Ping fitting manual 2017 by Ping Europe Ltd

FITTING MANUAL

A COMPLETE GUIDE FROM THE LEADER IN CUSTOM CLUB-FITTING

TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW

A FITTING LEGACY

MANUALâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S PURPOSE AND LAYOUT

PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION

IRONS 5 DRIVERS 21 FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

WEDGES 41 PUTTERS 50 GRIPS 62 POST-FITTING PROCESS

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE

LIE ANGLE

NEW COLOR CODE CONVERSION

CUSTOM SHAFT FITTING

EFFECTS OF CHANGING SHAFT LENGTH

LOFT'S EFFECT ON LAUNCH ANGLE, SPIN

UNDERSTANDING SWINGWEIGHT

FITTING TO LESSEN SLICE WITH DRIVER

MODIFYING LOFT IN IRONS, WEDGES

CUSHIN INSERT

WEDGE ANGLE OF ATTACK AND BOUNCE

USING A LIE BOARD TO APPROXIMATE ANGLE OF ATTACK

CUSTOM WEDGE-GRIND OPTIONS

PUTTER HANG ANGLE

A FITTING LEGACY

PREFACE

PIONEER. INNOVATOR. LEADER. Our custom-fitting roots date back to the 1960’s. It was then that PING Founder Karsten Solheim pioneered the concept by helping PGA Tour professionals improve by calibrating their equipment to fit their size and swing tendencies. Using the player’s favorite club as a starting point, Karsten fine-tuned the loft and lie of every iron to give each professional a perfectly matched set of irons. On several occasions, the professional went on to win the following week’s tournament, confirming Karsten’s belief that properly fit clubs were critical to a golfer’s performance. At that same time, Karsten realized the vast majority of golfers were using equipment that was purchased “off the rack” without any consideration given to their individual size or swing tendencies. Sensing an opportunity to differentiate his fledgling brand while helping golfers lower their scores, Karsten began work on his famous PING Color Code system. The system debuted in the early 1970s, offering golfers a simple, effective way to match a set of clubs to each individual through custom fitting. Today, custom fitting remains a central focus of everything we do. Our engineering, manufacturing and assembly processes are developed to ensure innovative, high-quality, customfit product. All PING clubs that leave our factory are precisely calibrated to ensure performance.

A Fitting Legacy

■

Preface

Karsten Solheim. Founder of PING.

Through the years, the PING customfitting process has evolved, but the benefits remain the same – to lower scores and help golfers play their best. Awareness of the benefits of custom fitting continues to grow. Industry research reveals more and more golfers are being fit or plan on being fit. PING’s reputation as the expert and leader is growing as well, positioning PING and our custom-fitting specialists to develop loyal, satisfied customers.

RESEARCH REVEALS MORE AND MORE GOLFERS ARE BEING FIT OR PLAN ON BEING FIT The procedures outlined in this guide represent a systematic approach to custom fitting. This approach, combined with the PING fitting tools, allow club fitters to guide players toward achieving their desired ball flight. We hope you find the guide informative and beneficial in growing both your fitting business and customers’ satisfaction.

OVERVIEW

MANUAL’S PURPOSE AND LAYOUT

AS PING CONTINUES to conduct research and design new clubs, our fitting systems have evolved and diversified, leading to improved performance from tee to green. The primary purpose of this manual is to present the current best club-fitting practices and philosophies, utilizing PING’s industry-leading knowledge and process. PING’s comprehensive fitting tools are also outlined, describing their applications and how they help make the PING fitting process the most accurate in golf.

Each main club-fitting section of the manual is divided into two parts: Level 1 and Level 2. Level 1 is designed as an entry-level fit where time may be limited, or it can serve as the building block of a more-detailed fit. In some instances, Level 1 offers procedures tailored to different fitting environments (i.e. with or without ball flight). Level 2 provides additional details and either refines or confirms Level 1 results. Throughout the fitting manual are charts, graphs, and tables to help fitters understand specific concepts and explain them to the customer to achieve the best results. The Further Knowledge section offers additional in-depth explanations and statistics that expand upon principles introduced in Level 1 and Level 2. For example, lie angle is introduced in iron fitting, but the importance and benefits of fitting for lie angle are spelled out in greater detail in Further Knowledge. 4

Overview

■

Manual's Purpose and Layout

PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION Fitters will find numerous mentions of the PING Process of Elimination. During the fitting process, this means continually narrowing choices until the two best-performing options have been established. The fitter then alternates between the final two, discussing performance relative to the player’s preferences and needs until the player can choose one. The fitter then proceeds to the next fitting step.

IRONS

LEVEL 1

There are more than 10 million possible combinations available with PING irons. The PING fitting mix, coupled with the following process, allows the player and fitter to identify an optimal model, color code (lie angle), length, shaft, and grip.

STEP

INTERVIEW

The first step in the fitting process involves a dialogue to obtain important information regarding the player. This can take place while the player is warming up. Questions should include, but are not limited to: Do you play golf right-handed or left-handed?

What are you currently playing and what are your likes/dislikes with the model, shaft (steel or graphite), and length?

What is your current and desired ball flight (both trajectory and direction)? What is the longest iron you feel comfortable playing?

What is your current handicap and/or scoring range?

Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

How far do you hit your 7-iron?

Do you have any physical limitations?

■

Step 1

■

Interview

Use these questions as a starting point to understand the player's needs, goals and current equipment. Continue this discussion throughout the fitting, soliciting feedback on performance, ball flight, feel and aesthetics.

STATIC IRON FITTING STEP

LEVEL 1

STATIC MEASUREMENTS

A. DETERMINE INITIAL MODEL PING offers a variety of irons, ranging from compact players’ irons to oversized models. During the interview, the fitter will gain insight regarding the model best-suited for that player, as well as his or her priorities for

performance, feel, and appearance. Discuss the characteristics and benefits of each model with the player. Utilize Figure 1: Iron Model Chart to provide general model recommendations based on these characteristics.

FIGURE 1: IRON MODEL CHART

CHARACTERISTIC

COMPACT IRON

MID-SIZED IRON

OVER-SIZED IRON

FORGIVENESS

Forgiving

More Forgiving

Most Forgiving

WORKABILITY

Most Workable

Workable

Subtle Workability

OFFSET

Least Offset

Moderate Offset

Most Offset

SOLE

Slim

Moderate

Wide

TRAJECTORY

Flighted

Mid Launch

High Launch

Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

STATIC IRON FITTING B. DETERMINE INITIAL COLOR CODE AND LENGTH FROM STATIC MEASUREMENTS AND COLOR CODE CHART Lie angle is the measurement of the angle between the sole of the club and the centerline of the shaft.

FIGURE 2: LIE ANGLE EFFECT

LIE ANGLE Establishing the most effective color code (lie angle) is a very important part of the fitting process as it influences shot direction as depicted in Figures 2 and 3: Lie Angle Effect. PING irons can be custom built to different color codes to fit players of varying sizes, swing tendencies and ball-flight preferences. There are 10 color codes ranging from 5° upright to 4° flat, as denoted by a colored dot on the iron head. Each color code represents a 1° increment in lie angle. An initial recommendation for iron color code and length can be established through the player’s height and wrist-to-floor measurements, and use of the PING Color Code Chart.

FIGURE 3: LIE ANGLE EFFECT

Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

LEVEL 1

STATIC IRON FITTING FIGURE 4: HEIGHT AND WRIST MEASUREMENT

LEVEL 1

USING THE PING COLOR CODE CHART

1. Establish the player’s height by asking

the player or utilizing a measuring tape. See Figure 4: Height and Wrist Measurement.

2. Establish the wrist-to-floor

HEIGHT: 58 WRIST MEASURE: 35

measurement by having the player stand straight with his or her arms hanging freely, feet shoulder-width apart, and looking straight at the horizon. (Posture is critical in establishing an accurate measurement.) Measure from ground level to the player’s wrist crease on his or her glove hand with a tape measure. Utilize Figure 4: Height and Wrist Measurement.

WRIST: 35

Wrist To Floor (cm)

Wrist To Floor (in)

3. Refer to the PING Color Code Chart to determine the initial shaft length and color code recommendation. Locate the player’s height column across the top of the chart and the wrist-to-floor measurement on the left of the chart. FIGURE 5: ESTABLISHING INITIAL COLOR CODE Using the height and wrist-to-floor measurements, locate the point where the two measurements intersect. If the HEIGHT: 5 8 intersection point falls inside the highlighted 5'0" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" Height 5'11" 6'0" 6'1" 6'2" 6'3" 6'4" 6'5" 6'6" 6'7" diagonal -1 ⅟2" -1" -⅟2" Standard Length +⅟2" +1" +1 ⅟2"band, this point provides the best 40" initial recommendation for the player. Plot the player’s height and wrist-to-floor measurement 100cm M a ro o n and use the intersection 39" point to determine the 5° U pr ig ht To establish the initial club-length static shaft length and color code recommendation, locate the length recommendation. 38" r e S ilv recommendation of the column that 4° U pr ig ht cm the player’s95 intersection point sits in. 37" W h it e The colored band of that intersection 3° U pr ig ht point indicates the static color code 36" n e re G recommendation. 2° U pr ig ht

B lu e

35"

1° U pr ig ht

34"

B la c k Re d

33"

1° Fl at

■ Level 1 Iron Fitting32"

■

Step 2

■

90cm

The initial length and color code recommendation for the player in Figure 5 who is 5'8" with a 35" wrist85cmbe blue color code at to-floor would standard length.

Static Measurements O ra n g e 2° Fl at

If the

80cm

STATIC IRON FITTING SUGGESTED LENGTH CHANGES TO -1/2"

4. The highlighted diagonal band running

5'0" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" Height 5'11" 6'0" 6'1" 6'2" across 6'3" 6'4" the 6'5" chart 6'6" 6'7"represents

-1 ⅟2"

-1"

-⅟2"

Standard Length

40" 39" 38"

Plot the player’s height and wrist-to-floor measurement and use the intersection point to determine the static shaft length and color code recommendation.

M a ro o n

5 ° U p ri g h t

S ilv e r

4 ° U p ri g h t

W h it e

37"

3 ° U p ri g h t

G re e n

36"

2 ° U p ri g h t

B lu e

35"

1 ° U p ri g h t

34"

B la c k Re d

33"

1° F la t

32.5" 32"

Orange

31"

B ro w n

2° F la t

3° F la t

30"

HIGHLIGHTED BAND

G o ld

4° F la t

29" -1 ⅟2"

-1"

151-155 156-160

USING THE PING COLOR CODE CHART (CONTINUED) Wrist To Floor (cm)

Wrist To Floor (in)

FIGURE 6: ESTABLISHING INITIAL LENGTH

LEVEL 1

Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

-⅟2"

Standard Length

161-168

Height 169-183cm

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

the optimal codes+1 for⅟2" a given length. If the player’s +⅟2"color +1" static measurements intersect outside of the highlighted band it is necessary to modify 100cm the recommendation for a better fit. If the player’s intersection point is left of the highlighted band, it indicates the player’s arms hang farther from 95cm the ground for his or her height, which could require a slightly longer shaft than suggested by height alone. Conversely, if the player’s intersection point is right of the highlighted band, 90cm it indicates the player’s arms hang closer to the ground than average for his or her height, possibly requiring a slightly shorter shaft. When arm length dictates, move the 85cm intersection point horizontally along the actual wrist-to-floor measurement axis until it meets the edge of the highlighted band. This new intersection point provides the best static length 80and cm color code If the recommendation for the player. player’s

intersection point falls outside of the highlighted diagonal band, slide the new intersection point horizontally until it meets the edge of the highlighted band. Use this point for the most accurate length and color code recommendation.

If the intersection point is on the border between color codes, select the color 75cm to achieve the code that is most likely desired results. For example, if the with his or her +⅟2"player’s +1"shot +1 pattern ⅟2" current clubs is an undesirable push, fade 184-191 192-196 197-201 or slice, select the more upright color ©PING 2017 code to potentially reduce or eliminate that shot tendency. The final static recommendation for the example player in Figure 6 who is 5'2" with a 32.5" wrist-to-floor would be black color code at -1/2".

LEVEL 1

Color Code Chart 5'0" 5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" Height 5'11" 6'0" 6'1" 6'2" 6'3" 6'4" 6'5" 6'6" 6'7"

-1 ⅟2"

-1"

-⅟2"

Standard Length

+⅟2"

+1"

Wrist To Floor (cm)

Wrist To Floor (in)

STATIC IRON FITTING

+1 ⅟2"

40" 39" 38"

Plot the player’s height and wrist-to-floor measurement and use the intersection point to determine the static shaft length and color code recommendation.

M a ro o n

100cm

5 ° U p r ig h t

S ilv e r

4 ° U p r ig h t

95cm

W h it e

37"

3 ° U p r ig h t

G re e n

36"

2 ° U p r ig h t

90cm

Blue

35"

1 ° U p r ig h t

34"

Black

85cm

Re d

33"

1 ° F la t

Orange

32"

2 ° F la t

31"

B ro w n

30"

Gold

3 ° F la t

4 ° F la t

29" -1 ⅟2"

-1"

151-155 156-160

If the player’s intersection point falls outside of the highlighted diagonal band, slide the new intersection point horizontally until it meets the edge of the highlighted band. Use this point for the most accurate length and color code recommendation.

-⅟2"

Standard Length

+⅟2"

161-168

Height 169-183cm

184-191

+1"

+1 ⅟2"

192-196 197-201 ©PING 2017

10 Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

80cm

75cm

STATIC IRON FITTING C. DETERMINE INITIAL SHAFT During the interview, the fitter will gain insight regarding the shaft best-suited for that player, as well as his or her priorities for performance and feel. Figure 7: Iron-Shaft Visualization Chart below provides an initial shaft recommendation. {For more information on shafts and their effect on performance and feel, refer to CUSTOM SHAFT FITTING ON PAGE 68}.

FIGURE 7: IRON-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART > 170 yds

160 yds

140 yds

125 yds

< 110 yds

7-IRON CLUB HEAD SPEED:

> 90 mph

80 mph

70 mph

65 mph

< 60 mph

HIGHER

7-IRON DISTANCE:

TRAJECTORY

G G G

LOWER

S FLEX

STIFFER

X-FLEX

S-FLEX

R-FLEX S=STEEL

SR-FLEX

SOFTER

L-FLEX

CUSTOM SHAFTS

G=GRAPHITE

D. DETERMINE INITIAL GRIP FROM MEASUREMENTS/CHART SEE STATIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 62

11 Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

LEVEL 1

DYNAMIC IRON FITTING STEP

DYNAMIC SWING TEST

The dynamic swing test, which utilizes a lie board, can be conducted indoors or outdoors, and should help provide the fitter with the player’s swing tendencies. The dynamic swing test also helps

establish how the behavior of the club may affect the position of the club head at impact. {For more information on lie angle and its effect on performance, refer to LIE ANGLE ON PAGE 65}.

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH Based on initial swings and player feedback, modify the length recommendation if necessary for a more consistent/center impact or improved posture. If the player was on the edge of a shaft-length recommendation and is inconsistent with the initial length recommendation,

B. USING THE LIE BOARD

consider trying the adjacent length recommendation on that boundary. In some cases the intermediate ¼" increment is the best length option. To establish, ask the player to grip down ¼" on the longer of the two shaft lengths to evaluate a ¼" shaft-length increment.

FIGURE 8: APPLYING LIE TAPE

During an outdoor session, the fitter should select a target no farther than 100 yards away as this promotes better alignment and reduces the tendency to swing too hard or fast. Prior to the dynamic swing test, have the player hit shots using the iron recommendation built from the static-fitting results. Apply lie tape, ensuring the thick black lines align with either end of the grooves on the club. Utilize Figure 8: Applying Lie Tape for guidance.

12 Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Dynamic Swing Test

ALIGN DARK STRIPES WITH END OF GROOVES

LEVEL 1

DYNAMIC IRON FITTING For safety, place the ball forward of center on the lie board. Utilize Figure 9: Lie Board Setup for guidance. Have the player hit shots from the board. Some players might be hesitant hitting balls off the hard surface of the lie board and alter their swing. Encourage the player to swing normally, and demonstrate if necessary. After two or three swings evaluate and compare the impact-tape marks.

LEVEL 1

FIGURE 9: LIE BOARD SETUP SAFE BALL POSITION IS TOWARD FRONT OF BOARD

HITTING DIRECTION

C. IMPACT-TAPE ANALYSIS When evaluating impact-tape marks, the goal is to achieve a centered mark. As the color code is modified based on lie board results, do not deviate more than two color codes from the player’s

static recommendation. Failure to do so can result in an improper fit. This is discussed further in the Lie Board Considerations section that follows.

FIGURE 10: IMPACT-TAPE ANALYSIS

Heel-Side Impact Mark: This indicates the club head has returned in a toe-up position. In this case, select the next-flattest color code, apply new tape, and repeat the test.

13 Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Centered Impact Mark: This indicates the club head has returned to a desirable position. Note the color code and proceed to the next stage of the fitting process.

Dynamic Swing Test

Toe-Side Impact Mark: This indicates the club head has returned in a toe-down position. In this case, select the next upright color code, apply new tape, and repeat the test.

DYNAMIC IRON FITTING

LEVEL 1

D. LIE BOARD CONSIDERATIONS Although a mark close to the center is desirable, ball flight always takes priority over the tape mark. When ball-flight analysis is possible, always cross-check the color code recommendation with the desired ball flight. In the cases where the fitter defaults to the static measurements, they do provide good statistical probability that the suggestions will fit most players.

PING RESEARCH HAS PROVED THAT 75% OF THE TIME A PLAYER WILL FIT TO A DYNAMIC COLOR CODE WITHIN ONE OF THE STATIC RECOMMENDATION, WHILE 95% WILL FIT WITHIN TWO.

14 Iron Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Over-the-Top Swings: Players who swing over the top or have a closed face at impact usually produce tape marks on the toe side, even with the most upright color codes. In these cases, the fitter should default to the player’s static color code. Variations in Setup/Posture: Some players might adjust their posture or setup based on how the club sits at address. If necessary, have the player hover the club over the board rather than ground it. Help the player understand that clubs will be built for his or her posture, size and swing tendencies, and it is counterproductive to adjust to the club. If a different color code does not produce noticeably better marks, or if the player cannot make consistent marks, PING recommends using the player’s static color code.

E. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT Based on initial swings and player feedback, modify the shaft recommendation if necessary. Utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to determine the optimal shaft that satisfies the player’s feel and desired ball flight.

Dynamic Swing Test

DYNAMIC IRON FITTING STEP

LEVEL 1

DETERMINE INITIAL SET MAKE-UP

Determining the longest iron a player should carry is an important part of an iron fitting to ensure consistent gapping throughout the set. Figure 11: PING Advanced Set Makeup/Gapping Chart

was developed to help guide this decision process. Based on a player’s 7-iron clubhead speed/ball speed and launch angle, locate the appropriate set make-up and longest iron for that player.

FIGURE 11: PING ADVANCED SET-MAKEUP/GAPPING CHART 7 IRON CLUB HEAD SPEED

7 IRON BALL SPEED

< 68 mph

< 91 mph

68 - 74 mph

91 - 99 mph

74 - 80 mph

99 - 107 mph

80 - 86 mph

107 - 115 mph

86 - 90 mph

115 - 121 mph

> 90 mph

15 Iron Fitting

> 121 mph

■

Step 4

■

HIGH LAUNCH Launch > 21.5˚

Launch > 21˚

7 IRON - PW 6 HYBRID 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER 6 IRON - PW 5 CROSSOVER 7 WOOD DRIVER

Launch > 20˚

5 IRON - PW 4 CROSSOVER 7 WOOD 5 WOOD DRIVER

Launch > 19˚

5 IRON - PW 4 CROSSOVER 3 HYBRID 5 - - WOOD DRIVER

Launch > 18˚

4 IRON - PW 3 CROSSOVER 5 WOOD 3 WOOD DRIVER

Launch > 16.5˚

MID LAUNCH

3 IRON - PW 2 HYBRID 3 WOOD DRIVER

Launch 20˚- 21.5˚

7 IRON - PW 6 HYBRID 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER

Launch 19.5˚- 21˚

7 IRON - PW 6 HYBRID 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER

Launch 18.5˚- 20˚

5 IRON - PW 4 HYBRID 7 WOOD DRIVER

Launch 17.5˚- 19˚

5 IRON - PW 4 HYBRID 7 WOOD 5 WOOD DRIVER

Launch 16.5˚- 18˚

4 IRON - PW 3 HYBRID 5 WOOD 3 WOOD DRIVER

4 IRON - PW 3 CROSSOVER Launch 5 WOOD 14.5˚- 16.5˚ 3 WOOD DRIVER

Determine Initial Set Make-Up

LOW LAUNCH Launch < 20˚

7 IRON - PW 6 HYBRID 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER

Launch < 19.5˚

7 IRON - PW 6 HYBRID 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER

Launch < 18.5˚

6 IRON - PW 5 HYBRID 7++ WOOD DRIVER

Launch < 17.5˚

6 IRON - PW 5 HYBRID 4 HYBRID 7 WOOD DRIVER

Launch < 16.5˚

5 IRON - PW 4 HYBRID 7 WOOD 5 WOOD DRIVER

Launch < 14.5˚

5 IRON - PW 4 HYBRID 3 HYBRID 5 - - WOOD DRIVER

IRONS

LEVEL 2

(BUILD ON LEVEL 1)

Detailed ball-flight analysis serves as the ultimate step in refining and confirming the final combination of model, color code (lie angle), club length, shaft type and flex, and grip size. This gives the player the best opportunity to achieve his or her desired results.

STEP

ANALYZE BALL FLIGHT

A. REFINE/CONFIRM MODEL FROM BALL FLIGHT Have the player hit shots with the recommended iron from Level 1 of the PING Fitting Process. Continue to solicit feedback on appearance, feel and performance. Consider dispersion and ball-flight patterns, discussing with the player which elements might need to change to optimize ball flight. The first element discussed with the player during ball-flight analysis is the model. When comparing models, consider the following: Launch Angle: If the initial launch angle is lower than desired, recommend a higherlaunching model. If the initial launch angle is higher than desired, suggest a lower-launching model.

16 Iron Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Analyze Ball Flight

Distance: For players seeking more distance, recommend a more forgiving model. The perimeter weighting and overall design of PING’s most forgiving irons provide maximum distance on both center and off-center hits. Control: Depending on the player’s ability, the fitter may recommend a more forgiving or more workable model to optimize control. Refer to Figure 12: Iron Model Chart to help guide the recommendation. Fitters should utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to narrow model choices until the two best-performing models are established. Next, alternate the final

17 Iron Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

FIGURE 12: IRON MODEL CHART

ABILITY

RECOMMENDATION

High Handicap

Recommend a more forgiving model to enhance control

Mid Handicap

Fitter’s discretion whether to recommend a more forgiving or more workable model

Low Handicap

Recommend a more workable model

two models while discussing the general performance relative to the player’s preferences and needs until the player can choose the best-performing model.

Analyze Ball Flight

B. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH FROM BALL FLIGHT Assess the player’s confidence, comfort level, and consistency with the length established in Level 1. If the player is comfortable with the length, proceed to the next fitting step: REFINE/CONFIRM COLOR CODE FROM BALL FLIGHT ON PAGE 19. If the player is uncomfortable with the current length recommendation and/or seeks greater distance through a longer shaft, analyze the player’s face-impact pattern.

FIGURE 13: FACE-IMPACT ANALYSIS

Face-Impact Analysis: Using face tape, spray, or similar methods, ask the player to hit multiple shots using the current iron. If the initial impact positions are consistent and centered, but the player would prefer to try a longer shaft, repeat the process until the longest controllable length is established. Figure 13: Face-Impact Analysis illustrates inconsistent vs. consistent impact. Considerations: If the player cannot produce consistent results during ballflight analysis, default to the static length recommendation. The static measurements provide high probability that the suggested club length will fit most players, provided they have a reasonable stance and posture. In some cases, a player’s physical limitations or body shape may require a longer or shorter club length than suggested. If the player’s impact is consistent, but located toward the toe or heel of the club, consider altering ball position, hand placement, and/or setup.

18 Iron Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Analyze Ball Flight

INCONSISTENT IMPACT

CONSISTENT IMPACT

C. REFINE/CONFIRM COLOR CODE FROM BALL FLIGHT The third element to discuss during ball-flight analysis is the iron color code. Have the player continue to hit shots with the model selected in Step A. If the shot pattern is an undesirable push, fade, or slice, select the next upright color code. If the pattern is an undesirable pull, draw, or hook, select the next flattest color code. Fitters should utilize THE PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to narrow choices until the two best-performing

color codes are established. Next, alternate the final two color codes while discussing the general performance relative to the player’s preferences and needs until the player can choose the best-performing color code. Then proceed to the next step in ball-flight analysis. PING suggests not deviating more than three color codes from the player’s static recommendation as a result of ball-flight analysis since this may lead to adverse swing tendencies.

D. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT FROM BALL FLIGHT As the player continues to hit shots, assess the resulting trajectory and spin. Also solicit feedback on how the shaft feels (weight, flex), and the player’s desired shot pattern. If launching too high and spinning too much, recommend a stiffer, heavier shaft. If launching too low and

spinning too little, recommend a softer, lighter option. Refer to the IRON SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART ON PAGE 11 to help guide this process. {For more information on shafts and their effect on performance and feel, refer to CUSTOM SHAFT FITTING ON PAGE 68}.

E. REFINE/CONFIRM GRIP SEE DYNAMIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 63

STEP

REFINE/CONFIRM SET MAKE-UP

As a result of detailed ball-flight analysis, it may become apparent that the initial choice for the longest iron needs to be modified to optimize distance gapping. For example, a player who hits a 3-iron 190 yards and a 4-iron 19 Iron Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 2

■

187 yards should consider replacing the 3-iron with a hybrid or fairway wood to improve the gapping. Refer to PING ADVANCED SET-MAKEUP/GAPPING CHART ON PAGE 15 and/or the fairways & hybrids section for more information.

Refine/Confirm Set Make-Up

IRON-FITTING CHECKLIST LEVEL 1

1. INTERVIEW

Understanding of player’s current tendencies, needs, and preferences Understanding of player’s current equipment

2. STATIC MEASUREMENTS

Initial Model Initial Color Code Initial Length Initial Shaft Initial Grip

3. DYNAMIC SWING TEST

Refined/Confirmed Length Refined/Confirmed Color Code Refined/Confirmed Shaft

4. INITIAL SET MAKE-UP

Determine Appropriate Set

LEVEL 2

1. DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Length Refined/Confirmed Color Code Refined/Confirmed Shaft Refined/Confirmed Grip

2. FINAL SET MAKE-UP

Refined/Confirmed Set Make-Up

20 Iron-Fitting Checklist

DRIVERS

LEVEL 1

A properly fit driver can have a dramatic effect on distance, accuracy, consistency and confidence, maximizing the opportunity for optimal results. A PING driver fitting utilizes a proven systematic approach, starting with an interview process followed by static measurements and ball-flight analysis to determine the ideal driver loft, shaft flex, and grip.

STEP

INTERVIEW

The first step in the driver-fitting process involves a dialogue to obtain important information. This can take place while the player is warming up. Questions should include, but are not limited to: Do you play golf right-handed or left-handed?

What is the average distance with your driver?

What are you currently playing (model, shaft and loft)?

What is your current and desired ball flight (both trajectory and direction)?

What are your likes/dislikes with your current driver? What is your current handicap and/or scoring range?

21 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 1

■

Do you have any physical limitations?

Interview

Use these questions to better understand the player's expectations, needs, goals and current equipment. But be sure to continue this discussion throughout the fitting, soliciting feedback on performance, ball flight, feel and aesthetics.

DRIVERS STEP

STATIC MEASUREMENTS

A. DETERMINE INITIAL MODEL Discuss the general performance of different models based on the player’s preferences and needs. Driver models will have different launch and spin characteristics, which may result in optimal ball flight for a particular player.

22 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Determine an appropriate model based on the insights gained from the interview process and consider the player’s current driver specs and ability.

Static Measurements

LEVEL 1

DRIVERS

LEVEL 1

B. DETERMINE INITIAL LOFT Overview: Loft is the angle of the clubface relative to a vertical line perpendicular to the ground. Loft has considerable influence on the launch angle and spin rate of a golf ball, although other factors such as shaft type and model also influence launch conditions. PING drivers are offered with different lofts to fit players of varying swing speeds, swing tendencies and ball-flight preferences.

FIGURE 14: DRIVER LOFT ANGLE

LOFT ANGLE

Process: To help determine an initial loft recommendation, consider the player’s current driver loft and desired ball flight. If the player does not know his or her loft, select a mid-lofted driver, typically between 10 and 11 degrees. If the player is looking for a higher ball flight, recommend more loft than they are currently playing. Conversely, if the player is looking for a lower ball flight, recommend less loft than they are currently playing. Additionally, a player seeking greater directional control might benefit from increased loft, which will ultimately improve accuracy. Refer to Figure 15: Driver Loft Chart to help guide the recommendation.

FIGURE 15: DRIVER LOFT CHART

CURRENT LOFT < 9º

9º-11º or N/A

<11º

LOWER

< 9º

9º-11º

NEUTRAL

< 9º

9º-11º

>11º

9º-11º

>11º

DESIRED TRAJECTORY

HIGHER

NOTE: When a higher or lower loft is not available, consider using adjustability or try different shafts and models to achieve an optimal ball flight.

23 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

DRIVERS C. DETERMINE INITIAL SHAFT Overview: PING drivers can be custom fit with different shaft types and flexes to fit varying swing speeds, swing tendencies and ball-flight preferences. Shafts with different characteristics, such as flex and trajectory effect, can be used to fine-tune ball flight. Shaft flex is a measurement of how much a shaft bends under load. A shaft’s trajectory

effect considers how variables such as weight, torque, and tip stiffness affect launch conditions. Process: To determine an initial shaft recommendation, consider the player’s current shaft type and flex, swing speed, and desired ball flight. Utilize Figure 16: Driver-Shaft Visualization Chart to guide the process.

FIGURE 16: DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART > 280 yds

250 yds

215 yds

180 yds

< 155 yds

DRIVER CLUB HEAD SPEED:

> 105 mph

95 mph

85 mph

75 mph

< 65 mph

LOWER

TRAJECTORY

HIGHER

DRIVER DISTANCE:

FLEX

STIFFER

X-FLEX

S-FLEX

R-FLEX

SR-FLEX

SOFTER

L-FLEX

CUSTOM SHAFTS

D. DETERMINE INITIAL GRIP FROM MEASUREMENT/CHART SEE STATIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 62

24 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

LEVEL 1

DRIVERS STEP

MINOR BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

After an initial model, loft, and shaft have been determined, have the player hit two or three shots with the recommended driver. This initial sample, though small, will reveal any refinements necessary based on player feedback and the fitter’s analysis. The following sections outline recommendations for fitting environments where ball flight can be observed and where it is limited (e.g. into a net without a launch monitor). PING highly recommends analyzing full ball flight when possible to achieve the best fit and results.

higher launch angle than desired with insufficient spin. With PING drivers, we recommend an average tee height that places the equator of the ball even with the top edge of the driver face. See Figure 17: Driver Tee Height.

FIGURE 17: DRIVER TEE HEIGHT

Tee Height: Tee height is important to optimizing trajectory and distance with the driver. When teed too low, the ball typically launches lower with excessive spin. When teed too high, the ball may impact high on the face, leading to a

A. REFINE/CONFIRM MODEL The first element discussed with the player during ball-flight analysis is the model. When comparing models, take into account the following: Ball Flight Available: Evaluate the player’s results considering workability and forgiveness. If shot patterns are inconsistent, recommend a more forgiving model.

25 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Limited Ball Flight: Consider player feedback on the look and feel of the recommended model. If the player is uncomfortable, try other models until he or she is satisfied.

Minor Ball-Flight Analysis

LEVEL 1

DRIVERS

LEVEL 1

B. REFINE/CONFIRM LOFT Ball Flight Available: Based on initial ball flight and player feedback, modify the loft recommendation to optimize launch angle and spin rate. Refer to Figure 18: Trajectory Analysis Chart to guide the fitting, adding loft to increase launch angle or spin and reducing loft to decrease launch angle or spin.

Limited Ball Flight: Consider player feedback and initial launch. If the player or fitter is uncomfortable with the trajectory of the recommended loft, try other lofts until results are optimal. If the player launches the ball too low, recommend more loft. If the player launches the ball too high, recommend less loft.

FIGURE 18: TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS CHART

C. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT More-flexible shafts feel softer, produce higher trajectories, and in general can help players with slower swing speeds optimize trajectory. Stiffer shafts feel firmer, produce lower trajectories, and can help players with faster swing speeds hit shots on the desired trajectory.

26 Driver Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Ball Flight Available: Based on initial ball flight and player feedback, modify the shaft recommendation to further optimize launch angle, spin rate, and feel. Refer to the DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART ON PAGE 24 and Figure 18: Trajectory Analysis Chart to guide fitting for the proper shaft. Ball Flight Limited: Without observing full ball flight, the fitter will rely on player feedback to refine or confirm the shaft. If the player feels the shaft is too light or soft, recommend a heavier or stiffer shaft. Conversely, if it feels too heavy or stiff, suggest a lighter or softer shaft.

Minor Ball-Flight Analysis

DRIVERS

LEVEL 2

(BUILD ON LEVEL 1)

Analyzing ball flight in detail during a driver fitting serves to refine the final choice for model, loft, shaft, and grip and helps determine whether changes in length could provide optimal results.

STEP

DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

During ball-flight analysis, the goal is to arrive at the combination of model, loft and shaft that optimizes launch conditions (launch angle + spin rate). Figure 19: Launch Angle and Spin Rate Table should be referenced to help determine the ideal conditions for a player based on his or her swing speed.

FIGURE 19: LAUNCH ANGLE AND SPIN RATE TABLE

Without a launch monitor to assess launch angle and spin rate, refer to the Trajectory Analysis Chart and rely on visual observation. The goal of each step in refining the fitting elements is to get as close as possible to optimal launch conditions. Hitting the exact numbers may be restricted due to different swing tendencies.

27 Driver Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

SWING SPEED

BALL SPEED

OPTIMAL LAUNCH ANGLE

OPTIMAL SPIN RATE

75 to 80 mph

112 to 120 mph

14˚ to16˚

2750 to 3000 rpm

80 to 85 mph

120 to 127 mph

14˚ to15˚

2750 to 3000 rpm

85 to 90 mph

127 to 135 mph

14˚ to15˚

2500 to 2750 rpm

90 to 100 mph

135 to 150 mph

13˚ to14˚

2500 to 2750 rpm

100 to 110 mph

150 to 165 mph

12˚ to13˚

2500 to 2750 rpm

110 to 120 mph

165 to 180 mph

11˚ to12˚

2250 to 2500 rpm

120> mph

180> mph

10˚ to11˚

2250 to 2500 rpm

NOTE: Higher launch angles with lower spin rates than those tabled above can generate greater distance if achieved without an adverse effect on the golfer’s normal technique.

■

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis

DRIVERS

LEVEL 2

A. REFINE/CONFIRM MODEL FROM BALL FLIGHT The first element discussed with the player during ball-flight analysis is the model. Take into account the following while utilizing the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4. Control: This performance characteristic comprises two variables: forgiveness and workability. Based on ball flight and interaction with the player, determine if either of these aspects needs to be addressed. Refer to Figure 20: Driver Control Chart to help guide the recommendation.

FIGURE 20: DRIVER CONTROL CHART

ABILITY

RECOMMENDATION

Mid to High Handicap

Recommend a more forgiving model to enhance accuracy and distance

Low Handicap

On player preference, recommend a more workable or more forgiving model

Launch Angle: The initial launch angle can vary among driver models. If the player’s initial launch angle is lower than desired, consider a higherlaunching model. If the initial launch angle is higher than desired, try a lower-launching model. Spin Rate: The spin rate can vary among driver models. Consider a higher- or lower-spinning driver model to get as close as possible to the optimal spin rate listed in the LAUNCH ANGLE AND SPIN RATE TABLE ON PAGE 27.

B. REFINE/CONFIRM LOFT FROM BALL FLIGHT When refining or confirming the loft recommendation, pay particular attention to launch angle and spin rate. As loft increases, launch angle and spin rate will also increase. PING research has shown that for every degree that loft increases, on average, the launch angle will increase by 2/3 of a degree and the spin rate will increase by approximately 220 rpm. For example, if a player with 10.5 degrees of loft has

28 Driver Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

a launch angle of 13 degrees and a spin rate of 3,000 rpm, that player with 11.5 degrees of loft will have a launch angle of around 13.66 degrees and a spin rate of approximately 3,220 rpm. Continue to modify loft to get as close as possible to the optimal launch conditions listed in the LAUNCH ANGLE AND SPIN RATE TABLE ON PAGE 27.

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis

DRIVERS C. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT FROM BALL FLIGHT The driver shaft can have a significant impact on the launch angle and spin rate, in addition to affecting a player’s timing and feel. These are all important factors in maximizing distance and

optimizing accuracy. Utilize the DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART ON PAGE 24 to determine which shafts will improve launch conditions and enhance feel.

D. DETERMINE ADJUSTABLE-LOFT SETTING FROM BALL FLIGHT The loft of a driver may also be fine-tuned utilizing PING’s patented adjustable-hosel technology (available on select models). This sleeve allows the fitter to add or subtract loft to dial in the optimal trajectory. {For more information on adjustability, refer to LOFT'S EFFECT ON LAUNCH ANGLE, SPIN ON PAGE 71}. The lightweight adjustable hosel has the same outer diameter and mass as PING’s traditional fixed hosels and provides the benefits of adjustability without sacrificing the performance that’s often lost in clubs with larger, bulkier hosel designs. Modify the loft setting to get as close as possible to the optimal launch conditions listed in the LAUNCH ANGLE AND SPIN RATE TABLE ON PAGE 27.

E. REFINE/CONFIRM GRIP SEE DYNAMIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 63

29 Driver Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis

LEVEL 2

DRIVERS STEP

ANALYZE FACE IMPACT

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH

FIGURE 21: FACE-IMPACT ANALYSIS

Assess the player’s confidence, comfort level and consistency with the standard length for the selected model. If the player seeks greater distance through a longer shaft or is not satisfied with the performance of the standard-length driver, employ the following method to determine the longest controllable length. Face-Impact Analysis: Using face tape, spray, or similar methods, have the player hit multiple shots with his or her current driver. If the impact pattern is inconsistent, repeat the process with a shorter option and compare results. If the impact pattern improves and is more consistent, the player is likely to see greater distance and improved accuracy due to the improved contact. If the initial impact positions are consistent and centered, but the player prefers to try a longer shaft, repeat the process until the longest controllable length is established. To realize an appreciable difference in performance, it is best to utilize ½-inch increments when adjusting length during this process.

Considerations: If the player cannot produce consistent results during ballflight analysis, default to the standard model length. In some cases, a player’s physical limitations or body shape may require a longer or shorter club than suggested. If the player’s impact is consistent, but 30 Driver Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 2

■

INCONSISTENT IMPACT

CONSISTENT IMPACT located toward the toe or heel of the club, consider altering ball position, hand placement, and/or setup. It should also be noted that changes in shaft length can affect driver swingweight. {For more information on swingweight, refer to UNDERSTANDING SWINGWEIGHT ON PAGE 71}.

Analyze Face Impact

LEVEL 2

DRIVER-FITTING CHECKLIST LEVEL 1

1. INTERVIEW

Understanding of player’s current tendencies, needs, and preferences Understanding of player’s current equipment

2. STATIC MEASUREMENTS

Initial Model Initial Loft Initial Shaft Initial Grip

3. MINOR BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Loft Refined/Confirmed Shaft

LEVEL 2

1. DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Loft Refined/Confirmed Shaft Determine Adjustable-Loft Setting Determine Grip

2. FACE-IMPACT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Length

31 Driver-Fitting Checklist

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

LEVEL 1

Properly fit fairway woods and hybrids play an important role in distance gapping and can have a dramatic effect on accuracy, consistency and confidence – maximizing the opportunity for optimal results. PING fairway and hybrid fitting utilizes a proven systematic approach, starting with an interview process followed by static measurements and ball-flight analysis to determine the ideal combination of fairway woods and/or hybrids.

STEP

INTERVIEW

The first step in the fairway wood and hybrid fitting process involves a dialogue to obtain important information. This can take place while the player is warming up. Questions should include, but are not limited to: Do you play golf right-handed or left-handed?

What is the average distance with your driver?

How many fairway woods and/or hybrids would you like to carry?

What are you currently playing (models, shafts and lofts)?

What is your current and Do you have any desired ball flight physical limitations? (both trajectory and direction)?

What is your current handicap and/or scoring range?

Are there any distance gaps that need to be addressed?

STEP

STATIC MEASUREMENTS

A. DETERMINE INITIAL MODEL Discuss general performance of different models based on the player’s preferences and needs. Models vary in their degree of forgiveness and workability. They also offer different trajectories, aesthetics and feel. PING suggests always starting with the most forgiving model, unless there is a strong player preference for a specific model. 32 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 1

■

Interview

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

LEVEL 1

B. DETERMINE INITIAL LOFT different lofts and models, refer to Figure 22: PING Set-Makeup Chart. This chart classifies players by swing speed, and the bullet points outline the factors involved in arriving at the optimal mix of models and lofts.

Overview: A primary goal of a fairway wood and hybrid fitting is to fill the distance gaps between the player’s driver and his or her longest iron. This is done through a choice of lofts and models that fill in the rest of the 14-club set. For example, if the player’s set makeup is a driver, putter, 5-9 iron, and three wedges (10 clubs), there is a maximum of four clubs to fill the yardage gaps between the driver and 5 iron.

Determine the lowest-lofted fairway wood that would result in maximum distance. A 3-wood might not always result in maximum distance for all players. PING research has shown that players with certain club head speeds and abilities benefit from additional loft to

Process: When determining the initial recommendation for the

help maximize distance. Determine the rest of the fairway woods and/or hybrids that would result in optimal gapping. Depending on the number of clubs in the remainder of the player’s set makeup, there will be an allowable number of clubs to select from when filling the gap between the driver and the longest iron. This may render one or more of the rows in the chart not applicable.

FIGURE 22: PING SET-MAKEUP CHART

110 mph

100 mph

90 mph

80 mph

70 mph

Ladies 55-70 mph

Driver

Ladies Driver

Strong 3 wood 3 wood

3 wood 4 wood

3 wood 4 wood 5 wood

4 wood 5 wood

Ladies 3 wood

5 wood 17˚ hybrid

5 wood

7 wood

Ladies 5 wood

17˚-20˚ hybrid 3 iron

7 wood 17˚-20˚ hybrid 3 iron

17˚-20˚ hybrid

Ladies 7 wood

20˚-23˚ hybrid 4 iron

5-hybrid

5 iron

23˚-27˚ hybrid 5 iron

6 iron

27˚-31˚ hybrid 6 iron

7 iron, 8 iron, 9 iron, wedges

161 km/h

145 km/h

177 km/h

33 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

129 km/h

Static Measurements

113 km/h

6-hybrid

Ladies 7 iron, Ladies 8 iron, Ladies 9 iron, Ladies wedges

89-113 km/h

CHOOSE CHOOSE CHOOSE CHOOSE CHOOSE CHOOSE ONE ONE ONE ONE ONE ONE

DRIVER SWING SPEED

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

LEVEL 1

C. DETERMINE INITIAL SHAFT Overview: PING fairway woods and hybrids can be custom-fit with different shaft types and flexes to fit varying swing speeds, swing tendencies and ball-flight preferences. Shafts with different characteristics, such as flex and trajectory effect, can be used to fine-tune ball flight. Shaft flex is a measurement of how much a shaft bends under load. A shaft’s trajectory

effect considers how variables such as weight, torque, and tip stiffness affect launch conditions. Process: To determine an initial shaft recommendation, consider the player’s current shaft type and flex, swing speed, and desired ball flight. Utilize Figure 23: Driver-Shaft Visualization Chart to determine proper fairway/hybrid shaft flex.

FIGURE 23: DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART > 280 yds

250 yds

215 yds

180 yds

< 155 yds

DRIVER CLUB HEAD SPEED:

> 105 mph

95 mph

85 mph

75 mph

< 65 mph

LOWER

TRAJECTORY

HIGHER

DRIVER DISTANCE:

FLEX

STIFFER

X-FLEX

S-FLEX

R-FLEX

SOFTER

SR-FLEX

L-FLEX

CUSTOM SHAFTS

D. DETERMINE INITIAL GRIP FROM MEASUREMENT/CHART SEE STATIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 62

34 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS STEP

MINOR BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

After the initial models, lofts and shafts have been determined, have the player hit two or three shots with the recommended mix of clubs including his or her driver and longest iron, when available. Though small, this initial sample will reveal any refinements that may be necessary based on player feedback, fitter analysis, and

gapping results. The following sections outline recommendations for fitting environments where ball flight can be observed and where it is limited (e.g. into a net without a launch monitor). PING highly recommends analyzing full ball flight when possible to achieve the optimal fit and the best results.

Limited Ball Flight: Consider player feedback on the look and feel of the recommended model. If the player is uncomfortable, try other models until he or she is satisfied.

B. REFINE/CONFIRM LOFT Ball Flight Available: Based on initial ball flight and player feedback, modify the loft recommendations to optimize distance gaps between the driver and longest iron. Typical gaps range from 10 to 15 yards. Utilize Figure 24: Gapping Analysis Chart on the following page to help guide the recommendation.

35 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Minor Ball-Flight Analysis

LEVEL 1

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

LEVEL 1

FIGURE 24: GAPPING ANALYSIS CHART

0 0

PROPER GAPPING 100 150

50 MODEL

CARRY 100 DISTANCE

CLUB 16.5 ˚ (4W)

MODEL Fairway

DISTANCE 231

Hybrid 20˚ 16.5˚ (4W)

Hybrid Fairway

4 Iron Hybrid 20˚

Iron Hybrid

(YARDS) 216 231 202 216

5 Iron 4 Iron

Iron Iron

193 202

196 207

11 14

5 Iron

Iron

193

196

CLUB

TOTAL 150 DISTANCE (YARDS) TOTAL DISTANCE 238

(YARDS) CARRY

(YARDS) 221 238 207 221

GAP

200

250

200

GAPPING YARDS

(YARDS)

GAP

0 (YARDS)

250

1O 2O 3O 4O GAPPING YARDS

17 0 14 17

IMPROPER GAPPING 0 0

100

150

MODEL

CARRY 100 DISTANCE

CLUB 15 ˚ (3W)

MODEL Fairway

DISTANCE 233

18˚ (5W) 15˚ (3W)

Fairway Fairway

Hybrid 23˚ 18˚ (5W)

Hybrid Fairway

(YARDS) 228 233 208 228

5 Iron Hybrid 23˚

Iron Hybrid

193 208

196 212

16 22

5 Iron

Iron

193

196

CLUB

TOTAL 150 DISTANCE (YARDS) TOTAL DISTANCE 241

(YARDS) CARRY

(YARDS) 234 241 212 234

GAP

200

250

200

GAPPING YARDS

(YARDS)

GAP

0 (YARDS)

250

1O 2O 3O 4O GAPPING YARDS

7 0 22 7

C. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT More-flexible shafts feel softer, produce higher trajectories, and in general can help players with slower swing speeds optimize their trajectory. Stiffer shafts feel firmer, produce lower trajectories, and can help players with faster swing speeds optimize trajectory.

36 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Ball Flight Available: Based on initial ball flight and player feedback, modify the shaft recommendation to further optimize launch angle, spin rate, and feel. Refer to the DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART ON PAGE 24 to guide fitting for the proper shaft. Ball Flight Limited: Without observing full ball flight, the fitter will rely on player feedback to refine or confirm the shaft. If the player feels the shaft is too light or soft, recommend a heavier or stiffer shaft. Conversely, if it feels too heavy or stiff, suggest a lighter or softer shaft.

Step 3

■

Minor Ball-Flight Analysis

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS

LEVEL 2

(BUILD ON LEVEL 1)

An optimization of yardage gaps and overall distance is achieved through a detailed ball-flight analysis. This is the ultimate step in refining and confirming model, lofts and shafts based on a player’s hybrid and fairway wood configuration.

STEP

DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

A. REFINE/CONFIRM MODEL FROM BALL FLIGHT The first element discussed with the player during ball-flight analysis is the model. Take into account the following while utilizing the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4. Control: This performance characteristic comprises two variables: forgiveness and workability. Based on ball flight and interaction with the player, determine if either variable needs to be addressed. Utilize Figure 25: Fairway/Hybrid Control Chart to help guide the recommendation.

FIGURE 25: FAIRWAY/HYBRID CONTROL CHART

ABILITY

RECOMMENDATION

Mid to High Handicap

Recommend a more forgiving model to enhance accuracy and distance

Low Handicap

On player preference, recommend a more workable or more forgiving model

37 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Launch Angle: The initial launch angle can vary among fairway and hybrid models. If the player’s initial launch angle is lower than desired, consider a higher-launching model. If the initial launch angle is higher than desired, try a lower-launching model. Spin Rate: Fairway and hybrid models also have varying spin rates. Consider a higher- or lower-spinning model to get as close as possible to the spin rate that achieves the desired trajectory. Trying different lofts within the same model family can also produce the desired results.

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS B. REFINE /CONFIRM HEAD LOFTS FROM BALL FLIGHT The second element discussed with a player during ball-flight analysis are the specific lofts of each fairway/hybrid. Take into account the following while utilizing the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4. Distance: When evaluating ball flight, determine the lowest-lofted fairway wood that results in maximum distance. Note: a 3-wood might not always generate the most distance. In players with slower clubhead speeds, for example, it can be necessary to add loft to achieve distance gains. Gapping: Based on ball flight, modify as necessary the rest of the fairway wood and/or hybrid lofts that result in optimal gapping. To optimize distance, players with slower swing speeds or lower launch angles should consider

carrying more fairway woods than hybrids. Fairway woods are designed to launch higher and maximize ball speed for a comparable loft. Conversely, if the player has a faster swing speed or higher launch angle, consider more hybrids than fairway woods. This player will benefit from the control offered by a hybrid, as he or she already generates sufficient ball speed and distance. Refer to the PING SET-MAKEUP CHART ON PAGE 33 and the GAPPING ANALYSIS CHART ON PAGE 36 for guidance.

C. REFINE /CONFIRM SHAFT FROM BALL FLIGHT Based on ball flight and player feedback, modify the shaft recommendation to further optimize launch angle, spin rate, and feel. Refer to the DRIVER-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART ON PAGE 24 for guidance. If the player feels the shaft is too light or soft, recommend

a heavier or stiffer shaft. Conversely, if it feels too heavy or stiff, suggest a lighter or softer shaft. {For more information on shafts and their effect on performance and feel, refer to CUSTOM SHAFT FITTING ON PAGE 68}.

D. ADJUST LOFT (IF APPLICABLE) FROM BALL FLIGHT The loft of some fairway woods may also be fine-tuned utilizing PING’s patented adjustable-hosel technology (available on select models). This sleeve allows the fitter and the golfer to add or subtract loft to optimize launch conditions. {For more information on adjustability, refer to LOFT'S EFFECT ON LAUNCH ANGLE, SPIN ON PAGE 71}.

E. REFINE /CONFIRM GRIP SEE DYNAMIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 63

38 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis

LEVEL 2

FAIRWAYS AND HYBRIDS STEP

ANALYZE FACE IMPACT

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH

FIGURE 26: FACE-IMPACT ANALYSIS

Assess the player’s confidence, comfort level, and consistency with the standard length for the selected model. If the player seeks greater distance through a longer shaft or is not satisfied with the performance of the standard-length club, employ the following method to determine the longest controllable length. Face-Impact Analysis: Using face tape, spray, or similar methods, have the player hit multiple shots using the current models. If the impact pattern is inconsistent, repeat the process with a shorter option and compare results. If the impact pattern shows more consistency, distance and accuracy will improve. If the initial impact positions are consistent and centered, but the player prefers a longer shaft, repeat the process until the longest controllable length is established. To realize an appreciable difference in performance, it is best to utilize ½-inch increments when adjusting length during this process. Considerations: During ball-flight analysis, if the player cannot produce consistent results, default to the standard model length. In some cases, a player’s physical limitations or body shape may require a longer or shorter club than suggested. If face impact is consistently 39 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting

■

Level 2

■

INCONSISTENT IMPACT

CONSISTENT IMPACT toward either the toe or the heel, consider altering ball position, hand placement, and/or setup. Be aware that changes in shaft length can affect swingweight. {For more information on swingweight, refer to UNDERSTANDING SWINGWEIGHT ON PAGE 71}.

Step 2

■

Analyze Face Impact

LEVEL 2

FAIRWAYS /HYBRIDS FITTING CHECKLIST LEVEL 1

1. INTERVIEW

Understanding of player’s current tendencies, needs, and preferences Understanding of player’s current equipment

2. STATIC MEASUREMENTS

Initial Model Initial Loft and Set Makeup Initial Shaft Initial Grip

3. MINOR BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Loft Refined/Confirmed Shaft

LEVEL 2

1. DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Loft and Gapping Refined/Confirmed Shaft Determine Adjustable-Loft Setting Determine Grip

2. FACE-IMPACT ANALYSIS

Refined/Confirmed Length

40 Fairways/Hybrids Fitting Checklist

WEDGES

LEVEL 1

With more and more players realizing the importance of the short game, many are opting to carry additional wedges. When establishing a wedge combination, consider loft gaps, sole type, and the kinds of shots the player would like to execute around the green. Wedge combinations can include two, three or four wedges. A Level 1 wedge fitting is designed to complete a set as part of a comprehensive iron fitting, or it may be a wedges-only fitting. As a result, some sections make reference to processes found in iron fitting.

STEP

INTERVIEW

The first step in the wedge-fitting process involves a dialogue to obtain important information. This can take place while the player is warming up. Questions should include, but are not limited to:

Do you play golf right-handed or left-handed? What are you currently playing and likes/dislikes (model, shaft, and lofts)? What is your current handicap and/or scoring range? What is the highest-lofted wedge you would like to carry? How many wedges would you like to carry (including PW)?

41 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 1

■

What is your current and desired ball flight (trajectory and direction)? What is your typical divot depth (shallow, medium, deep)? What are the typical sand conditions you normally play (soft, medium, firm)? Do you have any physical limitations?

Interview

WEDGES STEP

LEVEL 1

STATIC MEASUREMENTS

A. DETERMINE INITIAL MODEL AND SOLE TYPE Discuss general performance benefits of different models based on how well they suit the player’s preferences (feel, performance and appearance) and needs (interview insights). Refer to Figure 27: Model Selection Chart to guide the initial wedge-model recommendation. If the appropriate initial selection is an “all-purpose” model, refer to Figure 28: Sole-Type Selection Chart to help determine the appropriate sole type.

FIGURE 27: MODEL SELECTION CHART CHARACTERISTIC

ALL-PURPOSE WEDGES

SET WEDGES

FORGIVENESS

Forgiving

More Forgiving

VERSATILITY

Most Versatile

Versatile

OFFSET

Least Offset

Moderate Offset

SOLE

Slim to Moderate

Moderate to Wide

TRAJECTORY

Flighted

Mid to High Launch

FIGURE 28: SOLE-TYPE SELECTION CHART

TURF & SAND CONDITIONS

DIVOT DEPTH DEEP

MODERATE/ VARIES

SHALLOW

FIRM

MEDIUM/ VARIES

SOFT

A: WIDER SOLE & MORE BOUNCE B: MODERATE BOUNCE & SOLE WIDTH C: THINNER SOLE & LESS BOUNCE

42 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

Static Measurements

WEDGES

LEVEL 1

B. DETERMINE INITIAL WEDGE SET MAKE-UP AND LOFTS One primary goal of a wedge fitting is to fill the distance gaps at the end of a player’s set to arrive at the 14-club limit. For example, if the player’s set make-up is a driver, 4-wood, 3 thru 9 iron, and putter (10 clubs), this leaves room for a maximum number of four wedges. When determining the initial

recommendation for lofts and models, utilize Figure 29: Wedge Selection Chart. The chart breaks down loft combinations according to the number of wedges a player desires to carry. Utilize this table and insights gained from the interview process to determine the initial combination of lofts.

FIGURE 29: WEDGE SELECTION CHART

NUMBER OF WEDGES

LOFT

50˚/ UW 52˚ 54˚/ SW 56˚ 58˚/ LW 60˚

C. DETERMINE INITIAL LENGTH, COLOR CODE, SHAFT AND GRIP A recommended starting point in a Level 1 wedge fitting is to choose the same length, color code, shaft and grip that the player uses in his or her irons. PING research has shown that matching these specs between

43 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

wedges and irons improves performance throughout the set. When fitting for wedges only, refer to the static color code, length, shaft, and grip recommendation processes in iron fitting.

Static Measurements

WEDGES STEP

DYNAMIC SWING TEST

The dynamic swing test for wedges follows the same principles and methods as the dynamic swing test for irons. For more details, refer to the IRON DYNAMIC SWING TEST ON PAGES 12-14.

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH Based on initial swings and player feedback, modify the length recommendation if necessary for a more consistent/center impact or improved posture. For more details, see IRON DYNAMIC SWING TEST ON PAGE 12.

B. REFINE/CONFIRM COLOR CODE Using the lie board and impact-tape, determine the most appropriate color code with the goal of achieving a centered mark.

C. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT Based on initial swings and player feedback, modify the shaft recommendation if necessary. Utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to determine the optimal shaft that satisfies the player's feel and desired ball flight.

44 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Dynamic Swing Test

LEVEL 1

WEDGES

LEVEL 2

(BUILD ON LEVEL 1)

With a large percentage of shots occurring inside of 120 yards, dependable gapping and wedge performance from a variety of lies and positions plays an important role in generating lower scores. The Level 2 wedge-fitting process provides the ultimate refinement and confirmation of a player’s wedge set.

STEP

DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH FROM BALL FLIGHT It is fairly uncommon to modify the length of a player’s wedges relative to the iron set. PING recommends altering the length of wedges only if the player expresses a strong preference for doing so. If this is the case, refer to REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH FROM BALL FLIGHT ON PAGE 18 for help with refining wedge length.

B. REFINE/CONFIRM COLOR CODE FROM BALL FLIGHT The process for determining the dynamic color code for wedges is identical to that of an iron fitting, except use a typical sand wedge loft rather than a 7-iron. {Refer to FITTING FOR IRON COLOR CODE ON PAGE 7 for more details}.

45 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis and Performance

WEDGES C. FULL-SWING ANALYSIS FROM BALL FLIGHT Have the player hit full-swing shots with the recommended wedge(s) from Level 1. Continue to solicit feedback on appearance, feel and performance. Consider dispersion and ball-flight patterns, discussing with the player which elements might need to change to optimize ball flight. Consider variables such as shot shape, turf interaction, trajectory, aesthetics and gapping. Shot Shape: If the player’s shot pattern is an undesirable push, fade or slice, select the next upright color code. If the pattern is an unwanted pull, draw or hook, select the nextflattest color code. Utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to establish the bestperforming color code, then proceed to the next step in ball-flight analysis. It is common for players to need a flatter color code in their wedges than in their irons. Flatter lies can reduce a tendency to pull, providing straighter, softer shots. To identify the wedge color code, have the player experiment with shorter shots, different lies, knockdown shots, etc., to see which lie angle produces the best overall results.

46 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Trajectory and Aesthetics: Depending on the player’s desired trajectory on full-swing wedge shots, it may be necessary to recommend a different model to achieve the desired result. Players may also have a preference on the aesthetics of a wedge, feeling more confident with a wedge from the iron set rather than an all-purpose wedge, or vice-versa. Utilize the MODEL SELECTION CHART ON PAGE 42 to guide this decision. Turf Interaction and/or Divot Depth: If a player is dissatisfied with the club’s turf interaction (such as digging too much), refer to the SOLE-TYPE SELECTION CHART ON PAGE 42 for help. Players who are steep typically perform best with a wider sole that has more bounce. Conversely, players who are shallow typically perform best with a thinner sole and less bounce. {For more information about angle of attack and sole types, refer to the WEDGE ANGLE OF ATTACK AND BOUNCE ON PAGE 74}.

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis and Performance

LEVEL 2

WEDGES

LEVEL 2

Gapping: Based on the resulting distance for each loft, including the pitching wedge, determine how much loft is needed to achieve proper distance gaps. Typical gaps range from 10 to 15 yards. Refer to Figure 30: Gapping Analysis Chart for examples of proper gapping.

FIGURE 30: GAPPING ANALYSIS CHART

PROPER GAPPING 0 0

50 50 CLUB CLUB

MODEL MODEL

PW PW 50˚ 50˚ 54˚ 54˚ 58˚ 58˚

Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge

CARRY CARRY DISTANCE DISTANCE (YARDS)

100 100

(YARDS) 132 132 118 118 105 105 92 92

TOTAL TOTAL DISTANCE DISTANCE (YARDS) (YARDS) 133 133 118 118 106 106 92 92

150 150 GAP

GAP (YARDS) (YARDS) 0 0 15 15 12 12 14 14

200 200

O O

GAPPING YARDS GAPPING YARDS 1O 2O 3O 4O 1O 2O 3O 4O

IMPROPER GAPPING

0 0

50 50 CLUB CLUB

MODEL MODEL

PW PW 50˚ 50˚ 52˚ 52˚ 60˚ 60˚

Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge Wedge

47 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 2

■

CARRY CARRY DISTANCE DISTANCE (YARDS) (YARDS) 132 132 116 116 110 110 86 86

Step 1

■

100 100

TOTAL TOTAL DISTANCE DISTANCE (YARDS) (YARDS) 133 133 118 118 112 112 88 88

150 150 GAP GAP (YARDS) (YARDS) 0 0 15 15 6 6 24 24

200 200

O O

GAPPING YARDS GAPPING YARDS 1O 2O 3O 4O 1O 2O 3O 4O

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis and Performance

WEDGES D. PARTIAL-SWING ANALYSIS FROM BALL FLIGHT Have the player hit the types of shots he or she would typically play with wedges (chips, pitches, sand shots, flops, etc.). Solicit feedback on turf interaction and versatility. As the player hits partial-swing pitches, consider turf interaction and whether a different sole type (wider or thinner, more or less bounce) is needed. Refer to the SOLE-TYPE SELECTION CHART ON PAGE 42 for more information. For greenside shots,

such as a chip or bunker shot, consider the player’s preference and any typical shot tendencies. Turf and sand interaction should always be considered when finalizing wedge specifications. NOTE: Refer to the CUSTOM WEDGEGRIND OPTIONS ON PAGE 78 section for details regarding further customization of sole type based on the player’s preferences and performance needs.

E. REFINE/CONFIRM SHAFT FROM BALL FLIGHT Most often, players will have the same shaft in their wedges and irons. As the player continues to hit shots, assess the resulting trajectory and spin. Also solicit feedback on how the shaft feels (weight, flex), and the player’s desired

shot pattern. If the player wants to try various wedge shafts, utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4, alternating between the two best-performing shafts until the player can choose one.

F. REFINE/CONFIRM GRIP SEE DYNAMIC GRIP FITTING SECTION ON PAGE 63

48 Wedge Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

Detailed Ball-Flight Analysis and Performance

LEVEL 2

WEDGE-FITTING CHECKLIST LEVEL 1

1. INTERVIEW

Understanding of player’s current tendencies, needs, and preferences Understanding of player’s current equipment

2. STATIC MEASUREMENTS

Initial Model and Sole Type Initial Loft and Set Makeup Initial Color Code and Length Initial Shaft Initial Grip

3. DYNAMIC SWING TEST Refined/Confirmed Length Refined/Confirmed Color Code Refined/Confirmed Shaft LEVEL 2

1. DETAILED BALL-FLIGHT ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE

Refined/Confirmed Length Refined/Confirmed Color Code Refined/Confirmed Model Refined/Confirmed Sole Refined/Confirmed Lofts/Gapping Refined/Confirmed Shaft Refined/Confirmed Grip

49 Wedge-Fitting Checklist

PUTTERS

LEVEL 1

A properly fit putter can have a dramatic effect on a player’s consistency, accuracy and distance control. This ultimately leads to increased confidence, giving the player the opportunity for optimal results. A PING putter fitting involves an interview and observation process, followed by a systematic approach to establish optimal putter characteristics.

STEP

INTERVIEW

The first step in putter fitting involves a dialogue to obtain important information. This can take place while the player is rolling some initial putts. Questions should include, but are not limited to:

How long have you been using your current putter? What have you used in the past? Do you know the specs of your current putter? If so, what are they? Do you typically prefer mallet or blade putters? Belly, long, standard, counterbalanced?

50 Putter Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 1

■

What kinds of alignment aids have performed best for you? When you struggle putting, do you have a miss tendency (right or left of the hole)? Do you consider putting a strength or a weakness?

Interview

PUTTERS STEP

LEVEL 1

STATIC MEASUREMENTS

A. FIT FOR LENGTH

FIGURE 31: HEIGHT/WRIST MEASUREMENT

1. Establish the player’s height by

asking the player or utilizing a measuring tape.

2. Establish the player’s wrist-to-floor

HEIGHT

measurement by asking the player to stand straight with his or her arms hanging freely, feet shoulderwidth apart, and looking straight at the horizon. The player’s posture is critical in establishing an accurate measurement. Measure from ground level to the player’s wrist crease on his or her glove hand with a tape measure.

WRIST

3. Based on observation, the fitter

should determine whether the player’s posture is upright, standard, or crouched.

51 Putter Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

FIGURE 32: POSTURE TYPES

UPRIGHT

Static Measurements

STANDARD

CROUCHED

PUTTERS

LEVEL 1

FIGURE 33: PUTTER-LENGTH CHART HEIGHT (FEET)

5' 2"

5' 4"

5' 6

5' 8"

5'10"

6'0"

6'2"

6'4"

6'6"

6'8" 103 CM

40" 39" 38" 37" 36" 35" 34" 33" 32" 31"

30"

34 33 1 /2 32 1 33 /2 31 1 32 /2

34 1 /2

35 1 /2

36 1 /2

100 CM

97 CM 94 CM

WRIST-TO-FLOOR (CM)

WRIST-TO-FLOOR (IN)

5' 0"

41"

91 CM 88 CM 85 CM 82 CM 79 CM 76 CM 73 CM

29" 150

153

156

159

162

HEIGHT (CM)

165

168

174

177

STANCE = UPRIGHT -> ADD 1

4. Refer to Figure 33: Putter-Length

Chart to determine an appropriate length based on the player’s height, wrist-tofloor measurement, and stance.

5. If the player considers putting a

strength, and the recommended length differs from his or her current length,

PUTTERS CORRECTLY FIT USING ADJUSTABLELENGTH SHAFTS PRODUCE SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN CONSISTENCY. 52 Putter Fitting

171

■

Level 1

■

Step 2

■

180

183

186

189

192

195

198

201

204

STANCE = CROUCHED -> SUBTRACT 1

defer to the player as to which feels more comfortable. To help decide, have the player hit putts with the recommended length to determine if performance and feel improve over the current length. For players who consider putting a weakness, default to the length recommendation from the chart.

NOTE: When available, utilize adjustable-length putters during this process. The results of PING’s extensive putter research prove the benefits of self-adjusting length for a proper fit, compared to fixed-length shafts.

Static Measurements

PUTTERS STEP

ANALYZE STROKE TYPE

PING putter models offer shaft bends and hosel configurations to fit three stroke types: straight, slight arc, and strong arc. Results from hundreds of player tests at PING show that players putt more consistently when their putter balance matches their stroke type. To identify the PING putters that match one of the three stroke types, a color-coded shaft label is applied to each PING putter. A blue label identifies straight stroke types, a green label signifies slight arc, and red is for strong arc.

Measurement Technology Available: When technology for measuring rotation in a putting stroke is available (e.g. iPING, SAM PuttLab, Zenio), use Figure 34: Stroke Type to determine the player’s stroke type. The figure correlates putter face rotation to a stroke type. A player’s face rotation is the difference (in degrees) between the face angle at the end of the backswing and the face angle at impact. Without Measurement Technology: As the player hits 10-foot putts, the fitter should stand directly behind the player, observing the approximate amount of face rotation in the stroke. Based on these observations, recommend the appropriate stroke type.

FIGURE 34: STROKE TYPE

Have the player hit 10-foot putts with his or her current putter, or provide the player with a slight-arc putter. (PING has determined that a majority of players fit into slight-arc models.) If adjustability is an option, ensure that the putter is set to the proper fitted length. For a fixed-length shaft, make sure the player’s hands grip the club at the appropriate location.

53 Putter Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 3

■

Analyze Stroke Type

LEVEL 1

PUTTERS STEP

LEVEL 1

DETERMINE MODEL GROUP AND HEAD WEIGHT

A. MODEL GROUP The fitter should consider different alignment aids and head shapes based on the interview, and then recommend a putter model from the appropriate stroketype category. Solicit player feedback on the head shape, hosel geometry, and alignment features that he or she prefers. PING offers a number of putter models in a range of shapes and alignment features. PING research has revealed four distinct groups of putter design, and players will typically perform best with putters in a particular group. These groups are depicted in Figure 35: Putter-Model Alignment. When fitting for a putter, identifying which group the player prefers will guide model recommendations. Some putter models span two or three groups. The general groups are:

Group 1 contains putters (blade or mallet) with a single, long alignment line that extends all the way to the putter face. Group 2 contains mallet putters with a long center-alignment aid. Group 3 includes blade-type putters with a simple, traditional look. They may contain a single alignment line, or no line at all. Group 4 contains putters with ball-width alignment features and/or outer perimeter lines and features. Another point to consider is that mallet putters typically have a higher Moment of Inertia (MOI). This indicates greater head stability at impact, which provides greater forgiveness on off-center hits and improves accuracy.

FIGURE 35: PUTTER-MODEL ALIGNMENT

GROUP 1

GROUP 2

GROUP 3

GROUP 4

EXAMPLE

54 Putter Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 4

■

Determine Model Group and Head Weight

PUTTERS B. HEAD WEIGHT PING research has shown a performance correlation between putting-stroke tempo and putter head weight. Tempo is defined as the ratio of backswing time to downswing time. For example, a player with a backswing time of 2 seconds and a downswing time of 1 second would have a tempo of 2.0. A player’s tempo can be determined using measurement technology (e.g. iPING, SAM PuttLab, Zenio), or through observation.

Players with a quicker tempo tend to perform most consistently with a traditional or lighter putter head weight, while players with a slower tempo perform most consistently with a heavier or counter-balanced putter. Refer to Figure 36: Putter Head Weight Recommendation to help determine the best-performing head weight for a given player.

FIGURE 36: PUTTER HEAD WEIGHT RECOMMENDATION

TEMPO

RECOMMENDATION

QUICK

Recommend standard lighter head

MEDIUM

Recommend heavy or standard head

SLOW

Recommend heavy head or counter balance

<1.8

1.8 - 2.2

>2.2

55 Putter Fitting

■

Level 1

■

Step 4

■

Determine Model Group and Head Weight

LEVEL 1

PUTTERS

LEVEL 2

(BUILD ON LEVEL 1)

When utilizing the PING Process of Elimination during a Level 2 putter fitting, if technology is available to measure a player’s consistency, recommend the stroke-type model that produces the greatest consistency. Consistency is measured in terms of stroke type, impact angle, tempo, lie angle at impact, and shaft lean at impact. PING research shows that a consistent stroke is the #1 key to holing more putts for beginners and tour pros alike.

STEP

EVALUATE PERFORMANCE

A. REFINE/CONFIRM LENGTH After an initial putter recommendation has been established, have the player hit putts and observe his or her setup based on posture, comfort, and eye position over the ball. At this point, make only small adjustments to the length recommendation. If the player considers putting to be a strength, it is recommended the fitter not alter the

setup unless asked for help. For players who consider putting a weakness, guide them into a posture and address position that are comfortable and places their eyes slightly inside or directly over the ball. Adjust the shaft length if possible, or experiment with different fixed lengths to arrive at the optimal setup position for that player.

B. REFINE/CONFIRM STROKE TYPE Have the player hit more 10-foot putts with the putter recommendation from the Level 1 fitting. If the player demonstrates a push or pull tendency, consider a different stroke-type model

56 Putter Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

as a corrective. Refer to Figure 37: Miss Tendency Table on the following page to determine whether another stroke-type model should be evaluated.

Evaluate Performance

PUTTERS Utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to narrow the choices until the two bestperforming options are established. Next, alternate the final two stroke types while discussing the general performance relative to the player’s preferences and needs until the player can choose one stroke type. Also utilize stroke-consistency measurements when technology is available.

C. REFINE/CONFIRM MODEL AND WEIGHT If the player has the opportunity to try various models, have the player hit putts, then confirm the model choice based on feedback regarding aesthetics, feel and performance. Factors to consider: head size and shape (e.g. blade, mallet, mid-mallet); alignment-aid preference (lines, no lines); face type (e.g. insert, grooved, milled, etc.); hosel geometry; finish (e.g. anodized black, copper, starshot, etc.); and adjustable or fixed-length shaft. In terms of putter head weight, if a player wants to improve performance on longer-length putts, recommend a lighter option. To improve on shorter putts, a heavier option should be recommended. See Figure 38: Modified Putter Head Weight Recommendation to guide you in the proper head weight. When evaluating different models and head weights, utilize the PING PROCESS OF ELIMINATION ON PAGE 4 to narrow the choices until the two best-performing 57 Putter Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 1

■

LEVEL 2

FIGURE 37: MISS TENDENCY TABLE

MISS TENDENCY PULL

NO PATTERN

Slight Arc

Straight

SLIGHT ARC

Strong Arc

Slight Arc

Straight

STRONG ARC

Strong Arc

Slight Arc

STROKE TYPE STRAIGHT

(Left for RH player)

PUSH

(Right for RH player)

FIGURE 38: MODIFIED PUTTER HEAD WEIGHT RECOMMENDATION

TEMPO QUICK

MEDIUM

SLOW

Heavy

Heavy or Counter Balanced

Counter Balanced

DEFAULT

Standard or Light

Standard or Heavy

Heavy

IMPROVE LONG PUTT PERFORMANCE

Standard or Light

Heavy

<1.8

IMPROVE SHORT PUTT PERFORMANCE

1.8 to 2.2

options are established. Utilize stroke-consistency measurements when technology is available to help determine the best fit.

Evaluate Performance

>2.2

PUTTERS STEP

ANALYZE LOFT AND LIE

A. DETERMINE LOFT

FIGURE 39: PUTTER LOFT ANGLE

Loft is the angle of the clubface relative to a vertical line perpendicular to the ground. See Figure 39: Putter Loft Angle. The standard loft of PING putters is 3 degrees. However, most PING putters can be built or adjusted with lofts ranging from 1 to 5 degrees in ½-degree increments to satisfy the player’s preferences and stroke tendencies. PING field research shows that for most putting surfaces, 3 degrees of loft at impact produces an optimal launch angle and spin rate, getting the ball to roll efficiently along the target line. Too little or too much loft can lead to skidding and/ or undesirable spin that can produce inconsistent results. Determine launch conditions, particularly launch angle and spin rate, based on putts hit with the recommended model, stroke type and length. When available, utilize technology to measure launch conditions or a player’s hand and shaft orientation at impact. If the ball seems to be driving into the ground and/or the player’s hands are noticeably forward at impact, recommend more loft. If the ball is launching too high, causing noticeable skid/backspin during initial roll, and/or the player’s hands are back at impact, recommend less loft. 58 Putter Fitting

LEVEL 2

■

Level 2

■

Step 2

■

LOFT ANGLE

FIGURE 40: PUTTER LOFT CHART IMPACT SHAFT LEAN

SUGGESTED LOFT

< -3˚

5˚

-1˚ to -3˚

4˚

-1˚ to 1˚

3˚

1˚ to 3˚

2˚

> 3˚

1˚

GREEN SPEED

LOFT CHANGE

Fast

Minus 1˚

Medium

None

Slow

Add 1˚

Analyze Loft and Lie

PUTTERS Refer to Figure 40: Putter Loft Chart on the previous page for guidance when making a loft recommendation. Also consider the player’s typical green speed and adjust the loft recommendation according to Figure 38: Putter Loft Chart.

FIGURE 41: PUTTER LIE ANGLE

LIE ANGLE

B. DETERMINE LIE The PING putter color code refers to the lie angle of the putter, or the angle formed between the shaft and the sole. PING putters can be built or adjusted to different color codes to fit a variety of address positions and preferences. Most models are available in nine color codes, ranging from 4 degrees flat (from standard) to 4 degrees upright. Refer to Figure 41: Putter Lie Angle. Based on putts hit with the recommended model and stroke type, determine the putter head’s lie orientation at impact. Utilize any available technology to measure the player’s hand and shaft orientation at impact. If the toe is higher than the heel, consider a flatter color code (lie angle), and if the heel is higher than the toe, consider a more upright color code. When the shaft lie angle can be measured at impact, refer to Figure 42: Putter Color Code Chart to guide the choice of color code.

FIGURE 42: PUTTER COLOR CODE CHART

IMPACT SHAFT LIE

SUGGESTED LIE

< 16˚

Silver (16)

16˚ to 17˚

White (17)

17˚ to 18˚

Green (18)

18˚ to 19˚

Blue (19)

19˚ to 21˚

Black (20)

21˚ to 22˚

Red (21)

22˚ to 23˚

Orange (22)

23˚ to 24˚

Brown (23)

> 24˚

59 Putter Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 2

■

Analyze Loft and Lie

Gold (24)

LEVEL 2

PUTTERS During a fitting for lie angle, some players will adjust their hands and setup to create a familiar look at address. For example, if handed a flatter putter on the fitter’s recommendation, the player might position his or her hands lower than normal to produce a toe-up look that’s more comfortable. In these cases, work to ensure the player’s comfort with the look at address. Although getting the sole parallel to the ground is preferable, it’s not imperative in every case. Refer to Figure 43: Putter Address.

STEP

FIGURE 43: PUTTER ADDRESS

DETERMINE GRIP

If the player is interested in a grip option other than standard, discuss and recommend based on player preference. When available, have the player putt with various grip options (cord, oversized, different materials, etc.) until a preferred choice can be established.

60 Putter Fitting

■

Level 2

■

Step 3

■

Determine Grip

LEVEL 2

PUTTER-FITTING CHECKLIST LEVEL 1

1. INTERVIEW

Understanding of player’s current tendencies, needs, and preferences Understanding of player’s current equipment

2. STATIC MEASUREMENTS

Initial Length

3. STROKE-TYPE ANALYSIS

Straight, Slight Arc, or Strong Arc Stroke Type

4. MODEL GROUP RECOMMENDATION

Initial Model Initial Weight

LEVEL 2

1. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

Refined/Confirmed Length Refined/Confirmed Stroke Type Refined/Confirmed Model and Weight

2. LOFT AND LIE ANALYSIS

Determine Loft Determine Recommendation

3. GRIP DETERMINATION

Grip Size & Style

61 Putter-Fitting Checklist

GRIPS Field experience and PING player testing have shown that grip size can influence ball flight. Standard PING grips are available in several sizes, which are denoted by a color code on the butt end of the grip. The PING Grip Chart provides a starting point for the fitting process and offers high statistical probability of an optimal size recommendation. If the fitter is able to analyze ball flight, this recommendation can be confirmed or refined.

STEP

DETERMINE GRIP SIZE

1. MEASURING HAND SIZE Using the player’s glove hand, measure the overall length of his or her hand, from the wrist crease to the end of the longest finger (A). Next, measure the length of the longest finger, from the end to the crease where the finger joins the palm (B). Reference Figure 44: Hand Measurement.

FIGURE 44: HAND MEASUREMENT

WRIST CREASE

LENGTH OF LONGEST FINGER

62 Grip Fitting

■

Step 1

■

Determine Grip Size

GRIPS 2. USING THE GRIP CHART

FIGURE 45: GRIP CHART

Using Figure 45: Grip Chart, locate the player's overall hand length on the left of the chart (axis A), and the player's longest-finger measurement at the top of the chart (axis B). Locate the point where the two measurements intersect. The colored band at the intersection point indicates the player’s static grip size. If the intersection point is on the border between two grip sizes, the smaller option may benefit players who want to reduce a fade or slice. Conversely, the larger grip option may benefit players who want to reduce a draw or hook.

STEP

DETERMINE DYNAMIC GRIP SIZE

The grip chart provides a size recommendation, which should be confirmed or modified based on the player's desired and actual ball flight, as well as feel and comfort. Smaller grips may help players reduce a fade or slice, while larger grips can help reduce a draw or a hook. 63 Grip Fitting

■

Step 2

■

Determine Dynamic Grip Size

POST-FITTING PROCESS Helping the player monitor his or her on-course performance is the final piece of the PING fitting process, an essential step for anyone who is serious about lowering their scores. This allows the player to identify any aspect of his or her game that may need improvement. To help identify undesirable ballflight patterns, PING encourages players to track their on-course performance, noting particular patterns and tendencies with every club. The following statistics can be useful to track: Greens in Regulation Fairways Hit Fairway Miss Tendencies (left, right) Number of Putts Miss Tendencies - Putting (left, right, short, etc.) Miss Tendencies - Wedges (left, right, short, etc.) Anyone who is taking lessons and has improved technique since the initial fitting may consider club adjustments to fit his or her new swing. A playerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s swing can change over time. In these instances, consultation with a fitter is recommended to help the player make an informed decision as to whether adjustments are needed for the equipment and/or swing.

64 Post-Fitting Process

FIGURE 46: PLAYER ON-COURSE PERFORMANCE SHEET

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE This section provides in-depth information and further explanation of concepts introduced in levels 1 and 2 throughout the fitting manual. This includes research insights, performance statistics and detailed definitions.

LIE ANGLE

FIGURE 47: LIE ANGLE / LENGTH RELATIONSHIP

The static lie angle of an iron head determines the color code of the iron. While the static lie angle determines the color code irrespective of club length, the effective “dynamic” lie angle is affected by club length. For a given color code, increasing shaft length will make the dynamic lie angle play more upright, while shortening length will make the dynamic lie angle play flatter. For each ½" change in shaft length the dynamic lie angle will change approximately ¾°. For example, a black color code at +½" length will dynamically play approximately ¾° more upright than black color code at standard length. Conversely, a black color code at -½" length will dynamically play approximately ¾° flatter than black color code at standard length. For this reason, you should always re-confirm the color code whenever length is changed.

65 Further Knowledge

■

Lie Angle

TOE DOWN

FLAT

TOE UP

ALL BLACK COLOR CODE 7 IRON Length Static Lie Angle

- 1/2

STD

+1/2

62˚

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE EFFECT OF LIE ANGLE CHANGES ON PERFORMANCE An iron’s lie angle can have a significant effect on performance, influencing both the initial direction and the curvature of a shot’s trajectory. Irons are designed to offer a face that is square to the target when the sole sits parallel to the ground. If lie angle is altered to bring the toe or the heel off the ground, the face will open or close. This will result in a tendency for the ball to go left or right. The effect can be compounded by impact with the turf since one side of the club will dig more.

Figure 48: Lie Angle Effect On Face Direction shows how the face direction of a particular iron is affected by lie angle. One can see how for a given change in lie angle, the change in face angle is much larger for a pitching wedge when compared to a 3-iron. For a 1° change in lie angle (1 color code), a 3-iron’s face angle is changed by about 0.3°, a 7 -iron by 0.6° and a pitching wedge by 1°. Upright lie angles always effectively close the face while flat lie angles always effectively open the face.

FIGURE 48: LIE ANGLE EFFECT ON FACE DIRECTION

OPEN/CLOSED VS. LIE CHANGE (DEGREES) 7 IRON (34 DEG.), 3 IRON (20 DEG.), PW (44 DEG.) 2.5

7 Iron

OPEN/CLOSED

3 Iron

1.5 1

0.5 -3

-2

-1

-0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2.5

LIE ANGLE CHANGE

66 Further Knowledge

■

Lie Angle

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE NEW COLOR CODE CONVERSION

Length (in)

FIGURE 49: NEW COLOR CODE CONVERSION CHART

New Color Code Conversion On July 10, 2017*, PING published a new color code chart to improve the simplicity and accuracy of its iron fittings. The chart below converts a golfer’s static color code prior to that date to the new system. To determine the golfer’s new color code, plot their current club length (left side of chart) and color code (bottom of chart). Example: A player who was + ½”, yellow color code prior to the publishing of the new chart is now +½”, blue color code.

Gold

Brown

Orange Orange

Gold

Brown

Orange

Gold

Brown

Orange Orange

Gold

Brown

Orange

+⅟2"

Gold

Brown

Orange Orange

+¼"

Gold

Brown

Orange

Std.

Gold

Brown

Orange Orange

-¼"

Brown

Orange

-⅟2"

Brown

Orange Orange

-¾"

Brown

Orange

Orange Orange

+1 ⅟2" +1 ¼" +1" +¾"

-1"

Red

Black

Blue

Green

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Maroon

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Maroon

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Maroon Maroon +

Maroon Maroon

-1 ¼"

Orange

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Maroon Maroon Maroon

-1 ⅟2"

Orange

Red

Black

Blue

Green

White

Silver

Maroon Maroon Maroon

Gold

Brown

Orange

Purple

Red

Black

Blue

Yellow

Green

White

Color Code Pre-July 10, 2017 *If you are unsure which version of the chart was used to determine the club’s color code, reference the serial number on the hosel. The serial number for all irons built using the new system begins with the letter “A”.

67 Further Knowledge

■

New Color Code Conversion

Silver

Maroon

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE CUSTOM SHAFT FITTING When choosing a shaft, a number of factors can affect the overall performance. Factors include material (steel vs. graphite), weight, flex, tip stiffness, torque, and CG location. Through extensive research, PING has developed shaft visualization charts for metal woods and irons, which present shafts on a chart plotting their trajectory effect against their flex. These values are defined as the following: Trajectory Effect: Trajectory Effect is a proprietary PING shaft value that

quantifies the difference in launch angle and spin rate when comparing shafts by determining torque, tip stiffness, butt stiffness, weight, and how CG affect trajectory. The higher this value, the greater the launch angle and spin rate for a given shaft. Flex: The Flex value represents the overall stiffness of a particular shaft. The lower this value, the less the shaft flexes when loaded, and the firmer the overall stiffness. Conversely, the greater this value, the more the shaft flexes when loaded and the softer the overall stiffness.

SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART EXAMPLE

68 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

FIGURE 50: IRON-SHAFT VISUALIZATION CHART > 170 yds

160 yds

140 yds

125 yds

< 110 yds

> 90 mph

80 mph

70 mph

65 mph

< 60 mph

HIGHER

7-IRON DISTANCE: 7-IRON CLUB HEAD SPEED:

TRAJECTORY

G G

S S FLEX

STIFFER

X-FLEX

S-FLEX

R-FLEX S=STEEL

SR-FLEX

SOFTER

L-FLEX

G=GRAPHITE

the chart shows that a stiff-flex steel iron shaft will launch lower and play slightly firmer than a stiff-flex graphite iron shaft.

Custom Shaft Fitting

LOWER

On a given shaft visualization chart, the flex values listed at the bottom are ordered from stiffest on the left to softest on the right. The trajectory effect is listed on the left axis from lowest to highest. In general, softer shafts will lead to higher launch angles with greater spin rates while stiffer shafts are characterized by lower launch angles and lower spin rates. This is why most shafts fit into a band on the chart running from the lower left corner to the upper right. For a given flex, there can be a number of different trajectories offered, which are represented by the smaller dots. By comparing two shafts on Figure 50: Iron-Shaft Visualization Chart, one can easily determine how they relate to each other with respect to launch conditions and stiffness. For example,

CUSTOM SHAFTS

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE TIP TRIMMING, STEPPING Shaft options provide a number of ways to further customize the way clubs are built. In advanced-fitting scenarios, two common options are tip trimming for metal woods and stepping hard or soft with irons. Tip Trimming: This is typically used on graphite metal-wood shafts to effectively stiffen the feel of a shaft and lower its trajectory. In general, tipping a graphite shaft by 1 inch will affect the overall feel and trajectory of the shaft by half of a flex. For example, if an S-flex graphite driver shaft is tipped 1 inch, it will generally perform halfway between the S-flex and X-flex versions of the shaft.

69 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

Stepping: Stepping allows a set to achieve a flex in-between flex codes. For example, a set that is stepped stiff places a 9-iron shaft in an 8-iron, an 8-iron shaft in a 7-iron, and so on. This effectively stiffens the set some, since shafts for shorter irons are a bit stiffer. The same can be done to make an iron set play slightly softer, by placing a 7-iron shaft in an 8-iron, an 8-iron shaft in a 9-iron, etc. Stepping a set soft or stiff effectively makes the set play Âź of a flex softer or stiffer.

Custom Shaft Fitting

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE EFFECTS OF CHANGING SHAFT LENGTH Altering the length of a club can have a significant effect on its performance, for both metal woods and irons. As length is evaluated, keep in mind the trade-offs in performance for different clubs. The following sections offer guidelines to predict changes in performance due to length and are derived from numerous robotic and player tests conducted by PING. These changes in performance represent changes due to length while keeping a constant swingweight.

DRIVERS Figure 51: Driver Chart displays the changes in ball flight and performance as length changes. For example, for a 1-inch increase in length, ball speed increases an average of 1 mph. As a general rule, an increase in length may lead to an increase in distance, but will usually lead to a significant decrease in accuracy. The driver lengths used on the men's and women's professional tours should also be noted. For men on the PGA and European tours, the driver lengths for PING pros range from 44.25 ”to 46 ”, with an average of 45.25 ”. For women on the LPGA Tour, lengths range from 44.5 ”to 46.5 ”, with an average of 45.25 ”.

FIGURE 51: DRIVER CHART CHANGE IN PERFORMANCE FOR A 1-INCH INCREASE IN DRIVER LENGTH

PARAMETER

AVERAGE CHANGE

Ball Speed

+1 mph

Launch Angle

+0.6˚

Spin Rate

+120 rpm

Club Speed

+1.4 mph

Carry

+4 yds

Shot Bend

1.24 yds left

Stat Area Change

+10%

FIGURE 52: IRON CHART CHANGE IN PERFORMANCE FOR A 1/2-INCH INCREASE IN IRON LENGTH

IRONS Figure 52: Iron Chart displays the change in ball flight and performance as the length of various irons is altered. For example, for a ½-inch increase in 7-iron length, the average resulting increase in ball speed is about 1 mph.

70 Further Knowledge

■

IRON

BALL SPEED (MPH)

CLUB SPEED (MPH)

LAUNCH ANGLE (DEG)

SPIN RATE (RPM)

CARRY DISTANCE (YDS)

+0.25

+0.75

+0.5

- 50

+0.75

+1.25

+0.5

+20

+1.25

7 Iron

+1.5

+0.5

+50

+1.5

4 Iron

+1.5

+0.5

+25

+1.5

Effects of Changing Shaft Length

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE LOFT'S EFFECT ON LAUNCH ANGLE, SPIN Many PING metal woods provide the ability to adjust the loft, allowing players to fine-tune their ball flight and trajectory. PING research has shown that a 1-degree increase in loft for a driver will result in a 0.7-degree increase in launch angle and a 220 rpm increase in spin rate. Similarly, for

fairway woods, a 1-degree increase in loft will result in a 0.5-degree increase in launch angle with a 210 rpm increase in spin rate. These relationships can be used to guide the use of adjustable loft to tune trajectory during a fitting where launch-monitor data is available.

UNDERSTANDING SWINGWEIGHT Swingweight is the relationship between the clubhead weight and the overall length and weight of the club about a fixed fulcrum point. The fulcrum point is 14 inches from the butt end of the club. Swingweight typically refers to the relative head weight feel and is measured in alphanumeric units such as C9 and D0; higher letter-number values indicate a heavier swingweight. The swingweight tolerances for PING irons are +/- Âź swingweight. Longerthan-standard clubs will increase the values of available swingweight,

71 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

while shorter-than-standard clubs will decrease the value of available swingweight. Graphite-shafted clubs generally will have a lighter overall weight. However, PING will assemble graphite-shafted clubs with heavier heads to achieve similar swingweight ranges as steel-shafted clubs at the same length. Standard swingweights will vary by model, shaft type and club length. Irons ordered without a specified swingweight will be built within a standard swingweight range.

Loft's Effect On Launch Angle, Spin & Understanding Swingweight

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE EFFECT OF SWINGWEIGHT CHANGES ON PERFORMANCE

ACCOMMODATING SWINGWEIGHT PREFERENCES

In general, PING research has shown that swingweight can affect club head speeds and general shot shape. A lighter swingweight helps to promote a slightly more right-to-left ball flight while a heavier swingweight can lead to a more left-to-right ball flight.

Players often confuse swingweight with total weight. With this in mind, consider the following approach to accommodating swingweight preferences. Proceed with standard swingweight unless the golfer indicates a preference for a heavier or lighter club head feel than those tested. Swingweight should be discussed to accommodate the preferences.

FITTING TO LESSEN A SLICE WITH A DRIVER The most common undesirable shot shape with a driver is an excessive slice with a left-toright ball flight (for right-handed players). This ball flight is often inconsistent and difficult to compensate for. The main cause is an out-toin swing path and a face angle that is open relative to the swing path. While it is difficult to completely cure this shot shape in a fitting, it is possible to reduce the shot curvature and make ball flight more consistent.

STRAIGHT

Research at PING has identified that one of the most effective ways to minimize a slice is to use a more “heel-weighted” driver model, which helps the player square the face to the path and minimize the “slice” side spin an average of 7 yards. Another fitting option is to use a shaft that is slightly less stiff. This can also help square the club face to the path, minimizing side spin. However, going too soft can have an adverse effect on ball flight and consistency. Other fitting options to consider are a thinner grip and a lighter swingweight.

72 Further Knowledge

■

Understanding Swingweight & Fitting To Lessen A Slice With A Driver

SLICE

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE MODIFYING LOFT IN IRONS, WEDGES Some golfers may benefit from loft adjustments to fine-tune their trajectories. Current production irons can be strengthened or weakened a maximum of two degrees to alter the final trajectory without adversely affecting the bounce angles. Loft options for current production irons include club, ¼ club, and ½ club stronger or weaker. Figure 53: Iron Loft Effect On Performance shows how changes in loft for a 7-iron will affect performance.

PING wedges can be strengthened or weakened no more than one degree. When loft is increased by one degree, bounce increases one degree; and when loft is decreased one degree, bounce also decreases one degree. Although there are situations when wedges could be weakened, consider strengthening to avoid adding excessive bounce.

FIGURE 53: IRON LOFT EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE

CHANGE IN 7-IRON PERFORMANCE PER 1-DEGREE INCREASE IN LOFT

7 Iron

BALL SPEED (MPH)

LAUNCH ANGLE (DEG)

SPIN RATE (RPM)

TOTAL DISTANCE (YDS)

-0.61

+0.48

+210.8

-2.28

73 Further Knowledge

■

Modifying Loft in Irons, Wedges

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE CUSHIN INSERT Optional in most steel shafts, the Cushin Insert improves the feel of PING irons by filtering club vibrations based on frequency. While reducing the harsh vibrations normally transmitted from all types of shots, the Cushin Insert maintains frequencies that deliver the positive feedback players want. Selective Filtering allows the golfer to feel the purity of a hit. Metal spheres suspended in a resilient rubber-like material are tuned to absorb unwanted

club vibrations. By absorbing 70% to 80% of undesirable frequencies, the insert helps reduce fatigue, allowing golfers to play their best toward the end of a round, when hand fatigue can hamper performance. The insert is located inside the shaft just below the grip, at the balance point (fulcrum) of a swingweight scale. Due to this placement, the Cushin Insert is nearly undetectable, and adds just 10 grams to the club's total weight.

WEDGE ANGLE OF ATTACK AND BOUNCE Two important characteristics that affect wedge performance are bounce angle and sole width. Bounce and sole width help guide the wedge through the turf or sand by elevating the leading edge off the ground slightly and creating reaction forces to help the wedge glide through impact. The speed, orientation, and angle at which a player delivers the clubhead, as well as the typical turf and sand conditions, can determine the best-performing bounce and sole profiles for a player. The measured bounce angle of a wedge is depicted in Figure 54: Wedge Angle Definitions. Even though two wedges may have the same measured bounce, if they have different sole widths their performance will vary. A wider sole provides a larger surface area to interact with the turf or sand, altering the reaction forces and performing as if it has more bounce. 74 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

FIGURE 54: WEDGE ANGLE DEFINITIONS

Cushin Inserts & Wedge Angle of Attack and Bounce

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE FIGURE 55: WEDGE ATTACK-ANGLE PLAYER DISTRIBUTION

STEEP

-15

-14

-13

-12

-11

SHALLOW

-10

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

ANGLE OF ATTACK

75 Further Knowledge

■

FIGURE 56: WEDGE ATTACK-ANGLE CHART ANGLE OF ATTACK

TURF & SAND CONDITIONS

A player’s angle of attack, in addition to typical turf and sand conditions, can give a good indication of which type of sole will perform best for that player. Figure 55: Wedge Attack-Angle Player Distribution shows the typical distribution of attack angles for a large grouping of players when hitting full wedge shots. Angles of attack more than 9 degrees downward are considered steep while those less than 6 degrees downward are considered shallow. When a player’s wedge angle of attack can be measured directly using technology or can be approximated with a lie board, this parameter should be used instead of divot depth to help guide bounce and sole-width recommendations. Figure 56: Wedge Attack-Angle Chart provides a matrix to help guide this recommendation.

STEEP

MODERATE

SHALLOW

FIRM

MEDIUM/ VARIES

SOFT

A: WIDER SOLE & MORE BOUNCE B: MODERATE BOUNCE & SOLE WIDTH C: THINNER SOLE & LESS BOUNCE

Wedge Angle of Attack and Bounce

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE USING A LIE BOARD TO APPROXIMATE ANGLE OF ATTACK When it's not possible to directly measure angle of attack (AoA), a lie board may be used to guide a sole and bounce recommendation. The following procedure outlines this process for full swings and partial swings, using a typical lie board and lie tape. Refer to Figure 57: Wedge Angle of Attack.

FULL-SWING WEDGE RECOMMENDATION

FIGURE 57: WEDGE ANGLE OF ATTACK (AoA)

Start with a 54° or 56° wedge with moderate bounce and sole width, and match the lie angle as closely as possible to the player's iron color code. Have the player hit a full stock trajectory shot with the lie-angle tape applied. If the shot is a miss-hit, throw out the tape and apply new.

If contact occurs at the back edge or off the tape entirely, recommend less bounce and a thinner sole for a shallow angle of attack (Player A)

PLAYER A

Shallow AoA (-0.2º) H E E L

LEADING EDGE HERE

PLAYER B

Neutral AoA (-5.8º) H E E L

T O E

LEADING EDGE HERE

If contact occurs in the back third of the tape, recommend a moderate bounce angle and sole width for a neutral angle of attack (Player B) If contact occurs toward the front of the tape, recommend more bounce and a wider sole width for a steep angle of attack (Player C)

T O E

PLAYER C

Steep AoA (-13.6º) H E E L

T O E

LEADING EDGE HERE

NOTE: When inspecting the marks, if contact occurs on the extreme heel or toe, try to match the lie angle to the player's irons, reapply tape, and repeat the process until contact occurs between the heel and toe.

76 Further Knowledge

■

Using A Lie Board To Approximate Angle of Attack

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE PARTIAL-SWING WEDGE RECOMMENDATION

FIGURE 58: WEDGE ANGLE OF ATTACK

Start with the loft of wedge the player would normally use on partial-swing / pitch shots with moderate bounce and sole width. Match the lie angle to be the same as a full-swing fitting. Have the player hit pitch shots and stock-trajectory partial-swing shots with the lie-angle tape applied. If the shot is a miss-hit, throw out the tape and apply new.

PLAYER D AoA = -7

H E E L

T O E

LEADING EDGE HERE

Follow the same procedure as with full swing to determine sole type. NOTE: See Figure 58: Wedge Angle of Attack. If a player opens up the clubface slightly on certain shots, he or she would contact the tape farther back than the AoA should indicate (Player D). Recommend the lowerbounce option for versatility.

77 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

Using A Lie Board To Approximate Angle of Attack

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE CUSTOM WEDGE-GRIND OPTIONS FIGURE 59: GRIND OPTIONS

BACK GRIND BOUNCE GRIND This grind reduces the overall angle/bounce of the club, which works best on firm turf conditions.

Material is removed from the back of the sole to make it narrower. As a result, the lead edge sits lower to the ground, making it easier to get under the ball when opening the face.

HEEL GRIND

LEAD-EDGE GRIND

By taking material from the heel it's easier for the player to lower their hands, effectively creating less bounce on that portion of the sole while maintaining playability.

Material is removed from the lead edge, giving it a larger, more rounded radius. This gives the player with a steep angle of attack a club that will resist digging in softer conditions or tightly mown lies.

HALF-MOON GRIND

BACK-HEEL COMBO GRIND

Material is removed from the heel and toe sections, allowing the player to play delicate short shots around the green with a deadening effect.

Golfers who play finesse shots will appreciate the versatility provided by this grind, which combines the back and heel grinds.

LOB COMBO GRIND

WRX COMBO GRIND

Relief in the back and heel provide versatility to open the face around the greens, while the larger, more rounded lead edge resists digging in softer conditions and tightly mown areas. This grind is especially effective with a steeper angle of attack.

Combining the back-heel and bounce grinds, the Wrx Grind is optimal when playing on firm turf conditions and is best suited for players with a shallow angle of attack.

78 Further Knowledge

â&#x2013;

Custom Wedge-Grind Options

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE PUTTER HANG ANGLE PING putter models are offered with shaft bends and hosel configurations to fit three stroke types: straight, slight arc, and strong arc. Stroke types are defined by the “hang angle” of the putter. This angle represents the direction the putter face points when

the putter is held with the shaft parallel to the ground, and is free to rotate about the shaft. Figure 60: Putter Hang Angle displays example putters from different stroke-type categories, for both a blade and mallet model.

FIGURE 60: PUTTER HANG ANGLE STRAIGHT STROKE

SLIGHT ARC STROKE

STRONG ARC STROKE

HANG ANGLE = 45°

HANG ANGLE = 63°

HANG ANGLE = 6°

HANG ANGLE = 12.5°

BLADE= C.G. CLOSER TO FACE

HANG ANGLE = 0°

MALLET= C.G. FAR FROM FACE

HANG ANGLE = 0° 79 Further Knowledge

■

Putter Hang Angle

FURTHER KNOWLEDGE Since the hang angle of a putter is governed by the distance between the putter head center of gravity (CG) and the shaft axis, altering the loft and lie of a putter can have a slight effect on the hang angle. Figure 61: Putter Toe Hang shows how altering the loft or lie can change where the CG is located relative to the shaft axis, and Figure 62: Change in Toe Hang displays how changes in these characteristics will affect the putter’s hang angle. When considering this effect, two important points should be noted:

FIGURE 61: PUTTER TOE HANG

ADD LOFT= MORE TOE HANG

DE-LOFT= LESS TOE HANG FLATTER= LESS TOE HANG

• Changes in loft or lie will not re-categorize a putter from one stroke type to another. •

Face-balanced putters will always be adjusted to ensure they stay face-balanced when loft and lie are changed. This is done through the adjustment of a second bend in the shaft or hosel.

MORE UPRIGHT= MORE TOE HANG FIGURE 62: CHANGE IN TOE HANG

CHANGE IN TOE HANG STRONG ARC

SLIGHT ARC

FACE BALANCED

2˚ CHANGE IN LOFT ANGLE

3.0˚

0.0˚

2˚ CHANGE IN LIE ANGLE

2.0˚

4.0˚

10.0˚

80 Further Knowledge

■

Putter Hang Angle

QUESTIONS For questions or to speak to a Product Specialist in the U.S., contact PING’s Fitting Department at 1-800-474-6434 between 7:30 am and 4:30 pm MST or submit your questions or comments to ping.com by clicking on the Customer Service link in the upper right. Outside the U.S., contact your local PING Distributor.