Shield papel

A Journey of Dedication and Empowerment

Mrs. Sabado’s journey in education began as a Christian Living Education (CLE) teacher at her alma mater. Over the years, she ascended through the ranks, eventually taking on the role of Assistant Principal for the Senior High School. Today, she manages three distinct academic departments, emphasizing the importance of delegation and empowerment in her leadership style.

“Delegation is the key.”

she asserts, underlining the significance of teamwork and open communication among faculty and students.

The Multifaceted Role of Principal Sabado

The day in the life of Principal Sabado is nothing short of dynamic. It begins with the flag ceremony, followed by periodic classroom visits, demonstrating her dedication to both junior high school and senior high school. Saturdays are reserved for the open high school program, catering to 40 students.

But her commitment to clarity and communication takes center stage as she diligently crafts weekly memos for the faculty. These succinct messages serve as vital tools for organized

communication, ensuring that educational objectives are clearly understood and responsibilities are effectively delegated.

Conflict Resolution and Open Communication

Principal Sabado recognizes the presence of conflicts and concerns within the school community. To address these issues, she ensures that every meeting has a designated minute-taker, and the minutes are reviewed at the next meeting, creating a transparent system for addressing concerns.

Open communication channels are maintained, with an emphasis on constructive dialogue. She encourages the faculty and staff to express their concerns, underscoring the importance of an open-door policy.

Focusing on Safety and Academic Excellence

The safety of students remains Mrs. Sabado’s top priority. Regular school days conclude at 6 PM, while the school remains accessible for various activities, ensuring a balance between academics and extracurriculars. A “learning recovery plan” bridges any learning gaps that may occur due to such activities, showcasing the school’s dedication to academic excellence.

A Fresh Beginning: New Paint and Pending Upgrades

One notable change this school year is the vibrant new paint on the school’s walls, replacing the old, dark hues with a brighter, more lively green, symbolizing a fresh start. Yet, concerns about air conditioning and the school’s sound system have circulated among the St. Joseph community. Principal Sabado assures that these concerns are being addressed through request forms and direct follow-ups, and she encourages fundraising efforts to address the budgetary constraints.

Exciting Upcoming Events and Breaks

The school year promises a series of exciting events, including the Sportsfest, City Meet, Field Day, graduation ball, retreats, Division & Regional Schools Press Conference (DSPC and RSPC), and possibly JAMPSEPH. Moreover, there have been inquiries about field trips but Principal Sabado mentioned that proposals for such events is still under review, and no decisions have been made. She highlighted the financial constraints faced by the school and the need to consider the value of each event and its impact on students’ learning experiences and safety.

Principal Sabado also highlighted upcoming breaks in the school calendar, giving students and staff the opportunity to recharge and spend quality time with their families. The months of November and December where there will be only two weeks of classes because of two weeks Christmas break, and there will also be a break during Holy Week.

n celebration of the Christmas Season, St. Joseph’s College Olongapo, Inc. – Senior High School Department held ‘Paskuhan San Jose 2023’ from December 7 – 13, 2023. At the center of the event were various contests that were participated in by students, one being the “Mary Look-Alike”

The “Mary Look-Alike” was an exclusive contest for girls, with each grade and section having one entry-contender

assigned to represent the Virgin Mary as one of several recognized Marian images. Each section from both Grades 11 and 12 selected one contender in their midst, and through teamwork and under the guidance of their Section Adviser, dressed them according to their assigned Marian representations.

On December 7, 2023, photos of each contender were submitted to the facilitators, jointly: The Office of Student Affairs and the Christian Living Department. The photos were subsequently posted in the school’s webpage the following day. This was to allow people to vote by way of sending reactions per photo and contender in line with the competition’s special “Peoples’ Choice” award.

ing academic year, her management style,

her unwavering commitment to the school community.

LAMA BRAINS OLYMPIAD, ADVANCES TO FINALS

SJC-O EMERGES VICTORIOUS IN

ast December 1, 2023, St. Joseph College - Olongapo Inc. secured the 4th spot among more than 250 schools in the inaugural Brain Olympiad Season 1, a quiz bee-style extravaganza competition that provided a platform for young minds nationwide to display their intellectual prowess and enthusiasm. The prestigious event, held at the AMA Computer College-Olongapo Campus, witnessed the exemplary performance of St. Joseph College - Olongapo Inc. from the Senior High School Department.

The first AMA Brain Olympiad covered various fields, including Science, Mathematics, General Information, English, Philippine History, World History, and Information Technology and Computer Science. The team showcased their intellectual prowess and teamwork in these areas during the intense competition, comprised of exceptional minds, namely Justyn Kurt Fe De Leon from STEM 12 - St. Catherine of Siena, Jia Qi Lynelle Soon from HUMSS 12 - St. Maximilian Kolbe, and Mark John A. Fordan from STEM 11 - St. Thom-

Josephian Journalism: The Shield

as Aquinas, under the guidance of their dedicated coach, Engr. Kriscel Evert C. Manabat.

Both Fordan and Soon are part of The Shield’s editorial board, the school’s official student publication, holding the positions Jr. Associate Editor-in-Chief and Managing Editor, respectively.

The trio are set to compete for the Finals round on February 29, 2024 at Luxent Hotel, Quezon City, where they will be going up against 10 other qualifying teams.

HUMSS strand, Triumphs as Champions of Chorale Fest 2023

On December 13, 2023, students from the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand showcased their prowess at the annual Chorale Fest of St. Joseph’s College – Senior High School (SJC-SHS).

A vibrant and energetic Chorale Fest unfolded at SJC-SHS, where students from various strands such as STEM, HUMSS, ABM, TVL, and ICT gathered to showcase their musical talents.

In gratitude for the successful Chorale Fest, the HUMSS Society expressed heartfelt thanks to the attendees, teachers such as Teacher Ace and Teacher Simon, and their coordinator Mrs. Arestess Undayag, who dedicated time and patiently guided them throughout the preparation process.

During the performance of the HUMSS strand, they demonstrated excellence in singing and musical composition, eliciting joy from the judges and thunderous applause from the audience.

kicks off succesful campus journalism training

These journalism trainers and their respective topics who coached the participants in their respective field of assignments were: Ms. Edriel Eden D. Espiritu (Copyreading and Headline Writing), Mr. Jefferson Morales (Editorial Cartooning), Mr. Richard Madayag (English Radio Broadcasting and Scriptwriting), Ms. Lyde De Jesus (Filipino Radio Broadcasting and Scriptwriting), Ms. Isela A. Gappi (TV Broadcasting and Scriptwriting), Mr. Jomel F.

Lim (Photojournalism), Mr. lance Mascardo (English Feature Writing), Ms. Bernadette Antolin (Filipino Feature Writing), Mr. Simon Sez G. Bale (Sports Writing), and Mr. Sherwin G. Lapeña (Editorial Writing). The Shield Advisers, Ms. Maria Elena Maniego (Junior High School) and Ms. Claudia S. Delfin (Senior High School) facilitated the training and gave their remarks to open the activity.

The half-day training, which is

composed of lectures and workshops, was conducted as part of the program of The Shield and SJCO in giving students basic information on journalism, developing their writing skills, and providing them an opportunity to share their opinions especially on various issues concerning the school and the society.It is also in preparation to the Division Schools Press Conference (DSPC) which is scheduled for Feb-

ABM

GETS DOWN TO BUSINESS WITH ENTERPRISE SIMULATION

The day of the contest, December 13, each section presented their “Mary Look-alike” entries to the panel of judges at the SJC-SHS grounds. The winners of the contest were voted in separately per grade level. For Grade 11: Our Lady of Mt. Carmel took 1st place, followed by Mary,

Ina display of innovation and collaboration, St. Joseph College – Olongapo’s Senior High School Department conducted a monthlong Business Enterprise Simulation, accentuating the entrepreneurial acumen of its students.

The event, which commenced with a soft opening on Monday, March 11, 2024, was spearheaded by the Grade 12 ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management) strand. It served as a showcase of student entrepreneurship, providing a platform for practical learning and skill development. Collaborating across subjects, the simulation integrated elements from Simulation, Business Ethics, and Entrepreneurship. Over

Help of Christians at 2nd place, and Our Lady of the Abandoned - Marikina at 3rd. For Grade 12: 1st place went to Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage – Antipolo, 2nd place for Our Lady of Barangay, and 3rd for Immaculate Comception – Malolos, Bulacan. The People’s Choice award,

the course of the simulation, each Grade 12 ABM group brought business concepts to life through booths showcasing a diverse range of products.

Among the highlights was “Quick Crave,” hailed as the most successful enterprise of the event, capturing the attention and appetite of Josephians. Offering irresistibly delicious chicken poppers and refreshing fruit sodas, it became the go-to spot for students craving a quick and affordable snack. Alongside Quick Crave, other ventures such as Fruitato, Sweet & Savory, Friendly Delights, Crepe Escape, Cornachos, Papi Churros Cafe, and Sip and Toast contributed to the diverse array of products.

which was awarded according to number of reactions on their respective official photos on the school’s official facebook page, went to Our Mother of Perpetual Help (1,783 reactions) for Grade 11 and Our Lady of Visitation – Piat for Grade 12.

Not only did the HUMSS strand emerge as champions in bringing joy to the judges and audience, but they also succeeded in instilling the spirit of Christmas in the hearts of everyone and throughout the entire San Jose community.

Lance Andrei T. Miguel

5.5 Cavite Quake Rattles SJC, Classes and Activities Suspended

On December 5th, 2023 at 4:23PM, our region experienced a 5.5 magnitude earthquake with its epicenter located at Tagaytay, Cavite. While our community remains vigilant, experts assure us that the likeli-

hood of significant aftershocks is low. Heeding the advisory by PHIVOLCS, our school decided to suspend all activities this afternoon to prioritize the health of students and a thorough inspection of our campus. Let’s stay informed, safe, and support one another.

“Natutunan ko during simulation namin yung pagkakaisa at pagkakasundo,” [“During our simulation, I learned the importance of teamwork and unity.”] one of the ABM students shared.

By integrating hands-on entrepreneurial experiences and fostering teamwork, St. Joseph College - Olongapo ensures its students are wellequipped to thrive in the fast-paced, competitive world of business.

“Kung hindi kami magkakaisa mas lalong mahihirapan...”

[If we won’t unite, we’ll face even greater challenges…”] she added.

Jennie Lou Cabutaje

Carl William Ortega

Airah Janelle Picazo

(left to right) Mark John Fordan, Jia Qi Lynelle Soon, Justyn Fe De Leon

Airah Janelle Picazo

Khrystle Izy Patricio

NEWS//BALITA

In the apex of the modern world, few of the conflicts are as significant as the rising conflicts between Palestinian liberation movements and the state of Israel. It had been a constant struggle in decades prior, further intensified by foreign involvement into the region and ethnic strife. Embroiled in the ashes of centuries upon centuries of struggle from one dominant power and its opposition to another, the roots of the tree go far beneath the surface.

The veins of the problems lie far beneath the surface. There are those that say it began with Hadrian and the Jewish Diaspora, while others point to the Ottoman Empire’s acceptance of Jews into the Levant during the turbulent periods of the Jewish migrations, to flee the persecutions and inequities in the West. There was little in the way of conflict until the twilight of the First World War, where the Balfour Declaration paved the road for

the settling of effective Jewish colonies and communities into Palestine, a geographic area inhabited by Arab Palestinians which had been the status quo for the last six centuries under various Muslim states up until the British occupation of the lower Levant.

However, the conflict’s embers erupted into open flames with the votes put forth by the United Nations in the year 1947, partitioning the historic land of Palestine and its inhabitants which had been under the rule of the British into two Jewish and Palestinian Arab states it had drawn upon the lines of ethnic borders, with the swelling numbers of Jewish migrants following the end of the Second World War and the Holocaust perpetrated by the National Socialist regime in Germany which had virtually decimated the European minorities of the Jewish faith. Though noble and rooted in historic principle, given the historic ties of the Jewry

Former members of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ (KOJC) filed complaints against its leader, Pastor Apollo Quiboloy, alleging exploitation.

During a Senate committee hearing led by Senator Risa Hontiveros, two Ukranian women who were formerly part of KOJC accused Quiboloy of taking advantage of them.

One of the accusers, identified as “Nina” testified that she experienced exploitation during what was called a “night duty,” spanning eight years from 2013 until her departure in 2021.

Paul Vincent Pineda

Israel-Palestine Situation

to the land they once knew as Judea, it set into motion the chain of events and conflicts that would mold modern antipathy and antagonism.

And in modern times, ramifications have cascaded into a full blown conflict between the state of Israel and the militant group known as Hamas or the Islamic Resistance Movement, reducing the Gaza Strip, a 41 kilometer long region to the south-western borders of Israel which had been the smaller of the two Palestinian territories, into a warzone, as the strip is disconnected from the other Palestinian Arabs of the West Bank and sandwiched between Egypt, Israel, and the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. With this, the casualties have never been as high as before with a figure of 23,000 Palestinians perishing under Israeli retaliatory attacks, as Hamas and other aligned Palestinian militant groups continue to mount attacks, amounting to a toll of 1,200 Is-

“There was a time he was calling me at night again and then he was trying to explain to me what is the meaning of that like you have to sacrifice body, you have to have sex with him,” she added. Equally alarming was another testimony revealing the coercive tactics employed by Quiboloy’s inner circle. “I leave my job, I leave my school, I leave my friends and my parents, and they were just like, ‘even your body you can sacrifice,’” Sofia said.

The October 27 invasion by the Israeli Defense Forces escalated the conflict from low-level insurgencies by small cells of terrorist organizations to open urban warfare involving well over a million Palestinian Arabs and other minority groups such as Palestinian Christians.

The material losses of the War over Gaza has totalled most of the region’s infrastructure. Over 70% of the 439,000 homes within the Gaza Strip have been obliterated by both Hamas offensives and Israeli counter-attacks on the region as static warfare obliterates all basic means of the unfortunate Palestinians left within the boundaries of the strip. Food, water, and electricity become practically

I cannot explain because I was nervous,” she added.

Another former member, “Amanda,” revealed that Quiboloy allegedly exploited her when she was just seventeen, claiming it was part of her duties within the Ministry of the Pastoral to massage the pastor. She described it as a “special privilege,” reserved for select individuals deemed close to the son of God.

non-existent as Israeli forces deny the entry of most humanitarian aid and efforts to relegate electrical and water lines into the region under the pretense of denying potential militants arms and weaponry. With this, thousands of Palestinians languish from a near non-existent presence of medicine and medical equipment, nor the professionals to utilize them and the bare necessities of food and water.

Both Israeli and Palestinian forces continue to wage a brutal war with seemingly no end in sight. Though calls for peace and negotiations are underway, the desolation left by the campaigns and the conflict have left many reeling from its losses. The loss of life, the loss of property, and dignity. A new generation molded by the fires of war and the loss of the old leaves an indelible mark in history, a generation of orphans, of the sorrowful and resentful.

lag dahil may sili pa mata ko at bibig,” [He called us. He said, “bash your heads until they bleed.” It felt like I was going to die or go blind because there were still peppers in my eyes and mouth.”] he stated.

Senator Risa Hontiveros subpoenaed Quiboloy for not attending the said hearing, however, he made statements on his program.

“It’s called night duty. I was like praying that he will just be sleeping and not touching me, Nina disclosed.

According to the witness, Jack Roy, a pastoral who was close to Quiboloy, allegedly escorted Sofia to a secluded room, forcibly dragging her to Quiboloy’s bedroom when she resisted.

“I was like scared. He said, ‘massage me, feet, here, here, here.’ And little by little, and I was very nervous and it was dark, and suddenly he started to move my hands to put on his back, butt. He said massage here and I was like ‘hmm, ok’ and I massaged,” Sofia disclosed.

“After that, little by little he just turned to me and he removed my clothes, and because I was very shocked, I was like..

She also claimed that there were other minors who became victims of Quiboloy. Amanda purportedly received threats and was sued for cyber libel due to her allegations.

Another former member of KOJC, identified as “Jerome,” allegedly sold various items and remitted all earnings to Quiboloy. According to him, they were prohibited from courting and going to the cinemas, facing punishments when caught disobeying.

“Tumawag siya sa amin. Kinakabit sa speaker sinabi niya, ‘iuntog niyo ulo niyo hanggang dumugo.’ Pakiramdam ko noon mamamatay na ako o mabubu-

“Ni-lay down ko ang kabutihan sa inyo tapos nag-take advantage kayo mga pobre kayo. Mga prostitute kayo,” [I laid down goodness to you and you took advantage of it, you poor things. You are prostitutes.] Quiboloy reportedly said.

“Hindi kayo anak ng Diyos na except sa awtoridad ng estado,”

[You are not a child of God who is exempt from the authority of the state.] said the senator.

Quiboloy’s lawyer was present at the hearing but did not speak, stating that the accusations were personal and should be addressed by Quiboloy himself.

After enduring six years of imprisonment, former Senator Leila de Lima has finally regained her freedom. On the evening of November 13, 2023, at 7:03 p.m., she walked out of the Philippine National Police (PNP) Custodial Center sa Camp Crame, Quezon City.

“Precious freedom! Free at last! Pinakahihintay ko sa buhay ko for more than six years. Ito na, dumating na po. Maraming salamat,” [Precious freedom! Free at last! This is what I’ve been yearning for over six years. It’s finally here. Thank you so much!] de Lima addressed.

The Muntinlupa Regional Trial Court (RTC) Branch 206 upheld the motion of the former senator to reconsider its previous decision and allowed her to post bail amounting to three hundred thousand pesos for the remaining drug-related case.

De Lima expressed her intent to prioitize spending time with her family before resuming her law

practice and potentially teaching at a law school.

Alongside de Lima, her co-accused, including former Corrections Director Franklin Bucayu, Ronnie Dayan, Joenel Sanchez, at Jad Dera, were also granted bail.

The news of de Lima’s release was met with widespread jubilation among her supported, who hailed it as a significant victory for justice.

“Sa wakas makakalaya na po ako. For years, years, my whole being has been crying out for justice and freedom. For six long years, praying, praying so hard for this day to come,” [At last, I will be free. For years, years, my whole being has been crying out for justice and freedom. For six long years, praying, praying so hard for this day to come.] she said.

Albay Representative Edcel Lagman praised the court’s decision as a vindication of de Lima’s innocence.

“The decision...is a step toward justice and freedom for Leila and a harsh indictment of those who falsely accused her of wrongdoing and caused her years of unimaginable suffering in solitary confinement and the indescribable anguish of the malevolently accused,” he said.

Former Vice President Leni Robredo also expressed relief and happiness, commending de Lima courage in upholding what is right.

However, former Chief Legal Counsel of Former President Rodrigo Duterte, Salvador Panelo, contested the decision citing the withdrawal of testimonies from other witnesses as the basis for granting bail. He further emphasized that despite this, there remains substantial evidence proving the guilt of the accused.

“The government can appeal the erroneous grant of bail by the lower court to the higher courts,” Panelo noted.

raeli citizens.

Nikki Mae Alvez

DEVELOPING INTERNATIONAL STORY

Nikki Mae Alvez

Quiboloy, accused of exploitation by former members of KOJC in senate

SSJC turns 76 in high spirits

Jennie Lou Cabutaje

t. Joseph College - Olongapo Inc. commenced its 76th founding anniversary under the theme “SJCOI @76: Embracing the Challenges, Continuing the Mission,” drawing the attention of the entire Josephian community. The Senior High Department spared no effort in ensuring a memorable celebration, orchestrating four days filled with exhilarating activities that captivated the hearts of all involved, culminating in a successful commemoration of the institution’s foundation. From March 11 to 13, preparations were in full swing as the Senior High Department adorned the campus with colorful canopies and festive banners, setting the stage for the festivities to come.

March 14 marked the opening of Foundation Week and was ushered by a presentation of the Stations of the Cross hosted by the CLE Department, followed by an opening ceremony by the school principal, Mrs. Teresa Y. Sabado. The event was flooded with excitement as students eagerly anticipated the spirited competitions, each academic strand showcasing unique enthusiasm. Under the guidance of their dedicated advisers—Mrs. Novabella Rodriguez, Mrs. Arestess Undayag, Engr. Kriscel Evert Manabat, and Engr. Aileen Atrero—the strands (ABM, HUMSS, STEM, TVL-ICT) engaged in spirited yell competitions and banner reveals. Central Board of Students’ President (CBS), Marc Anthony Tiu, led the oath of sportsmanship.

The festivities continued with the Strand Mini Olympics, where students competed in a variety of traditional Filipino games including Calamansi Relay, Balloon Relay, Snack Race, Pass the Shirt, Harina Relay, Red light - Green light, Bingo Game of Faculty Club, and Volleyball Tournament. The day was further elevated by a stirring performance from the SJC Chorale.

A Message of Inspiration and Challenge

In her parting words, Principal Sabado inspired the Josephian community with a powerful challenge. She emphasized the school’s core values of excellence, kindness, and goodness, urging students to prioritize learning over grades, as genuine education transcends letter symbols. She posed a thought-provoking question, asking how each student can contribute to the institution’s growth.

She left the community with an impactful message: “It’s my turn to pose you the question: as a student of St. Joseph College, what can you do

REGIONAL

On the second day of the Foundation Week, the campus came alive with the SHS Alumni Homecoming Welcoming Rites. Students lined Fontaine Street - Campus Walkway with flags and banners, engaging in the spirited unity dance. The atmosphere was electric as alumni and current students alike joined in the festivities, celebrating the rich legacy of St. Joseph CollegeOlongapo Inc.

Shortly after, the Grade 11 Festival Dance Competition took center stage, showcasing the talents of participating strands. HUMSS 11- St. Anthony De Padua impressed the audience and secured the 2nd runner-up position with their mesmerizing performance of the Moriones festival. HUMSS 11 - St. Isidore followed closely as the 1st runner-up with their rendition of the Bangus Festival, while STEM 11 - St. Thomas Aquinas captivated spectators with their dynamic interpretation of the Sinulog festival. As the day progressed, the booths opened their doors, attracting throngs of students eager to explore the array of attractions on offer.

On the third day of the festivities, the allure of the booths continued to captivate students, offering a diverse range of experiences. Notable attractions included the ABM Society’s Carnival Booth, where attendees indulged in classic carnival games and treats. The STEM Society’s Stembayan provided an immersive exploration of scientific concepts with their Escape Room which challenged participants with thrilling puzzles. Collaboration between various societies, including the HUMSS Society, SJC SHS Peer Organization, Speech & Debate Club, and The Shield, resulted in the creation of the 4-Ball Zone—an interactive space for engaging activities. Other highlights included the TVL Society’s Game Hub / Game Blitz, DRRM’s Aid Station Eats, Arts

in return as a possible contribution to the institution? It’s a twoway process. Ask yourself. That’s my challenge to you.”

Ma’am Sabado’s Vision

Glimpse Into the Future of St. Joseph College Inc.

A

The words of Principal Sabado resonate with the entire St. Joseph community, setting a clear vision for the year ahead and emphasizing the importance of unity, communication, and personal growth. As the school year unfolds, it is evident that St. Joseph College is in capable and compassionate hands.

Negligent mishap in Dinalupihan

On a quaint Wednesday evening on January 24, the roads of the Jose Abad Santos Avenue of Dinalu

turns and rough roads coupling this with the nighttime circumstance of provincial roads. The bus lost control on its brakes as it tried to overtake a truck, resulting in a head-on collision with the jeepney and tricycles. The hammering impact took the lives of one woman and two other men, according to a report from the Dinalupihan Municipal Police Sta-

The bus driver now faces charges on reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide, charges on multiple physical injuries and compensations for damaged properties on the affected avenue.

and Design’s Artsy Memories, Josephian’s Gallery’s Photobooth, Theatre’s Guild’s Lollapalooza, Campus Youth Ministry’s Marriage Booth, Central Board of Students’s Blind Date Booth, Red Cross Youth’s Hawak Kamay, and Faculty Club’s Ticket Booth / Jail Booth. Amidst the festivities, the ABM Booth Simulation provided a unique opportunity for students to immerse themselves in the world of business and management. Delightful treats and refreshments, offered in an array of flavors, were enjoyed by the entire community, adding to the vibrant atmosphere of the celebration.

On the last day of the Senior High Department’s celebration, the campus united in observance of the Solemnity of St. Joseph and the Feast Day of St. Joseph Parish. The day commenced with the Karakol Salubong at Hermana’s House, followed by a solemn procession, honoring the revered saint. To conclude the Foundation Week with flair, Grade 12 students took center stage, showcasing their talents in modern dance performances. The Grade 12 Contemporary Dance Performance commenced, with HUMSS 12 - St. Maximilian Kolbe earning the accolade of 2nd runner-up. STEM 12 - St. John Paul VI claimed the title of 1st runner-up, while STEM 12- St. John Paul II emerged as the champion, captivating the audience with their stellar performances.

Following the dance competition, the volleyball tournament per strand added to the excitement, as students showcased their athletic prowess in spirited matches.

The day culminated in a Thanksgiving Mass at St. Joseph Parish, offering gratitude for the successful execution of Foundation Week and fostering a sense of unity and community among all participants.

CNN PH shuts down

Tanya Marie De Perio

The network was first launched in 2015 under a brand licensing agreement between Turner and Nine Media Network, which is among the companies under the ALC Group of Companies launched by Ambassador Antonio Cabangon-Chua.

CNN Philippines president Benjie Ramos announced that nine years after debuting in the local broadcasting industry;

On Jan. 21, CNN Philippines, the worldwide media brand’s franchise holder, Nine Media Corp., announced that it would shut down operations across all media channels due to financial difficulties.

It has been reported to have accumulated losses of more than PHP 5 billion sustained over the past years.

“It is with heavy heart that we share the difficult news that Nine Media’s news production will stop its operations due to serious financial losses, made even worse by the pandemic,” stated Ramos, who became emotional upon breaking the news.

Ramos pointed out that despite their best efforts, it has become clear that they were not able to sustain their operations.

“To our staff, we thank you for your commitment and dedication,” CNN Philippines said.

“To our partners, including CNN Worldwide/Turner Broadcasting Corp., we are grateful for your support.”

The media company expressed their gratitude towards their devoted audience and said they were honoured to have been of service to them.

Paul Vincent Pineda

CNN Philippines shuts down operations on all media platforms effective Wednesday, January 31, 2024, due to financial losses.

The 30th of November

BONIFACIO DAY | Shift in dates Shift in essence?

This November 30, 2023, the Philippines venerate the birth of hero and revolutionary, Andres Bonifacio.

Bonifacio is widely known as ‘The Father of The Philippine Revolution.’ He, along with a few others helped establish the Kataastasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK), a covert revolutionary and nationalist movement whose presence was greatly significant in the Filipinos’ effort to gain independence from Spanish colonialism and oppression – where Bonifacio was the Kataastaasang Pangulo (Presidente Supremo). The KKK sought to be the guiding force which would allow the Philippines to break off from the Spanish empire and establish a free and independent nation; The Republic of The Philippines. After 160 years, it is only just that we as a nation commemorate Bonifacio’s bravery and heroism to lead the Filipino people to its righteous freedom against colonial oppression.

There is long-standing precedence for such a commemoration. Bonifacio Day, in 1952 as it was formally separated from National Heroes’ Day which previously shared the same day, has been consistently celebrated along with other major holidays, some of other heroes as well. It was independently memorialized in that year under President Elpidio Quirino.

However, a wave of criticism swept the Ferdinand Marcos Jr. administration upon their decision to shift the commemoration of Bonifacio Day to Monday, on the 27th of November. The rationale for such a change? Holiday economics.

Holiday economics is a principle in policy-making which shifts the dates for the commemoration of public holidays to the nearest weekend. The actual ‘Day’ itself does not change, only the day in which the holiday is observed. Such policy was first introduced by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in January 2007 by effect of Proclamation No. 1211.

This would eventually be repealed in December 2010 by Proclamation No. 82 of former President Benigno Aquino III. And on November 11, 2022, President Marcos Jr. reintroduced holiday economics with his Proclamation No. 90.

These policies on holiday economics are intended to boost the economy, as expectedly, people tend to travel and spend more money when holidays create long weekends. Fundamentally, this benefits the local economy as more cash is injected into circulation by numerous persons.

The question arises amidst all however,

Does the economy really justify a shift in Andres Bonifacio’s day of commemoration?

Should the observance of major holidays reserved for national heroes be set aside for economic reasons and to generate long weekends?

Athea Joshe Onod

Turmoil in the tides

The Republic of Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China are, once again, in the great game.

What makes a country independent?

The answer seems evident: an established constitution, legal, economic, and political systems, a distinct culture, and—most importantly—the collective will of the people.

But in the current international scene, it seems that one gigantic nation in Asia begs to differ.

Taiwan recent general elections, held last January 13, resulted in a presidential victory for the independence-leaning Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), agitating the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which has consistently and relentlessly asserted its ‘one-China’ principle. Under the one-China principle, the PRC asserts that there is but one China in the world, that Taiwan is an inalienable part of China, and that the government of the PRC is the only legal government representing the entirety of China.

This is not a rule that Taiwan’s president-elect seeks to adhere to, however. William Lai Ching-te, the island’s vice president, promised to preserve the Taiwan’s independence from China and strengthen its ties with other democratic nations, a position that outgoing president Tsai Ing-wen— the DPP’s former chairperson—has consistently upheld. The DPP administration advocates a stance favoring the sovereignty of Taiwan and the maintenance of the status quo, where it seeks to normalize cross-strait relations based

on “the historical fact and current reality that Taiwan is sovereign and independent, that it is called the Republic of China (ROC) according to the current constitution, and that neither Taiwan nor the PRC belongs to the other”.

Indeed, aspirations for independence are not enough to guard the tiny island against its aggressor. However, media coverage and popular commentary frequently centers around the perception that Taiwan lacks political and military independence.

The truth is: Taiwan’s independence runs far deeper than these aspects.

To begin with, China and Taiwan’s disputes originate from the Chinese Civil War, where the once-dominant Kuomintang (KMT) government headed by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek was driven out of the mainland and into Taiwan following the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) led by Mao Zedong.

The KMT then ruled the island as a single-party state for forty years highlighted by Chiang Kai-shek’s authoritarian dictatorship. Chiang’s Republic of China would be recognized as the legitimate Chinese government, controlling China’s decisions in the United Nations until his death. The ROC’s international standing, however, faced challenges as U.S.-China relations strengthened. As a result, the U.S. severed diplomatic ties with Taiwan and established full diplomatic relations with the PRC.

The 1980s saw Taiwan’s democratic transition under

Chiang’s son, Chiang Ching-kuo, and the shift towards democracy was completed by the latter’s eventual successor, President Lee Teng-hui. This period witnessed a gradual progression towards democracy, resulting in a growing disconnect between the younger generations in Taiwan and mainland China. Subsequently, the nation evolved from a one-party state to a dynamic multi-party democracy with elected presidents, a political system strongly supported by its public.

At present, much of the Taiwanese populace harbors distrust towards China and wants their democracy to maintain its de facto independence. This sentiment has been further intensified by the PRC’s crackdown on political dissidents who resisted the National Security Law in Hong Kong four years ago. The recent election results in Taiwan underscore a prevailing alignment with the Democratic Progressive Party’s (DPP) stance, emphasizing the assertion of the island’s sovereignty, even in the face of potential economic sanctions or military intimidation from the PRC.

The question thus revolves around whether the people of Taiwan can culturally integrate with China, considering that Taiwan’s republic has established its own statutes, economic position, societal principles, and a structure of self-reliance through self-governance.

For the record, Taiwan is an established democracy under a unitary constitutional republic, where its president and vice president are directly elected by the people. It has a semi-presidential system wher e executive power is shared between a popularly elected president (head of state) and a legislature-selected prime minister (head of government). Taiwan’s central government consists of five branches or yuans: the Executive, Legislative, Judicial, Control, and Examination Yuans. Its prevailing system ensures that each department’s powers and responsibilities are effectively checked and balanced.

The same, however, could not be said for China. It operates under a communist state framework, led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which controls all government agencies, armed forces, courts, and legislative assemblies. The CCP follows a hierarchical structure, with President Xi Jinping at the top and millions of grassroots branches at the base. In contrast to Taiwan’s five branches of government, the PRC operates with the National People’s Congress (NPC) as its sole branch and the highest organ of state power. Although most delegates are elected by local people’s congresses at the provincial level, the CCP’s control over nomination and election processes significantly limits citizen influence and effectively stifles opposition.

A poll conducted between June and September 2023 showed that 66% of respondents viewed China’s influence and strength as a threat, where DPP supporters (78%) were more inclined to agree with this sentiment than KMT supporters (58%). It is thus evident that implementing the PRC’s political system in Taiwan would face strong opposition from the democratic and freedom-loving Taiwanese population.

Yet it is not only the “lack” of democracy in China that makes reunification difficult: democratic concepts also differ between the two nations. A 2021 study found that mainland Chinese value performance of public officials, whereas Taiwan’s people are more accustomed to a Western-style democracy in which individual rights are prioritized in policy discussions. Despite mainland Chinese and Taiwanese

having some form of consensus in terms of democratic processes, Taiwanese people have a deeper and more widely shared commitment to participation and pluralism than their mainland counterparts. There, the people have power because the preservation of individual rights is highlighted and brought up in policy discussions.

Lastly, one of the most crucial factors contributing to Taiwan’s unique identity as a country is its demographic composition and still-evolving cultural identity. Although it can be argued that more than 95% of Taiwan’s 23.5 million population are Han Chinese and thus no significant cultural friction would take place should Taiwan integrate with the PRC, Taiwanese society now views the island’s 580,000 indigenous inhabitants—over 2% of its population—as a safeguard against China’s territorial encroachments.

What better way to demonstrate Taiwan’s distinct identity than to emphasize the existence of its native populations stretching back millennia? Highlighting the longstanding presence of Taiwan’s native populations is an effective way to underscore its unique cultural identity. Even Taiwan’s ethnic Han population has accentuated the significance of Taiwan’s indigenous cultures to distinguish the nation from China. One of the clearest demonstrations of Taiwan’s thriving pluralism is the allocation of six seats in the legislature designated for Taiwan’s indigenous population. And as awareness of Taiwan’s aboriginal communities grew, the government undertook initiatives to address historical grievances—formally apologizing to its indigenous inhabitants as well as financially compensating victims of the “White Terror”.

Overall, Taiwan stands as a distinct entity from China on various fronts: the line between Han Chinese and aboriginal Taiwanese has blurred with each generation and the two progressively divulge into a cosmopolitan ‘Taiwanese’ culture, characterized by its own hallmarks of cuisine, linguistics, and local customs.

Indeed, navigating foreign relations is no black-andwhite matter, for a simple assertion of national identity could potentially plunge Taiwan into complex and challenging diplomatic scenarios, especially considering the looming threat of a militarily superior nation.

But given its relatively young age and functioning democratic system, the international community should afford Taiwan the freedom to explore and solidify its national identity without undue influence from control- and economically motivated global powers. Regardless of principles, demographic considerations, or political dynamics, the undeniable fact is that Taiwan has evolved into a sovereign nation.

In the words of former president Tsai Ing-wen, “Taiwan does not need to seek independence, for it is independent.already “ As one of the most vibrant democracies in Asia, the power of the island to discover, determine, and establish its national identity rests ultimately on its citizens—the people of Taiwan.

Athea Joshe Onod

OPINION//OPINYON

TO THE EDITOR;

correspondence from the readers to the editor.

I think it’s an understatement to say that this year has been eventful. You truly were dedicated with going through The Shields tagline — “Break the Norms!”. Many could not imagine what the school publication would be like without your guidance. The fun and interactive events we experience regardless if you’re a member or not is something everyone appreciates and hopes to develop further. Cheers to more days of being a journalist!

- Anonymous reader

Hello po! Favorite ko po ‘yung posting niyo sa Sportsfest! Ang angas po ng graphics! Goodluck po sa DSPC! - Alyzza

I really admire how productive The Shield has been for this schoolyear! If I were asked to pick an absolute favorite of the school paper’s publishings thus far, I’d have to go with the recent semester send-off post featuring mixed media elements, though, the teacher’s day video saga is a close contender, largely in part to the video’s engaging and entertaining editing! :D

- Pares S. Kanto

PRIVATE PUBLIC

OR

The teaching profession and the problem of pay

“Mababa kasi sahod, nak.” was the response a correspondent received when asking their teacher, a year ago, why she decided to leave our school. It was unfortunate: she was engaging, lively, and genuinely made people love to learn. Curious, it seemed that many of the teachers in our school would stay for a few years, and then leave for something bigger. Harkening back to that conversation, I now realize that this exodus of teachers from private to public was not a phenomenon isolated to the specific institutions.

It was something of a nationwide concern.

Teachers who teach in private schools often shift to public education institutions due to a variety of reasons, whether it be due to security of tenure, compensation, or benefits. It is a common practice among private institutions to hire unlicensed teachers, but those educators tend to leave private schools for public schools once they obtain their licenses. Although public school teachers may face challenges such as overcrowded classrooms or limited resources, they enjoy benefits such as healthcare, retirement packages, and regular salary increases. On the other hand, private school teachers often work in more favorable conditions with better facilities, yet receive lower salaries. This salary range is often insufficient to cover basic monthly necessities, as a staggering statistic unveils.

A survey by the Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT) conducted in June and released in July revealed that low salaries, excessive workload, and difficulty in promotion rank highest among the concerns of private school teachers. Polling 103 teachers from 74 private schools and universities across the country, the survey found that around one in four private school teachers earn less than the National Capital Region minimum wage of P620 per day. Monthly salaries for entry-level educators in private institutions, according to ACT, range from P10,000 to P15,000. More than six out of ten received salaries lower than the P27,000 entry-level pay of public school teachers. This wage is worryingly small, leaving little margin to adequately cover the coun- try’s approximate P30,000 cost of living for a Filipino family of four. There are indeed private schools that pay their teach- ers well. But why do the wages of the vast majority fall short compared to those working in the public sector?

One such cause is the failure to strictly implement R.A. 6728, the Govern -

ment Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education or the GASTPE Act, effective since June 1989. Section 5, paragraph 2 of the law mandates that 70% of tuition fee increases (TFI) shall go to the payment of salaries, wages, allowances, and benefits of teaching and non-teaching personnel, except for administrators who are principal stockholders of the school. The remaining 20% shall be allotted to the school’s improvement of buildings, equipment, facilities, and other operation costs. However, general tuition increases (what students pay) do not necessarily mean significant increases in tuition fees, as a large portion of these increases are typically allocated towards miscellaneous and other fees. Though under the Enhanced GASTPE (R.A. 8545), teachers from private high schools are assisted with in-service training funds, the TFI as stated in both versions of the law is loosely defined to begin with.

ACT’s same survey found that at least 17% have yet to receive increases in salary in line with the tuition fees. It has been decades since the passage of the law, yet teachers in private institutions who bear the responsibility of delivering quality education to students have fallen behind their public counterparts when it comes to pay and benefits. Moreover, teachers from private institutions are often left in the dark regarding how raises in tuition are allocated to their salaries.

These findings show us that not only are private school teachers overlooked by the very law that was developed to assist them, but also that the vague definition of TFIs within the provisions proves to be ineffective in raising the wages of private school teachers to livable standards. With this in mind, it is perhaps fair to say that private schools are, at their core, businesses driven by profit.

According to Secretary-General of ACT Private Schools Jerome Geronimo, teachers “have always been used by the government as an excuse to counter the calls of public school teachers for salary increase, as such may purportedly cause the shutting down of many private schools”. In September 2022, Vice President and education secretary Sara Duterte asserted that continuing to increase the salary of teachers in public schools would “put undue pressure on private educational institutions”, thus exacerbating the exodus of teachers from public to private. The reason, Duterte explains, is that the standard of the market is the private sector.

We echo House Deputy Minority Leader France Castro’s statement during the same session that the wages of teachers should rest on the cost of living and consumer price index, rather than the dictates of the market standard. Rather than divest the public school teachers of salaries because it “hurts” the private sector, the government and its stakeholders should help raise the pay of educators in the private sector to keep up with their public counterparts.

As students, the quality of education we experience is directly affected by how much incentive teachers have to teach. Change may not be imminent, but our collective action is needed to achieve these desired conditions.

Truly, the government can enact multiple reforms to increase students’ accessibility to education. Yet in our pursuit of a more innovative and educated society, let us not forget the people who wield the torch of knowledge in their hands: our teachers.

Alyssa Rhea Austria

Calls of the Charter: The Constitution Under Scrutiny

Calls to amend the Philippines’ 1987 Constitution have thrown the country’s two most powerful political dynasties—the Marcoses and Dutertes—into an open quarrel. Amidst the clans’ mudslinging and the rallies they conduct to shore up support, the topic of constitutional change looms as an open question for the Filipino citizen.

Enshrined into the very core of the Philippine government, the 1987 Constitution came at a time of great change. Following the People Power Revolution’s ousting of the widely controversial dictator President Ferdinand E. Marcos, any attempt to prolong office terms or establish other branches of governance has been met with great opposition. However, with the political scene shifting in favour of the current president, the late dictator’s son; President Bongbong Marcos, the stir for reforms through the means of a charter change; “Cha-cha”, as it is widely known, has grown with the tenacity of the administration. The calls for reforms in both the economic and political aspects of the government have been met with fanfare and support, criticism, suspicion, and distrust.

By nature, the Constitution’s framework exists to uphold a bicameral government empowering a unitary presidential system. Parliamentarianism, on the other hand, is often pushed by those seeking greater regional representation and a more direct line between the constituents and those in office; however, this is better yet seen as theory than fact. The Chacha’s economic provisions, however, garner much sway as foreign investment is seen as an opportunity to shore up more jobs and livelihoods. To that end, distrust from the chambers of government and the populace over the implications of foreign ownership within rather grey and obscure preliminaries may implicate loopholes in both provisions and the statutes in place.

In posterity, it is not the first time that the Constitution has come under the purview of prying politicians or opportunistic business-minded elites. The winds blow in various directions with the charter changes, and much

SHIELD

Harkening to the days of Presi dent Ferdinand E. Marcos, any call for a par liamentary form of government is seen with disdain; this would not only prevent a check on political mo tives, but also in the duration of terms, as laws that uphold the current adminis tration’s goals and provisions would be easily passed through the consensus of the few.

Jan Gonzales

Alliyah Vera Cruz

Micutuan

Magno

Galang

Claudia S. Delfin

Teresa Y. Sabado

Josephian Opinions

Paul Vincent Pineda piece by

Alyssa Rhea Austria

Jennie Lou Cabutaje EDITOR IN-CHIEF

Seed of Hope

Mang Pedro, a farmer from Central Luzon, stared at the golden expanse of his sunkissed fields, burdened by the consequences of President Bongbong Marcos’ proposal - a proposal that puts rice on people’s table, but takes food off of farmers. The P20 rice promise may seem tempting in its affordability, however, its hidden cost lies in the detriment it inflicts upon farmers, hiding the true impact of its low price.

He

walked along the trails of his green fields, remembering each capricious season that he endured. He struggled against policies that, while aiming for economic relief, accidentally aggravated the predicament of those at the grassroots. The government may fix the price of rice, but it fails to address the burden on farmers like him. The P20 rice promise pushes farmers to the brink of survival. From the seeds and fertilizers, they use to the labor and equipment they need, the once-thriving dream of achieving prosperity through agriculture is now a daily struggle for survival. In the middle of the plains, his children, dressed in torn clothes, help tend the fields instead of pursuing education. This is when he drew to a close, the P20 rice proposal overlooks the true cost of his

labor.

Reaching the end of the fields, nipa huts with large windows and no divisions were to be seen. Behind those closed

doors were marginalized farmers fused to be silenced. It was struggling with uncertainty brought by the proposal, tormented access to insurance and the of agricultural lands. Behind were farmers victimized by profits and looming hunger.

Like a seed of Pedro, along farm - ers, possesses ma - nent potential and flourish. seed, when with care, a bountiful their forts pability forth change ity to their A farmer’s journey tament to the interdependence policy decisions and touch. As the sun sets over panse of rice paddies, Mang ries a poignant message that the fields - a call for policies the intricacies of agriculture who depend on it for their very

Khrystle Izy Patricio

march 2024

farmers who rewas a community and adversity tormented by low fragmentation Behind those doors by disappearing

of hope, Mang with countless possesses the impotential to grow flourish. Just like a when nurtured care, can yield bountiful harvest, collective efforts have the capability to bring forth positive change and prospertheir community. journey is a tesinterdependence of the lives they over the vast exMang Pedro carthat goes beyond policies that consider and the people very survival.

Beginning and end.

“If you

prayed more,

then you wouldn’t have depression. It’s all in your head.”

It should not be surprising that the present generation has taken an increasingly open stance on the subject of mental health. It is clear as day that self-care in that regard is becoming more and more of a priority for individuals.

According to a study conducted by Koenig et al. (2001), it is implied that the establishment of mechanisms which combat stress, anxiety, and depression shows a deeper application in one’s sense of faith, practice of religion, and spirituality. Nonetheless, Smith et al. (2004) argues that there is an extrinsic orientation in religion and a negative approach towards it, as in avoidance of one’s difficulties in life by practicing their religion and repenting to God for their problems which is sometimes associated with symptoms of depression. However, there are still studies which state that the relationship of religion and depression is far more complex than such understandings. We need to consider all of the factors which could contribute to such a phenomenon such as denomination, race, gender, and different personal approaches to religion, to better grasp how it affects different people.

Because of the unfounded instillation of guilt and fear, the beliefs, behavior, and mechanisms of approaching religion, have the potential to magnify anxiety. Nevertheless, it is fair to say that the scared and doubtful may find some solace in turning to their religion in such situations.

Studies often show the negative connection between substance-abuse and religious practice, which is unsurprising considering the majority of major religions have firm stances against substance-abuse which is believed to degrade the body, mind, and soul. It is apparent that religion is part of most individuals’ waking life. For some, the sliver of hope which shines upon them is what saves them from the burrowing darkness eating them from the inside. Thus, it is undeniable that religion is the very thing that looms over and ties people to their plights. At the end of the day, each of us remains the authority of our own judge-

ments and perceptions, whenever or wherever we draw the line, depends solely on the self.

Patricio

Carl William Ortega

With a theme of ‘Pasko Para Sayo,’ advocating for a Christmas that tells everyone’s story, December 15 marked the beginning of SJC’s adventure. Beneath the awakening sky, SJC’s volunteers carried the spirit of Christmas to the children of Buhawen. From Olongapo to the city of San Marcelino, the volunteers embarked on a one-hour journey, followed by another one-and-a-half-hour ride to reach Buhawen Elementary School. Despite the challenging road to Sitio Camalca, involving lahar landscapes and steep roads, volunteers experienced the daily struggles of children in their pursuit of education. They didn’t let this difficult journey crush their spirits; instead, it fueled their desire to help the community.

Upon reaching Buhawen Elementary School with 150 students eagerly awaiting them, the volunteers found the trip worthwhile. Both volunteers and students shared hopeful hearts, anticipating a day filled with the Christmas Spirit — compassion, generosity, happiness, joy, and love.

The memorable day began with Daniel C. Ra-

mos, the Faculty President of the school, introducing Buhawen Elementary School and expressing gratitude to Saint Joseph College-Olongapo - Senior High Dept., led by Mrs. Teresa Y. Sabado. This was followed by a prayer led by Aeschylus Florendo, one of the outreach donors, who chose to spend her birthday with the children. The event continued with the singing of the National Anthem, led by the Humanities and Social Sciences Society Adviser, Mrs. Arestess Undayag. Mrs. Claudia Delfin, the SJC SHS Faculty President, then delivered her opening remarks, emphasizing that Jesus is the essence of Christmas. During her speech, she engaged the children by asking them who to call when hungry, to which they enthusiastically responded, “Jesus!”

In the early hours, SJC’s volunteers actively engaged the Aeta students in interactive activities, skillfully hosted by the dynamic duo of The Shield Editor-in-chief and HUMSS Society President, Jennie Lou Cabutaje, and Ashlee Venice Cristobal, respectively. The inclusion of fun games such as Hep Hep Hooray and Isip Bata, organized with the assistance of student volunteers and faculty members, not only entertained the children but also fostered a sense of camaraderie, turning the outreach program into a merry celebration. Everyone became a part of a merri-

ment that surpassed cultural differences, creating a shared memory of joy and connection.

The Shield, along with the HUMSS Society, STEM Society, ABM Society, TVL - ICT Society, Class Representatives, and the faculty of St. Joseph handed out presents, food, and donations, each wrapped with care and love. While doing so, the students not only shared dance moments with the children but also witnessed the children showcasing their own dancing skills. The infectious spirit of joy extended to the faculty, who enthusiastically joined the fun, presenting their dance showcase, featuring the trademark “Girl in the Mirror” led by Mr. Aran Jake Barrameda, the ever-jovial teacher, along with the rest of the faculty.

The eyes of the children lit up with excitement as they received their gifts, discovering not just toys and essentials but the profound joy that comes from knowing they are cherished by newfound friends.

In a unique twist, as the Aeta children received their presents, they reciprocated with their own offerings and genuine hugs. The SJC community trans-

FOUR MORE YEARS... OR CHANGE?

Have you ever had the feeling of being validated, was it the other way around?

We all know for sure that as students, we crave academic validation, and it is commonly normal. The atmosphere at school was filled with anticipation as the much-awaited issuance of the first quarter report cards took place. The hallway radiated with various emotions as students exchanged whispers about their expectations and results. We cannot deny that receiving praise for our academic excellence gives us a profound sense of satisfaction. The attainment of high grades goes beyond mere numbers on a piece of paper; it symbolizes our accomplishments and serves as a reminder of the countless hours invested in studying and the sleepless nights driven by the determination to succeed.

Although academic validation pushes a student to their best, it can also lead to their lowest point, which is why they are slowly being damaged by the workloads, and never-ending pressure from

knowledgement of efforts can enhance motivation, the constant cycle of seeking approval combined with the challenges in academics can lead to mental fatigue, impacting your overall well-being. It heightens stress, anxiety, pressure, and a persistent perception of inadequacy, as the individual struggles with a constant need for external validation. There are some instances wherein we go insane - to the point where we give our blood, sweat, and tears for that particular thing, but what we receive isn’t what we deserve.

The consistent quest in academic validation calls for vigilant actions. Start by recognizing and embracing your inherent qualities, values, and capabilities. As the first and second quarter of the academic year concludes, congratulations to everyone on a job well done. The efforts and hard work each one of you have put into this quarter are valued and appreciated, with two more quarters ahead and a whole semester to complete, let us continue to give our best and savor the rest of the academic year, aiming for a fulfilling experience and leaving no room for regrets.

Always remember, there is always room for improvement! You just need to take and maximize your time wisely and effectively, along with allowing yourself to explore and enjoy the process of improving. Take breaks whenever you feel like it. Keep in mind that overworking yourself isn’t the solution to aiming for the best. Got a burnout feeling? Take a break, go out, alter your mind onto something that makes you feel at ease, and discover new experi-

formed from mere givers to recipients of love. The simple yet profound act of gratitude from the children of Buhawen created a bond, leaving SJC with hearts filled of warmth. The program concluded with Mr. Ariel Espiritu, the Vice Principal of SJC SHS, delivering his closing remarks, emphasizing that the outreach program wouldn’t have been possible without God’s grace. He highlighted that the birth of His Son, Jesus Christ, is the essence of the season, a sentiment that everyone wholeheartedly agreed with.

SJC not only brought joy to Buhawen, but Buhawen reciprocated that joy back to SJC in ways that words can scarcely capture. What unfolded on that day is more than just a tale of “salo-salo”; it is a poignant narrative of a genuine connection, an intertwining of two communities that came, reached, and united together in a way that left an indelible mark on the hearts of all who were part of it. In the spirit of giving, the most treasured gift one could ever receive during this season is the profound bond forged between the SJC community and the people of Buhawen. What began as an adventure under the dawn sky ended as a story that will linger in the hearts of all involved, creating a lasting impact on both the givers and the receivers.

The year 2024 will be the busiest for democracies in history as seven out of ten of the most populous nations in the world, covering half of the global population, will go to polling stations and elect national and local leaders, hoping to improve the fates of their countries in a post-pandemic world. Numerous countries prominent on the global stage will also pick between continuity or change on the national level, including the United States of America. A Democrat president and a Republican-dominated lower chamber of the 118th Congress has been recognized as “one of the least productive Congresses since 1951” as the Congress has only enacted 34 public laws as of this writing. With unemployment rates rising at a third of the states nationwide this January, and three of the six “battleground states” recording rates at 4% or above, polls project a lean for Republican challenger and former President Donald Trump in key states Nevada and Arizona, with Michigan tilting Democrat, a point for incumbent President Biden. Nonetheless, joblessness rates nationwide are near the lowest levels since the 1960s. Along with wage growth, Biden will most likely utilize these statistics in his bid for a second term in November.

Donald Trump winning the Iowa and New Hampshire Republican Primaries, raise little doubts on his nomination, being the most popular Republican eyeing the White House;

he will face Joe Biden for the second time, in hopes of securing 270 out of 538 electoral votes required to win the Presidency. Americans will choose between two old men, strengthening the very much alive gerontocracy, straying further away from the youth. According to a poll by Pew Research Center, Americans consider inflation, health costs, the budget deficit, and crimes as the top problems facing the nation — from the same institute, Americans agree with the Democratic party when it comes to social and climate issues, while siding with the Republicans when dealing with economic problems and crime concerns. This alone says a lot about the two-party system, how dangerous it is for America how its people are now taking its toll. The current system, together with the culture of electing old people in government has resulted in harm that almost endangered the entire nation numerous times, such as the federal budget crisis that they still face today — both sides avoid compromise, the key to solve problems in America decades ago.

Forces driving the gap between the Dems and the GOP, aside from beliefs, include its own members; the Republicans have allowed the recruitment of hardline members in its own party, most notably those who form the so-called “Freedom Caucus” which has 45 members on the 435-member strong House of Representatives. During the Trump presidency, they have shifted their focus to absolute loyalty to Trump.

Jennie Lou Cabutaje Khrystle Izy Patricio

Mary Anne J. Legaspi | Tanya Marie C. De Perio

Denzel Rex Montenegro

Breaking Barriers:

Pope Francis’s Journey Towards LGBTQ+ Inclusivity in the Catholic Church

In a world often marked by cultural, religious, and societal divisions, Pope Francis stands as a beacon of compassion and inclusivity within the Catholic Church.

Amidst the ancient echoes of tradition, his voice resounds with a message of understanding and acceptance, particularly on LGBTQ+ issues, challenging the very fabric of conventional beliefs.

Jorge Mario Bergoglio, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, assumed leadership of the Catholic Church in 2013.

From the outset of his papacy, he became a champion of compassion, advocating for change on various fronts—poverty, immigration, and climate change. Yet, it is his evolving stance on LGBTQ+ matters that has captivated attention and applause from those yearning for progress within the Church.

In 2013, Pope Francis uttered the trans -

formative words, “Who am I to judge?” in response to a query about gay priests, dismantling the walls of conservative perspectives. His assertion that “homosexuality is not a crime” marked a departure from traditional dogmas, signaling a desire for candid and understanding communication.

As the years unfolded, Pope Francis continued to defy norms, embracing a pastoral approach towards LGBTQ+ individuals. He urged Catholics to focus on love and compassion, challenging them to move beyond judgment. This shift in rhetoric breathed hope into the hearts of those who had long felt marginalized within the Church.

In 2016, a groundbreaking document, “Amoris Laetitia” (The Joy of Love), echoed his call for a more inclusive approach. While not altering the Church’s stance on same-sex relationships, it encouraged priests to show understanding and compassion to individuals in non-traditional family structures, including LGBTQ+ families.

Recent headlines thrust Pope Francis into the spotlight, with his expression of approval for same-sex marriage seen by some as a “radical shift in policy.” However, a closer look at the Vatican’s stance reveals a nuanced approach, emphasizing that blessings for same-sex couples should not be equated with the sacrament of marriage and must adhere to specific conditions.

Cardinal Víctor Manuel Fernández, head of the Vatican’s doctrine office, introduced a document acknowledging the possibility of blessing same-sex couples without altering traditional teachings on marriage. This decision aligns with Pope Francis’s pastoral vision, signaling a delicate balance between inclusivity and adherence to age-old doctrines.

In an era where the Church often finds itself defending against secular challenges, Pope Francis seems determined not to relinquish a vital channel for popular piety. The recent statement, limiting blessings, reflects concerns about setting excessively high moral standards on a cherished pastoral act, risking the overshadowing of its primary goal— sharing God’s love.

The controversy surrounding the blessing of same-sex couples has spotlighted the issue, especially in Germany, where priests persist in bestowing blessings despite Vatican opposition. Francis DeBernardo, executive director of New Ways Ministry, applauds Pope Francis’s move, viewing it as a crucial step in overturning the stringent oversight of pastoral care enforced by earlier church leaders.

In the face of skepticism from conservatives and unrelenting pressure from liberals, Pope Francis appears to have firmly decided on same-sex union approval in Germany. The statement explicitly notes that after the provided advice, no further answers are to be expected regarding potential laws or the realities of such blessings. In the hallowed halls of the Vatican, where tradition and progress converge, Pope Francis continues to navigate a delicate balance, steering the Church toward a more inclusive future.

Pope Francis’s Catholic Church upholds the dogma that marriage is a lifelong partnership between a man and a woman in spite of these moves in the direction of a more inclusive approach. The Church’s stance on same-sex marriage hasn’t changed significantly, despite some signs of acceptance.

It is essential to acknowledge that Pope Francis’s stance on LGBTQ+ matters signify a gradual progression within the Catholic Church, recognizing the need for increased empathy and comprehension while adhering to established theology. The Church has been having discussions and debates on tolerance and acceptance of LGBTQ+ people as a result of the Pope’s stance and remarks.

Naomi Chaile Ordaz

FOUR MORE YEARS... OR

while stealing it from the American people and those who immigrated through the legal way. Today, both the free world and authoritarian regimes are closely watching the roll of events. The 2024 election would answer questions concerning the future position of the United States on Ukraine-Russia war, the Israel-Hamas conflict, the expanding Chinese influence threatening multiple countries around the world and its ambitions to conquer Taiwan through force.

CHANGE?

Denzel Rex Montenegro

Maintaining hardline stances such as removing the former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy, alleging the speaker of “asking help from the Democrats’ — clearly states that crossing the aisle has now become frowned upon by politicians. On the other hand, the Democratic Party tends to support illegal immigrants by encouraging “sanctuary” cities such as those in California and New York, making it easier for illegal immigrants to take advantage of opportunities

Standoff:

Battle of West

Across the West Philippine Sea, with the scorching sun brewing tension between two forces, the battle of warships are the building blocks of territory: who owns the West Philippine Sea? Stand-offs emerge between the two countries, with the marine life as well as both countries at stake. What do they want from the sea?

The war itself is not the answer, nor the determining factor of the winner. Davy Jones might want the West Philippine Sea for himself, with a lot of natural resources totaling 324,312 metric tons of marine products. Controversy between the two nations continue to rise, with the West Philippine Sea as the trophy. As time passes by, the thirst for winning the sea gets stronger.

Dregs of greed befall the nations wanting to own the West Philippine Sea all by themselves. Here are the reasons why: firstly, it is abundant in natural resources. The West Philippine Sea has innumerable sources, account-

Currently, American Foreign policy dictates how the world is run. The US decides who can be allies and who are the adversaries — the enemy of the free world. Historically, the country has maintained isolationist policies until it entered the Second World War. Today, it maintains a strong foreign policy operating military bases overseas; looking at where parties stand, the GOP continues to be a front for the isolationist movement, defining “America First” in a hardline way, a danger for countries in need of help now while sending China and Russia the wrong signals. Even before the Israel-Hamas conflict, Republicans have started to back down on Ukraine funding. For Taiwan, the future is unclear — Republicans has ever since explicitly supported policies countering China, while lacking the support

ing for about seven percent of the total fisheries production, according to Marine Insight. Secondly, coral reefs cover at least 464,000 hectares as per Biodiversity Management Bureau of the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR). Thirdly, it is rich in oil and natural gas reserves. According to the U.S Geological Survey, it has around 11 billion barrels of oil and natural gases. Lastly, it has stunning coastlines and beaches. With its numerous regions, it attracts lots of tourists. It is a must-visit place for most of us.

The West Philippine Sea is extremely essential that two nations are willing to risk their economies. Both aim to reap the benefits, with the risk of marine life and both nations and their people. Nowadays, territorial controversy is more salient than the lives of people. The Philippines and China are guarding the sea to bolster their presence, with people praying that there will be no war.

The West Philippine Sea, the holy grail of no one, is to be claimed by a country, but at what cost? The coast and sea itself are not preordained, and winning it will be equivalent to death. Throughout all the heedless decisions, equations arise. Is winning the West Philippine Sea heavenly, or is it heaven disguised as hell?

for Taiwan financially. The pro-Washington DPP winning the Presidency is not enough: American aid is still needed. The actions of the PRC in the West Philippine Sea have also caught the attention of both the Democrats and Republicans, showing their support to the Philippine government and joining new exercises with allies such as Japan, and Australia. The Philippines allowing the US to use new facilities in different parts of the country is also a gain for the free world. Aside from those mentioned, Thailand and Singapore might open a new problem: China expands its influence through infrastructure and Thailand is listening. China is offering billions of dollars to for a proposed canal across the Kra Isthmus. If this takes place, the Malacca Strait will only be a second option as the proposed “Kra Isthmus Canal” will connect the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, shortening the shipment of oil to Japan and China by 1,200 kilometers, endangering the importance of Singapore as a transport hub and triggering disputes between the two Southeast Asian countries. How the Middle East is handled and how it works will also be answered in this year’s election: will the US take a harder stance with Iran, the Houthis and other Russia-friendly Arab states, or will the US continue the little changes in Saudi-US relations. The Israel dilem-

Shroud

SILENCE.

Isit in silence, waiting for the phone to ring. Lost in thought, contemplating how tomorrow will unfold, much like any other day. Seated on the bed, I find solace in the embrace of the blanket that has been my companion for months aboard this ship. I’m certain… I’ll remain alone in this cramped room for a while yet.

In the depths of my contemplation, the piercing sound of the phone shatters the silence. With a swift motion, I reached for the receiver, heart afluttering with anticipation.

“Merry Christmas, Papa!” The jubilant voices of my children ring through the line, infusing the air with a palpable sense of joy.

In their warm greetings, I find respite from the rigors of life at sea, as if the vast expanse of the ocean that separates us is bridged by their warm voices and heartfelt words.

ma is involved too: will the US listen to the calls for ceasefire, or will it continue supporting Israel? More issues exist, with the outcome relying on US position. The candidate themselves is their own party. Joe Biden is the Democratic Party and Donald Trump is the Republican Party. Where they stand on global and local issues is a key player in decision making. A win for the GOP means the possible jeopardy of relations with different countries, as what we have seen during the Trump presidency and a complete change in course of policies. A Democratic win means a continued state of the economy, border security and climate policies. Whoever wins. The Philippines will always stay with the good ole’ Uncle Sam no matter what, or which administration is in charge. We recognize a common enemy, and we are determined to fight side-by-side, benefiting our state and doing our part in this world: guarding freedom, liberty, and justice, making it our commitment since the EDSA People Power Revolution of 1986. Now, it’s time for Americans to answer: four more years, or is it time for change?

“Merry Christmas., Hon’! Miss ka na namin ng mga anak mo. Kumusta ka diyan?” a twinge of longing tugged at my heartstrings.

Memories of the past holidays flood my mind, each one a cherished tableau of love and laughter. Their absence on an auspicious occasion leaves an undeniable void.

As our conversation comes to an end, duty calls, beckoning me back to the demands of life at sea. With a sense of heaviness in my heart, I bid my family farewell, holding onto the promise of future reunions.

I rise from my bed, preparing myself for the day ahead. The gentle glow of dawn seeps through the porthole, casting a comforting light within the cabin. With a steadying breath, I stepped out, greeted by the festive spirits of my fellow crew members.

In the hope of next Christmas, they’ll be with me.

Tracy Justine P. Alcaraz

Alyssa Marie Alcantara

of Longing

Glimpses of Light,

The era of increased solar activity, commonly referred to as solar maximum, has commenced, signifying the rapid release of energy and other materials from the sun towards Earth. Among these are solar flares and sunspots, highlighted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) alongside the Solar Dynamics Observatory, which captured widespread media imagery depicting the sun appearing ablaze at 4:55 p.m. EST on December 31, 2023. Consequently, NASA anticipates a rise in the frequency of solar flares in the coming years. Furthermore, this may pose several challenges to Earth’s natural environment throughout the duration of 2025.

According to a NASA statement, Solar Cycle 25, better known as the calendar and comprehensive analysis of solar sunspot activity, has significantly surpassed its recorded predictions. It encompasses recent months where the sun has reached its peak in its natural 11-year cycle. During this period, the sun transitions from a relatively calm state to a tumultuous and active blaze, with sunspots emerging across its surface and often erupting.

Meanwhile, on January 22, around 10:30 p.m. ET, the simultaneous occurrence of two strong solar flare explosions, known as Sympathetic Solar Flares, was observed from different active regions

of the sun. These were sunspots named AR3559 and AR3561 located in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively. At that time, their distance was estimated at around 310,000 miles, farther than the usual distance of the moon from Earth’s surface. Moreover, the combined intensity of these explosions equated to a flare registering a magnitude of M5.1, the second most powerful type of flare emitted by the sun. Consequently, a significant surge of energy particles traversed the cosmos, resulting in a 30-minute blackout in radio communications above Indonesia and parts of Australia as it collided with the planet’s surrounding magnetic field

Based on a 2022 study titled “Sympathetic Solar Flare: Characteristics and Homogeneities,” paired flares are connected to each other or, in more intricate terms, their sunspots are closely associated through large but unseen magnetic field loops enveloping the sun. Thus, these flares may be considered two parts of a single eruption. Additionally, such solar flares have the capability to trigger rapid movement of magnetized plasma clouds towards space, termed Coronal Mass Ejections (CME). Consequently, there has been an observed increase in both the number and intensity of sunspots, as well as periodic and more potent solar flare eruptions.

On the other hand, the continued formation and eruption of solar flares stem

from the intricate interplay of magnetic fields in various parts of the sun, particularly its corona or outermost atmospheric layers. Through astrophysical and space weather studies, the primary factor behind solar flare eruptions lies in the magnetic fields’ attraction to solar plasma, where the phenomenon of magnetic reconnection occurs. This mechanism results in intense energy release, leading to potentially deadly bursts of heat and radiation.

As the days progress towards solar maximum, where solar flares become more frequent, accompanied by accompanying changes in geomagnetic storms, these phenomena may pose issues for GPS navigation systems, satellites, and even spacecraft. Recently, remnants of an old rocket were sighted in space after it rapidly descended to Earth due to a sudden change in its orbit caused by solar activity. Indeed, uncontrolled space debris poses an excessive danger to human and animal life on the planet.

NASA assures humanity of its continuous vigilance, announcing their relentless monitoring alongside other organizations of the sun and its activities, and issuing constant warnings regarding impending solar eruptions on Earth. Additionally, during times of solar flare activity, it is critical to adhere to implemented protocols to ensure everyone’s safety. Firstly, immediate shutdown of all electronic

devices and equipment is necessary to prevent damage from the high levels of energy emitted by solar flares. Secondly, finding safe locations with adequate protection against radiation, as well as regular use of sunscreens or sunblocks, sunglasses, and umbrellas, are crucial. Likewise, having an emergency kit at home containing essential supplies such as food, water, and medication is imperative.

At present, the planet faces the complex reality of intense and luminous solar activity that illuminates the entire archipelago. The ongoing increase in solar activity entails general changes in its behavior. Thus,

active citizen participation in self-protection is advocated to reduce and avoid potential associated risks.

With the continuous emergence of news from NASA and other relevant agencies, their aim is to provide timely warnings and detailed knowledge to the public. In this way, it becomes a tool for fostering prompt responses to events and expressing potential effects on society. Adherence to established guidelines and ongoing adjustments based on information from these organizations will promote comprehensive community understanding and meticulous management of challenges related to nature and safety.

Shandi Nicole Deveraturda

SCIENCE//AGHAM

El Niño

remains under watch for prolonged impact

Felicity Angelei Lucas

In March 2023, the PAGASA Enso Alert and Warning System was elevated to El Niño Watch status. Since then, the Philippines has been experiencing persistent intense heat due to the presence of El Niño. According to the latest advisory from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), this is expected to continue from January until Pedrero 2024. Climate models also indicate a high likelihood of its persistence from March to May 2024.

Over the past five months, many provinces in the Philippines have been experiencing a dry spell. A dry spell is an El Niño-induced phenomenon that occurs when a region receives 60 percent less rainfall than usual for three consecutive months.

The entire country has been experiencing above-normal temperatures, except for Romblon and Coron, Palawan, where temperatures are cooler than usual. Some areas have been experiencing temperatures ranging from 34°C to 37°C.

The intense heat brought by El Niño has had negative effects on the livelihoods of many Filipinos, particularly in the agricultural sector. In fact, several areas in the country have been placed under a State of Calamity due to the damage caused by the dry spell, such as crop failures affecting food production.

In December 2023, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. ordered the establishment of the Task Force El Niño, led by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC). The El Niño national action plan prioritizes mitigating the impacts of El Niño on water, electricity, food, and health.

PAGASA continues to monitor the spread of this phenomenon. All government agencies are urged to take precautionary measures against El Niño.

Nature’s Blueprint Integrating

As we hustle around the concrete jungle, swerving through the towering trees of metal and glass, it raises the question, “What would the future look like?” Everyone has heard about fighting climate change with new policies and stopping fossil fuels, but what if we fought this issue with our buildings? As crazy as it sounds, we can use architecture to bring sustainability to modernity. Sustainable architecture brings out the most innovative technology and sciences to make our cities living and breathing parts of the planet. As we continue to integrate science and technology into our lives, it pushes us to innovate for

Science, Nature, and Architecture

more effective and ethical solutions to our problems.

Sustainable architecture is a design principle for designing buildings and cities without majorly impacting the environment

It is all about how we can build something that helps the environment more than it harms it. Think of a large plot of land with hundreds of trees and hills. Instead of chucking a tall skyscraper and levelling out the entire landscape, sustainable architecture may build trees into its building and build around the natural contours of the hills. As science con-

FINAL CHAPTER: NASA’s

Do you remember that one scene in Wall-E, where the robot himself was partially crushed and its parts are heavily broken? There will be no EVE nor someone who can bring back NASA’s helicopter on earth. A quadcopter, with one of its rotors broken and no longer capable of flying, makes it only a tri-copter that ends its mission on mars after three years. Farewell to our autonomous sauna that keeps the cold Martian nights warm.

On January 25, 2024, the officials confirmed that Ingenuity ended its mission on mars after nearly three years.

“While we knew this day was inevitable, it doesn’t make it any easier” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate’s Planetary Science Division. According to Nasa, it is said that the aircraft was forced to perform an emergency landing that destroyed its rotors. The circumstances of ingenuity are under the investigations of NASA and is said to remain upright.

Ingenuity paved the way to our future and enhanced our learning about the solar system. It cleared the cloudy vision of autonomous capability towards beyond and is said to be a milestone. A helicopter

tinues to evolve, so will our innovations and trends, which will affect how we build. The beauty of science is that it never sleeps. Every day, discoveries and innovations are made to make our lives and society better.

A big challenge for sustainable architecture is how we use energy. In the past, we used fossil fuels as a lifeline, but now we’re moving towards renewable and sustainable energy. Solar panels are becoming popular in many countries because they turn sunlight into electricity. Windmills on top of tall buildings and large rural wind farms catch the wind’s energy and

use it to turn generators for electricity. But innovation doesn’t stop there! Biopanels, for example, use algae in glass panels to take in carbon dioxide, make oxygen, and work as good insulation. There’s energy under our feet too! Some companies are looking into making sidewalks that generate electricity when people walk on them. These ideas are not widespread yet, but they show we can do a lot more to save energy and be smart about it in architecture. In the future, these innovative strategies will save companies huge amounts of money by capturing a free and almost unlimited energy source.

Source: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Helicopter bids farewell on Mars after three years

with rotors and four legs proved that the impossible can be possible. “Ingenuity has paved the way for future flight in our solar system, and it’s leading the way for smarter, safer human missions to Mars and beyond,” said Bill Nelson, 14th NASA administrator.

Ingenuity had a juggernaut endurance, because it was reliant on a solar powered heating system to protect itself against the cold Martian nights. The aerial robot also performed excellent initiates; which was to fly a few times within 30 days. It demonstrated 72 flights and flew nearly 14 times farther than the

planned operation, indeed exemplary. On its mission, Ingenuity reached its limits, and was not able to continue nor continue progress on what it had started. Every autonomous phenom has their upmost limits, as well as the slump of the machinery itself.

As the helicopter had its mission ended, as it performed at its extremes, its end was nigh. Only a handful mourn as the clucky chopper bids farewell, but its service will never be forgotten.

Tracy Justine Alcaraz

Jan Louis Que

Beyond Humanity’s Cradle

“

The Earth is the cradle of humanity, but mankind cannot stay in the cradle forever.

Humanity was made to explore the farflung stars and galaxies that lie beyond what we can see. To peer through the cloudy skies into the dots of light has always been a fascination of humanity. The James Webb Space Telescope or JWST for short, is humanity’s 10 Billion dollar eye into the universe. As The telescope looks for the stars and sends back stunning images of the universe, we can only wonder just what is out there lying in wait for us to see and to learn. This single telescope is surely revolutionizing our way of understanding the universe in ways we have never imagined.

Developed by Northrop Grumman and Ball Aerospace, and launched in December 25, 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope is an orbiting telescope that uses the power of infrared light to look into the universe’s past. With a longer wavelength than its predecessor, the Hubble Space

Telescope, we can see billions of lightyears into our universe and through the thick cloudy nebulae that cradle unborn stars and planets. In combination with an intricate set of mirrors, infrared light can be collected and focused to form the very first batch of pictures. After 30 long years, billions of dollars, and thousands of people collaborating, the telescope finally came to fruition ready to take on its 10-year-long mission a million miles away from Earth.

Source: dima_zel via Getty Images

Although it has been proclaimed as a revolutionary piece of technology for humanity, it is not without its fair share of controversies. One of which is its outlandish cost of 10 billion dollars. Budgeted at just 1.6 billion at first, it has since ballooned in

Passion's Odyssey

sailing with Science and Mathematics

Jan Louis Que

“Science is not only a disciple of reason but, also, one of romance and passion.” Stephen Hawking

Humanity’s pursuit of knowledge and power has fueled our minds and hearts in search of the secrets to the universe. Our passion and curiosity for the unknown sparked a flame for knowledge. With the burning embers of reasoning, out came the love for science, and mathematics. With these new ideas, the early pioneers burned their hands and their hearts carrying this flame into the darkness of the universe. What would they find? It’s been thousands of years, and we have barely stepped into the mystery of science and mathematics. What is this mysterious force that compels us to go beyond that horizon?

What may seem like sorcery and witchcraft is merely the works of the pioneers’ minds in the field of science and maths. Tasks that were once thought impossible were now within reach. No wonder, we have continued to grasp onto its potential

for so long.

For centuries, we dreamed of touching the sky. Through countless hours of work and calculations, that dream came to fruition in 1903 with the Wright brothers’ first flight. At that moment, we realized science and maths were more than subjects we learn at school; they were wings to car

costs, sparking controversies and issues both by the masses and the scientific community. Many argue the money could be better spent on other projects and problems here on Earth. Being a multi-billion dollar project undertaken by government agencies, people argue it is an example of “Big science” where only a select few control the flow and future of astronomy and science. For 30 years, this project has been shrouded in problems and controversies so why did we continue with this? Is it a waste of

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

time and resources?

Regardless of cost overruns, and its other many issues, the JWST is still one of the biggest advancements in the science community and will surely make big contributions and change the way we see the universe. In its first six months alone, the telescope has captured planets, galaxies, and other objects in amazing detail and clarity.

One of its main goals is to study planets outside our solar system called exoplanets. By looking into their aWWWtmospheres and finding their chemical compositions, it opens the possibility of finding habitable plants that may just harbour life

Nature’s

With its longer wavelength, the JWST can look into the farthest galaxies in the universe, teaching us how galaxies and stars form. We can also find how these objects interact with the universe and how they change each other, ultimately affecting how our universe develops. These impossible massive objects, once only drawn with our imagination are now captured in impressive detail.

From studying the smallest living cells in 1665 with simple microscopes to studying the largest objects in existence in less than 400 years, science has grown exponentially. While we are only three years into the project, its pictures and discoveries continue to amaze and confuse the scientific community and even backyard astronomers like us. As the universe continues to evolve and live on, the JWST will be there to capture every moment of it.

Blueprint

Integrating Science, Nature, and Architecture

New materials and technologies are being developed all the time, and many of these have the potential to be used in sustainable construction. This includes materials such as bamboo, which grows fast and is strong. This is a good opportunity to use its natural strength for scaffolding, structural flexibility, and unique design methods. Aside from natural materials, there is a new kid on the block. In the past decade, 3D printing has taken the world by storm.

while saving as much as 60 per cent in construction waste. As the population grows, we need more efficient ways of building and designing our cities.

Biophilic design is an approach to architecture that incorporates elements of nature into the built environment. There is an increasing trend towards the integration of green roofs, vertical gardens, and other features that integrate nature into our buildings and designs. Studies have shown that adding elements of nature to a built environment has been proven to reduce stress, improve air quality, promote mental and physical health, inspire creativity, and increase productivity. Using local plants and trees, we can regrow our local ecosystems one building at a time. This makes living in a large building more manageable and exciting. Instead of having large metropolises

of grey concrete and smog, we can bring back life and colour to our communities by implementing this design principle.

These are just some ways we can use science and technology to blend our cities with nature. With new trends and innovations controlling the market, modern architecture is starting to shift towards sustainability. By combining renewable energy, cost-effective construction, and nature-centred designs, we are slowly moving towards a society where cities and nature don’t clash. Nature and humanity aren’t going away; we just have to work with them. By pushing towards sustainable architecture, we can combat the environmental, economic, and geographic issues of architecture and construction. Industrial and current architecture just won’t cut it. This is just the tip of the iceberg.

Jan Louis Que

Winona Orteza, a Grade 12 student from St. Joseph College, excelled in table tennis girls, ranking among the top 64 out of 111.

In a triumphant start to the year, Mayor Rolen Pau lino Jr. and Olongapo City's sports and youth devel opment, led by David Bayarong, shower accolades upon the sports team for their resounding success in a national competition, surpassing nearly 300 LGUs across the Philippines.

“Salamat po sa pagod, puyat, at sakripisyo ng ating mga apo kasama ang kanilang coach, trainers, at magulang. We are all proud of you! God bless

Apo ni Apo secures 9th Place in Batang Pinoy 2023

Opiaza leads Division 2

Crowned as Miss Sportsfest and the undeniable champion of the Division 2 competition was the remarkable Richelle Juliane Opiaza of the Gray Cavalries. Her dazzling smile, her awe-striking stature, and her unmatched grace and sportsmanship secured her the title of champion. Richelle's journey to the top was marked by stellar performances in her introduction, intermission number, and Q&A portion, demonstrating not only her statuesque beauty but also her commitment to her goal to inspire and uplift others to unleash their inner strength.

Courtney Denisce Deleon of the Gray Cavalries, with her remarkable appeal and talents, secured the title of Miss Intramurals and earned the first runner-up position in Miss Sports 2023. As Miss Intramurals, Deleon showcased her willingness to achieve her goal of empowering everyone to make the best decisions for their lives.

Lienjhel Mae Lundang, crowned as Miss Field Day and second runner-up in Miss Sports 2023, left an indelible mark with her athletic finesse and magnetic stage presence. As Miss Field Day, Red Sabers’ Lundang exhibited exceptional skill and prowess in exhibiting her alluring radiance, earning her the admiration of both the judges and the audience.

GRAY CAVALRIES

take home the trophy at Palarong San Jose 2023

After four intense days of epic clashes, the indomitable Grade 11 Grey Cavalries showcased fearless prowess, securing the victory with a staggering 13 1st places in the Palarong San Jose 2023 Division 2 against the formidable Grade 10 Red Sabers and the seasoned Grade 12 Pink Swordsman that lasted from November 28 to December 1, 2023.

With a symphony of teamwork, unyielding bravery, and lightning agility, the Grey Cavalries soared to vic tory, claiming the coveted title with 450 overall points, while the Red Sabers secured the second spot with 410 points. Despite landing in last place with 381 points, the Pink Swordsmen exhibited daring skills and prowess that left an indelible mark on competition.

In the realm of Basketball and Volleyball, the Pink Swordsmen boys dominated the scoreboard, while the Grey Cavalries girls excelled, ex tending their triumph to Badminton Doubles, Table Tennis Doubles for boys, and Table Tennis Singles for both boys and girls categories. The Pink Swordsmen seized suprema cy in the board games category, amassing 127 points through vic tories in girls and boys Dama and Scrabble, while the Grey Caval

ries clinched three awards in the strategic game of Chess.

“Hindi naman na ako nag-expect ng too much kasi ang gusto ko lang ma-instill sa mga batang manlalaro ng San Jose ay ang matuto silang makisama. Manalo o matalo, gusto kong baon-baon nila ang kagandahang asal na meron sila,“ said Mrs. Jaira Dahunan, the team manager of the Grey Cavalries and reigning leader of the victorious Grey Falcons in the previous Sportsfest. On the first day

seized the gold medal in Culliot for boys and KadangKadang for girls, overpowering the Sabers who claimed the champion’s title in Kadang-Kadang for boys and Culliot for girls with 40-37 points.

“As for grabbing the crown to the Grade 11 next year, the team will establish and recruit as early as possible so that we won’t be making the same mistakes this year; but as the team manager, I always tell the team captains to just

Lance P. Evalle

SPORTS SJC IGNITES INSTITUTIONAL PALARONG SAN JOSE 2023-2024

Can you still recall the feeling of buzz on campus about an epic showdown where students across different grade levels yelled chants as loud as they could to support their favorites from different competitions? With an unavoidable spirit of oneness and pride that cut across students, the school was electric.

The highlights of Sportsfest 2023 are a must to remember. Let’s take a stroll down

memory lane and relive the experiences of this momentous event.

The magnificent glory of Sportsfest 2023 came to light in an elegant fashion as the event commenced with an invocation spoken by Mrs. Jasmin Belleza. The Philippine National Anthem was then led by Ms. Maria Ave Famularcano. The participants and spectators were greeted warmly by Mrs. Teresa Y. Sabado, the principal of SJC-JHS and SJC-SHS, who set the tone for an exciting day of a friendly competition. Rev. Fr. Raymann Catindig, the College President, touched every player and student by giving a special, inspiring speech which en-

Opiaza leads Division 2 Miss Sportsfest

As the echoes of the competing teams’ chants and yells lingered in the air, embracing everyone in a shared sense of anticipation, the spotlight pivoted to a fundamental facet of Sportsfest 2023 — the much-anticipated Miss Sportsfest competition. With the finalists from the Division 2 showcasing their talents, skills, and personalities from the eliminations up until the finals, the Miss Sports compe- tition seemed to be anybody’s game to win.

livened the whole proceeding with a spiritual factor.

The much-awaited moment arrived when Dr. Rodel S. Cerezo, the Sports Director, officially declared the opening of Sportsfest 2023, setting the stage for a thrilling series of events that would unfold for days to come! The crowd erupted in cheers as the fun events for this year’s Sportsfest would formally kick off.

After basking in the warmth of Sportsfest 2023, a smooth transition led us into the heart of the excitement — the competitive teams of Division 2! With unique identities and a dash of red, the Red Sabers, represented by the Grade 10 students under the direc-

tion of Mr. Ace Custodio, definitely made an impression with their thunderous yell. Closely behind were the Grade 11 students, known as the Grey Cavalries, led by Ms. Jaira Dahunan, who demonstrated their skill with rhythmic chants. Not to be outdone, the Grade 12 students, dubbed the Pink Swordsmen, took under the direction of Mr. Aran Jake Barrameda. The air was heavy with expectation as the teams entered the spotlight and let out their cheers, and the school grounds resonated with the energy of students uniting behind their banners.

Lance P. Evalle

Apo ni Apo

secures 9th Place in Batang Pinoy 2023

Ascending to greatness, Olongapo City athletes secured a remarkable 9th place, their highest rank yet, by winning a staggering total of 44 medals at the annual Batang Pinoy held across various venues in the National Capital Region from December 17 – 22, 2023.

Olongapo City emerges as an un stoppable force in the recent Batang Pinoy Games, capturing an impressive tally of 21 gold, 13 silver, and 10 bronze medals across fiercely contested are nas such as gymnastics, muay thai, dance sport, kickboxing, taekwondo, and futsal.

Samantha M. Balagao

Lance P. Evalle