octagon by picernocerasolab

The Octagon picernocerasolab

title of patent: the Octagon

proposal for wind and flood responsive housing constructed with the use of laser cut technology

coordinator structural engineer design team

Amleto Picerno Ceraso Gianpiero Picerno Ceraso Mark Thomas Clarkson Olga Vlagkouli Thomas Duff Bangs 2

Vanessa Mitropanou

Cava dei Tirreni, Italy 2011

picernocerasolab

the project typhoon resistant shelter concept

the content

-introduction

- site analysis

- problems and solutions

- ideas explored

- proposal

- cnc technology

- building technology

- cost analysis

- renders

47 33

introduction

The Philippines experiences numerous natural disasters every year. These natural disasters range from typhoons to flooding and in some severe cases tsunamis. While these natural disasters are devastating to the whole population of the Philippines, they can be especially devastating to the lower socioeconomic class who cannot afford to build disaster resistant housing in traditional ways. The purpose of this project is to create an affordable housing prototype which responds to inclement weather conditions such as typhoons and flooding. The housing type is meant to be affordable, be quickly assembled, built by the local inhabitants and be easily and quickly repaired in case of damage.

concept

The concept for this project was developed from several ideas which addressed the issues of designing for natural disasters in the Philippines. The final design is an elevated dome form constructed from plywood plates. The circularshape of the dome is an inherent form to resist high wind and flooding conditions. The design allows the inhabitants to close up their homes to withstand these inclement conditions. Production and assembly of the structures is a quick process due to implementing CNC technologies. CNC machines will be set up within a community to produce parts for the homes during assembly.Giving the inhabitants the ability to assemble and repair their own homes will give them a sense of empowerment.

layout

The following proposal illustrates the process of designing a prototype for typhoon and flood resistant housing in the Philippines. The process contains the following: a study of site information and parameters, a study of problems associated with building in this location and some possible solutions. Followed by a section on the chosen design with a proposal and plans and a section describing the building technology and the process of laser cut and how it is applicable to this process and a cost analysis.

site analysis

7 7

The data has been scaled to their maximum and minimum values and ranked in order of their significance i.e. the number of typhoons per year is located on the outer part of the cycle. It is clear to see that there is a definite correlation towards the typhoon season

Disaster Cycle Emergency Phase Impact Threat Warning Preparedness Prevention Mitigation Re-construction Re-habilitation Typhoons Rain Fall Rice Stock Corn Stock Holidays Calendar

year cycle

The following is the yearly cycle in the Philippines of the combination of the governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s response and the average values of significant affects of Typhoons.

House Unit Construction Stage

Initial concept design developed by the Armaplus Studio for deployment in the Philippines

Constructing the housing units onto the foundations

Evolution design stage

Repair Stage

Design to be further enchanced by local builders after first stages of implementation

Repairing of damage caused to units after a typhoon

Infastructure development

Recycle Stage

Creation of infastructure for the implementation of the masterplan

The collection and reuse of materials displaced during a typhoon

Foundations development Construction of the foundations for the individual housing units

Lazer Cutting Factory creation Construction of a Factory to house the Lazer cutting technology for the creation of the house units

House Unit Cutting Stage Once the factory is created the individual house units can be cut

The following is a continuation of mapping of the yearly cycle plus a theoretical timeline implementation for the stages of the masterplan The main body of work is done before the typhoon seasons. Then reconstruction and preparation for next years begins after the typhoon season has ended

icon lagend

Initial concept design stage

Average Total Corn Stock â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;00 Tonnes

Average Total Rice Stock â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;00 Tonnes

Average Total Rainfall mm

Average No. of Typhoons

Disaster Cycle

This page is a continuation of mapping of the yearly cycle plus a theoretical timeline implementation for the stages of the masterplan The main body of work is done before the typhoon seasons. Then reconstruction and preparation for next years begins after the typhoon season has ended

development

Holiday Calendar - No. of Events

problems & soloutions - flood issue - wind issue - resolving issues of flood and wind - the solution

1111

Having the house on the ground level would have devastating effects on the structure if flooded. Therefore it is raised 2m off the ground to avoid interior flooding.

flood issue

wind issue

advantages of the square form is that it is easy to construct and furnish, however its disadvantage is its weakness to resist to the wind: the circle responds better to wind, thought it is hard to construct; pro version is octagon , that its form is a good response to wind and easier to construct and furnish.

surface extended to the ground assures that the wind does not flip over the building

idea 14

if the distance of 2 m is applied to the wind resistant structure, the scale of the house needs to be enlarged; the enlarged structure can t 8 units of living spaces for 8 families.

ideas explored The following section is a set of designs based on the set of crieteria for this project. Each was a small step towards the progression of the final design which resists typhoons and inclement weather.

-in order to achieve the wind resistant shape, a large area of the cannot be used -the form offers wind resistance only on one direction

umbrella

-this typology has the most wind resistant structure -the frame of the building is also its structure

-the structure demands too much land in proportion to the area of a single house

spaghetti house

-this example combines interesting form with the use of flexible local materials -moreover, the structure is formed by the repetition of the same element

-difficult to achieve the angle without the use of temporary structural elements

mangrovia

-the exterior shape of the building is the structure, therefore there are no internal beams -the use of limited modules simplifies the construction

-the pyramid shape is not as wind resistant as the polygonal shape -the use of private staircases increases the cost

pyramid

-the units are facing outwards maximizing the amount of daylight & offering interesting views

-the position of the balconies in the interior side of the building does not allow for views to the landscape

octagon original

-this typology has the most wind resistant structure

the proposal - floor plan - elevation architectural details and structural plan - foundation plan - floor frame - roof frame - exploded view - footing detail - wall detail - masterplan

2121

B 1,5m

0,9 m +2.60m

1,3m

6,4m

4,2m

0,9 m

2,2m

a d

c' d' e' g' h'

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

scale 1:200

C A 0,00m

0,7m

D B

LEGEND 1 1. LIVING AREA 2. SLEEPING AREA 3. BATHROOM 4. KITCHENETTE 5. BALCONY 6. STORAGE 7. STAIRCASE

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

E D-2 532

LEGEND 3 a. PRIMARY STRUCTURE b. SECONDARY STRUCTURE “GATES” c. WALL SHEETING WALL d. PRIMARY FOUNDATION

LEGEND 4 a’. PLYWOOD 8cm LEGEND 2 b’. PLYWOOD 5cm A. EMERGENCY EXIT c’. PLYWOOD 4cm B. LOUVERS d’. OPTIONAL INSULATION C. LOUVRE CRANK e’. STAINLESS STEEL D. FOLDABLE SHUTTERS f’. CONCRETE E. STORAGE OF SHUTTERS g’. PLYWOOD SHELL WHEN OPEN WINDOW h’. CORRUGATED METAL

floor plan 2,60 m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

7,10 m

D E A B

2,60 m

a b

0,00 m e'

7,10 m a

3,4m

c' b'

C 2,60 m

a' D-1 531

A B

26,6m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT scale 1:200

0,00 m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

LEGEND 1 1. LIVING AREA 2. SLEEPING AREA 3. BATHROOM 4. KITCHENETTE 5. BALCONY 6. STORAGE 7. STAIRCASE LEGEND 2 A. EMERGENCY EXIT B. LOUVERS C. LOUVRE CRANK D. FOLDABLE SHUTTERS E. STORAGE OF SHUTTERS WHEN OPEN LEGEND 3 a. PRIMARY STRUCTURE b. SECONDARY STRUCTURE “GATES” c. WALL SHEETING WALL d. PRIMARY FOUNDATION LEGEND 4 a’. PLYWOOD 8cm b’. PLYWOOD 5cm c’. PLYWOOD 4cm d’. OPTIONAL INSULATION e’. STAINLESS STEEL f’. CONCRETE g’. PLYWOOD SHELL WINDOW h’. CORRUGATED METAL

sect & elevation

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

scale 1:200

2,6m

13,

d 4,6m 5,2m 5,8m

5,3m

0,1m

0,1m 0,3m 0,1m

0,3m 0,1m

type a

type b

LEGEND 3 a. PRIMARY STRUCTURE b. SECONDARY STRUCTURE “GATES” c. WALL SHEETING WALL d. PRIMARY FOUNDATION LEGEND 4 a’. PLYWOOD 8cm b’. PLYWOOD 5cm c’. PLYWOOD 4cm d’. OPTIONAL INSULATION e’. STAINLESS STEEL f’. CONCRETE g’. PLYWOOD SHELL WINDOW h’. CORRUGATED METAL

foundation plan

1,1m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

0,8m

2,3m

5,9m

2,9m

7,3m 6,6m

0,6m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

0,4m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type a type a typeb type a

typeb

b type b

type a 0,7m

2,60 m

D-3 533

type a

type b

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT scale 1:200

variable 0,6m

variable

0,3m

0,2m

0,6m

variable

type b

type a type a type a

2,60 m

floor frame plan

floor

type a

0,3m

2,5m

+2.60m

0,00 m

0,3m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUC

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

Y AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

2,60 m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

type a

type a type a type a

typeb

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

typeb

6,90 m PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONA

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

typeb

type a

D-3 533

0,3m

2,60 m

0,3m

2,5m

type a

type b

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT scale 1:200

2,60 m

variable 0,2m

0,6m

type b

variable 0,6m

0,2m

roof frame plan

type a type a typeb type a

variable

type b

type a type a type a 0,3m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUC

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

roof

0,00 m

Y AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

type a

2,60 m

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

type a type a type a

typeb

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

typeb

6,90 m PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONA

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

type b

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

contour diagram 27

The structure is formed from individal gates which are assemblesd in a countour type construction: The above is an example of one indivual housing unit and how it is inserted within the whole structure. In total there are eight units per structure.

operable louvers

interior walls finish floor

secondary structure - â&#x20AC;&#x153;gates

primary structure

exploded view

foldable shutters

pin foundations

an exploded view of the buildings structure.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

60 20

stainless steel through bolt to secure primary member to post

concrete in-situ footing

stainless steel piles 10

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

scale 1:20

footing D - 1

stainless steel post base cast into concrete foundation

40 70

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

8cm plywood primary structure

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT 4cm plywood wall panel

8cm plywood primary structure

5cm plywood secondary structure PRODUCED BY AN

D -2

20 80

4cm plywood wall panel optional wall insulation

4cm plywood floor finish optional floor insulation 4cm plywood 5cm plywood secondary structure

8cm plywood primary structure

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

scale 1:20

100

AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

5cm plywood secondary structure

UCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

D -3

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

optional insulation

D-2

wall D - 2 & 3

D-3

masterplan

cnc technology - cnc process

3232

cnc process Computer Numerical Controlled tooling machines are devices which are fed numerical information via a computer, then which respond by cutting a material of choice. Typical configurations consist of a cutting tool mounted to a series of tracks or arms which move above a flat bed which holds the material. CNC machines are very quick and precise, giving them the abiity to mass produce very accurate components.

cnc process How the CNC will be beneficial to the production of houses in the Philippines: the CNC machines will give inhabitants of the Philippines many positive aspects to building their own homes. The CNC will give the inhabitants the ability to create all the components of their homes from a set of computer drawings. Each part will be constructed from a flat sheet of plywood. Each part will fit specifically together in a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Jig-Sawâ&#x20AC;? puzze fashion. The CNC will also give the inhabitants the abiity to replace parts if they become damaged in severe conditions. Creating homes using a CNC machine will give the inhabitants the ability to produce homes quickly and on a very low budget.

cnc process -CNC technology allows the direct replacement of every different part that might be damaged or destroyed by a potential typhoon. -the different parts are effectively arranged on the plywood sheet in order to minimize the waste of material. -the compartments are produced according to the needs, which means there is a â&#x20AC;&#x153;smartâ&#x20AC;? management of time with minimum financial cost.

building technology - structural beam - structural joints - nesting - plumbing and electrical plan - plumbing and electrical section

3636

structural beam 37

The structural timber beams are jointed by steel bracket, bolted into place Waste and service pipes run along the structural beams, thus minimizing structural interruption and provide support for the piping Service pipes are attached with steel ties

structural joints 38

Dove Tail joints are located on the different elements of the spiral staircase to prevent horizontal movement

Plug joints are used for vertical joints for the different sections of the gate system

structural joints 39

A third element is introduced to provide more surface area to the joint and help stabilize the structure

This element is cut to interlock with the main structural beam and the two adjacent gates

The gates intersect with the main beam and interlock with each other, creating a stable dove tail joint

Completed Joint

The use of CNC Nesting software minimizes material wastage Cuts are made to maximize strength of joints ensuring joints are not located on weak points of the structure

nesting

Units can be stored and transported easier when cut into smaller pieces

plumbing / elec

-this typology has the most wind resistant structure -the frame of the building is also its structure

plumbing / elec

cost analysis The cost of construction for this building will be relatively inexpensive because of the building technologies and materials which will be implemented. The manufacturing of the parts of this structure will be performed by a CNC machine. This process eliminates much of the manual labor of the manufacturing of parts. Plywood is the primary material for the structure of the building with use of corrugated steel as a waterproofing membrane. Plywood is a relatively inexpensive material which can be easily shipped to any construction site. 4444

Labor:

Plywood will be used for the primary structural and sheathing materials in this project. Price of plywood in Philippines: 6 Euro/sheet Number of sheets used in project: 388

Since the CNC machine eliminates much of the labor incurred during manufacturing of parts, the price of construction labor will be very minimal. The CNC machine and software uses a process call nesting which will allow minimal waste during the manufacturing of individual pieces.

cost analysis

Materials:

= 2,328 Euro (8 Units)

= 291 Euro per unit

The above is an example of nesting from one structural gate. Very minimal outside hired labor will be performed during the physical assembly of these units. Local people who will inhabit the structures will perform the labor almost eliminating all outside construction labor cost

-How is this process cheaper? This process of using the CNC to manufacture parts and local labor will be cheaper than traditional building processes for several reasons. 1) These units are manufactured in a way in which they will be able to withstand natural disasters such as typhoons, flooding and tsunami. This will eliminate the need to rebuild a whole home everytime a natural disaster occurs. 2) Each structure provides space to eight individual family homes. This eliminates much of the extra material needed to construct eight individual units. 3) The use of the CNC machine will simplify the manufacturing process by reducing the need of manual labor. 4) Using low cost materials such as plywood, which is readily available, will eliminate much of the need to ship materials from further locations which will increase construction cost.

cost analysis

-Selling Cost per Unit Selling cost per unit will be essentially the cost of materials.

No price increase will be made with these units because it is the people who inhabit the structures who will be constructing them.

renders

4747

field view

interior view

LEGEND 2 A emergency exit B louvers C louver crank D foldable shutters E storage of shutters when open

0,8m

LEGEND 3 a primary structure b secondary structure - “gates” c wall sheeting d primary foundation e foundation for emergency exit LEGEND 4 a’ plywood 8cm b’ plywood 5cm c’ plywood 4cm d’ optional insulation e’ stainless steel f’ concrete g’ plywood shell window h’ corrugated metal

1,1m

13,

d 4,6m 5,2m

far perspective - 521 foundations

LEGEND 1 1 living area 2 sleeping area 3 bathroom 4 kitchenette 5 balcony 6 storage 7 staircase

5,8m

5,3m

flooded view

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