Dimensions: 62 mm x 110 mm x 35 mm Weight: 0.3 kg

12673-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse Principle To record an electrocardiogram (ECG) between the left leg and the right and left arm (lead II according to Einthoven). Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Biologie Handbuch Cobra4 Elektrophysiologie:EKG, EMG, EOG 12673-11 TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG 12673-12 English P1332760

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electrophysiology: EKG, EMG, EOG

Function Sensor of the Cobra4 family for measuring the heart rate on the ear or finger. Measurement of the signal amplitude and the heart rate. All Cobra4 sensors can be connected directly to the Cobra4 WirelessLink, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/lockable connection. Technical specifications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Range 40...240 pulses/minute Accuracy 2% Including ear clip (cable length: 1 m) Digital and graphical display of theheart rate Size: 60 x 70 x 35 mm Weight: 100 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse, Heart rate, incl. ear clip 12672-00 Ear clip for Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse 12672-10

TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG Function and Applications To perform electrophysiological, noninvasive, measurements of heart, eye and muscle activities. Benefits ▪ ▪

The measurement electrodes are connected to 3,5-mm jacks using three separate and shielded measurement cords. The sensor can be connected to a PC wirelesslink or to a USB-port.

excellence in science 568

12673-12

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology EP

Function and Applications Complete instrument set and accessories to perform computer-assisted experiments in human and animal physiology of heart, muscle, eye. Equipment and technical data ▪

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Wireless transmitter and receiver units to connect to the electrophysiology sensor and to a PC, can also be used for others sensors to measure parameters common in physics, chemistry, biology and medical education electrophysiology sensor-unit for ECG, EMG and EOG with connectors for three measurement leads three separate and shielded leads, color-coded (red, yellow, green) with 3.5 mm phone jacks to connect to the sensor-unit and 2 mm jacks to connect to reusable and disposable electrodes three reusable stainless steel ECG electrodes, contact area 30 x 80 mm with connector for leads three reusable EMG electrodes with cable and 2 mm connectors disposable electrodes (100/pkg) three crocodile clips for disposable electrodes, electrode gel to improve contact between electrodes and skin software for wireless and wired data acquisition, for data analysis,automatic sensor recognition, automatic setup of measurement parameters and integrated experiment instructions 68-page manual in German language with experimental literature storage box for instrument set and accessories.

12673-88

Experiment kit artificial blood to determine blood groups AB and Rh 64241-00 Refill pack f. experiment kit "artificial blood" 64241-01 Blood grouping, stud.kit 87973-00 Eldon cards for Blood grouping 87973-01 Blood grouping ABO+Rh, student kit for 50 determinations 87973-20

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 569

4.6 Respiration and circulation 4.6.2 Blood circulation

excellence in science 570

4 Biology 4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion

Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.1 4.7.2

Food analysis and production Digestion, excretion

572 574

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4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.1 Food analysis and production

Dissolved components in different waters

Drinking water is one of the most important things our bodies need. Dissolved salts in various samples of water, mineral water, tap water, rain water, etc. are invisible but they can in certain circumstances greatly affect the quality of the water and its taste. Such contents can be brought to light by allowing the water itself to evaporate. This allows for a qualitative comparison of the salt contents in the various water samples. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS Chemie Handbuch Allgemeine und anorganische Chemie 1 01835-01 German

Parallel experiments will be conducted to compare the fermentation of fruit juice and sugar solution using wine yeast. The speed of fermentation of the sugar solution can be increased by adding minerals. The fermentation tube can be placed on top of a variety of vessels with a neck capable of accommodating rubber stopper of size SB29. It is filled with calcium hydroxide solution and exhibits formation of CO2 when the solution becomes turbid. Literature for this experiment as follows:

TESS Chemistry manual Inorganic Chemistry 1 01835-02 English

TESS Chemie Handbuch Organische Chemie 01837-01 German

TESS advanced Química manual Química Generale Inorgánica 1 01835-04 Spanish

TESS Chemistry manual Organic Chemistry 01837-02 English

TESS Chemie Handbuch Chemie 01841-01 German

TESS Chemistry manual Chemistry 01841-02 English

TESS advanced Química manual Química General,Inorgánica e Orgánica 01841-04 Spanish

TESS advanced Química manual Química General,Inorgánica e Orgánica 01841-04 Spanish P1037800

P1027200

excellence in science 572

Alcoholic fermentation

4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.1 Food analysis and production

TESS Biology Introduction Sets

TESS Chemistry Food Chemistry sets

Function and Applications The chemistry equipment system Food Chemistry consists of 2 interdependent equipments sets which are required to perform 52 experiments. TESS Chemistry set 5 Food Chemistry 13294-88 TESS Chemistry set 2 Basic Set 13298-88

TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments TESS Chemistry manual Food Chemistry 01845-02 01839-02

Demo advanced Chemistry / Biology Manual Cobra3 (C3BT)

01320-02

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4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.2 Digestion, excretion

Glycolysis (temperature measurement) (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle Glykolyse (measurement of temperature) Tasks 1. 2.

To depict the increase in temperature, which results, when yeast cells ferment sugar. To compare the temperature curves of the solutions with and without yeast.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Glycolysis Yeast fermentation of sugar Temperature measurement Respiration energy

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4110540

excellence in science 574

4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.2 Digestion, excretion

Determination of the Michaelis constant (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solution liberates carbon dixide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conductivity of the solution. Conductivity measurements can so be made to determine the rate of hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease at various substrate concentrations. Tasks 1.

The Michaelis constant can then be calculated from these values.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Michaelis constant Enzymatic hydrolysis of urea Conductivity measurement Bodenstein principle Enzyme-substrate complex Lineweaver-Burk plot

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120340

Determination of the Michaelis constant (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4120311

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 575

4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.2 Digestion, excretion

The enzymatic activity of catalase (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Determination of the enzymatic activity of catalase. Tasks 1. 2.

The examine the enzymatic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, a cell respiratory poison, in the liver. To investigate the influence of the temperature and pH on the metabolic activity.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Enzyme catalase Decomposition of H2O2 Poisonous by-product of cell respiration Influence of temperature and pH

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120611

excellence in science 576

4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.2 Digestion, excretion

Digestion in the stomach

The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach. The gastric juices contain the enzyme pepsin along with diluted hydrochloric acid, which activates the enzyme from its precursor, pepsinogen. In the experiment, boiled fish is added to test tubes with water, enzyme solution, hydrochloric acid plus a mixture of enzyme solution and hydrochloric acid. In order to simulate the body temperature, the test tubes are placed in a large glass beaker which serves as a simple water bath. After a few hours, it is clearly evident that proteins break down only in the preparation with both pepsin and hydrochloric acid. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS Biologie Handbuch Ökologie 01845-01 German TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments 01845-02 English TESS advanced Biología manual 01845-04 Spanish P1344300

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 577

4.7 Our food - analysis, production, digestion 4.7.2 Digestion, excretion

Determination of the Michaelis constant with the Basic-Unit

The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solution liberates carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conductivity of the solution. Conductivity measurements can so be made to determine the rate of hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease at various substrate concentrations. The Michaelis constant can then be calculated from these values. Literature for this experiment as follows: Demo advanced Chemie / Biologie Handbuch Cobra3 (C3BT) 01320-01 German Demo advanced Chemistry / Biology Manual Cobra3 (C3BT) 01320-02 English P1369830

excellence in science 578

4 Biology 4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism

Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.8.3 4.8.4 4.8.5

General Growth, development Water balance Mineral balance Gas balance

580 585 587 588 589

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 579

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 General

Ionic permeability of the cell membrane (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle The cell membrane regulates the transport of nutrients and water into the cell, and of waste products and water out of the cell. This can take place passively, e.g. on the basis of osmotic processes (differences in concentration), as well as actively. Tasks In this experiment, the selective permeability of an artificial cell membrane (dialysis tube) for H+ and OH- inons is to be examined. What you can learn about Ionic permeability, Artificial cell membrane, Dialysis tube, H+ ions , OH- ions, Osmotic processes Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120211

Ionic permeability of the cell membrane (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4120240 Substrate inhibition of enzymes (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4120411 Substrate inhibition of enzymes (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4120440

excellence in science 580

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 General

Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

Principle The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solutions liberates carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conducitivity of the solution. Tasks 1.

Conductivity measurements enable the rate of hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease to be determined. The addition of an appropriate inhibitor poisons the enzyme, so that it no longer converts substrate.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Poisoning of enzymes Enzymatic hydrolysis of urea Silver nitrate inhibition of urease Conducivitiy measurement

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120540

Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4120511

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 581

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 General

The enzymatic activity of catalase (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Determination of the enzymatic activity of catalase. Tasks 1. 2.

The examine the enzymatic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, a cell respiratory poison, in the liver. To investigate the influence of the temperature and pH on the metabolic activity.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Enzyme catalase Decomposition of H2O2 Poisonous by-product of cell respiration Influence of temperature and pH

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120611

excellence in science 582

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 General

Ionic permeability of the cell membrane

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English P1521762

Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology (Cobra3)

The cell membrane controls the transport of nutrients and water into the cell, and of waste products and water out of the cell. This can take place passively, e.g. on the basis of osmotic processes (concentration differences) as well as actively. In this experiment, the selective permeability of an artificial cell membrane (dialysis tube) for H+ and OH- ions is to be examined. Scope of delivery: ▪

▪ ▪ ▪

Wireless transmitter and receiver units to connect to the conductivity sensor and to a PC, can also be used for others sensors to measure parameters common in physics, chemistry, biology and medical education Sensor-Unit conductivity/ temperature Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 Data acquisition and analysis software Literature for this experiment as follows:

Demo advanced Biologie Handbuch Cobra4Biochemie & Pflanzenphysiologie 01331-01 German Demo advanced Biology Manual Cobra4 Biochemistry & plant physiology 01331-02 English

Function and Applications Instrument set to perform the following experiments: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data: The instrument set consists of: ▪

P1369760 ▪ ▪

Impact of the forest type on humidity, temperature and brightness Principle Various types of woodland exhibit different sorts of climate data. Temperature, humidity and lighting conditions do not only depend on meteorological factors but also on the nature of the vegetation. The density of the tree canopy determines how much light can penetrate and therefore affects the temperature. The low density of vegetation on a managed highland forestry estate (often beech forests at European latitudes) also affects the movement of winds in the forest, which also affects humidity. In this outdoor experiment, we will be conducting measurements on various types of woodland during the same day and at approximately the same time in order to eliminate meteorological differences as far as possible. Literature for this experiment as follows:

Photosynthesis Transpiration of leaves Glycolysis Ionic permeability of the cell membrane Determination of the Michaelisconstant Substrate inhibition of enzymes Enzyme inhibition Enzymatic activity of catalase

Computer interface for data acquisision with 7 measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital inputs), one voltage output (5V and 0.2A) with 4mm sockets sampling rate 500 kHz online frequency analyser

Sensors for: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Temperature -20...110°C pH/potential Conductivity Pressure

▪ ▪

Software for data analysis Lamp socket with reflector, diameter 20 cm, and 120 W filament lamp special glasware special stand material for the experiment setups

▪ ▪

Required Accessories: ▪

Standard lab equipment and chemicals.

Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology (Cobra3) 65980-88 Standard labware set for Biochemistry & plant physiology, 230 V 65980-77

TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 583

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.1 General

Basic set Cobra4 Biochemistry and plant physiology

Function and Applications: Instrument set with the wireless computer interface Cobra4 to perform the following experiments: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Photosynthesis (2 methods) Transpiration of leaves Glycolysis (2 methods) Ionic permeability of the cell membrane Determination of the Michaelis constant Enzyme inhibition Substrate inhibition of enzymes Enzymatic activity of catalase

Scope of delivery: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 wireless computer interface for data acquisition Sensors to measure temperature, pH, conductivity, light intensity and pressure Lamp socket with reflector (diameter 20 cm) and 120 W filament lamp special glassware special stand material for the experiment setups experiment manual, English language (56pages, in color)

The "measure Cobra4" software (single user and school license) is not included. Standard lab equipment and chemicals are required additionally. Features: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Ten experiments in one set Uniform computer interface Flexible experimenting thanks to wireless data transmission Compact setup Reliable and reproducible results All components in one package For both demonstration and student experiments

Basic set Cobra4 Biochemistry and Plant physiology 65982-89 TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 Demo advanced Biology Manual Cobra4 Biochemistry & plant physiology 01331-02

Laboratory Experiments Biol., L.V.

16506-02

excellence in science 584

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.2 Growth, development

Effect of the soil temperature on the germination and growth of higher plants

Principle and tasks To investigate the effect of soil temperature on the germination of garden cress (Lepidium sativum). To determine the most favourable value for the germination and growth of cress using a temperature organ. What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Plant germination Temperature optimum/ maximum/ minimum Soil temperature Temperature preferendum

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4060100

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 585

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.2 Growth, development

Changes of the light conditions in a deciduous forest

TESS Biology Intoduction

Function and Applications In connection with Box 2,enables the performance of 92 experiments on the following themes: We study plants and animals(18 experiments) Germination of seeds and growth of plants (17 experiments) Our environment and dangers to it(9 experiments) Our foods and their digestion(11 experiments) Respiration and blood (6 exp.)Sense organs (11 experiments) Plant metabolism (12 experiments) Reproduction and development(8 experiments) Equipment and technical data The set consists of the following items including solid

Principle Why are there only a few different kinds of plants in a deciduous forest? Except for having trees that are all approximately of the same height, hardly any other plants grow in a deciduous forest, except for young plants of the same type of trees. This experiment shows how the light intensity in a mixed forest of oaks and beeches changes in the spring during the foliation of the trees. It also demonstrates the effects on the vegetation. Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1520762

excellence in science 586

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

stackable storage box with moulded foam insert Funnel,glass,top dia.80mm Watch glass,dia.60mm 3x Glass beaker,tall,100ml Glass beaker,tall,250ml 2xGlass beaker,tall,600ml Glass beaker,tall,1000ml Erlenmeyer flask,narrow n.,100ml Erlenmeyer fl.,narrow n.,250ml 2x Graduated pipette,1ml Graduated pipette, 10 ml Graduated cylinder, 100 ml Glass tubes,straight,l=80mm,10pcs Test tubes 160x16mm,10pcs Students thermometer,-10...+110°C Glass rod,l=200mm,d=5mm,10 pcs Glass rod,l=300mm,d=7mm,10 pcs Bottle,narr.mouth,100ml,clear 5x Petri dish,d=100mm 6x Glass tube, l=200mm, ext.dia.8mm Glass tube, l=300mm, d=38/35mm

TESS Biology set 1 Glassware 13296-88 TESS Biology set 2 Equipment 13297-88 TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments 01845-02

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.3 Water balance

Transpiration of leaves (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Transpiration of leaves. Tasks 1. 2.

To prepare diagrams to illustrate the transpiration of plants. To discuss the reasons of the differences of the pressure curve decrease.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Transpiration Water and nutrients transport Influence of wind Temperature Humidity and type of leaves

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4110311

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 587

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.4 Mineral balance

Salinity of soils and plant substrates

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes

How suitable are certain soils and plant substrates for the nutrition of plants? This experiment is about measuring the conductivity, which in turn provides information as to which of the examined soils and plant substrates already contain nutrient salts for plant growth and to which of them nutrients should be added in the form of fertilisers. Plants obtain their nutrients in the form of ions from the salts in the soil. The most important nutrients of a total of 16 nutrients that a plant needs forits growth are nitrogen in the form of nitrates and ammonium, phosphor in the form of phosphates, and potassium in the form of potassium salts. In addition, the soils also require lime (calcium carbonate) in order to avoid acidification (decrease of the pH). For agricultural production, these nutrients are added to the soil via inorganic fertilisers, while potting compost with fertilisers is used for house plants. Literature for this experiment as follows:

Function and Applications

TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Applied Sciences Handbuch Cobra4 Umwelt und Freiland 12622-01 German TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02 English P1521162

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity/Temperature with stainless steel electrodes can be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliableplug-in / lockable connection. Benefits ▪

Particularly good application for school and outdoor experimentation, as the measuring gauge is already firmly connected.

Equipment and technical data Conductivity: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0.2 µS/cm...200 mS/cm Measuring accuracy: 6% of the measuringvalue ± 0,2µS/cm Resolution: 0.1 µS/cm, 1 µS/cm, 10µS/cm, 100 µS/cm

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0 to 100°C Measuring accuracy: ± 0.8°C Resolution: 0.1°C Data flow rate: 1 Hz Connecting port: sub-D-15 pole Measuring electrode length, diameter,electrode spacing: 7 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm Cable length: 60 cm Weight: 85 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes 12633-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00

excellence in science 588

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.5 Gas balance

The twenty-four-hour rhythm of an aquatic plant (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit)

This day and night rhythm in an aquatic plant has to be followed over a longer period by pH measurements.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Photosynthesis Daylight reaction Dark reaction Diurnal rhythm Nocturnal rhythm pH measurement Carbon dioxide consumption and production

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4100840

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 589

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.5 Gas balance

Photosynthesis (bubble-counting-method) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Photosynthesis (bubble counting method) Tasks 1. 2.

To measure the dependence of photosynthesis on light by counting the oxygen bubbles given off by an aquatic plant. To investigate the influence of the carbon dioxide content of the water on the rate of photosynthesis.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪

Dependence of photosynthesis on light and carbon dioxide content Oxygen bubble counting Lux measurement

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4110111

Photosynthesis (O2 pressure measurement) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4110211 Glycolysis (pressure measurement, with Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4110411

Glycolysis (temperature measurement) (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4110540

excellence in science 590

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.5 Gas balance

Glycolysis (temperature measurement, with Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Glykolyse (measurement of temperature) Tasks 1. 2.

To depict the increase in temperature, which results, when yeast cells ferment sugar. To compare the temperature curves of the solutions with and without yeast.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Glycolysis Yeast fermentation of sugar Temperature measurement Respiration energy

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4110511

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 591

4.8 Plants, growth, development, metabolism 4.8.5 Gas balance

Photosynthesis (bubble-counting-method)

To measure the dependence of photosynthesis on light by counting the oxygen bubbles given off by an aquatic plant. Literature for this experiment as follows: Demo advanced Biologie Handbuch Cobra4Biochemie & Pflanzenphysiologie 01331-01 German Demo advanced Biology Manual Cobra4 Biochemistry & plant physiology 01331-02 English P1360860

Photosynthesis (O2 pressure measurement) (with Cobra4) P1351360

Cobra4 Sensors Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude 12670-00 Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni 12638-00 Cobra4 Wireless Manager 12600-00 Cobra4 Wireless-Link 12601-00

excellence in science 592

4 Biology 4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray

Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, Xray 4.9.1 4.9.2 4.9.3

Biochemistry Microbiology and biotechnology X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

594 600 602

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 593

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Amino acid molecules carry both acid and amino groups. They can therefore form both acidic anions and basic cations. The pH at which these two types of iones are both present in the same concentration is called the isoelectric point. Tasks 1.

This isoelectric point is to be determined by recording the titration curve for the amino acid glycine.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Isoelectric point Acidic anions Basic cations Zwitterions Equivalence (inflection) points pKs value Titration Motor piston burette

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120111

Determination of the isoelectric point of an amino acid (glycine) (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4120140

excellence in science 594

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

Ionic permeability of the cell membrane (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

In this experiment, the selective permeability of an artificial cell membrane (dialysis tube) for H+ and OH- inons is to be examined.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Ionic permeability Artificial cell membrane Dialysis tube H+ ions OH- ions Osmotic processes

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120211

Ionic permeability of the cell membrane (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4120240

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 595

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

Determination of the Michaelis constant (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

The Michaelis constant can then be calculated from these values.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Michaelis constant Enzymatic hydrolysis of urea Conductivity measurement Bodenstein principle Enzyme-substrate complex Lineweaver-Burk plot

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120311

Determination of the Michaelis constant (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) P4120340

excellence in science 596

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

Substrate inhibition of enzymes (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) Principle The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solution liberates carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conductivity of the solution. Tasks 1.

Conductivity measurements enable the rate of hydrolysis of urea by the enzyme urease to be determined at various substrate concentrations. Inhibition of the enzyme by the substrate occures at excessive substrate concentrations.

What you can learn about Substrate inhibition Enzymolysis of urea Conductivity-time plot Reaction velocity of enzymatic hydrolysis

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120440

Substrate inhibition of enzymes (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4120411

Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) (with the Cobra3 Chem-Unit) Principle The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea in aqueous solutions liberates carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ions of these compounds increase the conducitivity of the solution. Tasks 1.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Poisoning of enzymes Enzymatic hydrolysis of urea Silver nitrate inhibition of urease Conducivitiy measurement

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120540

Enzyme inhibition (poisoning of enzymes) (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit) P4120511

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 597

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

The enzymatic activity of catalase (with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit)

Principle Determination of the enzymatic activity of catalase. Tasks 1. 2.

The examine the enzymatic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, a cell respiratory poison, in the liver. To investigate the influence of the temperature and pH on the metabolic activity.

What you can learn about ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Enzyme catalase Decomposition of H2O2 Poisonous by-product of cell respiration Influence of temperature and pH

Literature for this experiment as follows: Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02 English P4120611

excellence in science 598

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.1 Biochemistry

Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology (Cobra3)

Basic set Cobra4 Biochemistry and plant physiology

Function and Applications: Function and Applications Instrument set to perform the following experiments: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data: The instrument set consists of: ▪ ▪ ▪

Computer interface for data acquisision with 7 measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital inputs), one voltage output (5V and 0.2A) with 4mm sockets sampling rate 500 kHz online frequency analyser

Sensors for: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Temperature -20...110°C pH/potential Conductivity Pressure

▪ ▪

Software for data analysis Lamp socket with reflector, diameter 20 cm, and 120 W filament lamp special glasware special stand material for the experiment setups

▪ ▪

Required Accessories: ▪

Standard lab equipment and chemicals.

65980-88

Instrument set with the wireless computer interface Cobra4 to perform the following experiments: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Scope of delivery: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The "measure Cobra4" software (single user and school license) is not included. Standard lab equipment and chemicals are required additionally. Features: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Basic set Cobra4 Biochemistry and Plant physiology 65982-89 Standard labware set for Biochemistry & plant physiology, 230 V 65980-77

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 599

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.2 Microbiology and biotechnology

Bacteria and mining - microbial extraction of ore by Thiobacillus ferrooxidians and thiooxidans

Microbial synthesis of ethanol by Zymomonas mobilis subsp. mobilis

Principle Principle Scientists first recognised importance of certain bacteria for the extraction of metals from ore in the 1950s. Nowadays the microbial ore leaching with so-called 'lean ores' represents more than 10% of the total production of copper in the USA alone. The bioreactor shown here can be used to clearly demonstrate to the students this method of extraction (e.g. copper from copper ore) using such bacteria (Thiobacillus ferrooxidans). Literature for this experiment as follows: Demo advanced Chemie Handbuch Komplettversuche (CET) 01855-01 German Complete Experiments Chemistry/Biotechnology 01855-02 English P1313900

The properties of the micro-organism Zymomonas mobilis have been used in the production of alcohol for centuries. Nevertheless, the bacterium in palm wine and pulque, the fermented juice of the agave plant, was not identified and recognised as being responsible for their alcoholic fermentation until the twentieth century. Zymomonas was found to synthesize ethanol much more effectively than yeast does. In this experiment, Zymomonas mobilis is grown in a bioreactor. The medium is blended by means of a magnetic stirrer and its temperature is controlled by means of a heating coil and a water bath with thermostats. The discharge of used medium and the supply of fresh medium can be dispensed with. This is a so-called 'static culture' (batch culture). The cell density can first be determined photometrically in the samples taken and the cell count can be determined in the counting chamber, and those data can be used to generate a growth curve. Chemical and enzymatic tests show the consumption of glucose and the production of ethanol. The experiment is easy to perform. It does not take long to prepare. The evaluation of the test results is very conclusive and clearly illustrates the methods of biotechnology. Literature for this experiment as follows: Demo advanced Chemie Handbuch Komplettversuche (CET) 01855-01 German Complete Experiments Chemistry/Biotechnology 01855-02 English P1313700

Fermentation of molasses to ethanol with yeast P1313600

excellence in science 600

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.2 Microbiology and biotechnology

TESS Biology Introduction Set 1

Function and Applications In connection with Box 2, this set enables the performance of 92 experiments on the following themes: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

We study plants and animals (18 exp.) Germination of seeds and growth of plants (17 exp.) Our environment and threats (9 exp.) Food and digestion (11 exp.) Respiration and blood (6 exp.) Sense organs (11 exp.) Plant metabolism (12 exp.) Reproduction and development (8 exp.)

Equipment and technical data The set consists of the following items including solid ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

TESS Biology set 1 Glassware 13296-88 TESS advanced Biology manual students experiments 01845-02 TESS Biology set 2 Equipment 13297-88

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 601

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.3 X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set

▪ ▪ ▪

Accessories are always ready at hand Utensils are stored safely Dust-free storage

Equipment and technical data The set includes the following components: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

XR 4.0 X-ray expert unit, 09057-99 XR 4.0 X-ray plug-in unit with a tungsten X-ray tube, 09057-80 "measure X-ray", 14407-61 XR 4.0 X-ray slide mounts for the optical bench, 4 pieces, 09057-19 XR 4.0 X-ray fluoroscopic screen, 09057-26 XR 4.0 X-ray protective sheath, 09057-49

Recommended upgrade sets for various applications and topics

Function and Applications Basic set covering the fundamental principles and areas of applications of X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy experiments and X-ray photography. It can be extended by upgrade sets for specific applications and topics. Benefits Safety concept complying with the applicable standards and regulations ▪ ▪

▪

The set complies with all of the German (X-ray ordinance, RÖV) and European regulations for radiation protection. Type approval by the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection (Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BFS) concerning the use of the unit at schools and universities in Germany (not subject to approval, but to reporting). (Type approval submitted.) Lead-enforced acrylic glass windows as a shield against the X-rays (breakproof in accordance with DIN/EN 61010)

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

XRW 4.0 X-ray wireless demonstration upgrade set, 09115-88 XRP 4.0 X-ray solid state upgrade set, 09120-88 XRC 4.0 X-ray characteristics upgrade set, 09130-88 XRS 4.0 X-ray structural analysis upgrade set, 09140-88 XRI 4.0 X-ray imaging upgrade set, 09150-88 XRM 4.0 X-ray material analysis upgrade set, 09160-88 XRD 4.0 X-ray dosimetry and radiation damage upgrade set, 09170-88 XRT 4.0 X-ray Computer Tomography upgrade set, 09180-88

09110-88

XRI 4.0 X-ray imaging upgrade set

S-Lock - PHYWE's safety lock ▪ ▪

electro-mechanical system for maximum security Prevents door opening during X-ray emission by multiple safety circuits

MultiLINK ▪ ▪ ▪

External socket panel Easy and safe connection of PHYWE components, such as the X-ray energy detector (09058-30) and other standard devices, e.g. digital cameras USB 2.0, N2, BNC, XRED,...

Plug & measure ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Self-calibrating goniometer (option) safe and easy handlich collision protected goniometer Protects expensive equipment: GM counter tube and X-ray energy detector (XRED)

Tube XChange Technology ▪ ▪ ▪

Quick-change technology for four different X-ray tubes (W, Cu, Mo, and Fe) adjustment free Complete protection against touching hot parts

XXL Chamber ▪ ▪

Particularly spacious experiment chamber for sophisticated setups Integrated optical bench for the easy and reproducible set-up of experiments (can be extended to the outside)

Function and Applications Upgrade set as an extension of the XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set (09110-88). This set is particularly suitable for studying the fundamental principles of X-ray imaging in medical applications (radiography) and material science (non-destructive testing). The set covers the following experiments and topics: ▪ ▪

Fluoroscopy experiments and X-ray photography Radiography experiments on various different models

Benefits ▪ ▪

Direct, digital image recording - state of-the-art technology Familiarisation with the radiography technology in medical applications in a technically particularly easy and intuitive way

Equipment and technical data The set includes the following components: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

09057-22 XR 09057-21 XR 09058-06 XR periments 09058-07 XR

3View ▪

Observation through windows on three sides; optimal for the transparent execution of experiments

Lockable tray for accessories

excellence in science 602

09150-88

4.0 X-ray fluoroscopy object 4.0 X-ray optical bench, external 4.0 X-ray blood vessel model for contrast media ex4.0 X-ray implant model for X-ray images

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.3 X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

XRT 4.0 X-ray Computer Tomography upgrade set

XRD 4.0 X-ray dosimetry and radiation damage upgrade set

Function and Applications Upgrade set as an extension of the XRE 4.0 expert set (09110-88). To perform X-ray imaging (radiography), and X-ray Computer Tomography (CT) experiments. Particularly suitable for experiments in lab courses and lectures in physics, medical education and material sciences.This set covers the following experiments and topics: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

X-ray imaging of biological and technical samples NDT (Nondestructive testing) X-ray Computer Tomography (CT) in medicine, engineering and material sciences Digital geometry processing to generate a three-dimensional image of an object Volumetric (3D) reconstruction, included rendering

Features and Benefits ▪

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Direct aquisition of the X-ray images by a direct X-ray direct digital image sensor: - No extra flourescent screnn is neccessary - Experimentation under daylight conditions High-performance CMOS image sensors for the direct digital Xray radiography to create superior image quality, high resolution, and large active area images based on CMOS technology. X-ray computer tomography (CT) is based on the X-ray direct digital image sensor, the Z-axis rotation unit and the powerful measure XRt tomography software package. Z-axis rotation of the sample to be analysed: Movement of the sample is not influenced by gravitational effects, rigid bodies of flexible size can be analysed on a simple way. Acquisition of high resolution CT scan, 360° image stack within 10 minutes (one frame per second, one degree per frame)

Function and Applications Upgrade set as an extension of the XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set (09110-88). This set is particularly suitable for studying the influence of X-rays on biological media. The set covers the following experiments and topics: ▪ ▪ ▪

Dosimetry Degradation and damage caused by X-rays Ionisation of the air by X-rays

Equipment and technical data The set includes the following components: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

XR 4.0 X-ray plate capacitor for the X-ray unit, 09057-05 Power supply unit, regulated, 0...600V-, 13672-93 DC measuring amplifier, 13620-93 XR 4.0 X-ray dosimetry accessories, 09057-25 XR 4.0 X-ray radiation damage set, 09057-27

09170-88

Additional XR 4.0 X-ray upgrade sets

Equipment and technical data The set includes the following components: ▪

XR 4.0 direct digital image sensor, 09057-41 - Active area 5 x 5 cm² - Resolution 46µm - Image depth 12 bit - USB2.0 interface

▪

XR 4.0 CT object Z-rotation unit, 09057-41 - Angle resolution < 1 degree - Motorised, USB 2.0 interface

▪ ▪

Measure XRt 4.0 tomography software package, 14421-61 XR 4.0 CT accessories, 09057-42

09180-88

Upgrade sets as an extension of the XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set (09110-88). XRP 4.0 X-ray Solid state physics upgrade set 09120-88 XRC 4.0 X-ray characteristics upgrade set 09130-88 XRS 4.0 X-ray structural analysis upgrade set 09140-88 XRM 4.0 X-ray material analysis upgrade set 09160-88 XRW 4.0 X-ray wireless demonstration upgrade set 09115-88

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 603

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.3 X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

XR 4.0 X-ray expert unit

3View ▪

Observation through windows on three sides; optimal for the transparent execution of experiments

Lockable tray for accessories ▪ ▪ ▪

Accessories are always ready at hand Utensils are stored safely Dust-free storage

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications School/full-protection device with X-ray tube quick-change technology for fluoroscopy and X-ray imaging, ionisation and dosimetry experiments, Laue and Debye-Scherrer images, X-ray spectroscopy, Bragg reflection, bremsspectrum/characteristic lines of various different anode materials, Moseley's law, determination of Planck's constant and Rydberg constant, Duane Hunt's law, material-thickness- and energydependent absorption, K and Ledges, contrast medium experiments, Compton scattering, and X-ray diffractometry. Benefits Safety concept complying with the applicable standards and regulations ▪ ▪

▪ ▪

The unit complies with all of the German (X-ray ordinance, RÖV) and European regulations for radiation protection. Type approval by the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection (Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, BFS) concerning the use of the unit at schools and universities in Germany (not subject to approval, but to reporting). (Type approval submitted.) Lead-enforced acrylic glass windows as a shield against the X-rays (breakproof in accordance with DIN/EN61010) PHYWE safety lock technology (registered utility model)

S-Lock - PHYWE's safety lock ▪ ▪

electro-mechanical system for maximum security Prevents door opening during X-ray emission by multiple safety circuits

MultiLINK ▪ ▪ ▪

External socket panel Easy and safe connection of PHYWE components, such as the X-ray energy detector (09058-30) and other standard devices, e.g. digital cameras USB 2.0, N2, BNC, XRED, ...

Plug & measure ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Self-calibrating goniometer (option) safe and easy handling collision protected goniometer Protects expensive equipment: GM counter tube and X-ray energy detector (XRED)

Tube XChange Technology ▪ ▪ ▪

Quick-change technology for four different X-ray tubes (W, Cu, Mo, and Fe) adjustment free Complete protection against touching hot parts

XXL Chamber ▪ ▪

Particularly spacious experiment chamber for sophisticated setups Integrated optical bench for the easy and reproducible set-up of experiments (can be extended to the outside)

excellence in science 604

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Microprocessor-controlled basic unit with two independent safety circuits for the door position and two independent monitoring circuits for the door locking system Four different X-ray tubes (Fe, Cu, Mo, and W) can be plugged in and remain visible during operation Determination of the X-ray intensity via an integrated GeigerMüller counter tube connection with a variable counter tube voltage (0...700 V) and an integrated loudspeaker TFT colour display (dimensions 4,3"(95 x 54 mm), 16 Bit, 56.536 colours, 480 x 272 Pixel) for the manual control of the unit "Display Connect" interface for the connection of a large-scale display unit True-colour line-shaped interior LED lighting system High voltage 0.0...35.0 kV Emission current 0.0...1.0 mA Housing (mm): 682 (W) x 620 (H) x 450(D) Experiment chamber (mm): 440 (W) x 345(H) x 354 (D) Connection: 110/240 V~, 50/60 Hz Power consumption: 200 VA Mass: 55 kg PC control via USB 2.0

Required accessories When the unit is used for the first time, at least one X-ray tube, e.g. the tungsten X-ray tube 09057-80, is required. XR 4.0 X-ray expert unit 09057-99 XR 4.0 X-ray goniometer 09057-10

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.3 X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

measure XRm 4.0 X-ray Software

measure XRm 4.0 X-ray Software 14414-61 measure XRt 4.0 X-ray CT Software 14421-61

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in tubes

Function and application Software package of the "measure" series for controlling the XR 4.0 Expert Unit (X-ray unit). XRm 4.0 consists of a module for device control and measurement data recording and a module for measurement data processing (main program). Benefits AUTORUN ▪ ▪ ▪

Automatic identification of the connected devices of the XR 4.0 series Loading of predefined settings Working directly without the need for specialist knowledge

Double control ▪ ▪

Simultaneous operation of the XR 4.0 Expert Unit via manual control and via a computer No restrictions concerning the execution of experiments

Plug & measure ▪

The intuitive user concept considerably simplifies the operation of such a complex device and puts the experiment into the focus of attention.

Multilingual ▪

XRm 4.0 is available in more than 20 languages, among them German, English, French, Spanish, Arabic, and Russian. As a result, XRm 4.0 is also suitable for beginners' laboratory courses at universities and the secondary school level.

Reference experiments ▪ ▪ ▪

▪ ▪

The comprehensive collection of reference experiments simplifies the selection of suitable experiments and can be used as a template for own experiment scripts/laboratory handbooks. All of the relevant topics concerning the characterisation and application of X-rays are documented. Experiment descriptions in PDF files with learning objectives, brief description, set-up picture, equipment list, experiment procedure, reference results with a reference to the theoretical background, and device and software settings that are specifically adapted to the experiment. All of the experiment-relevant settings can be loaded at the push of a button. The experiment descriptions include configuration files and example measurements. They are provided free of charge on the measure DVD.

Function and Applications Factory adjusted tube in sheet steel housing ready for use in connection with XR 4.0 expert unit. Housing with plugs to accept the tubes operating quantities from the basic unit. With handle, mechanical lock and two switching pins,which only operate correspondingly security microswitches of the basic unit when the plug-in module is correcly inserted. Benefits: Tube XChange Technology: ▪ ▪ ▪

Quick-change technology for four different X-ray tubes (W, Cu, Mo, and Fe) adjustment free Complete protection against touching hot parts

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Anode angle 19° Max. operation datas 1 mA/35 kV Test voltage 50 kV Mass 4.3 kg Dimensions (26.7 x 18.8 x 20.3) cm Incl. dust protection cover

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in Cu tube 09057-50 XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in Mo tube 09057-60 XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in Fe tube 09057-70 XR 4.0 X-ray plug-in unit W tube 09057-80

System requirements ▪

PC with at least a Pentium 3 processor, 512 MB RAM, 1 GB free hard drive space, DVD drive, USB 2.0, Microsoft ®Windows XP or higher.

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 605

4.9 Biochemistry, Microbiology, Electrophoresis, X-ray 4.9.3 X-ray imaging, Computer Tomography and dosimetry

TESS expert Handbook Physics X-Ray Experiments

Experiments with X-rays and their use in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, material science, and geology Description Comprehensive collection of reference experiments concerning the fundamental principles and use of X-rays in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, material science, and geology with the XR 4.0 X-ray unit platform as a pool of ideas concerning the potential areas of application in demonstration and laboratory experiments. A clear matrix simplifies the orientation in terms of scientific fields and topics. Topics ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Characteristic X-radiation / atomic structure / quantum physics and chemistry X-ray absorption Compton scattering Dosimetry Crystal structures/structural analysis with X-rays/Debye-Scherrer experiments (counting tube goniometer) Transirradiation experiments/non-destructive testing

Features ▪

▪

▪ ▪ ▪

Experiment descriptions with clearly structured learning objectives, fundamental principles, photo of the set-up, equipment list, tasks, illustrated instructions concerning the set-up and procedure, theory and evaluation with example results plus important notes concerning the operation and safety of the equipment. This simplifies the orientation and execution as well as the selection of the experiment parts for personalised laboratory experiments. The information provided is so comprehensive that no other background information is required. For every experiment, the software package "XRM 4.0 measure Xray" includes presettings for the easy and direct execution of the experiment at the push of a button as well as numerous example measurements. Experiment matrix for quick orientation Operating instructions concerning the components of the XR 4.0 platform including detailed information DIN A4 format, spiral-bound, colour print

01200-02

excellence in science 606

6 Additional material

Additional material 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5

Software measure Cobra4 Cobra3 Power supply units Small to medium voltage power supply units Stabilised and regulated power supply units High-voltage power supply units Signal generators Measurement instruments Hand-held measuring instruments - electricity Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity Oscilloscopes, recorders Measuring amplifiers Time measuring instruments, counters

901 904 926 949 950 952 955 956 959 960 963 967 968 970

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6 Additional material

6.5.6 Meteorological instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments 6.5.9 Oxygen, lux and pressure measuring instruments 6.5.10 Radioactivity, sound level and gas measuring instruments 6.5.11 Photometers, spectroscopes, polarimeters, refractometers 6.5.12 General - measurement instruments 6.6 Microscopes

excellence in science 900

973 974 981 987 989 991 994 995

6 Additional material 6.1 Software measure

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6 Additional material 6.1 Software measure

excellence in science 902

6 Additional material 6.1 Software measure

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

excellence in science 904

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

excellence in science 906

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

The following views can be selected individually by measuring channel: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ All Cobra4 devices are listed in the following order: • Basic units • Sensors • Accessories • Sets for all disciplines.

▪ ▪

1. Digital measuring value window 2. Analogue measuring value window 3. Graphs 4. Additional measuring graphs with a free choice of scale application 5. AS WITH MICROSOFT® PRODUCTS: Open the correct application window by doubleclicking or using the right mouse button 6. All modifications can also be made DURING THE MEASUREMENT.

LOAD EXPERIMENTS:

You will find further information on articles, manuals and experiments in the respective chapters and on the PHYWE website website.

Software Cobra4 - Single user and school licence

▪ ▪

Numerous experiments examples are easily loadable. In addition to a comprehensive experiments description in pdf format with structure image, material list, experimental set-up and results, the parameters required for this experiment are loaded automatically.

These are the details: ▪ ▪

1. Sensor settings 2. Illustrations - multi-graph / virtualdevice

AND EVEN BETTER: ▪

all experiment descriptions, configuration files and sample measurements are included on the "measure Cobra4" CD-ROM for FREE.

KEY WORDS IN SAMPLE EXPERIMENTS: ▪ ▪ ▪

For each sample experiment, all associated key words are displayed automatically. A single click on a keyword will immediately display help with detailed explanations. This makes it possible to carry out all experiments very easily, quickly and reliably.

System requirements: ▪ Funktion und Verwendung The "measure Cobra4" measuring software leaves nothing to be desired. As soon as a Cobra4 sensor is connected to a PC,irrespective of whether by Cobra4 Wireless or Cobra4 USB, the "measureCobra4" software opens completely automatically and shows the connected sensors, the required measuring windows and the current measuring data. Measurement recording is then started with a single CLICK. This all takes under 40 seconds! Vorteile: Embedded experiments with online documentation and measurement examples and automatic configuration NAVIGATOR On the left hand side of the software EVERYTHING ALWAYS IN VIEW. In theNAVIGATOR, you can: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

▪ ▪

1. Automatically see all connected sensors 2. See / change the condition of the sensors (activated, deactivated) 3. Change all sensor parameters by double clicking 4. Add calculated channels that allow e.g. the online conversion of measuring values (e.g. °C to K) or the calculation of measured values from different measuring channels (e.g. calculation, illustration of the resistance from current and voltage) 5. Easily load measuring examples- experiments descriptions, parameter settings, displays and graphs come automatically 6. Easily load configuration files. You will automatically have the optimum setting for your application

MEASURING WINDOW: All measuring values are displayed immediately.

excellence in science 908

PC with min. Pentium 3, 512 MB RAM, 1 GB free space on the hard disk, CD- ROM drive, USB 2.0, Microsoft ® Windows 2000 or higher.

14550-61

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Function

Cobra4 Wireless-Link

Impressive experimental descriptions from the fields of physics, chemistry and biology that pays attention in particular to the advantages of the radio-controlled transmission of measured values with the Cobra4 system. In total more than 120 demonstration and student experiments are described in detail. Experiments on the interdisciplinary topic "everyday life phenomena" are contained. Contents ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Physics: Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Electricity Chemistry: Chemical equilibrium, Electrochemistry Biology: Ecology, Physiology, Biochemistry and Plant physiology Everyday science: Home, Outdoors, Hobby, Technics, Transportation

Equipment and technical data Arch file size A4, 350 color print pages 01330-02

Function and Applications Interface module for the radio-based transmission of sensor measuring values in conjunction with the Cobra4 wireless manager.

Cobra4 basic units

Benefits: ▪

How do you want to measure? All Cobra4 sensor units can be connected to basic units through a secure plug-latch insert, and are identified automatically by the system.

▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 Wireless Manager

▪ ▪ ▪

All Cobra4 Sensor-Units can be quickly connected using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. All Cobra4 measuring sensors are easy to plug in and automatically detected The radio network with the Cobra4Wireless Manager is established automatically and is extremely stable, as it uses its own radio protocol Up to 99 Cobra4 Wireless-Links can be connected to one Cobra4 Wireless-Manager No more cable mess, thanks to radio measuring With radio transmission, moving sensors offer completely new experimentation options, e.g. the measurement of acceleration of a student on a bicycle etc. The use of high performance batteries means that no external power supplyis required.

Cobra4Wireless is particularly suitable for: ▪

Function and Applications USB device for radio-based communication with the Cobra4 WirelessLink. Benefits: Simply connect the device to the computer's USB port. Up to 99 measuring sensors can be connected to one computer Automatic detection of all connected measuring sensors. Equipment and technical data: Power consumption: < 100 mA, Connection voltage (via USB): 5 V, Radio output power: 1 mW, Max. data rate (burst):125,000 values/s, Range with no obstacles: 20 m , max.number of Cobra4 Wireless-Links in the network: 99, Dimensions L x B x H: 75 x 25 x 10 mm, Weight: 20 g, incl. CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software , incl. FREE evaluation software, experiments description and configuration settings for experiments, operating manual

▪ ▪

Computer aided student's experiments using only one teacher's computer (max. 99 sensors on one computer) convenient experimentation without annoying cables Experiments with moving sensors, e.g. freefall acceleration etc.

Equipment and technical specifications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Voltage supply: 2 x Mignon batteries Power consumption: < 300 mA Radio output power: 1 mW max.data rate (burst): 125,000 values/s Range with no obstacles: 20 m Dimensions L x B x H: 125x65x35 mm Weight: 200 g 2 high performance 2,700mAh batteries operating manual

12601-00

12600-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 909

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

The Cobra4 Junior-Link is an interface module for the transmission of sensor measuring data to a PC via an USB connection. It is specially designed for the use in simple student experiments with only one Sensor-Unit. All Cobra4 Sensor-Units can be connected to the Cobra4 Junior-Link using a stable plug-in / lockable connection.

Cobra4 USB-Link

Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

the Cobra4 Junior-Link shows the following features: the Cobra4 Junior-Link can be connected to a PC (via USB port on the PC) automatic detection of all Cobra4 Sensor-Units power supply from USB connection, no additional external power supply required

In particular, it is ideally suited for student experiments (if a PC is available for each work group). Equipment and technical data Function and Applications The Cobra4 USB-Link is a highly efficient interface module for the transmission of sensor measuring values to a PC via a USB connection. Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

All Cobra4Sensor-Units can be connected to the Cobra4 USB-Link using a stable plug-in / lockable connection. Up to 400,000 measuring values/sec Several Cobra4 USB links can be connected to one PC (via USB portson the PC or by USB hub) Automatic detection of all Cobra4Sensor-Units Power supply from USB connection, no additional external power supply required.

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

power supply via PC < 300 mA max. data rate: 10,000 datas/sec dimensions L x B x H: 125x65x35 mm weight: 100 g delivery incl. USB cable, operating manual and CD-ROM with drivers and demoversion of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software incl. FREE evaluation software, experiments descriptions and configuration settings for experiments

12615-00

Cobra4 Remote-Link

ideally suited to the following applications: ▪ ▪ ▪

Especially fast measurements(acoustic, electrical etc.) Demonstration experiments Student's experiments (if one PC is available for each work group).

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Power supply via PC: < 300 mA Max. data rate (burst):400,000 values/sec Dimensions L x B x H: 125x65x35 mm Weight: 100 g Delivery incl. USB cable operating manual and CD-ROM with drivers and demoversion of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software incl. FREE evaluation software, experiments descriptions and configuration settings for experiments. Function and Applications

12610-00

The Cobra4 Remote-Link can be used to control the measuring value recording of an experiment constructed using a radiobased Cobra4 network.

Cobra4 Junior-Link

Benefits: ▪ ▪

The measuring value recording start and stop commandis transmitted by radio to the Cobra4Wireless Manager on the PC. Optimum application, e.g. in student experiments, freefall with an acceleration sensor etc.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications

excellence in science 910

Voltage supply: 2 x Mignon batteries Power consumption < 200 mA Radio output power: 1 mW Range with no obstacles: 20 m Dimensions L x B x H: 125x65x35 mm Weight: 200 g 2 high performance batteries operating manual

12602-00

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

bra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Cobra4 sensor units What do you want to measure? The Cobra4 sensor units are connected directly to basic units, and are identified automatically by the system.

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature, semiconductor -20...110 °C

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Temperature measuring range: -200..+1200 °C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Weight: 85 g

12641-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni

Funktion and Applications Cobra4 -20..110°C Sensor-Unit Temperature-semiconductor Benefits ▪

can be connected directly to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Sensoatar jacket: stainless steel Measuring range: -20..+110°C Absolute accuracy: ± 0.5°C Resolution: 0.05°C Time constant: 7 s Data flow rate: 200 Hz Connecting port: sub-D-15-pole Sensor length / diameter: 200 mm, 6 mm Cable length: 120 cm Weight: 125 g

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics is a measuring recorder for pressure and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪

12640-00 ▪

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature, NiCr-Ni

It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Nithermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures and one absolut pressure value simultaneously The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -200..+1200°C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used

Pressure: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...2000 hPa Resolution 0.1 hPa Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5% Data flow rate: max. 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62mm x 63mm x 35mm Weight: approx. 190 g

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni is a measuring recorder for temperature measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller.

12638-00

Benefits ▪ ▪

It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Ni thermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures simultaneously or to measure a temperature difference The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature NiCr- Ni can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Co-

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection is a measuring recorder for pH and potential measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller. Benefits ▪ ▪

It can be fitted with a pH probe or Redoxmeasuring chain, in order to measure pH or potential values The unit can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technicla data pH: ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH and 2 x temperature NiCr-Ni is a measuring recorder for pH, potential and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

It can be fitted with two NiCr-Ni thermoelements (Type K) and a pH probe or Redox measuring chain, in order to measure up to two temperatures and one pH or potential value simultaneously The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/lockable connection.

Measuring range: 0...14pH Resolution: 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -2000...+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5% Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Weight: 70 g

12631-00

Electrodes with BNC plug

Equipment and technical data Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -200..+1200 °C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used

pH: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...14 Resolution 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range -2000..+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5% Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Weight: 95 g

12630-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connector

These electrodes with a BNC plug may be connected to both Cobra4 Sensor units Chemistry and pH. pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000)

Function and Applications Function and Applications

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity /Temperature (Pt1000) is a measuring recorder for conductance measuring sensors with a cell constant of K = 1.00/cm and which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪

The Cobra4 sensor may be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data Conductivity: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring

range 1: 0.0...approx. 2,500.0 µS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.15 µS/cm range 2: 0...approx. 45,000 µS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±3 µS/cm range 3: 0.00...approx. 1,100 mS/cm accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.05 mS/cm

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

12633-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Units Force ± 4 N and ± 40 N

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring accuracy: -20.0°C...150.0°C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: ±0.5K (in the range 0...100°C)

Measuring cycle: 0.8...2s (adjusted automatically) Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00 Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000) 12632-00 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Units Force ± 4 N and ± 40 N contain a bending beam (DMS technology), which converts the mechanical load into an electrical signal. Benefits: ▪

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Depending on the type of application, the force sensor can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. On the top of the casing, a plate can be plugged in for measuring weights that are placed on it. On the bottom of the device, there is a hook on which weights may be hung. On the mechanically secure in take of the Cobra4 sensor unit, force from above or below is applied using a drop rod with a M6 thread.

Equipment and technical data: Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity/Temperature with stainless steel electrodes can be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Benefits ▪

Particularly good application for school and outdoor experimentation, as the measuring gauge is already firmly connected.

Equipment and technical data Conductivity: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0.2 µS/cm...200 mS/cm Measuring accuracy: 6% of the measuringvalue ± 0,2µS/cm Resolution: 0.1 µS/cm, 1 µS/cm, 10µS/cm, 100 µS/cm

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100 mm long rod with M6 thread Weight plate Weight hook Operating manual Measuring range: -4...+4 N Maximum sampling rate: 16 Hz Measuring accuracy: 0.2 mN Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 35 mm Weight: 100 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Force ± 4 N 12642-00 Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Force ± 40 N 12643-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 913

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electricity, current ± 6 A/ voltage ± 30V

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Current /Voltage ±30 V ± 6 A is a secured measuring sensor, which can be connected to theCobra4 WirelessLink, the Cobra4 Mobile Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection, depending on the application type. Benefits ▪ ▪

The sensor has a voltage difference input. Simultaneous measurement of current and voltage is possible.

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Power supply via 4 mm sockets or wall power supply with hole socket Operation temperature: 5...40°C Relative humidity: < 80% Gain/amplification: 1.0 Input resistance: > 10000 GOhm Input current: < 0.5 pA Input capacitance: < 50 pF Input voltage: Amplifier (socket 1): ± 10 V2. input (socket 2): 1 kV Power supply: 12 V AC/25 mA hole socket: 2.1/5.5 mm or External power source: 12 V AC25 mA 4 mm sockets or: Cobra3 interface: ± 15 V RS232 socket Output voltage: ± 10 V Output current: 1 mA Output resistance: < 500 Ohm Dimensions H × W × D (mm):65 × 113 × 35 Weight: 150 g

Electrometer Amplifier 13621-00 Power supply 12V AC/500 mA 11074-93

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Energy electricity, voltage, power, capacity

Equipment and technical data Measuring range: ▪ ▪

Voltage: -30...30 V Current: -6...6 A

Resolution: ▪ ▪

Voltage: 15 mV Current: 3 mA

Internal resistances: ▪ ▪ ▪

Voltage: 1 MOhm Current: 33 mOhm Weight: 100 g

12644-00

Function and Applications

Electrometer Amplifier

The Cobra4 Sensor Unit Energy is used for the measurement and direct indication of measurement variables of the electrical power and energy in direct-current and alternating current circuits (current, voltage, effective and apparent power, angular phase shift, frequency, electric work). Benefits

Operational amplifier with high resistance input for quasi-static voltage measurement and measurement of very small charges.

Through the direct measurement of alternating current and directcurrent sizes numerous basic as well as application-oriented experiments are possible, e.g. for the charactersitic of alternating current resistances or for the investigation of the energy demand of consumers. The Cobra4 Sensor Unit Energy can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless Link, the Cobra4 Mobile Link or the Cobra4 USB Link through a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. The data can be measured and displayed in student or demonstration experiments with or without PC.

Benefits

Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications

Suited for experiments with electrostatics, e.g. charge measurement, capacity measurement of sphere-capacitor, measurement of direct voltages, quasi-static measurements and measurement of small currents. Equipment and technical data

excellence in science 914

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measuring range and resolution 30 V (0.3 mV), 6 A (0.3 mA) frequency range: up to 2 kHz

12656-00

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Timer/Counter

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 3D-Acceleration, ± 2 g, ± 6 g

Funktion and Applications

Function and Application Sensor-Unit of the Cobra4 family. Interface-module with timer and counter functionality for up to four light barriers, one measuring microphone, movement sensor, falling sphere apparatus or other devices with TTLcompatible signals. Optionally anexternal trigger device can be used (switch, starter system for motion track, ...). The measured values of the sensor can be transmitted with the Cobra4 Wireless manager and the Cobra4 Wireless-Link by radio or with the USB-Link to the PC. All Cobra4 sensor-units are quickly connectable through a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Some applications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

linear Motion incl. laws of collision with motion and air track free fall with picket fences or falling ball apparatus oscillations rotational motion frequency of acoustical signals

Benefis ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

With the aid of the intuitive softwaremeasure for Cobra4 the singleapplication scenarios can be started comfortably with 10 preset modes All relevant attempts with timemeasurement and counting are covered The simultaneous observation of thesignal level facilitates the understanding of the measured values of light barriers Investigation of complex contexts through combination with other sensors from the Cobra4 family Thanks to radio measurement NO disturbing cable anymore - NEW didactic possibilities through radio transmission (not depending on the location of the PC, moving sensors)

Depending on application type, theCobra4 Sensor-Unit 3D-Acceleration, ± 2g, ± 6 g can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

Specifically with this sensor, the use of Cobra4 Wireless enables completely new experimentation possibilities. As such, it is possible to investigate e.g.the acceleration of the sensor in freefall or the acceleration of a schoolchild on a bicycle etc.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring ranges: -2g...+2g or -6g...+6g Resolution: 1 mg or 5 mg Presentable channels: x, y and z Max. data rate: 160 Hz per channel Weight: 80 g

12650-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Tesla

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Power supply: by the Cobra4 WirelessLink or another Cobra4 basic device, from 3 light barriers with enclosedexternal power supply Current consumption: < 300 mA resolution: 1 microsecond Dimensions: (LxBxH) 125x65x35 mm Weight: 200 g Accessories (included): Adapter for light barriers,external power supply

Accessories ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Light barrier, compact (up to 4 lightbarriers) Cobra4 adapter for Sensor-Unit Timer/Counter to connect a light barrier Measuring microphone Falling sphere apparatus Movement sensor with cable

12651-00

lFunction Function and Applications Sensor-Unit to measure the magnetic field strength in DC and AC fields. Hall probes may be connected via a diode plug. Tecnical data Measuring ranges DC field ▪ ▪ ▪

± 1 T (1 mT), ± 100 mT (100 µT), ± 10 mT (10 µT) every range can be compensated up to the maximum value of the measuring range Accuracy approx. ± 2 % of the maximum value of the measuring range

Measuring ranges AC field ▪ ▪ ▪

Frequency: 15 Hz...1 kHz 1 T (1 mT), 100 mT (100 µT), 10 mT ( 10 µT) AC field measurements are of RMS type - no compensation

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 915

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

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Accuracy approx. ± 5 % of the maximum value of the measuring range

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit CO2

General ▪ Maximum data rate: 5 Hz ▪ Dimensions (L x W x H in mm): 60 x 70 x 35 ▪ Weight (g) 100 Cobra4 Sensor Tesla, Set with 2 hall probes 12652-88 Cobra4 Sensor Tesla, ± 1 Tesla 12652-00 Hall probe, axial 13610-01 Hall probe, tangential, protection cap 13610-02

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude Function and Applications Sensor of the Cobra4 family for the measurement of the CO2 concentration in the air. The measured data of the sensor can be transferred with the Cobra4 Wireless Link by radio to the PC in connection with the Cobra4 Wireless Manager. All Cobra4 Sensor Units are quickly connectable through a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data

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measuring range: 0... 6000 ppm resolution: 50 ppm data transfer rate: 1 Hz dimensions (L x W x H): 60 mm x 70 mm x 30 mm weight: 60 g

Accessories ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 Wireless Link (12601-00) and Cobra4 Wireless Manger (12600-00) and/or alternative: Cobra4 USB Link (12610-00) to the connection to a PC Software measure Cobra4, individual position and school license (14550-61) for the realization, representation and evaluation of the measurements Cobra4 Mobile Link (12620-00) for the measuring without PC

12671-00

Relative Humidity: ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 100 % accuracy +/- 5 %

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse, Heart rate

Air Pressure: ▪ ▪

measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar accuracy +/-5 %

Air Temperature: ▪ ▪

measurement range -40 - +125 °C accuracy +/- 0.5 °C

Brightness: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx accuracy +/- 5 % calculation using air pressure Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm Weight: 60 g Function

12670-00

Sensor of the Cobra4 family for measuring the heart rate on the ear or finger. Measurement of the signal amplitude and the heart rate.

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

All Cobra4 sensors can be connected directly to the Cobra4 WirelessLink, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Technical specifications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Range 40...240 pulses/minute Accuracy 2 % Including ear clip (cable length: 1 m) Digital and graphical display of the heart rate Dimensions: 60 x 70 x 35 mm Weight: 100 g

Crocodile clips for disposable electrodes, 3/pkg 12673-02

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Spirometry

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse, Heart rate, incl. ear clip 12672-00 Ear clip for Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse 12672-10

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electrophysiology

Function and Application The Cobra4 Sensor Unit Spirometry is used for the measurement of the breath-dependent pulmonary volume. Benefits Through the possibility of the recording of measurement one receives a diagram by means of which different function varaibles of the breath volume can be determined. The Cobra4 Sensor Unit Spirometry can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless Link, the Cobra4 Mobile Link or the Cobra4 USB Link through a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. The data can be measured and displayed in student or demonstration experiments with or without PC. Equipment and technical data To perform electrophysiological, noninvasive measurements of heart, eye and muscle activities. The measurement electrodes are connected to 3,5-mm jacks using three separate and shielded measurement cords. The sensor can be connected to a PC wireless or to a USB-port. Requires measurement cords and ECG and/ or EMG/ EOG electrodes. Technical specifications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measurement mode: permanent measurement Operation with three separate and shielded measurement cords Maximum data throughput: 1000 Hz Signal filter: ECG filter: 0.03 Hz to 20 Hz with 450-fold magnification EMG filter: 80 Hz to 5000 Hz with 1600-fold magnification EOG filter: 0.03 Hz to 10 Hz with 800-fold magnification Galvanic separation with 4000 V Dimensions: 62 mm x 110 mm x 35 mm Weight: 0.3 kg

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electrophysiology, set incl. cords and ECG electrodes 12673-77 Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electrophysiology: EKG, EMG, EOG 12673-00 ECG electrodes, 3/pkg 65981-01 EMG electrodes, 3 off 65981-02 Electrode Gel, tube 65981-06 Electrodes for ECG Sensor, 100 pcs. 12559-01 Shielded leads for electrophysiology, color-coded, 3/pkg 12673-01

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measuring range (accuracy): -15... +15 l/s (3 %)

12675-00

Cobra4, Accessories Accessories for all Cobra4 Basic units and Sensor units, respectively

Accessories for the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit

Cobra4 drop counter With the drop counter, in combination with a Cobra4 timer/counter sensor unit, drops are recorded which drop from a burette into a container below. Advantages The drop counter makes possible a semi-automatic implementation of quantitative titration in a simple way.

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 917

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Equipment and technical data The drop counter consists of a metal body with a photoelectric barrier in an elongated hole, 2 receptacles for electrodes up to a diameter of 12 mm and a V-shaped centering aid for drip tips; Length: 185 mm, width: 50 mm, height: 30 mm, length of the mount bar: 90 mm, diameter of the mount bar: 10 mm, diameter of the 2 electrode receptacles: 13 mm, dimensions of the elongated hole: 25 mm x 15 mm, length of the connection cable: 90 cm, connection: 3.5 mm jack plugs.

Fast Charging System for up to 4 MeH Accumulators

Function and Applications

Forked photoelectric barrier compact

For 1-4 Mignon AA or Micro AAA.

Infrared photoelectric barrier with stem, which can be screwed into 4 different positions. With receptacle device for incremental wheel for the determination of path sections. Inside dimensions (mm): 40 x 40, supply voltage: 5 V, including incremental wheel.

Benefits

Adapter for forked photoelectric barrier Up to 4 forked photoelectric barriers can be connected conveniently and without a cable tangle with the timer-counter sensor unit. The adapter has a multipolar cable of 1 m length. Wind sensor For the measurement of the wind speed. Measuring range: 1 ... 40 m/s and 4 ... 140 km/h, dimensions (mm): 112 x 162 x 140. Movement recorder Incremental encoder with extremely high resolution for the recording of rotation and linear movements. Resolution: 512 steps/rotation. With signal output for rotation direction, cord grooves 6 mm and 12 mm, plastic casing with holder stem and connection cables, dimensions (mm): 72 x 34 x 113.

Adjustable charging current by a switch "Fast charge/ Standardcharge" (2100 mA/ 850 mA for Mignon AA cells and 850 mA/ 350 mA for Micro AAA cells), Multiple over charging protection by deltaV detection, temperature control and safety timer, Trickle charging, faulty cell and Alkaline detection, Reverse polarity protection, Cooling of the batteries by a fan, Battery status is displayed by LED per charging slot Equipment and technical data External power supply with wide range input 100-240 VAC and 12 V car adapter 07930-99

Ni-MH accu, Mignon, 1.2 V, 2000 mAh, Eneloop Type, 4 pcs. 07930-03

Stand for Cobra4

Microphone Electret converter on 25 cm sensor tube, with amplifier for the pointmeasuring of sonic fields. Directly connectable, low power consumption, high resolution in location and intensity. Frequency range 15 Hz... 40 kHz, sensitivity 6 mV/ Pa at 1kHz, adjustable amplification 50 ... 5000, dimensions (mm): Housing 115 x 70 x 35, probe 250 x 8. Cobra4 Drop Counter 12635-00 Light barrier, compact 11207-20 Cobra4 adapter for Sensor-Unit Timer/Counter to connect one light barrier 12651-01 Cup anemometer for Cobra3 12124-00 Movement sensor with cable 12004-10 Measuring microphone 03542-00

excellence in science 918

Supporting stand of aluminum with a tiltangle of about 30째 to place Cobra4Mobile-links and Cobra4 USB-Links ondesks. The devices are fixed by aspecific hook and loop fastener on thestand. A 50 cm long stripe of this selfadhesive hook and loop fastener isdelivered together with the stand. Toattach the devices to the stand, acorrespondingly suitable small piece ofthe self-adhesive hook and loop fasteneris stuck onto the back of this devices. 12681-00

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 sets Complete solutions for your experiments! The sets include all necessary accessories for dealing with various topics, or for certain areas of application.

TESS Applied Sciences Cobra4 Environment and outdoors

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experimental descriptions and configuration settings for experiments

TESS Applied Sciences Cobra4 environment and outdoors, for 4 work groups 12622-88 TESS Cobra4 Environment and outdoors, with 1 measurement instrument and german handbook, in aluminum case 12619-88 TESS advanced Applied Sciences manual Cobra4 environment and outdoors 12622-02

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology

Function and Applications This device set is ideally suited to shared-work experiments with schoolgroups. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications Complete instrument set and accessories to perform computer-assisted experiments in human and animal physiology of heart, muscle, eye. Equipment and technical data ▪

TIP This device is also ideal for use e.g.in the context of a school hiking day: here, a topografic profile can easily be produced with the weather sensor. In Geography lessons, the data can be evaluated and interpreted together. If the height is then set against the temperature, humidity relative to the path, or temperature relative to the time of day, great discoveries can be made, which are both practical and fun. Equipment and technical data: The highly stable aluminium case contains the following materials: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4 x Cobra4 Mobile-Link 1 x Cobra4Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection 1 xCobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: air pressure, humidity, ambient temperature, brightness 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit, Temperature-Semiconductor 20...110 °C 1x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity with permanently connected stainless steel 1x pH plastic, gel-filled electrode 1 x100 red pH 4 buffer trays 1 x 100 green pH 10 buffer trays 1 x 460 ml calibration solution for conductance electrode 1 x protective case for GL 25pH electrode 1 x 120 labels, 4 x 100 ml square flange (HDPE) 2 x 250 ml PP laboratory beaker 4 x 1 GB 20 MB/sec SDmemory card for Cobra4 Mobile-Link 1 x110...240 V Charger for metal hybrid batteries 2 x Mignon 1.2 V 2700 mAh spare batteries - set of 4 operating manual plus CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software, incl. FREE evaluation software

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Wireless transmitter and receiver units to connect to the electrophysiology sensor to a PC, can also be used for other sensors to measure parameters common in physics, chemistry, biology and medical education electrophysiology sensor-unit for ECG, EMG and EOG with connectors for three measurement leads three separate and shielded leads, color-coded (red, yellow, green) with 3.5 mm phone jacks to connect to the sensor-unit and 2 mm jacks to connect to reusable and disposable electrodes three reusable stainless steel ECG electrodes, contact area 30 x 80 mm with connector for leads three reusable EMG electrodes with cable and 2 mm connectors disposable electrodes (100/pkg), three crocodile clips for disposable electrodes, electrode gel to improve contact between electrodes and skin software for wireless and wired data acquisition, for data analysis,automatic sensor recognition, automatic setup of measurement parameters and integrated experiment instructions 68-page manual in English language with experimental literature storage box for instrument set and accessories.

TESS Biology Set Electrophysiology EP 12673-89 TESS advanced Biology manual Cobra4 Electrophysiology: ECG, EMG, EOG 12673-12

Cobra4 Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology Function and Applications

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 919

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Instrument set with the wireless computer interface Cobra4 to perform the following 10 experiments: Photosynthesis (2 methods), Transpiration of leaves, Glycolysis (2 methods), Ionic permeability of the cell membrane, Determination of the Michaelis constant, Enzyme inhibition, Substrate inhibition of enzymes, Enzymatic activity of catalase.

Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪

Scope of delivery ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 wireless computer interface for data acquisition Sensors for temperature, pH, conductivity, light intensity, pressure Lamp socket with reflector, diameter 20 cm, and 120 W filament lamp special glassware special stand material for the experiment setup experiment manual, English language (56 pages, in color)

The measure Cobra4 software (single user and school license) is not part of the scope of delivery. Standard lab equipment and chemicals required additionally. The Standard labware set consists of: balance 210g/ 0.01g with RS232 interface, lab-lifting apparatus (160 x 130 mm), magnetic stirrer, diverse lab glassware and small items, diverse lab consumables, microliter syringe (100 µl) mortar and pestle, bunsen burner with safety gas tubing. The Chemicals set consists of: sodium hydrogen carbonate, 250 g; Tartrazin (E102), 25 g; Patent blue V (E131), 25g; buffer solution pH 4.01, 460 ml; buffer solution pH 10.01, 1000 ml; hydrochloric acid, 1.0 mol/l, 1000 ml; sodium hydroxide solution, 1.0 M, 1000 ml; Urea, pure, 250 g; urease solution in 50% glycerol, 10 ml; silver nitrate, pure, 15 g; water, distilled, 5 l; glycerol, 99 %, 100 ml; hydrogen peroxide, 30 %, 250 ml. Basic set Cobra4 Biochemistry and Plant physiology 65982-89 Standard labware set for Biochemistry & plant physiology, 230 V 65980-77 Chemicals set Biochemistry & plant physiology 65980-10 Software Cobra4 - Single user and school licence 14550-61 Demo advanced Biology Manual Cobra4 Biochemistry & plant physiology 01331-02

With the radio-based recording of values, experiments can conveniently be carried out The optimum use of this device set is in the area of demonstration experiments. Furthermore, moving sensors offer completely new experimentation options, e.g. the measurement of acceleration of a school child on a bicycle, measuring the acceleration of a body in freefall etc.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

1 x Cobra4 WirelessManager 1 x Cobra4 Wireless-Link 1 xCobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature Semiconductor, 20...110°C 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Current/ Voltage 1 xCobra4 3D Sensor-Unit Acceleration,+-6 g 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Force, 40 N 1 x "measure Cobra4" software, individual work station and school licence. Delivery incl. CD-ROM with all drivers and the full version of the "measureCobra4" measuring software incl. 130 experiment descriptions and configuration settings for experiments plus 2 high performance batteries for the Cobra4 Wireless-Link and an operating manual.

Cobra4 Wireless, Basic Set Physics, incl. Software and aluminium case 12605-89 Cobra4 USB, Basic Set Physics incl. Softwareand plastic case 12611-88 TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02

Cobra4 Wireless, Basic Set Chemistry

Cobra4 Wireless, Basic Set Physics

Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to computer-aided experiments in the field of Chemistry. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to computer-aided experiments in the field of physics.

excellence in science 920

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With the radio-based recording of values, experiments can conveniently be carried out. The optimum use of this device set is in the area of demonstration experiments. Furthermore, with modern radio transmission, moving sensors offer completely new experimentation options. With this system it is possible now, that experiments can to be carried out far away from the PC.

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

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Therewith it is surely set that the PC is not endangered by liquids or similar things.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The stable case contains the followingdevices: 1 x Cobra4 Wireless Manager 1 x Cobra4 Wireless-Link 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCrNi 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temp. (Pt1000) 1 x pH-electrode, plastic, refillable BNC plug 1 x Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 2 x Protection sleeve for electrodes 1 x "measure Cobra4" software, individual workstation and school licence Delivery incl. CD-ROM with all drivers and the full version of the "measureCobra4" measuring software incl. experiments descriptions and configuration settings for experiments 2 high performance batteries for the Cobra4 Wireless-Link operating manual

Cobra4 Wireless, Basic Set Chemistry, incl. Softwareand english handbook in case 12606-89 Cobra4 USB, Basic Set Chemistry incl. Softwareand english Handbook, in case 12612-89 TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02

Cobra4 Display-Connect

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Case for storage

Cobra4 Display-Connect, Basic Set with digital large-scale display, Mobile Link, weather sensor and English handbook, 12607-89 TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02

Cobra4 Mobile-Link

Function and Applications This attractive device set serves excellently for use as a digital multimeter set for numerous measurements. Benefits This set is ideal for use in: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Student experiments without a PC Outdoor experimentation Project days, school hiking days, trips, etc. With this set, simply choose your Cobra4 Sensor-Units and compile your own personal set of equipment. Sufficient extra space has been left in the case for storing the sensors The "measure" evaluation software can also be used by pupils at home for FREE.

Equipement and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Complete device set for the wireless transmission of measurements from Mobile-Link to a digital large-scale display. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 Display-Connect (set of sender and receiver for the use of the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with a digital large-scale display) Cobra4 Mobile-Link, incl. accumulators SD memory card Fast battery charger for up to 4 Metal-hydride-Accumulators, 110...240V Digital large display with RS 232 interface Cobra4 Sensor Unit weather: air pressure, air humidity, temperature, light intensity, altitude Software, CD-ROM Manual Cobra4: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday life phenomena

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8 x and 4x Cobra4 Mobile-Link incl. SD memory cards, respectively 4 x spare Mignon 1.2V 2700 mAh batteries, set of 4 1 x battery charger. operating manual plus CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measure Cobra4" measuring software incl. FREE evaluation software, experimental descriptions and configuration settings for experiments

Cobra4 Mobile, for 8 work groups, incl. aluminium case 12621-88 Cobra4 Mobile, for 4 work groups, incl. plastic case 12621-44

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 921

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 Supplementary set TESS, Wireless or USB: Mechanics, Electric Building Blocks, Heat

TESS and Demo advanced Manual Cobra4 Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Everyday Science 01330-02 English TESS advanced Physik Handbuch Cobra4 Mechanik, Wärme, Elektrik / Elektronik 01332-01 German TESS advanced Physics Manual Cobra4 Mechanics, Heat, Electricity/ Electronics 01332-02 English P1042260

Cobra4 Mobile-Link

Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to perform computer assisted student experiments from the PHYWE TESS experiment sets Mechanics ME 1/2, Electric Building Blocks system EB 1/2 and Heat WE 1/2. Benefits This set enables the easy and convenient performance of more than 20 experiments (see manual 01332-02). Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

2 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature, semiconductor -20...110°C 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Electricity Current/ Voltage 6 A, 30 V 1 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Force 4 N

Wireless version: 1 x Cobra4 Wireless-Link, 1 x Cobra4 Wireless Manager USB version: 1 x Cobra4 USB Link Required accessories 1 x "measure Cobra4" measuring sofware incl. data analysis software "measure", experimental descriptions and configuration settings for experiments (14550-61) Cobra4 Wireless, Student set TESS Mechanics, Heat, Electricity 12604-88 Cobra4 USB, Student set TESS Mechanics, Heat, Electricity 12604-66 TESS advanced Physics Manual Cobra4 Mechanics, Heat, Electricity/ Electronics 01332-02

The Cobra4 MobileLink is ideal for use in: ▪

Thermal equilibrium

Up to 1,000 measuring values/sec. Data can be saved on an SD memory card Automatic detection of all Cobra4 Sensor-Units Foolproof navigation with central navigation cross "measure" evaluation software can be used for FREE Water-resistant and reliable for outdoor work.

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Students experiments with no computer (as a digital multi-meter for numerous measuring parameters) Outdoor experiments with student groups Project days, trips, schoolhiking days etc.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Why do tea or coffee get cold onstanding, but never hot? Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS und Demo advanced Handbuch Cobra4Physik, Chemie, Biologie, Alltagsphänomene 01330-01 German

excellence in science 922

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Power supply: 2 x Mignon batteries Power consumption: < 300 mA Data storage: Max. 2 GB SD card Data rate: 1,000 values/s Dimensions: L x B x H: 155x65x35 mm Weight: 200 g 2 Mignon 2,700 mAh batteries 1 GB SD memory card operating manual plus CD-ROM with drivers and demo version of the "measureCobra4" measuring software FREE evaluation software, experiments descriptions and configuration settings for experiments

Cobra4 Mobile-Link set, incl. rechargeable batteries, SD memory card, USB cable and software "measure" 12620-55

6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 Mobile-Link 12620-00 SD memory card for Cobra4-Mobile-Link, 2 GB, 20MB/sec 12620-01 SD card reader 12620-03

Cobra4 Display-Connect, Set of transmitter and receiver for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with largescale displays

Large-scale display, digital, RS-232 port 07157-93 Data cable for cobra probes 12150-07 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00

Thermocouples NiCr-Ni (type K)

Thermocouples, that can be connected to Cobra4 Sensor Units 2 x temperature, Thermodynamics and Chemistry. Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Function and Applications Device combination from a sender and a receiver for the radio-based communication between a Cobra4 Mobile Link and up to 2 digital large displays. Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The system works with 5 switchable send channels at a carrier frequency of 433 MHz. With this set it is possible to represent the measured values wellreadable for a big auditory in a classroom or lecture hall. For this purpose must the transmit unit only be inserted between an any Cobra4 SensorUnit and the Cobra4 Mobile-Link. The receiver unit is pluged into the input socket of the digital large display. The current supply of the sender and receivers occurs in each case via the devices at those ones these are connected. A parallel write-out of a series of measurements to the SD-Card of the Mobile-Link is possible.

Cobra4 Display-Connect, Set of transmitter and receiver for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-88 Cobra4 Display-Connect TX, transmitter for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-00 Cobra4 Display-Connect TX, receiver for using the Cobra4 Mobile-Link with large-scale displays 12623-01

Comming soon

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Light

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Light is a measuring recorder for light intensity measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

It can be fitted with different luxmeter probes. The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Light can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link, the Cobra4 Junior-Link or

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Equipment and technical data ▪ measuring range: 300 lx ...300 klx ▪ Resolution: max. 0.15 lx ▪ Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Dissoved oxygen is a measuring recorder for oxygen in solutions, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

Accessories ▪ ▪

Luxmeter probe (12107-01) Lux immersion probe, 10 m cable (07137-01)

It can be fitted with an oxygen probe. The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Dissoved oxygen can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link, the Cobra4 JuniorLink or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data 12660-00

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Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Radioactivity

O2-concentration: 0…30 mg/l Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm

(available from 2012) 12676-00

Cobra4 JUNIOR-Link, Basic Set Physics for 5 groups, incl. Software, Handbook and aluminium case

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Radioaktivity is a measuring recorder for radioactive radiation, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

It can be fitted with different Geiger-Müller counter tubes. The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Radioacitivity can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link, the Cobra4 JuniorLink or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Max. pulse frequency: 4x105 pulses per minute Counter tube voltage: variable 100 … 650 V Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm

Accessories ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to computer-aided student experiments in the field of physics and containes all needed devices for 5 working groups. Benefits ▪ ▪

By recording values with the help of the Cobra4 Junior-Link, experiments can conveniently be carried out. The optimum use of this device set is in the area of student experiments.

Equipment and technical data

Counter tube, type A (09025-11) Counter tube, type B (09005-00) Counter tube, GM, 45 mm (09007-00)

12665-00

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Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Dissolved oxygen

▪

5 x Cobra4 Junior-Link 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Force ± 40 N 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Energy 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics,pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni 5 x Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 1 x "measure Cobra4" software, individual work station and school licence. Delivered in a stable aluminium case

12616-89

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6 Additional material 6.2 Cobra4

Cobra4 JUNIOR-Link, Basic Set Chemistry for 5 groups, incl. Software, Handbook and aluminium case

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure, Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Pulse, Heart rate, incl. ear clip 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Spirometry 1 x "measure Cobra4" software, individual work station and school licence. Delivered in a stable aluminium case

12618-89

Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to computer-aided student experiments in the field of chemistry and containes all needed devices for 5 working groups. Benefits ▪ ▪

By recording values with the help of the Cobra4 Junior-Link, experiments can conveniently be carried out. The optimum use of this device set is in the area of student experiments.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

5 x Cobra4 Junior-Link 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCrNi 5 x Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 5 x pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes 1 x "measure Cobra4" software, individual work station and school licence. Delivered in a stable aluminium case

12617-89

Cobra4 JUNIOR-Link, Basic Set Biology for 5 groups, incl. Software, Handbook and aluminium case

Function and Applications This attractive device set is ideally suited to computer-aided student experiments in the field of bgiology and containes all needed devices for 5 working groups. Benefits ▪ ▪

By recording values with the help of the Cobra4 Junior-Link, experiments can conveniently be carried out. The optimum use of this device set is in the area of student experiments.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪

5 x Cobra4 Junior-Link 5 x Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature, semiconductor -20...110°C

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

temperature, pressure, pH/potential, light intensity, cardiac and vascular sounds, heart rate, voltage. Equipment and technical data: Cobra3 Biology Set contents: All Cobra3 devices are listed in the following order: • Sets • Literature • Basic units • Software modules • Measuring modules and accessories • General accessories You will find further information on articles, manuals and experiments in the respective chapters and on the PHYWE website.

computer interface with 7 measuring inputs, of which 5 are analog inputs and 2 are digital inputs, sampling rate 500kHz, analog output with a voltage range of +/-10V, voltage output (5V at 0.2A), USB, incl. USB cable, External power supply, Software Universal Recorder, Software Temperature, Software Pressure, Software pH/potential Pressure measuring module pH/potential measuring module, pH electrode, polythene-sheathed, Photo diode, in G1 housing, 2 temperature sensors, -20...110°C, Acoustic measuring probe, with FET amplifier, Handbook Chemistry/Biology, computerassisted experiments 12173-77

Sets As well as the classical sets consisting of a basic unit and a selection of sensors for the different specialist departments, there exists a selection of sets which include everything to cover whole project areas. For example, gas laws, basics of electrics/electronics, calorimetry, neurobiology or plant physiology.

Fundamentals of electricity and electronics, 10 experiments with FG module

Cobra3 Physics set

Function and Applications

The Physics Set consist of: Cobra3 BASIC-Unit, Power Supply 12 V/ 2A, Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole, Software Cobra3 Universal recorder, Software Cobra3 Timer/ Counter, Software Cobra3 Translat./ Rotation, Software Cobra3 Temperature, Software Cobra3 Fourier analysis, Ligth barrier comact, Photo diode, G1, Wire resistor, 0.2 Ohm, 2 W, G1, Temperature sensor, -10...120 °C, Beam stopper, Measuring microphone with amplifier, Handbook Physics, computer assisted experiments with Cobra3 12171-77

Cobra3 Biology set

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Ohm´s law Characterics of semiconductors (Diodes, Transistors) Switch on behaviour of capacitors Switch on behaviour of coils Coil in AC circuit Capacitor in AC circuit Inductance of solenoids Magnetic induction RLC-circuit High-pass and low-pass filters

12111-88

Function and Applications Analog/ digital computer interface including all components necessary to take measurements of the following parameters:

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Multifunctional and easy adaptable basic set for computer-based analysis of current and voltage characteristics, especially for very fast signal response (500 kHz) and dependance of frequencies for practicals and demonstration. The set contains everything for the performance of the following experiments:

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Set calorimetry, 230 V

Set gas laws with glass jacket, 230 V

Function and Applications With this setup a great number of measurements to heat capacities, reaction enthalpies, solution enthalpies, neutralisation enthalpies, melting enthalpies and enthalpies of mixtures can be carried out. Advantages This set allows to execute the measurements in a didactical clear and easy way: ▪ ▪

the transparent calorimetric vessel allows at every time a free insight into the system the heat capacity of the calorimetric system itself is determined especially conveniently by supplying an exactly known amount of electric heating energy to the system

Equipment and Technical Data It will be delivered complete with tripod material and all necessary small hardware items. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Calorimeter, transparent Heating coil with sockets Magnetic stirrer Work and power meter Universal power supply Small hardware items- CD with literature

Not included are temperature measuring instruments. Accessory data acquisition set with Cobra3 Basic Unit for recording the temperature by means of a PC. 43030-88

Cobra3 Data acquisition set for set calorimetry Function and Applications This set allows the computer-assisted measuring and evaluation of temperature in a comfortable way for experiments with the "Set calorimetry".

Function and Applications With this set, experiments on the following topics can be carried out: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Gas law of Boyle-Mariotte Gas law of Gay-Lussac Gas law of Amonton (Charles) Determination of molar masses according to the vapor density method

Benefits This set allows to execute the measurements in a didactical clear and easy understandable way: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

clear set-up easy to understand completely mercury-free quickly to execute short preparation time

Equipment and technical data It will be delivered complete with tripod material and all necessary small hardware items: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Glass jacket Gas syringe Heater Tripod material Small hardware items CD with literature

Not included are measuring instruments as thermometers or manometers. Accessories Data acquisition set with Cobra3 Basic unit for recording the measured data by means of a PC. 43003-88

Advantages Because the temperature data are recorded with a PC it is very easy to analyse and represent the results fast and graphically. Equipment and Technical Data

Cobra3 Data acquisition set for set gas laws 43003-30

The set is completely supplied with all small hardware items which are required to mount the temperature probe in the calorimetric vessel. Scope of delivery: Cobra3 BASIC-UNI USB, Power supply unit 12 V DC/ 2 A, Software Cobra3 Temperature, Measuring module, Temperature Pt100, Temperature probe, immersion type, Pt100, Small hardware items 43030-30

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Cobra3 Set automatic titration, 230 V

This set allows to execute themeasurements in a didactical clear andeasy way:- small costs- easy to understand for the students- quickly to execute- because the measured values arerecorded with an interface thetitration curves can be representedeasily Equipment and technical data It will be delivered complete withtripod material and all necessary smallhardware items:- Cobra3-ChemUnit- Software measure- pHelectrode- Immersion temperature probe, Teflon- Drop counter- Magnetic stirrer- Small hardware items- CD with literature Accessories Conductivity-probe for the recordingof conductivity titration 43050-88

Function and Applications

Electrophysiology Lab, 230 V

With this setup titrations can be carried out completely automatised, e.g. quantitative analyses, determination of concentrations, determination of dissociation constants of weak bases and acids. Benefits This set allows to execute measurements in a didactical clear and easy way: All system components are visible and thus easily identifiable, Precise, reproducible results, Because measured values are recorded with an interface the titration curves can be presented easily Equipment and technical data Tripod material and all necessary small hardware items., Cobra3-Chem Unit, Software "measure", pH-electrode, Immersion temperature probe, Teflon, Motor piston burette, Magnetic stirrer, Small hardware items, CD with literature

Function and Applications

Accessories

Equipment and technical data

Conductivity-probe for the recording of conductivity titrations

computer interface with USB port, seven measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital), voltage output (5V and 0.2A) for 4mm connectors, data transfer rate 500 kHz, online frequency analysis, Bio-Amplifier with 100x and 1000x signal amplification and measurement settings for ECG, EMG and EOG, radial reflex hammer for the mechanical triggering of an inpulse to be connected directly to the computerinterface, with radial switch in the hammer head to start measurement, incl. 2 m long cable and two 4 mm plugs, electrode collecting cable to connect ECG and EMG electrodes, with color-coded cables (red, yellow, green), three stainless steel ECG electrodes, contact area 30 x 80 mm with connectors for electrode collecting cable, three EMG electrodes with cable and 2 mm-miniature connector, electrode gel to improve contact between electrodes and skin, storage box for accessories.

43040-88

Cobra3 set pH titration with drop counter, 230 V

Complete instrument set to perform computer-assisted standard experiments covering human and animal physiology: heart, muscle, eye, nerve.

65981-66

Cobra3 Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology

Function and Applications With this set titrations can be carriedout, at which the volume of addedreagent is determined with a dropcounter. This kind of application isfaster and more comfortable than amanual application. Possiblemeasurements are e.g. quantitativeanalyses, determination ofconcentrations, determination ofdissociation constants of weak basesand acids.

Function and Applications

Benefits

Instrument set to perform the following experiments:

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▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data The instrument set consists of ▪ ▪ ▪

Computer interface for data acquisision with 7 measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital inputs), one voltage output (5V and 0.2A) with 4mm sockets Sampling rate 500 kHz Online frequency analyser

Sensors for ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Temperature -20...110°C pH/ potential Conductivity Pressure Software for data analysis Lamp socket with reflector (diameter 20 cm) and 120 W filament lamp Special glassware Special stand material for the experiment setups

Neuron unit ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Simulates a generalised nerve cell with an apical dendrite and its synaptic contacts, a cell body (soma) and a nerve fibre (axon) with myelin sheathes and a Ranvier's ring. The dendrite comprises exciting, inhibiting, presynaptic and Hebbian synapses which are marked by the corresponding colours of the sockets. Here the axons end in presynaptic buttons. These are represented together with a part of the (afferent) fibre providing the signal. The connection between the (efferent) axon of a neuron unit which leads away or the stimulus output socket of the operating unit and a synapse is established by means of a white cable which is inserted into the desired synapse socket. The yellow sockets serve for the derivation of the state of excitement of the simulated neuron. They are connected to a computer interface. The action potentials can be made audible with the aid of the integrated acoustic monitor. The turning knob "S" serves for setting the "firing threshold" of the neuron.

Neurobiology Lab, 230 V 65963-11 Additional nerve cell 65963-10

Required Accessories ▪

Standard lab equipment and chemicals

Basic set Biochemistry and plant physiology (Cobra3) 65980-88 Standard labware set for Biochemistry & plant physiology, 230 V 65980-77

Cobra3, literature The diverse possibilities which the Cobra3 family offers are combined into extensive experiment collections. This includes, for example, more than 140 demonstration experiments and more than 120 experiments for college practical training in scientific specialist departments.

Cobra3-Set Neurobiology

Function and Applications Complete instrument set consisting of neuron unit, operating unit, computer interface, measure software for data acquisition and analysis, various cables and manual. Benefits ▪ ▪

With this instrument set 13 experiments covering the topic "nerve cell" can be performed. Optional upgrade available to perform additional experiments about nerve cell interactions and neuronal networks.

Handbook Cobra3, Physics Computer-assisted experiments with Cobra3 01310-02 Demo advanced Chemistry / Biology Manual Cobra3 (C3BT) 01320-02 Neurosimulator Handbook 01191-02 TESS expert Handbook Laboratory Experiments Physics 16508-02 TESS expert Handbook Laboratory Experiments Physics 16502-32 TESS expert Handbook Laboratory Experiments CHEMISTRY 16504-12 Labortory Experiments Biol., L.V. 16506-02

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Computer interface: 7 measurement inputs (5 analog and 2 digital inputs) One voltage output (5V and 0.2A) with 4 mm sockets Sampling rate 500 kHz and online frequency analyser.

Operating unit ▪

4 output channels which generate "muscle and sense signals", also serves as supply power to operate up to 4 neuron units.

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Cobra3, basic units There are four basic units, of which up to 8 items can be cascaded. As well as the COM-UNIT, which replaces the computer, and the DISPLAY UNIT, which can be used as a demo-display unit in connection with the other basic units, the BASIC UNIT and the CHEM UNIT play a central role as actual basic units for data acquisition.

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Interface: USB Data transfer rate: 115200 bit/s Memory: 12000 values Dimensions (mm): 190 x 135 x 90 Fail-safe plastic housing with support feet, several fixation possibilities and lateral docking option for further units.

Included accessories ▪

USB Cable

Required accessoires:

Cobra3 Basic-Unit, USB

▪

Cobra3 Power supply (12150-99)

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

Cobra3 Chem-Unit

Function and Applications Computer interface for measurement and control in naturalscience education (physics, chemistry and biology). Benefits ▪ ▪

Operation either with PC (USB port) or with special operation unit (COM-Unit). Upgrade for measurement of non-electrical quantities by use of plug-in modules.

Equipment and technical data 3 analog input channels ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Module port: ± 10 V Connection type: 25-pole Sub-D Sensor port 1: ± 30/ 10 V Connection type: 4 mm socket 9-pole Sub-D Input: grounded Input resistance: 500 kOhm Sensor port 2: ± 30/10/3/1/0.3/0.1 V Connection type: 4 mm sockets 9-pole Sub-D Difference potential input: Input resistance: 1 MOhm

For all analog inputs ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Maximum sampling rate: 500 kHz Online sampling rate: 5 kHz Burst-mode: 5 Hz...500 kHz Resolution: 12 bit Voltage protection: 230 V AC Trigger: adjustable

Timer/Counter 1 ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 32 bit Resolution: 800 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets

Timer/Counter 2 ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 40 bit Resolution: 200 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets Analog control output: ± 10 V Resolution: 12 bit Connection type: 9-pole Sub-D

General data ▪

Supply voltage: 12 V DC/ 6 W

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Function and application Allows to measure all important measuring quantities in chemistry and biology. Advantages You can run the Chem-Unit with a computer (via serial interface) or without a computer (combined with the Com-Unit). Equipment and specification: Inputs: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

pH/potential: 0...14 pH (0.01 pH); -2.2...+2.2 V (+/- 1 mV) 10 Giga-Ohm, BNC Conductivity: 6 ranges of measurement: 0...1000 mS/cm; pH/ Potential and conductivity are electrically isolated Temperature: NiCr-Ni thermoelement T1, T2, T3; -100...1500°C Temperature: Pt1000 sensor T4; measuring range -100...850°C Temperature sensor in housing T0; measuring range 0...85 °C. Analog In: 3 measuring ranges +/-3.2V; 32V; 81V TTL In/Out for drop counter or motor piston burett Voltage output: 5V / 0.2 A e.g.for drop counter Connections RS232-D-Sub-9 jack-Bit rate up to 115200 bit/s Voltage supply 12V/ 6W Shock-resistant plastic housing with support bases, a wide range of fixing possibilities and two lateral connectors for cascading further units

Cobra3 Chem-Unit 12153-00 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Cobra3 Display-Unit

Cobra3, software modules As well as the free software measure, with the aid of which all measured data can be evaluated securely and reliably, and interconnections represented rapidly, there are specially-coordinated software modules for every application. The selection is oriented either to the measurement variable or the project area of the experiment, or the universal applicability of the Cobra3 measuredvalue recording system.

Further Cobra3 software modules Function and Applications For large display of electrical and nonelectrical measured values and their units in combination with: ▪

Cobra3 Basic-Unit and Com-Unit with modules

▪

Cobra3 Chem-Unit and Com-Unit, hand-held measuring devices and electronic balances

Cobra3 Display Unit 12154-00 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

Cobra3 Com-Unit

Function and Applications: For using the Cobra3 Basic-Unit without a computer. Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Easy connection to the Basic-Unit by plugging it into the lateral edge connector. LCD display with background lighting for selecting and presenting the measurement data. It is possible to connect large-format displays for demonstration purposes. Selection wheel for a comfortable use of the menu and for entering data.

Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61 Software COBRA3 Temperature 14503-61 Software Cobra3, Oxygen 14505-61 Software Cobra3 Radioactivity 14506-61 Software Cobra3, Lux 14507-61 Software Cobra3 Conductivity 14508-61 Software Cobra3 pH and potential 14509-61 Software Cobra3, Pressure 14510-61 Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter 14511-61 Software Cobra3-Force/ Tesla 14515-61 Softw. Cobra3 translat./rotation 14512-61 Software Cobra3 - Fourier analysis 14514-61 Software Cobra3 - gas laws 14516-61 Software Cobra3-Weather station 14518-61 Software Cobra3-hall effect 14521-61 Software package Cobra3 for BASIC- and CHEM-UNIT 14540-61

Power supply (12151-99) required. Cobra3-Com-Unit 12152-00 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Cobra3, measurement modules and accessories All necessary units for the recording of different measurement variables, and/or for different subject areas: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Current/ Voltage Current, voltage, frequency Arbitrary voltage signals Movement Force Charging Acoustics, heart and vascular sound processing Temperature Pressure Gas laws Meteorological data Light strength/ light intensity Magnetic field Radioactivity Hall effect pH-value and potential Conductance Titration Scales Dissolved oxygen Nerve physiology

▪ ▪

Limiting frequency: 20 kHz Continuity resistance: < 0.01 Ohm

Cobra3 current probe 6A 12126-00 Cobra3 current probe 30A 12127-00

Cobra3 Industry-Sensor-Adapter

Function and Applications

Measurement context: Voltage and current

The Industry sensor adapter is used to adapt commercially available industrial sensors with 2-, 3- and 4-conductor technology to the Cobra3 interfacesystem. Benefits:

Cobra3 Current probes

▪

All sensor signals are converted into the Cobra3-typical 0...10 V signal.

Equipment and technical data: ▪

Supply voltage output: 24 V DC/50 mA

max. Signal input: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

2-conductor 4...20 mA: R_i = 500 Ohm 3-conductor 0...20 mA: R_i = 500 Ohm 4-conductor 0...10 mA: R_i = 130 kOhm Signal output (Cobra3):0...10 V or 2...10 V DC Resolution 5 mV (corresponds to 10 mA sensor signal)

12132-00 Function and Applications These galvanically separated sensors serve for measurements of direct and alternating currents. Equipment and technical data Plastic housing with 4-mm safety sockets. 350-mm data cable enabling the connection to the appropriate interface. Dimensions of sensors: 97 x 42 x 25 (mm). Weight: approx. 0.12 kg. Current probe 6 A: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 6 A, 0.6 A Continuous current: max. 6 A Accuracy: +/- 1.5 % Resolution: 0.1 % (of end value of measuring range) Limiting frequency: 20 kHz Continuity resistance: < 0.02 Ohm

Current probe 30 A: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 30 A, 3 A Continuous current: max. 25 A Accuracy: +/- 1.5% Resolution: 0.1 % (of end value of measuring range)

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Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61 Software Cobra3 - Fourier analysis 14514-61

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measurement context: Current, voltage, frequency programmable voltage and current source

Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Arbitrary voltage signals Cobra3 Measuring module function generator Measuring devices with analogue output

Function and Applications Plug-in measurement module for generating sinusoidal, square-wave and triangular-wave signals, direct voltages and frequency- or voltage-ramps. Benefits: The module can be used as a voltage or current source: ▪ ▪ ▪

If it is used as a voltage source, the actual frequency and current can be displayed and measured during operation If it is used as a current source, the actual frequency and voltage can be displayed and measured. In addition, up to 2 measurement quantities can be recorded and evaluated with the help of an interface.

Equipment and technical data:

Meter for Stirling engine, pVnT 04371-97 Control Unit for Si-Photodetector 08735-99 Control unit gas chromatograph 36670-99 Biological amplifier 65961-93

Frequency ranges: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Range 1: 200 Hz-20 kHz Interval: 10 Hz Range 2: 2 Hz-200 Hz Interval: 1 Hz Signal form: Sinusoidal, square-wave, triangular-wave signals, direct voltages and frequency- or voltage-ramps

Stirling engine with Cobra3

Voltage source: ▪ ▪ ▪

Amplitude: 0 V...10 V Interval: 5 mV Offset voltage: -10 V...10 V(adjustable)

Current source: ▪ ▪ ▪

Amplitude: 0 mA...100 mA Interval: 5 mA Offset current: 100 mA...100 mA

12111-00

Principle The Stirling engine is submitted to a load by means of an adjustable torquemeter, or by a coupled generator. Rotation frequency and temperature changes of the Stirling engine are observed. Effective mechanical energy and power, as well as effective electrical power, are assessed as a function of rotation frequency. The amount of energy converted to work per cycle can be determ-

Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

ined with the assistance of the pV diagram. The efficiency of the Stirling engine can be estimated.

Light barrier, compact

Tasks 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Determination of the burner's thermal efficiency Calibration of the sensor unit. Calculation of the total energy produced by the engine through determination of the cycle area on the oscilloscope screen, using transparent paper and coordinate paper. Assessment of the mechanical work per revolution, and calculation of the mechanical power output as a function of the rotation frequency, with the assistance of the torque meter. Assessment of the electric power output as a function of the rotation frequency. Efficiency assessment.

What you can learn about First and second law of thermodynamics, Reversible cycles, Isochoric and isothermal changes, Gas jaws, Efficiency, Stirling engine, Conversion of heat, Thermal pump Literature for this experiment as follows: TESS expert Handbook Laboratory Experiments Physics 16502-32 English

Function and Applications Universal fork-type light barrier to measure short and long shadowingperiods. Benefits:

P2360415

▪

Measurement context: Movement

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An incremental wheel with a string groove which can be attached to the fork of the light barrier allows to measure paths by counting the ribs of the incremental wheel. Areas of application: track experiments, freefall, pendulum experiments, leaf springoscillations, drop counters, volumetric measurements concerning the gas laws.

Equipment and technical data:

Movement sensor with cable

▪ ▪

Dimensions: 40 x 40 mm Supply voltage: 5 V

11207-20

Softw. Cobra3 translat./rotation

14512-61

Falling sphere apparatus

Function and Applications Low-friction incremental decoder with a high resolution to detect rotary movements and linear movements. Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

String grooves Ø6 mm, 12 mm. dimensions: (72x34x113) mm Plastic housing with mounting shaft and cable Resolution 512 steps / revolution

Function and technical data Determination of the gravitational acceleration of the earth with great precision.

12004-10

Benefits: ▪

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The exclusively mechanical retention of the falling body allows to avoid mistakes caused by residual magnetism from electromagnetic retention systems for precision measurements of the falling times of a free falling ball.

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

▪ ▪ ▪

Release unit with ball for timely defined local release of suited bodies, e.g. balls, falling rods,etc. Impact switch release and impacts witch are fixed to a support by means of clamps. This allows to determine the falling trajectory arbitrarily.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪

Release unit with ball Impact switch

02502-88

Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring forces in conjunction with the Newton sensor (no.12110.01). Benefits: Especially suitable for experiments dealing with extremely small forces, e.g. surface tension experiments, Coulomb's law, current balance etc. Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring ±4 mN, ±40 mN, ranges ±400 mN, ±4 N Resolution 0.0035 mN,0.035 mN, 0.35 mN, 3.5 mN Compensation± 4 N in every measuring range. Dimensions: (100x50x40) mm

12110-00

Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter 14511-61 Light barrier, compact 11207-20 Beam stopper 02504-00

Newton sensor

Measurement context: Force

Cobra3 Measuring module Newton

Function and Applications For connecting to the COBRA3 force measurement module. Metal casing with load-bearing hooks for tension forces and load plate for handling compression forces. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

With mounting rod and fixed mains lead End limit sensors for overload protection Lifting range 0.4 mm/N approx. Measuring range: max. +/- 4 N Resolution: max. +/- 0.0035 mN Compensation: +/- 4 N Dimensions (mm): 62 x 40 x 120

12110-01

Cobra3 newton sensor +/- 50N

Function and Applications

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Force sensor with 4 strain gauges in full bridge circuit, with tare function, load hooks and fixing screw for assembly to stands.

Equipment and technical data ▪

Benefits: ▪ ▪

With 1.9 m fixed cable between sensor and probe Including 350 mm data cable 2 x Sub-D, 9-pin type.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: ± 50/15/5/1/0.5 N Resolution: 0.1% of upper limit of effective range Max. loading: 120 N Limiting frequency: 500 Hz Tare: possible in every measuring range max. 50 N Dimensions (mm): 70 x 50 x 15 Weight (only sensor): 80 g

12125-00

Software Cobra3-Force/ Tesla

14515-61

Measurement context: Charge

Electrometer Amplifier

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Power supply via 4 mm sockets or wall power supply with hole socket Operation temperature: 5...40°C Relative humidity: < 80% Gain/ amplification: 1.0 Input resistance: > 10000 GOhm Input current: < 0.5 pA Input capacitance: < 50 pF Input voltage: Amplifier (socket 1): ± 10 V2. input (socket 2): 1 kV Power supply: 12 V AC/25 mA hole socket: 2.1/5.5 mm or External power source: 12 V AC25 mA 4 mm sockets or: Cobra3 interface: ± 15 V RS232 socket Output voltage: ± 10 V Output current: 1 mA Output resistance: < 500 Ohm Dimensions H × W × D (mm): 65 × 113 × 35 Weight: 150 g

Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61 Electrometer Amplifier 13621-00 Data cable for cobra probes 12150-07

Measurement context: Acoustics, heart and vascular sound processing

Measuring microphone

Function and Applications With an integrated amplifier and three selectable output modes: level, signal,TTL-level. Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Continuously adjustable amplification. Amplifier with minimum current requirements. Powered by a battery. Automatic shutdown after about 90 min if powered by a battery. Reactivation by means of a push-button.

Equipment and technical data: Function and Applications Operational amplifier with high resistance input for quasi-static voltage measurement and measurement of very small charges.

▪

Frequency range: 30 Hz...20kHz, (15...30 Hz and 20...40 kHz) with a reduced reception 25 cm sensor tube (d = 8 mm) ensuring an interference-free measurement of soundfields Flexible shielded cable (l = 2m), BNC plug threaded rod for secure fastening

Benefits

▪ ▪

03542-00

excellence in science 938

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measuring microphone w.amplifier

Software Cobra3 Timer/Counter 14511-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Temperature

Cobra3, sensor -20..110 C

Function and Applications Electret capsule with 1.5 m long cable suitable for special investigations, e.g. point shaped plotting of soundfields. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Frequency range 30 Hz ... 20 kHz Sensitivity 6.0 mV/Pa at 1 kHz Gain 0 ... 1000 in phase with sound signal Signal output 4V max. at 3 Ohm Dimensions: (mm) 120 x 25 x 60

Required accessory ▪

9 V battery

03543-00

Acoustic probe for COBRA3

Function and Applications To be connected directly to the sensorports of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT. Equipment and techical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Sensor sheathing: stainless sationsteel Diameter: 6 mm Sensor length: 200 mm Measuring range: -20°C...+110°C Resolution: 0.2°C Total length incl. cable: 1.5 m

12120-00

Cobra3 Measuring module, temp. NiCrNi, 330°C

Function and Applications Highly sensitive miniature microphone for measuring cardiac and vascular sound and for determining the heartbeat rate. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Electret microphone with FET amplifier Including a 1.5 m cable with 9-pin Sub-Dplug Frequency range: 50 Hz...20 kHz

03544-00

Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring temperatures by means of NiCr-Ni thermocouples in the range of -50. 330°C. Benefits ▪

Can be combined with the pressure measuring module,e.g. to record vapour-pressure diagramsor to compensate the influence of thetemperature on the electric conductivity or the pH value in solutions together with the corresponding modules and sensors.

Equipment and technical data Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 - Fourier analysis 14514-61

▪ ▪

Measuring range -50...333°C Resolution: 0.2°C.

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 939

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measuring module, Temperature NiCr-Ni, 330°C 12104-00 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05

Measuring mod.,Temperature PT100

Temperature sensor Pt1000 with 4 mm plug connectors (for CHEM UNIT)

Function and Applications For temperature measurement and for automatic temperature compensation of the pH and conductance measurement, with the employment of measurement cells, without built-in temperature sensor. Connection: 4 mm plug connector. Temperature probe Pt-1000 13702-01 Temp. probe Pt-1000, 10m cable 07139-01

Software COBRA3 Temperature 14503-61 Software Cobra3 - gas laws 14516-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61

Measurement context: Pressure Function and Applications Plug-in module for a high-resolution measurement of temperatures using Pt 100 sensors. Benefits ▪ ▪

Cobra3 Pressure sensors

Two sensors can be connected simultaneously (multiplexing). Measurement of the temperature difference with a resolution of 0.01 K.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -60...350°C Resolution: 0.01 K

Measuring mod.,Temperature PT100 12102-00 Temp. probe, immersion type, Pt100, stainless steel, -20...+300°C 11759-01 Surface temperature probe PT100, -20...+300°C 11759-02 Temp.probe, imm., PT100, -20...+300°C, teflon 11759-04 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00

Function and Applications Absolute and differential pressure sensors for overpressure and vacuum systems. Can be used in combination with a Pc and the Cobra3 Basic-Unit or without a PC combined with the Cobra3 Basic-Unit and the Cobra3 Com-Unit. Benefits ▪ ▪

With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment. Including data cable for Cobra3 sensors.

Equipment and technical data

excellence in science 940

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

35 cm data cable Measuring range: 80 mbar and 2.0 bar, respectively Autorange: (80-8-2,4) mbar and (0.6-2.0) bar, respectively Max. pressure: 750 mbar and 10 bar, respectively Accuracy: 5 % and 1.5 %, respectively Resolution: 0.05 % Dimensions (mm): 75 x 42 x 25

Cobra3 press. sensor 2.0 bar abs. 12128-00 Cobra3 press. sensor 80 mbar diff. 12130-00 Cobra3 press. sensor 2.0 bar diff. 12129-00

Software Cobra3, Pressure 14510-61 Software Cobra3 - gas laws 14516-61 Software Cobra3-Weather station 14518-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Benefits ▪ ▪

▪

With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment (the vacuum rubber tubing no.39288.00 is recommended for extension purposes). The measuring module replaces mercury manometers or crusher gauges normally used for studying the gas laws, for recording vapour-pressure diagrams or for measuring the barometric pressure. Pressure sensor integrated in the measuring mod.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range 0...2000 hPa Resolution 0.5 hPa Overload capacity up to 4000 hPa Response time ≤1 ms Suitable media: non-aggressive gases and liquids

Measuring module, pressure 12103-00 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Modulconverter COBRA3-mea.unit 12150-04

Cobra3 Measuring module Temperature NiCr-Ni, 330°C

Measurement context: Gas laws

Cobra3 Measuring module, pressure

Function and Applications Plug-in module for Cobra3 interface. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -50...+330°C Resolution: 0.2°C. Dimensions (mm): 100 x 50 x 40

Measuring module, Temperature NiCr-Ni, 330°C 12104-00 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Cobra3, sensor -20..110 C 12120-00

Software Cobra3 - gas laws

Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring pressures or pressure differences.

14516-61

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 941

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measurement context: Meteorological data

Humidity sensor for Cobra3

Software Cobra3-Weather station

14518-61

Measurement context: Light strength/ light intensity

Photo diode, G1

Function and Applications Measurement of relative humidity (RH), absolute humidity and temperature with Cobra3 Basic-UNIT. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cup anemometer for Cobra3

Function and Applications Wind sensor with large speed measurement range of 4 to 140 km/h for fitting to masts or support rods or poles. Benefits Can be screwed onto the tripod rod/pole (M6) or attached to any mast or jib using the fixing angle supplied. Equipment and technical data Operating temperature: o...+70°C Measuring range: 1...40m/s resp. 4....140km/h max. switching capacity: 0.6V weight: 0.3kg dimensions: 112 x 162 x 140 mm

12124-00

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Photo diode, G1 Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪

12121-00

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications

Plastic housing (37 x 18 x 32 mm) with 4mm plugs in 19 mm spacing Open circuit voltage 380 mV at 1 klx Short circuit current: approx. 35μA at 1klx

Photo diode, G1 39119-01 resistor 470 Ohm, 1W, G1 39104-15

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Cobra3 Measuring module lux

Measurement context: Magnetic field

Cobra3 Measuring module, Tesla

Function and Applications

Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring the illuminance. Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪

Measuring range selectable with the aid of the software. Measuring Range, resolution: 300 Lx 0.15 Lx; 3 kLx1.5 Lx; 30 kLx 15 Lx; 300 kLx 150 Lx

Measuring module lux 12107-00 Luxmeter probe 12107-01 Lux immersion probe, 10m cable 07137-01

Software Cobra3, Lux 14507-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Plug-in module for a precise measurement of magnetic DC and AC fields. Advantages ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measurements possible from 5 µT to 1T. Detection of the field direction (sign) in the case of DC fields. Software-controlled zero adjustment and compensation of interference fields up to ± 1 T. Readily calibrated, i.e. no calibration magnet necessary. Use of the Hall probes of the teslameter no. 13610.93. Measuring ranges: ± 10 mT, ± 100 mT, ± 1 T. Max. resolution: 5 µT (12 bit). Compensation ± 1 T in all measuring ranges.

Measuring module, Tesla 12109-00 Hall probe, axial 13610-01 Hall probe, tangential, protection cap 13610-02 Software Cobra3-Force/ Tesla 14515-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 943

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measurement context: Radioactivity

Cobra3 Counter tube module

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Self-quenching halogen triggered tube with chrome-iron jacket and mica window, for investigating alpha-, beta- and gammarays. Handle for attachment included. Including a grill protecting the counter tube. Mica: 2 ...3 mg cm2 Working voltage: 500 V Plateau length: 200 V Plateau increase: 0.04 %/ V Dead time: about 100 µs Zero effect: aboout 45 pulses/ min Case diameter: 22 mm Diameter of counter tube: 45 mm Length of counter tube: 80 mm Weight: 320 g

09007-00

Counter tube holder on fix. magn.

Function and Applications Counter tube module 12106-00 Counter tube, type A, BNC 09025-11 Counter tube, type B 09005-00

Counter tube, GM, 45 mm

Function and Applications Highly sensitiv counter tube, especially suitable to investigate weakly radioactive samples. Because of the large active area experiments with natural beam sources deliver very good results. Benefits In the implementation of student experiments a radioactive source is no longer necessary.

excellence in science 944

For base plate (09200-00) or Physics demonstration board (02120-00). For attaching counting tubes with 22 mm casing diameter. Equipment and technical data Painted. Metal holder with placement marks and magnet with sturdy non-slip foil. Adhesive force 10 N. Counter tube holder on fix.magn. 09201-00 Holder f.counter tube large 09206-00 Screened cable, BNC, l 250 mm 07542-10 Screened cable, BNC, l 750 mm 07542-11

Software Cobra3 Radioactivity 14506-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Measurement context: Hall effect

Cobra3 Measuring module pH/ potential

Hall effect module

Function and applications Hall module with central power supply to provide an adjustable constant current for the sample and for the integrated sample heater. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

digital LED display (3 digits, 9 mm) to show either the sample current or the sample temperature sample heater with fully automatic temperature control system to avoid damage to the samples electronic compensating circuit for Hall voltage offset compensation RS 232 interface to connect an interface for comfortable data capturing, display and evaluation using a PC Different boards can be plugged easily and safely into the Hall module which requires only a 12 V AC power supply. The Hall module provides all operating parameters for the samples and displays the sample.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Max. current of probe: +/- 60 mA Max. temperature of probe: 175 °C Power supply: 12 V AC/ max. 3.5 A Dimensions: 16 x 10.5 x 2.5 cm Weight: 0.25 kg

Hall effect module 11801-00 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Hall effect,n-Ge,carrier board 11802-01 Hall effect,p-Ge,carrier board 11805-01 Intrins.conduct.Ge,carrier board 11807-01 Measuring module, Tesla 12109-00 Hall probe, tangential, protection cap 13610-02 Software Cobra3-hall effect 14521-61

Measurement context: pH-value and potential

Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring pH values and potentials. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪

Front DIN-socket for pH probe. Temperature probe calibration and compensation are software controlled. Plastic housing with D-sub-25-plug on the back .

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Range -2... +2 V Resolution 1 mV Input impedance 10 ohms exp. 12 Impact-resistant plastic housing Dimensions: 100 x 50 x 40 mm

Measuring module pH/potential 12101-00 pH electrode, sterilisable 18456-00 pH-electrode, shock resistant 18452-00 pH-electrode, polythene sheathed 18450-00 Reference electrode, AgCl 18475-00 Platin.electrode in prot.tube,8mm 45206-00 pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Conductance

Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Titration

Motor piston burette, univer.

Cobra3 Measuring module Conductivity

Function and Application For uniform portioning and reproducible titrations - microprocessor controlled and with remote control. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Plug-in module for conductivity measurements. Benefits ▪

Can be connected to the module port and/or sensor port 1 or 2 (with moduleconverter and data cable)

Display: LCD matrix (64 x 128 pixels) Dispensing accuracy: +/- 0.15 % Burette volume: 50 ml Display accuracy: 0.01 ml Glass cylinder: DURAN® Line voltage: 230 VAC

Motor.piston burette,univer.50ml 36499-93 Cable Chem-Unit/Motor piston burette 36501-01 Cable Basic-Unit/Motor piston burette 36501-03

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4 Measuring ranges 0...0.2/2/20/200mS/cm Measuring frequency approx. 4 kHz dimensions: (100x50x40) mm cell constant: 0,85...1,15/cm Plastic housing with rear D-sub-25-plug

Light barrier, compact

Measuring module Conductivity 12108-00 Conductivity probe K1 18151-02 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01 Software Cobra3 Conductivity 14508-61 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61 Function and Applications

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Universal fork-type light barrier to measure short and long shadowingperiods.

scaling. Integrated application programs: Counting, %-weighing, net total/recipe; animal weighing; switchover between 2 units

Benefits:

Equipment and technical data Readability: 1 mg, weighing range: 620 g, weighing scale pan diameter: 110 mm (stainless steel), Adjustable feet for level installation, integrated bi-directional serial interface (RS232) for simple data transfer, casing dimensions (mm): 213 x 342 x 153, included power supply unit included in the scope of delivery, mains power connection voltage: 230 V~, including measure software for weighing scales.

An incremental wheel with a string groove which can be attached to the fork of the light barrier allows to measure paths by counting the ribs of the incremental wheel., Areas of application: track experiments, freefall, pendulum experiments, leaf springoscillations, drop counters, volumetric measurements concerning the gas laws. Equipment and technical data: Dimensions: 40 x 40 mm, Supply voltage: 5 V 11207-20

Set of Precision Balance Sartorius CPA 623S and measure software, 230 V 49224-88 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Balance adapter, 25/9 pins 14601-01 Converter USB - RS232, active 14602-10

Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61 Software Cobra3 Conductivity 14508-61 Software Cobra3 pH and potential 14509-61

Measurement context: Scales

Set composed of Sartorius weighing scale and software

Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Dissolved oxygen

Cobra3 Measuring module,oxygen

Function and Applications Set composed of Sartorius CPA623S weighing scale, with built-in RS232 interface and the measure software for weighing scales. (The series-connection cables for the connecting of the weighing scale with the PC are not included in the scope of delivery.) The Sartorius weighing scales of the CP series offer many technical advantages, which ensure the permanent operation of the weighing scales with maximum measurement accuracy: Monolithic weighing system technology, robust, precise, reliable - for years! Benefits Four digital filter stages; with these the weighing scale can be adapted optimally to the environmental conditions at the installation location. Internal, motor-operated adjustment weight: Highest weighing scale precision by simple key press. Calibration and adjustment function isoCAL: It guarantees the constant high precision of the weighing scale through a regular, fully-automatic adjustment. Exceptional read-off, back-lit display with particularly large characters (16.5 mm). Simple operation; all keys with perceptible pressing point; clear operator panel. Functional wind protection; detachable side disks for precise dosing. Perfect purity. Large scale pan: For more convenient

Function and Applications Plug-in module for oxygen measurements.

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6 Additional material 6.3 Cobra3

Benefits: ▪ ▪

Neurosimulator

Simultaneous measurement of the oxygen concentration and the temperature using the oxygen/ temperature probe no.12105.01. If there is also a pressure measuring module or a conductivity measuring module these can be connected to a free sensor port for correcting the atmospheric pressure or the salt content.

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring ranges O2-concentration 0.30 mg/l O2-saturation 0.2% Temperature 0.5 °C Accuracy O2 2% of the measured value Temperature automatic compensation (0.5 °C) Atmospheric pressure correction: manual or automatic using the pressure module Salt content correction manual or automatic using the conductivity module Electrode in air saturated calibration water or in the air.

Measuring module,oxygen 12105-00 Oxygen/Temperature probe 12105-01 Software Cobra3, Oxygen 14505-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Measurement context: Neurophysiology

Biological amplifier

Function and applications The neurosimulator simulates a generalised nerve cell with an apical dendrite, a cell body and a nerve fibre. Neuro-simulator 65963-00 Neuro-simulator, power supply 65963-93 Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Software Cobra3 PowerGraph 14525-61

Further information You will find further information on the possibilities of computerassisted recording of neurophysiological data in the respective chapters.

Accessories

With the aid of this biological amplifier a wide range of electrophysiological experiments can be carried out on human beings (ECG, EMG, EEG, EOG, ENG) and animals. Biological amplifier 65961-93 Reflex hammer, triggering 65981-10 ECG electrodes, 3/pkg 65981-01 EMG electrodes, 3 off 65981-02 Electrode commoning cable 65981-03

excellence in science 948

Modulconverter COBRA3-mea.unit 12150-04 Converter USB - RS232, active 14602-10 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99

Data cable for cobra probes 12150-07 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Data cable USB, plug type A/B, 1.8 m 14608-00 USB 2.0 4 Port Hub, incl. Power supply 14612-00 Data cable, socket/socket, null modem, 9 pole 14603-00

6 Additional material 6.4 Power supply units

Power supply units 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4

Small to medium voltage power supply units Stabilised and regulated power supply units High-voltage power supply units Signal generators

950 952 955 956

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6.4 Power supply units 6.4.1 Small to medium voltage power supply units

Multitap transformer, 14 VAC/ 12 VDC, 5 A

Variable transformer, 25 VAC/ 20 VDC, 12 A

Function and Applications Power supply unit for low voltage supplies DC and AC voltages in2 V steps. Equipment and technical data Galvanic isolation for all outputs, free-of-ground, Selection of voltage output via one side fixed 4 mm bridge plug, AC output: 2/4/6/8/10/ 12/14 V/5 A, DC output: 2/4/6/8/10/12/14 V/5 A, Max. current (short term): 10 A, Max. power: 80 VA, Fuses: 10 A , SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 230 V AC, DIMENSIONS (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 13533-93

Function and Application Standard heavy duty power supply unit for low voltage. Supplies unit for continuously adjustable DC and AC voltages & 2 frequently required fixed voltages Equipment and technical data AC output: 0...25 V/12 A, DC output: 0...20 V/12 A, Max. current (short term): 13 A, Add. fixed voltages: 6 V AC/6 A12 V AC/6 A, Max. current (short term): 10 A, Max. power: 375 VA, Fuses: one 13 A and two 10 A, supply voltage: 230 V AC, dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 234 13531-93

Power supply variable 15 VAC/ 12 VDC/ 5 A Variable transformer 25 VAC /20 VDC, with display

Function and Applications Standard heavy duty power supply unit for low voltage. Supplies unit for continuously adjustable DC and AC voltages & 2 frequently required fixed voltages Equipment and technical data AC output: 0...15 V/5 A, DC output: 0...12 V/5 A, Max. current (short term): 10 A, Add. fixed voltages: 6 V AC/6 A12 V AC/6 A, Max. current (short term): 10 A, Max. power: 150 VA, Fuses: one 6 A and two 10 A, Supply voltage: 230 V AC, dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 13530-93

Function and Applications Standard heavy duty power supply unit for low voltage. Supplies continously adjustable DC and AC voltages & 2 frequently requiredfixed voltages. Equipment and technical data AC output: 0...25 V/12 A, DC output: 0...20 V/12 A, Max. current (short term): 13 A, Add. fixed voltages: 6 V AC/6 A12 V AC/6 A, Max. current (short term): 10 A, Max. power: 375 VA, Fuses: one 13 A and two 10 A , Displays: 2 analogue meters for current voltage, supply voltage: 230 V AC, dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 234

13532-93

excellence in science 950

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.1 Small to medium voltage power supply units

Variable transformer 36 VAC/ 30 VDC, 18 A

Function and Applications Supplies a continuously adjustable DC and alternating current; with two ironvane instruments for voltage and current, switch between DC and alternating voltage; start-up current attenuation. Equipment and technical data Galvanically isolated from the mains and non-grounded; protected also with an over current circuit-breaker. U, Imax (continuous), 0.36 V~, 18 A, 0.30 V-, 18 A, U, Imax (short term) 30 V-/36 V~, 20 A, Protection devices (secondary, automatic) 1 Circuit breaker, Power input 750 VA, Mains voltage 230 V~/50.60 Hz, Housing dimensions (mm) 370×235×234 13537-93

Transformer 3 phase 3-23/40V,3A

Variable transformer/ display 250/ 230 VAC/ DC

Function and Applications Heavy duty variable transformer with particularly high load capacity. Equipment and technical data Outputs galvanically isolated from the mains and non-grounded; overload and short circuit protected through overload safety switch (circuit breaker); protection class 2 (protective insulation, VDE 0550); startup current attenuation avoids circuit breaker tripping when switched on; DC and alternating current is continuously variable. 2 iron vane instruments for exact display (effective value) of output voltage and current.-output: 0-250 V~/ 6 A; 4-mm-safetyplugs; parallel 2 pole plug; 0.230 V-/ 6A; bridge rectifier-protection: through overload safetyswitch (circuit breaker)-start up current attenuation: start up sequence max. 3/min for mains voltages, voltages with Bor L- characteristic fuses-mains voltage: 230 V~/50.60 Hz-power consumption: 1500 VA-housing dimensions: 370×236×234 mm 13535-93

Lamp transformer, 220 V - 6-12V AC/ 90 VA

Function and Applications Low-voltage three-phase transformer for star and delta circuits. Equipment and technical data Switchable output voltages: 10/17 V~ (3-phase) and 23/40 V~ /max. 3 A, Star point withstands full loading, 3 x 3-A automatic circuit breakers, Floating outputs, 4-mm safety sockets, Mains switch and indicator lamp, Mains lead with Cekon three-phase earthed plug, Mains connection (three phase): 230/400 V, Impact-resistant, stackable plastic case with carrying handle and stand, Dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 13665-96

Function and Applications Safety transformer,primary & secondary windings separated spatially & electrically. Equipment and technical data Output voltage available on 4 mm plugsecurity sockets.Output: 6 V AC / 5 APower supply voltage: 230 V ACCasing dimensions (mm):70 x 85 x 60 07473-93

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 951

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.2 Stabilised and regulated power supply units

Power supply, 5V/ 1A, +/-15 V

Power supply, universal

Function and Applications 3 DC voltage outputs; useful for electronic experiments.

Function and Applications

Equipment and technical data

Versatile heavy duty power supply which can also be used as a constant current supply in schools, laboratories or workshops.

Output voltage ± 15 V/ 0.2 A; 5 V/ 1.0 A; 4-mm safety plugs; residual ripple < 5 mV; power consumption approx. 35 VA; mains voltage 230 V/ 50.60 Hz; housing dimensions 194 × 140 × 130 mm. 13502-93

Power supply 0...12 V DC / 6 V, 12 V AC, 230 Volt

Equipment and technical data Direct current source: Stabilised, regulated output direct voltage, continuously adjustable from 0...18 V, Adjustable current limit between 0...5 A, LED display for constant current operationn, Permantely short-circuit proof &protected against exterior voltages, Alternative voltage output:, Multitap transformer 2...15V, outputs galvanically separated from mains grid, Full load capacity (5A), even if direct current is supplied simultaneously, Short-circuit protection through overcurrent circuit breaker, All output voltages available at 4 mm safety plug sockets. 13500-93

Power supply, universal, analog display

Function and Applications High quality power supply specially suitable for student experiments in electricity and electronics as well as for demonstration. Equipment and technical data Stabilised, Shortcircuit proof , Output voltage: 1...12 V DC 6 VAC, 12 VA, Crated current: 2 A/ 5 A, Ripple: approx. 1 MV, Resistance: 1 mOhm, Mains voltage: 230 V, Housing dimensions: 194 x 140 x 130 mm

Function and Applications Same as 13500-93. Equipment and technical data

13505-93

Additionally along with an analog display instrument with measuring ranges of 0.18 V and 0-5 A and a commutating switch for voltage/current measurement. 13501-93

excellence in science 952

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.2 Stabilised and regulated power supply units

Power supply -2op-, 2x15V/2A

Function and Applications Specially suited for electronics experiments. Equipment and technical data Output voltage 2x0...15Vnominal current 2A / 1Acurrent regulation 0...2Ainternal resistance <= 10mOhmmains voltage 230V / 50...60Hzpower consumption 170 VAhousing dimensions 230x236x168mm 13520-93

Power supply 0-30VDC/20A,stabil

Power supply, 0...600 VDC

Function and Applications Power supply with 5 output voltages especially designed for experiments with tubes, fine beams and conducting the Frank-Hertz experiment. Benefits Electronically stabilised DC voltages, short-circuit protected, galvanically isolated from one another so that they can be possible to connected in series, featuring LED current-limiting indicator and protection against polarity reversal, AC voltage with automatic circuit breaker, All outputs are floating and isolated from the mains and use 4-mm safety sockets. Equipment and technical data Output 1: 0...12 V-/0.5 A, Stability: < 0.1 %, Residual ripple: < 5 mV, Output 2: 0...50 V-/50 mA, Stability: < 0.01 %, Residual ripple: < 5 mV, Outputs 3/4: 300 V-/0...300 V-/50 mA, Stability: < 0.01 %, Residual ripple: < 20 mV, Output 5: 6.3 V~/2 A, Power consumption: 100 VA approx., Mains voltage: 230 V~, Impact-resistant, stackable plastic case with carrying handle and stand, Dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 13672-93

Power supply 12V AC/500 mA

Function and Applications Heavy duty power supply with stabilised output voltage, low residual ripple and with constant current operation. Equipment and technical data Two moving coil instruments for simultaneous display of voltage and current. LED display of constant voltage and current operation. Output voltage: 0...30 VDC Nominal current: 0.2...20 A Residual ripples: 30 mV Required power: 900 V AInterior resistance: 40 mOhm Output is earth and mains-free, 4mm safety bushes. Power supply voltage: 230 V Impact resistant, stackable plastic housing with carrying handle and fold-away stand. Dimensions: 370 x 236 x 234 mm 13536-93

Function and Applications Power supply for AC output voltage with output safety plug, to be use for e.g. electrometer amplifier 13621-00. Equipment and technical data Output: 12 V AC/500 mA Supply voltage: 230 V AC Dimensions [mm]: 70 x 50 x 40Mass: 500 g 11074-93

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 953

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.2 Stabilised and regulated power supply units

Pow.suppl.3/4,5/6/7,5/9/12V 0.25A

Power supply 5 V DC/2.4 A with 4 mm plugs

Function and Applications Short circuit proof plug-in powersupply unit. Equipment and technical data Function and Applications Plug-in power supply for powering small appliances. Equipment and technical data 6-position sliding switch for selecting various output voltages, Fixed output lead with end socket to accommodate 7 different adapter plugs with polarity labelling, Output: 3 / 4.5 / 6 / 7,5 / 9 / 12 V DC, 250 mA, Mains voltage: 230 V~

With built-in 1.3 m connection cord and 4 mm plugs. Output: 5 V DC / 2.4 AInput voltage: 110...230 V AC 11076-99

Power supply 12V / 2A

11078-93

Power supply 5 VDC/2.4 A withDC-socket 2.1 mm

Function and Applications Small switching power supply with safetey class 2. Benefits Stabilised output voltage and short circuit resistant., Including power supply cable., Recommended for use with Cobra3. Function and Applications

Equipment and technical data

Power supply 5 VDC/2.4 A withDC-socket

Supply voltage: 100...230 V AC, Supply frequency: 50...60 Hz

Equipment and technical data Power supply with plug and 1.3 m line cable and 2 m cable on secondary output side., Output side: DC-socket 2.1 mm, Input voltage: 100...260 V AC, Frequency: 50...60 Hz, Output voltage: 5 V DC, Output current: 2.4 A, Output plug:Outer diameter: 5 mm and Inner diameter: 2.1 mm, Dimensions (mm): 40 Ă&#x2014; 41 Ă&#x2014; 120 mm, Weight: 345 g 13900-99

excellence in science 954

12151-99

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.3 High-voltage power supply units

High voltage supply unit, 0-10 kV

▪

Special safety sockets protect the user from unwanted spark discharges.

Equipment and technical data ▪

Continuously adjustable DC voltage of 0.25 kV

13671-93

Function and Applications For electrostatic experiments and for operation of spectral and gas discharge tubes. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

It supplies 3 continuously variable DC voltages isolated from earth and ground. Two of the voltages are connected in series 0-5 kV DC = total of 0 -10 kV DC. Selectable positive and negative polarity. 3-figure LED display. Outputs short-circuit proof. Special safety sockets. Modern plastic housing, impact resistant, easy to service, light stackable with retractable carrying handle and stand. Internal resistance: approx.5 MOhm. Ripple: < 0.5%. Supply voltage: 230 V. Short circuit current: max. 3 mA. Housing dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168.

13670-93

Power supply, high voltage, 0-25 kV

Function and Applications High voltage source, particularly suited for electrostatic experiments requiring a very high and exactly adjustable DC voltage. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

While operating gas discharge tubes, the drop voltage is to be checked at the integrated digital display, which should not rise above 5 kV for protection against radiation. Voltage stabilised through electronicregulation Demonstrative voltage display on at three digit LED-display Earthing socket allows the positive or the negative outputs to be grounded Gas discharge tubes can be operated without protective resistor

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 955

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.4 Signal generators

Power frequency generator, 10 Hz - 1 MHz

Function generator, 0.1 Hz - 100 KHz

Function and Applications Sinus and rectangular signal generator with signal and power output for optimal adaptation to different experimental circuits. Benfits Large frequency range, frequencies can be continuously adjusted to five decade areas, Output for sinus and regtangular signals, Power output for sinus Equipment and technical data Demonstative frequency display with 4 digit LED display, Supplementary headphone and loudspeaker connector jack Signal output: Max. output voltage Upp: approx. 6 V, Power: 1 W, Nominal final resistor: 4 Ohm, Distortion factor: < 1% (typically < 0.2%)

Function and Applications Versatile sine wave, triangle wave and square wave signal generator for student experiments, practical work and demonstration. Short circuit proof output. Constant output amplitude over the complete frequency range. Strong power output enables direct connection to a loudspeaker Equipment and technical data Frequency range: 0.1 Hz...100 kHz, Signal shape: Sine, triangle and square, Signal output: 20 V (open), 10 V Ra = 50 Ohm, Output power: approx. 0.25 W, Nominal terminal resistance: 50 Ohm, Distortion factor (typical): < 1 %, Power consumption: max. 5 VA, Mains voltage: 230 V/ 50...60 Hz, Housing dimensions (mm): 194 Ă&#x2014; 140 Ă&#x2014; 130

Power output: Max. output voltage Upp: approx. 18 V, Power: 10 W, Nominal final resistor: 4 Ohm, Distortion factor: < 1% (typically < 0.3%) Input: Input voltage range: Up = 0...1V, Electric strength: Up < 30V, Input resistance: 50 kOhm, Required power: max. 70 VA, Dimensions (mm): 370 x 236 x 168

13652-93

Sine wave generator, 10 Hz - 20 KHz

13650-93

excellence in science 956

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.4 Signal generators

Digital Function Generator, USB

Function and Applications Digital signal generator for use as a programmable voltage source in practical or demonstration experiments, particularly in the disciplines of acoustics, electrical engineering and electronics Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Can be used as universal stand-alone device or controlled via a USB interface (with a software package available as of 2011) Universally applicable thanks to broad, continually adjustable frequency range Usable as programmable voltage source via amplifier output Intuitive, menu-driven operation using control knob and function buttons, with help capability Illuminated monochrome graphic display for maximum visibility and readability Simple setting of voltage and frequency ramps in stand-alone mode Features V = f(f) output for easy reading of frequency in the form of a voltage - ideal for measuring circuit response to frequency ramps using an oscilloscope Low distortion and signal-to-noise ratio for brilliantly clear signals - ideal for acoustics/audio experiments

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Frequency range: 0.1Hz…1Mhz Steps: 0.1Hz Distortion factor: <0.5% Signal forms: Sine, triangle, square, frequency ramp, voltage ramp Amplifier output, short-circuit-proof, via BNC and 4-mm connectors: Output voltage : 0 … 20 Vpp for Rout > 40 Ω DC offset: ±10V (steps 5 mV) Power output: 5W (for up to 1A) where Rout = 20 Ω Headphone output via 3.5-mm jack socket: Switch for selecting standard headphones or speakers Output voltage: 0 … 1 Vpp for Rout = 400 Ω Sync (trigger) output via BNC: Output resistance: 50 Ω Logic level: CMOS (5V) V=f(f) output via BNC, short-circuit-proof: For outputting frequency in the form of a proportional voltage 0 ... 10V (0...1MHz) Sweep function for frequency ramp Monochrome graphic display with continuous setting for background illumination: 128 x 64 pixels USB 2.0 port Settings via buttons and knob or software-assisted via USB Power supply 100V~ - 240V~ at 50/60Hz Impact-resistant plastic case with carrying handle Dimensions (mm): 194 x 140 x 130

13654-99

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 957

6.4 Power supply units 6.4.4 Signal generators

excellence in science 958

6 Additional material 6.5 Measurement instruments

Measurement instruments 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5 6.5.6 6.5.7 6.5.8 6.5.9 6.5.10 6.5.11 6.5.12

Hand-held measuring instruments - electricity Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity Oscilloscopes, recorders Measuring amplifiers Time measuring instruments, counters Meteorological instruments Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers pH and conductivity measuring instruments Oxygen, lux and pressure measuring instruments Radioactivity, sound level and gas measuring instruments Photometers, spectroscopes, polarimeters, refractometers General - measurement instruments

960 963 967 968 970 973 974 981 987 989 991 994

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 959

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.1 Hand-held measuring instruments - electricity

Digital multimeter for pupils, AmpSafe, electronic overload protection

▪ ▪ ▪

Peak-Hold Auto power off Safety: IEC-1010-1; CAT II 1000 V

Accessories included ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

holster carrying case test leads typ-K- thermocouple probe battery and manual

07128-00

DMM with NiCr-Ni thermo couple Function and Applications Multimeter for measurement of voltages, current and resistance. Benefits Protected by an electronic relay this multimeter is completely overload protected., Ergonomically designed for pupils use, safe, with integrated shockabsorbing frame, Measurement of AC/DC voltage and current, resistance and contactless AC voltage detection via LED., Auto Power off.Built in pocket lamp (LED)., Overload protected by relay neverreplace a fuse again! Equipment and technical data Measurement ranges:, DC voltage: 0...600 V, AC voltage: 0...600 V~, DC current: 0...200 mA, AC current: 0...200 mA~, Resistance: 0...20 MOhm, Supply voltage:2 × 1,5 V AAA batteries, Dimensions H × W × D (mm):120 × 55 × 40, Mass: 160 g, 4 mm safety sockets- 12 mm , 3 1/2-digit LCD with maximum display, value: 2000- Autorange , DataHold function, Compliant to safety rules: IEC-1010-1, CAT III 1000 V Accessories included 2 × batteries AAA, 1 pair test probes, manual

Function and Applications Hand-held instrument for measurement of voltages, currents, resistances,capacitance, frequency and temperature; Benefits with continuity check function and diode test, auto power off,display illumination and measurement value hold function. Equipment and technical data

07127-00

Digital multimeter 2010

Overload protection by diodes and fine fuses for 0.2 A and 20 A., Plastic housing with rubber frame and 4 mm safety sockets., Thermocouple socket type K., 3 1/2-digit LC-display: 38 mm, Voltage:0...0.2/ 2/20/200/1000 V DC0...2/20/200/700 V AC, Current AC/DC: 0...0.2/2/ 20/200 mA0...20 A, Resistance: 0...200 Ohm0...2/20/200 kOhm/2/20 MOhm, Temperature: -20...760°C, Frequency: 0...20 kHz, Impedance: 10 MOhm, Dimensions (mm): 92 × 195 × 38, Mass: 380 g, Including test leads, 9 V batteryblock, NiCr-Ni thermocouple type K and manual. 07122-00

DMM, auto range, NiCr-Ni thermocouple

Function and Applications 3 ½ digit Steady performance digital-multimeter. Benefits ▪ ▪

provides an overload protection and the functions of measuring like DCV,ACV, DCA, ACA, resistance, capacitance,frequency, diode, continuity test with buzzer and temperature; ideal for the education- and service-fields.

Equipment and techical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

3 ½-dgt. LCD display, 28 mm, with backlight manual range selection low battery indicationh FE-Test

excellence in science 960

Function and Applications

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.1 Hand-held measuring instruments - electricity

Hand-held instrument for measurement of voltages, currents, resistances, capacitance, frequency and temperature with autorange. Benefits With continuity check function and diode test, auto power off, display illumination,°C/°F selection, battery tester, high current adapter and measurement value hold function. Overload protection by diodes and fine fuses for 0.4 A and 20 A. Equipment and technical data Plastic housing with rubber frame and 4 mm safety sockets. Thermo couple socket type K.3 3/4-digit LC-display: 38 mm Voltage:0...0.4/ 4/40/400/1000 V DC0...4/40/400/700 V AC Current AC/DC: 0...0.4/4/40/ 400 mA0...4/20 A With high current adaptor:0...400 A AC/DC Resistance: 0...400 Ohm0...4/40/400 kOhm/4/40 MOhm Capacitance:0...40/ 400 nF/4/40/100 µF Temperature: -20...760°C Frequency:0...5/50/500 Hz/5/50/500/5000 kHz Impedance: 10 MOhm Dimensions (mm): 92 × 195 × 38 Mass: 380 g Including test leads, 9 V battery block, NiCr-Ni thermo couple type K and manual.

testPeak detectDATA-, MAX-, MIN-HOLDRelative functionAuto and manual range selectionAuto power off and low batteryindicationSaftey: EN 61010-1/EK-1, CAT III 1000V/CAT IV 600VAccessories: test leads, carrying case,USB-interface cable, software forWindows98/ 2000/NTXP/VISTA/Win7 32bit/64bit,batteries and manualDCV 220 mV/ 2,2/22/220/1000 V; 0,1 mV; +/- 0,05 % + 3 dgt.ACV 220 mV/2,2/22/ 220/700 V; 0,1 mV; +/0,8 % + 4 dgt. / Frequency range: 40... 400 HzDCA 220/2200 µA/22/220 mA/10 A; 0,01 µA;+/- 0,8 % + 4 dgt.ACA 220/2200 µA/22/220 mA/10 A; 0,01 µA;+/- 1,0 % + 3 dgt. / Frequency range:40 ... 400 HzOhm 200 Ohm/2,2/22/220 kOhm/2,2/22/220MOhm; 0,01 Ohm; +/- 0,8 % + 2 dgt.Cap. 22/220nF/2,2/22/220µF/2,2/22/ 220nF;1nF; +/- 2,5 % + 3 dgt.Freq. 22/220 Hz/2,2/22/220 kHz; 0,01 Hz;+/- 0,2 % + 3 dgt.Operating voltage 4 x 1,5 V (AA) Batt. Dimensions (WxHxD) 102 x 205 x 58 mm. Weight 390 g 07121-01

Voltmeter 5/ 15 V DC

07123-00

DMM with USB interface, auto range

Voltmeter 5/15 V DC, moving coil instrument,. Two ranges: 0 - 5 V DC, 0 - 15 V DC, class: 1.5. Scale length: 78 mm.

Function and Applications New constructed and GS-approved high class digital multimeter with 4 1/2digit multifunciton display (max.22000), 46-segment analogue bargraph and integrated USB-interface for easy connection with computer to realize macro recording, monitoring and capture of transient dyncamic data. Full input protection, backlight, and easy operating for choosing several measurement functions with the help of the clear view push button section. The True RMS AC voltage and current readings are other most important features of this new constructed multimeter. Equipment and technical data 21 mm, 4 1/2-digit LCD-display,backlight and 46-segement bargraph; max.display: 22000True RMS measurement for ACV and ACAUSB 2.0interface to transmit measuringdata to the PCDiode-, continuity-

Voltmeter 5/15 V DC 07037-00 Ammeter 1/5 A DC 07038-00 Voltmeter,0.3-300VDC,10-300VAC / 07035-00 Ammeter 1mA...3 A 07036-00 Galvanometer -3.5...0...3.5mil-A 07039-00 Multi-range meter, centre zero 07027-01 Multi-range meter/overl.prot.B 07026-00 Protect.sleeve f.meter, h 55mm 07026-01 Multi-range meter w.overl.prot. 07021-01

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 961

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.1 Hand-held measuring instruments - electricity

Multi-range meter, analogue

Function and Applications Moving coil instrument for measuring direct or alternating voltage or current, and also for measuring resistance. Low resistance current measurement ranges through current converter. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Overload protected by fuses Voltage: 100 mV...300 V~/ 10 V...300 V~ Current: 50 µA...3 A~/ 3 mA...10 A~ Resistance: 1 Ohm...500 kOhm Internal resistance: 20/ 6.7 kOhm/V~ (DC/ AC) Ohm/V~ Accuracy class: 2.5 Overload protection: with fuses and diodes Dimensions: 100 × 140 × 35 mm

Multi-range meter, analogue 07028-01 Multirange meter,zero left/centre 07041-00

excellence in science 962

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.2 Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity

Multimeter ADM1

Multimeter ADM2, demo., analoque

Function and Applications Electronic analogue multimeter for measuring direct and alternating voltage and current, and for measuring resistance. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Switchable, overload protected moving coil instrument for measuring direct and alternating voltage and current. Passive instrument. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Independent of a mains, battery or accumulator supply of power. Separate selection measuring range and type of current for clear settings. Reading of measured values made easy by automatic call-up of a scale with 30 or 100 divisions when the measuring range is selected. Scale is clearly visible from a distance, scale length 200 mm, digit height 20 mm. Extensive overload protection. System Moving coil measuring system (core magnet).

Equipement and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Accuracy Class 1.5 for DC, Class 2.5 for AC. Frequency range 10 Hz...10 kHz. Overload Voltage measuring ranges min. 230 V. Current measuring ranges: 1 A in measuring ranges to 0.3 A, 15 A in measuring ranges to 10 A. Dimensions (mm): 320 × 130 × 385 Weight approx. 5 kg

Multimeter ADM1, demo., analog 13810-00 Current transformer/Clamp Ammeter adaptor 07091-10 Fuse f 10 G, pkg of 10 07503-01 Fuse F 0.63H, pkg. of 10 07503-60 Battery cell 1.5 V, Mono, R20/UM-1, type D 07922-10 Fuse F 0.63H, pkg. of 10 07503-60 Fuse f 10 G, pkg of 10 07503-01 Current transformer/Clamp Ammeter adaptor 07091-10 Probe 10/1, cable length 1500 mm 17044-00 High voltage probe 40 kV, 1000:1 07029-20

▪ ▪ ▪

Eight demonstrative scales with a total of 66 measuring ranges. Measures direct or alternating current from 1 mikroA to 10 A. Measures direct or alternating voltage from 1 mV to 10 kV. Measures resistance up to 1 MOhm. Scale with zero in the middle with automatic middle positioning of pointer. Automatic switch-off of battery after approx. 50 min. Operatable and readable also from the back. Extensive overload protection in all measuring ranges even when line voltage is falsely applied. Eliminates the need for fuses and cutouts.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Display system: Moving coil measuring system (core magnet) Control display on the back 3 Digit LCD display with floating decimal point and sign Accuracy: Class 1.5 Rectifier principle: Effective value (True RMS-to-DC Converter) Frequency range: 15 Hz...20 kHz Signal shape: Arbitrary Power supply: 3 × 1.5 V Battery lifetime: 400 hours of operation Casing dimensions (mm): 320 × 190 × 385 Weight: 6.4 kg

13820-00

Moving coil instrument

Function and Applications Moving coil instrument for interchangeable range multipliers. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Plastic case with 4 mm sockets Case dim. approx. 260 x 105 x 290mm Overload protection by builtin protective devices

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 963

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.2 Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity

▪ ▪ ▪

Zero correction and setting of the pointer to scale center by setting wheel on the underside Scale length 187 mm readable from both rear- and front-side.

Electrostatic voltmeter, 7.5kV

11100-00

Accessories for moving coil instrument Range multiplier + 300 deg.C 11106-05 Range multiplier, 1 V DC 11104-31 Range multiplier, 1-0-1 mA DC 11102-71 Range multiplier, 10 mA DC 11102-11 Range multiplier, 10 V AC 11105-41 Range multiplier, 10 V DC 11104-41 Range multiplier, 100 mA DC 11102-21 Range multiplier, 100 mV DC 11104-21 Range multiplier, 100 micro-A DC 11102-81 Current transformer/Clamp Ammeter adaptor 07091-10 [deleted] Range multiplier, 3 V AC 11105-33 Range multiplier, 3 V DC 11104-33 Range multiplier, 30 V AC 11105-43 Range multiplier, 30 V DC 11104-43 Range multiplier, 300 mA DC 11102-23 Range multiplier, 300 V AC 11105-53 Range multiplier,30 mic.V-10 mV 11110-01 Range multiplier, 300 mV DC 11104-23 Probe 10/1, cable length 1500 mm 17044-00 Fuse F 0.63H, pkg. of 10 07503-60 Storage rack f. range multipliers 11101-01 Fuse f 10 G, pkg of 10 07503-01 Instrument fuse F 2 H, pkg.of 10 07503-02

Function and Applications For wattless measurement of direct and alternating voltages in the range1...7.5 kV, or 3...26 kV and 3...18- kV~ (eff.) Benefits ▪ ▪

For measuring charge in combination with a Faraday cup. Electrostatic measuring system, shielded against exterior electricfields.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Practically load-free measurements from 1 kV to 26 kV, because of the high input resistance > 1014. Insulation resistance of the ceramic high voltage socket > 1014 . The Plexiglas cover on the back allows a view of the system Integrated sphere spark gap The measured value can also be read from the back

11150-00

Electrostatic voltmeter, 26 kV

Function and Applications For powerless measurement of direct and alternating voltages in the range of 1...7.5 kV AC/ DC or 3...26 kV DC and 3...18 kV AC (eff.). To measure charges in combination with a Faraday cup. Accuracy class: 1.5. Limit frequency: 100 kHz...1 MHz (for 1...3.5 kV). Response voltage of sphere gap:12 kV (crest value). Capacity: approx. 30 pF. Length of scale: 187 mm. Zero adjustment: with knurled screw. Dimensions: 260 x 100 x 350 mm. Electrostatic voltmeter, 26 kV 11151-00

excellence in science 964

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.2 Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity

Connecting cord, 30 kV, 1000 mm 07367-00 Connecting cord, 30 kV, 500 mm 07366-00 Faraday pail 06231-00

Demomultimeter, p, pH, T, U, I, R, f, RS232, 230 V

Work and power meter Function and Applications Modern multi-purpose device for measuring of voltage, current, resistance, frequency, temperature, pressure and pH. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

45 mm LED-display LED-matrix for display of the units Serial port for connecting PC Auto-range function

Equipment and technical data Function and Applications For AC and DC circuits Equipment and technical data Two 4-digit, 20 mm LED-displays, Display 1 for real and apparent power,current, voltage, phase difference and freqency, Display 2 for energy and time, Selector for serial display of all units, LED-Statusdisplay and automactic range selection, Power: max. 2400 W, Resolution: max. 0.001 W, Voltage: 0-30V AC/DC, 0-240, Veff- Current: 0...10A AC/DC, Phasen difference: 0...+/- 90 degree, Frequency: 0...10000 Hz, Energy: max. 9999 Wh or Ws, Resolution: max. 0.001 Ws, Analog output for all units of disp. 1, Mains: 110/230V, 50/60Hz, Shock-resistant plastic housing with carry handle and base 13715-93

Teslameter, digital

Voltage: ▪ ▪

4 ranges: 0 mV - 500V AC/ DC Resolution: 0.1 mV/ 10 mV/ 100 mV/ 1 V

Current: ▪ ▪

3 ranges: 0 mA - 10 A Resolution: 0.1 mA/ 10 mA/ 100 mA

Resistance: ▪ ▪

5 ranges: 0 Ohm - 10 MOhm Resolution (Ohm): 1/ 10/ 100/ 1000 /100.000

Frequency: ▪ ▪

4 ranges: 1 Hz - 100 kHz Resolution: 1 Hz/ 10 Hz/ 100 Hz

Temperature: ▪ ▪

2 ranges 200°C - 1370°C Resolution: 0.1°C/1°C

pH- Resolution: ▪ ▪

1 range: 0 - 14 pH Resolution: 0.01

pH- Pressure: ▪ ▪

2 ranges: 0 - 7000 hPa Resolution: 0.1 hPa/ 1 hPa

Dimensions (mm): 288 x 165 x 235

Function and Applications For the measurement of magnetic DC and AC fields. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Teslameter with 3 1/2 digit LED display, 20 mm high 3 measuring ranges: 20 - 200 - 1000 mT fsd Sensitivity: 10 µT For alternating and direct fields Calibrated analogue output

Teslameter, digital 13610-93 Hall probe, axial 13610-01 Hall probe, tangential, protection cap 13610-02

Demomultimeter p, pH, T, U, I, R; RS 232, 230 V 13721-93 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 pH-electrode,plastic body,gel,BNC 46266-10 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 965

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.2 Demonstration measurement instruments - electricity

Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Software Demomultimeter 14409-61 Pressure sensor, absolute press. 07136-01 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Pressure sensor 2, 500-7000 hPa 07136-02

Electric field meter

Large-scale display, digital, RS-232 port

Function and Applications For measurement of static electric fields without losses and with the correct sign as well as for electrostatic measurement of voltages in those cases in which normal static voltmeters are not sensitive enough. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Special four-digit large-format display for presenting the measurement data supplied by the new Cobra4 Mobile-Link with Cobra4 Display-Connect, the Cobra3 Com-Unit, the PHYWE hand-held measuring instruments and Sartorius or Scaltec balances equipped with data interfaces. Benefits Fit for the future: The large-format display can be updated and adapted to other measuring instruments which are not available on the market yet. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4-digit digital display with a digit height of 56 mm Matrix display (15 × 14) pixels for presenting the units Serial interface (RS 232) for connecting a measuring instrument. Second connector for the simultaneous presentation of another measuring quantity. Threaded connectors for connecting support stands or a clamp (to attach the display to various experimental setups).

07157-93

excellence in science 966

▪ ▪

Measuring ranges: 1/ 10/ 100 kV/m, 10/ 100/ 1000 V Steel sheet casing on a rod Push-button key for measuring range selection Rotating knob for electric zero adjustment two pair of 4 mm sockets to connect power supply and measuring instrument Gold plated measuring head with gold plated winged wheel Voltage measuring attachment gold plated with two 4 mm sockets to connect voltage which is to be measured. Power supply: 14...18 VDC (e.g. from universal power supply 13500-93). Data output (9-pin Sub-D jack) for connection to the serial interface (RS 232) of a computer via the special cable supplied. Dimensions (mm): 70 x 70 x 150 Accessory (not included): Software Electric Field Meter (14406-61)

Electric field meter 11500-10 Meas.slit x10 f.elec.field meter 11500-03 Software f. electrofieldmeter 14406-61

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.3 Oscilloscopes, recorders

Oscilloscope, 50 MHz, 2 channels

Jitterfree, superb trigger sensitivity, Internal compensation circuit for lowdrift, With calibrator output for testing the transmission quality from probe to monitor Equipment and technical data Band width (-3dB): DC 10 Hz to 30 MHz, Modes: CH 1/2, ADD, DUAL, CHOP, ALT, Input impedance: 1 MOhm // 30 pF, Input voltage: 400 V DC or ACpp, Accuracy: ± 3 % (± 5 % at x 5 MAG), Mains voltage: 115/230 V AC, 50/60 Hz manual, , spare fuse,, Powercord,, 2 probes 11459-95

Function and Applications Oscilloscope for the measurement & storage off a st periodical & non periodical voltage signals.

25 MHz Digital storage oscilloscope with colour display, 2 x BNC cables l =75 cm incl. 11456-99

Equipment and technical data Oparation modes:Ch1,Ch2;altern.,chop,xy,sum,diff.invert.Ch2. Vertic. deflect.(analog/digital) Band width 2xDC...50 MHz, Deflect.(1mV-20V)/cm,14-calibr.Positions & variable. Horizont. deflect.(analog/digit.)

Probe 10/1, cable length 1500 mm 17044-00 High voltage probe 40 kV, 1000:1 07029-20

Time base (50ns-0,5s)/cm,22-calibr.positions & variable,delay,x-extension & hold-off-time., Trigger (analog/digital)Ch1,Ch2;altern.,mains or external,, with LED-display., Coupling ACDC-HF-LF Digital storage: Refresh, Roll,Single, XY,Envelope, Average, Random-Sampl., Dot-jointfunction, Post-pre-trigger Storage/CH 2kx8 Bit. Handling/Display : Auto Set, , Save & Recall, Readout, Frequ.measurem., Component tester, Cursor measurement(analog/digit.) Delta(U,t,1/ t),Gain,Rise,Time,Ratio X&Y,, Phase angle (only digit.): Pulse count, search, Peak-Peak, avm, rms., Scaled Screen (8x10)cm, Accelaration voltage 2 kV, Connect. (100-240)V;50/60Hz;42 W, Mass 6 kg, Dimensions (285 x 125 x 380) mm 11458-99

Oscilloscope, 150 MHz, 2 channels, RS-232 11452-99

Oscilloscope, 30 MHz, 2 channels

Function and Applications Oscilloscope in modern design and technology, especially destined for education and laboratory. Benefits

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 967

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.4 Measuring amplifiers

Universal measuring amplifier

Measurement range: 0.1 mV...10 V in 6 decade ranges, Input resistance: 10 gOhm Charge measurement Measurement range: 0.1 nAs...0.001 mAs in 5 decade ranges, Accuracy: 3%, Input: BNC socket, Overload protection: 250 V, Power supply: 230 V, Housing dimensions: 230 x 236 x 168 mm, Modern plastic housing, impact resistant, with retractable carrying handle and stand 13620-93

LF amplifier, 220 V

Function and Applications Universal measuring amplifier for amplification of AC and DC voltages. Suitable for practical exercises. Equipment and technical data input impedance: electrometer: > 10 (13) Ohm low drift: 10 kOhm input voltage: -10 to + 10 V, output voltage: -10 to + 10 V frequency ranges: V=1 0...100 kHz, V=10 0... 75 kHz, V=10(2) 0... 10 kHz, V=10(3) 0... 6 kHz, V=10(4) 0...2.5 kHz, V=10(5) 0... 2 kHz, mains voltage: 230 V AC, dimensions: 194 x 140 x 126 mm 13626-93

Function and Applications For amplifying direct and alternating voltage up to 100 kHz. Can be used for induction experiments and for examining acoustic and electromagnetic fields. Signal output for the amplified measured signal. Benefits

DC measuring amplifier

Effective value output for display of the effective value of the signal output voltage. , Power amplifier 12.5 W for weak acoustic frequency signals to control low resistance loudspeakers., For signals from frequency generators or computer interfaces., Amplification is continuously adjustable. Equipment and technical data Ampl. factor: 0.1...10000, continuously adjustable, Input impedance: 50 kOhm/ AC, 100 kOhm/ D, Input voltage: -10 V...+10 V, Frequency range: 3.5 Hz....200 kHz,, Accuracy of amplification factor: < 5% amplification factor, Output voltage: 10 Veff, Nominal final res.: 8 Ohm signal output, 1 kOhm RMS output, Load capacity: Permanently shortcircuit proof, Offset: Voltage compensation with potentiometer, Mains supply 230 V AC/ 50...60 Hz, Casing dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 13625-93

Function and Applications Versatile measuring amplifier for measurement of very small direct currents, electrical charges and for quasi-static measurements of DC voltages.

Difference amplifier

Equipment and technical data 8 current measurement ranges with very low voltage drop, 6 voltage measurement ranges with extremely high input resistance, 5 charge measurement ranges, Analogue output for connection of demonstration measurement instruments/ pen recorders, button for reversing output voltage, Selection of measurement modes using push-button, Diode indicators for active measurement range, Zero point adjustment, discharge button, range selection buttons Current measurement Measurement range: 0.01 nA...0.1 mA in 8 decade ranges, Voltage drop: 1 mV Voltage measurement

excellence in science 968

Function and Applications

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.4 Measuring amplifiers

For the simultaneous potential-free measurement of two voltages when connected to the inputs of a two channel oscilloscope.

Power supply 12V AC/500 mA

Benefits The high resistance difference inputs can be connected to any point of a circuit, without influencing the electrical behaviour of the circuit. , Allows demonstration of the phase shift between voltage and current in alternating current circuits., Enables characteristics to be presented in the xy operation mode of an oscilloscope., Input voltages can be added. Equipment and technical data amplification 1 ± 3%, frequency range for UE 20 Vss 0. 15 kHz, for UE 6 Vss 0.70 kHz, for UE 2 Vss 0.100 kHz, inputs A and B: connection 4-mm-pair of sockets, impedance 1 M_/10 pF, overload capacity mains voltage proof, outputs A and B: connection BNC-sockets; , internal resistance 100 Ohm, external resistance 10 kOhm, overload capacity short-circuit proof, mains supply 230 V, 50.60Hz, casing dimensions (mm) 190×110×60 11444-93

Electrometer Amplifier

Function and Applications Operational amplifier with high resistance input for quasi-static voltage measurement respectively charge measurement in fail-safeplastic housing. Benefits Suited for experiments with electrostaticse.g. charge measurement, capacity measurement of sphere-capacitor, measurement of direct voltages,quasistatic measurements and measurement of small currents. Equipment and technical data Power supply via 4 mm sockets or wall power supply with hole socket., Operation temperature: 5...40°C, Relative humidity: < 80%, Gain/ amplification: 1.0, Input resistance: > 10000 GOhm, Input current: < 0.5 pA, Input capacitance: < 50 pF, Input voltage:, Amplifier (socket 1): ± 10 V-, 2. input (socket 2): 1 kV , Power supply: 12 V AC/25 mA hole socket: 2.1/5.5 mm or, External power source: 12 V AC25 mA 4 mm sockets, or: Cobra3 interface: ± 15 V RS232 socket, Output voltage: ± 10 V, Output current: 1 mA, Output resistance: < 500 Ohm, Dimensions H × W × D (mm):65 × 113 × 35, Mass: 150 g 13621-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 969

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.5 Time measuring instruments, counters

Timer 2-1 ▪ ▪ ▪

▪

Function and Applications The chronometer Timer 2-1 has a 4-digit digital display and has been specially designed for use in student experiments and demonstrative teacher experiments. Benefits The starting and stopping of the built-in timer piece, as well as counting, is effected by the opening and closing of electrical circuits, across light barriers or other TTL signal sources., Many and various experimental requirements can be fullfilled with the 4 different operating modes that the Timer 2-1 makes available for track experiments, for the measurement of the time, of revolution, of a turning movement, for the direct measurement of the period of a full swing, of a mechanical pendulum and for the counting of events Equipment and technicla data (typical for 25°C) Operating temperature range: 5...40°C, Relative humidity: < 80% Control: (Start/ Stop) by electricalcircuits (contact closure/ contact opening or level ACC to TTL-Norm), Digital display: 4-Digit LED display, digit height 19 mm, Time measurement: Measuring range 0.000...9.999 s, resolution 1 ms, Pulse counting:Measurement range 0...9999 pulses, Limiting frequency 1 kHz,, shading period > 500 µs, Operating voltage: (Stabilized) 5 V ± 5 %, (suitable power supply 5 VDC/ 2.4 A, 13900-99, standardly supplied), Power consumption: 1.8 VA, Supply connector: connecting socket for hollow plug, diam. 2.1 mm at the back of the instrument, 5 VDC/ 350 mA, Overvoltage and reverse polarity protection: up to max. 12 V, Housing dimensions (mm): 190 × 130 × 140 (W, H, D), Weight: approx. 920 g 13607-99

Universal Counter

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al specifics of how it specifically arise from the requirements of science teaching practice. For the scientifically correct representation of each measurement is shown in principle with the associated unit. With the overflow of the display is automatically switched into the next area. Before the measurement starts it can be manually adjusted to a maximum of 6 decades defined range, eg to suppress is not physically meaningful digits on the display. A special jack for direct connection of a GM counter tube is available for radioactivity experiments. The required voltage can be changed manually to determine the characteristics of a counter tubes to. The stopwatch function can be entered by means of electrical contacts, sensors, or manually in the various types of triggers for the precise starting and stopping for time measurement. The measured values are represented by six red 20mm highcontrast 7-segment displays. An additional three-digit display is used to display the unit (ms, s, Hz, kHz, MHz, I / s, RPM, Imp, V, m / s). The various operating states are indicated by LEDs. Range switching in all modes manually (before measurement) and automatically when an overflow.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Operating temperature range 5th .. 40 ° C Relative humidity <80% Digital display: Measurement reading LED 6-digit, 7-segment, 20 mm Units LED 3-digit, 5x7 dot matrix Units ms, s, Hz, kHz, MHz, I / s, RPM, Imp, V, m / s Signal Input: Signal bandwidth 0.1 Hz .. 10 MHz Counter Tube Input voltage 150 V. .. 660 V (factory setting: 500V) with manual adjustment Photoelectric output for power supply of 5 V sat. max 1 A Stopwatch 0.000 ... 99,999.9 s, resolution 1 ms Timer 0.000 ms ... 3999.99 s, resolution1µs Velocity 0.000 m/s...9999, 9 m / s, resolution 0.001 m / s Period measurement 0.000 ms ... 99.9999 s, resolution 1µs Frequency measurement 0.00 Hz .. 9.99999 MHz, resolution 10 mHz Speed measurement 6. .. 99,999 RPM, 1 RPM resolution Pulse counting 0. .. 999,999 Imp Pulse rate measurement 0.0 ... 99,999.9 I / s Mains supply: Mains voltage 110 .. 240 V, 50/60 Hz, 20 VA Housing dimensions (W, H, D) 370 x 168 x 236 (mm) Mass of 2.9 kilograms

Universal Counter 13601-99 Software Universal counter 14412-61

Timer 4-4 with USB-interface

Function and Applications The universal counter is used for measuring time, frequency, pulse rates, pulse counting, periodic times, speeds and velocities. Benefits ▪

The device has all the qualities that are expected of a modern universal counter and is also equipped with a number of technic-

excellence in science 970

Function and Applications

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.5 Time measuring instruments, counters

Measures up to 4 times simultaneously. Multiple time measuring instrument for a variety of applications in teaching, wherever times are to be accurately measured. The timer unit has four 4 digit displays. The starting and stopping of the four built-in independent timers is actuated by the opening or closing of electrical circuits, or by means of light barriers or other TTL signal sources (e.g. a microphone).

Timer meas.modes: single, add., auto& double , Display: 6 digit, LED, 20 mm highf or measured values, diode matrix 3 digit,20 mm for all units, Loudspeaker can be turned off., Modern plastic casing, shock-proofeasy to service, light & stackablewith retractable carrying handle and set-up foot. , Dimensions:230 x 236 x 234 mm

Benefits The 6 different operating modes allow the timer unit to be adjusted to suit almost any experimental requirement. Three different operating modes are suitable for track experiments (distance-time law for four tracks, measurement of speed at four positions, principles of collisions), and in each case all four displays are utilized. Two further operating modes allow, for example, the measurement of the orbiting time of a rotary movement and the direct measurement of the duration of a complete swing of a mechanical pendulum. If required, two of the 4-digit displays can be combined to give an 8-digit display (0000.0000 to 9999.9999).

13603-93

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Timer / Counter

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Four 4-digit LED displays Digit height: 9 mm Number of timers: 4 Measuring range: 0.000...9.999 s or 0000.0000...9999.9999 s Resolution: 1 ms or 0.1 ms Control (start/ stop): By electrical circuits (contact closure / contact opening or level according to TTL norm) Integrated power supplies for lightbarriers 4 × 5 V, 1.5 A Mains supply: 100...240 V~, 50...60 Hz Power requirement: 18 VA Dimensions (mm): 184 × 140 × 130 USB - interface for PC-based experiments

Timer 4-4 with USB-interface 13604-99 Software Timer 4-4 14413-61

Digital counter, 6-decade

Function and Applications Sensor-Unit of the Cobra4 family. Interface-module with timer and counter functionality for up to four light barriers, one measuring microphone, movement sensor, falling sphere apparatus or other devices with TTLcompatible signals. Optionally anexternal trigger device can be used (switch, starter system for motion track, ...). The measured values of the sensor can be transmitted with the Cobra4 Wireless manager and the Cobra4 Wireless-Link by radio or with the USB-Link to the PC. All Cobra4 sensor-units are quickly connectable through a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection. Some applications: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

linear Motion incl. laws of collision with motion and air track free fall with picket fences or falling ball apparatus oscillations rotational motion frequency of acoustical signals

Benefis ▪ ▪ Function and Applications Microprocessor controlled universal counter for experiments in mechanics, acoustics, electricityelectronics and radioactivity. Equipment and technical data: Operating modes: Time: Stopwatch, additive & intermediate recording., 2 timers with 2time measurement possibiliteseach, one of which is storable., 8 triggering possibilites., Meas.range: 1000 s & 10000 s, Frequency: 3 ranges 10kHz to10MegaHz, Rate: Measuring range:10000 Imp/s, 8 triggering alternatives:1 s to100 s, Period: 0.1 s to 10 s, RPM: 100000 RPM/min, gate times: 1 s / 10 s, Impulse: max.100000Imp , selectable display of impulses, meas. time,or impulse rate, Inputs:4 mm pair of sockets for frequency, start/stop & stop for timer 1 & timer 2., Outputs: BNC for counting tubes electable between 200V & 500V; 4mm pair of sockets f.light barriers (5V/1A,short circuit proof)& f.analog output (5V/500 Imp/s)

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Accessories ▪ ▪

Light barrier, compact (up to 4 lightbarriers) Cobra4 adapter for Sensor-Unit Timer/Counter to connect a light barrier

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Timer/Counter 12651-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 971

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.5 Time measuring instruments, counters

160 x 25 x 105M6 , Threaded holes in casing: 7, Stem included: 100 mm, M6 thread

Cobra4 Junior-Link 12610-00

11207-30

Light barrier, compact PHYGATE USB interface for light barriers + software

Function and Applications Universal fork-type light barrier to measure short and long shadowing periods. Benefits ▪

An incremental wheel with a string groove which can be attached to the fork of the light barrier, which allows to measure distances by counting the ribs of the incremental wheel.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Dimensions: 40 x 40 mm Supply voltage: 5 V Incl. incremental wheel

Light barrier, compact 11207-20 Incremental wheel 11207-21 Adapter plate for Light barrier compact 11207-22

Light barrier with counter

Function and Applications With the function of an electronic time measuring and counting device. Benefits: 4 figureluminous display, selection switch for 4 operating modes, RESET key, BNC jack for exterior starting and/ or stopping of time measurement, TTL output to control peripheral devices, power supply connector (4 mm jacks) Equipment and technical Data: Fork width: 70 mm, Usable barrier depth: 65 mm, Sensitivity adjustable, Max. working frequency: 25 kHz, External dimensions (mm):

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PHYGATE can be used to connect the"Compact" light barrier to the USBinterface of the PC. Measured data fromup to 5 light barriers can be recordeddirectly at the computer using the"measure" software PHYCON and berepresented in graphical formimmediately. PHYGATE can be used in manyexperiments, for demonstratingtranslation, rotation and movement, forexample. 11207-25

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.6 Meteorological instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude

Measurement of relative humidity (RH), absolute humidity and temperature with Cobra3 Basic-UNIT. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

12121-00

Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

Weather station 04850-00 Weather station, wireless 04854-00 Weather monitor, 6 lines LCD 87997-10 Weather monitor with satellite-based data 87997-20 Demonstration barometer 02687-00

Cup anemometer for Cobra3

Equipment and technical data Relative Humidity: ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 100 % accuracy +/- 5 %

Air Pressure: ▪ ▪

measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar accuracy +/-5 %

Air Temperature: ▪ ▪

measurement range -40 - +125 °C accuracy +/- 0.5 °C

Brightness: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx accuracy +/- 5 % calculation using air pressure Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm Weight: 60 g

12670-00

Humidity sensor for Cobra3

Operating temperature: o...+70°C Measuring range: 1...40m/s resp. 4....140km/h max. switching capacity: 0.6V weight: 0.3kg dimensions: 112 x 162 x 140 mm

12124-00

Function and Applications

Rainfall gauge, diem type 04855-00 Cup anemometer 03085-10 Maximum-minimum thermometer 04160-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 973

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Temperature, semiconductor -20...110 °C

Air Pressure: ▪ ▪

measurement range 10 - 1100 mbar accuracy +/-5 %

Air Temperature: ▪ ▪

measurement range -40 - +125 °C accuracy +/- 0.5 °C

Brightness:

Funktion and Applications

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measurement range 0 - 10,000 lx accuracy +/- 5 % calculation using air pressure Data transfer rate for each sensor: 1 Hz Dimensions (L x B x H): 64 x 70 x 31 mm Weight: 60 g

Cobra4 -20..110°C Sensor-Unit Temperature-semiconductor 12670-00

Benefits ▪

can be connected directly to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni

12640-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather: Humidity, Air pressure,Temperature, Light intensity, Altitude Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH and 2 x temperature NiCr-Ni is a measuring recorder for pH, potential and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data Temperature: Function and Applications Depending on application type, the Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Weather can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection. Benefits ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data Relative Humidity: ▪ ▪

measurement range 0 - 100 % accuracy +/- 5 %

excellence in science 974

▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -200..+1200 °C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used

pH: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...14 Resolution 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range -2000..+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5% Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm, weight: 95 g

12630-00

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit 2 x Temperature, NiCr-Ni 12641-00

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity / Temperature (Pt1000)

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity /Temperature (Pt1000) is a measuring recorder for conductance measuring sensors with a cell constant of K = 1.00/cm and which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits: Function and applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics is a measuring recorder for pressure and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits ▪ ▪

It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Nithermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures and one absolut pressure value simultaneously. The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in/ lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -200...+1200°C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used

Pressure: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...2000 hPa Resolution 0.1 hPa Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5% Data flow rate: max. 5 Hz

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The Cobra4 sensor may be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data: Conductivity: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring Measuring

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring accuracy:-20.0°C..150.0°C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: ±0.5K (in the range 0..100°C) Measuring cycle: 0.8...2s (adjusted automatically) Dimensions approx. 62 mm x 63 mm

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000) 12632-00 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00

Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm x 35 mm. Weight: approx. 190 g

Cobra3, sensor -20..110 C Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni 12638-00 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05

Function and Applications To be connected directly to the sensorports of the Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT. Equipment and techical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Sensor sheathing: stainless sationsteel Diameter: 6 mm Sensor length: 200 mm Measuring range: -20°C...+110°C Resolution: 0.2°C

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 975

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

▪

Total length incl. cable: 1.5 m

12120-00

Cobra3 Measuring module temperature, NiCr-Ni, 330°C

Surface temperature probe PT100, -20...+300°C 11759-02 Temp.probe, imm., PT100, -20...+300°C, teflon 11759-04

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB

Function and Applications Computer interface for measurement and control in naturalscience education (physics, chemistry and biology). Benefits Measuring module, Temperature NiCr-Ni, 330°C 12104-00 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05

Cobra3 Measuring module temperature PT100

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Operation either with PC (USB port) or with special operation unit (COM-Unit). Upgrade for measurement of non-electrical quantities by use of plug-in modules.

Equipment and technical data 3 analog input channels: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Module port: ± 10 V Connection type: 25-pole Sub-D Sensor port 1: ± 30/10 V Connection type: 4 mm socket 9-pole Sub-D Input: grounded Input resistance: 500 kOhm Sensor port 2:± 30/10/3/1/0.3/0.1 V Connection type: 4 mm sockets 9-pole Sub-D Difference potential input:Input resistance: 1 MOhm

For all analog inputs: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Maximum sampling rate: 500 kHz Online sampling rate: 5 kHz Burst-mode: 5 Hz...500 kHz Resolution: 12 bit Voltage protection: 230 V AC Trigger: adjustable

Timer/Counter 1: ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 32 bit Resolution: 800 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets

Timer/Counter 2:

Measuring mod.,Temperature PT100 12102-00 Temp. probe, immersion type, Pt100, stainless steel, -20...+300°C 11759-01

excellence in science 976

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 40 bit Resolution: 200 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets Analog control output: ± 10 V Resolution: 12 bit Connection type: 9-pole Sub-D

General data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Supply voltage: 12 V DC/6 W Interface: USB Data transfer rate: 115200 bit/s Memory: 12000 values

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

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Dimensions (mm): 190 x 135 x 90 Fail-safe plastic housing with support feet, several fixation possibilities and lateral docking option for further units.

Includes accessories: ▪

USB Cable

Required accessoires: ▪

Cobra3 power supply 12150.99

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99 Software COBRA3 Temperature 14503-61 Cobra3 Chem-Unit 12153-00 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00 ADAPTER COND.4MM SOCKET/DIN PLUG 13701-02 Temp. probe Pt-1000, 10m cable 07139-01 Temperature probe Pt-1000 13702-01 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Converter USB - RS232, active 14602-10 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61

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2 LED displays, 4-digit , height 20 mm Plotter output Differential temperature measurement Calibration function (set 0.00) Automatic comparison of sensor differentials (adjust) Can be switched between °C and K display modes

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Meauring range: -50...+300°C Resolution: 0.1°C/( 0.01°C if 0.00 set) Pt 100 probes Connectors: 4 diode plugs, 5-pin Dimensions: 270 x 236 x 168 mm RS 232 C, 9600 baud

Temperature meter digital, 4-2 13617-90 Softw. temperature meter 4-2 14405-61 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00

Temperature immersion probe Pt100, stainless steel -20...+300°C Function and Applications Temperature probes Pt100 for temperature measuring device 4-2 (13617-93) in protective conduit of stainless steel and Teflon, or in movable gilded silver lamina in bent stainless steel tubing (11759-02). Precision of the absolute temperature: 0.1 K at 0°C to 0.2 K at 100°C. Connection cable with four isolated copper lines for the impedance measurement according to four-conductor method, 5-pole diode insert.

Temp. probe, immersion type, Pt100, stainless steel, -20...+300°C 11759-01 Surface temperature probe PT100, -20...+300°C 11759-02 Temp.probe, imm., PT100, -20...+300°C, teflon 11759-04

Digital thermometer, NiCr-Ni, -50...+1300°C

Temperature meter digital, 4-2

07050-00

Digital Thermometer, 2 x NiCr-Ni 07050-01

Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed

Function and Applications The equipment is suitable for the simultaneous measurement of up to 4 temperatures. Benefits The device has the following advantages in particular:

Function and Applications Thermocouple with standard type-K 2-pin flat plug which makes no contribution to the thermovoltage.

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 977

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

Benefits ▪

Suitable for use with a digital thermometer, hand-held temperature meter, or any interfaces using type-K connectors (e.g. Cobra 4 Thermodynamics or NiCr-Ni thermocouple sensor units)

Other measurements: up to 400°C, Delay: < 10 s, Length: 70 cm approx. 07019-01

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Magnesium oxide powder insulation Stainless steel sheath Response time: <1 s Cable: 1 m

Meter, 10/30 mV, 200 deg.C

Accessories temperature measuring

Protective sleeves f.temp.probe,2 11762-05 Holder for thermometer/tube, 3 pieces 38002-01 Glass tube holder with tape measure clamp 05961-00 Heat conductive paste,50 g 03747-00 Heat sensitive paper 04260-00

Laboratory thermometer

Function and Applications Enclosed-scale thermometer with blue or red filling; scale support in frosted glass, fixing of the weighing scale support above with melted glass pin; button or ring for support; in protective sleeve. Depth of immersion = 50 mm.

Function and Applications Meter for measurements with thermocouples. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Meter 10/30 mV moving coil instrument for temperature determination with diff. thermocouples to 1700 °C class 1.5 input resitance 50/100 Ohm mV-scale and temperature scale for Fe/Cu-Ni-thermocouple

Thermometer -10...+30 C 05949-00 Thermometer -10...+50 C 38034-00 Lab thermometer,-10..+50C 38055-00 Lab thermometer,-10..+100C 38056-00 Lab thermometer,w.stem,+15..+40C 38057-00 Lab thermometer,-10..+150C 38058-00 Lab thermometer,-10..+250C 38065-00

07019-00

Laboratory thermometer with immersion shaft Thermocouple Fe-CuNi 2,2 Ohm Function and Applications Equipment and technical data Thermocouple leads individually spun with glass fibre and woven together with glass fibre, Measuring probes point/welded and insulated, Two 4-mm plugs, Temperature range: Measurement at a specific point (one probe only): up to 700°C

excellence in science 978

Implementation as laboratory thermometer, with blue filling, depth of immersion = 160 mm, in protective sleeve. Lab thermometer,w.stem,+15..+40C 38059-00

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

Lab thermometer,w.stem,-10..+110C 38060-00 Lab thermometer,w.stem,-10..+250C 38061-01

Student thermometer

Function and applications Enclosed-scale thermometer with red toluene filling. Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪

Normal glass 16/III Measuring range: -100...+30 °C Can be calibrated

38151-00 Function and Applications Enclosed-scale thermometer with red filling; scale support in pasteboard; ring for support; in protective sleeve. Diameter 8 mm. Depth of immersion = length of the immersion shaft (rejuvenation of the glass tube). Students thermometer,-10...+110°C, l = 180 mm 38005-02 Students thermometer, -10...+110°C, l = 230 mm 38005-10

All-use thermometer 1°C subdivision (without Hg filling) Function and Applications Mercury-free, upright thermometer. Complete-immersion adjusted enclosed-scale thermometer with red or blue filling. Prismatic capillary tube, free, with protective sleeve. Lab thermom. -50...+50°C,w/o Hg 47038-00 Lab thermom. -10...+50°C,w/o Hg 47039-00 Lab thermom.-10...+100°C,w/o Hg 47040-00 Lab thermom.-10...+150°C,w/o Hg 47041-00 Lab thermom.-10...+200°C,w/o Hg 47042-00 Lab thermom.-10...+250°C,w/o Hg 47043-00

Lab thermometer, with stem, -10..+360°C, d = 6 mm Thermometer with a green ecologicallysafe (mercury-free) filling:* measuring range: -10...+360°C* division: 2°C* depth of immersion: 76 mm* diameter: 6 mm* length: 300 mm,* white background with a black skale* holding ring* delivery takes place inprotection-tube out of plastic 38069-00

All-use thermometer with Hg Function and Applications Mercury-content enclosed-scale thermometer, for daily laboratory use. Complete-immersion adjusted, prismatic capillary tube , free, with protective sleeve. Chemical thermometer,-10...+360 C 38008-00 Lab therm.-10...+200°C, grad.1° 47047-00

Precision thermometer with Hg, division <1°C Function and Applications Mercury-content precision thermometers with high resolution, calibratable, complete-immersion adjusted. For improved readability, blue-illuminated, prismatic measuring capillary tube, including protective sleeve. Thermometer, -10...+360 C 38029-00 Thermometer, -10...+ 50 C 38033-00

Laboratory straight enclosed-scale thermometer

Function and Applications Enclosed-scale thermometer with blue filling, measuring capillary tube prismatic, yellow background, scale support in frosted glass, in protective sleeve; upper diameter: approx. 17 mm; upright diameter: approx. 8 mm; depth of immersion = upright length. Lab thermometer,stem,-35..+50C 38062-00 Lab thermometer,stem,0..+100C 38063-00 Lab thermometer,stem,0..+250C 38064-00

Thermometer,-100....+30 C Clinical thermometer,+35...+42 C

Function and applications

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 979

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.7 Temperature measuring instruments, thermometers

Clinical thermometer for measuring maximum temperature, calibrated and mercury-free. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: +35...+42 °C Precision: +/- 0.1°C Complete with protective case

Function and applications The thermometer can be used to measure soil temperature simply by inserting it into the soil using the handles. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

04165-00

Clinical thermometer, digital

Temperature sensor made of normal glass in sturdy metal frame with a piercing tip, scale backing made of frosted glass Measuring range: -38°C ... +50°C Scale divisions: 1°C Penetration depth: up to 300 mm

64219-00

Non-graduated thermometer for thermal expansion Function and applications Calibrated electronic thermometer with digital display and alarm when final temperature reading is attained. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -32...+42°C Precision: 0.1°C Automatic cut-off: after 10 mins.

04166-00

Demonstration thermometer

Function and applications Demonstration thermometer with coloured filling. Advantages Thanks to its coloured scale, which can be seen well from a distance, this thermometer is well suited for use in demonstration experiments Equipment and technical data Measuring range: -60...+160°C, Scale divisions: 1°C, Total length: 500 mm.

This non-graduated thermometer is used for the preparation of the temperature scale through marking of the 2 fundamental points, melting point of ice 0°C and boiling point of water 100°C at an ambient pressure of 1013 hPa. Agitation thermometer, non-graduated With red alcohol filling, round capillary tube, white background, in glass rod, length 240 mm, diameter 8 mm. Non-graduated thermometer Thermometer with blue alcohol filling, prismatic capillary tube, attached on metal plate 330 mm x 35 mm. Demonstration thermometer, non-graduated With blue-colored alcohol filling which is readable from a distance, round capillary tube, attached on angled Al profile section so that the capillary is protected against mechanical damage to a large extent, Al profile section with bore and support bracket, 700 x 80 x 1.5 mm.

Stirring thermometer non-graduat. 38003-00 Thermometer, non-graduated 04256-00 Thermometer, ungraduated 04136-00

04135-00

Soil thermometer

excellence in science 980

Function and Applications

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni

pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connector

It can be fitted with two NiCr-Ni thermoelements (type K) and a pH probe or Redox measuring chain, in order to measure up to two temperatures and one pH or potential value simultaneously. The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technical data: Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: -200..+1200 °C Resolution: 0.1 K Measuring accuracy: equal to the accuracy of the gauges used Measuring range: 0...14 Resolution 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0,5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connection is a measuring recorder for pH and potential measurements, which is controlled by microcontroller. Benefits: ▪ ▪

pH: ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications

Measuring range -2000..+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

It canbe fitted with a pH probe or Redoxmeasuring chain, in order to measure pH or potential values. The unit can be connected to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Equipment and technicla data: pH: ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0...14pH Resolution: 0.01K Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

Potential: ▪ ▪ ▪

Data flow rate: 5 Hz Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Weight: 95 g

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Chemistry, pH and 2 x Temperature NiCr-Ni 12630-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link set, incl. rechargeable batteries, SD memory card, USB cable and software "measure" 12620-55 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04

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Measuring range: -2000...+2000 mV Resolution: 0.1 mV Measuring accuracy: ± 0.5%

Data flow rate: 5 Hz, Dimensions: approx. 62 mm x 63 mm, Weight: 70 g Cobra4 Sensor-Unit pH, BNC connector 12631-00 pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 981

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000)

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity, with stainless steel electrodes

Function and Applications

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity /Temperature (Pt1000) is a measuring recorder for conductance measuring sensors with a cell constant of K = 1.00/cm and which is controlled by micro-controller.

The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity/Temperature with stainless steel electrodes can be connected directly to the Cobra4 Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Benefits: The Cobra4 sensor may be connected directly to the Cobra4 WirelessLink, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4USB-Link using a secure and reliable plug-in / lockable connection.

Benefits

Equipment and technical data:

Equipment and technical data

Conductivity:

▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range 1: 0.0 .. approx. 2,500.0 µS/cm, Measuring accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.15 µS/cm Measuring range 2: 0 .. approx. 45,000 µS/cm, Measuring accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±3 µS/cm Measuring range 3: 0.00 .. approx. 1,100 mS/cm, Measuring accuracy: 4% of the measuring value ±0.05 mS/cm

Temperature: Measuring accuracy:-20.0°C..150.0°C, Resolution: 0.1 K, Measuring accuracy: ±0.5K (in the range 0..100°C) Measuring cycle: 0.8...2s (adjusted automatically), Dimensions approx. 62 mm x 63 mm Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Conductivity+, Conductivity/ Temperature (Pt1000) 12632-00 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00

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Particularly good application for school and outdoor experimentation, as the measuring gauge is already firmly connected.

Measuring range: 0.2 µS/cm...200 mS/cm Measuring accuracy: 6% of the measuringvalue ± 0,2µS/cm Resolution: 0.1 µS/cm, 1 µS/cm, 10µS/cm, 100 µS/cm

Temperature: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

12633-00

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB

Function and Applications Computer interface for measurement and control in naturalscience education (physics, chemistry and biology).

excellence in science 982

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

Benefits ▪ ▪

Operation either with PC (USB port) or with special operation unit (COM-Unit). Upgrade for measurement of non-electrical quantities by use of plug-in modules.

Equipment and technical data 3 analog input channels: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Module port: ± 10 V Connection type: 25-pole Sub-D Sensor port 1: ± 30/10 V Connection type: 4 mm socket 9-pole Sub-D Input: grounded Input resistance: 500 kOhm Sensor port 2:± 30/10/3/1/0.3/0.1 V Connection type: 4 mm sockets 9-pole Sub-D Difference potential input:Input resistance: 1 MOhm

For all analog inputs: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Maximum sampling rate: 500 kHz Online sampling rate: 5 kHz Burst-mode: 5 Hz...500 kHz Resolution: 12 bit Voltage protection: 230 V AC Trigger: adjustable

Timer/Counter 1: ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 32 bit Resolution: 800 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets

Timer/Counter 2: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Number of counts: 40 bit Resolution: 200 ns Connection type: 4 mm sockets Analog control output: ± 10 V Resolution: 12 bit Connection type: 9-pole Sub-D

General data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Supply voltage: 12 V DC/6 W Interface: USB Data transfer rate: 115200 bit/s Memory: 12000 values Dimensions (mm): 190 x 135 x 90 Fail-safe plastic housing with support feet, several fixation possibilities and lateral docking option for further units.

Includes accessories: ▪

USB Cable

Required accessoires: ▪

Cobra3 power supply 12150.99

Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99 Measuring module pH/potential 12101-00 pH-electrode, polythene sheathed 18450-00 pH-electrode, shock resistant 18452-00 Reference electrode, AgCl 18475-00 Platin.electrode in prot.tube,8mm 45206-00

Software Cobra3 Universal recorder 14504-61 Measuring module Conductivity 12108-00 Conductivity probe K1 18151-02 Software Cobra3 Conductivity 14508-61 Cobra3, sensor -20..110 C 12120-00 Cobra3 Chem-Unit 12153-00 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Redox electrode, BNC 46267-10 Temp. probe Pt-1000, 10m cable 07139-01 Temp. probe, imm. type, Pt1000, Cobra3 12123-00 Temperature probe Pt-1000 13702-01 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01 Conductivity probe K1 18151-02 ADAPTER COND.4MM SOCKET/DIN PLUG 13701-02 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Converter USB - RS232, active 14602-10 Power supply 12V / 2A 12151-99 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520-61

Demomultimeter, p, pH, T, U, I, R, f, RS232, 230 V

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 983

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

Funktion und Verwendung

Digital pH-meter

Modern multi-purpose device for measuring of voltage, current, resistance, frequency, temperature, pressure and pH Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

45 mm LED-display LED-matrix for display of the units serial port for connecting PC Auto-range function

Equipment and technical data: Voltage: ▪ ▪

4 ranges 0mV - 500V ACDC Resolution: 0.1mV/10mV/100mV/1V

Current: ▪ ▪

3 ranges 0mA - 10A Resolution: 0.1mA/10mA/100mA

Resistance: ▪ ▪

Function and Applications

5 ranges 0Ohm - 10MOhm Resolution (Ohm): 1/10/100/1000/100.000

Frequency: ▪ ▪

4 ranges1Hz - 100kHz Resolution: 1Hz/10Hz/100Hz

Temperature: ▪ ▪

2 ranges 200°C - 1370°C Resolution: 0.1°C/1°C 1 range : 0 - 14pH Resolution: 0.01

▪

2 ranges 0 - 7000hPa Resolution: 0.1hPa/1hPa

Dimensions (mm): 288x165x235 Demomultimeter p, pH, T, U, I, R; RS 232, 230 V 13721-93 pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode,plastic body,gel,BNC 46266-10 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 Pressure sensor, absolute press. 07136-01 Pressure sensor 2, 500-7000 hPa 07136-02 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, -50...500°C 13615-02 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615-01 Immersion probe NiCr-Ni, steel, -50...400°C 13615-03 Immers. probe NiCr-Ni, teflon, 200°C 13615-05 Surface probe NiCr-Ni 13615-04 Data cable, plug/ socket, 9 pole 14602-00 Software Demomultimeter 14409-61

excellence in science 984

▪ ▪ ▪

▪

pH- Pressure: ▪ ▪

Benefits

▪

pH- Resolution: ▪ ▪

with clear, easy to operate and splashproof film keyboard; for demonstration classes and practicals. Due to the installed RS-232 interface and the available software, it is possible to transfer data to the computer for storage and analysis.

▪ ▪

demonstrative 4-digit display with a character-height of 20 mm automatic display of the units belonging to the measured values manual, or for connected Pt-1000temperature probe, automatic temperature compensation of the measured values to calibrate the pH-probe, free selection of the buffer solutions (anypH-value) 20 storage spaces for measured data;remain stored even after the measuringdevice has been switched off storage of the pH-probe calibration retained even after the device has been switched off, analogue for pX-probes with the appropriate probes, enablesion selective measurements (pX), e.g.X=Cl- ; NO3- ; Na+- due to high input resistance, ideally used as an mV-meter for the measurement of electronic potentials Display of the electrode steepness modern plastic casing, impactproof,easily serviced, light and stackable,with handle for carrying that can belowered into the case afterwards and feet for working position

Equipment and technical data pH ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0 - 14 pH Accuracy: 0.01 pH Resolution: 0.01 pH

pX ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0 - 14 pX Accuracy: 0.01 pX Resolution: 0.01 pX VoltageMeasuring range: -2000 - +2000 mV Accuracy: 0.1% Resolution: 1 mV

Temperature ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range: 0 - 100°C Accuracy: 0.5°C Resolution: 0.1°C Mains supply: 230 V / 50-60 Hz

Dimensions (mm): 230 x 236 x 168 Digital pH-meter 13702-93 Temperature probe Pt-1000 13702-01

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

pH-electrode, shock resistant 18452-00 pH-electrode, polythene sheathed 18450-00 pH electrode, f.surface measurem. 18453-00 pH electrode, sterilisable 18456-00 Software pH meter DEMO 14408-61 PC-CABLE 25P.PLUG-25/9P.SOCKET 14601-00

Digital conductivity meter

Software Conductivity Meter Demo 14400-61 PC-CABLE 25P.PLUG-25/9P.SOCKET 14601-00 Stand.solu.1413 Stand.solu.1413æS/cm(25 S/cm(25øC), C), 460ml 47070-02

pH-elektrodes with DIN plug pH-electrode, polythene sheathed 18450-00 pH-electrode, shock resistant 18452-00 pH electrode, f.surface measurem. 18453-00 pH electrode, sterilisable 18456-00

pH-elektrodes with BNC plug

Function and Application For measurement of conductivity, specific resistance, concentration and temperature Benefits: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

The clearly arranged keyboard allows easy operation of the instrument, which is distinguished by not only being capable of displaying conductivity, but also derived quantities. Cell connection via a 5 pin diode socket The following quantities are displayed: conductivity, specific resistance, concentration, temperature 4 digit demonstrative display, height of digits 20 mm Automatic temperature compensation Standard value of cell constants manually changeable or automatic calibration with standard calibration solution RS 232 interface and software for data transfer to a computer for storage Automatic selection of measuring range and display of the units: µS/cm or mS/cm, Ωcm or kΩcm, mg/l or g/l, °C.

pH-electrode, plastic body, gel, BNC 46265-15 pH-electrode,plastic body,gel,BNC 46266-10 pH-electrode, plastic, refill., BNC 46266-15 pH-electrode, glass, refill., BNC 46268-10 Potassium chloride,sol. 3M 100ml 48203-10

Redox electrode, BNC

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Conductivity measuring range: 0.001 µS...200 mS Concentration measuring range: 1 μg/l...1 kg/l Specific resistance measuring range: 1 mΩcm...1 MΩcm Temperature measuring range: -30...+100°C Interface RS232 Mains supply 230 V/ 50...60 Hz.

Digital conductivity meter 13701-93 Conductivity temperature probe Pt1000 13701-01 ADAPTER COND.4MM SOCKET/DIN PLUG 13701-02 Data cable RS 232, SUB-D/USB 07157-01 Conductivity probe K1 18151-02

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 985

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.8 pH and conductivity measuring instruments

Function and Applications

Reference electrode, AgCl

For measuring of electrochemical potentials with plastic shaft and BNC plug. Benefits ▪ ▪

low- maintenance because of gel electrolyte. robust design

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

electrode with plastic shaft and a platinum rod measurement chain made of platinum electrode and Ag / AgCl reference electrode temperature range: 0 ... +80 ° C dimensions of the shaft (mm): 120 x 12 cable length: 1m

Function and applications Recommended accessories for the measurement of electrochemical potentials in pH/potential measurements.

46267-10

Benefits

Platin.electrodes

Equipped with refillable Ag/AgCl electrolyte, Suitable for use in conjunction with measuring electrodes (e.g. 45206-00) for pH, redox potential and ion-selective measurements Equipment and technical data Electrode with glass shaft and ceramic diaphragm, Shaft diameter: 12 mm, Shaft length: 120 mm, Temperature range: -5 ... +80°C, Cable length: 1 m

Function and Applications

18475-00

Special electrodes with 4mm plug. Equipment and technical data Platinum electrode in protective tube, d=8mm Platin.electrode in prot.tube,8mm 45206-00 Electrode platinum,short 45207-00

Antimony electrode

Function and Application Measuring electrode from antimony;together with a silver chloride reference electrode for measuring of pH values in the range from pH 2.0 to pH 9.5 Equipment and technical data: diameter: 10 mm, lenght: 120 mm, fixed cable of 1 m lenght with a 4 mm plug 18477-01

excellence in science 986

Storage of pH electrodes Storage flask for pH electrodes,filled with 250 ml 3.0 M KCl solution 18481-20 Protection sleeve for electrode with a diameter of 12 mm 37651-15

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.9 Oxygen, lux and pressure measuring instruments

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni

Plug-in module for measuring the illuminance. Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪

Measuring range selectable with the aid of the software. Measuring Range, resolution: 300 Lx 0.15 Lx; 3 kLx1.5 Lx; 30 kLx 15 Lx; 300 kLx 150 Lx

Measuring module lux 12107-00 Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50

Luxmeter, digital display 47672-01

Cobra3 pressure sensors

Function and Applications The Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics is a measuring recorder for pressure and temperature measurements, which is controlled by micro-controller. Benefits It canbe fitted with two NiCr-Nithermoelements (type K), in order to measure up to two temperatures and one absolut pressure value simultaneously. The unit can be connected to the Cobra4Wireless-Link, the Cobra4 Mobile-Link or the Cobra4 USB-Link using a secure and reliable plugin / lockable connection.

Benefits ▪

Cobra4 Sensor-Unit Thermodynamics, pressure abs. 2 bar and 2 temperature NiCr-Ni 12638-00 Cobra4 Mobile-Link set, incl. rechargeable batteries, SD memory card, USB cable and software "measure" 12620-55

Measuring module lux

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With hose connector and hose section for connecting the module to any type of peripheral equipment. Including data cable for Cobra3 sensors.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Cobra3 press. sensor 2.0 bar abs. 12128-00 Cobra3 press. sensor 2.0 bar diff. 12129-00 Cobra3 press. sensor 80 mbar diff. 12130-00 Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50 Software Cobra3, Pressure 14510-61

Lux meter, hand-held, RS232 interface, data logger Function and Applications For determining light intensities of up to 300 klx in air and water bodies. Benefits ▪ ▪

2 four-digit LCD Display with 15 or 7.5 mm digit height Analog bar display with good resolution (2% of measuring range)

Function and Applications

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 987

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.9 Oxygen, lux and pressure measuring instruments

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RS232 interface to transmit the measurements to a computer or on a large display built-in data logger for storing max.250 measurements Representation of the minima, maxima and averages of a series of measurements Battery, accu or external power supply automatic shut-down water protected keyboard Calibration manually or automatically

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4 measuring ranges 0,001 Lx-300 kLx resolution 0,1/1/10/100 Lx Accuracy 3/3/3/5 % 5pole probe connector jack Data interface type RS 232 (serial) Baudrate 9600 bit / s USB port connector

Softw. Luxmeter, hand-held 14417-61 Lux meter, hand-held 07137-00 Luxmeter probe 12107-01 Lux immersion probe, 10m cable 07137-01

excellence in science 988

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.10 Radioactivity, sound level and gas measuring instruments

Geiger-Müller-Counter

▪ ▪

Counter tube voltage: 500 V ± 5% Max. pulse frequency: 400,000 pulses per min

Counter tube module 12106-00 Cobra3 BASIC-UNIT, USB 12150-50

Gas detector for the quantitative determination of gas Function and Applications Function and Applications

For the determination of gaseous air pollution

Demonstration and student use unit in connection with Geiger Müller counting tubes for experiments on radioactivity.

Benefits

Equipment and technical data: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

4-digit LED display, 20mm high. 4 standard measurement times 1/10/60/100 s Automatic measurement sequence with memory 10 s Freely selectable measuring time BNC-socket for counting tube 500V 4-mm-bushes for event counting with TTL signals Mains 100-230 V/50-60 Hz Shock proof casing with carrying handle Dimensions 190 x 140 x 130 mm

13606-99

Accessories for the measurement of radioactivity

Bellows pumps to be operated by hand for the suctioning of defined air quantities. With different test-tubes, gaseous air pollution can be determined quantitatively and qualitatively. Equipment and technical data Suction volume: 100 ml/stroke, automatic stroke counter to avoid faulty measurements, optical display signals that the necessary test air has been suctioned. Gas tester I, quantitat.analysis 64199-02 Accessory set for Gas Tester 64199-06

Oxygenmeter, hand-held Function and Applications

Counter tube, GM, 45 mm 09007-00 Counter tube, type B 09005-00 Counter tube, type A, BNC 09025-11 Screened cable, BNC, l 750 mm 07542-11

Counter tube module

For measurement of oxygen concentration or saturation of temperature and of atmospheric pressure. Benefits ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Equipment and technical data Oxygen ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring ranges: Concentration 0,0...20,0 mg O2/l Saturation 0-120% Accuracy 1,5% of meas. value Salinity correct. 0...70 salinity Connection 5 pin diode socket

Temperature Function and Applications Plug-in module for measuring radioactive radiation with the aid of a Geiger Müller counter tube. Benefits ▪

The module also supplies the counter tube with the necessary supply voltage.

Equipment and technical data

▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Measuring range 0...+45C Resolution 0.1C Accuracy +-( 0.1C + 1Digit) Type of probe Pt 1000

Atmospheric pressure ▪

Measuring range 500...1100 hPa (mbar)

Accessories

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 989

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.10 Radioactivity, sound level and gas measuring instruments

12105-01 Oxygen/Temperature probe Oxygenmeter, hand-held 07135-00 Oxygen/Temperature probe 12105-01 Softw. Oxygenmeter, hand-held 14415-61

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Speed measurement 6. .. 99,999 RPM, 1 RPM resolution Pulse counting 0. .. 999,999 Imp Pulse rate measurement 0.0 ... 99,999.9 I / s Mains supply: Mains voltage 110 .. 240 V, 50/60 Hz, 20 VA Housing dimensions (W, H, D) 370 x 168 x 236 (mm) Mass of 2.9 kilograms

13601-99

Geiger-Müller-Counter Gamma-Scout®

Universal Counter

13608-00

Sound level indicator 40-120dB Function and Applications Sound level indicator Equipment and technical data

Function and Applications The universal counter is used for measuring time, frequency, pulse rates, pulse counting, periodic times, speeds and velocities. Benefits ▪

▪ ▪ ▪

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The device has all the qualities that are expected of a modern universal counter and is also equipped with a number of technical specifics of how it specifically arise from the requirements of science teaching practice. For the scientifically correct representation of each measurement is shown in principle with the associated unit. With the overflow of the display is automatically switched into the next area. Before the measurement starts it can be manually adjusted to a maximum of 6 decades defined range, eg to suppress is not physically meaningful digits on the display. A special jack for direct connection of a GM counter tube is available for radioactivity experiments. The required voltage can be changed manually to determine the characteristics of a counter tubes to. The stopwatch function can be entered by means of electrical contacts, sensors, or manually in the various types of triggers for the precise starting and stopping for time measurement. The measured values are represented by six red 20mm highcontrast 7-segment displays. An additional three-digit display is used to display the unit (ms, s, Hz, kHz, MHz, I / s, RPM, Imp, V, m / s). The various operating states are indicated by LEDs. Range switching in all modes manually (before measurement) and automatically when an overflow.

Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Operating temperature range 5th .. 40 ° C Relative humidity <80% Digital display: Measurement reading LED 6-digit, 7-segment, 20 mm Units LED 3-digit, 5x7 dot matrix Units ms, s, Hz, kHz, MHz, I / s, RPM, Imp, V, m / s Signal Input: Signal bandwidth 0.1 Hz .. 10 MHz Counter Tube Input voltage 150 V. .. 660 V (factory setting: 500V) with manual adjustment Photoelectric output for power supply of 5 V sat. max 1 A Stopwatch 0.000 ... 99,999.9 s, resolution 1 ms Timer 0.000 ms ... 3999.99 s, resolution1µs Velocity 0.000 m/s...9999.9 m / s, resolution 0.001 m / s Period measurement 0.000 ms ... 99.9999 s, resolution 1µs Frequency measurement 0.00 Hz .. 9.99999 MHz, resolution 10 mHz

excellence in science 990

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Measuring range 54-126 dB Number Ranges 7 Resolution 2 dB Analogue output 0.7 Vrms / rms Frequency range 300 Hz-8 kHz Power supply 9-volt battery Dimensions 180x68x36 mm Weight 160 g

65969-00

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.11 Photometers, spectroscopes, polarimeters, refractometers

Spectrophotometer 190-1100 nm

Benefits The display shows the wavelength, the degree of absorption and transmission or the concentration respectively , it has RS232 resp. USB interfaces for connecting to a computer. Equipment and technical data Light source: Tungsten, Wavelength range: 335 ... 1000 nm, Wavelength precision: ± 2 nm, Wavelength repeatibility: ± 1 nm, Spectral bandwidth: 10 nm, Cuvette holder: for square cuvettes with external dimensions 12 mm x 12 mm, External dimensions (mm): 385 x 310 x190, Mains connection: 230 V, 50 Hz, Included: Two square cuvettes (glass), Data cable for connecting to PC, Two spare fuces (1 A)

Function and Applications Spectrophotometer 190-1100 nm Benefits The UV-VIS spectral photometer is characterised by its compact design and due to its wide range of possible uses, operation is via a clearly set out overlay keyboard on the screen dialogue, current wavelengths and measured values can be displayed in large format, alternatively, all measured values can also be presented graphically or in table format on the LCD screen with background lighting, strong light, high performance optics enable absorption and transmission measurements to be taken in the whole wavelength range of 200 to 1100 nm with automatic switching between the twolight sources , a high speed scanner minimises the susceptibility to errors during a wavelength changeover and thusenables very precise measurement, storage of measurement parameters, data, calibration curves, spectra, etc, spectral scanning of samples with freely selectable wavelength range, automatic baseline correction and band/ trough identification, production of a calibration curve withup to 10 concentration standards, details of the straight line formula, automatic correction against the zerosolution, the device can be connected to aprinter or computer with a serial port via an installed Centronix or RS232interface. Equipment and technical data Light sources: 1 Halogen lamp1 Deuterium lamp, Wavelength range: 190-1100 nm, Wavelength accuracy: ± 1 nm, Wavelength repeatability: ± 0.3 nm, Spectral bandwidth: 5 nm, Photometric range: - 0.3 to 3 Abs 0.0 to 200% Transmittance, Long-term stability: ± 0.005 Abs/h, Cuvette holder: for square cuvettes with external dimensions 12 mm × 12 mm, Outputs: serial RS232C, parallel Centronix, Dimensions (WxDxH): 420 x 380 x 275 mm, Mains: 230 V~ 35655-93

Software f. UV-Spectrophotometer 35655-01

Spectrophotometer, SPEC 5000, 335-1000 nm

35667-93

Compact photometer PF12

For evaluation of colorimetric tests on extinction measurement using a factor or value diagram; direct display of concentration Six-language user guidance via LEDdisplay , Data interface RS 232With rechargeable batteries for fielduse , The handy filter photometer fills thegap between colorimetric evaluations and laboratory analyses. The detailed manual provides information about the chemical and ecological significance of the individual parameters, explains statutory limiting values for drinking water, treated sewer sludge, waste water, etc. Extent of delivery: Filter photometer , Stabile case , 4 NC batteries including battery charger , 2 Round cuvettes , Plastic funnels Manual- Technical data: Digital display , LCD 9x56 mm, 8-digits , Light source: Tungsten bulb , Filter: Filter wheel with 6 coloured glass filters: 365 nm / 405 nm / 470nm / 520 nm / 605 nm / 720 nm , Round cuvettes with screw fitting; External diameter: 16 mm- Energy supply: 5-6 V, 4 NC batteries with battery charger; sufficient for approx. 1500 measurements , Data interface: RS 232, Languages: D, E, F, S, I, NL; is setin the works , Dimensions: length: 195 mm, width:100 mm height: 40 mm , Weight: approx. 0.52 kg incl. batteries 35608-00

Function and Applications The spectrophotometer is an easy to use device for measurement of the degree of absorption or transmission of liquid samples in the visible range (335...1000nm).

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 991

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.11 Photometers, spectroscopes, polarimeters, refractometers

Pocket spectroscope 1

Spectrometer/goniom. w. vernier

Function and applications Function and Apllications Simple spectroscope with fixed slit width without wavelength scale. Equipment and technical data: Slit width: 0.02 mm, Length: 92 mm, Focal length of the objective: 40 mm, External diameter: 18 mm, Incl. case.

Spectrometer/ goniometer with double vernier. Equipment and technical data With magnifying glasses , 60° glass prism, Illumination device and telescope 35635-02

35580-00

Half-shade polarimeter, 230 V AC Pocket spectroscope 4

Function and Applications Function and Applications

Half-shade polarimeter..

Spectroscope with variable slit widt hand superimposed wavelength scale.

Equipment and technical data

Equipment and technical data Slit width: 0...0.8 mm, Focal length of objective: 40 mm, Wavelength scale: 400...750 nm, Divisions: 10 nm, Dimensions (mm): 55 x 110 x 23, Incl. case. 35585-00

Spectroscope,Kirch.-Bunsen type

Function and applications For qualitative observation and measurement of emission and absorption spectra. Equipment and technical data Table unit with fixed optical flint prism, Swiveling observation telescope with ocular, Scale tube with 100 division scale, Flint glass prism 60°, height: 20 mm with removable cover , Adjustable stand, Total height: approx. 230 mm 35645-00

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Polarimeter support with built-inlight source and filters polarimeter tube length 100 and 200 mm 2 scales 0-180 degrees division 1 degree vernier reading 0.05degrees with nonius light source sodium lamp 589 nm

Half-shade polarimeter, 230 V AC 35906-93 Polarimeter tube, l=100 mm 35906-02 Polarimeter tube, l=200 mm 35906-03

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.11 Photometers, spectroscopes, polarimeters, refractometers

Abbe refractometer

Function and applications Abbe refractometer for measuring the refraction index of liquids and solids with light of 590nm wavelength (sodium D line) and determining average dispersion nC-nF. The refractive index scale also includes an additional scale indicating sugar content from 0 - 95%. The prism and scales can be illuminated by daylight or by a separate lighting unit. Equipment and technical data: Measurement range: refractive indices 1.3-1.7 , Sugar content scale: 0-95%, corresponding to refractive indices from 1.33 to 1.53, Precision: 0.0003, Prism box with nozzles for connecting thermostats, Protective storage box, Adjustable glass plates, 1 Bottle of immersion liquid (1-bromonaphthalene), Conversion and correction tables, Thermometer, 0-70掳C, with removable protective sleeve 35912-00

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 993

6.5 Measurement instruments 6.5.12 General - measurement instruments

Speed of Light Meter Set

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Number of timers: 4 Measuring range: 0.000...9.999 s or 0000.0000...9999.9999 s Resolution: 1 ms or 0.1 ms Control (start/ stop): By electrical circuits (contact closure / contact opening or level according to TTL norm) Integrated power supplies for lightbarriers 4 × 5 V, 1.5 A Mains supply: 100...240 V~, 50...60 Hz Power requirement: 18 VA Dimensions (mm): 184 × 140 × 130 USB - interface for PC-based experiments

13604-99

App.for determ.of melting point Function and Applications The complete set to measure the light velocity in air, transparent liquids and solids. Equipment and technical data Consists of 1x Light velocity measuring apparatus, 1 x Retroreflector with stem, 1x Power supply 12 V/ 2 A, 1x Slide mount for optical bench, 1x Optical bench, l = 1800 mm, 1 x Holder for speed of light measuring instrument, 1 x Acrylic glass cylinder with a holder, 1 x Tubular cell with a holder Speed of Light Meter Set 11226-88 Speed of Light Meter 11226-00

Timer 4-4 with USB-interface

Made of DURAN® glass, has a GL 18/8 threaded connector for holding a thermometer and two inclined side tubes for insertion of melting point tubes.Height: 160 mm 35910-15

Melting point determination tubes, 100 pcs. 39052-00

Lab thermometer,stem,0..+250C 38064-00

Function and applications: Measures up to 4 times simultaneously. Multiple time measuring instrument for a variety of applications in teaching, wherever times are to be accurately measured. The timer unit has four 4 digit displays. The starting and stopping of the four built-in independent timers is actuated by the opening or closing of electrical circuits, or by means of light barriers or other TTL signal sources (e.g. a microphone). Benefits: The 6 different operating modes allow the timer unit to be adjusted to suit almost any experimental requirement. Three different operating modes are suitable for track experiments (distance-time law for four tracks, measurement of speed at four positions, principles of collisions), and in each case all four displays are utilized. Two further operating modes allow, for example, the measurement of the orbiting time of a rotary movement and the direct measurement of the duration of a complete swing of a mechanical pendulum. If required, two of the 4-digit displays can be combined to give an 8-digit display (0000.0000 to 9999.9999). Technical data: ▪ ▪

Four 4-digit LED displays Digit height: 9 mm

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6 Additional material 6.6 Microscopes

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG 路 www.phywe.com 995

6 Additional material 6.6 Microscopes

TESS Biology Set 4 Microscopy

TESS Biology manual Microscopy

Function and Applications

Specification

To perform 50 microscopy experiments on:

Experimental literature for TESS Biology 50 experiments with student worksheets and teacher informations.

microscopy basics, work techniques, microscopy reagents, cell components, seed plants, vertibrates, other animals, other plants, fungi, protists, procaryonts Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

50 microscopic slides 50 cover glasses 12 snap-cap vials 10 reagent bottles 10 dropping pipettes with bulbs tweezers dissecting needles, pointed and lancet-shaped scissors scalpelholder 10 scalpel blades 200 sterileblood lancets powder spatula 2 glassrods funnel 3 beakers (100 ml, PP) 3beakers (250 ml, PP) beaker (1000 ml,PP) graduated cylinder (100 ml, PP) graduated pipette (10 ml) bulb pipettor(3 valves) 6 petri dishes (PS) testtube holder magnifying glass 120 labels prepared microscopic slides foam insert wooden box

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literature: TESS Biology manual Microscopy (13290-02) CD-ROM for TESS Microscopy (13290-12) microscope set of chemicals (13290-10)

13290-88

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basics of microscopy worktechniques cell components seed plants and ferns vertibrates invertibrates fungi protists prokaryotes

Contents Ring file with 200 pages and CD-ROM ▪ ▪ ▪

with black/white drawings for easy copying teacher's sheets with colored digitalmicroscopy images CD-ROM with master copies of color presentation files (PDF format) for 47 microscopy topics to print transparencies or to show directly via avideo beamer and PDF files of student worksheets andteacher's sheets

13290-02

Chemicals set for TESS Microscopy (for up to 10 workgroups) Function and Applications Chemicals set for TESS Microscopy (for up to 10 workgroups). Equipment and technical data

Required Accessories ▪

Range of topics

incl.

CD-ROM

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Acetic acid 99 %, 250 ml raw alcohol (96% and 70%) isopropanol, absolute, 250 ml rotihistol, 250 ml glycerol, 100 ml Canada balsam (malinol), 50 ml sodium cloride safranine solution 1%, 50 ml Lugol's solution, 100 ml modified azure eosine methylene blue solution (Giemsa), modified, 50 ml neutral red, 5 g carmineacetic acid solution, 50 ml methyl green, 10 g distilled water, 500 ml

13290-10

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6 Additional material 6.6 Microscopes

Student microscope SFC-100F-LED

adapter plug. Delivered with a focusable macro lens which allows that the camera can be used without a microscope to image any object on the PC monitor. Benefits ▪

▪

With the included image editing software for PC and Macintosh OSX platforms, the images can be measured and analyzed. It also provides a variety of other tools for teachers, students and researchers. Equipped with all necessary accessories that fit cameras on virtually any microscope eyepiece and thus allows you to turn any microscope into a digital microscope.

Equipment and technical data Function and Applications The student microscope model that can not be missing in the basic configuration. Budget models - with the all-metal stands for robust school life very well equipped. High quality DIN objective and precise mechanical components ensure excellent optical properties. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Monocular inclined with prism, rotated by 360° wide-pointer eyepiece: 10x 3-position turret Objective: 4x, 10x, 40x Magnification: 40x, 100x, 400x Condenser n.a. 0.65 with iris diaphragm and filter holder Coarse and fine drives LED lighting installed in the stand with 20 mA, 3.5 V and 70 mW LED Charger Dust cover

Student microscope SFC-100F-LED 62421-93 Spare bulb 230V/20W for SFC-100FL 62417-01 Halogen lamp 12V/10W,spare M100 62170-13 Replacement-LED-Lamp for Motic-Series SFC/F11/18/ 28, 62170-16 Objective 60x,N.A. 0.85, achrom. 62170-08 Objektive 100x,N.A. 1.25 62170-09 Eyepiece, Huygenian 15x,Accessory 62448-00 Micrometer ocular WF 10x/18mm 62170-05 Mechanical stage f.SFC-100 a.F-11 62416-01

CCD cameras

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CCD camera Moticam 352 for PC, 0.3 megapixels 88037-01 CCD camera Moticam 1000 for PC, 1.3 megapixels 88037-02

Stereo microscope ST-30C-6LED,2x/4x

Function and Applications Stereomicroscope. The ST-30 series is a unique transition to more powerful stereo microscopy. To provide proper optical alignment was a high value, and thereby ensures precision mechanics comfortable long term use. Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Function and Applications Digital cameras to be placed on microscope eyepieces of any diameter. The four included eyepiece adapter for eyepieces with a diameter of 28 mm, 30 mm, 34 mm and 35 mm can be adapted to any eyepieces, even if they differ from the mentioned diameter. Nor can you connect the camera to microscopes, which have a photo tube with C-mount

USB-cable with 16 mm CCD Clip 3 lux light sensitivity Ocularadapter for all microscopes (Oculars with 28mm, 30mm, 34mm and 35mm Diameter) Calibration slides Focusing lens for webcam use Macrotubus to view objects without a microscope Software Motic Image Plus 2.0, on Windows and MacOS X running

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Binocular inclined tube Stereohead rotatable through 360° Stable stand with stage plate and 2 stage clips Height-adjustable binocular eyepiece unit Focussing by means of two coaxial focussing knobs with sliding clutch One pair of interchangeable wide-field eyepieces WF10×/20 with eyecups Rotatable nosepiece with 2 aligned pairs of objectives 2×/4× or 1×/3× for rapid magnification change Magnification:20×/40× or 10×/30× 5 LEDs for incident light and 1 LED for transmitted light Rechargeable so it can be used independent from a network Connection voltage 230 V,50...60Hz Complete with dust cover and battery charger

62466-93

PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG · www.phywe.com 999

6 Additional material 6.6 Microscopes

excellence in science 1000

al Correction: Contrary to our expectations, the procedure for type approval of our X-ray apparatus „PHYWE X-ray XR 4.0 expert unit, Basic set“, carried out by the Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BFS) [Federal Office for Radiation Protection], is still not completed. The patent for our S-Lock safety system has been applied for, however, it is still pending. We hereby put right statements that say otherwise on various pages in this catalogue. Furthermore, we clarify that we are considered to be “one” of the world’s leading suppliers of integrated overall solutions for the area of scientific technical training in schools, universities and educational institutions. We correct our statement in this catalogue insofar as being “the” world’s leading supplier. Göttingen, den 15.09.2011 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG

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Tel. +49 (0) 551 604 - 0 Fax +49 (0) 551 604 - 107

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info@phywe.com

Copyright by PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG. Subject to change without notice. Errors and omissions excepted. Edition 06/2011

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s n o i t u l o s s Worldclas : n o i t a c u d e r e t t e b r o f m o c . e w y h p . www

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