Elective Pamphlets
Contemporary Industry Tutor: Nigel Bertram
Location Map
A study of contemporary industrial structures and their urban contexts.
Michael Hubbard Anna Jankovic Don Kong Wah Fu
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Riccardo Buelli
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Nicolas Pratt
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Sethy You
Jit
Paulo de Costa CBD
Ariana Belleli Don
Elena Covili
Paulo
Don Kong Wah Fu Ariana
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Jit Loh
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Nic
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EASTLINK
Contents 01. Subdivision 02. Ware-house 03. New small industrial block 04. Industrial terrace 05. One steel 06. Super warehouse 07. Industrial landscape 08. Warehouse storage systems 09. Industrial urbanity 10. Traditional industrial complex 11. Suburban industrial block
Sethy Don
Riccardo Anna Elena Michael
1
1. subdivision Michael Hubbard Eastlink runs through existing agricultural farmland. A new industrial estate springs up, efficiency in construction means farmland becomes industry in a short period of time. Nature and history still have their parts to play, dictating the layout of lots and location of roads. Prime factory real estate creeps towards a newly created residential estate. Soon they will meet. An easement buffer has been created at the interface. What happens when they intersect?
Carrum Downs Year: 1960 (assumed)
Carrum Downs Year: 2000
Carrum Downs Year: 2009
Carrum Downs Year: 2011(assumed)
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Factory/ Residential Estate Interfaces
1. factory: street: factory
1. factory: street: factory
2. residence: street: residence
2. residence: street: residence
3. residence: fence: factory
3. residence: fence: factory
4. factory: fence: factory
4. factory: fence: factory
Existing Carrum Downs Industrial Estate Small factory lots with attached showrooms replace larger scale factories. Factories are not just used for production but as offices and showrooms. Gated fences secure each lot. Manufacturers, Wholesalers, Distributers and Accountants share the footpaths, lakes and bbq areas. Vegetation softens the concrete panels.
Subdivision Easements An easement buffer is created to give the residents perceived space? A wasted opportunity!
Carrum Downs Alternate Estate Proposal
Existing Carrum Downs Housing Estate House facades open to the street, Fences only exist between side boundaries. Shrubs are beginning to grow. Cars dominate front yards. Kids hide behind curtains.
Can factories and houses coexist on the same street? A factory lot: - Front facade, - Street setback, - Tree height, - Open Area is 1.5 times the size of a housing lot. Lightpoles, cars, driveways and people are constant. A factory operates from 7am-4pm. A house operates 6-9am, 5-10pm. Opportunities are endless.
2. ware-house Anna Jankovic The ‘duplex warehouse’ is one of many variations in the ‘industrial park’. No longer are businesses limiting themselves to the commonly large end of industry, they are now preparing for the everyday consumer to interact with their process of moving goods. The ‘source’ is now the point of purchase.
Site plan - Duplex Warehouse (A) 1:5000
These ‘sheds’ don’t just store product anymore, they are a hub for selling. Likewise the facades of these buildings now take on a small scale aesthetic, dare we say a domestic scale. The warehouse/office hybrid has many characteristic that we associate with a more urban condition;
standard windows, staircases, kitchens and amenities, and the ‘garage’ door. The ‘duplex’ model is analogous to terrace houses of old and utilises the idea of a shared public space, the front yard. Where the party wall was once made of bricks and mortar, it now takes the form of a concrete panel.
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A. Duplex Warehouse with shared yard 1:500
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20 m
B. Duplex Warehouse with separate yards 1:500
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20 m
The single volume warehouses vary considerably in scale. This model appears frequently throughout the Eastlink Business Park, yet its modes of use vary from storage to manufacture, all at a relatively small scale for flexibility fo movement. The tilt construction now works with panels horizontally stacked to support the increased roof span. While similar to the ‘Duplex’ warehouse a ‘front-ofhouse’ office unit acts as the public zone for the building, where contemporary commercial industry thrives.
Site plan - Double Warehouse (C) 1:5000
Internal Detail
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Warehouse in construction
C. Double Warehouse 1:500
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3. new small industrial block Don Kong Wah FU The site is located at 10 Ordish Road, Dandenong South which is beside the new Eastlink freeway. There is a new estate of industrial blocks under construction now. The total dimension of this site is about 88 meters deep and 30 meters wide. It is a small twin’s block in the industrial estate. It shows a common typology of small/ medium industrial buildings around Eastlink. The industrial buildings there have a similar configuration: A small office block attaches to a huge warehouse. The difference can be defined by treatment of the exterior façade. The colourful glass wall with formal entrance and landscaping for guests and staff entrance are at the front. Another large roller shutter access is for trucks, directly beside the office entrance. There are different textures and colour tones, and different layouts and design intentions for the office portion and the warehouse. It seems that they are two different buildings, with no response or coherence in façade design between office portion and warehouse.
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1:10,000
Section
West Elevation
East Elevation
Plan
North Elevation
1:500
The white block is the connection between office and warehouse
The image shows the building under construction
The white block is the connection between office and warehouse
Office portion and warehouse can be defined by their faรงade treatments
The metal structural system and services ducts can be seen in the interior of warehouse. Another access between office and warehouse can be found for the management and operation between the office staff and worker.
Steel portal-frame structure provides a huge flexible empty space and services ducts can be seen in the interior of the warehouse.
4. industrial terrace RO AD
Riccardo Buelli
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Dandenong Road, Carrum Downs.
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WEDG E
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The building is set at the corner of Dandenong Road and Wedge Road in Carrum Downs. Like a typical industrial building it presents a rectangular shape made by concrete panels (they are set around a steel structure) and low-pitched gable roof; but like a typically one we see that the space inside is divided into seven rooms (instead of having a sole space for a single activity) that are used for the most different commercial activities such as furniture showroom, storage of water tanks, Indian shop. That is the reason why this building can be considered like a hybrid between industrial shed and a commercial strip-: The inside, in fact, reminds us of the usual subdivision of street facing commercial blocks, (even if in this case it s different because you can t see the internal partitions from the outside) while the outside is clearly connected and related to the typical industrial architecture of Carrum Downs.
scale 1 : 10 000 2
view of the building 3
west elevation
south elevation
east elevation
north elevation
back building view
section AAÂ’
section BBÂ’
trucks area 4
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Render: 3d explosed The image show the internal structure of the building: concrete walls and steel beams.
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The typical unit (module) of this object consists of a slice of the building that goes from the north elevation to the south. As we can see from the image the structure includes two concrete walls, and a steel beam set between the walls
image 1: module
north elevation
The smallest room is made by one half of the module. The elements presented in this space are the same of the typical one but they are cut in the middle.
image 2: half module
Render: north elevation 8
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The repetition of the smallest unit recreates the module but instead of having a single space (like in the !rst image) we can see two separated area that are used for different activities.
image 3: divided module
internal view: commercial
The result of the repetition of these elements is a building that hides (from the outside) its internal subdivisions.
image 4: building
Render: internal view 10
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5. one steel Nicolas Pratt Utilized for the production, storage and dispatch of steel, this building is a highly customized machine. Built around a series of 3-axis cranes, which inhabit both the entire building and some back of house areas, the steel structure relies upon and supports the mobile cranes. With a central loading strip for truck entry and thoroughfare standing out in its red colouring, the internal components of this machine rely upon distinguishing colours for the safer use of the cranes and internal transportation. Every detail of the structure is customized to allow for full crane mobility and accessibility. With very little external features, other than a front truck weigh station, this building is very inwardly focused, determined to fully support the needs of truck pick-up and dispatch.
1:10,000
Located next to the newly finished Eastlink freeway, this building is in a prime position to efficiently accomplish its goal of a streamlined steel production and delivery process.
Northen Elevation
Warehouse
Entry
Eastern Elevation
Storage yard
Office
Plan
Northern Section 1:1,000
Exploded Perspective
Crane Bracing. The crane structure is supported from the buildings primary structure. This bracing is mirrored on either side of the central truck thoroughfare to avoid blocking passing vehicles.
Primary structure and C-purlin. The steel portalframe structure plateau’s at the peaks of the roof line. C-purlins rest between the primary steel beams and the colorbond roof. Small L braces assist in the beam to purlin join at every 4th Cpurlin.
Internal View External View
Cross Bracing. Tertiary cross bracing is applied between steel columns in front of the colorbond skin of the building. This skin is attached to horizontal steel girts attached to the primary beams.
Crane Structure Alterations. Across and above the internal road, the primary crane structure is thickened. This is due to a greater span between beams either side of the road, than usually found within the rest of the structure.
Secondary Cross Bracing. Steel L bracing is applied is segments between columns throughout the building. In this drawing both a regular cross brace is applied, as is a customized brace to allow machinery to fit underneath.
Crane System. The multi-axial cranes are mobile in three directions. The cranes themselves span between columns in a lengthways direction, two spanning cranes between each row of columns. These spans move width ways across the building.
Internal Render External Render
Crane System. On top of the spanning crane, smaller units (in which the crane chain is located) sit which release or contract the chain to lift or drop accompanying steel. These units also move along the structure on which they rest.
Drainage and support system. Downpipes are located in segments on every second row of columns, where the roof points are at their lowest. C-purlin bracing is customised to accommodate the downpipes.
6. Super Warehouse Sethy You Located in South Park Industrial Estate, at 230 - 240 South Park Drive Dandenong South, this industrial building currently under construction will serve as the warehouse and office for a packaging company called “Restore�. The building is 230m x 90m excluding two external offices and a cafe on the land of 270m x 130m. Approximate height is 9m to eave and 9.9m to ridge. It is an example of the mega-size contemporary industrial building constructed to maximize storage volume. Its large width requires only one middle row of steel columns to support which creates not only a large storage volume but also easy movement of trucks, cranes as well as stock replacement. According to the construction team supervisor, this 20,700 m2 warehouse, and approximately 1,800 m2 offices and cafe take about 5 to 6 months to construct and costs about $11 million (average $488/m2).
Overall building structure which can be divided into roof structure, wall structure, docks structure, and offices. Noticeably, roof beams can span 45 m that allows designer to use only 3 rows of columns to support whole structure.
East elevation
Cafe
warehouse
office Plan
West elevation
Section
South elevation
North elevation
office
Interior structure showing skylights, firefighting pipes undeneath roof structure, internal office and large storage space.
The design of this type of contemporary structure incorporates the office and display room with the warehouse where part of the office/ display room is footed in the warehouse perimeter and the other part is located outside the warehouse, connected with a door. It is a convinient way of shortening business transection as costumers can order and get immediate service deliveries after visiting display room.
The interesting sustainable design approaches of the warehouse are the effective capture of natural light and the recycling of rain water. The warehouse captures the majority of natural light through its hundreds of skylights which result in the minimal use of artificial light. A large round rain water tank is installed outside at the front of the warehouse and is connected to the fire service pipes (red coloured pipes) in an array beneath the roof structure. These pipes also work as roof bridgings. The creation makes this building unique from other visited contemporary industry buildings.
There are four loading docks constructed at the front of the warehouse. Two docks are designed for unloading goods where trucks are allowed to drive into the warehouse through the 4m wide x 4.5m high roller doors. The other two docks are designed for uploading the goods where there is an adjustable lifter to load the goods into different sized trucks. Trucks enter to upload goods via a sloped driveway excavated 1m into the ground. This design allows for a convenient method to upload goods because it does not need to be lifted up by cranes in order to be loaded into the trucks i.e. goods just need to be put onto rolling lifters at ground level of the warehouse in order to load them into a truck.
7. industrial-landscape Paulo Da Costa
william angliss dr
photo taken at laverton north showing easement (glassland reserve) at the forground and industustial ware-house at the background
weddel ct
oban ct
william angliss dr
The approach taken to analyse and design the industrial structure(s) is based in the concept of looking into a broader area of the site and then looking into a very close detailed structure. Site conditions such as easement and green areas have influenced tremendous the outcome of the design resolution. The site is industrial in the middle of vast green fields, very low in density, with very few transport roots, and no public transport access. The site also has an easement (William Angliss Native Grassland reserve) which regulates the order of its surrounding infrastructures such as the warehouses, roads etc. therefore there is this monolithic flow of structure flowing in the same angle and direction.
Site context - easement regulating the order of its surrounding infrastructure, and green field. It is a low density site, with a contrast between the defined buildings and the very subtle vast land with an easement.
1:7500 0
510000
1020000 m
CONTEXT PLAN
AERIAL VIEW - SHOWING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUILDING IN CONNECTION WITH THE EASEMENT AND GREEN
AERIAL VIEW
AERIAL VIEW
EYE LEVEL VIEW
WEST ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
OBAN COURT
NORTH ELEVATION
1:500
SITE / GROUND FLOOR PLAN
EAST ELEVATION
8. warehouse storage systems 7. Ariana Belleli S3083134 Ariana Belleli
As the demands on the industry continue to escalate, the need for fast, accurate storage, handling and distribution is becoming increasingly critical to warehouse performance. This pamphlet analyses the storage system in a precedent warehouse and looks at the particular elements of the system design that makes the building function more productively and proďŹ tably. The subject warehouse is located at 27 Koornany Road Scoresby and has been selected as a precedent because it uses a generic storage system that can be integrated into most warehouse buildings with similar programs.
Furntree Gully Road
Koornang Road
Storage >Pallet Racking This particular type of pallet rack storage system provides access to every pallet and is adjustable and adaptable. The storage density is low, 35 % of floor space used and 25 % cubic space used on average. Stock is stored on racks with bar codes. Each isle and bar code is linked to stock levels stored on the computer system. When stock is removed from the racks, the bar code is scanned and information is sent to the computer. The base system consists of two steel upright members joined together by bolted bracing. Beams run horizontal and are load bearing members that slot into the upright members
Packaging >Benches All the small parts needed to complete the packaging stage is neatly stored in the bench. The benches are located next to the conveyor belt and boxes placed on the conveyor belt to be rolled through a ‘check-out’ scanner and sent to the loading bay
Storage >Raised The warehouse uses a raised storage system whereby extra floor space is added within the shell of the existing building. The raised storage area creates a separate zone that is used for slow moving stock. The space beneath the structure is used for pick face shelving
Pick Face The pick face design is similar the pallet rack system. However, the pick face beams are lighter weight and carry a lesser load. Staff members follow electronic computer instructions that appear on a hand held scanner. It tells them what isle and row to collect the product from. Once the product is removed from shelf is scanned. The data is undated in computer system for stock levels
9. industrial urbanity Elena Covili spaces between industrial buildings
Carrum Dawns _building _unpaved areas _paved areas
Legend Carrum Downs, sometimes known as Botany Park, is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Carrum Downs is central to the most popular Melbourne suburbs and it is
Carrum Downs site plan
scale 1:10000
4
Data_ _total area:
152000 m²
_building: _unpaved: _paved: _private areas: _streets :
223740 m² 974520 m² 242850 m² 149050 m² 93800 m²
Percentages_ _total area:
100%
_building: _unpaved: _paved: _private areas: _streets :
15% 67% 18% 8% 10% 5
situated approximately 45 kilometres south east of the CBD. In recent years Carrum Downs has seen the growth of numerous industrial areas, characterized by the same simple urban structure.
spaces between industrial buildings
Fiorano Modenese _ building _ unpaved areas _ paved areas
Legend
Fiorano Modenese is a small town of 16500 inhabitants in the north of Italy, near Modena (in Emilia Romagna). It is one of the most important centres for the ceramic tiles trade, which had a huge growth beginnig from 1960s.
Fiorano s site plan scale 1:10000
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Data_ _total area:
152000 m²
_building: _unpaved: _paved: _private areas: _streets :
512955 m² 355080 m² 665425 m² 565960 m² 99465 m²
Percentages_ _total area:
100%
_building: _unpaved: _paved: _private areas: _streets :
33% 23% 44% 37.5% 6.5% 7
The government tried to regulate this urban increase but during recent times the expansion has been uncontrolled and the area is characterized by a confused and disorganized urban structure with different building s typologies.
street space character
Carrum Downs_ street view Carrum downs provides a simple, repetitive structure, in which you can perhaps recognize a small town or suburbs emphasis on the individual lot dimensions, uses of the space and buildings typologies
give the perception to stay into a tiny area, structured like a village, all compartmentalised by fences and with an almost cute attention to the green areas. The simple urban structure is due to
Carrum Downs_ street view 8
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the combination of different individual blocks systems and the semplicity of the area is the result of the iteration of the same bare typology, which includes saddle roof and roo!ights.
street space character
Fiorano Modenese_ street view Fiorano Modenese shows a composite structure, which offers the idea of a centralised industrial area: lots are wide, buildingsÂ’s dimensions large and the space around the complexes
provides indeterminated forms on disorganized blocks. The result of an unregulated growth and the coexistence of new and preexisting buildings offers a confused urban tissue and
Fiorano Modenese_ street view 10
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the complexity of the area emerges from the mixture of different typological solutions, combined into the same building and showing several roofs, differently dimensioned and orientated.
boundary types
boundary types
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Weak limit The space in between the industrial buildings is marked only by a different land use: small pieces of ground with grass are able to separate streets from pedestrian paths and private industrial areas. The result is a permeable area without any physical limit.
Weak limit The space in between the industrial buildings is marked only by a row of trees: the boundary is completely permeable and transitory. Separation of different movements types is regulated only by tree s trunks in order to create a natural diaphragm between buildings, private areas and streets.
Marked limit Gates and fences are able to set up a hierarchy in the space around the buildings, creating a division between the movements places (streets and pedestrian paths) and working areas (which include car-parks, trucks and storage spaces).
Marked limit The use of fences sets up a division between the streets and the pedestrian paths and the areas around the buildings, used as car-parks, truck areas and storage spaces. The use of trees and shrubs contributes to increase the urban quality of the area.
Strong limit A strong separation between the internal building s areas and the streets is created through the use of massive walls made of concrete. The result is a close, impermeable sensation and the boundary is not simply a concept but starts to be a physical element in the landscape.
Strong limit The combination of walls, fences and soft elements like grass, trees and shrubs is set up into a boundary s solution which gives the site a strong hierarchy in its spaces, organized into various levels, each one with different use destinations. 13
landscape qualities
landscape qualities
Carrum Downs s landscape A strong aim to plan the green areas with large-scale project s solutions clearly emerges in Carrum Downs. The green spaces include not only the typical material related to parks, like trees, shrubs and pedestrian paths, but also lakes, barbecue and pic-nic areas in order to create a place for workers during their breaks and for every day use.
Fiorano s landscape It is possible to recognize a strong division between the main street side, which provides an urban structure simply projected through the use of tree rows, fences and small walls, and the industrial buildings back side, where the landscape is completely un-structured and includes agricultural solutions as cultivated "elds and transient boundaries.
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Carrum Downs_ plan
Fiorano Modenese_ plan
Carrum Downs_ section
Fiorano Modenese_ section
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10. Traditional Industrial Complex Don Kong Wah FU 1:10000
The site is located at Simcock-Avenue, Spotswood beside the harbour of Port Melbourne. It is a traditional large-scale industrial complex. The whole site is currently abandoned, and unoccupied. The total dimension is about 200meters deep by 140 meters wide. It is a huge factory estate made up of several different buildings with various elevations. It is an old typology of industrial building complex constructed with traditional red brick walls and steel window frames. The “sawtooth” roof profile is facing south so daylight can be provided to the interior and preventing direct sunlight from the north, so that the interior environment can be easily maintained at a suitable temperature level. The office block is situated above the main access for trucks. It acts likes the control tower of an airport to control and secure the entrance and manage the operation of the whole complex. The different buildings have a similar architectural language, texture, colour tone and sawtooth roof profile . Overall they form a coherent image for the whole complex. There are same architecture language by same texture, colour tone and “Zigzag” roof showing in all different block. They have the coherent and response for whole complex.
South Elevation 1:1000
North Elevation
Section
Plan
West Elevation
Sawtooth roof allows south-facing daylight into the interior
There is an office portion above the main entrance to manage the operation.
The office portion acts like the control tower of an airport to control and secure the whole complex.
The whole site is a combination of several different buildings with various elevations.
Truss structure provides a huge flexible empty space
11. suburban industrial block Jit Loh This is one example of an old industrial building in Melbourne. It is built around the 1960s located at Braybrook, an old industrial part of Melbourne. Bricks and steel cladding are the main construction materials. The building is currently occupied by the Peerless Food manufacturing company. This building was built in a division of six units. The buildinvg’s front facade has six single door entries to each of the unit and the loading zone entrance is located at the back of house. Therefore, compare to the contemporary industrial typologies which mainly locate its loading zone entrance at the front, thus surrounded with fences for safety and security purposes. Today, there are only five units appear in the building. This is a result of changes and extensions to the building overtime. The front entries are no longer used and the back of house has become the core area. However, one will not notice there is a big contrast between the front and the back as the brick surface has become a disguise to assimilate into this industrial suburban area.
North Elevation
North Elevation
West Elevation Plan
1 : 500 East Elevation
View From Evans Street
East View
North View
Aerial View
blue pallets turbine ventilator water heating unit wheelbarrow fire hose box roller doors
Loading Zone Entrance
Elective Pamphlets
Title: Contemporary Industry Tutor: Nigel Bertram Pole: Urban Architecture Date: Semester 01, 2009 This and other documented examples of elective subjects run as part of the RMIT University Architecture program can be found on issuu.com